Gases at night. How to get rid of gases in the intestines at home? What causes gas to form in the intestines

Normally, the intestines contain up to 0.9 liters of gas, which is formed mainly as a result of the vital activity of microorganisms. Increased gas formation in the intestines is called flatulence and accompanies most diseases gastrointestinal tract. Men and women over the age of 50 suffer from prolonged flatulence with the same frequency. If there are errors in the diet, an occasional increase in gas formation is possible.

Why do gases form in the intestines?

The causes of flatulence are divided into several groups:

• insufficient or excessive amounts of certain substances in the diet (nutritional reasons);
• digestive (digestive) flatulence;
• dysbiotic causes;
• mechanical flatulence;
• dynamic reasons;
• circulatory flatulence;
• high altitude flatulence;
• dysphagia.

Each group of reasons has its own mechanism:

1. Nutritional reasons are associated with the direct property of certain foods, when digested in the intestines, to secrete a large number of gases
2. Digestive mechanism flatulence. Due to a violation of the secretion of digestive enzymes, incomplete breakdown of food occurs and strong gas formation, even with a small intake of carbohydrates. This happens against the background of diseases of the digestive system, in which the production of digestive enzymes decreases ( chronic pancreatitis, enteritis).
3. Dysbiotic causes. The small and large intestines contain a large number of microorganisms that are also involved in the digestion of food mass. But if the ratio of the number of bacteria is violated normal microflora(lactobacteria, bifidumbacteria) and opportunistic flora(peptostreptococcus, coli, anaerobes) digestion of food occurs with increased gas formation. This disorder is called dysbiosis.
4. Mechanical flatulence. With normal digestion and gas formation in the intestines, its elimination is disrupted. In this case, intestinal tumors, helminths, and hard, rocky stools can serve as mechanical obstacles.
5. Dynamic reasons associated with impaired innervation of the intestine and a decrease in its peristalsis (movements of the intestinal walls that push food masses). In this case, food stagnates, fermentation processes are activated, and gases accumulate.
6. Circulatory flatulence– the process of impaired absorption of formed gases in the intestines with their neutralization in the liver.
7. High altitude flatulence– an episodic condition when, with a decrease in atmospheric pressure in the intestines, excessive gas formation(the effect of opening champagne).
8. Dysphagia. Due to a malfunction nervous system(often after a stroke) swallowing of food is impaired, and a large amount of air is swallowed, which enters the stomach and intestines. Gases in the stomach can also form when they are thrown back from the intestines.

Increased gas formation in the intestines is caused by foods with high content carbohydrates and fiber: legumes (soybeans, peas, beans), cabbage, onions, pumpkin, potatoes. Carbohydrates that release gas when broken down are starch, raffinose, sucrose, sorbitol, lactose.

Symptoms of increased gas formation

Flatulence is characterized by local and general manifestations. Local symptoms are directly related to intestinal dysfunction, these include:

• abdominal pain - an increased volume of gas causes stretching of the intestinal walls, and a reflex spasm with the development of pain;
• bloating – an increase in the volume of the abdomen due to accumulated gas;
• rumbling in abdominal cavity– occurs due to mixing of gas with the liquid part of the intestinal contents;
• frequent belching - occurs with dysphagia and the return of gas from the stomach;
• diarrhea or constipation - these stool disorders always accompany increased gas formation, a tendency to loose stools often develops;
• nausea is the result of improper digestion and the content of toxins and products of incomplete breakdown of food in the intestines;
• flatulation is the release of gas from the rectum, accompanied by an unpleasant odor (hydrogen sulfide) and a feeling of discomfort; normally, episodes of flatulation occur on average up to 20 times a day.

General symptoms:

• burning sensation in the heart - occurs as a result of constriction vagus nerve swollen intestinal loops;
• increased heart rate;
• disturbances in the rhythm of the heart (arrhythmia);
• insomnia - caused by intoxication of the body due to partial absorption of gases from the intestines into the blood;
• mood disorder – tendency to depression, feeling of awkwardness;
• general malaise - result malfunction intestines and incomplete absorption of nutrients.

