Diseases related to the eyes. Diseases of the optic nerve. Eyelid disorders

Damage to the organ of vision. Depending on the cause of the injury, there are mechanical damage eye (the most common), thermal, chemical and radiation. Injuries are divided into superficial and penetrating. Most often, superficial injuries lead to damage to the mucous membranes of the eye, cornea and eyelids. In such cases, after first aid, an antiseptic bandage is applied to the eye and a number of drugs are prescribed: antibiotics, corticosteroids, sanitizing drops, calcium chloride with streptomycin. Penetrating eye injuries are much more severe than superficial injuries, since in the vast majority of cases they lead to loss of the eyeball or irreversible blindness. A special place among eye injuries is given to eye burns. See Eye burn.

(trahoma) is a chronic viral eye disease in which the conjunctiva turns red, thickens, and grayish grains (follicles) are formed, which successively disintegrate and scar. If left untreated, it leads to purulent inflammation of the cornea, ulceration, entropion of the eyelids, formation of a cataract, and blindness. The causative agents of trachoma are chlamydia microorganisms similar to the virus, which multiply in the epithelial cells of the conjunctiva, often forming colonies shrouded in a mantle. The disease is transmitted from diseased eyes to healthy ones through hands and objects (handkerchief, towel, etc.) contaminated with secretions (pus, mucus, tears), as well as flies. The incubation period is 7–14 days. Usually both eyes are affected. Treatment: antibiotics, sulfonamides, etc.; for trichiasis and some other complications and consequences - surgical. The incidence of trachoma is determined by social factors: economic and cultural level, and sanitary and hygienic living conditions of the population. Largest number patients are observed in Asian and African countries.

(uveitis) - inflammation of the iris, choroid and ciliary body of the eye. There is anterior uveitis - iridocyclitis and posterior uveitis - choroiditis (leads to a decrease in acuity and a change in the field of vision). Uveitis can be caused by penetrating injuries to the eyeball, perforated ulcer corneas and other eye lesions. There are also endogenous uveitis that occurs when viral diseases, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, rheumatism, focal infection etc. This disease is a common cause of low vision and blindness (about 25%). If you have uveitis, you should urgently consult an ophthalmologist. The main symptoms of the disease are “fog” before the eyes, blurred vision (even complete blindness is possible), redness of the eyes, photophobia and lacrimation. To treat uveitis, the patient is prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs. medications in combination with agents that reduce discomfort and discomfort; in addition, if uveitis is caused by any specific reason, special medications are prescribed in eye drops, injections or tablets, often in combination with other drugs.

Blockage of tear drainage

(exophthalmos) - forward displacement of the eyeball, for example, with Graves' disease, when its shape changes or is displaced by tissue edema or tumor located behind the eye.

(ectropion) - Eversion of the eyelid - turning outward of the edge of the eyelid. Eversion of the eyelid can be of a minor degree, when the eyelid is simply loosely attached to the eyeball or droops somewhat; with a more significant degree, the mucous membrane (conjunctiva) turns outward in a small area or throughout the entire eyelid, it gradually dries and increases in size. Together with the eyelid, the lacrimal punctum moves away from the eye, which leads to lacrimation and damage to the skin around the eye. As a result of non-closure of the palpebral fissure, various infectious diseases can develop, as well as keratitis with subsequent clouding of the cornea. The most common is senile (atonic) ectropion, in which the lower eyelid droops due to weakening of the eye muscles in old age. With paralysis of the orbicularis oculi muscle, the lower eyelid may also droop (spastic and paralytic ectropion). Cicatricial eversion is formed due to tightening of the skin of the eyelids after wounds, burns, systemic lupus erythematosus and others. pathological processes. Treatment of eyelid inversion is surgical, using various plastic surgery depending on the severity of eyelid inversion.

(endophthalmitis) is a purulent inflammation of the inner membranes of the eyeball, usually developing as a result of infection. The symptoms are sharp pain in the eye, decreased visual acuity, visible severe inflammation eyes. Antibiotics are usually prescribed - inside the eye in large doses. At severe course illness surgical operation.

(ulcus corneae) - inflammation of the cornea, accompanied by necrosis of its tissue with the formation of a defect; may cause a cataract.

(hordeolum) - acute purulent inflammation of the hair follicle of the eyelash or tarsal (meibomian) gland of the eyelid. Penetration of microorganisms into the hair follicle of the eyelash or sebaceous gland observed mainly in weakened people with reduced body resistance to various kinds infections. Barley often occurs against the background of tonsillitis, inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, dental diseases, and disturbances in physiological activity. gastrointestinal tract, helminthic infestations, furunculosis, diabetes. Often combined with blepharitis. In the initial stage of development, a painful point appears on the edge of the eyelid (with inflammation of the sebaceous gland on the eyelid from the conjunctiva). Then a swelling, hyperemia of the skin and conjunctiva forms around it. After 2-3 days, a yellow “head” is found in the area of swelling, after opening which pus and pieces of tissue are released. Barley is accompanied by swelling of the eyelids. It is often recurrent in nature. Treatment - at the beginning of the process, the area of the painful point on the eyelid is moistened with 70% ethyl alcohol 3–5 times a day, which often allows you to stop further development. For developed barley, use sulfa drugs and antibiotics in the form of drops and ointments are used dry heat, UHF therapy. When body temperature rises and general malaise, sulfonamide drugs and antibiotics are also prescribed orally. Compresses and wet lotions are not recommended, because... they contribute to the local spread of infectious agents. Timely active treatment and concomitant diseases allows you to avoid the development of complications.

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Some of the most common eye diseases in people are inflammatory ones, such as styes, conjunctivitis or blepharitis. Eye diseases that can cause a sharp deterioration in vision - astigmatism, myopia, etc. The names of eye diseases in people that are considered the most dangerous are retinal dystrophy, cataracts, and glaucoma.

Timely consultation with a doctor, diagnosis using modern equipment, and responsible treatment are the key to restoring visual functions.

List of eye diseases in humans, in general view, looks like this (impaired visual organs and basic functions):

These eye diseases are a small part of what is encountered in medical ophthalmological practice. Each visual organ is a whole system in which many different deviations can occur.

Photos and descriptions of eye diseases can be found on any medical website, where the first manifestations of eye diseases, as well as the main methods of treating them, are described in detail.

