Food poisoning symptoms and treatment. Types, classification of poisoning. First aid, diet and prevention. How long does various types of poisoning last?

Food poisoning can occur if you consume low-quality foods or liquids in which microbes or toxins have multiplied. After some time, vomiting, nausea and loose stool. The patient's condition depends on the amount of product consumed and its suitability.

Types of food poisoning are divided into: toxic and infectious. In toxic poisoning, infection occurs when chemicals enter the human body. heavy metals, poisonous mushrooms and plants. Infectious poisoning very common, it is caused by various viruses and microbes, infection occurs through food: water, eggs, meat, poorly washed vegetables and fruits, dairy products, preservatives.

Stomach upset can occur even through dirty hands.

At home, it is impossible to determine the exact outbreak of the disease; the patient can only assume why the poisoning occurred. People who are more prone to food poisoning weak immunity and small children, therefore, they take great responsibility to monitor the child’s food and try to give only fresh food, wash vegetables and fruits thoroughly.

Causes of poisoning

Food poisoning can occur:

Occurs frequently food poisoning from confectionery products, especially spoiled cream; dairy products; long-stored salads with mayonnaise or sour cream; canned food homemade; mushrooms; seafood; fruits and vegetables treated with pest control chemicals.

Signs of food poisoning

In case of poisoning, symptoms begin within half an hour and continue to be expressed in an intensified manner in the first two days. The phenomenon is dangerous for others; a group outbreak of the disease may occur in a team or family. If symptoms of poisoning do not go away after 24 hours, you should seek help.

When food poisoning occurs, the following symptoms occur:

the temperature rises sharply;
lethargy and poor appetite;
dizziness, spots before the eyes;
bloating and abdominal pain;
nausea and vomiting;
fever or chills;
low pressure;
frequent loose stools;
V severe cases– coma.

Please note that mild poisoning may not cause diarrhea. But if loose stools appear on the first day, then it’s food poisoning, and if after a few days it’s bacterial. intestinal infection. Typically, such symptoms accompany diseases such as dysentery, cholera, and typhoid fever.

In case of severe poisoning, dehydration occurs, symptoms such as lethargy and weakness, dry mouth, dizziness and loose stools appear, and sometimes the temperature may rise. Do not let the disease take its course; complications may occur due to incorrect assistance. With timely and correct treatment, improvement may occur on the second day; the main thing is to take appropriate measures in a timely manner.

Symptoms of severe poisoning

Staphylococcus is most often present in confectionery products; the infection does not in any way affect the taste and color of the food, but after an hour the following signs of poisoning may occur: nausea, vomiting, headache, loose stools, loss of consciousness. In case of fish poisoning, symptoms occur within half an hour. following symptoms: stomach ache, vomiting reflex, movement disorder, shortness of breath.

In case of poisoning with dairy products, especially in summer period, intoxication occurs within 30 minutes. Its first signs: colic, cramps and pain in the stomach, loose stools.

The most dangerous disease, meat poisoning, if medical assistance is not provided in a timely manner, a person may die. Symptoms: fever, chills, gag reflex, loose stools, breathing problems, tachycardia. May appear heat, in this case it is necessary to give antipyretic drugs.

Mushroom poisoning is the most common and severe; intoxication occurs within 20 minutes to 2 hours. Signs: muscle pain, vomiting, loose stools with blood, worsening breathing, lethargy, decreased blood pressure, delirious state.

Alcohol poisoning occurs immediately and has the following symptoms: vomiting, incoherent speech, weakness, cold sweat, fever or chills, loss of consciousness.

Poisoning food additives are very common, symptoms may appear immediately or after some time - rash, itching, swelling of the face or arms, legs; abdominal pain, diarrhea.

Canned food poisoning has severe consequences and the following symptoms: headache, pain, dryness in oral cavity, thirst, fever, vomiting and loose stools.

