No boiling water. Is boiled water healthy? What to drink - boiled or raw

How many minutes should water boil? How to boil water correctly?

Now it is best to first pass the water through a filter, and then boil it until the first bubbles appear and turn it off.

If there is no filter, and the water smells of chlorine, then it is better to first let the water sit for several hours.

If the quality of the water is questionable and there is no filter, then I think that, as an exception, you can boil the water longer, about 15 minutes, to kill pathogenic microbes. Of course, such water becomes harmful chemical composition, you can’t drink it every day.

I will share my answer with the readers. If the water is very rusty, this happens after a water supply accident, and there is no other water, I boil it for 20 minutes, all the rust precipitates. That is, first just boil, and do not turn off the gas and reduce it to the lowest setting, and keep the kettle on the fire for 20-30 minutes, and then wait a little. All the rust falls down, and the water is safe to drink. But this, of course, is an emergency measure. It's better to buy bottled)

I usually boil tap water until it boils completely - large bubbles - and immediately turn it off. Before doing this, I leave it for a day so that the chlorine disappears and the hypochlorite is used up and oxidized. I will kill the main microbes with regular boiling. You can also simply boil spring water that is not crystal clear and turn off the gas. And if you are very unsure of the purity of the water, you can do the same as with rust - boil it and continue to boil on low gas for 20-30 minutes. During this time everything dangerous germs will be killed. It's almost sterilization.

My tips for those who don't have a filter. I don't have one. If you have a filter, of course, you first need to filter the water and then boil it.

Water for tea is boiled until the first spring, that is, when it just begins to boil, just when the first bubbles begin to appear. But to do this, you first need to filter the water, then you will succeed proper tea. And for green tea, you generally need to boil at no more than 90 degrees. And under no circumstances should you boil water again, it becomes heavy.

You don't have to boil the water. Don't be surprised by such a bold statement. The fact is that Louis Pasteur discovered a long time ago that already at 60 degrees many die pathogenic microbes. The pasteurization of juices, milk and many liquids is based on this principle. When fully boiled, brought to 90 degrees, the air completely leaves the water, and it becomes essentially dead.

It is enough to heat the water to 60 degrees so that at least a little dissolved air remains in it. By the way, there are varieties of tea that are brewed hot water no higher than 70 degrees.

We have been drinking spring water unboiled for many years. Beautiful ice water The taste cannot be compared with boiled one.

First, filter the water and then start boiling.

I don’t think it’s worth boiling water for a long time

Everything, as they say, is at your discretion.

In our case 5-7 minutes will be enough to boil.

You can, of course, not filter the water.

But unfiltered water contains more chlorine and bacteria.

Tap water in cities is usually chlorinated, so it is sterile. If you need to brew tea or coffee, then just bring it to a boil, but do not boil (that’s what they say on tea bags). In principle, it is not even necessary to bring it to a boil; it is enough to heat it to the temperature at which you can brew tea (or coffee). I’m not a tea drinker or a coffee lover, so I won’t touch on the intricacies of brewing. If the water is natural (from a river, lake, well, spring, swamp, from a puddle, from a goat’s hoof) and is not chlorinated, then it is boiled in order to kill the possible substances contained in it. pathogenic bacteria. Bacteria are different. Some die even in lukewarm water, others can withstand even boiling for an hour, so to get rid of them, you need to boil in an autoclave (at a temperature of at least 130 degrees Celsius). There are even those who live in geysers. Therefore, the longer you boil the water, the safer it is, but not a 100% guarantee in any case. Therefore, you choose a compromise at your own peril and risk, boil for half a minute, five minutes or two hours.

Don’t listen to all sorts of stories from illiterate people about heavy water. Yes, in ordinary water (H2O) there is also heavy water (D2O), and it (in pure form, that is, if you completely replace ordinary water with heavy water) is really harmful to the body. But, fortunately, its content in ordinary water is hundredths of a percent, and when boiling its content, if it increases, is only by billionths of a percent, and not several times, as experts say.

The amount of scale from boiling will almost not increase (if you have hard water, then more than 90% of the scale falls out even before the water begins to boil, and further prolonged boiling does not increase the amount of scale that falls out. Yes, and carbon filters will not reduce the amount of hardness salts, they can adsorb only organic impurities.

