Eye diseases blepharoconjunctivitis with glaucoma. Medications: drops, ointments - photo gallery. Video from our specialist about the disease

The term “blepharoconjunctivitis” is a combined diagnosis, which is very common in ophthalmology and indicates an inflammatory process in both the eyelids and the conjunctiva. There is no need to explain what “eyelids” are: there is a mirror in every home. Conjunctiva - thin transparent mucous membrane eyeball; the surfaces of the eyelids adjacent to the cornea are also lined with it. The conjunctiva produces a special liquid secretion, which, as part of the tear fluid, serves to moisturize, cleanse and lubricate the eyeball.

Very high frequency inflammation in this area - and conjunctivitis and blepharitis are the most common reasons for visiting an ophthalmologist - is explained by the complexity and compactness of the structure of the eye, the close interconnectedness of all its components. Indeed, branched branches are concentrated in a very limited area vascular networks blood supply, exits of various glands, places of contact or interface of various functional tissues. Therefore, in almost any pathological process sooner or later adjacent structures are involved - which is what happens with blepharoconjunctivitis. The eyelids simply cannot remain healthy if their inner walls are inflamed, and vice versa: if the superficial skin inflammation on the eyelids it develops at the ciliary border and reaches the border of the inner mucous layer, the process spreads to the conjunctiva.

Depending on the location, blepharitis is divided into angular (angular), anterior marginal and posterior marginal. The first option means inflammation mainly in the corners of the palpebral fissure, the second - damage to the outer walls of the eyelids, the third - deeper inflammation involving the posterior, internal surfaces. It is the tendency to expansion of inflammation that allows the term “marginal blepharitis” to be used as a synonym for blepharoconjunctivitis: inflammation of the conjunctiva in this case is almost inevitable.

Symptoms

Obviously, with combined inflammation, the symptoms will be complex, including a reaction from all affected tissues. Manifestations of blepharoconjunctivitis are varied, unpleasant, and often debilitating; in many cases they stubbornly resist therapy and cause, among other things, severe cosmetic discomfort.

The main, most common symptoms include redness, swelling, cloudiness, unhealthy shine of the eye, noticeable swelling blood vessels; severe hyperemia and swelling of the eyelids (especially at the edges); burning, gritty feeling or foreign body, sometimes pain, heaviness; mucous or mucopurulent discharge varying intensity(depending on the source of inflammation), shrinking into dense, difficult to remove and additionally traumatic crusts; accumulations of flakes and scales of exfoliated epithelium at the ciliary bases; hyperlacrimation (profuse lacrimation), painful sensitivity to the light.

Prognostically unfavorable is that inflammation of the eyelids (i.e., blepharitis) is very characterized by chronification; The same clinical property is also inherent in blepharoconjunctivitis - they often acquire a chronic course and, in general, are difficult to treat. Dangerous enough possible complications: in particular, further distribution inflammatory process on the cornea (which can lead to a significant reduction or even loss of vision) and/or on the glands of the eyelids (chalazion), scarring of the epidermis, disruption or cessation of eyelash growth, etc.

Pathogenic factors (causes)

To date, there is no single, statistically reliable idea of the role and correlation of the main causes of blepharoconjunctivitis. In most sources, blepharoconjunctivitis is divided according to etiopathogenetic criteria into three types.

Infectious, in which different classes of pathogens are characterized by specific features of the clinical picture:

viral inflammations, as a rule, begin acutely, against the background general symptoms ARVI, and are manifested by photophobia, burning, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, pain, lacrimation;
distinctive features bacterial infections there is abundant mucopurulent discharge, beginning in one eye with possible involvement of the other, swelling, redness, in severe cases - ulceration of the eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea;
similar in nature, but, as a rule, less pronounced and much more persistent symptoms are inherent in fungal infections; education is typical various kinds films, “gluing” mucous accumulations, nodules and erosions on the skin of the eyelids.

Allergic reactions usually develop as part of a more general, systemic reaction, and are characterized by irresistible itching (especially along the edge of the eyelids), lacrimation, severe swelling of the eyelids, and violent accompanying symptoms from the nasopharynx.

Seborrheic (dermatic) caused by functional disorders in eyelash follicles and sebaceous glands; manifested by peeling, accumulation of dandruff flakes and scales on the eyelids and eyelashes, itching, a feeling of rough dryness, and a tendency to secondary infection when scratching.

The last factor should be discussed in more detail.

Chronic demodectic blepharoconjunctivitis

Treatment of acute and chronic forms of the disease

Etiopathogenetic therapy is focused on eliminating the pathogenic factor as completely as possible. At viral infections the basis of treatment is measures to strengthen the immune system (drugs containing interferon or stimulating its secretion); for bacterial infections, antibiotics of various spectrums of action are used, in various pharmaceutical forms and dosages (determined by the specificity and sensitivity of the pathogen, prescribed exclusively by a doctor, taken and discontinued only under medical supervision); for fungal infections - antimycotic ointments, drops, etc.