When to see a doctor immediately:

Mushroom poisoning;
If after eating, weakness occurs, the temperature rises, speech is impaired, shortness of breath appears, and there is no urine for a long time;
Bloody diarrhea for more than a day;
A child under 3 years of age or an infant has been poisoned;
Signs of poisoning appeared in a pregnant woman;
A person with cancer or HIV has been poisoned;
Symptoms occurred in few adults or children;
Signs of dehydration appeared: dry lips, lack of urine, crying without tears;
The eyes and skin turned yellow;
Swollen joints and rash all over the body.

First aid for intoxication

In case of minor poisoning, help can be provided at home, and in case of strong signs V mandatory should be called ambulance. Special attention In case of intoxication, attention should be paid to pregnant women and young children; you should not self-medicate; it is better to show it to a doctor so as not to cause further harm.

First of all, you need to rinse the stomach, that is, remove toxins and microbes. To do this, you need to give water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate to drink so that repeated vomiting occurs. They also do a cleansing enema. This technique is suitable for an adult, but children should be given water, mineral water without gas, juice can be given after diluting it with some water. To prevent rapid dehydration of the body, you should give rehydron or saline solution.

After a gag reflex, adults are given activated carbon, diluted with water. Drink in small sips to cleanse the body. The dose is calculated as follows: 1 tablet per 10 kilograms. To prevent dehydration, try to drink a lot of boiled water in small sips so as not to provoke vomiting.

If the patient faints or worsens, call an ambulance immediately. Severe poisoning may strike internal organs, such as the liver. The first symptoms are yellowness in the eyes, the presence of blood in the vomit or loose stool. Do not self-medicate, do not take folk remedies, tinctures, tablets, determine accurate diagnosis and appoint correct treatment Only a specialist in this field can do this.

In the hospital, with the help of tests, they will be able to find out the cause of the poisoning: they will examine blood, vomit and loose stools to find the causative agent of the disease. The foods that the patient ate are identified and sent to special authorities for testing. At the first signs of poisoning, you should seek medical help, as serious consequences may occur. What type of intoxication can only be determined by a doctor, based on questions and studying the symptoms of the disease. Such dangerous diseases, like botulism and listeriosis, can lead to the death of the patient. Poisoning from home-canned food can have serious consequences.

Diet after illness

After the patient’s condition improves, it is not recommended to immediately turn to the usual food. You need to start drinking various compotes, weak black tea and water, eating porridge cooked in water, vegetable soups, boiled meat, fish and poultry, crackers. Doctors recommend cooking raisin compote, which contains a lot of potassium, thanks to which the body will recover faster.

Fresh fruits and vegetables should not be consumed at first; it is better to boil them or bake them in the oven. This diet should be followed for a week after recovery, gradually returning to your previous diet. Eat food in moderate amount, in no case overload the weakened stomach in order to restore its microflora.

Prevention of poisoning

You should always wash your hands with soap before eating and when preparing food. Especially in contact with meat and fish products. Don't use raw eggs, fish, meat, cook until done. Use separate cutting boards for meat products. Store dairy products in the refrigerator. Be sure to wash fruits and vegetables in running water before consuming them, and then rinse them boiled water. Eat foods with fresh deadline expiration date and store properly.

Eating poor quality food can cause intestinal discomfort or acute poisoning. Every person who has encountered this unpleasant thing at least once in their life probably knows firsthand about food poisoning, sometimes dangerous condition. Unfortunately, no one is safe from poisoning. Most often, people experience food poisoning after long holidays, when food prepared in advance is stored for a long time and manages to deteriorate. In addition, it is very easy to get poisoned in the summer, when even the freshest food spoils under the influence of heat.

The risk of developing food poisoning increases several times if the terms and rules for storing, processing and preparing food are violated, as well as if sanitary standards, technology and personal care. The most common cause of food poisoning is following products food: poultry, animals, fish, mushrooms, dairy products, baked goods with cream, chicken eggs and other products of plant or animal origin.

