Diet for colitis: allowed and prohibited foods, menus for different forms of the disease. Nuts and dried fruits. What is colitis

It is introduced so that the body spends less effort on digesting food and more on fighting the disease. In addition, some products are simply contraindicated for certain diseases.

They can cause exacerbations or nullify the effect of treatment. Diet for intestinal colitis with constipation helps restore damaged tissue organs digestive tract, normalize intestinal motility and stool.

Colitis: general information

Intestinal colitis is a serious disease

Called inflammation of the mucous membranes of the colon. Classification of colitis is carried out according to several criteria.

Depending on the severity of symptoms and the nature of the course, acute and chronic forms of colitis are distinguished. An acute attack is accompanied by inflammation of the stomach (gastritis) and small intestine(enteritis).

Chronic colitis occurs with the same symptoms as acute colitis, only in a less pronounced form. In this case, periodic exacerbations are possible.

Depending on the conditions of development of the disease, there are:

Ischemic colitis – accompanied by dysfunction abdominal aorta and, as a consequence, blood supply to the gastrointestinal tract.
Infectious colitis - occurs as a result of vital activity pathogenic microorganisms.
– occurs under the influence of factors external environment and under the influence of the genetic characteristics of the organism.
Toxic colitis - develops in connection with the use of a number of medications.
Radiation colitis develops as one of the consequences of chronic radiation sickness.

The inflammatory process can cover both part of the colon and the entire organ. Depending on the affected area, the following types of colitis are distinguished:

(inflamed rectum lower section colon);
sigmoiditis (inflamed sigmoid colon - the section in front of the rectum);
transversitis (inflamed transverse colon- section in front of the sigmoid colon);
typhlitis (inflamed cecum - upper section colon);
pancolitis (all parts of the colon are inflamed).

It is possible to develop inflammatory processes in two adjacent sections of the rectum. Factors that increase the risk of developing colitis include the following:

decreased immune resistance;
digestive system infections;
genetic pathologies;
food and other types of poisoning;
mechanical injuries of the colon;
exposure to stress;
poor nutrition.

Regardless of the etiology of colitis, one can distinguish general symptoms manifestations of the disease. The acute form is accompanied severe pain in the peritoneum, possibly with bloody and mucous discharge, constant urges to defecation, bloating and rumbling in the abdomen.

Chronic colitis is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness and squeezing in the abdominal cavity. The pain is predominantly cramping in nature, with the urge to defecate. After defecation, the pain subsides, but sometimes it can persist for several hours.

Diarrhea accompanies damage to the right part of the colon, and to the left. With constipation, mucus secretion from the intestinal walls increases. During defecation, it comes out as fecal particles and blood. This process is called false diarrhea.

Long-term chronic colitis leads to exhaustion, weakness and hypovitaminosis.

Diagnosis of colitis is carried out based on an analysis of the patient’s history and complaints, physical examination, laboratory test data and instrumental studies(, endoscopy).

After establishing accurate diagnosis conservative treatment is prescribed complex therapy. It includes dietary food, antidiarrheal or laxative drugs to normalize stool, probiotics and prebiotics to restore intestinal microflora, vitamins, immunomodulators, drugs that remove toxins, mineral waters and physical therapy.

Surgical treatment is prescribed according to indications in connection with the progression of ischemic colitis, thrombosis or embolism of the abdominal aorta. Incorrect treatment colitis leads to serious consequences. Dehydration of the body, intoxication and increased dysbacteriosis occur. One of the most serious complications Colitis is intestinal perforation - damage to the walls and entry of its contents into the abdominal cavity.

Diet for intestinal colitis with constipation

Diet plays great value in the treatment of colitis

The importance of diet for colitis with constipation should not be underestimated. For this disease, the “Table No. 4” diet is used, developed by the Soviet therapist, one of the founders of dietetics and gastroenterology, Manuil Isaakovich Pevzner.

The work he has done on formulating diets for various groups diseases was so significant that the treatment menus he compiled are still used in modern dietetics almost unchanged.

Menu "Table No. 4" is indicated for the treatment and prevention of chronic colitis, dysentery, acute enterocolitis and gastroenterocolitis. Considering the presence of constipation due to colitis, it is recommended to combine “Table No. 4” with “Table No. 3”, the menu of which is prescribed for difficult bowel movements.

In any case, medical nutrition is prescribed by a doctor. His recommendations must be followed strictly if you want to recover faster. The therapeutic diet for colitis aims to accelerate recovery processes tissue regeneration of irritated intestinal walls, reduce and prevent further development processes of fermentation and decay, restore normal and restore its functionality.

Nutrition for intestinal colitis should be gentle. Among the features treatment menu includes reducing the calorie content of the diet, eliminating foods that irritate receptors and intestinal tissue mechanically, thermally or chemically, as well as promoting the development of rotting and fermentation processes.

