Tips on how to rent an apartment. The procedure for mandatory inspection when renting housing. What is called an inventory of property

If you plan to use the apartment for a long time, then by following a few rules you can reduce the risk when renting housing.

1. We check the documents for the apartment. This is worth doing before you pay the fee, so as to immediately reject scammers who rent out someone else’s living space. It is definitely worth seeing the original documents confirming ownership. Keep in mind that they are different for different forms of ownership. The apartment can be: privatized, acquired through a paid purchase and sale transaction, exchange or rental agreement; inherited or received as a gift.

Important! All contracts must be state registered, otherwise they will not have legal force.

2. Pay attention to the composition of the owner’s family. It is worth checking not only the seller’s passport, but also an extract from the house register. Please note that family members have the right to use the apartment.

3. We obtain the consent of the owners. If there is more than one owner of the apartment, then everyone’s written consent is simply necessary. If the housing is not privatized, then the consent of all residents. When renting a room in a communal apartment, in case of protest from neighbors, you should refuse the deal.

4. We conclude a rental agreement. This will help protect your interests if, for example, the rent increases unexpectedly.

5. We take receipts. It will help to avoid misunderstandings when paying.

6. Rights and obligations. You have the right to move your family into the apartment with the consent of the owner, you must vacate the premises at the end of the contract period, and allow the owner to check the condition of the home and its belongings. The owner does not have the right to change the amount of rent without agreement and to evict you before the end of the contract (except for the cases established by Article 687 of the Civil Code).

7. If you don’t have time yourself or are simply afraid of missing out on something, contact realtors. However, there are also underwater ones here. You can end up with an information agency or a dishonest specialist. What should make you suspicious: low rent and service fees; payment before moving into the apartment (professional realtors will take payment after concluding a rental agreement); the manager will provide you with a list of apartments that you need to inspect yourself; The contract states that the company provides information services.

The article will discuss the procedure for renting an apartment. What types of rentals exist, what are the responsibilities of the tenant, and how to rent an apartment so as not to be deceived - further.

Dear readers! The article talks about typical ways to resolve legal issues, but each case is individual. If you want to know how solve exactly your problem- contact a consultant:

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Many people are faced with renting a home. Some people want to rent an apartment for a long time, others - for a few days. What should you pay attention to when renting a home to avoid being scammed?

What you need to know

The minimum period for which you are allowed to rent a house is 1 day (or even a couple of hours), the maximum is 1 year.

Advantages of a rented apartment:

Before renting an apartment, you need to pay attention to the following:

• Only its owner has the right to rent out housing;
• a low price should alert you - this could be a trap for scammers;
• the requirement to pay a deposit for an apartment is an indicator that the tenant may be deceived.

The sequence of actions when renting housing is as follows:

• carefully read the terms of the agreement and check the data in the contract and the hosts’ passport;
• require a receipt for each payment;
• Don’t trust low prices;
• take care of the property of the apartment - in case of damage you will have to pay for it.

You can rent an apartment yourself or through intermediaries. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Information about apartments for rent can be found on the Internet, from newspapers, or from advertisements. When looking for housing, you may encounter the following risks:

In order not to be deceived, when renting a home you need to fill out a number of documents:

Risks cannot be completely avoided; there are chances to minimize them.

Basic Concepts

Types of rental

Housing rentals can be long-term or short-term. In the first case, the agreement is concluded for several months or years.

The advantages of such a rental are:

For short-term rentals, the apartment is rented from 1 day to 1 year. The cost for rent is higher than for long-term.

The legislative framework

The term "lease" was introduced in. The relations of the parties to the lease agreement are also regulated here.

The terms of a short-term rental agreement are described.

In accordance with, the lease agreement must be drawn up in writing in 2 copies. The conditions for renting housing are provided.

provides for mandatory registration of the agreement:

• if the agreement is concluded for a period of 1 year and one of the parties is a legal entity;
• if the agreement provides for the subsequent purchase of housing.

Features of renting housing

Features of renting housing through agencies:

• payment must be made only for those services that have already been provided;
• There is no need to make an advance payment;
• the agent’s details and signature must be on each copy of the agreement;
• carefully study the terms of the contract, sign it only after reading all the points;
• use the services of trusted agencies.

