What microelements are necessary for a person? Lack of microelements - what does it lead to? Cellulite and local fat deposits

Chemical elements in the human body

Of the 92 naturally occurring chemical elements 81 is present in the human body. Minerals are part of all liquids and tissues. Regulating more than 50,000 biochemical processes, they are necessary for the functioning of the muscular, cardiovascular, immune, nervous and other systems; take part in the synthesis of vital compounds, metabolic processes, hematopoiesis, digestion, neutralization of metabolic products; are part of enzymes, hormones (iodine in thyroxine, zinc - insulin and sex hormones), affect their activity.

The presence of a number of minerals in the body in strictly defined quantities is an indispensable condition for maintaining human health. It is important to remember that macro- and microelements are not synthesized in the body; they come from food products, water, air. The degree of their absorption depends on the state of the respiratory and digestive organs. The metabolism of minerals and the water in which they are dissolved are inseparable, and key elements are deposited in the tissues and, as needed, are extracted into the blood. The set of processes of absorption, distribution, assimilation and excretion in the form of non- organic compounds substances make up mineral metabolism.

Minerals enter the human body mainly through food in an inactive state and are activated, forming various compounds with high-molecular proteins. The mineral content varies depending on the season. In spring, the level of macro- and microelements decreases, and in early autumn it increases.

Organism healthy person has a fairly clear system of self-regulation. When there is an excess intake of macro- and microelements, the elimination system begins to work. In the gastrointestinal tract, the absorption of elements is blocked, followed by their excretion in feces. A defect in any link is the cause of an excess or deficiency of an element, or an imbalance of others biological substances(hormones, vitamins, enzymes) involved in complex regulatory processes, and manifests itself with clinical symptoms.

To systematize information about the content and physiological role of chemical elements in the body in last decades A number of classifications have been proposed. One of the principles of classification is the division of chemical elements into groups, depending on the amount of their content in the body of mammals and humans.

The first group of this classification consists of “macroelements”, the concentration of which in the body exceeds 0.01%. These include O, C, H, N, Ca, P, K, Na, S, Cl, Mg. In absolute values ​​(based on average weight human body is 70 kg), the content of these elements ranges from more than forty kg (oxygen) to several g (magnesium). Some elements of this group are called “organogens” (O, H, C, N, P, S) due to their leading role in the formation of the structure of tissues and organs.

The second group consists of “microelements” (concentration from 0.00001% to 0.01%). This group includes: Fe, Zn, F, Sr, Mo, Cu, Br, Si, Cs, J, Mn, Al, Pb, Cd, B, Kb. These elements are contained in the body in concentrations from hundreds of mg to several g. However, despite the “low” content, microelements are not random ingredients of the biosubstrates of a living organism, but components of a complex physiological system, participating in the regulation of the vital functions of the body at all stages of its development.

The third group includes “ultramicroelements”, the concentration of which is below 0.000001%. These are Se, Co, V, Cr, As, Ni, Li, Ba, Ti, Ag, Sn, Be, Ga, Ge, Hg, Sc, Zr, Bi, Sb, U, Th, Rh. The content of these elements in the human body is measured in mg and mcg. At the moment, the essential importance for the body of many elements from this group, such as selenium, cobalt, chromium, etc., has been established.

Another classification is based on ideas about the physiological role of chemical elements in the body. According to this classification, macroelements, which make up the bulk of cells and tissues, are “structural” elements. Essential (vital) microelements include Fe, J, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr, Mo, Se, Mn, and “conditionally essential” - As, B, Br, F, Li, Ni, Si, V Vital necessity or essentiality (from the English essential - “necessary”) is the most important property of chemical elements for the life of living organisms. A chemical element is considered essential if, in its absence or insufficient intake into the body, normal life activity is disrupted, development stops, and reproduction becomes impossible. Replenishing the missing amount of such an element eliminates clinical manifestations its deficiency and returns vitality to the body.

“Toxic” elements include AI, Cd, Pb, Hg, Be, Ba, Bi, Ti, and “potentially toxic” elements include Ag, Au, In, Ge, Rb, Ti, Te, U, W, Sn, Zr etc. The result of the influence of these elements on the body is the development of intoxication syndromes (toxicopathies).

Macronutrients

Silicon (Si).

Silicon is involved in the metabolism of more than 70 mineral salts and most vitamins. With its deficiency, the absorption of calcium, iron, cobalt, manganese, fluorine and other substances decreases and metabolism is disrupted.

Silicon colloids have the properties of “gluing” pathogenic microorganisms to themselves: influenza and rheumatism viruses, hepatitis and polyarthritis, pathogenic cocci and trichomonas, Candida and yeast fungi, forming complex compounds with them that are excreted from the body.

IN last years Arthritis has become significantly younger, the number of diseases has increased gastrointestinal tract and skin in children. All this is associated with a deficiency of silicon in the body due to a shift in nutrition towards refined foods. The deficiency of this substance, for example in children, today is 50 percent or more.

Due to its chemical properties, it provides invaluable assistance in creating charged colloidal systems in solutions. normal microflora intestines in maintaining the internal cleanliness of the body.

The human body cannot exist without silicon and its derivatives. Its deficiency or excess negatively affects work internal organs and the body as a whole.

Silica is involved in the formation of red blood cells. Silicon affects blood vessels in the same way as it affects plants - it determines the degree of elasticity and strength. With a lack of silicon, blood vessels become fragile and are more susceptible to narrowing.

Iron (Fe) in nature it is found in the form of minerals - magnetic iron ore. Iron is part of blood hemoglobin. With a lack of it in food, the synthesis of hemoglobin in the blood and the formation of iron-containing enzymes are sharply disrupted, and Iron-deficiency anemia. In medicine it is used to treat diseases associated with disruption of the normal state and functions of the blood and general nutrition of the body. Like other heavy metals, it precipitates proteins and produces compounds with them - albuminates, therefore it has a local astringent action. Contraindicated in case of fever, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, phenomena venous stagnation, organic diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Iron has the ability to accumulate (deposit) in the body. The daily dose of iron is 18 mg. Iron contains foods such as beans, buckwheat, vegetables, liver, meat, egg yolks, parsley, porcini mushrooms, baked goods, as well as rose hips, apples, apricots, cherries, gooseberries, white mulberries, strawberries.

Calcium (Ca) is the main component bone tissue, is part of the blood, plays an important role in regulating the growth processes and activity of cells of all types of tissues. When absorbed with food, calcium affects metabolism and promotes the most complete absorption of nutrients. Calcium compounds strengthen protective forces the body and increase its resistance to external adverse factors, including infections. Calcium deficiency affects the function of the heart muscle and the activity of certain enzymes. Calcium salts are involved in the process of blood clotting. Calcium is especially important for bone formation.

