Constant malaise causes weakness. Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CFS - chronic fatigue syndrome

The state of weakness in our time is familiar to every working person. If our grandparents lived in a clean environment and worked more often fresh air, experiencing weakness only during illnesses, then today we have “closed ourselves” in megacities, and our life - mainly - passes indoors, and even in transport - both in winter and in summer. Of course, if weakness appears after past illness, or after hard work, mental or physical, this is quite normal - in this case it goes away as soon as the body recovers and gets stronger.

However, modern doctors emphasize that weakness is one of the most common conditions, and people of working age, young people and even teenagers complain about this condition. What causes this? The factors here are different - not only physiological, but also psychological, but the sensations for each person are individual.

Some people simply feel very tired, others feel dizzy, their attention is lost, their memory deteriorates; it seems to some that there is “not enough energy,” although in fact there is a lot of free energy around a person - just have time to use it, but in a weakened state this is impossible - in general, the sensations are subjective.

Causes of weakness in the body

Each of us experiences weakness at certain moments in our busy lives. Perhaps after a hard day at the dacha or work in the office, but it seems that there is no strength left for anything else. This is completely normal and does not indicate any serious illness. To come to your senses and restore lost strength, you just need to rest or get some sleep.

You should start worrying when powerlessness haunts you. Even after proper rest, a person does not feel a surge of strength. This organism signals to its owner that “something is broken.” But the cause of weakness in the body is most often very difficult to establish, especially if there are no other symptoms. But, basically, a person experiences chronic exhaustion when he suddenly takes on significant physical exercise. To get rid of this condition, it is better to load your body gradually, more and more every day. Playing sports also helps a lot.

Experts distinguish two types of fatigue: emotional and physical. The peak of physical fatigue occurs in the evening. It goes away after a good night's sleep. But when emotional fatigue a person gets up exhausted in the morning, and by evening energy fills the body. Let's talk about the causes of weakness in the body:

• Heavy physical or mental work that lasts for a long time without rest.
• Insufficient physical activity. Often, weakness in the body occurs due to the fact that a person moves very little and almost never performs basic gymnastic exercises.
• Improper and plentiful nutrition. By eating foods saturated with fats, simple carbohydrates and artificial additives, the human body becomes polluted, which is why the patient constantly complains of weakness in the body, drowsiness and emotional instability.
• Dissatisfaction with life. If there have been no changes in a person’s life for a long time, or he is always dissatisfied with his wages, family relationships and other negative situations, then a depressed moral state is necessarily reflected on his physical body.
• Chronic lack of sleep. As you know, for normal functioning the body requires continuous rest for eight hours a day. If sleep lasts much less, then the person begins to experience a feeling of rapid fatigue, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, apathy, etc.
• Taking strong medications. As a rule, the annotation for such tablets must indicate those side effects that manifest themselves in the patient in the form of weakness in the body. In this case, it is recommended to consult a doctor immediately.
• Dehydration of the body. Very often, weakness in the body occurs in people in the summer. In most cases, this occurs due to insufficient fluid intake.

Diseases accompanied by weakness

Weakness is a common symptom inherent in a wide range of diseases. It is possible to establish the exact cause of the disease necessary research and tests, as well as accompanying weaknesses and other clinical manifestations. Thus, a popular cause of weakness is influenza, an acute viral infectious disease accompanied by general intoxication of the body. Along with weakness, additional symptoms appear here, such as photophobia, pain in the head, joints and muscles, intense sweating.

The occurrence of weakness is characteristic of another common phenomenon - vegetative-vascular dystonia, which is a whole complex of various symptoms, among which are: sleep disturbance, dizziness, interruptions in heart function. U healthy person weakness can occur as a result of: brain injuries, blood loss - as a result of a sharp decrease in blood pressure. In women, weakness occurs during menstruation. Sharp and severe weakness is a symptom inherent in severe poisoning and general intoxication.

Malfunction of the thyroid gland - problems with the thyroid gland can also manifest themselves in changes in weight (especially difficulties with weight loss), dry skin, chills and menstrual irregularities. These are typical signs of hypothyroidism - decreased activity the thyroid gland, due to which the body lacks metabolism-regulating hormones. In an advanced state, the disease can lead to joint diseases, heart disease and infertility. 80% of patients are women.

Workplace organization

To feel energized at work, you need to pay attention to the environment in your workplace. You should carry out your activities in a well-ventilated area, in addition, make sure that it is not smoky under any circumstances.

Folk remedies against weakness

Birch sap helps to regain strength - especially after winter - if you drink a glass of it 3 times a day - of course, it is advisable to use fresh one.

Tea with lime color or medicinal verbena, which the ancient Celts considered healing and called the “herb of love”, as well as dandelion jam perfectly help get rid of weakness and loss of strength. Recipes for dandelion jam are not difficult to find - it is also called “dandelion honey.”

And of course, the well-known fish oil will always help us. Previously, it was included in the mandatory diet of children - it was given even in kindergarten, but now it is undeservedly forgotten. Use 2-3 tsp. fish oil before meals, 3 times a day, and weakness will never bother you.

What person is not familiar with the feeling of weakness in the body, when there is no strength to simply get out of bed, not to mention more energy-consuming things? A feeling of general weakness is a subjective factor in a person’s well-being when he has a lack of strength for any physical exertion and everyday activities, the performance of which in a normal state does not cause any problems. At the same time, fatigue and weakness feel similar to each other for a person - there is a feeling of exhaustion, you want to quickly take horizontal position and don't move. But the difference is that the cause of banal fatigue is obvious, for example, physical training, lack of sleep or a very active day. As for general weakness, a person feels a lack of strength for other reasons, which he cannot always determine on his own if they are not obvious.

Why does general weakness occur?

What reasons could be responsible for the resulting weakness? All reasons can be divided into two large groups - known and unknown. So, for example, if a child or adult is sick with the flu, he has heat, it is natural that he will feel exhausted even without any physical activity, and the reason for his poor health is obvious. It’s another matter when a person feels general weakness for a long time without any significant accompanying symptoms, and does not know that this condition is a manifestation, for example, of anemia or hormonal pathologies.

The fact is that fatigue itself and general state weakness may be a symptom large quantity diseases, and it can be caused by more than a hundred causes. Among them, for example, there is vitamin deficiency - a lack of vitamins, one or more. Often, causeless weakness is a consequence of a lack of B vitamins in the body, especially vitamin B12, which is responsible for the production of red blood cells and prevents the development of anemia. It is because of its lack that a person can develop anemia (anemia), which can provoke a state of weakness and weakness. A deficiency of vitamin D, produced by the body under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, is especially noticeable in winter and autumn, and the feeling of chronic fatigue and weakness during these seasons can be triggered by a lack of the “sunshine” vitamin.

Depression is a serious psychiatric disorder, and not a banal bad mood, as many people mistakenly think a large number of of people. Manifests constant feeling depression, physical and mental retardation, disturbances and disorders of thinking.

Thyroid diseases and related diseases hormonal disorders lead to a feeling of weakness, for example, with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Reduced organ function (hypothyroidism) provokes weakness in the limbs, when everything literally “falls out of hand,” according to patients. Hyperthyroidism, in addition to the described feeling, is accompanied by nervous excitability, hand tremors, fever, and heart rhythm disturbances.

Celiac disease is a not very common pathology, which consists of the inability of the human intestine to absorb gluten. If the affected person does not know about the problem and continues to consume flour products and pasta made from flour, in addition to flatulence and diarrhea with loose stools, he will experience constant fatigue.

Some other reasons for constantly feeling weak:

• taking certain medications (antihistamines, beta blockers, antidepressants);
• vegetative-vascular dystonia;
• diabetes;
• oncological diseases;
• chronic fatigue syndrome;
• dehydration;
• anemia and other blood diseases;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• acute and chronic infectious processes, acute respiratory viral infections and colds;
• state of intoxication.

In addition, a state of malaise can develop during menstruation in women, with injuries to the torso and skull, after general anesthesia and operations.

Classification of ailments accepted in medical theory

Depending on the mechanism of development and manifestation of the condition, it is classified into the following types:

• generalized weakness that develops and progresses slowly;
• acute and rapidly progressing condition;
• recurrent and intermittent general weakness.

The nature of the formation and development of illness is a factor that plays an important role in determining the causes of illness. So, for example, the first type of condition is typical for:

• sarcoidosis;
• myopathies;
• diseases connective tissue;
• intoxication;
• oncological processes;
• metabolic disorders;
• endocrinopathies;
• psychogenic weakness;
• general somatic diseases with and without damage to the neuromuscular system.

An acute condition with sharp progression can develop with myopathy, lesions of the nervous system such as polio, and also with psychogenic weakness.

The last type of pathological condition occurs in diseases of the central nervous system and neuromuscular lesions (myasthenia gravis, periodic paralysis).

Symptoms that form and accompany a feeling of general weakness

As already mentioned above, a state of malaise is, first of all, a person’s subjective feeling, his complaints about well-being. The manifestation of weakness can have several variants of symptoms, which consist of several pathological conditions.

For example, weakness may be accompanied by:

• absentmindedness;
• headache, pain in joints and muscles;
• disturbances of concentration and memory;
• decreased performance and productivity;
• speech difficulties;
• feeling of overwork;
• deterioration and decrease in mental activity.

In addition, the state of weakness may be accompanied by:

• fever and euphoria;
• swollen lymph nodes;
• pain in the back and lower back;
• eye fatigue, hoarseness of voice;
• sleep disturbances and weight fluctuations;
• decreased appetite;
• heavy sweating;
• nausea, dizziness, vomiting, loss of consciousness;
• temperature rise to low-grade or high levels.