The most common eye diseases in humans include myopia and farsightedness. These are two similar phenomena, in one of which the patient is unable to clearly see objects near, and in the other, in the distance. It is not the manifestation itself that is dangerous, but the consequences of a gradual weakening of visual functions.

The names of eye diseases in people that should prompt them to go to the hospital in a timely manner are glaucoma and cataracts. Both of these eye diseases are common in older people, however, there are exceptions. In any case, lack of treatment will lead to complete blindness.

Eye diseases in children are no less dangerous for vision. Cases of strabismus are common, occurring in most cases in children aged 2-3 years. Therapy is generally painless and quick; in adults, treatment involves only surgery.

Amblyopia can also be treated if parents notice in time that the baby does not use one eye. Children's eye diseases can be associated with infections, impaired tear production, damage from objects or chemicals.

Eye diseases and their symptoms

For most eye diseases in humans, the symptoms are more or less identical. Only a specialist can accurately make a diagnosis by identifying differences in manifestations. Signs of violations cause discomfort and pain, some of them are visible visually.

The most common and noticeable symptoms of eye disease are the following:

Feelings of the presence of small particles foreign body;
Severe redness and burning - on the white, eyelid, mucous membranes;
Discharge and excessive flow of tears;
Cloudiness, black or white spots;
Narrowing of the field of vision, which may be imperceptible in the initial stages of the disease;
Pain in the eyes.

Having noticed the symptoms of eye diseases, you should not try to diagnose yourself, choose from hundreds of disorders the one that seems to correspond to the unpleasant manifestations.

Each of the above symptoms can belong to several diseases at once, so any treatment prescribed independently can lead to dangerous consequences, including complete loss of vision.

Treatment of eye diseases

To date modern medicine has made great strides in the treatment of eye diseases. An ophthalmologist, depending on the diagnosis, may advise you to choose one of following methods(or complex):

Drops;
Vitamins in tablets, capsules, etc.;
Ointments;
Physiotherapeutic treatment (hardware);
Injections;
Operation.

The simplest and most painless way is eye drops. With their help you can relax the eye muscles when long work at the computer, to prevent cataracts or to be treated for infectious or allergic keratitis and conjunctivitis.

A specialist can prescribe self-medication in certain doses. Ointments are used to fully ensure antiviral action, antibacterial, as well as anti-inflammatory. There are special ointments intended only for the eyelids.

Vitamins are taken orally (as a tablet or capsule) and can reach the eye tissues through the circulatory system. In most cases, the method is applicable in the presence of pathology in the deep ocular tissues, for example, ocular vessels, retina. When taking pills, you need to know that the drugs act comprehensively - not only on the diseased area of the eye, but also on the organs of the entire body as a whole.

Physiotherapy and treatment using various equipment have long been successful in ophthalmic therapies. The most common devices are those that the patient is allowed to use at home, and not within the hospital. These devices can not only relieve eye strain and improve blood circulation, but also preserve vision for a long time.

Such common diseases as keratitis (most of its manifestations), chalyazin and stye are treated with:

Electrophoresis;
Laser radiation;

In addition, physiotherapeutic treatment methods are also suitable for children with strabismus, as well as amblyopia.

The type of injection prescribed for a particular disease depends on the condition of the patient’s eyes. Injections should only be given experienced doctors, carrying out the procedure independently can lead to infection, injury, and hematoma formation in the eye.

In cases where treatment with medication or other methods listed above does not help or does not produce the desired effect, eye surgery is resorted to. Surgical intervention is not prescribed if alternative methods are possible, since the risks of surgery are quite high.

If a person is diagnosed with glaucoma, then treatment with drops is initially tried. If pressure increases and vision gradually decreases, appropriate surgery is performed.

Diseases of the eyelids

The eyelids serve as a protective tissue for a person against drying out of the eyeball, its damage and negative manifestations. environment. In the general structure of eye pathologies, eyelid diseases account for about 8-10%. The eyelids consist of different tissues that can perceive the same irritation differently.

In general, all diseases of the eyelids can be divided into the following categories (as defined by the scientist and doctor Merkulov):

Injury;
Abnormal development;
Tumor;
Deviations in the functioning of the neuromuscular system;
Diseases skin, Related bacterial infection, and cartilage;
Diseases of the regions.

In childhood, a congenital inflammatory process is often diagnosed. In adult patients, inflammation and tumors are common.

For eyelid skin diseases caused by bacterial attack, symptoms and treatment should be under the strict supervision of an ophthalmologist. If primary signs are detected, you should consult a doctor immediately. It could be constant feeling tension in the eyelids, narrowing of the eyes due to swelling, fever and severe headache, constant flow of tears.

Very often, especially in older people, a violation of the position of the eyelids, for example, entropion, is diagnosed. This leads to gradual damage to the cornea. Symptoms of the disease - severe redness, desire to blink frequently, excessive tearing, sensations of presence foreign object in the eye.

Diseases of the margins and glands are inflammatory, the most common of which are chalazion, blepharitis, and the well-known stye. The latter is an inflammation of the sebaceous gland with the release of pus. Cause disease dangerous bacteria- staphylococcus, as well as streptococcus.

Patients often complain of severe swelling of a certain area of the eyelids, unpleasant painful sensations and quite noticeable redness. Palpation in the area of the eyelash follicle is a painful procedure.

Another inflammatory process of the eyelid is blepharitis, characterized by inflammation of the edges of the eyelid. Eye disease develops due to malfunctions digestive system, the presence of forms of diabetes mellitus, inflammation of the nasal sinuses, as well as prolonged exposure to irritants external factors, for example, the presence of harmful substances in the air chemical substances, heavy smoke, excessive amounts of dust.

Signs of the disease include: severe itching, heavy discharge, which stick together the eyelashes, a feeling of a foreign object and very rapid fatigue in cases where the visual load is high. This may be noticeable if there is insufficient artificial lighting or long work. All existing forms diseases (with the formation of ulcers, scales or simple blepharitis) tend to be chronic.

Allergic diseases of the eyelids are very dangerous; they can occur either quickly or slowly. In the first case, dermatitis, Quincke's edema or urticaria is observed, in the second - eczema, as well as a skin disease of the eyelid - toxicoderma.

Symptoms include:

Severe swelling;
Copious secretion of tears;
Itching and burning.

Painful manifestations, in most cases, are not observed. The disease can be unilateral or bilateral. In the immediate course, symptoms appear immediately after “contact” with a specific allergen or within the first few hours. Therapy includes a hypoallergenic diet, treatment with drops and ointments or antihistamines to eliminate symptoms.