Due to the fact that the calorie content of the therapeutic diet is low, and its saturation with essential nutrients is reduced, a strict diet should not last more than 4-5 days. It is usually prescribed when acute attacks diseases.

Cooked food should be served warm. During periods of exacerbation of symptoms, food should be crushed or pureed. Products are boiled, cooked, stewed. You need to drink up to 1.5 liters of clean drinking water per day.

The daily diet is divided into 5-6 doses at approximately equal intervals of time. It is advisable to take meals at the same time so that the body “knows” when it needs to prepare for the activation of digestive processes.

Food should be taken slowly, chewing thoroughly. While eating, you should not be distracted - read, watch TV, talk. A feature of the diet for colitis with constipation is the need to increase the fiber content in the diet.

But, on the other hand, the irritated intestines are not ready to digest it. Therefore, at first, products with high content fibers (vegetables and fruits) are heat treated and crushed before use.

Prohibited and permitted products

Cream soups are easily overcooked

raw vegetables and fruits;
fatty meat and fish;
strong broths;
sweet pastries and fresh bread;
semi-finished products;
fast food;
animal fats;
high fat dairy products;
sweets;
carbonated water, lemonade, kvass, alcohol;
smoked, pickled, salted products;
fried, fatty and spicy foods;
tea, coffee, cocoa.

The consumption of sugar and salt should be significantly reduced. Despite the strict prohibitions, you can create a fairly varied menu from permitted foods.

Diet - effective method against . It is recommended to enter dietary dishes at first developing disease. If you delay and do not carry out treatment, you will encounter severe pain in the intestines.

The doctor decides: to use a diet or act in another way in the fight against the disease. A calibrated food set can ease the work of the gastrointestinal tract and improve intestinal performance.

The topic of intestinal colitis has not been fully studied. There is controversy among doctors. Lack of a meal plan and poor diet contribute to the occurrence and development of the disease.

Colitis is inflammation of the colon. The disease occurs in women over 20 years of age and in older men. There are many reasons for the occurrence of the disease. For intestinal colitis, the main argument is wrong image life. A person prefers fatty foods, baked goods, and semi-finished products. This negatively affects their health. People don't want to eat right. Frequent use antibiotics lead to harmful effects on the mucous membrane.

Diet rules

The longer it is left untreated, the longer the intestine will become inflamed. The patient will feel discomfort in the body, bloating, fermentation, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence. The pain will increase. The goal is to reduce fermentation. Compliance with most of the proposed rules will lead to a positive result - an improvement in the condition. The doctor informs you about the diet conditions.

Stick to your meal schedule;
A balanced set of products, a variety of foods;
Do not eat foods containing fiber: whole grains, fruit peels, corn;
For colitis accompanied by constipation, ingredients containing soluble fiber. These are fruits, vegetable representatives, rolled oats, rice;
It is recommended to reduce the use of milk products;
It is advisable to use during a diet fish fat, vitamins;
The main thing is to prepare the products correctly;
Eat less unhealthy fried foods and do not overuse spices.

Allowed foods for colitis

Products allowed for intestinal diseases:

A person can allow himself to add sugar to his food and eat sweets in small quantities. The question about nuts is still unresolved. But oh beneficial properties has long been known.

Prohibited foods for colitis

Products prohibited for chronic illness:

Sausages, canned products, fatty meat and fish dishes;
Significant consumption of seasonings;
Fresh vegetables, berries, fruits: radish, pumpkin, beets;
Porridges made from millet, barley, pearl barley, products from the “legume” category;
Mushroom delicacy;
Whole wheat bread;
Butter rolls;
Cocoa products;
Ice cream.

Diet for various types of intestinal colitis

There are different types of colitis. They differ from each other in the cause of their occurrence, the intensity of the pain, and the affected area of the intestine. Intestinal colitis occurs in different ways. And each form requires an approach. A specific therapeutic diet is selected. In one variant it is accompanied by constipation, in another - diarrhea, in the third case - an ulcerative condition.

For constipation with bloating and flatulence, a set of laxative ingredients is used. When the symptoms of the disease are weakening, they consume a food set containing sugar: honey, fruits. Fats also will not cause significant harm to the body.

It is advised to exclude fresh vegetables and bananas. During remission, you can eat vegetables without processing, but in limited quantities.

A patient with a chronic disease with constipation can eat pumpkin, beets, carrots, cauliflower, zucchini, and celery.

Apples and kefir are beneficial for colitis. Dried fruits are also allowed to be consumed in small doses.

Avoid foods that cause cramps.

Suggested menu:

Buckwheat porridge with butter; cottage cheese casserole with dried fruits;
Apples, biscuits in the oven;
First course of vegetables, steamed veal cutlets, stewed zucchini, dried fruit compote;
Recipes for a salad of grated boiled beets with the addition of prunes, sour cream dressing;
Vegetable casserole with minced meat.