In this case, the person prefers to be stationary, he experiences a sharp or gradual decrease in activity, depressed mood, heartbeat disturbances, pallor skin, sensitivity to noise and light.

Weakness due to infectious diseases

Most infectious and viral diseases occur against a background of gradually increasing malaise and general deterioration in well-being, especially while the virus or infection is in the process of reproducing. Weakness in such cases is combined with fever, headache, intestinal disorders and indigestion, diarrhea, sleep disturbances, vomiting, dry cough, nasal congestion. Possible skin rashes, sore throat, drowsiness, swollen lymph nodes. The condition is directly related to the intoxication that has occurred in the body. The course of an infectious disease is possible without fever, especially in those affected with weak immunity. A person has a headache and a sore throat, he sleeps a lot and practically does not eat. Such symptoms are characteristic of the acute course of infectious diseases. Weakness may not be accompanied by other pathological manifestations - in this case we can speak of an asymptomatic course.

It is interesting that during the day the condition of the affected person is not the same: if in the morning after waking up he feels relatively cheerful, then after lunch and in the evening the temperature rises, and all the symptoms of malaise intensify.

Signs of oncological processes

Constant weakness in cancer patients is their natural state; over time, they even get used to it and do not notice their weakened state. Weakness is caused by intoxication of the body, because a growing tumor releases toxic products of its vital activity into the surrounding tissues and vessels. Moreover, the malaise manifests itself in other signs. On early stages During the development of tumors, a person may notice slight pain, and when the tumor has already formed, the site of its localization often significantly hurts. In addition, the sick person loses his appetite, and his weight begins to decrease. The worst thing is when the appetite is normal and the person eats normally, but the weight is still melting before our eyes - this means that metabolic processes are disrupted. One of the early signs of oncology is an unreasonable increase in body temperature for no apparent reason. In fact, the reason is tumor suppression immune system, which responds in this way. The patient may feel increased sweating and often breaks into a cold sweat.

The nails, hair and skin react to the tumor growing in the body. For example, with a tumor of the thyroid gland, severe hair loss occurs and nails become brittle. When the liver is damaged, the skin turns yellow; if the disease is localized in the adrenal glands, the skin darkens.

Weakness due to diabetes

The main reasons why weakness can develop in a patient diagnosed with diabetes:

• overdose of insulin-containing drugs for type 1 diabetes;
• developing pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, kidney damage;
• diseases of cardio-vascular system;
• inadequate dosage of glucose-lowering drugs for type 2 diabetes;
• formation of one type of coma (hypersmolar, ketoacidotic, hypoglycemic, lactic acidemic);
• use alcoholic drinks;
• intense physical activity.

It is known that in the body of a person with diabetes mellitus, some processes occur differently than in a healthy person. Due to improper functioning of the pancreas, insufficient insulin production occurs. Its lack and the development of resistance of cellular receptors to it becomes the reason that glucose does not enter the body tissues in the required concentration. Glucose, in turn, is a source of energy to maintain life. In addition, an increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood leads to its thickening, and the internal organs no longer receive the required amount. nutrients, because the blood flow to them is worse. The result of such a violation is a feeling of weakness that haunts a diabetic.

Insufficient trophism of body tissues is manifested by increased fatigue, a feeling of loss of strength and muscle weakness. If you do not provide timely therapy to the patient, he may develop brain hypoxia, and then the death of his tissues.

Diseases of the spine that may cause loss of strength

Can a feeling of weakness from the spine, in which pathology is formed, bother a person? Osteochondrosis is one of the most common spinal diseases that develops in men and women in adulthood or old age. It is associated with destructive processes in the vertebrae and intervertebral discs, which results in the destruction of the cartilage and connective tissue of the spine. The location of the vertebrae changes, the distance between them decreases, and a person experiences clamping of nerve endings. A person feels pain in the back of the head, lower back, chest, and sometimes in the limbs. In addition, the affected person feels weakness - most often, it is localized in the lower extremities; they literally do not support the patient, but it can cover the entire body. A person may experience numbness and loss of strength in his legs and arms, or, conversely, pain, burning and tingling in the muscles. General weakness in spinal osteochondrosis may indicate that degenerative processes involve several parts.

What to do if you constantly feel a loss of strength that is not related to wrong mode and lack of sleep? If performing familiar and simple everyday activities causes severe fatigue, and there are no objective reasons for this, you need to consult a doctor.

The fact is that a state of weakness, if it is constantly present and does not depend on physical activity, can be a sign of various diseases, from pathologies in the endocrine system to a lack of vitamins. What exactly caused the unpleasant and lethargic state can only be determined by a doctor.

Who should I contact if there is constant weakness? First of all, you need to visit a therapist. This general specialist will examine and interview the patient, prescribe general blood and urine tests, ultrasound of the thyroid gland, fluorography, and possibly refer him to a more specialized specialist, for example, an oncologist, endocrinologist, or immunologist.

It should be noted that weakness itself as a symptom does not have any diagnostic value, and in order to determine the exact cause of its occurrence, you will probably have to take a number of tests and undergo various examinations - their results will allow you to make an adequate diagnosis and prescribe treatment.

General concept of symptoms of lethargy, weakness, malaise

Weakness, lethargy, and malaise are extremely common complaints of patients. The reasons for the appearance of such complaints in a patient are very numerous. Since weakness, lethargy, and malaise are manifestations of a general reaction of the body, they occur in a wide variety of acute and chronic, long-term or severe diseases. Similar complaints are observed in patients with infectious diseases, systemic connective tissue diseases, kidney, liver, intestinal diseases, cancer, nervous and endocrine diseases.

Clinical characteristics of weakness, lethargy, malaise in infectious diseases

Viral hepatitis

Weakness, lethargy, malaise, decreased ability to work, sleep disturbances, and headache are manifestations of asthenovegetative syndrome in viral hepatitis. Viral hepatitis is an infectious disease characterized by general intoxication, predominant liver damage, impaired metabolic processes, often with the development of jaundice. The viral nature of the disease has been proven. There are various viruses that cause hepatitis: virus A - the causative agent of infectious hepatitis and viruses B, C - the causative agents of serum hepatitis. Sources of infection are a person suffering from an icteric or anicteric form of the disease, as well as persons who have had serum hepatitis in the past and are virus carriers. For infectious hepatitis, the main mechanism of transmission is fecal-oral. For serum hepatitis, the main importance is parenteral route infection.

Symptoms Incubation period at infectious hepatitis ranges from 25 to 45 days. With serum - from 60 to 160 days. The duration of the pre-icteric period is 1–2 weeks. More often it occurs according to the dyspeptic type ( poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, dull pain in the epigastric region, sometimes stool disorders). With arthralgic syndrome, in addition to pain in the joints, there is aching pain in the bones and muscles. Asthenovegetative syndrome is expressed.

Jaundice increases gradually: first it appears on the sclera, soft and hard palate, and finally the skin becomes yellow. Almost all patients have an enlarged liver, less often the spleen, bradycardia, hypotension, often itchy skin, headaches, and sleep disturbances. Urine becomes dark (“the color of velvet beer”), feces become acholic. The icteric period lasts 2 weeks.

According to clinical manifestations, viral hepatitis can occur in four forms:

1) icteric;

2) erased;

3) anicteric;

4) subclinical.

Among the icteric forms there are mild, moderate and severe. The latter, as the disease progresses, can give a picture of liver failure with the development of a precomatous and comatose state.

Diagnosis of viral hepatitis is based on clinical and epidemiological data, as well as on the results biochemical research(an increase in the level of bilirubin in the blood, especially direct bilirubin, activation of serum enzymes, especially alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, the appearance of urobilin and pigments in the urine). An important diagnostic criterion is the detection of antigens of viral hepatitis pathogens or specific antibodies in the patient’s blood.

Typhoparatyphoid diseases

With the appearance of general weakness, lethargy, malaise, headaches, loss of appetite, and sleep disturbances, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fevers A and B begin. Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fevers A and B are acute infectious diseases, manifested by bacteremia, intoxication, roseolous-papular rash and damage to the lymphatic system. apparatus, mainly small intestine. Pathogens typhoid fever and paratyphoid A and B belong to the genus Salmonella, which are stable in the external environment, but quickly die from the action of disinfectant solutions, direct sunlight, and boiling. The sources of infection are the sick person and the bacteria carrier. The infection can be introduced into the body of a healthy person from hands contaminated with the feces of a patient or a bacteria carrier.

Symptoms The incubation period lasts 7–20 days (usually 10–14). The disease begins gradually, within 3–5 days the symptoms of intoxication intensify, the temperature reaches a maximum (39–40 °C) and remains at a high level for 14–18 days. Patients feel lethargic, severe pallor skin and visible mucous membranes. In severe cases, loss of consciousness, hallucinations and delirium are possible (typhosus status). The tongue is dry, coated with a grayish-brown coating, and thickened. Hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the pharynx. The abdomen is swollen (“air cushion”), rumbling is noted upon palpation, some patients experience stool retention, others experience diarrhea. In some patients, shortening of the percussion sound is detected in the right iliac region(Padalka's symptom). By the end of the 1st week, the liver and spleen enlarge.