Retinal diseases

The retina is inner part eyeball, which consists of many cells that are sensitive to light. With their help, impulses that are understandable to the brain are transformed and processed. Diseases of the retina can lead to sudden changes in physiology and ocular anatomy.

They can be:

Inflammatory - when an infection or dangerous virus appears in the body;
Dystrophic - due to diseases from birth, resulting from injury;
Vascular - as a concomitant disease, for example, diabetes.

The symptoms of retinal diseases, despite the fundamental differences in the causes of their occurrence, are very similar to each other. Damage can also occur due to oncology of any organ of the body. There are no pain sensations when diseases occur. This is due to the fact that the retina has no nerve endings, that is, it is completely devoid of sensitivity.

It is impossible to predict retinal disease in any way; it is possible to notice the initial signs in a timely manner. This may be a loss of visual adaptation at night, the appearance of blurry spots, or an unexplained decrease in vision. One of the most common diseases of the retina is dystrophy. It can be senile, “yellow spot” or pigmented.

Diseases associated with the occurrence of inflammatory processes include retinitis, as well as retinovosculitis. The retina is in close contact with the membrane of the eye vessels, so the infection cannot be located in only one of the membranes. Depending on the stage of the disease, the disease is “directed” from one to another.

Tumors, exfoliation or angiopathy are quite rare in ophthalmological practice. Peeling is dangerous due to fatal damage to the capillary system, which plays a major role in saturating the eye with important elements: oxygen and blood. Disease provocateurs can be accompanying illnesses. This includes myopia, any form of diabetes, hypertension, and renal failure.

It has been revealed that certain groups of people are predisposed to retinal diseases, depending on their condition and the presence of other diseases. These could be pregnant women, elderly people, patients with advanced forms of diabetes. If some common and rather unpleasant signs of retinal diseases appear, you should immediately contact an ophthalmologist. The main sign of deviation is a noticeable decrease in vision. Cloudiness, the so-called “fog” before the eyes, causeless flashes of light, “ night blindness", loss of vision in one eye.

In the initial stages, sometimes symptoms appear vaguely or are completely absent. Experts recommend frequent screening, including diagnostic testing, for those people at risk listed above.

Treatment may include surgical intervention, however, if the disease is detected in a timely manner, the method of therapy is chosen to be medicinal. When scheduling an operation, you should not hesitate and postpone it indefinitely; this can lead to irreversible consequences.

Prevention of eye diseases

A common problem for most people is the lack of monitoring of their vision without visible deviations in it. A small number of people think that eye health depends on the prevention of eye diseases.

When the gaze is fixed for a long time on the same object, a break is not taken, exercises are not performed under prolonged mental stress, and the rules for ensuring optimal illumination in the dark are not followed. One of the simplest exercises that takes a little time a day is to change the focus of your gaze from a near object to a more distant one.

If you perform this action several times a day, you can avoid many problems in the future. To completely relax your eyes, you can observe the horizon for 3 - 4 minutes.

After prolonged strain on the eyes, it is effective to simply close them for a few minutes so that all the muscles relax. In addition, the person will feel noticeable relaxation, fatigue will quickly disappear, and the nervous system will also relax at this time.

With increased intraocular pressure, performing the “closing the eyes” exercise is simply necessary.

Prevention of eye diseases can include a whole range of actions that significantly relieve stress, provide adequate rest, and help avoid the development of many dangerous ailments.

Among the main preventive measures includes:

Compilation proper diet with the inclusion of foods rich in vitamins;
Creating a workplace with proper natural and artificial lighting;
Minute breaks from reading, computer;
Carrying out eye hygiene;
Regular compresses and “baths”.

If a person works for a long time writing something or at the computer, approximately every few hours, he should give his eyes a 5-minute rest. Experts recommend blinking frequently, rotating your eyeballs for a few seconds, looking out the window, a picture, etc.

The daily diet should include foods containing vitamins of groups D, as well as A. These may be chicken eggs, sea herring, heavy cream, fish or animal liver. It is useful to go for walks in the fresh air on a sunny day; this will perfectly saturate the body with vitamin D.

Today it is difficult to call the environmental situation ideal, especially when it comes to large city. To ensure that your eyes are less exposed to exhaust fumes, harmful substances or dust, you should wash your eyes more often. clean water room temperature.

In addition, many experts advise performing procedures by immersing your face in cold water for 5 seconds. This will provide complete rest to the eyes, stimulate blood circulation, and you will feel a noticeable surge of vigor in the body. Plus, low-temperature water is a proven prophylactic many dangerous illnesses.

Once every 14 days, it is recommended to make compresses from a folk remedy that reduces the likelihood of inflammation - fresh tea leaves. In addition, you can purchase chamomile or linden tea at the pharmacy. The eyes are washed with the prepared solution, which allows them to fully relax and shine with health.

Diseases of the cornea of the eye

Anomalies in the development of size or shape;
Dystrophic are divided into congenital and acquired;
Tumor: papillomas, dermoids, carcinoma, lipoderms, melanosarcoma;
Inflammatory diseases: all types of keratitis (exo and endogenous), scleritis.

Infectious eye diseases

Diseases of the choroid

Inflammatory eye diseases

Iritis;
Keratitis;
Iridocyclitis;
Horsoiditis;
Conjunctivitis.

Eye diseases are studied by ophthamology ─ this is an important branch of practical, clinical medicine. It fights pathological changes in the organs of vision, adnexal structures (eyelids, conjunctiva), bone and soft tissue elements.

Medical indications

Science is faced with the most important task: to develop and improve approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of each disease. It is necessary to select methods that will preserve and correct visual function and prevent the occurrence of complications. Doctors who treat eye pathology, are called ophthalmologists, oculists.

Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine that studies the eyes and eye diseases

For better treatment of eye diseases, ophthalmology is divided into many narrow specializations. Among them:

laser therapy;
ophthalmo-oncology;
pediatric ophthalmology.

Recent years have been marked by rapid development in many branches of medicine, including ophthalmology.

The equipment was modernized and innovative methods of minimally invasive treatment were introduced.

Eye diseases in adults and children are identified using available methods:

ultrasonic;
electrophysiological;
X-ray;
optical;
laboratory

Along with traditional methods of hardware treatment, microsurgical techniques to combat the disease are successfully used. It is considered a great achievement that the pathology is often eliminated surgically on an outpatient basis.