Comes with diarrhea. The symptom of diarrhea leads to the opposite situation. The correct diet consists of a set of ingredients to normalize stool. It is recommended to reduce the number of meals. Five meals a day will do, without second breakfast and afternoon snack.

The ingredients suitable for use for diarrhea are the same as those allowed for constipation. These are steamed dishes, fresh baked goods, fatty meats. During this period, rice cereals and vermicelli are beneficial. Kissel is an important tool in normalizing the body’s condition. The liquid covers the mucous membranes and acts as protection against irritating components.

Daily menu:

Curd puffed biscuit, tea;
Milk porridge made from rice with an apple baked in the oven;
Boiled meat, potato soup, steamed fish, jelly;
Cottage cheese soufflé, tea;
Buckwheat krupenik.

It is important to remember that with diarrhea, toxins and waste are eliminated. The diet is designed to help the process.

Nonspecific (UC) – chronic illness, affecting the mucous membrane of the colon. At peptic ulcer disease apply food 4 times a day. In the morning and lunchtime, most of the proposed menu for the day is eaten. Food is served warm and prepared by boiling or stewing.

The main feature is tracking the resulting protein. During the stage of dehydration of the body, the amount of protein decreases. The normal value for women is 1.5 g, for men – 2 g per kilogram of weight.

Excess of the substance is also dangerous, as it causes suppuration in the intestines.

Eggs, cottage cheese, and cheese contain protein. A significant fat content should not be allowed; use during the day should not exceed 60 g. The normal carbohydrate intake is 250 g/day. Monitor your fiber levels.

Suggested set of dishes for the day for nonspecific colitis:

Rice porridge;
First course of potatoes with meatballs;
Steamed cutlet, rice, baked apple;
Potato soup with meat balls, baked vermicelli with minced meat;
Fish cutlet, puree.

This set is distributed for a week.

Nuances in nutrition in acute and chronic form

Proper nutrition is especially necessary when the disease occurs in acute or chronic forms. The diet is called 4a. Has a strict diet.

The first day during an exacerbation is fasting. It's better not to eat. You need to drink water regularly, a lot. Herbal tea and berry infusions are useful as a drink. It is acceptable to eat several crackers throughout the day.

Increase the amount of food you eat every day. The food basket should not irritate the gastrointestinal tract. The menu is compiled by a doctor who carefully monitors the patient.

There is an exacerbation of a periodic nature. At acute colitis You can eat soups made from broths, into which a slimy decoction of cereals is poured. When remission occurs, do not give up the correct diet.

Nutrition should be balanced, without junk food. The first week will end the inflammation will pass process, you can expand your diet.

Allows the consumption of baked goods; fatty foods are allowed only in limited quantities. Milk is allowed for those who have good tolerance to the product. All details of the diet must be agreed with a specialist.

Diet for colitis is a necessary step in curing the disease.

When a patient is diagnosed inflammatory lesion intestinal mucosa, i.e., then one of the mandatory requirements for successful treatment is strict adherence to therapeutic dietary ration nutrition.

Subject to gentle dietary regimen the patient helps the intestines normalize their activity, ensures complete absorption of nutrients, microelements and vitamin substances, normalizes body weight and strengthens immune status.

Normal gastrointestinal activity has a positive effect on healing process and the patient’s psyche, improves night sleep, eliminates irritability, relieves uncomfortable symptoms in the intestines and restores normal stool.

What can't you eat?

IN daily diet A patient with colitis is prohibited from including foods and dishes that promote fermentation processes, putrefaction in the intestines, as well as gas-forming foods.

A similar effect occurs due to the consumption of legumes and coarse fiber. plant origin. It is not recommended to eat spicy seasonings, which have an irritating effect on the digestive tract.

Rich fish and meat broths;
Muffins and black bread;
Any mushrooms;
Legumes and pasta, fried or hard-boiled eggs;
Smoked, pickled and salted preparations;
Canned fish or caviar;
Fatty and fried meat, fish;
Vegetables, berries and fruits in raw form, jam, dried fruits and honey;
Whole milk and dairy products;
Cocoa or coffee with added milk;
All kinds of crackers, fast food, chips and nuts;
Seasonings like mustard or garlic, vinegar or pepper, etc.;
Fat (you can use a little butter);
Barley and wheat, barley and pearl barley.

Vegetable fats interfere with the normal absorption of nutritional components in the intestinal structures, so it is also recommended to limit them. In addition, such fats tend to speed up bowel movements, which is not good for diarrhea. The same applies to dairy products, especially if the patient has lactose intolerance.

Products that have a stimulating effect on the production of pancreatic enzymes and bile secretion processes, because these components increase the load on the liver, negatively affecting general flow colitis

What can you eat and drink?

The basis of the therapeutic diet for inflammation of the colon mucous tissues should be products that ensure normal, complete digestive processes and slow down bowel movements so that these products have time to be properly absorbed in the intestines.