On the 8th–10th day of illness, a rash appears that looks like small single pink spots (roseola). The rash is not widespread, localized on the skin of the abdomen, less often on the chest, back. Muffled heart sounds, relative bradycardia, and decreased blood pressure are also noted. The respiratory organs are often affected (diffuse bronchitis, less commonly pneumonia). Sometimes protein and white blood cells appear in the urine. At the height of the disease, the number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood decreases, the ESR remains normal or is slightly increased.

Distinctive features of the clinic of paratyphoid A: a shorter incubation period (8–10 days), the disease begins acutely, often with a runny nose, cough, fever, often accompanied by chills, and its decrease is accompanied by profuse sweat, a rash appears on the 4–5th day and is distinguished by polymorphism, intoxication is usually moderate, the course is usually not severe.

For paratyphoid fever, the incubation period lasts 5–10 days. The disease begins acutely and is accompanied by severe chills, muscle pain and sweating. Symptoms of intoxication are mild and are often combined with symptoms acute gastroenteritis. The rash appears on the 2-3rd day, is polymorphic in nature, and can be abundant.

The diagnosis of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fevers A and B is made taking into account epidemiological data, the clinical picture of the disease and the results laboratory research(blood culture from the first days of the disease and throughout the entire febrile period, staging the agglutination reaction and indirect hemagglutination from the 8-10th day of the disease in dynamics). An immunofluorescent method is used to detect microbes in the blood 10–12 hours after inoculation.

Brucellosis

Patients in the initial period of acute brucellosis complain of weakness, lethargy, malaise, depressed mood, sleep disturbances and impaired performance. Brucellosis is an infectious-allergic disease that tends to have a protracted, often chronic course, characterized by prolonged fever, damage to the musculoskeletal, nervous, cardiovascular, urogenital and other systems. Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection.

The source of the disease in humans are small and large livestock, pigs, and in some places reindeer. Infection of people occurs through the alimentary route through milk or dairy products, through contact with animals or animal products (when caring for livestock, especially assisting with calving, processing carcasses, etc.).

Acute brucellosis

Acute brucellosis often begins suddenly. Some patients note headache, irritability, pain in muscles, joints. Characteristic phenomena of general intoxication are: fever, chills, sweat. The liver, spleen, and lymph nodes become enlarged. Hemorrhagic manifestations often develop: bleeding gums, nosebleeds, prolonged menstruation. Painful, dense formations (fibrositis, cellulite) may appear in the subcutaneous tissue. The genitourinary organs are often affected.

Subacute brucellosis

In subacute brucellosis (approximately 3 months from the onset of the disease), in addition to intoxication, focal lesions appear in the form of arthritis, neuritis, plexitis, etc. Sensitization of the body increases.

Chronic brucellosis

Chronic brucellosis (after 6 months from the onset of the disease) is characterized by a further restructuring of the body's reactivity with the involvement of new organs and systems in the pathological process; the phenomena of general intoxication in these cases are usually absent. The course of chronic brucellosis is long, with frequent relapses and exacerbations.

The diagnosis of brucellosis is made taking into account the epidemiological history (farm workers, meat processing plants, and veterinary personnel are most often affected), the characteristic clinical picture and laboratory data (Wright, Heddilson, RSC and Burke tests).

Tuberculosis

Patients with tuberculosis, especially minor forms of tuberculosis, for example focal pulmonary tuberculosis, complain of weakness, lethargy, and malaise. Respiratory tuberculosis is an infectious disease characterized by the formation of foci in the affected tissues specific inflammation and pronounced general reaction body. The causative agent is Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT), mainly human, less often bovine and avian types. The main source of infection is sick people or domestic animals, mainly cows.

They are usually infected aerogenously by inhaling tiny droplets of sputum secreted by patients into the air, which contain MTs. It is possible for infection to enter the body when consuming milk, meat, eggs from sick animals and birds.

Focal pulmonary tuberculosis refers to small forms of tuberculosis with coverage of no more than 1–2 segments. Focal processes include processes with a focal diameter of no more than 1 cm. Clinically, it occurs without pronounced symptoms. Patients complain of general weakness, lethargy, malaise, fatigue, decreased performance, irritability, sleep and appetite disturbances, increased sweating, dry cough, prolonged low-grade body temperature, and sometimes chest pain. With the accumulation of foci, percussion can reveal a slight shortening of the sound, auscultation - hard or vesicular-bronchial breathing, and with the disintegration of foci - breathing with moist fine-bubble rales. In terms of hemogram indicators and ESR deviations is not observed from the physiological norm. With repeated examination of sputum or wash water bronchi by bacteriological method with focal tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be detected in the lungs only in 15–25% of cases. In the diagnosis of focal pulmonary tuberculosis, a decisive role is played by X-ray method research. Newly emerging fresh lesions on the radiograph are represented by rounded small foci of low-intensity darkening with blurry contours. When old lesions worsen, a zone of perifocal inflammation is visible around them. X-ray changes are detailed by tomographic examination of the lungs. In this case, up to 80% of small decay cavities that are invisible on a survey and even targeted radiograph are revealed.

Clinical characteristics of weakness, lethargy, malaise in blood diseases

Leukemia

Weakness, lethargy, and malaise are observed in patients with acute and chronic leukemia. Acute leukemias include tumor diseases of the blood system, the main substrate of which are blast cells: myeoloblasts, lymphoblasts, monoblasts, erythroblasts, promyelocytic and undifferentiated blasts. Chronic leukemias include tumor diseases of the blood system, in which the main tumor mass of the bone marrow and blood consists of maturing or mature cells (lymphocytes - in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, young stab and segmented cells - in chronic myeloid leukemia, erythrocytes - in erythremia, etc.) .

Clinically common to all acute leukemia are increasing “unreasonable” weakness, lethargy, malaise, sweating, dizziness, bleeding, increased body temperature, and bone pain. IN varying degrees Peripheral lymph nodes, liver, spleen may be enlarged, and gum hyperplasia is noted. The diagnosis is based on the detection of blast cells in the blood and bone marrow. Hemogram - anemia and thrombocytopenia may be observed. The white blood cell count may be increased, decreased, or normal. In the leukocyte formula there is lymphocytosis, blasts, the cytochemical characteristics of which establish the variant of acute leukemia. Myelogram - blast cells make up from 20 to 90%. IN in doubtful cases An additional trephine biopsy is performed for cytological and histological examination of the bone marrow.

Chronic myeloid leukemia

With chronic myeloid leukemia at the beginning of the advanced stage of the disease, the patient has no complaints or there is a decrease in performance and pain in the left hypochondrium. Objectively - neutrophilic leukocytosis, shift to the left, enlarged spleen, sometimes eosinophilic-basophilic association. The number of leukocytes gradually increases, a left shift, relative lymphopenia, thrombocytosis are noted, anemia increases, the spleen reaches a significant size, bone pain and hepatomegaly appear. Bone marrow- rejuvenation of the white germ, often megakaryocytosis, increase in the leuko-erythrocyte index. Trephine biopsy - almost all adipose tissue replaced by myeloid. IN terminal stage high constant fever appears, cachexia progresses, severe weakness, bone pain, severe spleno- and hepatomegaly, enlarged lymph nodes, and hemorrhagic diathesis are noted. Hemogram - pancytopenia: anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or leukocytosis, increased number of blast cells. Myelogram - blasts from 25 to 95%, aneuploid cells.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

In chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the first symptoms may be weakness, lethargy, malaise, sweating, and increased fatigue. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia - benign tumor an immunocompetent system, the morphological substrate of which is made up of mature and maturing lymphocytes, which primarily belong to functionally inferior B-lymphocytes, but with a long life expectancy.

Patients experience weight loss, enlarged peripheral (cervical, axillary, inguinal) lymph nodes, enlarged spleen, liver, mediastinal, abdominal, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Due to reduced resistance to bacterial infections, patients often suffer from bronchitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, etc. Skin lesions (Sézary syndrome), erythroderma, eczema, psoriatic rashes, etc. are common, and herpes zoster is often noted. Hemogram - leukocytosis, less often the number of leukocytes is normal or reduced, relative and (or) absolute lymphocytosis due to mature lymphocytes; Gumprecht's shadows (nuclei of destroyed lymphocytes). Anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased ESR appear with progression chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Sometimes positive test Coombs. The amount of immunoglobulins is reduced. Myelogram - a sharp increase in lymphocytic (more than 20–90%) metaplasia and narrowing of other areas of hematopoiesis.

Clinical characteristics of weakness, lethargy, malaise in rheumatism

Weakness, lethargy, malaise, fatigue, palpitations, any prolonged temperature reaction after a sore throat, pharyngitis, or acute respiratory infection raise suspicions regarding the diagnosis of rheumatism. Rheumatism - systemic inflammatory lesion connective tissue with a predominant localization of the process in the cardiovascular system and musculoskeletal system. A convincing connection has been established between streptococcal nasopharyngeal infection (streptococcus serological group A) and rheumatism. There are 3 periods in the development of the rheumatic process.

The first period (from 1 to 3 weeks) is usually characterized by an asymptomatic course or mild malaise, arthralgia.

There may be nosebleeds, pale skin, low-grade body temperature, increased ESR, streptococcal antibody titers (ASL-0, ASG, ASA), ECG changes. This is the pre-disease, or preclinical stage of the disease. During this period, immunological restructuring of the body occurs after suffering a streptococcal infection.

The second period is characterized by the development of the disease and is manifested by polyarthritis or arthralgia, carditis or damage to other organs and systems. During this period, changes in laboratory, biochemical and immunological parameters, mucoid swelling or fibrinoid disorders are observed.

The third period is a period of various clinical manifestations recurrent rheumatism with latent and continuously relapsing forms of the disease.