Brief anatomical data

The organ of vision is unique. This is the main analyzer of the body. The percentage of people suffering from eye diseases is increasing every year. Therefore, every person should know the first signs of a developing lesion, preventive measures and basic treatment options. This will increase the frequency of timely requests for qualified help. This minimizes the likelihood of developing advanced forms of human eye diseases.

Eye diseases occur at any age. They can be congenital, acquired, or genetically determined. Children's diseases are especially dangerous. In children, eye problems often cause delays psychophysical development, speech disorders and motor sphere. They form distorted, unclear, and at times fragmentary ideas about reality.

It is much more difficult for such children to establish social connections and behave correctly in society.

Therefore, the so-called early ophthalmological care system has been developed. She is studying early screening all newborns, infants and preschool children.

The method allows you to identify primary, subclinical signs of eye damage. The most common pathologies of childhood include:

amblyopia;
glaucoma;
cataract;
farsightedness.

Early diagnosis allows for timely corrective assistance.

Acquired pathology

Develops against the background of general or infectious pathologies person. It's about about vitamin A deficiency, measles rubella, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney damage. In most cases, the optical apparatus of the eye is damaged. This causes presbyopia, astigmatism, and myopia. Episodes of an inflammatory nature are common: conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, uveitis, barley. Extremely dangerous traumatic lesions elements of the eye: burns, mechanical damage, ingress of foreign bodies.

The clinical picture of the disease develops differently. In some cases, there are acute signs and rapid progression of the disease, in others there is an erased clinical picture and a slow progression of the disease. There are certain factors that negatively affect vision and increase the likelihood of developing pathology. These include:

age;
presence of problems with the heart and blood vessels;
disruptions in metabolism;
unfavorable external environment;
constant stress;
smoking;
severe deficiency of vitamins and minerals (in particular zinc, selenium).

Common signs of ophthalmic pathology

It is important to remember that the symptoms of eye damage always manifest differently. But if a person experiences blurred vision, narrowing of his horizons, pain, or a sensation of a foreign body, he should definitely consult a doctor.

A common sign of eye disease is a feeling of sand in the eyes.

Often the pathology is of infectious origin. At the same time, it is extremely important fast reaction to negative manifestations. When the process spreads deep into the tissue, the risk of vision loss sharply increases. This usually happens when the optic nerves or retina are involved in the disease. They lose any ability to perceive and transmit information. Most often it appears:

feeling of “sand” in the eyes;
increased eye pressure;
the appearance of “fogginess” in the gaze;
“lightning, flies” before the eyes;
hyperemia;
various types of secretions;
swelling;
itching;
significant loss of eyelashes;
the appearance of a veil;
changes in the shape and size of the pupils.

It should be noted that similar symptoms occur with equal frequency in children and adults with eye damage.

Names of diseases

Myopia is one of the most common pathologies. A sick person loses the ability to distinguish objects located in the distance. In this case, the visualization of nearby elements is not impaired. Pathological changes concern refraction. The image is focused in a plane in front of the retina. This explains its vagueness.

Myopia is the most common eye disease

Symptoms of the disease:

drop in visual acuity;
blurry image;
fast fatiguability;
discomfort, pain.

Chalazion is a disease in which a person’s eye (more precisely, the edge of the eyelid) becomes inflamed. In the absence of adequate therapy, the process progresses rapidly. ─ this is an occupational illness. The pathology often affects people who work a lot and often at the computer. To combat this disorder, it is recommended to use special drops.

Barley is an inflammatory process on the eyelid. Symptoms include the presence of a purulent sac along the edges of the eyelids, their slight soreness and hyperemia. It is strictly forbidden to squeeze out the formation yourself. Often, treatment with alcohol, the use of brilliant green, antibacterial ointments. More about diseases visual system watch in this video:

Cataract is an age-related eye disease. It manifests itself as clouding of the lens (complete or partial). In addition, the disease often occurs at a younger age due to certain somatic diseases, injuries. There is a congenital form. Signs of illness:

blurred vision;
loss of acuity;
photophobia;
difficulty seeing colors;

To combat the pathology, surgical intervention is indicated. It is important to remove the altered lens; instead, an intraocular lens is installed. The process can also be slowed down with medication.

Other pathologies

Amblyopia is a group of functional disorders of the visual system. Their distinct feature is a significant decrease in vision. It cannot be corrected with glasses or contact lenses. In addition, contrast sensitivity and accommodative abilities of the eyes are greatly impaired for no apparent reason. Symptoms of the disease include:

blurred vision;
difficulty perceiving three-dimensional objects;
assessment of the distance to them;
learning difficulties.

Anisocoria is a condition in which different pupil sizes occur. These are common cases that do not always indicate pathology. There is so-called physiological anisocoria. Symptoms include unequal sizes of both of the patient's pupils.

Anisocoria

Astigmatism is a type of ametropia. It manifests itself as disturbances in the focusing of rays on the retina. It can be corneal (the cause of the disease ─ irregular shape cornea), lens, lenticular.

Symptoms of the disease:

distortion, blurred image;
fast fatiguability;
constant pressure;
the need to squint.

Blepharitis is a group of inflammatory diseases. Their course is different; chronicity of the process is more often noted. Depending on the etiology, there are ulcerative, allergic, demodectic and seborrheic.

Main symptoms:

swelling;
hyperemia;
peeling of the edges of the eyelids;
heaviness;
burning;
itchy eyes;
the presence of crusts on the eyelashes;
eyelash loss;
presence of foamy secretion;
dry eyes;
photophobia.

Hemophthalmos is a pathology in which blood penetrates into vitreous or in his space. Their signs:

floating cloudiness;
blurred vision;
photophobia;
cobwebs before the eyes.

Glaucoma, dacryocystitis

Glaucoma is a chronic disease that occurs due to high intracranial pressure. Lesion develops optic nerve which leads to decreased vision or blindness. This is an irreversible disease, so timely treatment is extremely important. At acute attack glaucoma possible total loss vision.

Glaucoma can lead to complete blindness

Signs:

deterioration of peripheral vision;
“dark” spot in the field of view;
fogging;
soreness;
blurred vision at night;
fluctuations in visual acuity.