Food poisoning is a condition that occurs as a result of eating food that contains harmful bacteria, pathological microorganisms, toxins and other toxic substances. The first signs of poisoning most often appear 1-2 hours after taking a low-quality product or toxic substance. In other cases, symptoms of poisoning are noticeable only a day after penetration of the pathogen. Like any infection, food poisoning can be caused by various microorganisms. The most dangerous are salmonellosis, botulism, food poisoning. All these diseases are dangerous to human life and are caused by different pathogens. It should be noted that food poisoning is divided into 2 main subgroups: acute poisoning and foodborne toxic infection. It is very important to provide timely assistance to the patient and prevent the pathogen from entering the blood, in which case complete intoxication of the body occurs, which further aggravates the patient’s condition.

The primary signs of food poisoning may begin several hours after consuming a low-quality product. In order to be able to recognize the symptoms of poisoning in time and provide assistance to the victim, you need to know the first signs of this insidious disease, which is characterized by:

The duration of food poisoning is three to five days, during which the symptoms should gradually subside. In addition, food poisoning in adults is significantly different from food poisoning child's body. The digestive organs of an adult are more adapted to various products nutrition than the child’s stomach, therefore toxic infection develops more slowly, and the recovery period is much faster than in the younger generation.

How to help a patient with food poisoning

First aid for poisoning is to cleanse the stomach of what caused the intoxication of the body. If poisoning is not accompanied by vomiting, then you need to try to get rid of the contents of the stomach. To do this, you can drink 3-5 cups of water; it also cleans and disinfects well. gastrointestinal tract weak solution of potassium permanganate. You can induce vomiting by pressing on the root of the tongue. If necessary, you can do an enema.

Self-gastric lavage helps protect a person from serious complications, since if the stomach is not washed in a timely manner, toxic toxins penetrate into the blood, after which, along with the blood flow, they spread throughout the entire body, causing severe intoxication.

Sorbents such as Enterosgel, Sorbex, Smecta will help reduce the toxic load, cleanse the intestines of toxins, and stop diarrhea.

Doctors recommend taking Activated Charcoal immediately after poisoning (5-10 tablets with a break of 3 hours). Under no circumstances should you take painkillers or those that neutralize harmful effect toxins, they can worsen the situation. Application antibacterial drugs recommended only in cases where the poisoning is severe, and only after they have been prescribed by a doctor.

To compensate for fluid loss, you should take a saline solution, which is diluted in boiled water: Oralit or Glucosolan. If you don’t have these drugs on hand, you can give mineral water, green tea, chamomile decoction. It is very important to drink as much fluid as possible. If vomiting does not stop, the patient’s condition does not improve, and painful sensations worsen - call a doctor immediately! If a child has become a victim of poisoning, then you should not self-medicate; it is better to immediately seek help from specialists.

After poisoning, the patient is advised to follow a diet for 1-7 days and completely refrain from eating heavy food. You need to drink plenty of fluids, take low-fat liquid food(bouillon, mashed potatoes, fermented milk products, cereals). The right diet nutrition will help quickly cleanse the stomach of toxins and completely restore human health.

Food Poisoning Precautions

No one is safe from food poisoning, but following a few elementary rules, you can reduce the risk of food poisoning. To do this you need:

observe the rules of personal hygiene;
wash your hands before eating and during food preparation;
wash food and kitchen utensils well before eating;
carry out correctly heat treatment meat and fish products;
do not eat foods of questionable quality;
comply with the terms and technology of storage of all food products;
Store food in the refrigerator, each in a separate and closed container.

Please remember that food poisoning is serious and serious condition, which can lead to complications and even death. Therefore, correctly provided first aid will help reduce the risk of complications and speed up the further treatment process.

: If you throw it into boiling water, the frog will realize the danger and jump out of the pot. If you heat the water gradually, the frog will not jump out and will cook. The message is clear: in everyone's life there will always be people who interfere, portend troubles and harm when you are trying to become a better person, but they do it so carefully that you may not notice the danger.