The diagnosis of rheumatism is based on the Kisel-Jones-Nesterov diagnostic criteria.

The main criteria for rheumatism are:

1) carditis;

2) polyarthritis;

4) subcutaneous nodules;

5) ring-shaped erythema;

6) rheumatic history;

7) proof of diagnosis ex juvantibus.

Additional (general) criteria:

1) increase in body temperature;

2) adynamia;

3) fatigue, weakness, pale skin;

4) vasomotor lability;

5) increased sweating;

6) nosebleeds;

7) abdominal syndrome.

Laboratory criteria:

1) leukocytosis;

2) dysproteinemia;

3) increase in ESR;

4) hyperfibrinogenemia;

5) the appearance of SRB;

6) increasing the level of alpha and gamma globulins;

8) capillary permeability;

9) detection of streptococcal antigen.

Identification of two main or one main and two additional criteria in a patient allows one to make a diagnosis of “rheumatism” with great confidence.

Clinical characteristics of weakness, lethargy, malaise with somatic diseases

Chronic hepatitis

Chronic hepatitis manifests itself in a variety of ways painful sensations in the right hypochondrium, dyspeptic disorders (decreased appetite, nausea, belching, poor fat tolerance, feeling of fullness and pressure, flatulence, unstable stool), general weakness, arthralgia, low-grade fever, bleeding gums, itchy skin, dark urine, light-colored feces; hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, jaundice of the skin and sclera; extrahepatic signs - palmar erythema, gynecomastia, trophic changes in the skin, decreased hair growth, spider veins.

Laboratory tests in the blood show increased activity of AST, ALT, LDH4, LDH5, fructose-1-phosphate aldolase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, aldolase, etc.; increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity, increased levels of beta lipoproteins and cholesterol.

Diagnosis of chronic hepatitis is based on the patient’s complaints, detection of liver changes, data functional tests, puncture biopsy of the liver and instrumental research methods.

Already in the initial stage of chronic renal failure, patients begin to feel weakness, lethargy, malaise, decreased performance, fatigue, and sleep and appetite disturbances. Chronic renal failure is a chronically developed disorder of the body's homeostasis, caused by an irreversible impairment of renal function. Chronic renal failure develops gradually, usually after a period of compensatory polyuria with low relative density of urine. Gradually, aversion to food, nausea, rare vomiting, and sometimes stool instability appear. Appears itchy skin, caused by the secretion of nitrogenous excrements from the kidneys by the sweat glands of the skin. Disorders of the nervous system are expressed in increasing drowsiness, and sometimes in unmotivated agitation. Single but frequently repeated twitching occurs in individual muscle groups, hypercreatininemia reaches 0.88–1.32 mmol/l, serum urea - 33.3–49.9 mmol/l. Depending on the degree of anuria, hyperkalemia increases, causing corresponding symptoms. The final stage of chronic renal failure is characterized by the appearance of severe weakness and a tendency to decrease diuresis. Disorders of the nervous system are increasing. With pronounced arterial hypertension, manifestations of heart failure are layered. Severe anemia and leukocytosis with a neutrophilic shift are observed. Typical fibrinous pericarditis and pleurisy.

The diagnosis is based on anamnestic data on the presence of chronic renal disease, at the initial stage - on moderate azotemia, at later stages - confirmed by a fairly characteristic symptom complex with severe hypercreatininemia, hyperazotemia and disorders of mineral homeostasis.

Amyloidosis

Complaints of increasing weakness, lethargy, malaise, a sharp decline activity can be presented by patients with amyloidosis. Amyloidosis is a systemic disease, which is based on complex metabolic changes that lead to the formation and loss of a special substance in the tissues, which ultimately causes dysfunction of organs. This substance was called amyloid by R. Virchow, because in reaction with iodine it resembled starch.

The etiology of amyloidosis is unknown, although it is usually associated with the presence of chronic inflammation(tuberculosis, syphilis), chronic suppuration (osteomyelitis, pulmonary suppuration). This is the so-called secondary amyloidosis. In addition to it, there is primary amyloidosis (sporadic cases of amyloidosis in the absence of a “causal” disease), from which amyloidosis is isolated in myeloma and Waldenström’s disease, as well as hereditary (familial), senile and local (tumor-like) amyloidosis.

The clinical picture of amyloidosis is varied and depends on the location of amyloid deposits - damage to the kidneys (the most common location), heart, nervous system, intestines, the degree of their prevalence in organs, the duration of the disease, and the presence of associated complications. Kidney damage in amyloidosis is of greatest importance. Patients with amyloidosis may not have any complaints for a long time. Only the appearance of edema, its spread, increased general weakness, decreased activity, the development of renal failure, arterial hypertension, and the addition of complications force these patients to see a doctor. Diarrhea is sometimes noted. In some cases, patient complaints are determined by amyloid damage to the heart (shortness of breath, arrhythmias), nervous system (sensitivity disturbances), and digestive organs (macroglossia, malabsorption syndrome).

The most important symptom of renal amyloidosis is proteinuria, which develops in all its forms. Prolonged loss of protein by the kidneys, as well as a number of other factors, lead to the development of hypoproteinemia and the associated edematous syndrome. A very common sign of severe amyloidosis is hyperlipidemia due to increased levels of cholesterol, beta-lipoproteins, and triglycerides in the blood. The combination of massive proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia and edema, making up the classic nephrotic syndrome, is a characteristic clinical sign of amyloidosis with predominant kidney damage. When examining urine, in addition to protein, casts, erythrocytes, and leukocytes are detected. Bence Jones protein is detected in some patients.

Method reliable diagnosis Currently, amyloidosis is determined by a biopsy of an organ - primarily the kidney, then the rectal mucosa, and less often the gum tissue.

Crohn's disease

The chronic form of Crohn's disease is manifested by weakness, lethargy, malaise, and fatigue. Crohn's disease (regional terminal ileitis) - recurrent disease gastrointestinal tract, characterized by inflammatory and granulomatous-ulcerative lesions of various parts digestive tract.

The etiology of the disease is unknown. Some authors consider Crohn's disease as a late stage of the tuberculosis process with the development of autoimmune reactions. The disease is based on blockage of the lymphatic vessels of the mesentery with the subsequent development of inflammatory edema of the intestinal wall, the formation of granuloma with epithelioid cells without caseation.

There are acute and chronic forms of the disease. The acute form resembles appendicitis: pain suddenly appears in the right iliac region, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Neutrophilic leukocytosis increases in the blood and ESR increases. Unlike appendicitis, there is flatulence, diarrhea, sometimes mixed with blood, and there are no signs of peritoneal irritation. The chronic form is manifested by weakness, malaise, low-grade fever, loss of appetite, weight loss, polyarthralgia, then emaciation, diarrhea, moderate pain and bloating. If the colon is affected, the stool becomes even more frequent and may contain blood. Sometimes a tumor-like formation is felt in the right iliac region or in the central parts of the abdomen.

Crohn's disease is suspected based on symptoms such as diarrhea, low-grade fever, abdominal pain, and polyarthralgia. Diagnosis is facilitated by the presence of fistulas, signs of chronic intestinal obstruction, palpable compaction in the right iliac region, fingers in the form drumsticks. Characteristic X-ray signs are narrowing of the intestinal lumen (“cord symptom”), cellular pattern of the mucous membrane, and fistulas. Colonoscopy and biopsy reveal inflammatory changes and granulomas in the submucosal layer.

Stomach cancer

Weakness, lethargy, malaise can be signs of developing stomach cancer, and often other oncological diseases. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease, accounting for about 40% of all malignant tumors. In the occurrence of stomach cancer, lifestyle factors play a role (long periods poor nutrition, eating very hot food, tea, etc.), genetic predisposition(A-blood type). A number of foods are suspected to have a carcinogenic effect, primarily smoked, fried, meat and fatty foods. They attach importance to nitrosamines formed in the stomach. Their synthesis is inhibited by vitamins C and E.

In the early stages, stomach cancer does not have typical signs. However, in the clinical picture of developing cancer, a certain symptom complex (“small sign syndrome”) can be identified - the appearance of causeless weakness, decreased ability to work, rapid fatigue, decreased or complete loss of appetite, disappearance of the physiological feeling of satisfaction from food taken, a feeling of heaviness, sometimes pain in the epigastric region , occasional nausea, vomiting, progressive weight loss, loss of joy of life, interest in the environment, in work, apathy, alienation. Late stages of stomach cancer manifest as dyspeptic (decreased appetite, complete aversion to food), febrile (low-grade or febrile temperature), anemic ( hypochromic anemia) clinical syndromes. These syndromes are often combined with each other and depend on the location, size, growth rate of the tumor and its metastases.

The diagnosis is based on emerging abdominal pain, which usually increases, dyspeptic symptoms, a decrease in appetite to complete anorexia, increasing weakness, and weight loss. Sometimes the first symptom is stomach bleeding.

Pain and some rigidity are often noted in the epigastric region. abdominal wall. On late stages The pale yellow or yellowish-earthy color of the skin is noteworthy. Occasionally, a stomach tumor, an enlarged, dense, lumpy, painless liver, enlarged lymph nodes in the left supraclavicular region, and ascites are palpated. Anemia, neutrophilia, thrombocytosis, increased ESR are detected; positive reaction to blood content in stool. X-ray signs stomach cancer: filling defect, loss of elasticity and extensibility of the gastric wall, change in the relief of the mucous membrane, loss of peristalsis, breakage of the folds of the gastric mucosa before the filling defect, circular narrowing of the stomach. With the help of fibrogastroscopy it is possible visual inspection of the gastric mucosa, targeted biopsy of its suspicious areas, allowing to determine the nature of the tumor, malignancy of the ulcer or polyp.