The disease dacryocystitis is included in the list of inflammatory diseases infectious nature. This is a lesion of the lacrimal sac itself. There are acute, chronic, congenital and acquired forms of the disease. They all share common characteristics:

severe pain;
hyperemia;
swelling of the lacrimal canal;
lacrimation;
purulent discharge from lacrimal openings.

Farsightedness is an example of a clinical refractive error. Light rays enter behind the retina. In this case, blurring, asthenopia, poor accommodation and binocular vision, amblyopia, and strabismus are noted. For more information about farsightedness, watch this video:

Demodicosis is a mite-borne infection of the skin of the eyelids and conjunctiva. In this case, hyperemia, itching of the eyelids, and scales on the eyelashes occur.

Keratoconus is a degenerative injury to the cornea. At the same time, it loses its shape and becomes conical. Is not rare pathology young, in which visual acuity decreases. Manifestations of the disease:

sharp deterioration of vision in one eye;
curvature of the outlines of objects;
the appearance of halos around light sources;

Keratitis is inflammatory lesion cornea. At the same time, it becomes cloudy and infiltrates appear on it. Basically, the disease is viral, bacterial or traumatic in nature. There are 3 severity of pathology. Inflammation quickly progresses, spreading to neighboring areas. Symptoms of the disease: photophobia, lacrimation, hyperemia, blepharospasm.

Computer vision syndrome

A recently isolated type of disease. This is a complex of visual symptoms caused by prolonged, malfunction at computer. The main reasons for this pathology: significant differences in the image on the monitor and paper, incorrect ergonomics of the workplace.

Signs of illness:

drop in visual acuity;
fogging;
decline in visual performance;
difficulty focusing;
photophobia;
diplopia;
soreness;
hyperemia;
feeling of sand under the eyelids;
lacrimation;
stinging and burning.

Conjunctivitis is an inflammatory lesion of the transparent membrane that covers the sclera. They are divided into bacterial, viral, chlamydial, fungal, and allergic.

Sometimes the process can cause serious consequences.

Signs: swelling, hyperemia, mucous or purulent discharge, itching,.

Macular degeneration is a chronic eye disorder in people of a degenerative nature. The central zone of the retina ─ the macula or macula is damaged. Pathology provokes a decrease in vision. Manifestations of the disease: blurred vision, distortion of objects, curvature of straight lines. What types of macular degeneration are there? Today, there are two forms of the disease: dry and wet. The peculiarity of the latter is its significant danger; the disease can lead to complete loss of vision.

Episcleritis is an inflammatory lesion of the tissues that are located between the conjunctiva and the sclera. There is sudden hyperemia, swelling of the eye, and severe discomfort.

Eye pathology can be simple or nodular; it occurs easily, but with relapses. Healing often occurs on its own.

Endocrine ophthalmopathy, or Graves' ophthalmopathy, is a severe autoimmune lesion leading to dystrophic damage to orbital tissue. Often the disease is combined with problems of the thyroid gland, but it also occurs as an independent disease. Signs of pathology: eyelid retraction, squeezing, pain, dry eyes, impaired color vision, exophthalmos, swelling.

Rare pathologies

Electroophthalmia is damage to the eyes from ultraviolet radiation. To prevent illness, it is important to use protective equipment during solar flares, eclipses, lightning, and at sea. Pathology can be provoked by artificial light sources: electric arc during welding, tanning lamps, quartz treatment.

The person begins to experience pain, irritation, lacrimation, and a decrease in visual acuity. Hyperemia and foreign body sensation often occur.

Pterygium

Pterygium is a degenerative disease that is manifested by the growth of the conjunctiva. It can only be removed surgically. Severe hyperemia, swelling, itching, and fogginess are noted. Ophthalmic rosacea is a sign of a dermatological lesion. Manifested by irritation, dry eyes, blurred vision. May cause keratitis.

How to correctly diagnose eye pathology? One of the keys to competent and complete treatment of ophthalmological diseases is a thorough and timely examination.

Some clinics use the latest technologies to determine pathologies of the visual organs. This allows you to identify the slightest changes in the early stages and make the most accurate diagnosis.

It is important to remember that modern equipment and qualified specialists are the key to quick and effective healing from ailments. Diagnostic centers often offer new, innovative ways to examine eyes. Diagnostics includes a set of tests and procedures aimed at identifying deviations from the norm.

Methods of diagnosis and therapy

The main examination methods include:

Eye diagnostics is a complex procedure. Throughout all procedures, patients must be under constant medical supervision. Examination of children is a lengthy procedure. Each child needs special attention. Specialists must find a common language with young patients when diagnosing and treating eye disease.

Advanced technologies in the fight against eye pathologies

Medicine does not stand still, it is constantly developing and improving. Main stream modern therapy eye - use of laser systems. Myopia, astigmatism, farsightedness, retinal lesions, and glaucoma can be treated in a similar way. Laser correction allowed millions of young faces to heal forever and forget about glasses and contacts.

Modern medicine has wide range effects on the eye

Cataract surgery is improving every year, as it is the most common vision disease. A successful remedy for of this disease- use of phacoemulsification. Also, recently the innovative method of femtosurgery has been increasingly used.

Often, large ophthalmological centers perform complex operations to implant intraocular lenses.

They are mainly done for severe myopia, thin corneas, and contraindications to laser treatment.

Non-surgical eye therapy

For milder degrees of disease, hardware treatment is usually used. The therapy method and its duration are always selected individually. They use special computer programs that allow you to restore binocular vision. Ultrasound is used for inflammatory processes and injuries. Here is one example of non-surgical treatment:

Many experts recommend treating eye diseases with folk remedies. This addition to the main therapy allows for faster healing. For myopia, nystagmus, and strabismus, an infrared laser is prescribed. Magnetic therapy is sometimes used (for neuritis, amblyopia, keratitis). Hardware treatment often gives excellent results and is therefore widely used in many institutions.

Prevention of eye diseases is the key to healthy vision for many years. The main requirement ─ timely diagnosis and treatment of all visual ailments, including age-related eye diseases.

It is important to undergo periodic preventive examinations with a doctor and not to overload your eyes. It's good to walk on fresh air, make special eye gymnastics, stick to rational nutrition, consume vitamins and minerals. At the first signs of eye disease, you should immediately contact a specialist. It is unacceptable to self-medicate. This can lead to serious complications, in particular loss of vision.

Eye diseases are very common these days. This is due to many factors: the rapid development of computer technology, the deterioration of the environmental situation and much more. There are more than two thousand eye diseases. Let's look at the most common of them, as well as the main symptoms of these diseases.