Allergic inflammation requires suppression of sensitivity to the allergen (if it cannot be radically excluded from the living space), i.e. prescribing a desensitizing and antihistamine regimen, often with the inclusion of hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Additionally, according to indications, various moisturizing, soothing, anti-inflammatory drugs can be prescribed, incl. decoctions of chamomile, calendula, sage, tea.

Taking into account the above, most effective treatment blepharoconjunctivitis is its prevention: timely elimination of foci of infection and exacerbations of somatic or endocrine pathology, compliance with sanitary, hygienic and ergonomic standards, improving the diet, giving up destructive habits and self-medication. At the first signs of inflammation of the eyelids or conjunctiva, you should urgently see a qualified ophthalmologist, because even quite sensible advice pharmacist from the nearest pharmacy or use folk remedies in practice, they often result in dire consequences.

The pathology combines and, that is, the inflammatory process affects both the conjunctiva and the tissues of the eyelids. Simultaneous damage to these areas of the eye occurs due to the fact that they are constantly in contact, and pathogens pass from the mucous membranes to the skin, and vice versa. Most often, blepharoconjunctivitis has infectious nature, develops less frequently due to activity skin mites, autoimmune dysfunctions and allergic reactions.

When asked whether blepharoconjunctivitis is contagious, experts answer in the affirmative - in most cases, the pathology is caused by pathogenic microorganisms that are easily transmitted from a carrier to a healthy person.

Symptoms and signs

Manifestations of blepharoconjunctivitis are divided into local and general. The list of local symptoms that affect exclusively the tissues and structures of the eyes includes:

redness, inflammation and swelling of the eyes (usually the conjunctiva and eyelid margins);
purulent, mucous or serous discharge;
eyelashes sticking together in the morning;
photophobia and lacrimation;
discomfort, burning sensation and foreign objects In eyes;
the appearance of blisters or ulcers on the edges of the eyelids;
pinpoint hemorrhages into the conjunctiva;
“dry eye” syndrome (occurs in the seborrheic type of the disease).

If blepharoconjunctivitis is infectious, local symptoms Fever, headaches, decreased performance, weakness and deterioration in general health may occur.

The characteristics and severity of symptoms depend on the form of the disease and the cause that caused it. In some cases, the pathological process can be practically asymptomatic (the patient feels slight discomfort, which, as a rule, is attributed to overwork), and sometimes begins acutely, with high temperature, severe swelling and redness of the eyes, excruciating pain.

Important: symptoms of bacterial blepharoconjunctivitis depend on the type pathogenic microorganisms who called him. The most severe pathology is that caused by gonococci - it is characterized by cyanosis and severe swelling eyelids, the appearance of bloody secretions, deterioration of vision.

Classification of eye disease

Depending on the factors contributing to the development and clinical course, blepharoconjunctivitis is divided into several types. The pathological process occurs in acute, subacute or chronic form: the first option is characterized by a rapid onset and development, as well as clear symptoms, the second occurs with similar symptoms, but less pronounced, and begins from the corner of the eye.

In the chronic form, periods of remissions and relapses are observed, and exacerbations of the disease occur under the influence of a number of negative factors(hypothermia of the body, decreased immunity, during periods of flowering of herbs and flowers, etc.). Complication chronic course The disease manifests itself in the meibomian form, when the meibomian (sebaceous) glands are involved in the pathological process. The main sign is increased secretion secretion and appearance in affected areas transparent formations, which tend to dissolve after therapy. Chronic blepharoconjunctivitis is the worst to treat - sometimes it bothers the patient for several months or even years.

Based on the reasons that cause the pathology, epidemic (bacterial), seborrheic, viral, allergic and demodectic forms are distinguished, and each of them has its own characteristics and manifestations.

Bacterial blepharoconjunctivitis. The causative agents of this form of the disease are bacteria, most often staphylococci, which live on skin and human mucous membranes, less commonly - pneumococci, gonococci, streptococci, chlamydia, Koch-Wicks bacillus. It manifests itself as redness of the mucous membrane and the formation of purulent mucous “rolls” along the edges of the eyelids.
Seborrheic blepharoconjunctivitis. The pathology develops against the background of complex seborrheic dermatitis or rosacea, a disease of unknown origin, which is a pinkish acne. The main signs are inflammation of the mucous membranes, a feeling of discomfort in the eyes.
Allergic blepharoconjunctivitis. Allergic form The disease provokes hypersensitivity of the body to certain substances. Signs of blepharoconjunctivitis in in this case develop after contact with an allergen, but if a person constantly interacts with it, manifestations of pathology are present regularly.
Viral blepharoconjunctivitis. The inflammatory process is caused by a number of different viruses, usually adenoviruses, the causative agents of simple or genital herpes. The disease begins acutely, with lacrimation, pain syndrome and rashes of small blisters on the mucous membranes and skin.
Demodectic blepharoconjunctivitis. The demodicosis form of pathology develops due to the activation of a mite called mite, which is present in the skin, and under the influence of negative factors begins to actively reproduce. A sign of demodectic conjunctivitis is painful itching, which is especially pronounced in the morning.

