Erysipelas (erysipelas) - symptoms, treatment, causes, complications and prevention. Reduced general immunity. Is erysipelas of the leg contagious or not?

Hemolytic streptococcus causes such common diseases as, for example, sore throat. But not all people who have had it subsequently suffer from inflammatory processes in the skin tissues.

In addition to pathogenic invasion, the reasons for the development of erysipelas on the leg can be:

predisposition to the disease due to weak immunity;
allergy to waste products of a bacterial agent;
skin injuries, severe bruises;
general overheating or hypothermia;
altered mental states, emotional imbalance, stress;
sun, cold or chemical burn.

Is erysipelas on the leg contagious to others? Yes, since the pathogen is transmitted through direct contact with the host, facilitated by microscopic damage to the skin.

When combining several unfavorable factors and weakened immunity - streptococcus will immediately manifest itself. Cases of infection from outside are recorded less frequently. This occurs when using a non-sterile medical instrument or through the lymphogenous route.

Localization of lesions in the ankle area is most common. The inner surface of the thighs, feet or buttocks are less commonly affected by streptococcus.

Reasons for development

Development erysipelas Some factors will contribute, in particular, a violation of the integrity of the skin, which can occur when receiving an injury or scratch.

When talking about this, we mean eczema, neurodermatitis, psoriasis and even contact dermatitis.

No less significant factors are type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, varicose veins veins, thrombophlebitis. Experts also pay attention to:

The addition of obesity even at initial stage.
Occupational skin injuries and the influence of unfavorable production factors, such as dust or chemical components.
Worsening of the immune status after illnesses, hypothermia, hypo- and vitamin deficiencies.
Severe chronic diseases.
Presence of lesions chronic infections(trophic lesions, tonsillitis, caries, as well as sinusitis, which could not be cured over a long period of time).

We should not forget about elderly age and pregnancy. The causative agent on the skin during direct infection is streptococci.

In terms of prevalence, erysipelas ranks fourth among infectious pathology after

flu

Viral hepatitis and

dysentery

As a result of a number of studies, it was discovered various factors that provoke this disease. Among them:

circulatory disorders;
lymphostasis;
damage to the skin or mucous membranes;
mycoses of the feet;
sudden changes in temperature;
sedentary work;
injuries;
hereditary predisposition;
diabetes ;
bad habits(smoking);
stress.

All of the above factors can cause the development of erysipelas on the leg under conditions of reduced immunity. In this case, after streptococcus enters the body, an inadequate response of the immune system is observed, which is expressed by excessive production of immunoglobulin E and a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes with immunoglobulins A, M, G.

Against the backdrop of imbalance immune cells Allergy develops.

For the disease to begin to manifest itself, a provoking factor is needed, which can be:

The main and only reason for the appearance of this disease is erysipelas. It most affects men from eighteen to thirty-five years of age, as well as adult women.

In men increased risk infection is primarily associated with their professional activity, if it involves frequent microtraumas, temperature contrasts and prolonged skin contamination.

The presence of staphylococcus in the human body does not always lead to disease; bacteria begin to actively develop only under certain conditions.

Factors contributing to infection:

Diseases that cause damage and nutritional disorders of the skin: foot fungus, diabetes mellitus, overweight, vein problems, alcoholism, tropical ulcers, immunodeficiency.
Permanent injuries caused by professional reasons: work activities associated with constant skin contamination, wearing rubber or uncomfortable shoes for a long time, etc.
Weakening of the body and decreased functions of the immune system as a result of surgery, long illness, hypovitaminosis, hypothermia, and also in old age.
The presence of chronic infections in the body (tonsillitis, otitis, caries).

Classification of erysipelas of the legs

Local manifestations of the disease may be different. Depending on their nature, the following types are distinguished:

if the skin is covered with bright red erythema (growth), which has clear boundaries, then this indicates an erythematous form. Subsequently, the newly formed crust may begin to peel off.
The erythematous-bullous form of the disease proceeds similarly to the process described above. However, after a day or a little more, in the area affected by the infection, the top layer of skin peels off and forms a blister with clear liquid, which subsequently bursts. If subsequent healing is successful, new skin will result. Otherwise, erosion may occur.
if, by analogy with the erythematous-bullous form, the resulting bubble is filled with bloody contents, then this indicates the presence of a bullous-hemorrhagic form.
The erythematous-hemorrhagic form is similar to a large bruise, which is a consequence of hemorrhage from the resulting erythema into the subcutaneous layers.

At the first signs of illness, you should consult a doctor who will prescribe necessary treatment to stop the development of the inflammatory process.

What does the initial stage of erysipelas look like?

photo of erysipelas on the leg

With standard erysipelas, the skin will acquire a bright red tint and clearly defined boundaries with intact tissue. The edges of the lesion will be jagged, resembling flames.

It should also be taken into account that the area of inflammation will rise above the level of healthy skin and surrounding tissues.

Erysipelas on the hand

A change in the color of the skin on the hand to red will occur approximately 24 hours after the onset of the disease. When talking about the symptoms of erysipelas in this case, it is necessary to take into account that:

Symptoms are usually characterized by:

fever;
chills;
poor, that is, feeling weak;
red spots;
swollen skin in the leg area;
swollen tonsils;
filled with purulent blisters;
rash on legs;
headache;
fatigue;
vomiting.

The first signs that you have erysipelas on your leg

Erysipelas on the leg at the initial stage causes a sharp and causeless increase in body temperature to 40 degrees. In this case, the patient complains of muscle and headache, weakened and lethargic.

In the acute stage, attacks of nausea and vomiting are added to the general symptoms, convulsive syndrome and obsessive delusions.

By the end of the incubation period of 24 hours, the typical symptoms of erysipelas include a burning sensation, “tightness” of the skin, and local or general swelling. The limb becomes hot and blood pulsates. Infectious foci lead to skin disfigurement.

What does a erysipelas on a leg look like? Characteristic inflammation - bright red, sometimes burgundy skin color in the affected areas.

Outwardly, it looks like flames spreading along the leg. The lesions have clearly defined boundaries, slightly protruding above the skin. This is the so-called inflammatory shaft.

Erysipelas of the leg quickly progresses to the acute stage, which lasts on average from 7 to 20 days. Then the inflammation begins to subside and is replaced by severe peeling of dead skin. After complete healing, the affected areas change their usual color and may become pigmented.

If erysipelas of the lower extremities occurs in a severe form, then the upper layer of skin may peel off in layers, and formations filled with hemorrhagic or serous contents appear at the site of the wounds.

Patients with bullous-hemorrhagic and erythematous-bullous forms of the disease are admitted to the hospital. What kind of complication do doctors predict for such patients over a long period of time? non-healing ulcers trophic nature.

A recurrence of erysipelas is said to occur if the inflammation reappears within 24 months from the moment of previous recovery.

After the infection enters the body, it can take from five to seventy-two hours. After the end of the incubation period, the first symptoms of the disease are general malaise, weakness in the body, as well as a feeling of depression and weakness.

Subsequently to listed symptoms adds a sharp and severe headache, severe chills and very high fever. In some cases it reaches forty or more degrees Celsius.

Against the background of all this, intense pain develops in the lower back, knee and elbow joints, as well as muscle spasms.
.

Symptoms of erysipelas on the leg

As the presented disease is also called, pig erysipelas, it may be associated with some other symptoms. In particular, in the area of the skin affected by erysipelas, itching and burning of the skin forms from the very beginning. As the disease develops over 24 hours, all signs of inflammation begin to develop, typical of the first stage. We are talking about redness, heat and pain.

At the same time, the lesion will rapidly spread and even increase in size; it may well swell.

Depending on the individual characteristics of the body and symptoms, the most different techniques treatment of erysipelas (antibiotics, ointments), including folk remedies used at home.

The doctor knows that erysipelas of the leg at the initial stage is characterized by the following symptoms:

temperature rise, possible rise to 40;
headache;
muscle aches;
weakness;
nausea or vomiting;
fever accompanied by delirium;
muscle spasms.