Clinical characteristics of weakness, lethargy, malaise with endocrine pathology

Hypothyroidism

Patients with hypothyroidism may complain of weakness, lethargy, malaise, fatigue, and drowsiness. Hypothyroidism is caused by a decrease or complete loss of thyroid function. There are primary and secondary hypothyroidism.

Primary hypothyroidism can be congenital and occurs as a result of aplasia, hypoplasia of the gland and acquired, which appears as a result of surgical interventions on the gland, the development of acute and chronic thyroiditis, strumitis, iodine deficiency in the environment, the use of J131, antithyroid drugs, etc.

Secondary hypothyroidism occurs when the hypothalamic-pituitary region and cerebral cortex are damaged, resulting in decreased production of thyroid hormone-releasing hormone by the hypothalamus and thyroid-stimulating hormone by the pituitary gland.

The disease develops slowly, fatigue, slowness, drowsiness, chilliness, dry skin, flatulence, constipation, hair loss appear and gradually increase, especially in the outer areas of the eyebrows and eyelashes. The face is puffy, swollen, the tongue is swollen, which is why it does not turn well in the mouth, speech is slow, nasal. Swelling spreads to the torso and limbs: the swelling is dense, digital impressions do not remain when pressed. Mucinous fluid may appear in body cavities. Body temperature is low, bradycardia. On the ECG, in addition to bradycardia, there is a decrease in the voltage of all waves, the S - T interval is below the isoelectric line and an extension of the P - Q interval. The development of general atherosclerosis is characteristic. Spontaneous abortions are common. In secondary forms, there may also be neurological symptoms caused by pathological process in the central nervous system. Hypothyroidism in children leads to delays in physical and mental development. A particularly severe degree of retardation is observed in congenital myxedema and myxedema of early childhood.

In hypothyroidism, the uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland, basal metabolism, and the level of iodine bound to protein in the blood are reduced (below 3.5 mcg%). An increase in blood cholesterol levels is typical.

Lethargy, fatigue, and muscle weakness occur in patients with chronic adrenal insufficiency. Chronic adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease, bronze disease, hypocortisolism) is a severe, chronic disease caused by a decrease or loss of function of the cortex of both adrenal glands.

There are primary adrenal insufficiency, which occurs as a result of loss of function of the adrenal cortex, and secondary, caused by a violation functional state system "hypothalamus - pituitary gland - adrenal cortex", i.e., a decrease in ACTH production and a secondary decrease in adrenal function and atrophy of their cortex.

The cause of primary adrenal insufficiency is often tuberculous damage as a result of hematogenous dissemination from other organs (lungs, genitourinary system, bones, etc.). The cause may also be an autoimmune process in the adrenal cortex, amyloidosis, or primary cortical atrophy.

Secondary adrenal insufficiency develops due to a decrease or cessation of ACHT production by the pituitary gland. The clinical picture develops gradually. Severe fatigue, muscle weakness, and darkening of the skin appear due to increased formation and deposition of melanin under the influence of increased production of ACHT by the pituitary gland. The skin takes on a bronze color. Pigmentation is especially pronounced on open and rubbing areas of the skin: face, neck, nipple areolas, extensor surfaces of joints, palmar folds.

Dyspeptic disorders are common: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss. A decrease in the acidity of gastric juice is often observed. Neuropsychic disorders are noted: increased irritability or depression, headaches, insomnia. An X-ray examination of the chest organs reveals a decrease in the size of the heart. The ECG shows signs of hyperkalemia. The exocrine function of the pancreas decreases. All liver functions are impaired, glomerular filtration, sodium and chloride reabsorption are reduced, potassium is retained due to mineralocorticoid deficiency. In the blood - secondary normochromic anemia, ESR is variable, depends on the process in the adrenal glands, leukocytosis, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, low sugar content, high insulin sensitivity. The urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids is reduced.

A severe and dangerous complication of adrenal insufficiency is Addisonian crisis (acute insufficiency of the adrenal cortex), which occurs with insufficiently active treatment of chronic insufficiency and concomitant injuries, infectious diseases, operations, childbirth, abortion, i.e., in any stressful situation. Addisonian crisis can develop slowly, over several days, or acutely, over a few hours. General weakness and weakness increase, and all manifestations of adrenal insufficiency intensify until collapse occurs.

In making a diagnosis, the most important laboratory tests are a decrease in the level of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, 17-ketosteroids in daily urine, a decrease in the level of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in plasma, a decrease in fasting blood sugar and a flattened sugar curve. Normally, the content of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in plasma according to the Porter-Silber method as modified by Yudaev and Pankov is 50–200 μg/l (5.0–20.0 μg/100 ml).

In urine according to the Porter-Silber method, the content of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids ranges from 2.5 to 5.5 mg; 17-ketosteroids for women - 6-13 mg per day and for men - 9-23 mg per day. Outside of a crisis, a general blood test reveals anemia, a relative increase in lymphocytes and eosinophils, and a slow ESR.

Simmonds disease

Adrenal insufficiency in Simmonds' disease is manifested by general weakness, lethargy, and drowsiness. Simmonds' disease (hypothalamic-pituitary cachexia) is manifested by progressive depletion and decrease in all functions of the anterior pituitary gland. With Simmonds' disease, the functions of all tropic hormones of the pituitary gland are lost. The main etiological point is the septic condition and, above all, postpartum sepsis.

Simmonds disease can also be caused by tumors and surgical removal of the pituitary gland. Characterized by extreme exhaustion, manifestations of hypofunction of the adrenal glands, thyroid and gonads.

Adrenal insufficiency is manifested by severe weakness, adynamia, a decrease in blood pressure, blood sugar levels, up to the development of hypoglycemic coma. Decreased thyroid function is characterized by a decrease in basal metabolism, body temperature, dry skin, hair loss, and brittle nails. Decreased function of the gonads leads to disruption of menstruation, atrophy of the mammary glands in women, decreased sexual sensation and atrophy of the genital organs in men and women.

Changes in the gastrointestinal tract are observed: lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain. Damage to the hypothalamus is manifested by insomnia and diabetes insipidus. The course of the disease can be acute or chronic.

Itsenko-Cushing's disease

Patients with Itsenko-Cushing's disease complain of general weakness, lethargy, fatigue, and drowsiness. The disease is based on increased production of adrenocorticotropic hormone in the pituitary gland and overproduction of glucocorticoids and male sex hormones in the adrenal glands. Excessive production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the pituitary gland can occur as a result of damage to the hypothalamus and the stimulating effect of corticotropin-activating factor on the anterior pituitary gland or in the presence of a basophilic pituitary adenoma. Symptoms of Itsenko-Cushing's disease are observed when cancerous tumor in the lungs, pancreas, ovaries, uterus. These tumors produce an ACTH-like substance that increases the function of the adrenal cortex.

Itsenko-Cushing's disease is more often observed in women, mainly between the ages of 20 and 40 years. Patients complain of general weakness, fatigue, headache, drowsiness, thirst, pain in the bones and especially in the spine and legs.

Characteristic appearance sick. There is a redistribution of fat: its deposition in the face, neck, abdomen, torso, and shoulders. The legs and arms become thin, the buttocks are smoothed, stretch marks in the abdomen, inner thighs, shoulders, and mammary glands. The face is round in shape, purple-red in color with a cyanotic tint (matronism). The skin is thin, there are many pustules and boils.

In women, facial hair growth is observed, the menstrual cycle is disrupted, and in men, libido and potency decrease.

The leading symptoms of the disease are arterial hypertension and heart damage (electrolyte steroid cardiopathy). Possible development of steroid diabetes. Changes in the psyche are observed: irritability, euphoria or, conversely, a depressive state appears, and sometimes a reactive state occurs.

The greatest diagnostic significance is the increase in the level of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in the blood and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids in the urine.

X-ray examination of the sella turcica, thoracic and lumbar spine can detect pituitary adenoma and osteoporosis.

Clinical characteristics of weakness, lethargy, malaise with neurasthenia

Patients with neurasthenia may complain of weakness, lethargy, malaise, fatigue, and decreased performance.

Neurasthenia is the most common neurosis, which manifests itself as irritable weakness. Neuroses include psychogenically caused disorders of higher nervous activity, which developed as a result of her overstrain in connection with a difficult life situation. There are four types of neurosis: neurasthenia, hysteria, psychasthenia and obsessive-compulsive neurosis.

Patients with neurasthenia are irritable, quick-tempered, but quickly exhausted. They complain of headaches, sleep disorders (difficulty falling asleep, shallow sleep), decreased performance, increased fatigue, a tendency to conflicts with others, loss of appetite, pain in the heart, palpitations, discomfort in the stomach accompanied by rumbling, constipation or diarrhea, bloating, belching of air, etc.

They often experience vasomotor lability, sweating, disorders of sexual activity (weakness of erection or premature ejaculation), etc. An abundance of various complaints - characteristic feature Neurasthenia. Signs organic damage there are no nervous systems.