When the water boils, you can immediately turn it off, since everything that could be bad in it dies immediately. Moreover, tap water is not toxic and there is nothing fatal in it, that is, there is nothing to die from and there is nothing to cook in it.

If you boil for too long, you will only accelerate the formation of scale in your appliances.

Maybe since you have such water, you should first pass it through a carbon filter. and after that boil. Tap water generally contains chlorine, and the longer you boil such water, the more harmful it will be. Usually water is boiled for 5 minutes maximum. And in your case, you should first filter. and only then put it to boil.

It is better to first pass tap water through a filter; you can purchase the simplest plastic one in the form of a carafe.

This filtered water is even drunk raw.

As for how many minutes to boil, it depends on the amount of water in the kettle.

According to the rules, raw water should not be brought to a boil - literally until the first bubbles appear, then it retains its useful microelements and one might say it is living water. This water even tastes sweet.

If you doubt the quality of the water, then you can boil it longer - a couple more minutes after boiling and the appearance of large bubbles.

In general, if water is suspicious, it is better not to drink it.

Today there are practically no people who drink “raw” tap water. The condition of city water supply systems and the environmental situation in the country leave much to be desired. To protect themselves, people buy bottled water, use filters for purification, or simply boil it. In this article we will look at what happens to water after heat treatment, and also answer the question, is boiled water good or bad?

From this article you will learn:

What does boiled water bring: benefit or harm?

Twice boiled water - benefit or harm

What do experts think about boiled water?

How to make boiled water healthier

Boiled water - benefits and harm?

Before we begin to describe useful and harmful properties boiled water, let's say a few words about its processing. Most often, water is exposed to heat in a kettle or pan. Boiling of water is possible only at a temperature of +100 °C. Signs of boiling are bubbles and a bubbling consistency on the surface of the water.

It is also known from the school physics course that boiling is defined as a change in the phase state of a liquid, its transformation into a vapor state upon reaching a certain temperature. H2O (water), which is familiar to us, transforms into this state at a temperature of +100 °C.

Each of us has at least once observed the process of boiling water. First, the walls and bottom of the container in which boiling occurs are covered with small bubbles. Over time, the number of small bubbles increases, the water begins to become cloudy, then turn white, and finally large bubbles form, bubbling vigorously and splashing the liquid.

Any person, when answering the question about the need to boil water, will most likely give three main arguments:

disinfection;

getting rid of impurities;

softening “hard” water.

A temperature of +100 °C can kill most pathogenic bacteria and purify water. But few people take into account the fact that the boiling process should take some time. As a rule, to achieve maximum effect, you need to boil water for 10-15 minutes. But, admit it, we very rarely leave the kettle for such a long time.

The process of getting rid of impurities is used more often. The scale that forms on the walls of kettles and saucepans is chlorine and mineral salts previously dissolved in water. But we rarely remember that it takes a long time for all the crystallized deposits to settle. Along with boiling water poured into a cup of tea or coffee, we also add a significant proportion of chemical substances(draft). Such an “additive” is 100% likely to settle in the kidneys and after a while turn into stones.

Crystallization of calcium and magnesium salts can soften hard water. But such a process has its pros and cons. Water is the most beneficial for humans medium hard, the composition of which is balanced.

Boiled water – benefits and harms according to research

Opponents of boiling emotionally describe the process of bringing water to +100 °C. They claim that part of it is converted into heavy water. In the chemical formula of such a substance, hydrogen (H) is replaced by its isotope, deuterium (D). A large amount of D 2 O in the body is fraught with dire consequences. However, the Soviet academician Petryanov-Sokolov in his research showed that to obtain one liter of water containing a high percentage of D 2 O equal to at least 0.15 (ten times higher than that obtained in a kettle under normal conditions), it will be necessary to boil a volume of water three hundred million times exceeding the mass of planet Earth.

Harm from boiled water

The benefits and harms of boiled water for the body depend on the duration of temperature exposure. Not all microorganisms die at temperatures below +100 °C or during short boiling. The harm of water containing pathogenic microbes is obvious.

During the boiling process, water loses the necessary human body oxygen. The molecules of this gas are able to attach other substances to themselves and deliver them to the blood and cells of the whole body. Water without free oxygen does not cause harm, but there is no benefit after such boiling.