Lean poultry and meat (rabbit, veal, skinless chicken, etc.), as well as steamed dishes prepared from them;
Biscuits, biscuits, crackers;
Eggs in the form of white omelets or soft-boiled;
Broths diluted with water or low-fat, with finely chopped vegetables or boiled cereals;
Baked or steamed low-fat fish;
Porridge in water, boiled, from oatmeal, rice or buckwheat;
Vegetables cooked by boiling or steaming: zucchini, potatoes, carrots or pumpkin, cauliflower. You can also make a casserole, soufflé, or puree from them;
A little butter, unsalted or mild cheeses, low-fat sour cream or cottage cheese are allowed;
You can drink tea, chocolate, coffee, non-concentrated or diluted fruit juices. Only plum, grape, and apricot juice are prohibited;
It is also allowed to consume oven-baked apples, preferably red and without peel, as well as bananas and pears; it is recommended to drink decoctions of rosehip, black currant, barberry or quince;
It is allowed to include marshmallows or marmalade, jelly and jelly in the menu;
Among the seasonings, you can add bay leaf, cinnamon and vanillin, a little herbs like parsley and dill to your dishes.

Food should provide the gastrointestinal tract structures with a gentle mode of operation, therefore, when preparing a dish, you need to grind it, prepare it as a puree or finely chop it, and eat it warm (not hot!!!).

Diet for various types of colitis

Although colitis is an inflammation of the intestines, for some it is individual species a special diet may be required. Therefore, we will consider the most popular options.

Ulcerative

Recipes

By adhering to therapeutic nutrition, patients improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, help the intestines get rid of pain and problems with stool. Here are examples of the most popular dietary dishes.

Vegetable soup

To prepare, you need to cut the cabbage into small strips and throw it into boiling water. Add potatoes, cut into small squares, and cauliflower inflorescences. Boil for about 10 minutes.

Separately, simmer the onion and carrots and add to the boiling broth with vegetables, cook again for 10 minutes. About 3 minutes before readiness, add finely chopped tomatoes to the soup. Served vegetable soup with low-fat sour cream.

Rice soup with poultry

You need to boil the rice and grind it through a sieve, and also grind the boiled chicken pulp. Combine rice with meat, add a little butter and salt, and boil everything. Serve puree soup with croutons.

Acute colitis is often combined with enteritis - inflammation small intestine. The causative agents of acute colitis are salmonella, less commonly viruses. Acute colitis can also be caused by eating disorders. Symptoms of acute colitis: nagging pain in the abdomen and a feeling of malaise with watery diarrhea. On palpation there is pain in the colon area. There may be erosion. There is an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the blood test.

On the first day the patient is given drinking plenty of fluids, unsweetened tea, from day 2 - a diet for colitis is prescribed, table No. 4, then 4B and 4B. Appointed antibacterial drugs, for example, enteroseptol.

Eneteroseptol is a drug that has an antibacterial and antiprotozoal (suppressing the proliferation of protozoa in the intestines) effect. Does not provide systemic action, affects only the intestines. This drug is especially recommended for stopping putrefactive processes in the colon. Effective for colitis caused by protozoa. You can use enteroseptol in cases of intolerance to antibiotics, together with sulfonamide drugs. Dosage: 1-2 tablets. Three times a day after meals. Gradually the dose can be reduced to 1 tablet. 2 times a day. The course of treatment is about 10 days, but should not exceed 5 weeks. Side effects: skin rashes, joint and muscle pain, runny nose, cough and inflammation of peripheral nerves. Not prescribed to patients with persistent disorders of the liver and kidneys.

Treatment of chronic colitis

At chronic colitis inflammation or atrophy occurs on the mucous membrane in your intestines. You may feel mild, aching or cramping pain, causing particular discomfort half an hour after eating. Flatulence or instability or irregular bowel movements may be a concern. The causes of chronic colitis can be either infectious or related to dietary errors. Chronic colitis may accompany dyspepsia or inflammation of the pancreas - pancreatitis, or be associated with uncontrolled use of antibiotics and sulfonamides.

For chronic colitis, you need to eat 6 times a day according to diet No. 4. Crackers from white bread, thinly sliced, crushed, low-fat semolina, rice soups, lean fish, meat, green tea. In case of severe exacerbation, a “starvation diet” is useful. If you suspect chronic colitis, you should contact a gastroenterologist, because this disease can masquerade as other gastrointestinal diseases, for example, pancreatitis.

Your doctor may prescribe you a course of probiotic medications, for example, Hilak.

Hilak - a drug for normalization acid-base balance in the intestines. The main component of the drug is lactic acid. The waste products of lactobacilli included in the drug have a beneficial effect on the mucous membrane of the large intestine, which suffers from chronic colitis.