Treatment of diseases accompanied by weakness, lethargy, malaise

Treatment of weakness, lethargy, malaise in infectious diseases using traditional methods

Viral hepatitis

Patients with viral hepatitis are subject to hospitalization. The main treatment is general regimen and nutrition. During the entire acute period, strict adherence to bed rest is recommended, which only during the period of convalescence changes to semi-bed rest. IN acute period Table No. 5 (liver) is prescribed, excluding fried, fatty and spicy foods, smoked foods, and strong broths. Boiled meat and fish are recommended, vegetable soups, cottage cheese, oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina porridge, compotes, jelly, honey. Prescribe fluid up to 2–3 liters per day. The use of alkaline substances gives a good effect mineral waters, 5% glucose solution, green tea. For moderate forms of hepatitis, fluids are administered parenterally.

The prescription (for severe forms) of vitamins C and E is pathogenetically justified.

Hepatoprotectors are widely used, i.e. drugs that affect the membrane of the liver cell (membrane stabilizers) - Essentiale and Legalon. For moderate and severe forms, Essentiale is administered intravenously for the first 2 weeks, 5–10 ml in a 5% glucose solution, and at the same time orally in capsules (1–2 capsules 3 times a day). Over the next 2 months, they switch only to oral administration capsules Legalon is administered orally for 2–3 months (3–4 tablets per day). In severe forms, complex therapy includes glucocorticoid hormones.

Typhoparatyphoid diseases

Patients with typhoid paratyphoid diseases are subject to mandatory hospitalization. Are assigned strict bed rest, diet. Of the antibiotics, the most effective was chloramphenicol, which is used 0.5 g 4 times a day until the temperature normalizes, and for another 2-3 days after that. Then the dose of the antibiotic is reduced to 0.5 g 3 times a day - and given for another 7-10 days. If it is impossible to use chloramphenicol orally (frequent vomiting), sodium chloramphenicol succinate is prescribed intramuscularly (2–3 g per day). Ampicillin (2–4 g per day) has been successfully used. To eliminate intoxication, polyglucin, hemodez, 5% glucose solution, albumin, etc. are prescribed. Vitamins are widely used: ascorbic acid, rutin, B 1, B 6. In case of complications of the disease intestinal bleeding Rest, cold on the abdomen, blood transfusions in small doses, Vicasol, aminocaproic acid are indicated; in case of intestinal perforation - surgical intervention.

Brucellosis

Patients with acute forms of brucellosis are prescribed antibiotics (chloramphenicol or tetracycline 2–3 g per day). Course duration is 2–3 weeks. A second course of treatment is carried out after 10–15 days. For chronic forms, the main methods of treatment are vaccine and hormone therapy; local diathermy, Sollux, UHF, paraffin and mud applications, as well as blood and plasma transfusions are widely used. For residual forms, massage is recommended, physiotherapy, Spa treatment.

Tuberculosis

Treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is carried out strictly individually, depending on the nature of the tuberculosis process and the general condition of the patient. The leading treatment method is chemotherapy. Desensitizing agents are also used hormonal drugs and vitamins, tuberculin therapy, hygienic-dietary and sanatorium-resort treatment. When indicated, collapse therapy and surgical treatment are used.

All anti-tuberculosis drugs are divided into 3 groups. Group 1 drugs include isoniazid (tubazid), ftivazid, metazide, saluzide soluble, rifampicin. Treatment of a newly diagnosed patient with tuberculosis begins, as a rule, with three antibacterial drugs(streptomycin + isoniazid + PAS). Streptomycin is administered intramuscularly 1 g once a day for 3–4 months. Subsequently, treatment is continued for up to 12 months with isoniazid orally at 0.6–0.9 g per day in 2–3 divided doses and PAS orally at 9–12 g per day in 2–3 divided doses.

Group 2 drugs (ethionamide, prothionamide, cycloserine, terivalidine, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin, kanamycin, viomycin) are mainly used in the treatment of patients with destructive and chronic forms of tuberculosis.

Group III drugs include PAS and Tibon (thioacetazole), which are characterized by moderate effectiveness. Rifampicin (rifadin, benemycin) and ethambutol (diambutol) have been successfully used. Rifampicin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic, available in capsules of 0.15 and 0.3 g. Daily dose- 0.45 g is taken once, 1 hour before meals. The drug has hepatotoxic side effects and should be prescribed with caution to patients with a history of liver disease. Ethambutol is available in tablets of 0.1–0.2–0.4 g and is administered orally at the rate of 25 mg/kg, but not more than 2 g per day. The drug has side effects on the optic nerve, so while taking it, the patient should consult an ophthalmologist monthly.

Methods are effective intravenous administration some anti-tuberculosis drugs and aerosol therapy with antibacterial drugs under the influence of direct current.

Treatment of patients with tuberculosis must be comprehensive, i.e., simultaneously with anti-tuberculosis drugs, it is necessary to use pathogenetic therapy: some physical methods of treatment, rational nutrition, tuberculin therapy, steroid hormones, ultrasound.

Treatment of weakness, lethargy, malaise due to blood diseases using traditional methods

Leukemia

For acute myeloblastic, lymphoblastic and all other forms of acute leukemia in adults, the VAMP regimen is effective (8-day course: methotrexate - 20 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 and 4, vincristine - 2 mg/m2 daily on the 2nd day of treatment course intravenously, 6-mercaptopurine - 60 mg/m 2 daily from the 1st to the 8th day, prednisolone - 40 mg/m 2 daily from the 1st to the 8th day in tablets). Repeat the course of treatment after a 9-day break. In acute promyelocytic leukemia, rubomycin and prednisolone, cytosar and rubomycin with contrical and heparin (under the control of a hemostasiogram) are combined, stopping DIC syndrome. During the period of remission in these forms of acute leukemia, maintenance therapy is carried out once every 2–3 months according to the regimen that caused the remission. Medical examination of patients - once every 1–2 months.

Treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia

Treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia begins as the process progresses. To normalize the blood count and the number of leukocytes to 7–20 g/l, myelosan is used - 2–6 mg per day, then they switch to maintenance therapy - 2–4 mg of myelosan per week. The blood condition is monitored once every 10–14 days, then once a month. Patients are observed on an outpatient basis once every 1–2 months. Treatment can begin on an outpatient basis.

If myelosan is ineffective, myelobromol is prescribed - 0.25 g 1 time per day, the course is up to 2-6 g. In case of severe splenomegaly, R-irradiation of the spleen (3-7 gHR) is advisable. In the terminal stage, treatment regimens used for acute leukemia are prescribed; VAMP, cytosar and rubomycin, vincristine and prednisolone.

Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

In case of a benign course of the disease, it is necessary to refrain from specific therapy, even if leukocytosis reaches 100–200 × 10 9/l, and the number of lymphocytes reaches 80–95%. Patients are recommended rational mode work and rest, vitamin therapy, dairy-vegetable diet. It is necessary to avoid cooling, insolation, stop smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages. Leukocytosis (more than 150 g/l) without significant lymphoid metaplasia of organs can be corrected by lymphocytapheresis (4-5 sessions of blood exfusion of 400-500 ml with the return of red blood cells and plasma to the patient). Weakness, sweating, rapid enlargement of lymph nodes, spleen and liver, anemia, thrombocytopenia are indications for active cytostatic, radiation, hormonal and component replacement therapy. Cyclophosphamide is used (for tumor forms - up to 7–12 g per course, 200–400 mg intravenously or intramuscularly every other day or daily), chlorbutin (leukeran) - for leukemic variants - 10–15 mg per day, up to 200–300 mg for the course. Degranol is effective (for severe splenomegaly and damage to the abdominal lymph nodes) - 50-100 mg intravenously, up to 10-20 injections per course, fotrin - 7-10 mg intravenously. To reduce autoimmune reactions and cytopenic complications, glucocorticoids are prescribed (prednisolone - 30–60 mg per day). Radiation therapy is indicated for splenomegaly, compression of organs by lymph nodes (up to 3–15 gPR per course, 0.5–1 gPR per day or every other day). In cases of severe hypersplenism, splenectomy is performed.

Treatment of weakness, lethargy, malaise due to rheumatism using traditional methods

The following are used to treat rheumatism:

1) etiopathogenetic, antiallergic therapy: antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (salicylates, pyrazolone derivatives, brufen (ibuprofen), voltaren, indomethacin, mefenamic acid), glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive drugs (quinolines, cytostatics, antilymphocyte globulin);

2) antidystrophic agents;

3) symptomatic remedies with circulatory failure, impaired water-salt metabolism, etc.

Treatment of weakness, lethargy, malaise in somatic diseases using traditional methods

Chronic hepatitis

For chronic hepatitis, the diet should be rich in vitamins, animal fats should be moderately limited and partially replaced vegetable oils, the content of proteins and carbohydrates should be increased. It is advisable to consume cottage cheese, cheese, cod, legumes, low-fat varieties meat and fish, milk and dairy products, oatmeal, sweet varieties of berries and fruits, vegetable and fruit juices and purees, oat and bran decoctions.

Basic therapy includes drugs whose action is aimed at improving metabolic processes, normalizing regeneration and increasing the resistance of hepatocytes. These include vitamins: pyridoxine, thiamine, nicotinic and pantothenic acids 50–100 mg per day, ascorbic acid, vitamin E in capsules containing 0.05–0.1 g of tocopherol acetate, orally or 5%, 10%, 30% solution 1 ml intramuscularly. To medications basic therapy also include Essentiale (5-10 ml intravenously) or Essentiale-Forte (1 capsule 3 times a day orally); legalon (1-2 tablets 3-4 times a day for a long time); Liv-52 (2 tablets 3 times a day for 1–2 months); lipoic acid, which performs coenzyme functions in oxidative decarboxylation and is a detoxifying factor, 0.025 g 3-4 times a day, course - 1-2 months.