Diagnosis of the causes of flatulence

The fact of increased gas formation is established based on the above symptoms. To find out the causes of flatulence and adequate treatment, prescribe following methods diagnostics:

• coprogram – laboratory test stool, allowing one to judge enzyme deficiency digestive system;
• stool culture for dysbacteriosis– used to confirm an imbalance in the intestinal microflora;
• intestinal radiography With contrast agent(barium mixture) – makes it possible to visualize mechanical obstacles to the movement of food masses and gases in the intestines;
• fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FEGDS)– using a special fiber optic tube with lighting and a camera, the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract is examined; if necessary, it is possible to take a piece of tissue for histological examination(biopsy);
• colonoscopy- the principle is the same, look around colon.

X-ray of the intestine with contrast agent

How to get rid of gases in the intestines?

Treatment of increased gas formation begins only after it has been possible to find out its cause. The main goals of therapy are to eliminate the cause of gas formation, normalize intestinal function and eliminate symptoms. To combat the causes of flatulence, the following means are used:

• Diet correction. It is necessary to limit the consumption of products with increased content fiber and carbohydrates (legumes, cabbage, potatoes), sparkling water. Instead, it is advisable to consume foods not causing gas formation: low-fat varieties meat and poultry (beef, rabbit, chicken), dairy products(except for whole milk containing lactose), rice.
• Probiotics– preparations containing live bacteria of normal intestinal microflora (lactuvit, bifiform) to combat dysbiosis.
• Laxatives. They are used in the case of a mechanical block to the movement of food in the intestines. In case of a tumor, surgery is performed.
• Drugs that enhance intestinal motility(cerucal) are effective for dynamic flatulence.

To normalize intestinal function, the following means are used:

• enzymatic preparations- tablets that contain digestive enzymes, improve digestion of food (panzinorm, pancreatin, mezim), especially effective for pancreatitis and enteritis;
• sorbents– bind and remove toxins from the intestines (phosphalugel, enterosgel);
• defoamers- agents that reduce the surface tension of gases in the intestine and improve its absorption.

Symptomatic therapy is aimed at reducing pain, for which antispasmodics (no-spa, drotaverine) are used.

Signs of flatulence cause particular discomfort when unpleasant putrid smell in the mouth, swelling, seething, collecting gases in the stomach, how to get rid of it with medications or folk remedies?

Indeed, in many cases this is quite danger signs, sometimes - a serious illness, fraught with complications including death.

Physiology or pathology?

The process of digesting food begins in the oral cavity. Intensive breakdown into enzymes occurs precisely in upper sections intestines.

Main role digestive tract- grind food into enzymes that can easily pass through the venous and blood vessels and intestinal walls.

Digestion of food is a complex chemical process. Waste and gas accumulation are inevitable. But the body does not need them at all.

Particles, in particular undigested ones, begin to come out together with feces of gaseous consistency due to the reproduction of chemical reactions in the stomach at the time of digestion of food.

The norm for a person to release gases is 16 times a day.

If the indicator is exceeded by up to 20-25 times, then this is a pathology indicating problems in the gastrointestinal tract, increased formation and accumulation of gases, which is what is observed in humans:

• swelling of the abdomen;
• feeling of fullness;
• pain;
• gurgling;
• weakness;
• migraine;
• fear, self-doubt.

Gases must be present in intestinal cavity , although it does not stagnate for a long time, does not accumulate in large volumes, but is gradually excreted in the feces. But the permissible volume should not exceed 0 9 liters.

Common causes of bloating

Flatulence, one way or another, is associated with digestion. If it has become a constant, obsessive phenomenon in the abdomen, then one can suspect the development of pathology in the peritoneal cavity.

Bloating and colic in the abdomen are a signal of problems in the intestines. In order not to aggravate the situation, it is important to promptly identify provoking factors and take therapeutic measures.

The most common causes of bloating include:

Bloating of gases in the abdomen observed after surgery to remove the gallbladder, in particular, laparoscopy and C-section like hard methods surgical effects leading to tissue cuts, muscle fibers in the abdominal cavity. This is what causes the accumulation large number gases

Diseases that cause bloating

Bloating, gas, nausea, pain during urination are factors that cause intestinal dysfunction and indicate the development of a number of diseases.

It happens that the stomach is very distended in the navel area or from the inside, and gases accumulate heavily in the intestines, especially after eating certain foods. Food particles remain in the intestines 2-3 hours after eating and flow into lower sections, accompanied by flatulence and gases.

What diseases lead to the problem:

On a note! Some people prefer to extinguish heartburn with soda, which is absolutely not allowed! Acid gastric juice is also an antagonist, so when mixing soda with vinegar, chemical reaction, release of carbon dioxide, which means increased gas formation, accumulation of gases, distension of the abdomen from the inside.