Pathologies of the optic nerves

– disturbance of blood flow in the intrabulbar or intraorbital region. Symptoms: decreased visual acuity and viewing angle, “blind” zones appear in certain areas.

Neuritis– an infectious disease in which an inflammatory process occurs in the optic nerve. Symptoms: pain, loss of sensitivity in the area around the eye, weakening of the muscles that are located near the affected nerve.

Nerve atrophy- a disease in which conduction in nerve fibers is disrupted. Symptoms: decreased visual acuity, up to complete blindness, impaired color perception, decreased viewing angle.

– a disease in which the motor nerves of the eye cease to function normally, often leading to muscle paralysis and the inability to rotate the eyes. Symptoms: the eyes are shifted and fixed in one position.

Diplopia– with this disease, a person constantly has double vision, which causes a lot of unpleasant sensations.

Diseases of the eye sockets, tear ducts and eyelids

- an inflammatory process that occurs along the edges of the eyelids. Signs: redness, swelling and burning of the eyelids, a feeling of the presence of specks in the eye, itching, discharge from the eyes, scabs on the eyelashes after sleep, painful perception of bright light, constant tearing, dryness and soreness in the eyes, the edges of the eyelids may peel off.

Cryptophthalmos- a rare disease in which the edges of the eyelids fuse together, which leads to a narrowing of the palpebral fissure, up to its complete absence.

Lagophthalmos– the eyelids do not close together completely, as a result of which in some areas they remain constantly open, even during sleep.

Turn of the century– the edges of the eyelids, on which the eyelashes are located, are turned in relation to the eye socket. This leads to rubbing and constant irritation of the eyeballs, as well as the development of ulcers on the cornea.

Coloboma– pathological disorder in the structure of the century. Often accompanied by other physiological defects - cleft palate, cleft lip and others.

– a disease in which a large amount of fluid accumulates under the skin around the eyelid. Symptoms: redness of the skin in the eyelid area, pain and discomfort in the eyes, which intensifies when touched.

Blepharospasm– characterized by uncontrolled contraction of the facial muscles that support the eyes. It looks as if the person suddenly begins to squint.

– a disease in which the upper eyelid droops down. There are several types of pathology. In some severe cases, the eyelid may droop so much that it completely covers the eye.

– inflammatory eye disease accompanied by purulent discharge. Occurs as a result of infection. Symptoms: the edges of the eyelids swell, turn red and itch, and when pressed you can feel strong pain, tears often flow, feeling of discomfort (foreign body) in the eyes. At acute development infection, signs of intoxication may be observed - malaise, weakness, high fever, headaches.

– pathological disorder of eyelash growth. The danger of the disease lies in the fact that it facilitates the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the eyes, which is why inflammation of the conjunctiva, eyelids and eyeball often occurs.

Diseases of the tear-producing system

Dacryoadenitis- a disease that causes inflammation in the lacrimal glands. Appears as a result chronic diseases, or infection entering the body. In the presence of circulatory disorders, it can become chronic. Signs: on upper eyelid swelling and redness develop, and sometimes the eyeball may protrude. In the absence of timely treatment, the inflammation expands, causing discomfort, high temperature, formation of abscesses.

– an infectious inflammatory disease that develops in the lacrimal canal. There are several types - acute or chronic dacryocystitis, as well as acquired or congenital. Symptoms: pain, redness, swelling in the area of the lacrimal sac, constant lacrimation, discharge of pus from the lacrimal canals.

Tumors of the lacrimal glands– arise due to abnormalities in the development of the cells that make up the lacrimal glands. There are benign tumors, and there are malignant ones - for example, sarcoma. Symptoms: a growing tumor causes compression of the nerve nodes, which is accompanied by pain in the eyes or head. Sometimes, due to a tumor, the eyeball becomes displaced and eye movement becomes difficult. Other signs of a tumor: swelling, increased intraocular pressure, blurred vision.

– a pathology characterized by protrusion of the eyeball. Occurs due to tissue swelling ocular orbit. Symptoms of the disease, in addition to protruding eyes, are: redness and swelling of the eyelids, pain when touched.

Corneal diseases

– unequal diameter of the pupils. Usually appears after injury to the organs of vision. May cause increased photosensitivity and blurred vision. Sometimes anisocoria may indicate serious violations in the work of the cerebellum.

– a disease in which an inflammatory process forms on the episcleral tissue. It begins with redness of the tissue adjacent to the cornea, followed by the formation of swelling. Symptoms: discomfort in the eye, pain in the eyes from bright light, clear discharge from the conjunctiva. The disease almost always goes away on its own.

– inflammation that occurs on the cornea of the eye. Leads to clouding of the cornea and the appearance of infiltrates. The causes of keratitis can be trauma, viral or bacterial infections. If left untreated, inflammatory processes can spread not only to the cornea, but also to other parts of the eye. Signs: lacrimation, redness of the mucous membrane, increased sensitivity to bright light, the cornea is no longer shiny and smooth.

Keratoconus– corneal dystrophy, which occurs due to the fact that intraocular pressure increases, which leads to disruption of the shape of the cornea. Signs: sharp decrease in vision in the right or left eye, halos around light bulbs, myopia.

Aniridia– complete absence iris.

Polycoria- presence of several pupils.

Diseases of the conjunctiva

– a disease in which the tear fluid is produced less than normal. May occur due to reasons such as: tumors, chronic inflammation, burns, injuries to the visual organs, elderly age, long courses of certain medications, etc. Signs: dryness in the eyes, redness of the eyeballs, burning, mucus secretion, intolerance to bright light, fog before the eyes.

Conjunctivitis- an inflammatory phenomenon in the conjunctiva. There are several types of conjunctivitis - allergic, fungal, infectious, etc. Almost all types of conjunctivitis are contagious and are easily transmitted not only through direct contact, but also through household items. In some cases, this disease can cause severe complications. Signs: redness and swelling of the eyelids, itching, lacrimation, discharge of pus or mucus.

Neoplasms in the conjunctival area– pterygium (occurs in the corner of the eye with inside), pinguecula (at the junction of the cornea and conjunctiva).