Signs of the initial period are observed from a couple of hours to three days.

After primary signs symptoms of the disease appear:

burns the skin;
a feeling of fullness in the leg in the place where the inflammation began;
red or burgundy tint of inflamed skin;
the form of inflammation on the skin is similar to the red flame of fire;
skin lesion sticks out, representing a red inflammatory shaft;
feelings of increased skin temperature at the site of erysipelas;
edema;
bubble formation;
the attenuation of inflammation can occur through peeling of the skin.

So, what does erysipelas on the leg look like? Photo: initial stage:

Complications

If the disease has reached a severe stage, treatment does not bring recovery, the skin may blister. Blisters may contain serous and hemorrhagic substances. The disease can cause peeling of the outer layer of the skin. The purulent consequences of erysipelas are difficult to cure.

The consequences of the disease can lead to complications. Problems with the circulation of lymph in the legs, leading to swelling, are a serious complication of erysipelas.

A dangerous complication of untimely or incorrect treatment can be the formation of blood clots.

Complications in the form of ulcerative skin lesions, necrosis of skin cells can overtake a patient with erysipelas of the leg.

If the treatment is chosen incorrectly, you may encounter kidney disease as a complication of the disease.

Erysipelas can have complications on the functioning of the heart.

The first symptoms of erysipelas on the leg always debut with pronounced

signs of intoxication

: temperature rises to 38-40°, headache and muscle pain, weakness, chills. These signs usually precede the manifestation of local inflammatory processes by several hours or days. Paresthesia, not very intense pain, a feeling of burning or fullness may occur.

Erysipelas on the leg

The incubation period of this disease lasts from several hours to three days. After this period, the patient develops symptoms, including general weakness, weakness and malaise.

After this, the temperature suddenly rises and chills and headache appear. The first few hours of erysipelas are characterized by a very high temperature, which can reach forty degrees.

There is also muscle pain in the legs and lower back. In addition, my joints hurt.

In the leg in which the erysipelas appears, the patient feels pain and burning, a feeling of fullness. After some time, a small pink or red spot appears in this place.

This spot has clear boundaries and is expanding. At the site of the lesion, the skin is hot to the touch, tense and slightly elevated above the non-inflamed skin.

Some time later, blisters and bruising sometimes appear on the affected areas. Nearby lymph nodes may also become inflamed.

Some types erysipelas may be accompanied by bubbles of clear liquid. These bubbles go away after some time, but in their place red crusts remain, which will also go away in a few weeks. As a complication, erosions and ulcers may form at the site of erysipelas.

How the disease manifests itself at the initial stage and beyond: photo

Determine presence or absence degenerative change is possible only after questioning the patient, external examination and questioning about complaints about pronounced symptoms inflammation.

According to the nature of the influence in medicine, it is customary to distinguish changes: erythematous, erythematous-bullous, erythematous-hemorrhagic. From the clinical picture - mild erysipelas, moderate or severe.

According to the number of transferred cases - first, relapse, re-infection. According to how the infection is distributed throughout the epidermis - localized type, widespread, migratory, metastatic.

Symptoms of inflammation that affect the general well-being of the patient:

With the development of severe inflammation, blisters appear and internal and external hemorrhages are possible.

Symptoms of local erysipelas of the leg appear a few days after the general health deteriorates. These are the symptoms of erysipelas of the leg:

The first signs of infection development resemble an ordinary viral disease, but after a short time the disease manifests itself fully.

Main symptoms:

Initially, general signs appear that show the effect of erysipelas on the body as a whole:

Headache;
Pain in muscles throughout the body;
Lethargy and weakness;
Poor digestibility of food eaten, that is, nausea and vomiting;
Temperature rises to critical indicators;
In the most severe cases hallucinations, loss of consciousness and convulsions are possible.

After about a day they begin to appear local symptoms, helping to correctly determine the presence of erysipelas on the leg:

In the future, symptoms will be determined depending on the form of the disease.

It is worth remembering that erysipelas is a very dangerous disease and can cause such consequences as:

diseases of the genitourinary system;
malfunctions cordially- vascular system;
skin ulcers or necrosis;
abscess;
change in lymph circulation;
one of the most serious complications is elephantiasis.

The period from infection with streptococcus to the appearance of the first signs of illness can take up to ten days.

At the initial stage you feel:

general weakness
loss of strength, lethargy
headache
chills
muscle pain
poor appetite, nausea
digestive problems (vomiting, diarrhea)
high body temperature

The inflammation progresses rapidly, which requires surgical drug treatment, which is considered the most effective for this disease.

A day after the first symptoms of the disease appear, the affected area turns red and the skin becomes painful.

There is swelling, a feeling of skin tightness, and a burning sensation. Blisters filled with liquid (transparent or with blood), peeling and peeling of the top layer of skin may also appear.

In especially severe cases, patients experience: convulsions, fainting, loss of orientation, indicating disturbances in activity central nerve systems.

Diagnostics

Since the symptoms of erysipelas can often resemble other diseases, such as scleroderma, thrombophlebitis, systemic lupus erythematosus and others, it is very great importance focuses specifically on diagnostics.

But only experienced specialist will be able to establish a diagnosis based on a thorough interview of the patient and the presence of characteristic symptoms. A set of laboratory tests can also be performed.

A professional doctor usually makes a diagnosis with just a clinical examination. The specialist carefully questions the patient about the symptoms.

During the examination, the doctor carefully checks for swelling, spots and damage to certain areas of the skin on the face and legs. When reviewing the details, the doctor may clarify by asking about the presence of minor injuries or bruises.

After all, even a small scratch can cause the development of this unpleasant disease.

The treatment of erysipelas is carried out by 2 specialists - a dermatologist and an infectious disease specialist. Usually, an external examination of the patient is sufficient to make a diagnosis, but in in rare cases They may take a blood test for bacteriological culture in order to exclude other similar diseases.

Treatment

disease with superficial processes requires the use of Enteroseptol as powders;
Along with this, it is permissible to use an ointment made from crushed medications and Erythromycin ointment;
in the process of treating a recurrent form of the disease, so-called physiotherapy is recommended, namely the use of UHF, quartz or even laser;
when the condition worsens excellent results demonstrates a combination antibacterial treatment with cryotherapy;
appointment may be required antihistamines as part of complex therapy along with antibiotics.

What antibiotics are taken

Considering that erysipelas is an infectious contagious disease, it should be remembered that the basis of its treatment should be the use of various antibiotics.

These medications, used together with antibacterial compounds of other categories, will destroy the causative agent of erysipelas.

Penicillin in the treatment of erysipelas

The most effective and safest in the treatment of erysipelas are injections of antibiotics, for example, Oleandomycin or Penicillin.

Is home therapy acceptable?

Treatment at home for erysipelas is allowed, but only if such a course is supervised by a specialist. Speaking about this, they pay attention to the use of special bandages, which are used both for the upper and lower extremities, and, for example, for the fingers separately. Features of the use and preparation of the product are as follows:

Antibiotics

Erysipelas of the leg, the treatment of which is based on eliminating the primary cause of the disease, requires the prescription of a new generation of antibiotics. The first choice drugs are penicillins and cephalosporins.

It is to them that streptococcus, which is the causative agent of erysipelas, is most susceptible.

The course duration of treatment is 7-10 days, depending on the stage of the disease and the presence accompanying pathologies. Medicines are taken strictly as prescribed, the recommended time interval is maintained.

Clinical assessment of the effectiveness of the therapy is given on the basis of attenuation of symptoms of localized inflammation, normalization of body temperature, improvement general condition.

It is used as instrumental control over the healing process. microbiological assessment skin conditions on the leg.

Immunomodulators

Along with antibiotics, the doctor will prescribe immunomodulatory and desensitizing therapy to the patient. They are necessary to cleanse the body of toxins produced during the life of pathogenic microorganisms.

Toxins cause individual allergic reactions. For the purpose of warning negative reactions desensitization drugs are used. Usually this is Diphenhydramine, which helps reduce the severity of allergic manifestations.