Doctors speak differently about the benefits and harms of boiled water. For example, pediatrician Evgeny Komarovsky highlights the fact that boiled water is unnatural for living organisms. Among the diversity of species on our planet, not one drinks such water. This once again confirms that boiled water is not necessary for life.

Scale on the walls and bottom of the kettle is harmful to health. But even if all boiling conditions are met (duration and temperature regime), as well as thorough filtration from scale particles frequent use harms human health. Boiled water washes mineral salts from bones and other tissues and does not nourish them with any other microelements. This situation can only be corrected constant reception microelements and vitamins in the form of food supplements.

The benefits of boiled water

This is not to say that boiled water does not benefit the body. Thermally treated liquid, like any other product, has its pros and cons.

All of the above contributes to weight loss. These methods are most effective when combined with exercise and proper nutrition.

Warm boiled water helps relieve sore throats and get rid of nasal congestion. In the case of a neutral composition of the liquid subjected to boiling, improvement of the condition is impossible.

Drinking a glass of boiled water on an empty stomach provides quick awakening all systems of the body and allows you to quickly transition to a working state. This morning habit is beneficial for digestion, nervous and endocrine system, and is also useful for skin and muscle tone.

Based on the above arguments, we can conclude that boiled water is healthy! Maximum benefit is achieved by boiling not tap water, but bottled spring or artesian water.

Twice boiled water: benefits and harms

To make coffee and tea, on the advice of doctors, you should use only water that has been boiled once, that is, before each meal you need to empty the kettle and fill it with new water.

But why don't doctors recommend re-boiling? What are the benefits and harms of boiled water that has been cooked twice for the body? This will require consideration of both physical and Chemical properties life-giving moisture. Let's see what harm repeated boiling can do.

Why do you need to boil water repeatedly? After all, even during the first boiling, all bacteria die. There is no need for repeated heat treatment. Is laziness to blame for everything when you don’t want to fill the kettle again? We will look into these issues.

Water becomes tasteless after boiling.

When boiled repeatedly, water becomes completely tasteless. Some will say that raw water also has no taste. But let's do a little experiment.

Try drinking water from the tap, water from a filter, once boiled and repeatedly boiled at equal intervals. All these liquids different taste. When you drink water that has been boiled several times, an unpleasant aftertaste (metallic taste) remains in your mouth.

Boiling “kills” water.

The more often water is boiled, the less useful it is. Oxygen evaporates, disrupting normal chemical formula H 2 O. Therefore, such water is called dead.

Boiling does not remove impurities and salts from water.

What happens to water when it is reheated? Along with oxygen, water also leaves. For this reason, the salt concentration increases. Such changes are not immediately felt by the body.

This drink is low toxic. But heavy water slows down all reactions. The isotope of hydrogen (deuterium) accumulates in the body, and this can cause harm to it.

Chlorinated water is most often boiled.

The heating process to +100 °C causes chlorine to react with organic substances. The result of this interaction is the formation of carcinogens, and frequent boiling leads to an increase in their concentration. Such substances harm the human body and lead to the development of cancer.

Already at the first boiling, water is not very useful, and repeated boiling makes it even more harmful. You should follow simple rules:

completely refresh the water in the kettle each time;

do not allow repeated boiling and do not mix boiled water with tap water;

let the water sit for several hours before boiling;

When preparing medicinal drinks, close the lid of the thermos only after a while.

How to make boiled water less harmful

If the water is not boiled “properly,” then a white foam forms on top of a glass of tea. Some attribute its appearance to a short boiling time, but in fact it is oxygen that has managed to leave the water. For this reason, fish cannot live in an aquarium filled with boiled water. In such conditions there is no oxygen, there is nothing to breathe, there is no food.

In the case of re-boiling cooled boiled water, the top will again form. white foam, which is surprising. It turns out that the water picks up oxygen, and we drive it out again when boiling. To prevent this destructive process from repeating, it is recommended to heat the water to desired temperature, but do not boil. Today many manufacturers offer big choice kettles, thermoses and coolers that allow heating to the desired temperature.

In order for a carrot seed planted in the ground to begin to grow, it must be watered. Why is this happening? Any cell or organism, be it a carrot or a human, requires water for its development. Water supplies the body's cells essential microelements. Carrots contain a lot of manganese, and beets contain a lot of copper. Carrot DNA attracts more manganese and for this reason it grows like carrots and not beets. Water helps send a signal to the soil telling it to grow.