To rent an apartment inexpensively, it is better not to resort to the help of intermediaries. You can look for housing either on your own or through special agencies.

Is an agreement required?

The existence of an agreement is a guarantee for both the homeowner and the tenant. The agreement must indicate:

• personal data of the lessor according to the passport;
• monthly amount;
• housing inspection conditions and frequency;
• apartment delivery date;
• conditions for termination of the contract.

The contract details the location of the housing, the number of rooms, what floor, etc. There is no standard form, it is compiled in any form, in 2 copies.

By mutual agreement, the parties may introduce other conditions and clauses. You can draw up the document by hand or print it.

There is no need to register the agreement. According to the agreement, the tenant and the landlord have rights and obligations that must be fulfilled.

The owner of the property must provide the apartment on time, communications must be normal. The tenant is obliged to pay rent on time and keep the apartment clean.

The agreement may be terminated at any time. The grounds are the emergency condition of the apartment, use of housing for other purposes, damage, non-payment of rent.

Cooperation with the agency

There are both positive and negative aspects to working with realtors. Advantages:

• fast work and considerable experience;
• guarantee of transaction security;
• the rental price is fixed;
• less chance of falling for scammers;
• agents will select the appropriate option;
• saving time.

The disadvantages are the presence of additional payments and commissions. The agent’s responsibilities include finding an apartment for the client, accompanying him to all the apartments he likes, conducting negotiations, and checking the documents of the apartment owners.

When choosing an agency, do not rush; you need to pay attention to the following:

To rent housing with the help of an agency, you will need a passport and an agreement for the provision of services.

How to rent an apartment without being scammed for a day

If you plan to rent an apartment for a day, you need to take into account the following nuances:

To rent an apartment daily, you must do the following:

• clarify with the owner all the subtleties and nuances of the reservation process;
• book in advance;
• study reviews about this apartment;
• Before paying the fee, check the details of the landlord;
• during a meeting with the owner, check his identity using documents;
• rewrite its data.

These tips will help you avoid problems.

In Moscow

The Moscow rental market is full of deception. It is important to know how people cheat when renting an apartment in Moscow, so as not to fall into the hands of scammers.

The first type of deception is the provision of false data by agencies. For a fee, they provide information about apartments for rent, which in fact are either already rented or are not rented at all.

It will not be possible to present a claim to the agency - it was submitted, no one will return the money.

It is important to remember that money for the service is paid after the desired apartment is found. Another type of fraud is that the apartment being rented is the subject of a dispute.

Video: how to rent an apartment correctly

It happens that over time either the real owner of the apartment or his wife comes. The tenant is a participant in the proceedings.

To prevent this, you should check whether the landlord is the sole owner of the property.

Increasing rent is a way to “get rich” from tenants. The landlord may suddenly increase the rent. Residents would prefer to pay the extra money so as not to have to look for housing again.

Scheme of actions for independently searching for an apartment in Moscow:

1. Search for options.
2. Calling the owners of the apartments you like.
3. Home inspection.
4. Negotiation.
5. Conclusion of an agreement.

If you use the services of agencies, you will not be able to save money.

In St. Petersburg

Most people move to a foreign city for study, work or leisure. To do this, they need to find housing.

How to rent an apartment in St. Petersburg without being deceived - this question interests many. There are 2 options - find it yourself or use the services of real estate agencies.

Nowadays there are many agencies offering to rent and rent housing. Intermediaries work with property owners, as well as those wishing to rent it. However, not everyone knows how to rent an apartment correctly. This is exactly what is discussed in the article.

Through an agency

When faced with obtaining real estate for rent for the first time, people usually turn to special companies. It is best to choose an organization based on the recommendation of family or friends. How to rent an apartment through an agency? Professionals must find suitable accommodation, so it is important to set out your requirements.

Then suitable options are selected and appointments are made to view the property. Agency specialists must accompany the client in these cases. And when drawing up an agreement, they conduct all the negotiations. Agency employees provide advice on issues of interest.