Lens diseases

– a disease in which the lens of the eye gradually begins to become cloudy. The pathology develops quickly, can occur in one eye or in both, and damages either the entire lens or some part of it. Cataracts are common in older people; it is this disease that often leads to sharp decline visual acuity, sometimes to the point of complete blindness. Some somatic diseases or injuries of the visual organs can cause the development of cataracts in young people. Symptoms: rapid loss of visual acuity (you often have to change glasses to more powerful ones), poor visibility of objects in the twilight (“night blindness”), impaired color vision, rapid eye fatigue, and rarely, double vision.

Afakia– a pathology characterized by the absence of the lens. The lens may be removed because it is severely damaged due to injury, or due to certain eye diseases - for example, cataracts.

Lens abnormalities– congenital cataract, biphakia, aphakia.

Pathologies of the retina or mucous membrane of the eyes

Retinitis- a disease characterized by the development inflammatory phenomena on the retina of the eye. Occurs when the visual organs are injured, exposed to sunlight, or against the background of other diseases. Symptoms: narrowing of the field of vision, limited visibility, double vision of objects, the appearance of bright spots in front of the eyes, poor visibility in the dark or twilight.

- a pathology in which the inner layers of the retina are separated from choroid and nearby epithelial tissues. Most often it can only be cured through surgery. If left untreated, the disease can lead to complete loss of vision. Symptoms: a dark veil before the eyes, blurred vision, distortion of the shapes of objects, limited visibility to the sides, flashes or sparks often flash before the eyes.

Angiopathy– violation of the structure blood vessels in the eyes, is formed as a result of injury to the visual organs, increased intraocular pressure, malfunction of the nervous system, arterial hypertension, intoxication of the body or anatomical pathologies in the structure of blood vessels. Symptoms: blurred vision, blurred vision, glare or bright flashes before the eyes, and in severe cases, blindness.

Glaucoma– chronic illness, in which intraocular pressure is increased. Often leads to damage to the optic nerve and, as a consequence, to sharp deterioration vision up to its complete loss. The disease is irreversible, so without timely treatment there is a high risk of becoming completely blind. Symptoms: poor visibility on the sides, dark spots, fog before the eyes, indistinguishability of objects in the dark, in bright light - colored circles before the eyes.

Refractive errors

Myopia– a disease in which a person has difficulty seeing objects in the distance. It is formed as a result of the image being lined up in front of the retina. Symptoms: poor visibility of distant objects, eyes get tired quickly, discomfort, pain in the temples or in the forehead area.

Farsightedness– a pathology characterized by poor visibility of close objects, with good visibility of distant ones. In contrast to myopia, the image is formed behind the surface of the retina. Signs of this disease are often: fog before the eyes, sometimes squint.

Astigmatism- a disease in which light rays entering the retina cannot focus on it. Most often, astigmatism occurs due to physiological disorders in the structure of the cornea or lens. Symptoms: blurriness, indistinctness of objects, eye fatigue, headaches, the need to constantly strain the eyes to see.

Other eye diseases

Myodesopsia– the appearance of spots, “floaters” or black dots before the eyes.

Strabismus– a disease in which the axis of vision deviates, resulting in binocular vision being impaired.

Nystagmus– uncontrolled rapid eye movements.

Amblyopia– damage to the eye muscles, in which one eye stops working or moving. Accompanied by a decrease in the acuity of the affected eye and the inability to judge the distance to objects.

Leukoma (sore)– formation of scar tissue on the cornea of the eye. Occurs due to eye injury, or during prolonged inflammatory processes in the body.

Colorblindness- impaired color perception. Most often this is a congenital pathology.

Hemeralopia(“night blindness”) is a disease in which a person has difficulty seeing objects in poor lighting.

Xanthopsia– a rare pathology in which a person sees all objects with a yellowish tint.

Panophthalmitis– destruction of the tissue of the eyeball, accompanied by the release of a large amount of pus.

Video - Primary angle-closure glaucoma

Modern technologies, although they are wonderful assistants in a person’s life, are often the cause of exacerbation of many eye diseases. The visual function helps a person perceive most of the various information about the world around him, so eye diseases are one of the problems that require maximum attention at the first symptoms.
The list of diseases is quite long. To understand what symptoms are observed in a person, photos are attached to help determine the occurrence of the problem and consult a doctor for professional advice.

Types of major diseases

Initial symptoms are a signal for initial diagnosis and identification of possible eye disease. Primary signs possible illness You can always compare it with a photo to confirm or refute suspicions. Regardless of the result for correct setting diagnosis, you need to visit an ophthalmologist who can do a full examination and assess the condition of the eyes.

According to their structure, eye diseases are divided into the following types:

diseases of the eyelids and tear ducts;
various pathologies of the cornea, sclera and iris;
pathology of the lens;
diseases of the conjunctiva;
diseases of the choroid and retina;
diseases of the muscular system.

The most common eye diseases are inflammatory in nature. These include barley, conjunctivitis, blepharitis. Diseases that impair vision include farsightedness, nearsightedness, presbyopia, and astigmatism. The most dangerous diseases for vision loss are glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal dystrophy.

Diseases of the tear ducts and eyelids

Diseases of this type include inflammatory in nature. Some of the most common are:

Blepharitis. The main symptom is inflammation of the edge of the eyelid. It is quite difficult to treat, regardless of the cause. Blepharitis is divided into ulcerative, allergenic, seborrheic and demodectic. Anatomically, it is divided into anterior marginal blepharitis (only the ciliary edge of the eyelid is affected) and posterior marginal blepharitis (the meibomian gland in the thickness of the eyelid is inflamed). The main symptoms of the disease: redness, swelling, peeling, burning, possible itching and the sensation of a foreign object under the eyelid. In this case, by the morning crusts may grow in the interciliary space, dryness or increased tearing appears, the reaction to light increases, and fatigue occurs quickly.

Barley. Another inflammatory disease. In this case, inflammation occurs, followed by suppuration of the meibomian gland or hair follicle of the eyelash. More often main reason infection occurs - hordeolum and Staphylococcus aureus. The main symptoms of the disease are: itching, swelling of the eyelid, pain when touched, redness followed by suppuration. Sometimes stye may be accompanied by fever and headache.

It occurs in both acute and chronic forms. This is an inflammation of the lacrimal sac, which is characterized by the release of pus from the affected eye and increased tearing. The placement of the lacrimal sac can be seen in anatomical diagrams. It is located in the bone pit between the bridge of the nose and the inner edge of the eye. It is the lacrimal drainage system of the eye, where tears accumulate and are absorbed through certain points located on the inner edges of the eyelids. Fluid from the lacrimal sac enters the nasolacrimal duct, which ends in the nasal cavity.