Each vegetable combines the substances it requires, regardless of where it grows (on or above the ground). It's the same with us. If we feed the body the same way, then instead of 250 types of cells we will have only 150. This is similar to what we sow different vegetables, and only one carrot will grow.

Raw water benefits cells in the form of nutrients and this necessitates its use.

The presence of free, active water in the body, not bound by waste, allows food fragments to easily enter the cell. At the same time, the cell is saturated and performs its function, or doubles to remove any waste substance from the body. To transport an enzyme or hormone created by a cell, freely circulating water is needed.

Most problems in the body are solved with water. Our skin is also capable of absorbing water, which means water procedures also provide benefits to human health. Water reserves can be partially replenished by simply taking a bath with clean water body temperature for 10–15 minutes. Therefore, if you cannot force yourself to drink a lot of water, then make water procedures – a bath and a swimming pool – a habit. Plus, such procedures perfectly relieve tension and stress and can be done as often as you wish.

Drink good water and be healthy. To purify water at home, you can use not only boiling, but also various filters. On Russian market There are many companies that develop water treatment systems. It is quite difficult to choose one or another type of water filter on your own, without the help of a professional. And even more so, you should not try to install a water treatment system yourself, even if you have read several articles on the Internet and it seems to you that you have figured it out.

It is safer to contact a filter installation company that provides a full range of services - specialist consultation, analysis of water from a well or well, selection of suitable equipment, delivery and connection of the system. In addition, it is important that the company provides filter maintenance.

our company Biokit offers wide choose reverse osmosis systems, water filters and other equipment that can return tap water to its natural characteristics.

Our company’s specialists are ready to help you:

connect the filtration system yourself;

understand the process of choosing water filters;

select replacement materials;

troubleshoot or solve problems with the involvement of specialist installers;

find answers to your questions over the phone.

Trust water purification systems from Biokit - let your family be healthy!

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What happens to all these substances when water boils? Bacteria and viruses definitely die at the first boil, so this is simply necessary for water disinfection. Especially if the water is taken from a dubious source - a river or a well.

Salts heavy metals Unfortunately, they do not disappear from the water, and when boiling, their concentration can only increase due to the fact that a certain volume of water evaporates. How larger number boiling, the higher the concentration harmful salts. But, according to scientists, their number is still not enough to cause significant harm to the body at one time.

As for chlorine, during boiling it forms a lot of organochlorine compounds. And the longer the boiling process lasts, the more such compounds appear. These include carcinogens and dioxins that can cause negative impact on the cells of the human body. Scientists during the laboratory research found that such compounds appear even if the water was purified with inert gases before boiling. Certainly, harmful effect such water will not be noticeable immediately; aggressive substances can accumulate in the body quite long time, and then lead to development serious illnesses. To harm the body, you need to drink this water every day for several years.

According to British woman Julie Harrison, who has great experience research into the influence of lifestyle and nutrition on the occurrence cancerous tumors, each time water is boiled, the levels of nitrates, arsenic and sodium fluoride become higher. Nitrates are converted into carcinogenic nitrosamines, which in some cases cause leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other types of cancer. Arsenic can also cause cancer, heart pathologies, infertility, neurological problems and, of course, poisoning. Sodium fluoride has a negative effect on cardiovascular system, and in large doses can lead to sudden changes blood pressure and dental fluorosis. Substances that are harmless in small quantities, for example, calcium salts, become dangerous when boiling water repeatedly: they damage the kidneys, promote the formation of stones in them, and also provoke arthrosis and arthritis. Repeatedly boiled water is especially not recommended for children, since high content the sodium fluoride in it can seriously harm their mental and neurological development.

Another fact in favor of the inadmissibility of repeated boiling is the formation of deuterium in water - heavy hydrogen, the density of which also increases. Plain water turns into "dead" constant use which is at risk of death.

However, scientists are of the opinion that the concentration of deuterium in water, even after several heat treatments, is negligible. According to the research of academician I.V. Petryanov-Sokolov, to obtain one liter of water with a lethal concentration of deuterium, you will have to boil more than two tons of liquid from the tap.

By the way, water boiled several times does not change its taste better side, so the tea or coffee made from it will not be what it should be!