Hilak is taken before or during meals, dissolved in a large amount of water, 3 times a day, 50 drops. Not used with antacids. Occasionally observed on Hilak allergic reactions. Hilak is safe during pregnancy.

Diet for colitis in acute and chronic form – main component treatment.

Diet for acute colitis

Diet for colitis acute form for the day it looks something like this:

1 breakfast: rolled oats porridge on the water, tea.
2nd breakfast: a glass of jelly.
Lunch: meat broth, meat soufflé, rice porridge on water, crackers.
Afternoon snack: rosehip decoction.
Dinner: steam cutlets from cod.
At night: a glass of milk.

Preferred Not fatty varieties skinless birds cooked in a steamer. Porridges are eaten from rice and semolina. Unleavened cottage cheese, blueberry jelly and cocoa in water are recommended.

Whole milk and dairy dishes, pickles, marinades and sour dishes are prohibited.

Diet for chronic colitis

Symptoms of this unpleasant disease as chronic colitis: abdominal pain and constipation, which alternate with diarrhea. Fatty, spicy and cold foods, foods with coarse fiber can provoke an attack.

A diet for colitis reduces inflammation, fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines. The dishes are mostly liquid, pureed, cooked in a double boiler. For chronic colitis you need to eat 5 times a day. Diet for colitis resolves flour products only white bread crackers, soups in weak meat broth with rice water, meatballs and egg flakes. Pasta and strong broths should be excluded. Lean beef, chicken, veal, skinless rabbit are allowed. Avoid fatty meats and sausages. Eat lean fish, and you will have to give up fatty, salted, smoked and canned fish. The only dairy products you can eat are unleavened, low-fat fresh cottage cheese. You can eat up to 2 soft-boiled eggs or a white omelet per day. Rice and buckwheat are allowed. Millet and barley grits. A patient with chronic colitis should not eat legumes. All types of snacks are excluded. No sauces, vinegar or seasonings, especially very hot ones. Seasonings allowed include cinnamon and vanillin. Blueberry, quince and pear jelly are allowed. Grapes, apricots, coffee with milk, very strong black coffee and cocoa are also not for your table.

Outside of an exacerbation, you can eat 200 g of raw apples per day. If there are signs of fermentation processes, increase the amount of protein at the expense of fish, meat, and cottage cheese.

Diet 4 for chronic colitis

Thin crackers.
Slimy soups made from rice and oatmeal with meatballs.
Meatballs, meatballs, chicken and beef cutlets.
Oat and buckwheat porridge on the water.
Steam omelet from 2 eggs.
Blueberry jelly, rosehip infusion, steam soufflé.

You can't eat:

Rye bread.
Sweet products made from flour.
Soups with pasta.
Strong broths.
Piece of meat.
Fatty fish.
Caviar.
Whole milk.
Hard boiled eggs.
Fried egg.
Pearl barley.
Beans.
Peas.
Natural fruits.
Candies.
Grape, apricot juices.

Diet 4a for chronic colitis

The diet for chronic colitis in the acute stage (table 4a) limits the content of carbohydrates (cereals, sugar) in the diet.

Such products are welcome on the patient's table as stale crackers, pureed cottage cheese, one soft-boiled egg, slimy soups, boiled fish, minced meat (put rice in cutlets instead of bread), decoction of currants, blueberries and kefir, dry biscuit, pureed steamed vegetables, non-acidic sour cream, curdled milk, jelly and tea, cocoa.

Diets for various types of colitis

Diet for ulcerative colitis

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory, predominantly autoimmune, intestinal disease. Proteins should predominate in the patient's diet. The main sources of protein are fish and cottage cheese, lean meat, soft-boiled eggs and in the form of protein omelettes. You can add 10 g of butter to dishes. Fats are limiting. The dishes are not fried. Liquid rice porridge with water, jelly and rosehip decoction in warm form, ripe fruits and vegetables in the form of puree are very useful. Diet for colitis involves fractional meals 5-6 times a day. The last meal is at 20 o'clock. Dinner should be very light. Do not eat fatty meats and mushrooms, spicy foods, salty foods, plums, coffee, chocolate, sauces, popcorn, and do not drink alcohol or soda.

Diet for colitis with constipation

Compliance with nutritional principles is an important component of the treatment of colitis with constipation. Food is taken 5 times a day. Products need to be crushed, they should not be hard. The basis of the diet is unsweetened cookies, soft cheese, kefir. Lightly fried cutlets, meatballs, pureed porridge with half and half milk, cereal soups in meat broth, pureed vegetables and compotes, boiled fruits and vegetables are allowed. They are rich in fiber and help fight constipation. The consistency of the dishes is liquid. It is permissible to consume 15 g of salt per day.

What you can't do:

Sweets (chocolate, creams).
Smoked meats, marinades.
Sausages.
Legumes.
Whole milk.
Fried foods.
Soda.
Alcohol.