Bloating due to changes in diet

Swelling and colic in the abdomen often occur in people who completely abstain from meat, i.e., vegetarians. The body simply does not have time to get used to the new diet in time.

Begins to react inappropriately with the manifestation of unpleasant signs: constipation, loose stool, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bubbling gases in the stomach.

Sometimes it leads to bloating and colic food allergy against the background of allergens entering the body. The main ones are found in products: tangerines, strawberries, eggs, spices, honey, fish, meat. Skin allergies appear: rashes, eczema.

Sometimes there are disorders of the gastrointestinal tract:

• bloating;
• signs of dysbacteriosis;
• nausea, vomiting;
• formation of gases;
• pain in the peritoneal cavity.

On a note! If food allergens have led to bloating, it is important to identify and exclude them from your diet, in particular, if necessary, consult with a nutritionist or undergo an examination, take skin swabs, and test for occult blood.

If the formation of gases has become an obsessive phenomenon, then it is worth reviewing your diet and giving up foods that increase bloating:

• salt;
• oatmeal;
• milk;
• beer;
• mushrooms;
• fresh cow's milk;
• dried apricots;
• vegetables;
• tomatoes;
• beer;
• broccoli;
• pears;
• cheeses;
• braised cabbage;
• apples;
• watermelon;
• garlic;
• black bread;
• buckwheat;
• bananas;
• corn;
• cottage cheese;
• pearl barley.

On a note! It is important to remember the most important foods that greatly increase fermentation, accumulation of gases and bloating: these are fresh fruits, black fresh bread, marinades, gas drinks, bran, asparagus, cabbage, legumes.

The stomach swells when the body is polluted

If a lot of harmful substances begin to accumulate in digestive system, That protective forces organisms decline and can no longer suppress Negative influence, neutralize in full.

In patients this results in:

• severe malaise, weakness;
• fatigue;
• cold;
• irritability;
• appearance rotten smell from mouth;
• bloating;
• increased gases in the intestines.

For example, infection with Trichomonas, cryptosporidium can occur by everyday means: eating poorly cooked food or raw water.

Folk remedies for bloating

Some plants to normalize stomach function will help eliminate bloating: St. John's wort, medicinal chamomile, goose cinquefoil, licorice, wormwood.

Here are the following recipes:

Plantain and St. John's wort help well with diarrhea with anti-inflammatory, astringent action It also helps in the treatment of gastrointestinal and intestinal diseases.

You can brew the herbs and drink them as tea, or make an oil by squeezing the flowers with the addition of olive oil. Take the drug 1 tbsp. l. shortly before meals 3 times a day.

If you have signs of flatulence, it is useful to eat green dill to absorb food and suppress harmful microbes.

Folk remedies for bloating, constipation and flatulence

To relieve spasms, eliminate putrefactive fermentations and accumulation of gases, stimulation of appetite, expulsion of helminths from the intestines and relaxation will help dill.

Here are the following recipes:

Useful product for constipation: porridge (millet, pearl barley, buckwheat). It is advisable to exclude White bread, pasta, chocolate, coffee, tea.

For constipation, an apple with grated cabbage helps, you can prepare lard and add fresh cabbage juice.

Diet therapy

Following a diet, if signs of flatulence and bloating have become an obsessive phenomenon, means you need to give up gas-forming products: grapes, cabbage, legumes, milk for lactase deficiency, which can cause diarrhea and stomach pain.

If you have celiac disease, you should exclude from your diet: barley, wheat, baked goods. Can lead to the accumulation of gases and a feeling of heaviness in the stomach raw vegetables, fruits. But you simply need to include in your diet: chicken, fish, beets, carrots, eggs, lean meat.

Gradually add new foods to the diet and monitor the body’s reaction. What exactly leads to discomfort.

Pregnant women have excess gas production- the norm, but only proper diet will help minimize unpleasant symptoms.

Need to reduce consumption sauerkraut, black bread, carbonated drinks, fresh vegetables and fruits. Include kefir, cottage cheese, fermented milk products with high content calcium.

If abdominal bloating is a one-time occurrence, then, of course, it is enough to adjust your diet, switch to a gentle diet, and eliminate unpleasant foods that lead to abdominal bloating. It’s worth keeping track of which products cause unpleasant signs flatulence and bloating.