Macroelements - calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) have exclusively great importance for a growing organism; When there is a lack of calcium in food, the body begins to consume calcium, which is part of the bones, resulting in bone diseases. Calcium is a fairly common element, it makes up approximately 3.6% of the mass of the earth's crust, in natural waters there is soluble calcium bicarbonate Ca(HCOP)2. In nature, calcium is lime spar (CaSO3), phosphorite, apatite, marble, limestone, chalk, gypsum (CaS04, 2H20) and other minerals containing calcium. The skeleton of vertebrates consists mainly of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Egg shells and mollusk shells are composed of calcium carbonate salt. Daily requirement in calcium about 1000 mg. Calcium salts are used for various allergic conditions, increasing blood clotting, to reduce vascular permeability during inflammatory and exudative processes, for tuberculosis, rickets, diseases skeletal system etc. The most complete sources of calcium are milk and dairy products - cottage cheese, cheese. Milk and dairy products promote the absorption of it from other foods. Good sources of calcium are egg yolk, cabbage, soybeans, sprats, partial fish in tomato sauce. Calcium is found in the fruits of rose hips, apple trees, grapes, strawberries, gooseberries, figs, ginseng, blue blackberries, and parsley.

Potassium (K) occurs naturally as potassium chloride. Potassium is included in multivitamins with microelements in the form of potassium sulfate and is mainly used for metabolic disorders. If there is a lack of potassium in the body, cardiac arrhythmia may occur. Potassium maintains osmotic pressure in the blood, has diuretic effect. The daily requirement for potassium is 2500 mg. Potassium is contained in apples, cherries, wine grapes, ginseng, gooseberries, pineapples, bananas, dried apricots, potatoes, beans, peas, sorrel, cereals, and fish.

Magnesium (Mg). In the body, phosphorus metabolism is associated, in addition to calcium, with magnesium metabolism. Most of the magnesium is found in bone tissue. In blood plasma, red blood cells and soft tissues it is mainly found in an ionized state. Magnesium is a component of chlorophyll and is found in all foods of plant origin. This element is also a necessary component of animal organisms, but is found in smaller quantities than in plants (in milk 0.043%, in meat 0.013%). Magnesium salts are involved in enzymatic processes. It is known that diets high in magnesium salts have beneficial influence for older people and people with cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension and atherosclerosis. Magnesium also normalizes excitability nervous system, has antispasmodic and vasodilating properties and, in addition, the ability to stimulate intestinal motility and increase bile secretion, and is kept in an ionized state as part of bone tissue. The daily requirement for magnesium is 400 mg. As a trace element, magnesium is found in cinnamon rose hips, cherries, grapes, figs, gooseberries, beans, oatmeal and buckwheat, and peas. Meat and dairy products are characterized by low magnesium content.

Sodium (Na). The source of sodium for the human body is salt. Its importance for normal life is very great. It is involved in the regulation of osmotic pressure, metabolism, and in maintaining alkaline-acid balance. Due to table salt in food, the consumption of sodium chloride, which is part of the blood and of hydrochloric acid gastric juice. The release of sodium chloride from the body, and, consequently, the need for it is influenced by the amount of potassium salts received by the body. Plant foods, especially potatoes, are rich in potassium and increase the secretion of sodium chloride, increasing the need for it. The daily dose of sodium is 4000 mg. An adult consumes up to 15 g of table salt daily and excretes the same amount from the body. The amount of table salt in human food can be reduced to 5 g per day without harm to health. The release of sodium chloride from the body, and therefore the need for it, is influenced by the amount of potassium salts received by the body. Plant foods, especially potatoes, are rich in potassium and increase the secretion of sodium chloride, increasing the need for it. A lot of sodium, compared to other plant products, is found in blackberries and gooseberries. Sodium and potassium are found in all plant and animal foods. IN plant products more potassium, animals have more sodium. Human blood contains 0.32% sodium and 0.20% potassium.

Phosphorus (P). In the bones of vertebrates and in plant ashes in the form of Ca3(P04)2; is part of all tissues of the body, especially proteins of the nervous and brain tissues, and is involved in all types of metabolism. There are about 1.4 kg of phosphorus in human bones, 150.0 g in muscles, and 12 g in the nervous system. Of all phosphorus compounds highest value has calcium phosphate - an integral part of minerals; is included in various phosphorus fertilizers, as a separate element or in combination with ammonia and potassium. The daily requirement for phosphorus is about 1000 mg. Phosphorus preparations enhance the growth and development of bone tissue, stimulate hematopoiesis, and improve the functioning of the nervous system. Used in combination with other medicines(for example, with vitamin D, calcium salts, etc.). Phosphorus enters the body mainly through products of animal origin - milk and dairy products, meat, fish, eggs, etc. Largest quantity, compared to other microelements, phosphorus is contained in meat. There is a lot of phosphorus in gooseberries, as well as in apples, strawberries, figs, cinnamon rose hips, and gray blackberries.

Chloride anions (CL) enter the human body mainly in the form of sodium chloride - table salt, are part of the blood, maintain osmotic pressure in the blood, and are part of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Disturbances in chlorine metabolism lead to the development of edema, insufficient secretion of gastric juice, etc. Sharp decrease chlorine in the body can lead to a serious condition. The daily dose of chlorides is 5000 mg.

Microelements

Microelements are needed in biotic doses and their deficiency or excess in the body affects changes in metabolic processes, etc. Minerals play a huge physiological role in the human and animal body, are part of all cells and juices, determine the structure of cells and tissues; in the body they are necessary to ensure all vital processes of respiration, growth, metabolism, blood formation, blood circulation, the activity of the central nervous system and influence tissue colloids and enzymatic processes. They are part of or activate up to three hundred enzymes.

Manganese (Mn). Manganese is found in all human organs and tissues. There is especially a lot of it in the cerebral cortex, vascular systems. Manganese is involved in protein and phosphorus metabolism, in sexual function and in the function of the musculoskeletal system, participates in redox processes, with its participation many enzymatic processes occur, as well as the processes of synthesis of B vitamins and hormones. Manganese deficiency affects the functioning of the central nervous system and membrane stabilization nerve cells, on skeletal development, on hematopoiesis and immune reactions, on tissue respiration. The liver is a depot of manganese, copper, iron, but with age their content in the liver decreases, but their need in the body remains, they arise malignant diseases, cardiovascular, etc. The manganese content in the diet is 4...36 mg. The daily requirement is 2... 10 mg. Contained in mountain ash, brown rose hips, domestic apple, apricot, wine grapes, ginseng, strawberries, figs, sea buckthorn, as well as baked goods, vegetables, liver, and kidneys.