Diet for colitis with diarrhea

Unsystematic eating, fried foods and helminthic infestations often lead to the development of colitis with diarrhea. Stool in patients with colitis is usually dense or unstable, that is, constipation alternates with diarrhea. Patients are bothered by rumbling in the stomach, belching and migraines. Allowed wheat bread, crackers and finely chopped boiled vegetables (potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin). The best meat is veal and chicken. Boiled bream and cod, zucchini, pumpkin and boiled or baked green pea. You can eat 3 soft-boiled eggs a day. Hard-boiled and fried eggs are prohibited. You can cook the omelette by steaming or in the oven. Desserts include curd puddings, jelly, compotes and mousses, marshmallows, pears and rosehip infusion, cinnamon as an additive to sweet dishes.

The colitis diet prohibits the following foods: Rye bread, fresh white and black bread, puff pastries and yeast dough, milk soups, borscht, cabbage soup, fatty meats, goose, duck, game, sausages, salty fish, milk, salted cheese, processed cheese, sausage cheese, pigtail cheese, beets, radishes, garlic, rutabaga, sorrel, horseradish, sauces, apricots, ice cream, cakes, plum juice, alcoholic drinks, kvass and coffee.

The diet needs to be followed for about a month. During the period of remission, soups with meat broth, boiled and raw vegetables are allowed. Alcohol, smoked meats, radishes, rutabaga, peppers, horseradish, beef fat, hot sauces, mayonnaise, kvass and coffee are excluded from the diet.

Diet for spastic colitis

Porridge, puree soup, vegetable purees, fruit purees, jellies, mousses, jelly, baked and boiled lean fish, baked and steamed and boiled lean meat. This can be eaten if colitis is accompanied by diarrhea.
If you have constipation, eat raw vegetables and fruits, fruit juices, vegetable juices, baked pumpkin.
Brew anise seeds and drink instead of tea. For a glass of water you need 1 teaspoon of seeds. The pain will go away and the release of gases will stop.

To combat spastic colitis, it is very important to avoid irritation, nervous overstrain. Live and enjoy what each new day brings!

Diet for catarrhal colitis

The diet for colitis in the initial, catarrhal stage should contain everything necessary substances, but be gentle on the intestinal mucosa. For the first two days, it is generally advisable to fast, drink only tea, mineral water and rosehip decoction. In the future, meals should be frequent (up to 6 times a day), but in small portions. Nutrition is aimed at preventing rotting processes in the intestines. Food should be boiled and chopped; milk, smoked meats, and legumes are excluded from the diet. Kissels, boiled vegetables and crackers, on the contrary, will benefit your health.

Diet for atrophic colitis

Diet for colitis with symptoms of atrophy of the intestinal mucosa is aimed at reducing acidity gastric juice, it mechanically spares the mucous membrane due to food intake in small portions 6 times a day, pureed, without coarse fiber. The distribution of the diet is as follows: the daily ration is 100 g of protein, 100 g of fat and 400 g of carbohydrates.

Fatty meat, baked goods, duck, goose, lamb, grapes, fatty bread, fatty fish, raw vegetables and fruits are prohibited for patients with atrophic colitis. Good to eat for breakfast applesauce With lemon juice, for second breakfast - buckwheat porridge or oatmeal. For lunch - wheat bread, cabbage soup or vegetable soup, boiled meat or tongue with porridge in water.

Can't eat fresh bread, milk, pea soup, salty, fatty, spicy dishes, onions, radishes, peppers, berries in fresh and cream products.

Diet for erosive colitis

The diet for colitis with ulcers should contain an increased amount of protein. They are found in meat, eggs, cottage cheese. Milk is contraindicated, and only lean meat is allowed. Possible semolina and rice porridges, rose hip decoction, weak tea with crushed crackers. Fruits are consumed pureed, in the form of puree. Boiled meat and white day-old bread are recommended. Dairy products are poorly tolerated. Everything fatty, chocolate, creams, mushrooms, plums are excluded.

Diet for pseudomembranous colitis

A diet for colitis involves a high protein content and a reduced amount of fat. With pseudomembranous colitis, avoid foods such as sausages, fresh bread, fatty meats, smoked and salty foods, legumes, millet cereals, coffee with milk, ice cream, scrambled eggs, kvass, apricot juice and apricots, grape juice and grapes. You can only eat boiled vegetables. Pears and plums need to be baked. Soups are eaten in the form of creams and purees, bread is eaten dried or yesterday's bread, in the form of crackers. It needs to be soaked. You should not eat very hot dishes or cold desserts. Fruit juices diluted with water, and pears and apples are peeled from skins and seeds. You will have to give up fatty, fried and smoked foods.