For reference: of all forms of blepharoconjunctivitis, the most common is bacterial species diseases in a chronic form - this is due to the fact that pathogenic microorganisms are easily transmitted from person to person, and patients do not consult a doctor for a long time, trying to get rid of the manifestations of the pathology on their own.

Causes and risk factors

The causes of blepharoconjunctivitis are infection with bacteria or viruses, the activity of demodex mites, contact with irritants and allergens, accompanying illnesses skin. The pathogens of the pathological process enter the body after contact with the carrier, through common personal hygiene items or dirty hands. As a rule, the development of the disease is preceded by exposure to negative factors, which include:

decreased immunity, immunodeficiency states;
diseases digestive system;
unbalanced diet, wrong image life, bad habits;
frequent injuries eye;
visual disturbances ( , );
hematopoietic disorders;
multiple carious cavities, especially in fangs upper jaw, which are often called “eye” teeth;
infection of the body with worms;
diseases of the ENT organs;
autoimmune disorders;
long-term use antibiotics.

Blepharoconjunctivitis occurs with equal frequency in both adults and childhood, but children are susceptible to it much more often. This is due to several factors - first of all, to the fact that children often neglect the rules of personal hygiene and are in close contact with each other in a group. Visual and the immune system works poorly in children due to age characteristics, which promotes the active reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms. In adolescents, the provoking factor of the disease is often hormonal surge in the body, during which the glands located on the eyelids begin to work more actively, causing an inflammatory process.

Risk factors for the development of blepharoconjunctivitis in women include eyelash extensions and eyelid tattooing. When using low-quality materials and violating the rules of the procedure, an inflammatory process may develop in the tissues of the eye.

Attention: blepharoconjunctivitis often develops into a chronic form, which can significantly worsen the patient’s quality of life and cause serious complications up to decreased vision.

Treatment Options

To identify the disease, you must consult an ophthalmologist and undergo comprehensive study. The diagnosis is made on the basis of an external examination of the eyes, collecting anamnesis and complaints of the patient, studying the lifestyle, professional activity and allergic predisposition of the patient. If blepharoconjunctivitis is caused by bacterial infection, a smear or scraping of the conjunctiva is performed in order to accurately determine the causative agent of the pathological process and its sensitivity to antibiotics. Treatment of the disease is usually carried out at home - hospitalization is indicated for newborns and children under one year of age with a severe clinical course.

General principles

During treatment for blepharoconjunctivitis, it is necessary to maintain personal hygiene, touch your eyes with your hands as little as possible, regularly wash towels, pillowcases and handkerchiefs, and iron them with a hot iron. In addition, it is recommended to refrain from visiting a sauna or steam bath, using decorative cosmetics And contact lenses, and when leaving the house, protect your eyes from ultraviolet radiation, dust and dirt. If the disease has an allergic etiology, you should review the patient’s diet and lifestyle, and exclude from it all products and substances that can provoke pathological reaction body.

Drug treatment

Treatment of blepharoconjunctivitis is carried out medications that destroy pathogens– bacteria, viruses, or mites, and anti-inflammatory and antiseptic drugs are used to eliminate symptoms.

As a rule, blepharoconjunctivitis develops in both eyes at once, but even if the pathological process affects only one eye, therapeutic procedures it is necessary to carry out not only on the diseased, but also on a healthy organ. To prevent infection from getting from one eye to the other, separate cotton pads or gauze swabs should be used.

To get what you want therapeutic effect, treatment should be comprehensive and long-term, at least 7-10 days. The procedures are performed 2-3 times a day - first you need to rinse your eyes with Furacilin solution or chamomile infusion to eliminate accumulated discharge, and then treat the sore spots with the ointment prescribed by specialists. To increase the effect, antimicrobial therapy is often combined with physiotherapeutic procedures (electrophoresis, UHF, desonvalization, magnetic therapy, etc.), taking vitamin complexes and immunostimulating drugs.

In some cases (in particular, with the seborrheic form of the disease), scales form on the eyes that cannot be eliminated on their own. The patient needs to visit regularly medical institution to remove scales using tweezers under a microscope. In severe cases, in addition to drugs for oral and external use, intramuscular injections and installations (infusions medicines directly to the affected area).

Important: it is strictly not recommended to treat blepharoconjunctivitis on your own - uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs can lead to the development of resistance (resistance) to their effects in pathogenic microorganisms, as a result of which it will be much more difficult to cure the disease.

Folk remedies

Therapy for blepharoconjunctivitis folk recipes can only be carried out in conjunction with treatment prescribed by a doctor, otherwise the patient’s condition may worsen, and the pathological process will become chronic and provoke the development of complications.