Bromine (Br). Highest content bromine is noted in the medulla, kidneys, thyroid gland, brain tissue, pituitary gland, blood, cerebrospinal fluid. Bromine salts participate in the regulation of the nervous system, activate sexual function, increasing the volume of ejaculate and the number of sperm in it. When bromine accumulates excessively, it inhibits the function of the thyroid gland, preventing the entry of iodine into it, causing the skin disease bromoderma and depression of the central nervous system. Bromine is part of gastric juice, affecting (along with chlorine) its acidity. The recommended daily requirement of bromine for an adult is about 0.5...2.0 mg. The bromine content in the daily diet is 0.4...1.1 mg. The main sources of bromine in human nutrition are bread and bakery products, milk and dairy products, legumes - lentils, beans, peas.

Copper (Cu). Copper affects the growth and development of a living organism, participates in the activity of enzymes and vitamins. Its main biological function is participation in tissue respiration and hematopoiesis. Copper and zinc enhance each other's effects. Copper deficiency causes disruption of hemoglobin formation, anemia develops, and mental development. There is a need for copper in any inflammatory process, epilepsy, anemia, leukemia, cirrhosis of the liver, infectious diseases. Do not store acidic foods or drinks in copper or brass containers. Excess copper affects the body toxic effect, vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea may occur. The copper content in the daily diet is 2...10 mg and accumulates mainly in the liver and bones. All vitamins with microelements contain copper within normal limits, while herbal vitamins contain quince (1.5 mg%). mountain ash, domestic apple tree, common apricot, fig, gooseberry, pineapple - 8.3 mg% per 1 kg, persimmon up to 0.33 mg%.

Nickel (Ni). Nickel is found in the pancreas and pituitary gland. The highest content is found in hair, skin and organs of ectodermal origin. Like cobalt, nickel has a beneficial effect on hematopoietic processes and activates a number of enzymes. With excessive intake of nickel into the body for a long time, dystrophic changes are observed in parenchymal organs, disorders of the cardiovascular system, nervous and digestive systems, changes in hematopoiesis, carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, dysfunction of the thyroid gland and reproductive function. There is a lot of nickel in plant products, sea fish and seafood, and liver.

Cobalt (Co). In the human body, cobalt performs various functions, in particular, it affects the metabolism and growth of the body, and is directly involved in the processes of hematopoiesis; it promotes synthesis muscle proteins, improves nitrogen assimilation, activates a number of enzymes involved in metabolism; is an essential structural component of B vitamins, promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and reduces the excitability and tone of the sympathetic nervous system. Content in the daily diet is 0.01...0.1 mg. Requirement 40...70 mcg. Cobalt is found in the fruits of domestic apple trees, apricots, wine grapes, strawberries, walnuts, milk, baked goods, vegetables, beef liver, legumes.

C inc (Zn). Zinc is involved in the activity of more than 20 enzymes, is a structural component of the pancreatic hormone, affects development, growth, sexual development boys, central nervous system. Lack of zinc leads to infantility in boys and to diseases of the central nervous system. Zinc is believed to be carcinogenic, so its effect on the body depends on the dose. Content in the daily diet is 6...30 mg. The daily dose of zinc is 5...20 mg. Contained in offal, meat products, unpolished rice, mushrooms, oysters, and others seafood products, yeast, eggs, mustard, sunflower seeds, baked goods, meat, vegetables, and is also found in most medicinal plants, in the fruits of the domestic apple tree.

Molybdenum (Mo). Molybdenum is part of enzymes, affects weight and height, prevents dental caries, and retains fluoride. With a lack of molybdenum, growth slows down. Content in the daily diet is 0.1...0.6 mg. The daily dose of molybdenum is 0.1...0.5 mg Molybdenum is present in chokeberry, domestic apple, legumes, liver, kidneys, and baked goods.

Selenium (Se). Selenium takes part in the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids and protects vitamin E from premature destruction, protects cells from free radicals, but large doses of selenium can be dangerous and should be taken nutritional supplements Selenium should only be taken on the recommendation of a doctor. The daily dose of selenium is 55 mcg. The main cause of selenium deficiency is its insufficient intake from food, especially bread and bakery and flour products.

Chromium (Cr). In recent years, the role of chromium in carbohydrate and fat metabolism. It turned out that normal carbohydrate metabolism is impossible without organic chromium contained in natural carbohydrate products. Chromium is involved in the formation of insulin, regulates blood sugar and fat metabolism, reduces cholesterol levels in the blood, protects heart vessels from sclerotization, and prevents the development of cardiovascular diseases. Lack of chromium in the body can lead to obesity, fluid retention in tissues and increased blood pressure. Half of the world's population is deficient in chromium due to refined foods. The daily allowance for chromium is 125 mcg. IN daily diet nutrition should be reduced to a minimum refined, purified foods - white flour and products made from it, white sugar, salt, cereals instant cooking, a variety of cereal flakes. It is necessary to include natural unrefined products containing chromium in your diet: whole grain bread, porridge made from natural grains (buckwheat, brown rice, oats, millet), offal (liver, kidneys and heart of animals and birds), fish and seafood. Chromium is contained in chicken egg yolks, honey, nuts, mushrooms, and brown sugar. Of the cereals, pearl barley contains the most chromium, then buckwheat; among vegetables, beets and radishes contain a lot of chromium; among fruits, peaches contain a lot of chromium. Good source chromium and other microelements - brewer's yeast, beer, dry red wine. Chromium compounds have a high degree of volatility; a significant loss of chromium occurs during cooking.

Germanium (Ge) another important, rare and little-known trace element. Organic germanium has a wide range of biological effects: it ensures the transfer of oxygen to the body’s tissues, increases its immune status, and exhibits antiviral and antitumor activity. By carrying oxygen, it prevents the development oxygen deficiency at the tissue level, reduces the risk of developing so-called blood hypoxia, which occurs when hemoglobin in red blood cells decreases. Helps maintain health and support immunity proper nutrition, which includes natural products containing germanium. Among plants capable of adsorbing germanium and its compounds from soil, the leader is ginseng root. In addition, it is found in garlic, tomatoes ( tomato juice), beans. It is also found in fish and seafood - squid, mussels, shrimp, seaweed, fucus, spirulina.