The benefits and harms of boiled water are a subject of debate among many researchers. It is not completely known how heated to high temperatures liquid. Let's highlight the known and indisputable facts: is boiling dangerous or necessary?

Why do they boil water?

Water exposed to high temperatures is disinfected. Bacteria, viruses, microorganisms die. IN major cities the water supply contains a large number of chlorine and other chemical impurities. It is believed that after boiling these compounds are neutralized. Another purpose of heating water to 100 C is to soften hardness.

Important! To achieve softening, disinfection and neutralization of chemical elements, you need to boil water for at least 15 minutes. In this case, the benefits of boiled water for the human body will be more obvious.

Most often, people carry out this procedure faster. The reason is haste, ignorance or the use of electric kettles with automatic shut-off. After heating, the water must stand for some time so that the sediment falls to the bottom. Otherwise, chemical elements do not have time to settle and enter the body, causing harm to joints, kidneys and liver.

The boiling procedure is the process of converting water from a liquid state to a vapor state. In physics, the following stages of this process are distinguished:

air bubbles rise from the bottom of the container and group at the walls of the container;
the phenomenon is a “white spring”, when the liquid becomes cloudy and seething occurs like the flow of spring water. Often people at this stage think that hot boiled water is ready to use, but it is not;
the last stage is steam formation and strong bubbling, water often splashes from containers.

It is important to wait another 10-15 minutes after the last point.

Is it healthy to drink boiled water?

After the boiling procedure, it is better to pour the liquid from the kettle into another container for further storage. It is recommended to get rid of scale each time and only then pour in a fresh portion of water.

Boiled liquid loses its row useful elements: magnesium, oxygen, calcium, but at the same time it becomes softer.

There is a claim that boiled water on an empty stomach is beneficial if it is slightly warmer than body temperature. You can also heat the purified liquid - the effect will be the same. This improves intestinal function and, as a result, accelerates metabolism. In the morning, such a liquid will charge the body, improve blood circulation, and improve brain activity.

Warm boiled water will eliminate cold symptoms. To do this, you need to cool the hot liquid and take it in small sips. Will smooth out painful sensations in the throat, and nasal congestion will go away. Do not use hot water, otherwise you can worsen the disease, because the mucous membranes of the throat will become even more inflamed.

Is boiled water harmful to the body?

The harm from drinking boiled water is due to the presence of four indicators: chlorine content, an increase in harmful compounds, destruction of the molecular structure and the uselessness of the boiling procedure against some viruses.

Chlorine and the emergence of new compounds

Chlorination of water is necessary for disinfection, but along with the benefits, this procedure is harmful. By combining with organic substances, chlorine creates new dangerous elements. Medicines and vitamins can become harmful to humans. As a result of such processes, the body’s metabolism changes, disruptions occur hormonal system, immunity decreases.

When boiling, chlorine and all its compounds react with organic matter and form trihalomethanes and dioxins. These substances harm the body, poisoning it gradually in small doses. Dioskines can cause cancer and change cells at the genetic level.

Increased amount of harmful salts

Harmful salts precipitate after boiling. Don't drink all the water from the kettle. The bottom contains metal salts, carcinogenic chlorine and non-volatile organics. All of them can lead to kidney stones, blood poisoning and other ailments.

Destruction of the molecular structure of water

“Dead” is what scientists call water after boiling. After heating to 100 C, water loses this property. Such a liquid cannot satisfy a person’s need for moisture. People who consume only “dead water” age faster and are more susceptible to various diseases.

Viruses and bacteria

Studies of boiled water for health benefits and harm have proven that not all microorganisms and viruses die in such liquid. Botulism spores will die only after 5 hours of continuous heating to 100 C, hepatitis after 30 minutes.

Many scientists claim that boiled liquid will again acquire viruses and germs after 5 hours.

Is it possible to drink re-boiled water?

Repeatedly boiling water will harm humans even more. The following negative consequences are identified:

deterioration taste qualities, the appearance of a metallic taste;
the concentration of harmful salts, chlorine and other metal impurities will increase even more;
Twice-boiled water becomes more toxic and deprived of oxygen.

You can boil the same liquid as many times as you like, but you will not be able to get rid of petroleum products, herbicides and heavy metals.

Which water is better to drink: boiled or raw?

If the choice is between raw water from the tap and boiled, then of course it is better to choose the second option. It is unknown how many bacteria, chlorine and other compounds are contained in a city liquid or a well in a village.