A specialist checks property documents. If everything is correct, then a lease agreement is concluded and a transfer and acceptance certificate is drawn up, which contains an inventory of the housing property. Specialist services usually cost 50-100% of the monthly housing price.

Types of fraud

How to rent an apartment correctly so that the transaction is completed according to the law? Here are some common scams to avoid:

1. Photos are not real. Particular attention should be paid to cases of discrepancies between the rental price of housing and its repair. If the pictures show luxury interiors, but the price is average or below market value, then these are probably scammers. They may say that this apartment is rented out and recommend another one. To check whether photos are taken from other sites, matches can be determined using the Google Images service. False advertisements are created to create a customer base.
2. The apartment is fictitious. Care must be taken when filling out contracts. It is important to check all information, even if the transaction is made with the help of a realtor. There are often cases when the addresses recorded in the contract do not exist, and people have to pay rent without housing. In this case, you have the right to terminate the lease agreement unilaterally by sending a letter to the landlord. There are also cases where clients are provided with landlord numbers for a fee, but they do not negotiate or accompany them.
3. Paid inspection. No one can demand money for viewing a property. If this is offered by a realtor, then that is how he earns money, and he is not interested in transactions. Travelers from small towns and villages often fall for these tricks.
4. Secondary housing rental. Tenants may not move or temporarily occupy other persons, nor may they take a deposit, fee, or commission. How to rent an apartment from the owner? You need to check your housing rights documents.
5. Offer to purchase a customer base. Those wishing to rent a property are offered access to an online database of owners. A realtor can convince you that the database is updated every day, but after gaining access to it, it will be discovered that the information is out of date.

On one's own

How to rent an apartment without intermediaries? To do this, you need to look for advertisements from owners, and not from real estate companies. If you like the proposal, you need to make an appointment and inspect the property.

You can search for advertisements in newspapers and on the Internet. They are also posted at bus stops. Although in this case there are also many dangers, many people still do not want to contact realtors.

Pros and cons of hiring without intermediaries

Renting real estate without involving intermediaries has advantages and disadvantages. To determine how to proceed, you need to study all sides of the issue. Self-removal has the following advantages:

1. Savings due to the absence of additional costs for mediation.
2. Joint hiring with friends and splitting the amount of payment.
3. Bargaining with the owner and reducing payment.

All of these points will help you save a large amount of money on getting a rented apartment. But the downside is the risk of fraud. Other disadvantages include:

1. Difficulty finding a suitable apartment.
2. Possibility of conflicts with the landlord.
3. Risk of eviction.
4. Lack of guarantees of rights.

Where to look?

How to rent an apartment correctly, choosing the most suitable one from a variety of options? There are several services that will make your search much easier:

1. Avito and Domofond. This is a rich database of real estate of different types and categories. To get acquainted with the proposed apartments, you need to select the “private” section of the advertisements. You can specify the number of rooms and the desired metro stations. You can set up alerts about new listings.
2. "Yandex.Real Estate". The service allows you to set the maximum number of search conditions. There are few advertisements, but there are often interesting offers.
3. The Locals, “I’ll rent” and other communities on social networks. This is an excellent option for those who want to rent a room. Often such sites charge a fee for access to the database. You can search for advertisements in thematic interest groups.
4. CYANOGEN. This large housing database includes many apartment offers. Intermediaries do not charge a fee for this.

Owner verification

How to rent an apartment yourself and for the first time? To do this, you need to check the legal purity of the property. The owner should request the following documentation:

1. Certificate of ownership.
2. Property rights agreement.
3. Passport.
4. Notarized power of attorney if the transaction is carried out through the owner’s representative.

It is important to check that there are no debts on utility bills. Checking payment receipts and electricity and water meters is carried out before concluding a contract.

Owner's permission

If the property has several owners, then the consent of all is required (upon reaching 14 years of age). The rental agreement must contain the signatures of the owners or the signature of an authorized person who has a special power of attorney.

When renting a room in a communal apartment, you need permission from your neighbors. This is the landlord's concern. He must provide a document confirming the right to use this apartment. This will eliminate potential conflicts.