Such people - let's call them "toxic" or people who poison life - can slow down your progress in the most various reasons. They may think that you won't stay in their life if you succeed. Perhaps they feel that their shortcomings will be more visible against your background. Or maybe they just don't accept the possibility of change.

But the root causes matter far less than the immediate impact they have on you. Their anger, resentment, manipulation or cruelty undermines your strength. At any moment, you can find yourself among toxic friends, family, and colleagues who, consciously or unconsciously, hinder your happiness and personal growth. To feel good and happy, it is important to identify similar people in your environment and learn to manage the emotions they evoke in you.

So let’s discuss how to recognize toxic people and how to navigate complex process getting rid of such people. Your future depends on it.

How to know if someone is making your life miserable

There are people who constantly pull you back - annoying, quarrelsome, constantly demanding something, or simply repulsive. But such people cannot be called poisoners in the strict sense of the word. They are just unpleasant individuals. These are the people you want to keep a little distance from, but there is no immediate need to cut them out of your life.

There is a wide variety of people who poison life. On the one hand, there's your old school friend who won't stop talking about how little time you spend together now. With another - ex-girlfriend, which can still manipulate you, leading to attacks. Your friend may just be annoying, but your ex is most likely making your life miserable.

Of course, you will have to decide when to just keep your distance and when to cut the person out of your life. Your sister's patience is probably much greater than that of a colleague, but sisters and colleagues are different.

Now let's talk about the real ill-wishers - those who infect and control your life. Let's list a few classic signs of people who poison life.

They are trying to control you. It may sound strange, but people who cannot control their own lives often seek to control yours. Their toxic influence manifests itself in attempts to control others, both openly and secretly, through sophisticated manipulation.
They don't respect your personal boundaries. If you constantly tell someone not to do a certain thing to you, and they continue to do so, they are probably making your life miserable. Respect for other people's boundaries is natural for a well-mannered adult. And the people who make your life miserable profit by violating boundaries.
They take but give nothing. The ability to take and give is the key. Sometimes you need a helping hand, sometimes your friend needs a helping hand, but you give and take in equal measure. But not with people who poison your life - they will take everything they can from you, and for as long as you have enough.
They are always right. They will always find a way to be right, even when they are not. They extremely rarely admit that they have messed up, made a mistake, or expressed themselves incorrectly.
They are not sincere. This is not about exaggeration, saving face, or other types of white lies. We are talking about clear and repeated dishonest behavior.
They love the role of the victim. People who make your life miserable take pleasure in playing the role of a victim against whom the whole world is opposed. They are looking for a reason to be offended, insulted, ignored, although in fact they do not feel anything like that. They like to make excuses, give seemingly reasonable explanations, or completely deny their guilt in what happened.
They don't take responsibility. Partially appears due to the desire to avoid responsibility. “Things are just the way they are”, “We are not like this, life is like this” - phrases illustrating the attitude of the poisoners to life.

Doesn't remind you of anyone? People who make your life miserable can go unnoticed for years. Until you stop to reflect on your experience with them.

Now let's talk about how to get rid of such people.

Why is it so important to get rid of people who make your life miserable?

It is very rare when ill-wishers completely interfere with all your attempts to change for the better, but it does happen. Basically they slow down your progress.

The main thing is, do you want a person in your life who is actively preventing you from making your life better?

The answer is, of course, no. This may be hard for you to accept, but not until you realize the impact his company is having on you.

Under the influence of a person who is poisoning your life, you may reconsider an important decision. You may be sad, feel uncomfortable, and frankly ashamed of your... You may not even adopt the most best qualities poisoners, for example, begin to envy someone else's happiness. Because all people who poison life have general feature: They want you to become like them.

Most often, we simply do not realize that someone’s behavior is poisoning our lives. If you have such a boss, then you understand how it works: his behavior makes you irritable and embittered, you lash out at your subordinates, then the employees begin to conflict more and more with each other, and then they transfer this irritation to their friends. And before you knew it, the poison had already spread.