Vanadium (V). Affects the permeability of mitochondrial membranes, inhibits cholesterol synthesis. It promotes the accumulation of calcium salts in the bones, increasing the resistance of teeth to caries. When excessively introduced into the body, vanadium and its compounds manifest themselves as poisons that affect the hematopoietic system, respiratory organs, nervous system and cause allergic and inflammatory skin diseases. The trace element vanadium is found in mushrooms, soybeans, dill, cereals, parsley, liver, fish, and seafood.

Iodine (J). Iodine takes part in the formation of the thyroid hormone - thyroxine. With insufficient iodine intake, thyroid disease develops (endemic goiter). If there is a lack of iodine in food products, mainly in water, iodized salt and iodine medications are used. Excessive intake of iodine into the body leads to the development of hypothyroidism. Content in the daily diet is 0.04...0.2 mg. The daily requirement for iodine is 50...200 mcg. Iodine is found in chokeberry, up to 40 mg%, common pear, up to 40 mg%, feijoa 2...10 mg% per 1 kg, milk, vegetables, meat, eggs, sea fish.

Lithium (Li). Lithium is found in human blood. Lithium salts with organic acid residues are used to treat gout. Gout is based on a violation of purine metabolism with insufficient secretion uric acid salts, causing an increased level of uric acid in the blood and the deposition of its salts in the joints and tissues of the body. The development of gout is promoted by excess nutrition in foods rich in purine bases (meat, fish, etc.), alcohol abuse, and a sedentary lifestyle. Lithium carbonate is used in homeopathy for disorders of oxidative processes in the body with symptoms of uric acid diathesis and gout.

Sulfur (S). In the human body, sulfur is involved in the formation of keratin, a protein found in joints, hair and nails. Sulfur is part of almost all proteins and enzymes in the body, participates in redox reactions and other metabolic processes, and promotes the secretion of bile in the liver. Hair contains a lot of sulfur. Sulfur atoms are part of thiamine and biotin, B vitamins, as well as vital important amino acids- cysteine ​​and methionine. Sulfur deficiency in the human body is very rare - with insufficient consumption of foods containing protein. Physiological need not established in sulfur.

Fluorides (F-). Content in the diet is 0.4...0.8 mg. The daily need for fluorides is 2...3 mg. Mainly accumulates in bones and teeth. Fluorides are used against dental caries, stimulate hematopoiesis and immunity, and participate in skeletal development. Excess fluoride causes mottled tooth enamel, causes fluorosis, and suppresses the body's defenses. Fluorine enters the body with food products, of which vegetables and milk are the richest in it. A person receives about 0.8 mg of fluoride in food, the rest of it should come from drinking water.

Silver (Ag). Silver is a trace element that is a necessary component of the tissues of any living organism. IN daily ration a person should contain on average about 80 mcg of silver. Studies have shown that even long-term human use drinking water, containing 50 mcg per liter of silver, does not cause dysfunction of the digestive organs or any pathological changes in the condition of the body as a whole. Such a phenomenon as silver deficiency in the body has not been described anywhere. Bactericidal properties silver is well known. IN official medicine Preparations of colloidal silver and silver nitrate are widely used. In the human body, silver is found in the brain and glands internal secretion, liver, kidneys and skeletal bones. In homeopathy, silver is used both in its elemental form, metallic silver, and in the form of silver nitrate. Silver preparations in homeopathy are usually prescribed for persistent and long-term illnesses, severely depleting the nervous system. However physiological role silver in the body of humans and animals has not been studied enough.

Radium (Ra) when ingested, it also accumulates in the skeletal system. Radium is known as a radioactive element. Ions of alkaline earth elements (strontium, barium, calcium) precipitate proteins, reduce the permeability of the cell membrane, and thicken tissues. As for mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd), despite the fact that these elements are found in all organs and tissues, the essence of their effect on the body remains not yet recognized. Strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba) are satellites of calcium and can replace it in bones, forming a depot.

Differences in the behavior of macro- and microelements in the body

Macroelements are concentrated, as a rule, in one type of tissue of a living organism (connective tissue, muscles, bones, blood). They constitute the plastic material of the main supporting tissues, provide the properties of the entire environment of the body as a whole: maintain certain pH values, osmotic pressure, maintain acid-base balance within the required limits, and ensure the stability of colloid systems in the body.

Microelements are unevenly distributed between tissues and often have an affinity for a certain type of tissue and organ. This is how zinc accumulates in the pancreas; molybdenum - in the kidneys; barium - in the retina of the eye; strontium - in bones; iodine - in the thyroid gland, etc.

The content of macroelements in the body is fairly constant, but even relatively large deviations from the norm are compatible with the vital functions of the body. On the contrary, even minor deviations in the content of microelements from the norm cause serious illnesses. Analysis for the content of individual microelements in organs and tissues - sensitive diagnostic test allowing detection and treatment various diseases. Thus, a decrease in zinc content in the blood plasma is a mandatory consequence of myocardial infarction. A decrease in lithium content in the blood is an indicator of hypertension.

Another difference in the nature of macro- and microelements is that macroelements, as a rule, are part of organic compounds in the body, while microelements either form relatively simple inorganic compounds or are part of complex (coordination) compounds as active centers . Academician K. B. Yatsimirsky called complex-forming microelements “organizers of life.”

Today we are talking about microelements - substances that are part of the body's cells in a very small, literally tiny volume. However, without them - nowhere. They, like invisible guards, vigilantly carry out their service everywhere, protecting order in living cells, entire structures, in every life process.

Pays attention to microelements, an integral component of human health.

Friends! I, Svetlana Morozova, invite you to mega useful and interesting webinars! Presenter: Andrey Eroshkin. Health restoration expert, registered dietitian.

Topics of upcoming webinars:

• We reveal five causes of all chronic disorders in the body.
• How to remove disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract?
• How to get rid of cholelithiasis and is it possible to do without surgery?
• Why do people have a strong craving for sweets?
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Hi all! Svetlana Morozova is with you. Do you attach enough importance to the balance of microelements? They talk about it everywhere, but today we will talk about various microelements and what role they play in our body. Let's begin.

First things first

Microelements - what kind of substances are they? Let's take it apart.

Humans need about 30 chemical elements to be healthy. At the end of the last century, these substances, at the suggestion of drug and dietary supplement manufacturers, began to be called minerals. Formally this is incorrect.

A mineral is a crystalline compound that occurs in nature and is part of the earth, rocks, etc. But now for everyone vitamin supplements micro- and macroelements are designated precisely by minerals. Everyone is already accustomed to this designation. Therefore, I will not reinvent the wheel; I will also call them that later in the article.

There are macroelements - these are the basis of living organisms. In our cells their content is quite decent. Macroelements regulate metabolism, cellular nutrition, blood pH, and all kinds of chemical processes in us. To see what applies to them, take a look at the picture.