When hepatitis is severely active, especially if the involvement of autoimmune mechanisms in its development has been proven, drugs that have an immunosuppressive effect (steroids, imuran, D-penicillamine) are used.

For low-active forms of hepatitis, liver hydrolysates are recommended - sirepar, progepar, ripason 5-10 ml intramuscularly. For itchy skin, cholestyramine is used - 8-12 g per day, antihistamines (suprastin, pipolfen, diazolin 2-3 tablets per day), bilignin 1-2 tablets per day.

Chronic renal failure

In the treatment of chronic renal failure, certain success can be achieved by treating the underlying disease causing chronic renal failure. The diet is aimed at reducing the formation of urea and acidic metabolic products. In the diet, the amount of protein is reduced to 22–25 g, of which 10 g is complete animal protein, preferably egg or curd, and at the same time the caloric content of food is sharply increased (up to 3000 kcal) due to carbohydrates and fats. Food for patients with hypertension is prepared without adding table salt. It is recommended to rinse the stomach daily with 1–1.5 liters of 2% sodium bicarbonate solution on an empty stomach.

Compensation of renal function is possible through program hemodialysis. The most radical are short sessions of 4–5 hours 2–3 times a week. This is only possible if certain dietary restrictions are observed: daily consumption protein in an amount of 0.75–1 g/kg, significant salt restriction, the use of natriuretics for malignant hypertension, as well as dosed administration of sodium, partly in the form of chloride and partly in the form of bicarbonate in the absence of arterial hypertension.

Dialysis involves regular visits by the patient to a special center throughout his life. IN Lately Cadaveric kidney transplantation from an immunocompatible donor is increasingly being used.

Amyloidosis

In the treatment of amyloidosis, it is important to actively treat the disease that led to the development of amyloidosis. Patients are advised to take raw liver for a long time (8–10 months) (100–120 g per day).

In the initial stages of the disease, drugs of the 4-aminoquinoline series are prescribed, for example delagil 0.25 g 1 time per day, for a long time, under control of the number of leukocytes in the blood (leukopenia!) and the refractive media of the eyes (possibility of deposition of drug derivatives).

Unithiol (6–10 ml of a 5% solution daily intramuscularly in repeated courses of 30 days with intervals of 1.5–2 months), dimethyl sulfoxide (5–8 g of the drug per day for many months) are also used.

The volume of symptomatic therapy is determined by the severity of clinical manifestations (diuretics for significant edema, antihypertensive drugs etc.). Treatment of patients in the stage of chronic renal failure is carried out according to the same principles as for renal failure caused by glomerulonephritis.

Crohn's disease

Treatment is mainly conservative: a high-calorie, protein-rich diet with limited dietary fiber, milk and dairy products.

Among medications, sulfasalazine is recommended in combination with glucocorticoids, semisynthetic penicillins for purulent complications, sedatives, anticholinergic and antispasmodics, vitamins. General strengthening and detoxifying therapy is carried out. In case of perforations, stenoses, fistulas and failure conservative treatment perform surgery.

Stomach cancer

The only radical treatment for stomach cancer is surgery, but only early diagnosis and shape determine the success of treatment. At inoperable tumors use 5% 5-fluorouracil - 5 ml in 500 ml of 5% glucose solution intravenously daily or every other day, course dose - 3-5 g; 4% solution of Ftorafur - 10 ml intravenously 1–2 times a day; per course of treatment - 30–40 g.

Assign good nutrition within the limits of diet No. 1 and symptomatic detoxifying therapy, if indicated - drugs.

Treatment of weakness, lethargy, malaise due to endocrine pathology using traditional methods

Hypothyroidism

Treatment is with thyroid medications and hormones. Thyroidin is used in a dose of 0.05–1 g in the morning and afternoon, 3-iodothyronine (liothyronine - Hungary; Tibon - Germany; Tsintamol - USA; tritiron - France) orally at 25-100 mg per day, starting with small doses, under control over the state of the cardiovascular system. The dose of drugs must be individual.

Chronic adrenal insufficiency

For mild forms of the disease, a potassium-poor diet with sufficient protein, fat, carbohydrates, sodium salts, vitamins C and group B is recommended (meat is limited). Peas, beans, nuts, bananas, potatoes, cocoa and other foods rich in potassium are excluded from the diet. Additionally, up to 10 g of table salt per day and up to 0.5–1 g of ascorbic acid are prescribed. In moderate and severe forms, replacement therapy with gluco- and mineralocorticoids is carried out.

Hydrocortisone is used 25-50 mg 2-3 times a day intramuscularly, 0.5% oil solutions of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOXA) - 1-2 ml intramuscularly 1 time a day. Upon reaching compensation, prednisolone is prescribed - 5–15 mg per day, dexamethasone - 1–2 mg/day, increasing the dose of these drugs by 1.5–2 times in stressful situations. In the presence of a tuberculosis process, anti-tuberculosis treatment is carried out simultaneously.

During Addisonian crisis, 2-3 liters of 5% glucose solution in sodium chloride solution are injected intravenously with the addition of 125-250 mg of hydrocortisone or 75-150 mg of prednisolone and up to 50 ml of 5% ascorbic acid solution. To increase blood pressure, add 3-4 ml of norepinephrine or 2-3 ml of mesatone to the dropper. At the same time, 125 mg of hydrocortisone and prednisolone are administered intramuscularly every 4 hours. When the process is compensated, patients are transferred to oral glucocorticoids.

Simmonds disease

Treatment should be pathogenetic, aimed at eliminating the main cause of the disease. Replacement therapy is carried out aimed at eliminating adrenal insufficiency, insufficiency of thyroid function, etc. Prefisone is used 1–2 ml intramuscularly daily, corticotropin 40 units intramuscularly once a day, glucocorticoids in doses that eliminate the symptoms of adrenal insufficiency, thyroidin 0.05 g 2 times a day, thyrocomb 1-2 tablets per day, 3-iodothyronine 25 mcg 2 times a day, gonadotropins, sex hormones.

Itsenko-Cushing's disease

In mild and moderate forms of the disease, X-ray and telegamma therapy is performed on the interstitial pituitary region (2500–3500 rad and 4000–5000 rad, respectively) in repeated courses.

In severe forms of the disease it is indicated surgical treatment- bilateral adrenalectomy followed by administration of adrenal hormones. There are drugs (chloditan, elipten) that block the synthesis of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex.

Treatment of weakness, lethargy, malaise with neurasthenia using traditional methods

When treating a patient with neurasthenia, it is necessary to find out the cause of the neurosis and the possibility of either minimizing its impact or eliminating it altogether.

It is helpful to provide calming, reassuring and encouraging psychotherapy. It is necessary to give recommendations on streamlining the daily routine, normalizing relationships at home and at work, and on employment.

Drug treatment depends on the characteristics of the patient’s complaints and well-being.

For general weakness, lethargy, decreased performance and fatigue, it is useful to take various stimulants of the central nervous system (pantocrine and tinctures of ginseng root, schisandra, leuzea, zamanikha, sterculia or aralin, 15-30 drops per dose).

The drugs are taken twice a day (in the morning and in the afternoon, but not in the evening), on an empty stomach or a few hours after meals. Sidnocarb has a more pronounced stimulating effect (5–10 mg in the morning and afternoon). Positive Action in the general complex of treatment measures for neurotic states provide electrosleep, acupuncture and some physiotherapeutic procedures.

Treatment of weakness, lethargy, malaise in tuberculosis using non-traditional methods

The remedy for consumption by Russian village healers is made up of the following substances: linden honey - 1.2 kg, finely chopped aloe - 1 glass (this is a strong remedy, it should not be given to patients with a weak heart), Provençal oil - 100 g, birch buds - 150 g, linden blossom - 50 g, water - 2 cups. Method for preparing the medicine: melt honey in a saucepan, then add aloe to the honey and boil the mixture well. Separately, brew birch buds and linden blossom in 2 glasses of water, boiling them for 1–2 minutes. Squeeze the juice from birch buds and linden blossoms and pour it into honey. Pour the mixture into two bottles, adding equal amounts of Provençal oil to each. Shake before use. Dose - 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day.

Many Russian doctors traditional medicine Among other remedies against consumption, dog lard was successfully used (bear lard is much better than dog lard, but it is not always possible to obtain it). Kumis was widely used to treat tuberculosis patients. Healers often advised against tuberculosis enhanced nutrition, recommended consuming lard, milk, eggs, lard.

Every person periodically experiences fatigue or weakness, the causes of this unpleasant condition vary. A previous viral disease may persist for another two weeks and cause discomfort. Also, a lack of vitamins, especially at the end of winter and spring, provokes drowsiness and lethargy.

With weakness, other symptoms are often present, such as dizziness, rapid pulse, drowsiness. Sometimes, you feel hot, there is aches, trembling throughout the body and sweating. If these manifestations are caused by overwork, lack of sleep, mental and emotional stress, they will be able to cope with them successfully good dream, relaxation and positive emotions. The causes of systematic weakness in the body cause anxiety and serve as a reason to consult a doctor.

Why does weakness occur?