Diet for exacerbation of colitis

Diet for colitis in the acute stage chronic process includes products that are gentle on the intestinal mucosa: stale bread, mashed berries and half-and-half juice boiled water, fresh cheese, rosehip decoction, piece of meat, ungrated boiled vegetables, meat pies, cheesecakes, jams, tea with milk, coffee with milk. Exclude black bread, sausages, radishes, sorrel, onions, garlic, apricots and melons. Eat 50 g of fresh apples before meals.

Diet for colitis and enterocolitis

The diet for colitis and enterocolitis is selected by the attending physician, who takes into account the severity inflammatory process in the intestines. For colitis and enterocolitis without increased fermentation and putrefaction, diet 4 is prescribed. The patient is given strong tea without milk, cottage cheese strained through a sieve, yogurt, oatmeal and semolina soups. You can include chopped meat in the menu in the form of meatballs and quenelles. Rice and semolina on water and a stale bun. Cherry jelly, as well as black currant fruit, are useful drinks. Raw vegetables, unpeeled fruits and raisins should be limited if there is intense fermentation in the intestines. You can give the patient meat cutlets without bread. During remission, you can add a little milk to the porridge, for example a mild tomato.

Diet for gastritis and colitis

Diet for colitis and gastritis is diet table according to Pevzner 2. You can eat tea, cocoa, yogurt, low-fat chopped herring, milk in dishes, cream, butter, omelet, fish, vegetarian, cereal soups, fried fish without breading, chopped chicken, pureed cereals, vegetables, pureed fruit, sweet dishes without cream, compotes, jelly, mousses, jellies, fish sauces. For breakfast, you should definitely eat a soft-boiled egg, and for lunch, pureed vegetable soup or cereal soup. The role of first courses in therapeutic nutrition with gastritis and colitis is very high. Do not eat on the run, dry food, and do not be distracted while eating.

Diet for colitis in children

The diet for colitis in children should be physiological, contain enough protein, exclude intestinal irritants and foods that cause rotting and fermentation in it. These are smoked dishes, everything fried, whole milk, fatty meats, cabbage, beans and onions. All dishes must be cooked and pureed. Useful for diarrhea fasting days. If a child is prone to stool retention, it is useful to add more chopped boiled beets to his table. Weak broths, soft-boiled eggs, and jelly are useful. Prepare freshly squeezed apricot juice for your child if he suffers from constipation. Citrus fruits are excluded. Cream is good for you. Make sure your little sweet tooth doesn't reach the sweets. Use potato juice– give your baby ½ glass half an hour before meals.

The diet for colitis depends on its form, spares the intestinal mucosa as much as possible and helps you recover faster if you carefully follow it.

Colitis of the intestines - dangerous condition organism, which without a timely diagnosis and proper treatment can cause a lot of problems. The resulting complications of this disease lead to disruption of the digestive system, which is associated with certain inconveniences and painful sensations. Diet for intestinal colitis is an important component for quick disposal from illness.

Symptoms of the disease

This disease is characterized by symptoms such as pain in the abdomen, problems with stool (loose stools, constipation), gas formation, weakness, and deterioration of health. In case of such symptoms in mandatory You should consult a doctor to clarify the diagnosis and prescribe adequate therapy. Treatment of the disease consists of medication and therapeutic intervention. This means that after making a diagnosis, the attending physician prescribes pills and adjusts the patient’s diet and daily routine.

As a rule, for such a disease, doctors prescribe therapeutic diet No. 4, in some cases - its varieties: diets number 4a, 4b, 4c. To determine what diet you should follow, you need to consult your doctor.

How to quickly eliminate symptoms

For quick removal symptoms of the disease, you must follow the following recommendations and basic diet:

follow the recommendations of the attending physician;
remove from the diet foods that can cause increased gas formation;
exclude products from increased content carbohydrates, the basis of the diet should be foods containing protein;
it is necessary to introduce into the diet foods with the maximum content of useful and nutritious substances;
foods rich in fiber are excluded (limited) as they irritate the intestines and cause bouts of loose stool;
limit the amount of salt consumed;
it is necessary to replenish the fluid lost by the body daily (1.5 -2 liters per day);
organize frequent food consumption in small portions: about 6 meals;
the food being prepared must undergo heat treatment using a double boiler; the food can be boiled or stewed;
the last meal is taken several hours before going to bed;
the temperature consumed is moderate, eating hot (excessively cold) dishes is not allowed;
the consistency of the dishes served to the table is mushy, thoroughly crushed;
the side dish must be slightly overcooked so that it has a slimy consistency;
the main part daily ration should be consumed in the first half of the day;
The calorie content of consumed foods is minimal.

Acute symptoms

In the chronic course of the disease there are stages of exacerbation and remission. At acute stage the following symptoms are observed:

bloating, loose stools;
loss of appetite;
weakness of the body.

A diet prescribed during this period for intestinal colitis leads to a reduction in the symptoms of exacerbation, soothes the colon, and normalizes the functioning of the digestive tract. Since the diet provided by diet No. 4 for colitis does not provide the body essential microelements, then the time of its use is limited (period is about a week).