Microelements are structural units of hormones and enzymes; they support metabolism, the nervous system, cell growth, thinking, vision, hematopoietic processes, reproductive abilities and, of course, our beauty and blooming appearance.

But not all of them are well studied

Therefore, all microelements were divided into 3 groups, depending on how well the concentration of microelements in the human body and their importance for health have been studied.

• Group 1: the largest and most studied. This includes minerals that are constantly in our body, and it is found out how they work, what compounds they contain, why their concentration should be exactly the same, and how excess or deficiency manifests itself. Everything is known, in short.
• Group 2: these elements are also present in humans all the time, but their role has been little studied.
• Group 3: these trace elements are periodically discovered, but it is not clear how many there are, what the significance of these minerals is, where they come from.

There are microelements that are urgently needed for life (essential). These are iron, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, chromium, selenium, manganese. And there are microelements that are practically never deficient. That’s why today I’m talking about the first category.

So here's a quick summary

The most important thing is why we need iron - it forms hemoglobin - the carrier of oxygen to all tissues. Iron can be deposited “in reserve” in the liver and kidneys - this is its depot.

However, if little of it comes from food, the depot becomes empty and symptoms develop. lack: anemia (especially among vegetarians), pale and dry skin, weakness, poor eyesight, poor digestion, numbness in fingers.

Excess: If too much iron accumulates, constipation, diabetes, arthritis and even cirrhosis of the liver occur.

Copper is necessary for the absorption of iron, is also involved in hematopoiesis, and forms many enzymes, for example, collagen (responsible for skin elasticity), melanin (responsible for coloring). Plus, copper has well-developed bactericidal properties.

How does the deficiency manifest itself?: low hemoglobin, anemia, digestive disorders, fragile bones, frequent infections, hair loss, early gray hair, faded eye color, very noticeable, swollen veins. But deficiency is rare because there is usually enough copper in the water.

Excess quite toxic, water has a clear metallic taste, the body reacts with diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, in some cases even epilepsy and heart disease.

The main assistant of the thyroid gland - controls its normal functioning, is responsible for production, which regulate metabolism, growth and development of children, normal absorption of food, is necessary for strong nails. Therefore, the easiest way to constantly support the thyroid gland is to buy iodized salt.

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If we remember the basics of life safety, iodine is taken when there is a threat of radioactive radiation in order to avoid radiation sickness.

Signs of deficiency: poor memory, constant hunger, children are stunted in growth and mental development, women are unable to get pregnant or bear a child. Developing endemic goiter – thyroid increases.

Excess iodine suppresses hormone synthesis, hypothyroidism develops.

It forms many enzymes, but is especially important for the proper sexual development of boys and ensures the normal functioning of the central nervous system.

For zinc deficiency boys are retarded in growth and development (especially sexual development), and in men the quality and volume of sperm decreases. In women, the deficiency can manifest itself in complicated childbirth and central nervous system diseases. People get tired quickly, often get sick, and are prone to allergies.

In case of excess gastritis, nausea, vomiting, frequent infections, dry cough develop, constant thirst and a sickly sweet taste in the mouth.

It is involved in hematopoiesis, the synthesis of insulin and vitamin B12. And helps absorb calcium and phosphorus.

That's why in case of shortage Anemia develops, people get tired quickly, and excitability increases.

There is practically no excess.

It is involved in the synthesis of interferon and glycoprotein, maintains blood sugar levels, helps absorb vitamins C, E and group B, is part of antioxidant enzymes, supports blood vessels and brain cells.

Disadvantage manganese practically does not exist, as well as excess. Very rarely, due to its deficiency, bones can soften and irritability increases.

It is also involved in the production of insulin, regulates blood sugar levels, protects the heart and blood vessels, because it maintains the normal metabolism of fats and carbohydrates.

Chromium deficiency affects the beauty of hair, nails, teeth, skeletal system, there may be sugar surges, fast education plaques on the walls of blood vessels.

Excess does not happen, because chromium is slowly absorbed and quickly eliminated.

Selenium is found in antioxidant enzymes and even in sperm. Neutralizes and removes salts heavy metals, for smokers this is very important. Helps absorb vitamin E and protects it from destruction.

If there is a shortage weakens, the skin becomes drier, and the quality of sperm decreases.

Excess practically does not happen, only if you abuse mineral supplements.

The table shows in detail which food products contain which microelement.

How to determine what is missing?

There are a number of analyses. As a rule, they are not carried out in government institutions. Hair, nails, blood or serum, and urine are donated. Analysis for vitamins takes 1 day, for microelements – about a week.

In private clinics you can do spectral analysis hair - it just shows what minerals are missing and helps to create an individual treatment regimen.

What if you grow flowers?

Flowers also need mineral nutrition. The most common fertilizer is Humate +7 . It contains 7 microelements most necessary for plants: iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, cobalt, boron and NPK: a compound of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Bottom line

Are you sure you have enough of every micronutrient? I think not a single lucky person can claim this. What could be the solution? Always watch your diet and avoid bad habits(and so we live in conditions that are not the best environmental situation), get tested on time and take vitamin and mineral supplements. As prescribed by a doctor, of course.

That's all.

The beneficial properties of microelements are of great importance for the human body.

Our body contains various minerals. They are necessary to ensure the normal functioning of the entire body. All these minerals are divided into two groups:

• macroelements - substances that are present in the body in a volume greater than 0.01%;
• microelements - substances whose volume in the body is less than 0.001%.

But, despite such a low concentration, trace elements are especially valuable for the body.

Microelements- These are inorganic substances contained in the human body in very small quantities. Most of them are needed for normal life. Microelements are involved in physiological processes body. A person receives microelements from food.

Microelements in optimal natural form and dosage found in beekeeping products - such as pollen, royal jelly and drone brood, which are included in many natural vitamin and mineral complexes of the Parapharm company: “Leveton P”, “Elton P”, “Leveton Forte”, “Apitonus P”, “Osteomed”, “Osteo-Vit” ", "Eromax", "Memo-Vit" and "Cardioton". That is why we pay so much attention to each natural substance, talking about its importance and benefits for the health of the body.

Properties of microelements in the body

The role of microelements in the body is very important. They regulate almost all biochemical processes occurring in the body: if trace elements are contained in the human body in sufficient quantities, then all systems function stably.

According to statistics, approximately two billion people on our planet are deficient in microelements. A lack of these substances in the body can lead to mental retardation and blindness.

The body needs microelements every day, just like vitamins, because the functioning of all body systems depends on them. These substances participate in metabolic processes, playing the role of catalysts and activators. Therefore, micronutrient reserves need to be regularly replenished. It has been noticed that many newborns with a lack of microelements die as soon as they are born.