Agreement

How to rent an apartment without getting scammed? You must check the documentation carefully. The lease agreement must include the following information:

1. Full name and passport details of the owner, tenant.
2. Rent payment.
3. Conditions for changing fees.
4. Number of visits to the owner for inspection.
5. Persons who may live with the tenant.
6. Deadline.
7. Conditions for termination of the contract.
8. Description of housing: address, area, number of rooms.

In each case, the contract is individual; there is no standard form. It is important that it contains the rights and obligations of the parties.

Inventory of property

It indicates the property transferred to the tenant for temporary use. The inventory is an appendix to the contract. It should include furniture, appliances, linen, kitchen utensils, dishes, carpets, etc. If items are lost or damaged that are not listed in the inventory, the owner will not be able to return them.

Meeting your neighbors

How to rent an apartment correctly so that no unforeseen situations arise in the future? You should get to know your neighbors. This way it will be possible to establish whether the housing actually belongs to a specific person. Neighbors can tell you who lived before and how often residents change. If the house is new, you can visit the local housing office and find out the name of the owner, as well as other information of interest.

Rights and obligations of the parties

According to Russian laws, ongoing repairs to the premises, for example, leaking taps, peeling wallpaper or cracked plumbing, are repaired at the expense of the landlord. Therefore, it must be indicated that the elimination of defects in the premises should be carried out at the expense of the owner of the property, for example, through a monthly payment.

If this is not fixed in the contract, then the employer will have to eliminate the shortcomings on his own. The owner can check the condition of the house, but this does not mean that he can come at any time - you need to agree when and how contact will take place.

Rental rules

How to rent an apartment if several suitable options are found? It is important to check the documents and the availability of contact information. The apartment must have an Internet connection: you should find out the rules for paying for this service.

During the inspection of the premises, you need to check the condition of the plumbing and electrical wiring. The main thing is that the plugs are not knocked out with the connection of a minimum set of devices. There should be no cockroaches, bedbugs or other insects in the room.

How to rent an apartment for a long term? When planning a long stay, you need to clarify all the details. There's no need to rush. If any deficiencies have been identified, you should find out at whose expense the repairs and elimination will be carried out. It is important to write down emergency numbers for various problems. The furniture issue needs to be resolved. Since rental prices on the market are unstable, it is undesirable to sign contracts for a long period at a fixed price.

When signing the document, the owner of the premises hands over a set of keys that need to be checked. Typically the contract period is 1 year minus 1 day. This is a short-term rental and reduces the likelihood of co-tenants moving in. To renew the contract, you must sign the agreement one month before the expiration date.

Fresh renovation, cleanliness, a smiling and friendly owner and, most importantly, a very attractive price - all this is by no means a reason for a tenant looking for housing to immediately move into an apartment, much less pay a deposit three months in advance. The RIA Real Estate website has collected five expert tips that will allow you to learn about the intricacies of renting and not be left with your nose, and what’s more, on the street.

Check the documents for the apartment

There are several types of fraudulent activities on the part of landlords that all those who are looking for rental housing should be aware of.

For example, says Maria Baskova, head of the rental department of the ABC Zhilya company, in rental relations there is such a thing as subleasing of housing - when the tenant rents out the apartment to third parties, of course, without informing the owner. According to the agency's interlocutor, in this case the fraudster rents an apartment by the day, say, for seven days. During this time, he manages to resell it to several employers at a price significantly lower than the market price, but, having received an advance payment for several months, disappears. Failed apartment tenants are left without money and without housing.

The means of “self-defense” in this case are quite banal and simple. In order not to fall for a scammer, before paying money, make sure that the apartment belongs to the owner, insists Vadim Cherdantsev, senior lawyer of the Land. Real Estate. Construction practice of the Cliff law firm. "Such information can be obtained on the basis of an extract from the Unified State Register of Rights to Real Estate. To obtain it, you need to submit a corresponding request to the territorial division of the Office of the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography or (Rosreestr), pay 200 rubles of state duty and wait only 5 days. In Moscow, you can also contact a multifunctional center; they are available in every district. Any citizen can request an extract," explains the lawyer.

When renting an apartment, the tenant also has the right to demand a passport from the owner, and, after checking the documents for the apartment, enter into a rental agreement with the owner of the apartment, which must specify the main wishes, requirements and responsibilities of the parties, adds Baskova. And, of course, you only need to give money against a receipt, she emphasizes.