Wash the old aloe leaf well, chop it, pour the resulting pulp with a glass of water, and leave for 12 hours. Filter the resulting liquid through a piece of bandage, squeeze out the remainder well, instill 1-2 drops of the infusion into the eyes 2-3 times a day until the symptoms of the disease disappear.
0.5 tbsp. pharmaceutical chamomile and calendula flowers, pour 250 ml of boiling water, leave for 15 minutes, then filter and take 70 g three times a day. You can wash your eyes with the same infusion before using drops and ointments - the product has a pronounced antiseptic and calming effect, due to which the symptoms of blepharoconjunctivitis are reduced.
Take a medium-sized onion, peel, add 0.5 liters of water and simmer over low heat until soft. Add a tablespoon to the resulting liquid natural honey, mix and rinse the eyes at least 5 times a day, the course of treatment is 3-5 days.
A tablespoon of chopped dill or plant seeds (you can use both fresh and dry raw materials), brew a glass of boiling water, leave for 10 minutes, strain and apply lotions to the eyes several times a day, the therapeutic course is 3-5 days.
Pour two tablespoons of rose hips into a glass of water, boil over low heat for 5-6 minutes, leave for about half an hour, then filter. The product has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and has virtually no contraindications, so it can be used without restrictions for eye washing and oral administration.

Attention: in case of blepharoconjunctivitis, it is strictly not recommended to put it in the eyes essential oils or other liquids with high density, as they can lead to blockage of the sebaceous and tear glands, which will cause serious complications.

Prevention of blepharoconjunctivitis

Prevention of the disease consists of maintaining personal hygiene, using high-quality decorative cosmetics and hygiene products, protecting the eyes from mechanical damage, ultraviolet rays, dust and dirt. To avoid infection, do not rub your eyes with dirty hands, give strangers your towels, handkerchiefs and items used for applying makeup (brushes, sponges, etc.).

In addition, it is necessary to promptly eliminate factors that can provoke blepharoconjunctivitis (treat ophthalmological pathologies, diseases digestive tract And hormonal disorders), eat right, take vitamins for vision and regularly undergo preventive examinations at the ophthalmologist. The diet should include fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as foods containing vitamins A and B - carrots, blueberries, fresh herbs, nuts.

Blepharoconjunctivitis is a serious disease that can lead to a deterioration in the quality of life and deterioration of vision, therefore, when the first symptoms appear, you should not self-medicate, but consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Almost every person has encountered a disease such as conjunctivitis at least once in their life. There is a burning and itching sensation in the eyes, tears are constantly flowing. Without adequate treatment The eyelids are involved in the inflammatory process, and blepharoconjunctivitis develops.

What is the disease: features of acute, subacute and chronic forms

Blepharoconjunctivitis is an inflammation of the eyelids and the mucous membrane of the eye (conjunctiva). Both children and adults are affected equally.

Conjunctivitis that develops simultaneously with blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids) is called blepharoconjunctivitis

In a child, the disease mainly occurs against the background of another pathology (flu, cold), and in an adult it occurs as an independent lesion. Depending on the course of blepharoconjunctivitis, the following forms are distinguished:

Acute - begins suddenly, symptoms are pronounced, lasts from 1 to 2–3 weeks.
Subacute - similar to acute form, But clinical picture appears to a lesser extent.
Chronic - symptoms either disappear or appear again. The eyes get tired quickly, and vision deteriorates at the end of the day. The development of the disease occurs gradually, the process is quite long.

How to prevent complications with conjunctivitis - video

Causes of blepharoconjunctivitis

There are many causes of the disease. These are various bacteria, mites, viruses, allergic agents. Risk factors include:

eye injuries;
hypothermia;
overheating;
eye strain;
hypovitaminosis;
decreased body resistance (immunity);
presence of acne;
astigmatism (disorders of the shape of the lens, cornea or the eye itself);
myopia (nearsightedness).

Types of pathology: seborrheic, demodectic, viral blepharoconjunctivitis and others

Depending on what triggered the inflammation, blepharoconjunctivitis is divided into several types:

Symptoms differ depending on the etiology of inflammation, but basically the clinical picture is similar:

Upon inspection:

The mucous membrane is red, with a pattern of capillaries (scleral injection).
The skin of the eyelids is also hyperemic and swollen.
There is severe lacrimation.
Sometimes there is loss of eyelashes.
The eyes are covered with a film - a membrane or pseudo-membrane. The first is easily separated from the sclera, but the second cannot be removed without causing severe pain to the person.

The general condition of the patient is rarely disturbed, but there is a slight increase in body temperature, weakness, fast fatiguability, headache.

Establishing diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on a thorough history taking, for example, the ophthalmologist asks:

didn't a person have to Lately become hypothermic or overheated;
whether the patient had any viral diseases;
have had contact with people who had conjunctivitis or blepharitis.

Anamnesis allows you to correctly interpret objective research data and determine the nature of the process

Additional research is being carried out:

in case of bacterial infection, the pathogen is determined by culturing the discharge from the eye;
if the cause of the disease is a mite, it can be seen on the eyelashes;
in case of the allergic nature of blepharoconjunctivitis, the irritant is detected using allergy tests;
appointed clinical analysis blood.

Ways to get rid of the disease

Before using any medications, you should consult your ophthalmologist. Correct, competent treatment Only a specialist can prescribe. The choice of medications depends on the type of blepharoconjunctivitis, since first of all it is necessary to influence the etiological factor.