Immunomodulator Taktivin

Immunomodulators are used to stimulate the speed of the immune response to streptococcus. In prescriptions you can find “Tactivin”, “Timalin”, “Dekalis”.

In the presence of concomitant systemic or chronic diseases, the treatment regimen includes antistreptococcal serum or a complex of toxoids.

Ointments and creams

Erysipelas on the leg also requires treatment with local medications. External agents give sustainable result, since creams and ointments are applied directly to the area of skin affected by streptococcus.

For example, chlorethyl lotions provide a cooling effect, which in the first few days of the acute period can reduce the intensity of pain. At the same time, it is recommended to apply bandages soaked in an antiseptic solution.

The drug is designed to cause the death of the streptococcal pathogen and stop the process of activation of secondary pathogenic flora, aggravating clinical picture erysipelas.

Physiotherapy

Antibiotics for erysipelas will not be able to fully help if the patient ignores the physiotherapist’s prescriptions. To restore skin and soft fabrics, the disturbed metabolism should be normalized.

Physiotherapy can reduce the number of relapses of erysipelas, and then completely cure.

In most cases, targeted ultraviolet irradiation is sufficient. Streptococci die under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, and, ultimately, with the help of antibiotics and physiotherapy, it is possible to completely defeat the pathogen.

Only pathologically changed areas of the skin can be irradiated. In case of a migratory form of erysipelas, the issue of irradiation of the entire surface of the leg is considered.

For patients with a recurrent type of disease, other physiotherapeutic methods of treatment are also indicated, for example, paraffin and ozokerite therapy. The effect of these procedures is based on heat, which helps stop the proliferation of streptococcus.

Microcirculation also improves, thanks to which blood is delivered to the affected area. immunocompetent cells, actively working at the site of inflammation.

In the acute period, hydrocortisone is prescribed (phono- and electrophoresis). This product has an anti-inflammatory effect.

How to treat erysipelas on the leg if an abscess has developed at the site of the lesion or phlegmon has appeared? In this case, the patient is transferred to the surgical department, where, under local anesthesia, the doctor opens the abscess, removes the pus and installs drainage for its subsequent outflow.

In this way purulent intoxication is prevented.

Treatment at home

Treating erysipelas of the leg at home is possible, but official medicine does not recommend resorting to such means without consultation with an infectious disease specialist and preliminary diagnosis.

A well-proven remedy that helps speed up recovery is a compress made from a thick layer of potatoes grated on a coarse grater. It is applied while sleeping at night, directly over the area affected by streptococcus.

Methods that can treat skin inflammation are associated with antibacterial drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, and folk remedies.

The medicinal method involves the use of antibiotics and tablets that will help relieve inflammation. The disease can be treated with allergy medications if the disease has become chronic.

At the initial stage, treatment using folk remedies is possible.

Infectious disease specialists and surgeons treat erysipelas. Uncomplicated forms of erysipelas on the leg are subject to treatment in infectious diseases departments, and therapy, for example, of phlegmonous-necrotic forms is the prerogative of surgical specialists.

In the treatment of erysipelas on the leg, the most effective way is the use of antibacterial drugs, which is based on the etiological role of hemolytic streptococcus.

According to reviews, among the most effective antibiotics Erythromycin, penicillins, and clindamycin should be highlighted, which are taken both orally and parenterally.

Local use in the form of ointments (erythromycin ointment) and powders is also indicated.

In uncomplicated forms of the disease, to improve lymphovenous drainage, prevent thrombosis, and quickly eliminate swelling of the affected limb, step-by-step application of compression zinc-gelatin bandages is recommended.

Except antibacterial therapy Physiotherapy is also prescribed. In particular, local ultraviolet irradiation, exposure to light electric current discharges, and laser exposure in the infrared light range are used.

Good results are achieved by cryotherapy, in which the surface layers of the skin are frozen until they turn white.

If, after reading this article, you think that you have symptoms characteristic of this disease, then you should

seek advice from a therapist.

It is necessary to treat erysipelas both locally and general methods. The duration of treatment for this disease can range from one week to several months.

To cure this disease, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamins, immunity-boosting drugs, as well as drugs that reduce the permeability of small blood vessels are often prescribed.

A patient with erysipelas must drink plenty of fluids and also take medications that reduce the toxic effect of streptococcus.

Local therapy is prescribed as an auxiliary method. It is used only for extensive blistering lesions.

As a local therapy, the vesicles are incised, as a result of which they are emptied. Then bandages with disinfectant solutions are placed in their places.

After the acute phenomena subside, the patient is prescribed drugs that stimulate tissue restoration.

In folk medicine you can also find remedies that will help get rid of this disease.

Crushed and sifted chalk or rye flour are used as a healing agent. These products should be sprinkled on the affected areas every morning, then covered with a red woolen cloth and bandaged. After several such procedures, erysipelas disappears.

There is another way. To do this, you need to infuse twenty grams of dope seeds in a glass of boiling water. After this, you should strain this infusion and dilute it half with water. Compresses are usually made with this water and applied to the affected areas.

You can also take three grams boric acid, twelve grams of xeroform, eight grams of white streptocide and thirty grams of white sugar. These ingredients should be mixed and sprinkled on the affected areas of the skin.

Before this, you need to treat the erysipelas with hydrogen peroxide and, before covering the wound, apply a double layer of gauze to it. This powder should be used twice a day.

Material updated 04/25/2017

The body's defenses are the main factor that will prevent the disease from returning again. Treatment of erysipelas of the leg will be ineffective. Therefore, in addition to local therapy, agents that enhance the immune system are used.

What can be done to increase the body's resistance to infection?

Folk remedies help to cope with external foci of the disease, increase immunity, get rid of discomfort at home, and have few contraindications.

Recipes against inflammation:

Patients need to eat properly during treatment. It is important to exclude irritating substances from the diet (spices, spicy foods, alcohol, coffee, chocolate).

You need to drink at least 3 liters of liquid per day. It is recommended to drink alkaline mineral water.

Diet needs to be enriched vegetable fats, easily digestible proteins (they are found in fish, meat and seafood).

You need to walk more often. Physical activity should be limited.

Physiotherapy is indicated in the acute period of the disease and in the remission phase. Ultraviolet irradiation is the most commonly used drug electrophoresis, laser treatment, paraffin treatment.

Despite the fact that the disease is not contagious, simple hygiene measures must be observed:

change clothes regularly and bed dress;
wash every day;
dry your skin after taking a shower;
wipe the affected limb with herbal decoctions.

Treatment with folk remedies can be harmful, so there is no need to self-medicate. Thus, erysipelas of the legs is very common.

To prevent this disease, you need to promptly treat chronic pathology, harden yourself, increase your immunity, lead a healthy lifestyle, avoid wearing tight clothes and shoes, avoid injury to the skin of your feet, and wash your body more often.

Symptoms of erysipelas of the leg and treatment are always closely related. Doctors at visual inspection and carrying out laboratory tests, determine the severity of the disease and select best option treatment.

When mild course or relapse, treatment of erysipelas on the leg can occur on an outpatient basis if the disease has become severe or running form, then the doctor will definitely suggest hospitalization.

First of all, regardless of the form and course, the doctor will recommend which antibiotics to take for erysipelas of the leg. The drugs can be administered orally or intramuscularly.

Medicines remain the most effective and efficient in the fight against streptococcus penicillin group(“Amoxicillin”, “Ospamox”). Furazolidone and Erythromycin can be combined with them to enhance the effect.

Treating the symptoms of erysipelas with ointment has its own characteristics. It should be applied only to the prepared area of skin. It is recommended to pre-treat it with a solution of furatsilin, which will help avoid secondary infection and the addition of additional infection.

To help the body resist the disease on its own, it is necessary to treat with immunostimulants. These can be vitamin complexes or biostimulants that provide fast healing wounds and restoration of the body after severe intoxication.

To strengthen nerve endings in the affected limb, B vitamins are prescribed.