How to get rid of people who truly poison your life

Accept that it may be a long goodbye. Cleaning up toxic elements is not always easy. If a person did not respect your personal boundaries before, he will not respect them now. He may come back even after you tell him to go away. You may have to say this several times before he finally leaves for good.
Don't feel like you have to explain anything. Any explanation you give is more likely to yourself. Say how you feel, but in a way that makes it clear that it's not up for discussion. You can do it even simpler: gently and calmly tell the person that you no longer want to see him in your life. How much or how little explanation is needed is up to you. Different relationships require different approaches.
Speak in a public place. It’s not surprising that people who make your life miserable can be confrontational or even cruel. Having a public conversation can greatly reduce the possibility of conflict. And if something goes wrong, you can get up and leave.
Block such people on social networks. Technology is making it harder to distance yourself, so don't leave open window, through which ill-wishers can terrorize or persuade you. You have defined your boundaries. Stick to them. This includes preventive action, for example, limiting contacts on social networks.
Don't argue, just establish new boundaries. It may be tempting to get into arguments and conflicts with people who are making your life miserable, but that's exactly what they want. If they try to come back, avoid the discussion. Set your boundaries firmly and then end the conversation. You are not trying to convince the person to leave you alone. This is not a negotiation. So, as they say, don't feed the troll.
Consider maintaining distance rather than breaking up completely. Remember, we talked about a person who can hardly be called a poison to life, but nevertheless he is unpleasant to you? You don’t need to completely cut people like this out of your life. You just need to keep your distance, dividing your time between communicating with them and your personal affairs.

Doing all of the above is not always necessary. It all depends on the specific situation. Sometimes it’s enough to just make a decision and increase the distance, especially if we’re talking about friends and colleagues, it won’t require serious conversation. Remember that you don't have to explain anything to anyone. You can simply disappear slowly and quietly from a person's life so that you stop feeling its toxic effects. Relationships with such people are like a fire: stop feeding it food, and it will go out by itself.

But there is one scenario when you have to act differently. We are talking about relationships with blood relatives.

What to do if the person who is making your life miserable is a member of your family

There are no simple recipes or standard answers that will suit everyone.

Breaking off a relationship with a relative who is poisoning your life can be the most important break in your life. Family directly influences your thoughts, behavior, and choices. But relatives are not your owners simply by virtue of blood ties. Kinship is not a license to ruin your life. Remember this.

That's why increasing the distance between the person who is poisoning your life and you - The best decision, and it doesn’t matter whether it’s physical or emotional distance.

But in the case of relatives, you will have to make some concessions. You can distance yourself emotionally, but you must realize that you will still have to interact with this person (for example, meet at festive dinners or jointly care for parents). To maintain distance, you will have to learn to separate practical activities from the emotional component - you will agree to take part in this person's life when it is really necessary, but do not allow him to negatively influence you.

It is especially important to make informed decisions regarding family members. So ask yourself: What kind of return are you getting from your family members? How are they going? Can you actually completely cut off all ties with a relative who is poisoning your life? You may answer these questions and decide that you need to end the relationship permanently. Or you can adjust your behavior according to the situation. The main thing is to find time to think about what is happening and possible consequences wrong decision.

Cutting a family member out of your life is not easy. But it may be the most liberating decision you ever make.

What is the most important thing about getting rid of people who are poisoning your life? This is a message to yourself. You tell yourself, “I have value.” You put your happiness above other people's problems. And if one day you realize how some people can destroy your sense of self-worth, it will become more difficult for them to penetrate your life.

Mushroom poisoning is a common occurrence, especially in spring and autumn, at the height of the “quiet hunt”. To avoid disaster, you need to know the signs of poisoning and be able to provide first aid to the victim.