Microelements in the human body are primarily responsible for the formation and development of the central nervous system. They are also important in the formation of the cardiovascular system. In general, each trace element has an effect on a specific area in the body.

What are microelements?

What are the microelements: two groups

• essential (vital);
• conditionally essential (elements whose biological function has been fully studied, but there are practically no cases of deficiency of these elements).

An adult is advised to take 150-200 mg of microelements daily.

The group of essential microelements includes iron, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, selenium, and manganese.

The group of conditionally essential microelements includes boron, bromine, fluorine, lithium, nickel, silicon, vanadium.

Providing metabolism, synthesis of hormones, enzymes, vitamins, regulating cell membranes, taking part in the processes of hematopoiesis and growth, providing tissue respiration, stabilizing and restoring acidity alkaline balance, increasing immunity, regulating work reproductive system Taking part in bone formation, microelements bring great benefits to our body.

Any imbalance of microelements can provoke diseases, pathological and dangerous conditions, "microelementoses".

Microelements play an important role in the formation of human immunity.

Essential microelements

Essential microelements are responsible for the optimal functioning of the immune system. It is especially important to replenish their supply in summer period, adding more fruits and vegetables to your diet, and in winter - dried fruits and nuts.

According to the effect of microelements on immunity, they can be divided into:

• immunomodulatory (iron, iodine, copper, zinc, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, manganese and lithium);
• immunotoxic (aluminum, arsenic, boron, nickel, cadmium, lead, mercury and others).

And if immunomodulatory microelements are involved in the formation and maintenance of immunity, then immunotoxic chemical compounds have the opposite effect and destroy the immune system. Unfortunately, a person comes under the influence of immunotoxic microelements every day. Industrial production, cars and public transport emit a huge amount of harmful substances into the air that can accumulate in our bodies. Their excess threatens serious problems with health.

We get the most microelements from foods of plant origin; dairy and meat products contain less of them.

What foods contain microelements?

Why are microelements needed and in what products are they contained in the required quantities? It's about about essential microelements.

Iron.

Without iron, the process of hematopoiesis is impossible, hemoglobin cannot be formed, thanks to which all internal organs receive oxygen. Iron also helps improve immunity, participates in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, and normalizes redox processes in the body.

A deficiency of this microelement leads to anemia and growth retardation.

Availability large quantity iron in the body can cause acute gastroenteritis.

Every day a person should receive 10-13 mg of iron. The foods that contain the most iron are: greens, soya beans, buckwheat, animal liver, halva, apples, eggs, pears, sea ​​fish, pumpkin, black currant, gooseberry, beetroot, melon, porcini mushrooms, cucumber, mint, rose hips, brewer's yeast, wild strawberries, zucchini, dried fruits, cherries.

Copper.

Just like iron, copper is involved in the process of hematopoiesis and hemoglobin synthesis. Iron cannot participate in the formation of hemoglobin without the presence of copper.

Copper stimulates the synthesis of connective tissue, participates in the process of bone formation, normalizes insulin levels, causes and removes toxins, helps in tissue regeneration, etc.

With a lack of copper, dermatosis, anemia, growth retardation in children, hair loss, and atrophy of the heart muscle occur.

When in excess, copper becomes toxic and causes the development renal failure, gastroenteritis, seizures. Excess copper is most often observed in people who excessively consume synthetic dietary supplements.

For an adult, the daily requirement of copper is 3 mg. Natural sources of copper: legumes, eggs, potatoes, sprouted wheat grains, cocoa, quince, pineapples, rose hips, gooseberries, radishes, chocolate, bell pepper, coffee, nuts, dairy products, asparagus, Rye bread, seafood, cherries, blackberries, eggplants, garlic, citrus fruits, tomatoes.

Iodine.

The most important function of this trace element is participation in the synthesis of the thyroid hormone - tyrosine. Iodine normalizes work endocrine system through the regular function of the thyroid and pituitary glands. Iodine also improves metabolic processes, promotes mental development, especially in children. It removes radio from the body active substances, increases immunity, stabilizes hormonal background and so on.

It must be remembered that iodine in its pure form is not absorbed, and in large doses it causes poisoning. With an excess of iodine, hyperthyroidism (including Graves' disease), tachycardia, muscle weakness, diarrhea.

With a lack of iodine, diseases of the nervous system, growth inhibition in children, the development of dementia, thyroid diseases, increased risk cancer, inability to bear a child in pregnant women, sterility in men.

The iodine norm per day is 2-4 mcg per kilogram of body weight. Foods rich in iodine: sea salt, iodized salt, grapes, beans, potatoes, carrots, turnips, cod liver, seafood (especially seaweed), sea and ocean fish, green vegetables, cabbage, tomatoes, ginger, oriental spices, eggs.

Zinc.

This element is part of the blood and muscle tissue. It regulates the function of hormones, stimulates reproduction, and increases sexual activity in general. Is a catalyst chemical reactions while maintaining acid levels. Promotes skin regeneration, stabilization of the nervous system, etc.

With a deficiency of zinc in our body, the following disorders occur: growth inhibition and developmental delays in children, infertility, blurred vision, underdevelopment of the genital organs, weakness, hair loss.

An excess of zinc is a rather rare phenomenon, because the toxic dose of zinc is more than 159 mg per day, and the daily requirement is only 10-25 mg. Products with high content zinc: lemons, honey, green vegetables, blueberries, cottage cheese, black currants, seafood, raspberries, dates, figs, apples.

Cobalt.

It is part of vitamin B12 and is involved in vital biochemical processes. This microelement promotes hematopoiesis, strengthens the immune system, participates in the synthesis of insulin, regenerates cells and tissues, and enhances protein synthesis.

With cobalt deficiency, the functioning of the nervous and circulatory systems(most often among vegetarians).

An overdose of cobalt threatens toxic poisoning, which is possible with excessive use of synthetic drugs.

Daily norm cobalt - 40-70 mcg. Products high in cobalt: bread and its by-products, legumes, eggs, nuts, rose hips , fish, strawberries, fermented milk products, animal kidneys and liver, butter, corn, cocoa, spinach, leafy greens, strawberries.

Chromium.

This element is a component of all living organisms, including humans. Chromium affects hematopoiesis, carbohydrate metabolism and energy processes in general, enhances the action of insulin, promotes the elimination of toxins, and lowers cholesterol levels.

Chromium deficiency increases glucose and cholesterol levels.

An excess of chromium leads to the development of eczema, dermatitis, bronchial asthma and even lung cancer.