If the patient has a high temperature and inflammatory processes on the skin begin, it is recommended to use antipyretics (Aspirin, Ibuprofen) and anti-inflammatory drugs (Baralgin, Reopirin, Diclofenac).

If the signs of intoxication of the body are pronounced and do not disappear for a long time, then the patient is given an intravenous glucose solution, it is recommended drinking plenty of fluids and diuretics.

In case of frequent relapses, treatment may be supplemented hormonal therapy with Prednisolone.

Remember! Erysipelas takes a lot of time to complete cure, while therapy should be aimed not only at recovery, but also at preventing serious complications.

Besides drug treatment erysipelas of the leg, the following procedures are prescribed:

ultraviolet irradiation;
weak current discharges;
high frequency current;
laser therapy.

If lymph drainage is impaired in a limb, it is recommended to:

ozokerite;
magnetic therapy;
electrophoresis with Lidase.

The use of these methods allows you to avoid the development of elephantiasis in the affected limb.

In case of severe disease or a high likelihood of complications, surgical intervention may be used. The doctor opens the watery blisters and drains the accumulated fluid out.

After this, the resulting wounds are treated with an antiseptic. After surgical intervention An antibiotic ointment with an analgesic effect can be used until the wounds are completely healed.

Operation is extreme method which is prescribed by the doctor

How to treat erysipelas of the leg at home? First you need to consult a doctor and determine the severity of the disease.

The most effective treatment is medication

You may have to take medication for one week. With more serious cases treatment is carried out in a hospital under supervision qualified specialist, where antibiotics will most likely be required through a vein.

Young children and older people may require rehabilitation in a medical facility. Sometimes bacteria do not respond to a certain antibiotic.

Therefore, the doctor decides to prescribe another antibiotic. Each case is considered individually.

Use of antimicrobial drugs

The basis of treatment for patients with erysipelas of the legs is antibiotics and antimicrobials(antiseptics). The drugs of choice are penicillins, macrolides, tetracyclines and cephalosporins. The most commonly used drugs are:

Phenoxymethylpenicillin;
Benzylpenicillin;
Bicillin-5;
Levomycentin;
Doxycycline;
Erythromycin.

If frequent relapses of the disease are a concern, then antibiotics from two different pharmacological groups are used. First, treatment is carried out with penicillins, and then with lincosamides (Lincomycin).

The antibiotic Bicillin-5 is suitable for preventing recurrence of erysipelas. Antibacterial drugs are selected by the attending physician taking into account their tolerability by the patient, the patient’s age and contraindications.

They are used internally in the form of capsules, tablets, powders or as an injection solution. Nitrofurans and sulfonamides are used less frequently for erysipelas.

Systemic therapy is combined with local therapy. IN the latter case antiseptic solutions (Furacillin, Dimexide), powders and aerosols are used.

Local therapy is carried out in the presence of a blistering rash. Ointments and compresses are often used.

Generally, the affected part of the body, i.e. the leg, should be raised higher than the rest of the body. In this way, swelling can be reduced and swelling can be relieved.

For example, it is advisable to lie on the sofa with your leg elevated and rest as long as possible. During this period, the leg should be raised above the hip.

To support your legs in this position, you can use pillows. It is also important to drink plenty of fluids and get up from time to time.

Possible complications and prognosis

nephritis, as one of the complications of erysipelas

If the disease is not treated in a timely manner, or if you do not consult a doctor at all, the following complications are possible:

abscess formation;
development of phlegmon;
gangrene of the limb;
inflammation of the lymphatic vessels;
lymphostasis (stagnation of lymph);
thrombophlebitis of the veins of the lower extremities;
sepsis;
thromboembolism;
heart damage;
kidney damage such as glomerulonephritis or pyelonephritis;
increased keratinization of the skin (hyperkeratosis);
the appearance of papillomas;
development of eczema;
lymphorrhea (lymph outflow).

Prevention

Speaking about prevention, I would like to note the following:

it is very important to treat certain lesions in a timely manner chronic inflammation, because they help weaken the immune system and from them bacterial components can spread throughout the circulatory system;
You must remember to maintain personal hygiene, in particular, take a shower at least once a day. Also recommended contrasting souls;
It is important to avoid the formation of diaper rash. For example, in the area of skin folds, where the skin remains permanently moist, it is advisable to use baby powder;
it is necessary to treat damage to the skin with antiseptics, in particular hydrogen peroxide or iododicirin;
It is important to promptly treat fungal infections of the feet, even if they do not look bad. The fact is that they quite often turn out to be a kind of entry gate for infectious lesions.

Having calculated the causes and pathogens of the disease, you should try to avoid them. If inflammation begins after an insect bite, you need to use repellents. Erysipelas occurred after an injury, you need to protect your leg from possible wounds, burns.

Given the fact that the disease is infectious, the disease is contagious. The presence of a predisposition to the disease, an allergy to an infectious pathogen, or skin damage should cause concern when in contact with a person whose skin is affected by erysipelas.

Living next to an infected person leads to the need to limit communication. The disease in children may be more severe due to the fact that it is more difficult for them to control themselves when they want to scratch the skin.

To avoid skin lesions in children, you need to separate them from the sick person and ensure that there are no wounds on the skin through which infection can enter.

When faced with inflammation on the leg, the next time a person notices the signs of the disease, he should turn to treatment methods in advance in order to avoid serious consequences and complications.

Taking care of your health and the condition of your skin is the responsibility of every person!

Preventing the development of erysipelas is possible if inflammatory processes are treated in a timely manner and factors that will contribute to the onset of the disease are eliminated.

It is extremely important to carry out timely treatment for diabetes mellitus, disorders of the vascular system in the lower extremities, and fungal infections of the foot.

Unfortunately, erysipelas is characterized by frequent relapses. If the disease appears more often than 2 times a year, then doctors already talk about the presence of a chronic form. To avoid frequent relapses, you must adhere to the following rules:

Avoid hypothermia sharp changes temperature in the room or at work.
Respond in a timely manner to the onset of the inflammatory process.

Remember! By starting treatment for skin inflammation, you can block the spread of the disease at the initial stage!

At the slightest suspicion of a fungal infection of the foot, immediately contact a dermatologist to select the necessary medical product.
Wash your feet, body, and maintain personal hygiene every day.
Constantly strengthen the immune system, play sports, go for walks fresh air.
Follow individual plan treatment and recovery, which will be recommended by the doctor.
Use long-acting drugs that prevent the activation and proliferation of streptococcus in the body. Taking such medications is possible only as prescribed by a doctor. The course can vary from several months to a year.

Erysipelas of the leg is quite frequent illness, which has bright and unpleasant symptoms. To avoid the development of the disease, you need to systematically monitor your health, exercise, eat right and not self-medicate.

Consulting a doctor will always help to avoid the development of serious complications and health problems.

There are several rules that, if followed, can minimize the risk of erysipelas appearing on the leg.

It is necessary to limit contact with people suffering from this disease and carry out antiseptic skin treatment after each meeting;
The appearance of erysipelas can provoke a weak immune system, so it is necessary to improve your health through exercise, adherence to sleep and rest;
It is also advisable to avoid stressful situations;
Another precautionary measure would be the timely removal of streptococcal infection from the body;
It is necessary to carefully monitor foot hygiene and avoid the appearance of minor damage;
A disorder may influence the onset of the disease. venous system, therefore it is necessary to carefully monitor its operation and consult a doctor in suspicious situations.

Erysipelas responds well to treatment, the main thing is to start on time correct therapy and be sure to consult a doctor who can choose the right medications.

Erysipelas: causes, manifestations, signs, treatment methods

Erysipelas is considered one of the most unpleasant and dangerous diseases that is caused by infection; inflammation of the skin during erysipelas can have varying intensity and symptoms.

Erysipelas: basic concepts

Among all pathologies caused by infection, in terms of prevalence, erysipelas is immediately after acute respiratory infections, gastrointestinal tract infections and hepatitis.