Inflammation of the sac is rare, and women are more likely to suffer from it. This type of disease can occur not only in adults, but also in newborns. The cause is most often an infection of the tear duct, which manifests itself in the form of impaired outflow of tears.

Various pathologies of the cornea, sclera and iris of the eye

This category includes eye diseases with the following symptoms:

Episcleritis. This acute inflammation episcleral tissue, which is located between the sclera and conjunctiva. Primary symptom The disease is redness of part of the sclera in an area close to the cornea. The area often swells. Most often, this disease does not require special treatment and is not characterized by a high degree of complexity. The main symptoms are: redness of the eyes, negative sensations, fear of light, discharge of fluid from the conjunctiva.

A type of inflammation that affects the cornea, causing it to become cloudy. The main causes of the disease are infection and eye injury. The disease can be expressed in mild, moderate and severe forms. Signs and symptoms: redness and tearing, fear of light, changes appearance eyes, blepharospasm may occur.

Keratoconus. Refers to a degenerative pathology of the cornea, as a result of which it may thin or bulge due to pressure. It may take the shape of a cone instead of a sphere. This disease is more common in young people than in older people, and affects the rate of loss of visual acuity. Signs of the disease are: rapid loss of vision in one eye, curvature of the contour of objects, rapid fatigue.

Less common diseases include:

corneal dystrophy – hereditary progressive pathological changes;
polycoria - the presence of more than one pupil in the iris of the eye;
aniridia – absence of a pupil;
anisocoria – differences in pupil size.

Details in the video:

Pathologies of the conjunctiva and lens

Conjunctivitis. The disease is not as harmless as many people think. Inflammation begins on the conjunctiva, which can lead to quite serious consequences. The disease is divided into viral, bacterial, fungal, allergic and chlamydial. The main symptoms include: redness, swelling of the eyelid, discharge of mucus and pus, itching and burning in one or both eyes, increased lacrimation. Depending on the type of illness, there may be other symptoms.

Pathologies of the lens include the following diseases: aphakia, cataracts, biphakia.

Aphakia (absence of lens). It can occur when the lens is removed due to cataracts or as a result of eye injury.

It causes clouding of the lens of the eye. It can appear in one or both eyes at once, and is both congenital and acquired, due to the development of an eye disease. It can become a barrier to the penetration of light, causing significant deterioration of vision, up to its complete loss in old age. Symptoms of cataracts: blurred vision, rapid deterioration in image quality, a rapid decrease in visual acuity in the dark, unpleasant sensations from bright light, the ability to distinguish light decreases, problems with reading appear, objects appear in two.

Biphakia. P p is a pathology when a second lens appears in the eye.

Pathologies that occur before our eyes

The main diseases encountered in this segment have the following symptoms and names:

Retinopathy. This type of retinal damage may result from oxygen starvation, as well as shortage nutrients retinal membrane, which is caused by poor metabolism or malfunction of blood vessels in patients diabetes mellitus or hypertension.

Retinal detachment and degeneration. It is a detachment of the retina from the pigment epithelium. It can be divided into primary detachment, when tissue degeneration occurs, and secondary detachment, when the cause is eye pathology.

Retinal angiopathy. Constitutes a violation general structure and functional vascular failure due to damage to neural coordination. Long-term increase blood pressure can over time change the structure of the wall of blood vessels, leading to impaired blood circulation not only in the vessels of the eye, but also in all organs and tissues of the body, causing malfunctions different organs, and subsequently – severe complications.

It is a common disease due to high blood pressure inside the eyes. The main symptoms of glaucoma are severe headaches accompanied by blurred vision, blurred vision of objects, and the appearance of rainbow circles near light sources. If you ignore such symptoms and do not consult a doctor in a timely manner, the result may be complete loss of vision.

Vitreous detachment. It is the departure of a dense substance from the retina of the eye.

Neuritis. It is a disease of the optic nerve, resulting in inflammation. The optic nerve is a connection of more than 1 million sensory nerve cells retinas, which transmit information about objects and objects in the form of electrical impulses to the brain. Optic nerve disease can occur due to intoxication with poison, ethanol, household chemicals, herbicides, nicotine and other chemicals.

Ischemic neuropathy. A disease of the optic nerve that occurs due to a disruption in the blood supply.

Optic nerve atrophy. Defect in conductivity nerve fibers due to nerve destruction, when the transmission of irritation from the retina to the brain is damaged.

Diseases of the eyeball mainly occur due to injury or inflammation, foreign objects entering the eye, or infection.

Diseases of the muscular system

Common eye diseases of the muscular system can occur at any age and can be congenital or acquired.

Strabismus is a failure to control the movement of the eyeball, and there may be a different direction of action when focusing on an object.
As a result of the disease nystagmus, the function of eye movement is damaged.
Farsightedness is one of the common eye diseases, due to which a person begins to have difficulty distinguishing objects located nearby. But he sees objects located far away well.
Myopia - in this case, the patient, on the contrary, sees well near, but objects at a distance are poorly visible and blurry.
Ectropion, or in other words, eversion of the eyelid, is characteristic of the lower eyelid. In this condition, the lower eyelid may begin to turn outward, disrupting contact with the eyeball, causing discomfort and exposure of the conjunctiva. Inside each eyelid there is a small but fairly dense layer of cartilage, which gives the eyelid its shape and allows it to fit tightly to the eyeball. Symptoms of the disease may include: increased tearing, skin irritation, a feeling of sand or a foreign body in the eye, redness of the eye and conjunctiva. Only surgery can correct the problem.
Color blindness is a disease in which color vision is impaired. In some cases, color blindness goes undiagnosed because sometimes a person can distinguish colors not only by hue, but also by the degree of brightness. If the patient notices sudden changes in color recognition and determination, this is a direct signal to contact an ophthalmologist.

Based on the results and the described symptoms, you can get some ideas about certain eye diseases. Regardless of whether your symptoms match those of the most common diseases, it is important to have an annual eye exam with your eye doctor. Only qualified specialist will help you correctly determine the diagnosis and prescribe treatment that can quickly and effectively relieve the disease.

Deterioration of vision. What to do:

A modern examination will not cause discomfort, but to the maximum short time will help to find out the cause of the disease and save the patient’s vision. If you suffer from any ailment related to eye disease, leave your comment and supplement the article with practical facts and tips.