Exercises for bloating

Yoga and swimming are useful activities for intestinal problems, flatulence, constipation, and bloating.

Exercises to strengthen the abdominal muscles will help if there are no special contraindications:

For development special exercises you can consult with your doctor, work together to normalize intestinal motility, eliminate negative manifestations in the stomach: bloating, nausea, belching, flatulence, colic.

On a note! Yoga will help expectant mothers during pregnancy with attacks of flatulence and, of course, it is important to stay more relaxed. fresh air, relax to the fullest.

You need to constantly take care of your intestines, avoiding diarrhea and constipation.

To carry out prevention means:

The main thing is to eliminate provoking factors in a timely manner, refuse bad habits, causing disturbances in the intestines, negatively affecting the liver. It is wine and beer that contribute to increased gas formation and the accumulation of toxins in the intestinal cavity.

Worth giving up chewing gum, because as air is swallowed, gases begin to accumulate intensively in the intestines, leading to unpleasant symptoms.

Gas release from the intestines - normal phenomenon and natural physiological process in organism. However, gases must accumulate in normal values, do not lead to bloating.

Perhaps it’s time to consult a gastroenterologist and undergo diagnostics, based on which the doctor will help establish an accurate diagnosis.

The cause of bloating and colic in the abdomen can be inflammatory disease stomach, intestines, or oncology, when immediate, urgent treatment can no longer be avoided.

What do Israeli proctologists say about constipation?

Constipation is very dangerous and very often this is the first symptom of hemorrhoids! Few people know, but getting rid of it is very simple. Just 3 cups of this tea a day will relieve you of constipation, flatulence and other problems with the gastrointestinal tract...

- This is a very unpleasant problem that causes a person great discomfort.

There are quite a few reasons that cause gas. The main factor influencing their appearance is not proper nutrition. But in some cases increased gas formation is a consequence serious illnesses digestive tract.

The discomfort caused by this problem negatively affects a person’s social life and reduces its quality in general.

1. You need to understand which foods cause increased gas formation and eliminate them from your diet

Most often this is:

• Fiber (excluded from the diet if gas formation is accompanied by diarrhea)
• Dairy
• Seeds and legumes (chickpeas, lentils, beans)
• Leaf salad
• Carbonated drinks
• Apples, grapes
• Cabbage
• Fried and fatty foods
• Chewing gum

It is important to understand which foods cause increased gas formation specifically in your case, and it is also recommended to take at least two liters of water per day.

2. Don't eat on the go

Gas can also appear when we eat in a hurry and on the run. In this case, we simply do not have time to chew food thoroughly.

That is why gases and belching often bother people experiencing tension and nervous attacks of hunger.

It is very important to follow a food intake schedule (at least five times a day and in small quantities).

3. Taking medications

Taking certain medications interferes with the production of essential digestive enzymes. Therefore, it happens that increased gas formation becomes side effect such treatment.

It happens that the moment the problem appears coincides with the start of a course of medication.

If this is the case for you, contact your doctor.

4. Diseases of the digestive system

Despite the fact that in most cases the cause of gas formation lies in the diet, It is recommended to pay attention to how often gas appears.

If this is a recurring symptom, then perhaps there is something wrong with your body.

Increased gas production at night, for example, is the main symptom of a disease such as irritable bowel syndrome.

The main characteristic of this disorder is intolerance to many types of food. In this case, gases are accompanied by severe abdominal pain and nausea.

5. Bacterial intestinal microflora

Entering human body food travels a surprisingly complex path.

When moving from small intestine in thick food is already partially digested. And at this moment the bacteria of the intestinal microflora get to work.

This process can lead to the formation of gases that begin to look for a “way out” of our body.

How to get rid of gases?

There are a large number of home recipes to calm the intestines swollen with gases.

The most common and effective are infusions or decoctions of such medicinal plants, How:

• Chamomile
• Various types of mint
• Ginger

It is recommended that you try each of these infusions to find out which one is most effective for you. In principle, all these plants bring good result. But their main advantage is this is the absence of side effects.

You can also try taking apple cider vinegar. To do this you need to add 1 tablespoon apple cider vinegar into a glass of water and stir. You can add a little more if you wish. lemon juice and baking soda.

What to do if there is too much gas?

If there are too many gases, their formation is accompanied by pain ( intestinal colic), enlargement of the abdomen, loss of bowel movements, It is recommended to seek help from a gastroenterologist.