It should be remembered that blepharoconjunctivitis is contagious, so it is important to adhere to good hygiene. In addition, you should regularly clean your eyes using a cotton pad soaked in an antibacterial solution.

Treatment for bacterial inflammation

The cause of the disease is bacteria, so main role in treatment are taken away antibacterial drugs- ointments and drops. Local application, that is, directly to the lesion.

Levofloxacin (solution). Instill into the eye every 2 hours for 2 days; in subsequent days of illness, the drug should be used once every 4 hours.
Levomycetin (drops). Apply 3 times a day. Average rate treatment - 10 days.
Erythromycin (ointment). Place behind the eyelid 2-3 times a day. The course is quite long - 1–2 months.
Tetracycline eye ointment. Use 3-4 times a day, no more than two weeks (depending on the degree of damage).

Medicines for ticks

To combat demodectic blepharoconjunctivitis, the following medications are used:

1% mercury ointment ( antiseptic). The dosage regimen should be selected by a specialist, as it depends on many factors.
10% sulfapyridazine sodium (solution). Instill in the morning and evening. The course of treatment is 30 days.
Glycodem (cream). Apply only to eyelashes and eyelids. Use with caution, avoid contact with the mucous membrane of the eyes.

Treatment of allergic blepharoconjunctivitis

The main condition of therapy is the identification and destruction of the allergen. Medications include antihistamine tablets (oral) and antiallergic drugs for local application in ophthalmology:

Opatanol (drops). Apply 2 times a day with an interval of 8 hours. If necessary, treatment lasts up to 4 months.
Lecrolin (drops). Use 4 times a day until symptoms disappear.
Diazolin or Suprastin (H1-histamine receptor blockers). Take 1-3 times a day. Therapy is considered complete after the symptoms of the disease disappear.

Fighting viral eye infections

For this form of the disease, the main group of drugs are antiviral:

Bonafton (0.05% ointment). Apply behind the eyelids 3-4 times a day. To enhance the effect, it is used in combination with the tablet form.
Okoferon is available in powder form for preparing a solution. Buried every 2 hours for no more than 7–10 days.
Acyclovir (ointment). Placed in the lower conjunctival sac 5–6 times a day. Treatment continues until symptoms disappear completely.

General therapy

To relieve swelling of the eyelids, corticosteroid medications are used:

Hydrocortisone ointment;
Dexamethasone drops.

To improve the separation of tear fluid, use vasoconstrictor drops into the nose:

If a patient complains of dry eyes, the following will help moisturize and protect the cornea:

Hilo Chest of Drawers.

Use as needed, but no more than 4 times a day.

To speed up the healing process, ophthalmologists recommend the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:

Diklo-F (solution);

The dose and duration of use are selected individually by the doctor.

Medications: drops, ointments - photo gallery

Acyclovir - antiviral eye ointment, placed behind the lower eyelid Levomycetin - antibacterial drops Opatanol is used for allergic blepharoconjunctivitis Hydrocortisone ointment relieves swelling of the eyelids
Oftolik moisturizes and protects the cornea Indocollir accelerates the healing process Glycodem is used to combat demodectic blepharoconjunctivitis

Traditional medicine

Except traditional therapy, you can also turn to traditional medicine, after consulting with your doctor. Mostly lotions used at home are:

With a paste of fresh bird cherry berries.
Based on cool tea leaves.
With rosehip decoction. To prepare the product:
- pour 2 tsp. rosehip berries (can be dried) 200 ml boiling water;
- simmer over low heat for 10 minutes;
- leave (no more than 30 minutes);
- strain and apply cotton wool soaked in the broth to your eyes.
WITH dill water(sold in every pharmacy).
With infusion of eyebright:
- add 2 tbsp to 0.5 liters of boiling water. l. dried eyebright, cover tightly with a lid;
- let it sit for at least an hour;
- strain and use the resulting product to rinse your eyes and make lotions.
Based on plantain or willow. Apply a bandage soaked in plant juice to your eyes.

Eye washes

Rinse your eyes with an infusion of bay leaves for a week:
- Pour a glass of boiling water over a few leaves;
- let stand for 2 hours, then strain;
- Store the infusion in the refrigerator for no more than 3 days.
Dissolve 2-3 drops of lemon juice in 200 ml of water. Rinse your eyes with the resulting liquid 2 times a day.

Aloe. Instill 1 drop of plant juice at night for 5 days.
Honey:
- in glass hot water dissolve 1 tsp. honey and cool;
- instill 1 drop 2 times a day. At first there is a burning sensation in the eyes, which quickly passes.

For the purpose of not only treatment, but also prevention, it is useful:

Pour a glass of boiling water over a teaspoon of a mixture of dried chamomile and calendula flowers, and strain after steeping. Take 50–70 ml orally three times a day.
Eat 40 grams of fresh or frozen black currants daily.
Before going to bed, lubricate the edges of the eyelids with burdock oil.

Folk remedies - photo gallery

The tea leaves contain tannins, which help in the fight against conjunctivitis

Bird cherry has long been known for its antiseptic effect.