There are people who lead an active lifestyle; they do not experience feelings of weakness, drowsiness, or apathy during the day. Some are accustomed to this condition, tolerate it and do not know how to deal with weakness. It may be worth reconsidering your daily routine and nutrition. Often, fast food products, overeating, consuming large amounts of fast carbohydrates ( confectionery, mayonnaise, sugar, sweet carbonated drinks), take all the energy and are the reasons that cause weakness in the body. Also, insufficient physical activity provokes congestion in all organs and systems, which causes loss vitality and strength. Alcohol and smoking have an extremely negative effect on the entire human body and can cause a number of diseases and provoke bad feeling. Abuse of diets and too much physical activity lead to an acute lack of vitamins and microelements and cause weakness in the body. Stress, constant negative emotions, insomnia depletes the nervous system and is a driving factor for chronic fatigue. These are conditions when general weakness becomes a person’s companion for a long time.

In the case when weakness in the body is constantly present, and good sleep and rest do not bring relief, you need to consult a doctor and undergo an examination. There are many pathological conditions, as a result of which all signs of loss of strength may appear.

As you can see, there are many reasons for weakness in the body. It is difficult to cope with the symptoms on your own without the help of a doctor. It is extremely important to contact a specialist in time who will help remove and eliminate the tedious manifestations.

Almost all human diseases are accompanied by weakness throughout the body. General malaise in combination with other symptoms is always a sure sign that something is wrong with the body and there will be a struggle to overcome the disease.

Diabetes

It's endocrine chronic illness. The absorption of glucose is impaired due to insufficiency of the hormone insulin. As a result, the blood sugar level increases, which leads to general weakness of the body. Other manifestations also appear, such as:

• A thirst that the patient does not know how to get rid of, it is impossible to quench it.
• Frequent and excessive urination.
• Strong appetite.
• Muscle flaccidity.
• May hurt in the abdominal area.
• Dry skin.
• Frequent thrush in women, in men balanoposthitis (inflammation of the foreskin).

An endocrinologist will help you cope with weakness and other signs of diabetes. Treatment mainly consists of a diet that excludes fast carbohydrates and herbal medicine. Also, the doctor may recommend light physical activity. If, nevertheless, the elevated sugar does not return to normal, medications are added.

Important! In moderate and severe forms of diabetes, it is necessary to get rid of persistent high blood sugar with the help of insulin medications. This is not something to be afraid of. Injectable insulin is a unique tool that makes it possible to avoid severe consequences that may appear as a result of improper treatment of the disease

Hyperthyroidism

This is a chronic disease of the thyroid gland, in which its function increases. An increased amount of hormones are produced that regulate almost all life processes in the body. Manifested by the following symptoms:

• The patient may often feel feverish.
• Sweating increases.
• Constant weakness.
• Hair fragility and loss.
• It often happens that the sudden onset of vigor is abruptly changed by severe fatigue.
• Trembling in limbs.
• Various nervous system disorders. Patients do not understand what to do in stressful situations and have a hard time bearing them.

An endocrinologist treats the thyroid gland. Medications or traditional medicine will help get rid of weakness and other symptoms of the disease. Sometimes you have to resort to surgical intervention. It is very important to recognize the symptoms of the disease in time to avoid complications. Why hyperthyroidism occurred, and for what reason the doctor will figure it out. He will select the appropriate treatment and explain how to cope with the consequences of the disease if they have already appeared in the body.

How to treat weakness with folk remedies

The causes of weakness are very diverse. If you are clearly tired and drowsy after a hard week of work, proper rest and sleep will help. When chronic weakness occurs and no pathologies are observed in the body, they can significantly alleviate the condition herbal remedies rich in vitamins and other valuable nutrients. For example, nettle, linden, St. John's wort and chamomile.

All herbs can be taken as tea. You need to take 1 tablespoon of any of the above herbs, pour 200 milliliters of boiling water. Leave for 30 minutes, strain, bring with boiled water to the original volume. Take 1/3 cup three times a day half an hour before meals.

If weakness is caused by hypovitaminosis, then the situation can be improved with the help of freshly squeezed juices from various fruits and vegetables. Apples and all citrus fruits especially invigorate. In spring, you can get vitamins from dried fruits.

Treatment of weakness caused by emotional stress is aimed at restoring the nervous system. And these are moderate physical activity, water treatments, normal sleep, a balanced daily routine and walks in the fresh air.

Every person periodically experiences fatigue and weakness in the body. The reasons for this condition may be different. It is imperative to identify them. This is because severe weakness can be associated with serious health problems.

Signs of weakness

It may be different. With the development of acute infectious diseases, it “attacks” suddenly. It is sudden weakness that indicates the onset of the disease. As intoxication intensifies, such sensations increase. However, with proper treatment, the person’s condition gradually normalizes.

Weakness that was caused by physical or nervous overload occurs gradually. At first, a person loses interest in work, and then becomes absent-minded and persistently tired. After some more time, the patient develops apathy and loses interest in everything around him, including his personal life.

How else does this condition manifest itself? What are its typical symptoms? Weakness caused by strict diets or poor nutrition manifests itself in the same way as with emotional overstrain. Although in this case a person also has such accompanying symptoms as dizziness, lethargy and pale skin, brittle nails and hair, low blood pressure, etc.

Weakness in the body: causes

Loss of strength may occur when various circumstances. Often this condition is accompanied by a whole complex unfavorable factors, which negatively affect a person’s well-being.

So why does weakness occur in the body? The reasons for this condition may be the following:

• low physical activity;
• too busy schedule;
• constant lack of sleep;
• poor nutrition and, as a result, lack of vitamins in the body;
• unbalanced work and rest schedule;
• strict diets.

If any symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor.

In order for the severe weakness that has developed due to the listed factors to subside, they should be eliminated. In other words, you need to increase your physical activity, get enough sleep, eat right, get more rest, and so on.

Why does weakness in the hands occur?

We talked above about why general weakness occurs in the human body. However, in some cases, this condition is observed only in certain parts of the body. For example, many people complain about constant weakness in hand. According to experts, this symptom is very common in neurological practice.

Let's consider the most common reasons upper limb weaknesses:

• Stroke. In cases of cerebrovascular accident, signs appear quite early. This pathological condition can lead not only to weakness in the arms, but also limit the movement of the limbs, as well as cause dizziness, headaches, and speech.
• Polyneuropathy. This disease is often accompanied by weakness. It grows gradually. Subsequently they join burning pain in the limbs and sensory disturbances.
• Radiculopathy. This disease is characterized by pain in the neck, radiating to the arm. Most often, patients experience a selective decrease in strength, as well as impaired sensitivity in several fingers and an area on the forearm.
• Myasthenia. Weakness in the hands increases in the evening, and also after repeated squeezing of the hand or bending the arm.

• Parkinson's disease. This disease is characterized by clumsiness and slowness of hand movements. This disease is also accompanied by trembling upper limbs.
• In this condition, weakness in the upper extremities can be bilateral or unilateral, intermittent and migratory. There are also many other associated symptoms.

Other reasons

Why else might weakness occur in the body? Causes of loss of strength and discomfort the doctor should identify it in his hands. Very often, such symptoms arise due to psycho-emotional problems, as well as with Guillain-Barré syndrome, cerebral palsy, and syringomyelia.

It should also be noted that the cause of weakness in the arms may not be neurological diseases. For example, in some people it is observed in rheumatic diseases, vascular lesions arteries of the arms, etc.

Muscle problems

Muscle weakness is a fairly common problem. It can accompany completely different diseases. Most often, such a complaint is voiced by a therapist or neurologist.

When talking about muscle weakness, patients mean difficulty moving, fatigue, decreased overall vitality and sensitivity. In adults, this condition is most often observed in the lower extremities.

Experts say that heart failure manifests itself not only in severe shortness of breath, but also in the inability to perform even ordinary physical work. Most patients misinterpret this condition, calling it muscle weakness.

What other diseases can cause muscle weakness?

Such reasons may be:

• Deforming osteoarthritis. This pathology significantly reduces the range of motion of the joints. This helps to reduce the load tolerated, resulting in muscle weakness.
• Metabolic disorders (type 2 diabetes mellitus). This disease is accompanied by damage to peripheral neurons. In this case, a person may experience fatigue, apathy and weakness in the lower extremities.

As a rule, all of the listed causes of muscle weakness appear after a person reaches 40 years of age.

If such a symptom occurs in a baby, then this indicates a pathology of the nervous system. Therefore, in the first minutes of life, the doctor is obliged to assess not only the general condition of the newborn, but also the tone of his muscles.

The decrease is associated with birth injuries and other reasons.

Thus, muscle weakness may develop due to various reasons. This condition occurs with diseases of the nervous tissue (peripheral or central nervous system), with endocrine disorders thyrotoxicosis, hyperparathyroidism) and other diseases (for example, dermatomyositis or polymyositis, muscular dystrophy, mitochondrial myopathy, hysteria, botulism, various poisonings, anemia).

When weakness occurs in the body or in certain parts of it, it is necessary to understand why it occurs. If this phenomenon is related to nutrition or lifestyle in general, then changes are required. You should move more, take vitamin complexes, rest more, etc.

Treatment of weakness

If this condition is accompanied by other unpleasant symptoms, you should consult a doctor. First, you should consult with a therapist, who, after examination, should refer you to a more specialized specialist (for example, a neurologist, cardiologist, traumatologist, etc.).

For treatment, the doctor selects individual scheme therapy. In some cases, patients are prescribed thrombolytics and neuroprotectors, as well as various vitamin complexes. In addition, symptomatic therapy is carried out, massage, physical therapy, physiotherapy, etc. are prescribed.

A timely visit to a doctor if there is weakness in the body will allow you not only to get rid of it unpleasant phenomenon, but also to prevent its growth and development of more serious pathologies.