Of particular interest is the age profile of patients. Thus, at the age of 20-40 years old, mainly males suffer from erysipelas, which experts associate with labor activity(microtraumas, skin contamination, temperature changes). In adulthood, the majority of patients are women, which is associated with greater physical activity.

In the vast majority of cases, erysipelas develops on the arms and legs (feet, legs); Inflammation occurs much less frequently on the head and face, while the rarest are considered to be inflammatory processes in the groin (perineum, genitals) and on the torso (abdomen, sides). The mucous membranes may also be affected.

An unpleasant feature of erysipelas is precisely the psychological discomfort, since quite bright color the area affected by erysipelas invariably attracts the attention of others.

Erysipelas, unlike many infectious diseases, is equally widespread throughout the world, without a single focus of localization.

You can become infected with hemolytic strepococcus directly from a patient (erysipelas, scarlet fever, tonsillitis) or from a carrier of the infection. At the slightest damage It is better to limit skin contact with carriers of streptococcal infection, since the disease is transmitted by contact. However, infection can also occur through microcracks, injections and insect bites that are scratched.

Individual characteristics of the body and adaptation mechanisms lead to the fact that all people have different susceptibility to the disease; this affects the course of the disease, the intensity of its symptoms and the clinical picture as a whole. It is worth noting that medical statistics indicate an increase in cases of erysipelas in late summer and the first half of autumn.

Erysipelas should be treated immediately after identifying the disease, since some consequences and concomitant diseases can cause much more problems than erysipelas itself.

Causes of the disease and provoking factors

Among the factors that can lead to the development of erysipelas, stress and constant overload, both emotional and physical, occupy an important place. The remaining determining factors are:

Sudden temperature changes (temperature decreases and increases);
Damage to the skin (scratches, bites, injections, microcracks, diaper rash, etc.);
Excessive tanning;
Various bruises and other injuries.

The following reasons or their combination can be an indirect cause of erysipelas of the skin:

Decreased immunity;
Somatic chronic diseases;
Diabetes;
Alcoholism, unhealthy diet;
Streptococcus infections.

Features of inflammation in different parts of the body

The severity of the consequences of erysipelas and the intensity of symptoms do not depend on the location of the disease, but in a number of situations the disease can become significantly more complicated.

Legs

Erysipelas of the leg is most often observed in women; in men this phenomenon is quite rare; Most often diagnosed in spring and autumn.

Very often, an erysipelas on the leg is not perceived as a danger, since redness, swelling and general malaise are attributed to allergies, insect bites and other reasons. Meanwhile, the disease requires consultation with a specialist and immediate initiation of treatment. It is also not worth starting self-treatment and taking antibiotics.

Erysipelas of the lower leg is the most common, and can be identified by severe itching in the calf area, the appearance of obvious swelling in the first hours, as well as the rapid spread of erythema, accompanied by pain.

It is the erysipelas of the lower leg that leads to elephantiasis, as it causes. Complications of inflammation in the calves and legs may include purulent boils and abscesses, which can even lead to gangrene.

A characteristic feature of erysipelas on the legs is the possibility of relapses and the severe course of the disease in general. It is worth remembering that alternative medicine is not able to effectively fight streptococcal infection, and no decoctions, compresses or infusions will lead to recovery.

Face and head

Erysipelas of the face is also characterized by impaired lymph flow, since the infection primarily affects large and small lymphatic vessels. Acute inflammation may be complicated by the presence of cracks and other damage to the skin. In some cases, erysipelas on the face can be repeated; relapses occur quite often.

Inflammatory processes can affect the cheeks, nose, outer areas of the ear and mouth, but often redness is observed on the cheeks, and the erythema resembles a butterfly in its shape. Much less often, inflammatory processes are observed under the hair.

The particular pain of erysipelas on the face deserves special mention, so you should not touch the affected areas again.

Hands

Erysipelas of the hand is considered one of the most unpleasant cases, as it greatly complicates life, interfering with even ordinary activities. household chores. In addition, when there is redness and swelling of the hands, people think about the possibility of developing erysipelas. last resort, so the diagnosis is usually made after the body temperature rises significantly.

Complications with erysipelas of the hands occur due to exposure to pathogenic microbes. Accompanying illnesses significantly complicate the course of the disease, so you should take special care of your hands when the inflammatory process begins.

Characteristic symptoms and signs of erysipelas

Symptoms of erysipelas depend on the form and severity of the disease. The frequency of development is also important, since some relapses and repeated cases can be much more difficult to tolerate. The localization of areas of inflammation is only partly the determining factor, but the overall prevalence of erysipelas usually leads to an increase in the intensity of symptoms.

Most often the disease begins with feeling of lightness chills, which intensifies very quickly, and later lethargy, weakness and drowsiness appear. In some cases, a severe throbbing headache, muscle spasms, nausea with vomiting may appear in the first hours. The heart rate may increase significantly, and the temperature may rise sharply to 39 – 40ºC.

Sometimes the symptoms are much more unpleasant, and at the slightest suspicion of a severe form of the course, you should immediately seek help. medical assistance. The first signs similar situation Periodic convulsions and speech disturbances, as well as delirium, are considered. If measures are not taken in time, the membranes of the brain may also suffer from irritation.

Signs of erysipelas intensify during the day, and after 24 hours, symptoms of local inflammation make themselves known. These include pain syndrome, swelling, severe burning and itching, as well as a feeling of tension in the affected area of the skin.

In medical practice most common erythematous and erythematous-bullous varieties of the disease.

In the first form of development the area affected by erysipelas acquires a rich, bright red color (erythema), any touch to which is quite painful. The edges of the area may appear jagged, and the area itself is usually swollen, causing it to rise slightly above the overall surface of the skin. Subsequently, the upper layer of the epithelium may begin to peel off.

Combined erythematous-bullous type of erysipelas characterized by the symptoms described above, which are supplemented by some others. Usually, after a couple of days, the top layer of skin peels off at the site of redness, in place of which bubbles appear with an opaque liquid inside. After they burst, a rather hard crust of a dirty brown color forms in their place. In rare cases, erosive processes occur on the skin.

Hemorrhagic processes in erysipelas are accompanied by hemorrhages and rupture of small blood vessels.

Among the main complications after erysipelas, one should highlight nephritis and due to impaired renal function and circulatory system. In addition, ulceration of the affected areas is considered a common consequence, and the likelihood of necrosis also increases. Elephantiasis is one of the most unpleasant complications, and occurs due to impaired lymph outflow.

Video: doctor about the symptoms of erysipelas

Therapeutic methods in the treatment of erysipelas

The therapeutic course for the treatment of erysipelas usually lasts from a week to ten days, and patients are recommended to be hospitalized in order to avoid consequences of varying severity and significant deterioration in well-being.

Isolation of patients is considered necessary even for mild illness. For erysipelas, single or double injections of penicillin per day are highly discouraged, even if we are talking about relatively large doses.

Treatment is based on rational antibiotic therapy, and detoxification drugs are used as additional means.

Antibiotic treatment begins immediately after positive reaction the patient's body for antibiotic therapy. In such a case, within a day, chills and fever disappear, inflammatory processes subside, and the intensity of pain decreases.

A review of the diagnosis or determination of the severity of the disease should be carried out only after there is no improvement after 72 hours after the administration of antibiotics.

In 80% of cases, benzylpenicillin has a positive effect, if we are not talking about the presence of sepsis or other infections;
If you are allergic to standard penicillin drugs, it is recommended to use macrolides;
Antimycotics are used for erysipelas of the leg, complicated by the development of fungus;
Ulcerative lesions require treatment only with systemic antibiotics;
The use of any antibiotics for erysipelas does not exclude the possibility of relapses.

Unlike other consequences, the likelihood of blood clots from erysipelas is small, so anticoagulants are not usually used. In cases where erysipelas is complicated by obesity, prevention with heparin injections is recommended.

Recurrences of erysipelas may occur if the root cause of the disease (provoking factors) has not been eliminated. I wonder what re-development inflammatory processes can be localized in another area, sometimes quite far from the first.