Infusion bay leaf relieves inflammation

Consequences and complications

If you ignore the symptoms and do not consult a doctor in a timely manner, but, on the contrary, self-medicate, unpleasant and severe consequences. In addition, the likelihood of blepharoconjunctivitis becoming chronic, as well as the development of otitis media, meningitis and even sepsis, increases. In particular serious cases vision decreases down to its total loss. Complications such as sepsis or meningitis can lead to death.

Rules to help you avoid getting sick

No one is protected from the disease, but you can minimize the risk of its occurrence by following these simple rules:

do not overcool or overheat;
avoid contact with the allergen;
do not touch your face and eyes with dirty hands;
use disposable napkins;
wash your hands with soap, especially after coming from outside;
do not use other people's towels, scarves, pillows, etc.;
Don't overstrain your eyes.

We need to take care of our eyes, because it is thanks to them that we receive most of the information from the world around us. At the first manifestations of the disease, you must urgently consult an ophthalmologist. It is important to strictly follow the specialist’s recommendations and not self-medicate. If you do not violate the regime, carry out hygiene procedures, take medications on time, then the prognosis of the disease is favorable. The pathology can be cured completely. And in order not to run to doctors, most often it is enough to simply follow preventive measures.

Anyone can experience eye diseases. We all periodically rub our faces with dirty hands, sometimes we are negligent about our health and do not go to the doctors when we encounter the onset of a particular disease. Therefore, anyone can become a victim of blepharoconjunctivitis, and according to statistics, this diagnosis is made to 45–70% of ophthalmologist patients every year.

Features of the disease

Blepharoconjunctivitis is a disease in which inflammation of the eyelids (blepharitis) and conjunctiva (conjunctivitis) occurs simultaneously. Since in most cases the pathology is of an infectious nature, it is considered quite contagious.

Blepharoconjunctivitis of the left eye

The pathology can occur in acute and chronic forms, although the second is more often diagnosed. This is largely due to the fact that people are in no hurry to contact doctors at the first signs of pathology and often self-medicate. In adults and children, the disease occurs with approximately equal frequency and manifests itself in the same way.

Types of disease and causes

Contribute to the development of blepharoconjunctivitis:

astigmatism;
transfer infectious diseases;
microtrauma of the conjunctiva;
myopia;
deficiency of vitamins and minerals;
decreased immunity as a result of hypothermia, chemotherapy.

In most cases, it is a consequence of the progression of conjunctivitis, which can occur with self-medication, early cessation of use of medications prescribed by a doctor, and violation of the rules for caring for inflamed eyes. After all, the eyelids and conjunctiva are located in close proximity and are constantly in contact, so the infection spreads easily.

Bacterial (epidemic)

The causative agents may be:

pneumococci;
staphylococci;
chlamydia;
streptococci;
gonococci;
Koch-Wicks stick;
Morax-Axenfeld wand.

Nevertheless, in most cases, the development of the disease is provoked by staphylococci, which normally live constantly on the skin and mucous membranes of every person. They get the opportunity to actively reproduce with a decrease in local immunity, which can be caused by blepharitis, that is, minor inflammation of the eyelids.

Seborrheic (dermatic)

This form of pathology usually develops against the background of:

Severe seborrheic dermatitis, which is characterized by dysfunction sebaceous glands, that leads to high fat content scalp.
Rosacea - acne, having a pronounced pink color.

Rosacea often becomes a predisposing factor for the development of blepharoconjunctivitis

Allergic

Allergies are a very common phenomenon today. Sometimes it can manifest itself as symptoms of blepharoconjunctivitis, but, as in other cases, its development is provoked by increased sensitivity body to certain substances. In such cases, signs of inflammation appear soon after contact with the allergen and gradually disappear when it stops. But if the body is overly sensitive to substances with which a person regularly interacts, for example, plant pollen, components household chemicals or cosmetics, symptoms of the disease may be constantly present.

Demodectic

Approximately 90% of people are infected with Demodex mites, but most of them do not even know it.

There are more than 60 species of Demodex mites

Viral

Many different viruses can provoke inflammation of the conjunctiva and eyelids. However, the most common infections are:

adenoviruses;
herpes simplex virus;
genital herpes virus.

Symptoms and signs

Regardless of what caused the development of blepharoconjunctivitis, patients have:

severe swelling of the eyelids;
redness of the conjunctiva and adjacent tissues;
photophobia;
lacrimation;
the formation of purulent mucous discharge of varying thickness.

When the pathology is bacterial in nature, people are annoyed by:

redness of the eyes;
formation of a “collar” of acne at the roots of the eyelashes;
sticking of the eyelids, especially in the morning, due to the secretion of thick purulent mucous secretion and its drying;
loss of eyelashes in clumps.

With seborrheic appearance, the following come to the fore:

swelling and redness of eye tissue;
burning sensation;
profuse lacrimation.

The intensity of the symptoms of the disease may increase after eating spicy foods.