It is this specialist who will be able to deliver correct diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment.

As we have already said, there are many reasons for the occurrence of gases. Identifying and eliminating them will be the key to solving your problem.

When we suffer from frequent gases that cannot find a way out, the stomach swells, colic begins, we are embarrassed by this fact, we do not consider this a reason to go to the doctor and get treatment. Meanwhile, this may signal problems in the digestive system and certain diseases. Although most often the reason that strong gases are formed in the intestines is the peculiarity of nutrition - diet, behavior while eating, combination of foods.

What to do with gas in the intestines? The bulk of gastric gases accumulate in the large intestine. Gas usually passes during stool. But some people have too much gas in their body, which bothers them all day.

Flatulence(from the Greek meteorismós - rising upward), swelling, bloating as a result of excessive accumulation of gases in the digestive tract. Normally, a healthy person’s stomach and intestines contain about 900 cm³ of gases. Flatulence(lat. flatulentia) - the release of gases from anus, caused by the influence of intestinal microflora, often characterized by stench and emitted with characteristic sounds. Flatulence and flatulence are the result of increased formation of gases in the intestines.

Stomach gas is made up of five components: oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane. An unpleasant odor is usually the result of other gases, such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, and other substances. Carbonated drinks increase the content carbon dioxide in the stomach and can cause gas release.

Despite the fact that complaints about the accumulation of gases in the intestines are common cause consultation with a gastroenterologist, it is not considered a disease. This is a symptom closely related to lifestyle and nutrition.

But strong gases in the intestines can signal any serious problems, they cannot appear without a specific reason, so when an “attack” of gases begins in my intestines, then think about your diet. Don’t eat whatever you can get your hands on, any nonsense bought on the street, a hot dog, a pie, or something else. It’s not strange that gases in the stomach are formed in such excess that the abdomen swells. Take charge of your diet and make it healthy...

The reason for the accumulation of gases in the intestines is stress, intolerance to any type of food, consumption of foods that easily cause the formation of gases, rush while eating, constipation. Therefore, to cope with this symptom, doctors recommend first of all reconsidering the way you eat.

Because of stressful situations, some people overexert themselves greatly, and the muscles begin to contract incorrectly, causing rumbling, gas formation, false urges to the toilet.

Gas constantly forms in the stomach and intestines of all people and can be released in the form of belching or flatulence. More often they are formed in the large intestine as a result of fermentation of food or the accumulation of air swallowed during meals. When too many of them form, it begins to bother patients.

Basically, gas in the intestines occurs due to the fact that it cannot absorb certain carbohydrates. I think each of us knows which foods affect us the most. To reduce the bloating process you need to eat a certain product in small quantity or mixing it with something else.

Accumulation of gases in the intestines and flatulence can occur in any person, but it is quite obvious that in some people it occurs especially often. The reasons for this are that many food products easily cause gas and many people cannot tolerate certain foods. From the moment the first signs of the disorder appear, it is necessary to establish more stringent and correct standards nutrition.

Flatulence and flatulence are common in infants. They are the cause of abdominal cramps, which are relieved light massage baby's tummy (clockwise).

In adults, people most susceptible to this disorder are those with lactose intolerance, pancreatic dysfunction, irritable bowel syndrome, or digestive disorders. The same thing happens with nervous people who experience chronic stress or suffering from neuroses.

The cause of gas may be fruits, which some people eat after meals; in fact, they cause the fermentation process in the stomach. Therefore, if you suffer from gas, then first of all pay attention to your diet.

Many people have also accustomed themselves to soda, and they drink it not only in the summer, when it’s hot, but also in the winter, when it’s cold - it’s not clear why.

If you chew gum for a long time, then air is also swallowed in large quantities, and chewing gum lovers chew it for hours, not realizing that they are creating a very unpleasant problems with well-being.