If you do not carry out regular prevention with medications and do not change the hygienic conditions of work and life, then a relapse can be observed within six months.

Treating even minor skin lesions with antiseptics is very effective. preventive measure against the occurrence of erysipelas, for this you can use special gels, among other things.

It is worth remembering that traditional medicines - ointments, herbs and infusions will not help in the fight against the disease, and can only be used as an aid after consultation with your doctor.

Erysipelas is a dangerous infectious disease that affects the skin and the tissue located underneath it. The disease does not go away on its own and requires mandatory medical intervention and treatment.

Causes

Inflammatory processes can occur at any age. This rapidly spreading disease is caused by streptococci. For the development of erysipelas on the leg, it is not enough for microorganisms to enter the skin, because not everyone who gets streptococcus develops the disease. For the appearance of this disease, a number of factors are necessary that promote reproduction:

Mechanical damage:

scratches;
abrasions;
burns;
frostbite;
abrasions;
cuts.

Condition of the body leading to decreased immunity:

stress;
hypothermia;
overwork.

Diseases that increase the body's susceptibility to infections:

alcoholism;
diabetes;
obesity;
trophic ulcers;
diaper rash;
fungus;
phlebeurysm;
lymphatic edema.

The risk of developing erysipelas on the leg increases among representatives of certain professions. For loaders, military, builders there is increased danger for the occurrence and development of streptococcus in the skin due to the frequent likelihood of skin damage, pollution and sudden changes in temperature.

Symptoms of the disease

Distinguish different symptoms diseases erysipelas on the leg. Erysipelas, in the case of a mild form - erythematous, is often limited only local manifestations: redness, swelling and soreness of the skin area. The peculiarity of this inflammation is its bright red color and clear boundaries of the inflammatory focus. In shape it resembles flames.

More complex shape– erythematous-bullous. In this case, on the first or third day of the disease, bubbles with clear liquid form at the site of the disease. They burst, forming crusts. Favorable treatment leads to healing and the formation of young skin after it falls off. Otherwise, ulcers or erosions may form.

If antibodies damage the capillary vessels that arise to fight streptococcus, hemorrhage forms inside the affected skin. This form of the disease is called erythematous-hemorrhagic.

In the most severe cases, the lesion becomes covered with blisters into which blood seeps. This form is bullous-hemorrhagic.

In addition to the occurrence of a focus of the disease, the patient experiences the following symptoms:

weakness;
increased body temperature;
chills;
headache and muscle pain;
nausea or vomiting;
possible tachycardia.

These signs are common for an organism that has been intoxicated. Before an obvious focus of the disease appears, swelling and redness form on the leg. At the site of inflammation, pain, skin tension and burning are felt.

Drug treatment

How to cure erysipelas on the leg? Before starting treatment for the disease, consultation with a doctor is required. Otherwise, complications may occur. Severe form of the disease in mandatory serves as a reason for hospitalization. The patient is subject to inpatient treatment if:

the disease is accompanied by diabetes mellitus, allergic reactions, kidney, heart or vascular diseases, lymph circulation disorders;
erysipelas occurred in a child or an elderly person;
ulcers or rough scars have appeared on the skin;
the disease manifests itself repeatedly, regardless of the form of its course;
erysipelas caused any kind of complication.

Treatment of erysipelas on the leg is necessarily accompanied by antibiotics. To maximize their effect, the doctor must first find out the most effective of them in each specific case. For this purpose, an anamnesis must be collected. Of all the groups of antibiotics, the most commonly used are:

sulfonamides;
macrolides;
tetracyclines;
penicillins.

Treatment is also necessarily accompanied by other means:

Ascorbic acid or ascorutin;
Nicotinic acid and vitamins A and B;
Biostimulants;
Drugs that enhance immunity;
Physiotherapy and cryotherapy.

Treatment with folk remedies

A mild form of erysipelas on the leg is completely curable at home under the supervision of a doctor. Besides medicines Treatment with traditional methods is also acceptable. Typically this is various compresses. The following procedure will lead to relief from erysipelas. Moisten a cloth in cool water (about 22 degrees) and wrap it around your leg on the affected area. Another piece of cloth is placed on top, which must be moistened in water cooled to 16 degrees. After this, the leg is wrapped in dry woolen cloth. After heating, usually after a quarter of an hour, the bandage must be changed.

Many remedies are used to treat erysipelas. Among them are chalk, rye flour, currant and elderberry branches and leaves, cabbage leaves, cottage cheese and even frog caviar. When using any traditional methods consultation with a doctor is required. As a result improper treatment possible dangerous complications which can lead to serious consequences and even death.

Some people prefer prayers for erysipelas on the leg. This is not the most reliable method; in case of illness, consultation with a specialist is mandatory.

Danger of infection

If you get sick, you should remember that erysipelas on the leg is contagious to others. The disease can be transmitted by airborne droplets, through touch or household objects. Therefore, the patient should be in isolation.

Prevention of the disease

To prevent the appearance of erysipelas on the legs, and especially if you are predisposed to the disease, you should follow simple rules:

the wound and any damage to the skin must be disinfected and dirt must not be allowed to enter;
avoid the formation of calluses with uncomfortable shoes;
if a skin disease occurs, begin treatment immediately;
avoid sudden changes in temperature conditions;
be observed by a doctor after suffering from erysipelas for two years.

At the first signs of illness, you should immediately seek help medical care. Timely treatment will prevent the formation of severe forms disease and will not cause difficulties. Treating wounds and any skin lesions is an excellent way to prevent the disease from occurring.

Candidate of Biological Sciences, certified medical specialist on the treatment of erysipelas using traditional methods:

Oct 28, 2016

Erysipelas of the skin (ICD code 10 - A46) is a disease of infectious origin with a bacterial nature, an acute stage and the possibility of transition to chronic form. The main cause of the development of erysipelas is group A hemolytic streptococcus. The pathogen provokes general intoxication, and localized foci of inflammation form on the skin.

What is erysipelas of the leg and its causes

Hemolytic streptococcus causes such common diseases as, for example, sore throat. But not all people who have had it subsequently suffer from inflammatory processes in the skin tissues.

In addition to pathogenic invasion, the reasons for the development of erysipelas on the leg can be:

predisposition to the disease due to weak immunity;
allergy to waste products of a bacterial agent;
skin injuries, severe bruises;
general overheating or hypothermia;
altered mental states, emotional imbalance, stress;
sun, cold or chemical burn.

Is erysipelas on the leg contagious to others? Yes, since the pathogen is transmitted through direct contact with the host, facilitated by microscopic damage to the skin.

With a combination of several unfavorable factors and a weakened immune system, streptococcus will immediately manifest itself. Cases of infection from outside are recorded less frequently. This occurs when using a non-sterile medical instrument or through the lymphogenous route.

Localization of lesions in the ankle area is most common. The inner surface of the thighs, feet or buttocks are less commonly affected by streptococcus.

Signs of the disease

Erysipelas on the leg at the initial stage causes a sharp and causeless increase in body temperature to 40 degrees. In this case, the patient complains of muscle pain and headache, is weakened and lethargic. In the acute stage, attacks of nausea and vomiting, convulsions and obsessive delusions are added to the general symptoms.

What does a erysipelas on a leg look like? A characteristic feature of inflammation is a bright red, sometimes burgundy color of the skin in the affected areas.

Outwardly, it looks like flames spreading along the leg. The lesions have clearly defined boundaries, slightly protruding above the skin. This is the so-called inflammatory shaft.

Patients with bullous-hemorrhagic and erythematous-bullous forms of the disease are admitted to the hospital. Doctors predict long-term non-healing ulcers of a trophic nature as a complication for such patients.

A recurrence of erysipelas is said to occur if the inflammation reappears within 24 months from the moment of previous recovery.

Treatment methods and their effectiveness

Antibiotics

Erysipelas of the leg, the treatment of which is based on eliminating the primary cause of the disease, requires the prescription of a new generation of antibiotics. The first choice drugs are penicillins and cephalosporins. It is to them that streptococcus, which is the causative agent of erysipelas, is most susceptible.