How to properly draw up a rental agreement. Advice >>>

Specify the rental period in the contract

“In the spring-summer period, with the appearance of seasonal apartments on the rental market, there are owners who give out the rental of their seasonal apartment for an apartment that is rented for a long time. As a result, the tenant is forced, after a few months, to look for housing again and move,” leads Baskov is another example of a tenant being deceived.

In order to avoid such an unpleasant situation, you must immediately insist on concluding a written contract indicating the terms of employment.

By the way, Cherdantsev notes, if the term is not reflected in the rental agreement, it is considered to be concluded for five years. After the conclusion of the contract, the owner will no longer be able to simply kick out the tenant and terminate the contract. In case of any disagreement between the parties, the contract is terminated only in court, the lawyer clarifies.

Don't go to view an apartment alone

Be friendly, but keep your distance from the owner

As for the behavior of the employer, according to Baskova, there is no need to invent anything or specially adapt to the landlord, the main thing is to be calm and friendly. “Never react violently to possible changes in the price or rental terms; if you structure the conversation correctly and calmly, the result, as a rule, will be in your favor,” Baskova is convinced.

Gutsu advises the employer to treat the rented apartment as if it were his own, and not be afraid to nail down a shelf or call a plumber again. But what exactly is not needed, in her opinion, is excessive attention, tea parties and gifts to the owner of the apartment. As in any business, in rental relations it is important to show yourself as responsible, diligent, with a good memory, but at the same time “keep your distance,” the realtor notes.

Are you planning to rent your first apartment? Congratulations on your first step towards independent living! Renting an apartment is not as simple as it may seem. When concluding a contract with your landlord, there are many important details to consider so that you can enjoy life in your new home calmly and without unnecessary hassle and financial losses.

Our advice will also be useful to those who have already gotten into trouble when renting an apartment and would like to avoid troubles in the future.

Features of the lease agreement

Tenants should especially note the following points in the agreement:

term of the contract;

methods, amount and terms of payment;

terms and conditions for payment of utility bills, electricity and telephone calls;

an inventory of the property located in the apartment and its condition;

natural wear and tear of the interior and objects in the apartment.

When there is only one owner of a residential premises, this is quite convenient; it is he who will sign the rental agreement, and this procedure can also be performed by his authorized representative (in this case, his powers are certified by a notary). The situation becomes more complicated if there are several owners - such an apartment can be rented out only when everyone who has the right to a share of the property agrees to it, so it is simply impossible to rent out a residential premises without the consent of other owners. Ideally, the agreement should be certified by the signature of each owner or his official representative (let’s say that one of the owners is a minor child, in which case a parent will act on his behalf). But if one of them cannot be personally present at the signing of the contract, the one who is engaged in renting out the apartment can take from him a notarized power of attorney in his name. He can also present the consent of all other owners, which also needs to be notarized.

What to do if the landlord cannot provide all the necessary documents? In this situation, it is best to refuse to deal with him and look for another apartment. Keep in mind: an agreement that does not comply with the law may be declared invalid, and this will cause problems for the tenant.

And one more thing that we often forget: do not forget to think through your actions in advance, immediately decide what will be specified in the contract, and before you sign, be sure to read what you are signing.

Check the owner and documents for the apartment

The most important thing that inexperienced renters often forget is checking the landlord. Ask the owner to show you the passport; it is better to have it as an original rather than a photocopy. Check every page; any mark not required by law will invalidate the passport.

Check the title deed. This is the main document that confirms ownership of real estate. Until 2000, a certificate of home ownership was issued, and from October 1, 2013, instead of a certificate of state registration of rights, an extract from the Unified State Register of Rights (USRE) may be issued.

Don't forget about title documents and other little things

Along with the certificate of registration of ownership and an extract from the Unified State Register, ask the seller to show the title documents for the apartment, that is, the documents by which the seller acquired ownership of the apartment.

There are several types of such documents: certificate of ownership, gift agreement, purchase and sale agreement, certificate of inheritance, certificate of privatization. If the apartment belongs to a housing construction cooperative (HBC), ask the seller for a certificate of the paid share.