Prevention of flatulence, accumulation of gases in the intestines

In order to cope with the problem of increased gases in the intestines, doctors recommend the following:

• First of all, you need to observe what food causes the accumulation of gases in the intestines, and try to avoid it. It is recommended to pay attention to products with big amount fiber: brown bread, cabbage, beans, beans, lentils, peas, onions, strawberries, pears, citrus fruits, tomatoes, as well as dairy products and sweets. In some people, the accumulation of gases in the intestines is caused by fatty and meat products, others have flour.
• give up milk for two weeks and pay attention to the effect of such a diet: gases are often tormented due to intolerance to the lactose contained in milk.
• To maintain a normal bowel movement rhythm and cope with constipation, it is recommended to take foods with fiber that is not digested in the intestines, for example: adding ground wheat bran to your food.
• It is important not to overeat, avoid drinking carbonated drinks and excess alcohol. Food should be taken without haste, chewing it thoroughly.
• It is recommended to replace coffee with herbal infusions, meat with fish. The meat should be well cooked or fried and contain as little fat as possible.
• After eating, it’s a good idea to walk a little so that your intestines work more actively.
• eliminate one of the following from your diet following products and see what the result will be: peas, legumes, lentils, cabbage, radishes, onions, Brussels sprouts, sauerkraut, apricots, bananas, prunes, raisins made from whole grain bread, muffins, pretzels, milk, sour cream, ice cream and milkshakes.

How to treat a condition when gas in the intestines is tormented

If the cause of excess gases is illness, then all measures against gases are only temporary; in any case, you need to be treated for the underlying disease.
Strictly speaking, it is not the presence of gases that is treated (this is a symptom), but, if possible, the cause of their excess or the disease that caused them is eliminated. Personally, knowing my liver problem, I periodically drink herbal infusions for the liver and bile ducts, after which I stop feeling gases and discomfort from them.

Fermented milk products, crumbly millet and buckwheat, baked fruits and vegetables (beets, carrots), boiled meat, wheat bread with bran from wholemeal flour. If bloating still makes itself felt, give your stomach a rest - at least once a week - this is a fasting day. During the day, cook rice several times without salt and oil, and eat it warm, or drink kefir - 1.5-2 liters will last you the whole day. This unloading will help restore digestion and remove accumulated toxins from the intestines.

Fennel is so effective and mild remedy for gas, that it is given even to newborn babies suffering from gas. In India for better digestion and the release of gases, fennel (as well as anise and caraway seeds) after eating is thoroughly chewed and swallowed. The product really works, and not only does it help improve the smell of your breath!

You can also prepare decoctions with anise, fennel, and caraway seeds: they are prepared in the same way, but they need to be boiled for 10 minutes.

When the cause of excess gas is nervous tension or stress, you need to accept depressant(motherwort extract, valerian or sedative collection, including mint).

Constant belching and gases in the intestines indicate that the food is poorly absorbed or that food poisoning. If the belching becomes sour, take measures and induce vomiting, do an enema with the addition of chamomile decoction, often only these measures help remove the symptoms.

For babies You can brew dill water - pour boiling water over the dill seeds and give the child this tea. After reception dill water gases pass more easily and the child becomes calmer. A warm diaper placed on the tummy will also help.

For drug treatment clusters gases V intestines There are medications that reduce the formation of gas, although they do not work equally well on all people. These are derivatives of simethicone. Many patients can benefit from pancreatic digestive enzymes (pacreatin, mezim), etc.

As a rule, the accumulation of gases in the intestines is not a sign of illness. However, if gas is a persistent problem and is accompanied by other symptoms such as constipation, heartburn, stomach pain, difficulty swallowing, or weight loss, a thorough evaluation should be performed. diagnostic examination, so as not to view another disease. To clarify the diagnosis, medical institutions use abdominal ultrasound, tomography and radiography, fecal occult blood analysis, gastro- and colonoscopy.

Gases in the intestines are a normal physiological process in the body of any person. Increased formation of gases (flatulence) is not a sign of any serious pathology in the body, but requires treatment, since it causes severe discomfort and indicates the first disturbances in the functioning of the digestive organs (esophagus, stomach, intestines).

Physiology

Flatulence is a widespread phenomenon in which excess gases accumulate in the intestines.

It can feel absolutely healthy man when overeating, consuming foods rich in plant fiber. Excessive accumulations of gases in the intestines result from a violation of the relationship between the formation and removal of gases. They enter the intestines from air swallowed by a person into the stomach, gas released from the bloodstream and from the cecum.

Normally, a person produces gases up to 25 times a day. They have no smell. Unpleasant aroma is a consequence of compounds such as indole, skatole, hydrogen sulfide. They are breakdown products during the interaction of intestinal microorganisms with undigested leftovers food entering the large intestine from the small intestine.