Benzylpenicillin is an antibiotic from the penicillin group used to treat erysipelas.

The course duration of treatment is 7-10 days, depending on the stage of the disease and the presence of concomitant pathologies. Medicines are taken strictly as prescribed, the recommended time interval is maintained.

Clinical assessment of the effectiveness of the therapy is given on the basis of attenuation of the symptoms of localized inflammation, normalization of body temperature, and improvement of general condition. Microbiological assessment of the condition of the skin on the leg is used as instrumental control over the healing process.

Immunomodulators

Toxins cause individual allergic reactions. To prevent negative reactions, desensitization drugs are used. Usually this is Diphenhydramine, which helps reduce the severity of allergic manifestations.

Immunomodulator Taktivin

Immunomodulators are used to stimulate the speed of the immune response to streptococcus. In prescriptions you can find “Tactivin”, “Timalin”, “Dekalis”.

In the presence of concomitant systemic or chronic diseases, the treatment regimen includes antistreptococcal serum or a complex of toxoids.

Ointments and creams

Erysipelas on the leg also requires treatment with local medications. External remedies give lasting results, since creams and ointments are applied directly to the area of skin affected by streptococcus.

For example, chlorethyl lotions provide a cooling effect, which in the first few days of the acute period can reduce the intensity of pain. At the same time, it is recommended to apply bandages soaked in an antiseptic solution. The drug is designed to cause the death of the streptococcal pathogen and stop the process of activation of secondary pathogenic flora, which aggravates the clinical picture of erysipelas.

Physiotherapy

Antibiotics for erysipelas will not be able to fully help if the patient ignores the physiotherapist’s prescriptions. To restore skin and soft tissues, impaired metabolism should be normalized.

Physiotherapy can reduce the number of relapses of erysipelas, and then completely cure.

Only pathologically changed areas of the skin can be irradiated. In case of a migratory form of erysipelas, the issue of irradiation of the entire surface of the leg is considered.

For patients with a recurrent type of disease, other physiotherapeutic methods of treatment are also indicated, for example, paraffin and ozokerite therapy. The effect of these procedures is based on heat, which helps stop the proliferation of streptococcus. Microcirculation also improves, due to which immunocompetent cells that actively work in the source of inflammation are delivered to the affected area.

In the acute period, hydrocortisone is prescribed (phono- and electrophoresis). This product has an anti-inflammatory effect.

How to treat erysipelas on the leg , if an abscess developed at the site of the lesion or phlegmon appeared? In this case, the patient is transferred to the surgical department, where, under local anesthesia, the doctor opens the abscess, removes the pus and installs drainage for its subsequent outflow. In this way purulent intoxication is prevented.

Treatment at home

Treatment of erysipelas of the leg at home is possible, but official medicine does not recommend resorting to such remedies without consultation with an infectious disease specialist and preliminary diagnosis.

Some recipe books provide recommendations for use. cabbage leaf, beaten to a pulp.

If the location of the lesions allows, then bandages soaked in compounds according to the following recipe can be applied to the affected leg:

Crushed juniper berries (2 tablespoons), add 0.5 liters of boiling water and boil over high heat for 3 to 5 minutes. After which the broth is cooled naturally and infuses for 2-3 hours. The bandage is soaked, wrung out well and applied to the sore skin. They change it four times a day.
Chaga tincture, eucalyptus decoction and anti-inflammatory collection are used according to the same principle. All these components are purchased at the pharmacy kiosk.
Prepare your own infusion from equal proportions of inflorescences pharmaceutical chamomile, herbs St. John's wort, oregano and sage. The bandage should fit tightly around the leg, and a second layer of gauze soaked in brine (1 teaspoon of table salt per 250 ml of water) is wrapped on top. The dressings should be changed three times a day, and the skin of the leg should rest for at least an hour between procedures.

Treatment with folk remedies for oral administration:

Three times a day and in the amount of one dessert spoon use an infusion of chamomile inflorescences, ground leaves of coltsfoot, with the addition of fresh honey;
The herbal infusion can also consist of equal parts of eucalyptus leaves, nettle greens, calamus root, licorice, burnet, cudweed, oregano and yarrow. Add a glass of boiling water to 10-15 g of collection, let it brew and drink 50 ml four times a day. In the same decoction you can moisten bandages for external use.
“Silver Water” is sold in herbal stores and pharmacies; it is used to replace part of the daily portion of liquid, simply by drinking it instead of tea.

Attempts self-treatment, however, as well as expectations of spontaneous healing of lesions, can lead to aggravation of the situation, provoking complications such as severe intoxication, skin necrosis, loss of sensitivity and impaired functionality of the limb. All prescriptions must be made by a doctor.

Erysipelas is treated by two specialists - an infectious disease specialist and a surgeon. Conservative methods Therapy does not always help, so getting rid of erysipelas on the leg is not so easy.

Complex treatment reduces the likelihood of relapse and prevents irreversible changes in the structure of the skin and soft tissues.

Erysipelas is a dangerous disease that affects the facial surface, scalp, upper and lower extremities. It is accompanied by the appearance unpleasant symptoms in the patient and psychological discomfort. In addition, it is very contagious, since a sick person is dangerous to the people around him.

The most unpleasant form of the disease is the appearance of erysipelas in the legs. Because of it, a person loses the ability to move normally. Only timely appeal Seeing a specialist will help you quickly cure the disease.

About erysipelas of the leg, the reasons for its appearance and typical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment will be discussed further.

He is skin disease infectious nature. It is characterized by limited redness of the skin at the site of the lesion. Erysipelas begins with the penetration of streptococcal bacteria into the body. They live in abundance in environment. Penetration of bacteria occurs in the following ways:

through an insect bite;
through a wound caused by a leg injury;
through a scratch.

Also, cutaneous or erysipelas inflammation of the skin of the legs often appears in citizens who spend a long time outdoors. This category includes:

builders;
people working in agriculture and the chemical industry;
employees wear boots for a long time. These include mechanics, miners;
metallurgical plant workers.

Remember that a weakened immune system creates favorable environment in the human body for streptococcal bacteria to penetrate and develop infection. If a person strong immunity, then the bacteria will be in his body in an inactive stage.

Thus, the question arises: is it possible to wash with a person with erysipelas of the leg? Doctors note that you should not take a shower with such a person.

Is erysipelas of the leg contagious? Doctors note that this disease is highly contagious. If one of the family members has been diagnosed with erysipelas, then the rest of the family members must follow certain safety measures: carry out all procedures only with gloves and after carrying out manipulations it is recommended to wash your hands with soap. In addition, the patient is required to buy his own dishes and linen.

Which doctor treats erysipelas of the leg? Initially, you should see a surgeon. Additionally, he is sent for a consultation with a dermatologist.

Causes of erysipelas of the legs

The first signs of erysipelas of the leg appear against the background of the appearance of an abscess, boil, carbuncle, or purulent wound.

Additional reasons for the appearance of erysipelas of the leg include the occurrence of such ailments as:

foot fungus and thrombophlebitis;
diabetes and varicose veins;
an allergic reaction accompanied by destruction of the skin by infection.

Doctors name several factors that can lead to a person developing erysipelas. This:

obesity;
development of malignant tumors;
diseases in internal and ENT organs;
metabolic and lymph flow disorders;
a sharp decrease in immunity;
long-term use of medications that negatively affect the immune system;
elderly age;
poor circulation in the legs;
long-term consumption of alcoholic beverages and smoking tobacco products.

Often, bacterial cells of the streptococcus group live in the body of patients who suffer from chronic streptococcal tonsillitis and caries. Under the influence of certain factors, they can enter the active stage.

Doctors believe that sudden temperature changes reduce the activity of the immune system. Long exposure to the sun can provoke the development of this disease. Not last place Stress plays a role in the onset of illness.

Symptoms of erysipelas of the leg

The first signs of erysipelas are manifested by the patient's leg swelling.