With viral, allergic and demodectic blepharoconjunctivitis, patients suffer more from itching and profuse discharge.

Diagnostics

Pathology can only be identified based on appearance patient, but to accurately determine its nature, you need to additionally:

bacteriological examination of a smear for the presence of bacteria;
studying erosion prints allows us to exclude the possibility of cancer development;
microscopic examination of eyelashes to identify demodex mites (7-10 hairs are taken from both eyelids for analysis).

Treatment

The nature of therapy depends on the type of blepharoconjunctivitis and individual characteristics patient. Therefore, choose wisely the necessary medicines Only a professional doctor can.

Sometimes treatment of a disease, especially seborrheic, is carried out under the supervision of not only an ophthalmologist, but also a dermatologist.

To avoid infecting others, it is recommended that all patients full recovery:

use separate towels, hygiene products, cosmetics, etc.;
avoid close contacts;
Do not touch affected eyes with your hands.

Medication

Treatment is always complex. It includes the use of:

Eye drops and ointments with antibiotics (Tsipromed, Tobrex, Floxal). Indicated for bacterial diseases.
Eye drops with corticosteroids (Garazon, Sofradex, Dexamethasone). They are used to eliminate the severe inflammatory process that often accompanies seborrheic blepharoconjunctivitis.
Antiviral drops and ointments (Poludan, Actipol, Oftalmoferon).
In case of a viral disease, it is strictly forbidden to use any means based on corticosteroids, as this can provoke a significant deterioration in the patient’s condition.
Immunomodulators and immunostimulants (tincture of echinacea, eleutherococcus, ginseng root). Appointed when serious violations immune function and severe systemic pathologies.
Antihistamines. Drugs in this group are indicated exclusively for allergic forms.
Antimicrobial drops, ointments, tablets (Metronidazole). Such drugs are used topically and taken orally for demodicosis form of pathology.

All medications are injected into the conjunctival sac only after the secretions have been removed. IN otherwise the effectiveness of therapy is reduced to a minimum, since active ingredients drugs cannot fully penetrate to their destination.

Rinsing should be done every 2-3 hours

To remove hardened crusts from the eyelids and eyelashes, it is recommended to use gauze swabs soaked in an antiseptic solution. Vata and cotton buds are not used for these purposes.

For demodectic blepharoconjunctivitis, eyelid massage with Demalan and Blefarogel No. 2 cream is additionally prescribed, as well as taking specific homeopathic remedies, active against ticks. To carry out the procedure, you first need to treat the skin with calendula tincture, but so that the product does not get into the eye. As soon as the eyelid is dry, proceed directly to the massage.

The eye is closed.
Rub Demalan cream into the skin with massaging movements, focusing special attention eyelash growth zone.
The manipulation is repeated twice a day for 20 days.
Take a break for 2 weeks.
Repeat the course of procedures, but using Blepharogel No. 2 cream.

The duration of therapy depends on the severity of the inflammatory process and the type of disease. On average it lasts several weeks, but in particularly serious cases it can last for months.

Drugs used to treat bacterial and seborrheic blepharoconjunctivitis - gallery

Oftan-Dexamethasone

Folk remedies

None of the remedies traditional medicine is not able to cope with the disease completely, so they should be used exclusively as an aid and only with the permission of the attending physician. Usually, ophthalmologists do not object to washing the eyes with decoctions and infusions prepared from chamomile and calendula flowers.

The eye wash is prepared as follows:

Take ½ tbsp. l. chamomile and calendula flowers.
Pour a glass of boiling water.
Leave to infuse for 15 minutes.
Strain.

The resulting infusion can also be taken orally three times a day, 70 ml, and made into baths and lotions.

Baths can be made using special devices or using any small containers available in the house, for example, measuring cups

Possible consequences and complications

If the patient consults a doctor when the first signs of the disease appear, the likelihood of a complete recovery is quite high. But if you delay or try to self-medicate, blepharoconjunctivitis often becomes chronic and recurs at the slightest deterioration in the functioning of the immune system.

IN severe cases the disease threatens:

ulcerative changes in the cornea of the eye;
trichiasis, that is, impaired eyelash growth;
cicatricial deformation of the eyelid;
keratitis - inflammation and clouding of the cornea;
chalazion - inflammation of the pericillary gland;
decreased visual acuity up to complete loss.

Prevention measures

Avoiding the development of pathology is much easier than treating it later. For this it is enough:

avoid eye strain;
change contact lenses promptly;
apply for qualified medical care when any disorders occur in the body, especially when acne or seborrhea occurs;
reduce consumption of fatty and spicy foods.

Thus, blepharoconjunctivitis is serious illness, treatment of which must be carried out under the supervision of an ophthalmologist. Otherwise, the pathology can lead to irreversible consequences and the need for surgical intervention.

Many people have experienced pain in the eyes, watery eyes are symptoms of . But its complication is often encountered - blepharoconjunctivitis. Every person values their vision, so timely detection and treatment eye diseases make it possible to preserve it in its original form. What is blepharoconjunctivitis? Let's figure it out.