Gases in the intestine are multiple small bubbles covered with viscous mucus. Their content in large quantities complicates digestion, absorption of nutrients and reduces the activity of enzymes.

Causes

In medicine, there are several types of increased gas formation in the intestines, each of which has its own causes:

• nutritional – physiological reasons associated with the ingestion of large amounts of air into the stomach along with food, as well as the consumption of foods excessively rich in fiber;
• Digestive - increased accumulation of gases in the intestines occurs against the background of insufficient levels of enzymes. IN in rare cases the process may occur as a consequence of impaired bile circulation;
• dyspiotic - flatulence occurs due to a violation of the normal ratio of beneficial and pathogenic microflora in the intestine;
• mechanical – with the formation of adhesions in the large intestine, malignant or benign neoplasms they make the intestinal lumen narrower, causing problems with normal gas exchange;
• dynamic – at serious pathologies(peritonitis, intoxication of the body feces at acute obstruction, with anomalies in the development of the intestine), the formation and removal of gas from the intestine becomes difficult and slows down;
• circulatory - flatulence manifests itself against the background of improper functioning of the circulatory system.

The causes of gas in the intestines are also more commonplace, including:

• smoking - along with tobacco smoke the smoker, at the level of reflexes, draws in a large amount of air;
• poor chewing of food;
• drinking large amounts of highly carbonated drinks;
• surgical interventions;
• stressful situations;
• taking strong antibiotics.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of increased gas formation, which causes discomfort, include:

• feeling of fullness in the intestines, bloating;
• in rare cases, mild pain of a single or constant nature is possible, occurring in the area of ​​the stomach and esophagus, mainly after eating;
• acute pain - strong congestion gases in the intestines, stretches its walls, a reflex spasm is formed and, as a result, pain;
• rumbling in the stomach - occurs when a large amount of gas is mixed with the liquid part of the intestinal contents;
• frequent belching - occurs due to dysphagia (swallowing disorder in which a person swallows a large volume of air) and the return of gas from the stomach. Belching is a natural physiological process. But if it is accompanied by an unpleasant odor and painful sensations, this may indicate some disorders in the digestive system;
• constipation or diarrhea - violations of the act of defecation are always accompanied by increased gas formation;
• nausea – rare and not entirely characteristic symptom, which may indicate digestive disorders and, as a result, the content of a large amount of toxins and remaining particles of undigested food in the colon;
• feeling of discomfort after eating: heaviness;
• splenic flexure syndrome - flatulence occurs due to rare anatomical structure intestines. Left bend colon is located high under the diaphragm and represents an obstacle to the free passage of gases. The syndrome is dangerous due to its symptoms, which are often confused with the manifestation of heart failure, since this intestinal structure causes strong pressure and pain in the chest area.
• flatulation - gases escaping through the rectum have a strong, bad smell. Normally, such episodes occur 15 to 20 times a day.

Symptoms of gas in the intestines may occur constantly or periodically after eating certain foods. It is characteristic that discomfort and discomfort disappear after the passage of gas or defecation.

Signs of flatulence manifest themselves more often and more clearly in the afternoon, when all systems and organs are working at full capacity. Considering that the symptoms of flatulence are not specific, they depend on many factors and are very often combined with more serious intestinal pathologies further treatment depends on the characteristics of the person’s diet and a thorough examination.

Diagnostics

If the patient complains of severe discomfort and frequent pain gastroenterologist conducts general examination to exclude possible existing pathologies or abnormalities in the functioning of the stomach, esophagus and intestines, as well as to determine the causes of flatulence. The following diagnostic methods are used:

• coprogram - taking stool for analysis, which allows you to detect a lack of enzymes responsible for the digestive process;
• stool analysis for dysbacteriosis - to identify possible violations in the intestinal microflora.
• X-ray of the intestines - to identify possible pathologies in the form of mechanical obstacles that interfere with the movement of food, feces and gases in the intestines.
• Colonoscopy – is prescribed to examine the colon and identify pathologies of varying degrees.

Features of treatment

How to get rid of gases in the intestines if no diseases or abnormalities have been identified? In this case, the specialist can prescribe an appointment special drugs, and adjusting the diet.