Dietary diet

During the period of exacerbation, they mainly consume food, rich in proteins, carbohydrate foods are excluded. It is strictly forbidden to consume dairy drinks, food that is difficult to digest, and limit water consumption. The diet for acute colitis prohibits the consumption of spicy, fatty, salty, fried food. Completely exclude alcohol, spices, legumes, and some types of vegetables and fruits. Products should not cause the formation of intestinal gases, bloating, or negative sensations in digestive system body.

As drinks you can use jelly, compotes, berry broth, mineral water (without gases). You can eat a little dietary meat, fish, in in rare cases-cottage cheese. It is better to cook meat and fish in the form of minced meat, cutlets, or soufflé. Rice porridge, semolina, and buckwheat are used as a side dish. You are allowed to eat three eggs a week, but it is advisable to cook them as an omelet (in a double boiler). Soups are prepared with vegetable broths; low-fat, weak broths can be used. Bakery products are allowed to be eaten in small quantity in a slightly stale form.

Many recipes indicate the use of spices. A diet for colitis allows the use of dill, parsley and bay leaf. Vegetables that cause increased gas formation are prohibited for consumption in any form. The foods consumed should contain B vitamins, potassium, calcium, vitamin A. The diet is designed in such a way that the number of calories consumed is no more than 2500 kcal, and fat consumption should be limited.

The diet for exacerbation of colitis is prescribed by the attending physician; it is important to strictly follow his recommendations and prescriptions, including adherence to sample menu, compiled by Dr. At adequate treatment can be expected positive results, stable remission.

What can you eat during remission?

During the period of remission of the disease, the menu is expanded. Food containing grains (muesli, bread, etc.) is additionally introduced into the diet, and the amount of vegetables and fruits is increased. You need to carefully select the vegetables and fruits you eat, since some of them can cause constipation, while others, on the contrary, cause loose stools. So, doctors recommend eating potatoes, green beans, cauliflower. Fruits must contain a limited amount of sugars and glucose, and the skin must be removed from the fruit.

The consumption of dairy drinks is strictly prohibited. Cheese, fermented milk drinks allowed for consumption in limited quantities. The diet for chronic colitis should both mechanically and chemically spare the intestines, which leads to recovery normal operation digestive system.

Features of nutrition for colitis of various etiologies

In medical practice, several types of colitis are distinguished, and for each individual scheme food consumption.

Spastic colitis

What kind of nutrition is needed for this type of intestinal colitis? A feature of the treatment of such a disease is the use of foods with quite high calorie content. Recommended to be easily digestible and maximum natural food. During the period of treatment of the disease with bright pronounced symptom irritable bowel disease, it is important to adhere to a strict diet for several days.

At spastic colitis recommended to consume fortified food, exclusion of food irritants to the intestines, limitation of salt intake (up to 6 g per day), exclusion of difficult-to-digest foods. The menu is based on soups, cereals, and boiled vegetables. At the same time, the food should contain a large number of fiber. After the attack is over, you must adhere to all the nutritional rules for such an illness in the acute stage.

Colitis of the intestines with constipation

The diet for intestinal colitis with constipation is in many ways similar to the diet for exacerbation of the pathology, and involves eating foods that stimulate intestinal motility. It is allowed to eat fruits that stimulate excretion feces(plum, prunes, dried apricots, apple).

Catarrhal colitis

Most doctors recommend treating catarrhal colitis by fasting for several days: during this period, only drinking is allowed ( mineral water without gases, tea, rosehip compote). After two days, the same menu is used to treat the disease as for the acute form of the disease.

Erosive colitis

For erosive colitis, a diet high in protein (meat, fish, eggs, cottage cheese) is prepared. Fatty foods are excluded, the consumption of dairy drinks, chocolate, and mushrooms is strictly prohibited. The basis of treatment is the same diet as for exacerbation of colitis.

Pseudomembranous colitis

To cure pseudomembranous colitis, reduce the amount of fats and carbohydrates consumed in food. The basis of nutrition is vegetables that have undergone heat treatment. Fruits allowed for consumption (pear, plum, apple) also undergo heat treatment. In this case, all seeds and skins are removed from the fruit. Stale bread must be soaked before use.

When treating inflammation of the sigmoid colon, follow the basics of the diet for acute colitis. Exclude products causing formation intestinal gases, bloating. The diet involves limiting fats and carbohydrates contained in food, consuming foods that normalize the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. The diet must be organized in such a way as to reduce the load on the intestines.

If this disease develops with pancreatitis therapeutic treatment aimed at normalizing the functioning of the intestines and pancreas. In case of exacerbation of diseases, an adult patient must fast during the first two days, after which a diet is applied. The diet includes strict limitation of foods containing fiber. All food undergoes heat treatment and is thoroughly crushed before consumption.