With conjunctivitis, there is a burning and pain in the eyes, lacrimation, but when the eyelids are included in this process, it is formed blepharoconjunctivitis. The clinical picture is a set of symptoms characterizing (eyelid hyperemia) and conjunctivitis. When these symptoms come together, treatment becomes quite difficult.

The risk zone includes both children and adults.

Disease has several forms of occurrence:

Spicy, characterized by occurrence in a short time.
Subacute. It mainly affects children. Appears gradually in initial period in the corners of the eye sockets.
Chronic. The infection is of a sluggish nature, aggravated by periods. Sometimes without symptoms.

Causes and types

Blepharoconjunctivitis has several types:

Bacterial. Pathogen – Staphylococcus aureus. Purulent discharge appears from the eyes large quantities. When one organ is affected, most often the second is involved in the disease process if the infection cannot be eliminated immediately.
Scaly(seborrheic). Scales similar to dandruff appear on the edges of the eyelids.
Allergic. Reaction to interaction with any allergens.
Meibomian blepharoconjunctivitis. Characteristically, there is a secretion from the meibomian glands that glues the eyelids together and has an opaque appearance.
Demodectic. It is a consequence of infection with demodectic mites.
Viral. The main cause of occurrence is the presence or adenovirus infection. May appear after undergoing viral disease or during it. It can be observed in childhood.

Factors that contribute to the appearance and development of blepharoconjunctivitis:

weakened immune system;
unbalanced diet (consumption of foods low in vitamins);
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, ENT organs;
allergy;
anemia;
myopia, eye injuries;
the presence of worms;
recurring viral infections;
long-term use of antibacterial drugs.

Symptoms

Manifestations of the disease vary so much that a person cannot independently determine what type of illness he has. Therefore, if you have the slightest concern in the eye area that lasts for more than three days, you need to seek qualified help from a specialist (ophthalmologist).

Symptoms of blepharoconjunctivitis are determined depending on its type. Common signs, uniting each type of disease, are considered:

swelling of the eyelids;
lacrimation;
reduced eye shape;
red eyes, photophobia;
thickening of blood vessels;
eye fatigue .

Each blephoroconjunctivitis has its own characteristics, regardless of the general symptoms :

Bacterial species characterized by the emergence ulcers at the base of the eyelids and copious discharge pus, slight redness.
Seborrheic - characterized by constant strong burning sensation and redness(proteins and conjunctiva) in the eyes , The edges of the eyelids are peeling.
Allergic – manifests itself in the presence of an allergen. Patients have a strong eyes water, eyelids swell, itching.
Viral - accompanied by severe redness, lacrimation, body hyperthermia may be observed.
With Meibovian blepharoconjunctivitis, a cluster is added dedicated opaque secret in the corners of the eyes, with demodicosis - scales located between the eyelashes.

Diagnostics

The doctor can make a diagnosis during examination of the patient, but it is possible to clarify it additional diagnostics, including:

smear on the flora;
scraping to identify sensitivity to the use of antibiotics (from the eyelid) or the presence of mites (from the eyelashes);
blood test.

Treatment

Blepharoconjunctivitis is treated local way. For viral blepharoconjunctivitis, drugs are prescribed in the form of drops Aktipol, Poludan, tablets Acyclovir, having antiviral effect. The dosage and duration of use is determined by the patient's condition. Bacterial species requires treatment with antibiotics (Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin), ointment Metronidazole and drops containing Dexamethosone.

Treatment of eyelashes and eyelids with alcohol-based solutions is used for demodectic disease. Eye protection medications are pre-instilled (Ophtagel).

To prevent infection from affecting your face, you should consult a dermatologist.

For all blepharoconjunctivitis, anti-inflammatory drugs are used. They have proven themselves well for restoring damaged eye tissues. ( Taufon, Taurine) A drug can relieve dry eyes Systane Ultra.

In combination with drug therapy possible use, among which we can especially highlight the use of herbal infusions (yarrow, calendula, And chamomile) for washing eyes. You can use a regular one for this purpose. tea leaves. A new gauze pad should be used to rinse each eye.

Possible complications

Neglecting prescribed therapy or engaging in improper self-medication can aggravate the body’s condition and cause unwanted complications:

Transition of the disease into an intractable chronic form.
Damage to deep areas of the organs of vision, fraught with abscesses.
, ulcerations on the cornea, which may result in loss of vision.

Prevention

Methods for preventing the disease come down to compliance simple rules hygiene:

do not touch your eyes with dirty hands, wash them often and thoroughly;
do not use other people’s personal hygiene items;
carry out timely replacement and treatment of contact lenses;
avoid injury to the organs of vision;
If infectious diseases occur, treat them promptly;
Maintain cleanliness and order in the living area.

Blepharoconjunctivitis – insidious disease , in which frequent relapses are possible, therefore, at the first symptoms, you must immediately consult a doctor and strictly follow his recommendations. The disease can only be defeated through the combined efforts of the patient and the doctor.

Video

We invite you to watch a short video from the Moscow Eye Clinic about blepharoconjunctivitis.