Do not confuse these documents with various certificates of legal registration, of inclusion in the register of owners, issued by the BTI, local property management committees and property funds, and other local government bodies. They cannot replace a certificate of ownership and an extract from the Unified State Register.

Be sure to check all documents provided to you for corrections, including the date and registration number. Stamps and signatures must be legible.

In addition to the obvious things (the duration of the contract, the amount of rent, etc.), it makes sense to indicate, for example, the time at which the landlord can visit the apartment, as well as within what period he must notify the tenant about this. In addition, it is always useful, along with the contract, to draw up an act of acceptance and transfer of property indicating the defects, so that the landlord does not make you responsible for a broken TV, fallen-off doors on an old wall, or dented TV that were damaged long before you arrived in this apartment.

Utilities and pets

If, according to the contract, you pay for utilities, be sure to create a separate folder for all checks and receipts - it may come in handy in the event of a conflict. It is highly not recommended to have a pet without the consent of the landlord; some landlords react very negatively to cats and, even more so, to dogs in their living space. In some cases, this may even be a separate clause of the contract, but, in principle, it is possible to agree quite normally in words if you approach the issue correctly.

Receipt for receipt of payment

In addition, experts recommend that when paying rent, take a receipt from the owner of the apartment for receipt of money, so that if a conflict situation arises, you can present evidence that there were no violations on your part and you were not left in debt. The receipt must indicate the period for which the payment is made, as well as the amount that you transferred to the tenant. This document must be signed not only by you, but also by the owner of the rented apartment.

Repair and damage to property

There is such a thing as natural wear and tear of an apartment. You are not amorphous creatures moving through the air. If someone lives in an apartment, inevitable processes of obsolescence, wear and tear, erasure, etc. occur. However, rent is income with inherent risks and costs. Therefore, you need to pay for damaged property, but not for normal wear and tear, unless this is specifically stated in the contract.

Don’t be embarrassed and discuss such points separately. In most cases, you don’t have to include them in the contract. Do this at least so that later you don’t have to make major repairs or reimburse the cost of those things that were broken or broken before moving in. As we have already mentioned, it is best to draw up an acceptance certificate that describes the apartment and its condition, and specifically indicate valuable items and equipment in order to avoid any possible misunderstandings in this regard.

Third party accommodation

Sometimes it happens that the landlord has an extremely negative attitude towards the fact that other people suddenly appear in the rented living space, even if it is a friend who suddenly arrived on a business trip or a girl/boyfriend he really likes. On the other hand, it also happens that the apartment owner himself may suddenly, in the form of an ultimatum, demand that the tenant agree to tolerate some relative or friend of the apartment owner for a night or two. It is clear that not everyone will like such attacks, so just in case, this can also be written down in the contract in advance.

Landlord visits

The contract must necessarily discuss the issue of possible visits. This will help resolve issues with verification. The usual practice is this: the landlord visits the apartment once a month, coming to collect the rent, having notified the tenant in advance by telephone about his visit.

Some people view a rented apartment as a means of making money, while others are too anxious and fearful and therefore decide that they have the right to visit it at any time and control the life of the tenant. According to the law, the person hiring has every right to demand that the owner of the apartment not come without warning, and especially when there is no one in the apartment.

Let's say you would like the landlord to visit the apartment no more than once a month, and he must notify you of this by phone and no later than three days before the date of the visit. Indicate this in the contract, and if the owner of the living space unexpectedly comes to you, you can remind him that there is a corresponding clause in the contract, and that he is obliged to fulfill it.

How to terminate a contract

Sooner or later you will have to move out of your rented apartment. How to terminate a contract correctly? The simplest option is to move out of the housing upon expiration of its validity period, when the tenant is obliged to vacate the living space he occupies by the time specified in the document.

If we are talking about early termination, then options are possible. For example, if the initiator of early termination is the owner, then you can indicate in the contract that in these circumstances he must at least partially reimburse the tenant for the amount he spent on finding housing.

If money was paid in advance, the landlord will have to return it to the tenant. If the tenant himself wishes to terminate the contract early, then the deposit, of course, will remain with the owner of the residential premises.