Important! To reduce the chlorine content, it is useful to leave the tap liquid in an open container for at least a day before boiling.

Boiled water with lemon will benefit those who want to lose weight. In this case, the unpleasant taste will be neutralized by citrus. Drinking a glass warm water with a teaspoon of juice half an hour before meals, you can cleanse the body of harmful carcinogens and improve metabolism. To increase efficiency, you need to add to the procedure physical exercise and proper nutrition.

It is better to give preference to bottled water or filtered water. Fluid purification devices are now available. These can be jugs or cleaning systems attached to a pipe.

To assess the quality of tap water, you can send it to a laboratory for analysis. Based on the data received, select the appropriate filter. As a rule, in megacities, the water flowing from the tap is more hard, saturated chemical compounds. In villages, well water is softer, but it may contain pathogenic bacteria and microorganisms.

Boiled water during pregnancy

Pure liquid is important for a pregnant woman and has the following effects:

increases blood volume;
ensures good blood circulation;
participates in the process of formation of amniotic fluid;
resists the formation of stretch marks.

To replenish moisture, it is better to drink bottled water highest category With increased content oxygen.

Is it possible to give boiled water to a baby?

It is better to give infants water from bottles. It is worth choosing manufacturers who produce water for children with a “+0” mark on the container. Boiled liquid from a tap can harm a developing small organism.

Rules for drinking boiled water

After the procedure, it is important to store water in another container - preferably glass;
Every time the kettle must be descaled: the better the cleaning is done, the safer the new batch;
Do not mix raw and boiled water for further heating. Substances in the two liquids react and form deuterium, a substance that can cause cancer;
more benefits from water that is pre-purified using filters before boiling;
It is better to consume the liquid immediately, without waiting for it to cool completely;
Having poured boiling water into a thermos, close it after a few minutes, but not immediately;
repeated boiling increases the concentration of harmful substances.

Considering the benefits and harms of boiled water for the body, you should limit the use of such liquid for preparing hot drinks. To quench your thirst, it is better to drink purified raw water.

Conclusion

The benefits and harms of boiled water are not exaggerated. To maintain health, it is better to boil water for tea or coffee from bottles. Filters can also improve the quality and health of drinks. If only boiling is available for disinfection, then you must carefully use this method. IN otherwise there is a risk of catching coli or become more infected dangerous illnesses. At correct use Boiled water will be beneficial, but will be harmful to health if you neglect the recommendations for use.

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When we prepare food, we are often guided by the knowledge received from our parents. Admit it, how many times have you been told that water cannot be boiled twice? Or that water will boil faster if you add salt to it? In this article we want debunk a few myths, which most housewives believe in.

The most common myths about boiling

How do you think, which will boil faster: hot water or cold? If we are guided by the scientifically proven fact that hot water freezes faster than cold water (this is the so-called Mpemba effect), we can assume that cold water will boil much faster than hot water. No matter how it is!

There is a simple logical explanation for this. To boil cold water You need to preheat it, so hot water will boil faster. But if you boil the water from the tap, it is better to pour cold water into the pan, since hot water contains much more salts and impurities from city pipes.

Salted water boils faster. Surely, you have noticed more than once that if you throw salt into the water while heating, bubbles immediately appear on the surface of the water. This seems to speed up the boiling process, but this is not entirely true.

To increase the water temperature by at least 1 degree, you need to place at least 100 g of salt in the water. But then yours will be “slightly” over-salted.

The truth about alcohol in dishes. For some reason many people think that alcohol evaporates before the water boils. Indeed, to boil, for example, wine, you will need to heat it to 78 degrees. But when you cook, alcohol is mixed with the same water and other ingredients, and in the mixture it does not behave the same as in its pure form. Even if you cook a dish for three hours at a temperature above 80 degrees, at least 5% alcohol will still remain in the dish.

How do you feel about reboil water in a teapot? They say that this should not be done because the water becomes heavy when boiled again. What is heavy water? This is water with heavy hydrogen. Just think, to get 1 liter of heavy water, you need to re-boil the kettle great amount water, which will exceed the mass of the Earth by 300 million times.

We hope that you learned something new from this article. Did you know that a warm pan can be placed in the refrigerator? More detailed information you can learn from the article about. Share this interesting information with your friends!