Products rich in chromium: plums, hazelnuts, cherries, blueberries, Jerusalem artichokes, radishes, onions, potatoes, brewer's yeast.

Molybdenum

Stimulates the activity of enzymes that promote the synthesis and absorption of vitamin C, participates in the production of hemoglobin, removes uric acid from the body, and rids the body of alcohol toxins.

An overdose is dangerous for the body. It manifests itself as a sharp loss of weight, edema, and mental disorders.

Daily intake of molybdenum: 15-30 mcg for children, 75-300 mcg for adults. Pistachios are considered sources of molybdenum, wheat flakes, rice, rose hips, peas, cabbage, garlic, pasta, table salt, corn, animal liver and kidneys, sunflower seeds, bread.

Selenium.

This element prevents the development of cancer. Selenium prevents cell mutation, improves immunity, neutralizes toxins and free radicals, enhances the effect of vitamins C and E and their antioxidant properties. Stimulates hemoglobin production and metabolic processes.

With a deficiency of selenium, the immune system weakens and the body is at risk of premature aging.

An excess of selenium causes poisoning of the body (more than 5 mg). The daily norm of selenium is 5 mcg.

Sources of selenium: sea salt, coconut, olive oil, olives, fish, sour cream, broccoli, seafood, garlic, salted lard.

Manganese

AND plays a very important role in the functioning of the central nervous system and reproductive system. It has a positive effect on the elimination of sexual impotence, improves memory, and reduces irritability. It promotes wound healing, stabilizes digestion, regulates fat and insulin metabolism, and removes toxins.

Manganese deficiency leads to ossification of the entire skeleton, joint deformation, depression, and dizziness.

An excess of this element reduces appetite, causes manganese rickets, hallucinations, weakened memory, causes drowsiness, urinary disorders, etc.

The daily intake of manganese is 5-10 mg. Products rich in manganese: eggs, oriental spices, lemon, tomatoes, gooseberries, nuts, meat, leafy greens, black currants, coconut, rose hips, radishes, lingonberries, raspberries, cereals.

For normal productive functioning of the body, a balance of microelements is required. It is easy to maintain with proper balanced nutrition.

Human organism - extremely complex mechanism, everything in it is interconnected.

An important cog in such a mechanism is chemical elements.

Symptoms of iodine deficiency:

• increased production of thyroid hormones;
• goiter formation;
• the occurrence of iodine deficiency pathologies: from weight loss to deaf-muteness.

Zinc.

The deficit manifests itself as follows:

• fatigue, problems with;
• nervousness;
• deterioration;
• a loss taste sensations, impaired sense of smell;
• lack of appetite, weight loss;
• diarrhea;
• anemia;
• skin diseases;
• defeats;
• decrease, impotence.

Manganese.

Its deficiency is quite common; its reasons are: low consumption of natural products containing manganese, refined food, poor environmental situation, and high mental stress. Symptoms:

• weakness, dizziness, vomiting;
• decreased activity;
• spasms and cramps, muscle pain and pain;
• arthritis;
• violations ;
• violations ;

Chromium.

Main manifestations of shortage:

• weakness, decrease;
• loss of appetite;
• anemia;
• arrhythmia;
• CNS disorders;
• diseases of the endocrine system and lungs.

Caries appears, bones weaken, nails break, hair falls out.

Selenium.

The immune system decreases, weakens, skin diseases often occur, wounds heal slowly, falls, and impotence develops. Taking some (paracetamol, sulfates, anti-malaria drugs, phenacetin) leads to deficiency.

Nickel.

Its deficiency is rare. To date, only one symptom of nickel deficiency has been identified - dermatitis.

Manifests itself in a slowdown in children, a decrease in hemoglobin in the blood,. Deficiency can increase the risk of miscarriage and significantly reduce life expectancy.

Vanadium.

It manifests itself in elevated levels of triglycerides and phospholipids, underestimated, which provokes atherosclerosis.

Bor.

Boron deficiency or disruption of its metabolism leads to osteoporosis, urolithiasis, hyperchromic anemia, thrombocytopenia, growth inhibition, and decreased mental abilities.

Tin.

Cases of microelement deficiency are extremely rare, but they do happen. Manifestation of deficiency: disturbance of the mineral balance of internal organs, hearing impairment, growth retardation, development of alopecia (pathological).

Silicon.

Indicators: weakness of bone tissue, which leads to osteoporosis, fractures, loss, increase in level, development of atherosclerosis.

Aluminum.

To date, there is no information about the symptoms of aluminum deficiency.

Overview table of sufficient micronutrient content in foods

The table shows those containing the most microelements:

For the full functioning of the human body, it is necessary to regularly replenish the balance of vitamins and minerals. They are responsible for all the most important functions of internal organs, and their deficiency can negatively affect human health.

What are microelements? Speaking in simple words, trace elements are the substances that make up minerals. Combined in large groups, they ensure the saturation of internal organs with oxygen, help speed up metabolism and improve blood circulation.

Since microelements perform certain functions in the human body, their importance cannot be underestimated. If the blood contains a sufficient amount of these substances, no health problems will arise. But if a person has a deficiency of microelements, what will happen in this case? Let's figure it out.

The influence of microelements on human health

The role of microelements in the human body is simply enormous. Insignificant, at first glance, concentrations of these substances in the blood normalize the functioning of all organs and systems without exception. First of all, they affect:

1. Human central nervous system.
2. Cardiovascular system.
3. Brain.
4. Immune system.
5. The work of the gastrointestinal tract.
6. Functioning of the endocrine system and thyroid gland.
7. Full functioning of the genital organs.
8. Hormonal balance.
9. Menstrual cycle.
10. Pregnancy.

If there are deviations in the concentration of essential microelements in the body, various anomalies can develop that are capable of a long period time to significantly reduce a person’s quality of life. To prevent such a scenario from developing, regularly undergo a clinical blood test for vitamins and microelements.

Lack of microelements - what does it lead to?

So, when the question of the importance of microelements in the human body has been considered, it’s time to talk about how their deficiency can affect health.

If at least one mineral is completely eliminated or removed from the body, this can lead to the development of pathologies such as:

• immunodeficiency states;
• dermatological diseases of various etiologies and severity;
• diabetes;
• metabolic disease;
• dysfunction of the thyroid gland and endocrine system;
• mental and psychological disorders;
• bone pathologies(scoliosis, osteochondrosis, etc.);
• Iron-deficiency anemia;
• hypertension;
• hypotension;
• impotence;
• amenorrhea;
• early menopause;
• hormonal imbalances;
• premature onset of menopause;
• infertility in men and women, etc.