The spread of the inflammatory process in erysipelas of the leg is accompanied by the following symptoms:

increased temperature;
weakness and pain in the head;
damage to nearby vessels and joints;
the skin surface acquires a red tint;
the appearance on the leg of several affected areas of similar size.

The presence of severe intoxication in a person is accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

With the development of severe erysipelas, the patient becomes confused and often suffers from convulsions. He loses consciousness and faints.

The severe stage of the disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

the temperature rises to 40, distension occurs;
lymph nodes become excessively enlarged;
pain, itching, swelling occurs;
appears frequent nausea, burning, intestinal function is disrupted.

Doctors note that there are several types of this disease:

Erythematous. With it, the affected area has clear boundaries and a bright red color.
Erythematous-hemorrhagic. The affected area not only has a red color, but several pinpoint hemorrhages. Such points indicate that the capillaries have been affected.
Erythematous-bullous. This stage characterized by stratification of the upper layers of the epidermis and the formation of blisters. The liquid in such bubbles contains a large number of streptococcal bacteria, so the patient needs to treat them with an antiseptic. Bursting bubbles take a long time to pass, and a crust forms in their place.
Bullous-hemorrhagic. With it, the blisters contain fluid mixed with blood.
Gangrenous. With it, necrosis appears on the surface of the skin.

This disease has several stages, depending on its severity. Inflammation occurs:

Light. With it, the lesion affects small areas, and the body temperature is 38.5 degrees.
Medium-heavy. Several affected areas form on the patient’s body; the body temperature remains about 40 degrees, but this lasts about 1 week.
Heavy. With it, the affected areas affect the entire body, the body temperature remains at high point a few days. Also during this stage, a person often loses consciousness, he becomes delirious, and the first signs of meningitis appear.

Doctors separately distinguish the wandering form. During it, the disease quickly moves to the neighboring area, and the previous site of the lesion peels off and heals.

Diagnostics

Initially, the doctor interviews the patient: he asks him about when the disease appeared, how long it has lasted and what symptoms it is accompanied by. After this, the doctor examines the affected limb for signs of disease.

Additionally, the patient will need to take a blood test.

To make a more accurate diagnosis, the patient may be referred to a dermatologist and infectious disease specialist. He will also need to submit biomaterial from the affected tissues for histology.

Complications

Doctors note that erysipelas can go away on its own. After the peak of activity, after 14 days, erysipelas subsides and the redness subsides. Swelling of the leg and pigmentation on the affected skin remains for a long time.

During this period, frequent relapses occur:

the patient quickly develops blisters covering the entire body, and the disease immediately becomes severe;
he often suffers from various severe infections.

If treatment for erysipelas of the leg is not carried out, this can lead to complications such as:

kidney diseases;
development of pathology in the cardiovascular system.

Also, the lack of timely treatment of erysipelas of the leg leads to dangerous consequences. These include:

pneumonia and sepsis;
meningitis and rheumatism;
myocarditis and glomerulonephritis;
phlegmon and abscesses;
trophic ulcers and lymphostasis.

How is erysipelas of the legs treated?

Treatment of erysipelas of the leg is based on the use of the following methods:

Remember that ointment for erysipelas of the leg is applied only to cleansed skin. Before application, the skin surface is wiped with Furacillin. It reduces risk reappearance illness and the occurrence of additional infections.

How to treat erysipelas on the leg with medications and other medicinal treatments? Initially, the patient is prescribed medications.

Tablets that treat erysipelas of the leg are:

Claritin. It helps relieve itching.
Nurofen. The product helps lower body temperature and quickly stops the inflammatory process.
Hypothiazide. The medicine helps remove excess liquid from the body and relieves the first signs of intoxication.
Prodigiozan. It helps support immunity.

In addition, immunostimulating agents are prescribed. IN in this case Vitamin complexes and biostimulants are used. They heal wounds and help eliminate signs of intoxication in the body. Doctors usually prescribe group B drugs, which strengthen nerve endings.

At high temperature body, patients are prescribed antipyretic medications: Aspirin, Ibuprofen. In addition, anti-inflammatory drugs are used: Baralgin, Reopirin, Diclofenac.

If there are signs of intoxication of the body for a long time, the patient is given glucose. He is also advised to drink a lot and use diuretics.

If a patient with erysipelas often experiences relapses, then he is prescribed hormonal drugs, mainly Prednidazole.

How else can you treat erysipelas of the leg if antibiotics cannot be used?

The doctor prescribes physiotherapeutic procedures:

irradiation with ultraviolet light, weak current discharges and high-frequency current, laser.

These methods help reduce the occurrence of elephantiasis.

If the patient has disturbances in the lymph flow, he is prescribed ozokerite, magnetic therapy, and electrophoresis with lidase.

If the patient’s illness has reached an acute stage and he often experiences complications, then in this case doctors prescribe surgery. During it, the doctor opens the bladder and removes all its contents outside. Next, the affected area is treated with an antiseptic solution. After the blisters are opened, they are treated with an ointment containing an antibiotic substance, which has an analgesic effect. You should apply this ointment until the wounds are completely healed.

Treatment at home

Recipes traditional medicine in the treatment of erysipelas of the legs, it is used only when permitted by the attending physician.

How to treat erysipelas of the leg at home if traditional methods didn't give the desired result? Here are recipes for using the most effective folk remedies which are used to get rid of erysipelas:

Cooking burnet. To do this, you need to mix 100 grams of liquid and chopped herbs (burnet). The resulting composition is poured with boiling water and boiled for 10 minutes. Next it needs to be cooled. Moisten a cloth with the resulting mixture and apply it to the affected area. Compresses help relieve redness, swelling, itching, and burning. To enhance the effect, doctors recommend wiping the affected areas with herbal tincture and doing this several times a day.
If the patient often experiences relapses, then cottage cheese is used as treatment. It must be applied to the affected area and removed after drying. Cottage cheese helps to avoid complications after treatment, increase the skin restoration process and speed up metabolism. Cottage cheese contains a lot useful elements, nourishing the body and skin vitamin complexes and nutritional elements, which is why it is often used in traditional medicine recipes.
One of the most effective means of getting rid of erysipelas is a black root compress. This plant can be freely purchased at a pharmacy. Before use, the root is crushed and mixed with liquid. The resulting composition should be placed on a cloth and applied to the problem area. Black root helps relieve pain, reduces fever problem area. It is also recommended when answering the question of how to relieve leg swelling due to erysipelas.
To make the composition you need to take one spoon of herbal powder and four spoons of oil. The composition should be applied to the problem area of the skin and wait until it is completely absorbed. Next, the treated area must be treated with an antiseptic.
Nutrition for erysipelas of the leg involves the patient following a strict diet: he needs to drink only water containing lemon or orange juice for several days.
Many patients note that celery can be used to get rid of erysipelas. It must be ground into a paste in a meat grinder. Bandages soaked in this paste should be attached to the affected limb. Celery can be replaced with cabbage, which is also crushed into pulp. The composition lasts for about half an hour.
In order to relieve pain and redness, beans are used. It needs to be crushed into powder. The resulting composition stays on the leg for about half an hour.
Some patients note that they were able to remove the mug with a red rag and chalk. Pour chalk onto a cloth and place it on the damaged area of skin. This fabric removes redness, swelling and reduces body temperature.

Prevention of erysipelas

To reduce the risk of a person developing such a disease as erysipelas of the leg, he needs to carry out preventive procedures:

Do not contact people suffering from erysipelas. If this happens, the person should treat the skin with an antiseptic.
Take measures to strengthen your immunity: manage your time correctly, play sports, avoid stress, be outside more.
In case of chronic streptococcal infections, stop their outbreaks in a timely manner.
Eat only the right food. Remember that hemolytic streptococcal bacteria can live for a long time and be transmitted along with stale food, especially in meat broth.
After getting rid of erysipelas, inject with bicillin.
Maintain foot hygiene: wash them more often, prevent calluses, abrasions, and cuts. It is not recommended to overcool or overheat them.
Carefully monitor your feet and if unpleasant symptoms appear, seek help from a specialist.