Drug therapy

From medicines the following types are prescribed:

• Mezim Forte, Pancreatin, Festal are preparations containing digestive enzymes. With their deficiency in the body, food particles are not digested properly, but decompose, causing the formation of a large volume of gases in the intestines for their processing;
• Cholenzym, vigetarin - prescribed to improve motor skills;
• prebiotics: duphalac, hilak forte - preparations containing alimentary fiber, which provide a breeding ground for native intestinal microflora;
• probiotics: linex, bifiform - products with a high content of live strains of microorganisms. They produce beneficial bacteria and populate the intestinal mucosa with them;
• prokinetics: motilium, motilak, ganaton - are indicated to stimulate the passage of food bolus through the esophagus. They help reduce the activity of bacteria and their formation of gases;
• smecta, polyphepan - absorbents prescribed to absorb excessive amounts of gases;
• antispasmodics: no-spa, drotaverine - prescribed for removal severe pain with prolonged flatulence.

Diet

A balanced and proper diet helps get rid of gases in the intestines - this is part conservative therapy and the most The best way prevention of increased gas formation in the intestines. The menu should include products that not only provide a complete complex of vitamins and microelements, but also stimulate intestinal motility, reduce fermentation processes and restore its normal microflora.

Basic rules for eating during flatulence:

• Frequent meals, but in small portions(200 g) up to 5-6 times a day. This allows the body to quickly break down foods and the intestines to absorb essential microelements and remove remaining dietary fiber, preventing their rotting and fermentation.
• Excessively hot and cold foods are best avoided from the diet, as they increase the secretion of gastric juice and contribute to intestinal irritation.
• You should not eat foods that are incompatible with each other: salty and sweet foods, foods enriched with coarse plant fiber and milk. This complex increases the load on the digestive tract and provokes increased fermentation.
• All dishes are best consumed boiled, stewed, steamed or baked to ensure the most gentle effect on the digestive system.
• The salt content in cooked dishes should be limited so as not to provoke irritation of the gastric and intestinal mucosa.
• It is necessary to drink a sufficient amount of liquid: 1.5-2 liters per day (at the rate of 25 ml per 1 kg of a person’s net weight drinking water without gas). This also prevents fermentation processes and ensures timely removal of feces from the body.

Prohibited products

Prohibited foods include foods that increase increased gas formation in the small or large intestine:

• foods containing a lot vegetable fiber: apples, beans, beans, peas, broccoli, radishes, nuts;
• drinks and dishes containing large amounts of carbohydrates (lactose, fructose, sorbitol, raffinose). Breaking down in the body into fine particles, they provoke rotting of food masses. These include: kvass, beer, highly carbonated flavored drinks, milk, ice cream, etc.;
• products containing substances that irritate the mucous membrane of the digestive tract and intestines: essential oils, preservatives, food additives;
• vegetables with a high starch content: potatoes, corn, wheat.

A balanced menu for flatulence should first of all consist of dishes that do not stimulate increased gas formation, but normalize stool and gas discharge:

• wheat bread, crackers made from wheat flour;
• steamed poultry;
• low-fat varieties of fish;
• fresh herbs;
• fermented milk products containing beneficial bifidobacteria;
• natural green tea no flavorings;
• porridge with water: oatmeal, buckwheat, rice;
• scrambled eggs.

Folk remedies

Gases in the intestines - how to get rid of discomfort with natural herbs and medicinal plants?

To relieve discomfort and pain

4 tbsp. l. red rowan berries (can be replaced with 1 tbsp dill seeds), 3 tbsp. l. Mix mint and the same amount of valerian. 1 tbsp. l. herbal collection pour 1 tbsp. boiling water and leave for at least 60 minutes, tightly covering the container with the infusion with a lid.

The decoction is drunk on an empty stomach, 100 ml 2 times a day, 30 minutes before meals.

The course of treatment for gases in the intestines is 14 days. To relieve discomfort and pain, the decoction can be taken simultaneously.

For severe bloating

1 tbsp. l. dry chamomile, pour 200 ml of just boiled water, close the lid, wrap in something warm and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 100 ml of the prepared broth twice 30 minutes before meals. The decoction can be consumed when you feel severe bloating abdomen for prevention purposes at once or drink in a course of 20 days. Every day a new infusion is prepared.

To prevent flatulence

2 cloves of garlic, 1 tbsp. l. table salt, chop a pinch of dill (fresh or dried) and 5 blackcurrant leaves. Pour the resulting mixture into 1 liter of hot boiled water and leave to infuse for 24 hours in a warm place. The finished drink is drunk on an empty stomach every morning, 100 ml.