Such sad consequences show as clearly as possible the role the presence of microelements plays in the human body. You can determine their deficiency yourself. To do this you need to turn Special attention for the presence of such alarming anomalies:

• hair loss or fragility;
• frequent relapses of viral or infectious respiratory diseases;
• weakness;
• irritability;
• fast fatiguability;
• deep and prolonged depression;
• lamination and brittleness of nails;
• anemia;
• pallor skin;
• dizziness;
• decreased blood pressure;
• drowsiness;
• memory and attention impairment;
• decreased visual acuity.

In especially severe cases, a person may experience semi-fainting or even fainting. It is for this reason that the human body desperately needs minerals to maintain physical strength and mental stability.

Symptoms of micronutrient deficiency in the body can be caused by factors such as:

• drinking unfiltered liquid or water from polluted water bodies;
• improper, unbalanced diet;
• previous bleeding, which provoked significant losses of microelements and vitamins;
• reception medicines, the active substances of which destroy mineral compounds.

As can be seen from all of the above, a lack of microelements is a very dangerous phenomenon for health. If you notice the first warning signs, consult a doctor immediately. Early treatment can prevent adverse consequences for Your health.

Deficiency, excess or imbalance of micro- and macroelements in human blood is usually called one collective concept - microelementosis. This anomaly is also not considered normal, so consultation with a specialist will never be superfluous.

Minerals necessary for humans

When the importance of microelements for human health has been carefully considered, it is necessary to understand what role and function each of them plays in the human body. To do this, we will briefly consider the most necessary substances contained in our blood.

The role of boron for humans

Boron is a mineral that is literally all around us. Almost every day people eat foods enriched with this substance, and many do not even know about it.

A deficiency of this microelement can cause the following anomalies:

• hormonal imbalance;
• cancer of the cervix, ovaries and mammary glands;
• cervical erosion;
• myoma;
• urolithiasis disease;
• various joint diseases (in particular, gout).

Food products containing boron: rice cereal, soybeans, buckwheat, fresh beets.

Vanadium in the blood

Vanadium in the human body is a mineral necessary for regulating the functioning of the cardiovascular system. It is especially capable of influencing:

• hemoglobin level;
• cholesterol in the blood;
• visual acuity;
• liver function;
• functioning of the kidneys and urinary system;
• blood glucose level;

Vanadium is one of those trace elements whose use helps prevent serious illnesses. Its lack in the human body can provoke the development of such dangerous pathologies as:

• significant increase in cholesterol levels;
• diabetes;
• vascular atherosclerosis.

To regularly replenish your supply of this substance, you need to know which products contain vanadium. They are: fresh radishes, porridges from different types of rice, cereals and potatoes.

Vanadium for the human body is a kind of strong barrier that protects it from numerous unfavorable external factors. But at the same time, we should not forget about the role of other microelements, so your diet should be as enriched as possible with natural food. Of course, you should not eat only rice, potatoes or cereals to obtain vanadium, but reduce the frequency of consumption harmful products, still, it won't hurt.

Iron for the human body

A mineral such as iron has a huge impact on many processes. In particular:

• hematopoiesis;
• Hair Growth;
• health of the epidermis;
• functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

If the concentration of this substance in the blood is reduced, a decrease in hemoglobin occurs (). The signs of pathology are:

• drowsiness;
• weakness;
• dizziness;
• migraines or intense headaches;
• constant dry mouth;
• dry skin;
• prostration;
• exhaustion of the body;
• layering of nails;
• change or complete temporary loss of taste.

If you do not respond to the situation in time, it can become so complicated that the patient may even be hospitalized in a hospital. Iron is included in the list of vital necessary for a person microelements, so try to eat more apples, pork and beef liver, meat, pomegranates and other “red” foods.

Iodine

A lot is known about the biological role of iodine: it has a positive effect on memory, concentration, and brain activity in general. In addition, it helps regulate the functioning of the thyroid gland and endocrine system, thereby protecting the body from such dangerous pathologies as goiter and diabetes.

Fluorine

This substance plays a huge role in the formation of tooth enamel and tissues. Its deficiency leads to various dental diseases, the most common of which is caries.

To avoid such pathologies, you need to eat more raisins, pumpkin soup, porridge, pies, different types of nuts and millet cereals.

Mercury

When considering how mercury affects humans, it is important to remember that it is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, this substance is the strongest poison, on the other hand, a microelement necessary for the normal functioning of internal organs. But at the same time, it is necessary to carefully ensure that you do not exceed the permissible norm (the table showing the daily dose of microelements for the normal functioning of all systems in the human body can be seen below). Poisoning with this element can be completely asymptomatic, and this is the main threat to health.

Negative influence Mercury exposure to the human body can manifest itself through the following symptoms:

• confused, unintelligible speech;
• panic attacks;
• causeless anxiety;
• sudden attacks of fear;
• irritability;
• drowsiness;
• excessive fatigue;
• decreased joint mobility.

If you notice these signs, immediately consult a doctor and get a blood test to check for mercury in your body. If there is an excess of it during microscopic examination blood sample will show a significant decrease in the white blood cell count. If the diagnosis is confirmed, it will be necessary to undergo a course of therapy. Mercury, reducing the number of leukocytes in the human body, often leads to severe intoxication, the consequence of which can even be death.

When this substance accumulates in huge quantities irreversible degenerative processes occur that have such clinical picture:

• frequent attacks of nausea;
• severe headaches;
• fragility and hair loss;
• inflammatory processes in the gums.

Such anomalies must be dealt with, and the sooner you deal with this issue, the less dangerous the consequences will be for your health.

Chromium

This substance is very important for the body's production of insulin. Role of this microelement in the human body also lies in the regulation carbohydrate metabolism. To obtain required amount chromium, eat more mushrooms, fresh beets and radishes.

The lack of this microelement in the human body negatively affects the condition of nails, hair, and also impairs the functioning of the musculoskeletal system.

What should not be mixed with what?

In order not to harm your health, remember a few important points.

1. Never combine calcium with phosphorus - these substances are categorically incompatible.
2. Copper and iron negatively affect the absorption of vitamin B12.
3. Calcium combined with zinc and magnesium negatively affects the absorption of iron.
4. Zinc and folic acid Never combine with vitamin B9!

If you remember these simple rules, then you will have much fewer health problems.

Micronutrient intake table

In order to avoid developing microelementosis, you need to know what the daily intake of a particular mineral is, and how much of it should be in the blood for the full functioning of all internal organs. You can get this information from the table below.

To prevent you from developing signs of a lack of vitamins and microelements, follow this table, as well as the information presented above. Take care of your health, eat more healthy food, and then visits to the doctor will be purely preventive!