If after eating mushrooms you experience symptoms such as dizziness, lethargy, shortness of breath, severe abdominal pain, vomiting or headache, call an ambulance immediately. You should not endure, hoping that your health will improve on its own. Intoxication increases very quickly, so you don’t need to get behind the wheel yourself to get to the nearest hospital. If it is not possible to call an ambulance, ask a friend to take you to a medical facility.

Before the doctor arrives, the victim needs to rinse his stomach. Doing so better water or weak solution potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate), artificially inducing vomiting. Then the patient should be put to bed and given cold salted water to drink in small sips (one teaspoon of salt per glass of water) - this will help avoid dehydration. You should not take any medications without a doctor's recommendation. Any alcoholic drinks, since alcohol helps the rapid absorption of mushroom poisons.

Do not throw away the remains of the mushroom dish that caused the poisoning. They will be useful to the doctor for research, most accurate diagnosis and proper subsequent treatment.

Reasons acute poisoning are poisonous or conditionally edible mushrooms. Of the poisonous ones, the most common are toadstool, fly agaric and false honey mushrooms. Poisoning with toadstool is especially severe, resulting in death. a large number of affected people. To avoid becoming a victim of mushroom poisoning, you need to collect and eat only those of which you are absolutely sure.

However, there are known cases of poisoning from completely edible mushrooms. This can happen for several reasons: if they are old or have accumulated large amounts of toxic substances during growth or storage. Experienced mushroom pickers never collect mushrooms that are too large or those that grow along roads, near landfills or near fields (there is a possibility of being treated with pesticides).

Despite the attractiveness and good taste qualities Children, pregnant women and nursing mothers, as well as older people and all those who have problems with digestive tract And chronic diseases kidney For gourmets who cannot imagine their menu without mushrooms, in order to avoid poisoning, it is better to replace forest harvests with safe store-bought champignons and oyster mushrooms.

Poisoning is not a pleasant situation. It can occur suddenly for a variety of reasons. There are many known types of intoxication. It often results from consuming foods of poor quality, liquids, and inhaling polluted air. All of the above is a favorable atmosphere for the proliferation of pathogenic microbes. Once inside the body, they can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The condition after eating low-quality food varies. The question arises: how to understand that you have been poisoned?

Food poisoning is divided into infectious, associated with infection of the gastrointestinal tract, and toxic. In the latter option, a toxic substance (for example, mercury), poisons, chemicals penetrates through plants and mushrooms. Both types are equally dangerous and require immediate treatment. Infectious is considered common. Invasion occurs through meat, eggs, preservatives, and insufficiently pure vegetables and fruits. A person can become intoxicated due to unwashed hands before eating.

At home, it is not always possible to clearly record the diagnosis of poisoning and find out its source. There are categories of people who are more prone to developing illness. The list includes people with reduced protective function organism, small children, elderly. It is especially important for parents to monitor their child’s diet.

There are many sources of possible intoxication. The reason can be single or several sources. The presence of intoxication is determined by the following signs:

Using food products that have already passed their expiration date as food. Frozen meat products, seafood, pickles, smoked meats, fermented milk products, and eggs are dangerous.
Taking food with the wrong storage method. Pathogenic flora develops.

Intoxication occurs with products stored near chemicals. Washing powder should not be stored near fruit.
Eating toxic mushrooms and berries. You can even get poisoned from watermelon.
The culprits in situations where a person is poisoned are often baked goods, confectionery products, big amount cream, cream They can also be expired. Stale salad with sour cream and mayonnaise should be immediately discarded.
Vegetables and fruits that have been treated with chemicals should not be used for food. They attract appearance. Rubbed to shine big size Apples should be a good warning.

Signs of poisoning

After the passage of harmful microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, the first symptoms are detected quickly. It takes 30 minutes, and then the discomfort quickly intensifies within a day or two. What is happening is dangerous for the poisoned person and others. It is necessary to take timely measures: the sooner, the better. No need to tighten. It is better to quickly resort to professional medical care.

It is possible to recognize food poisoning and understand its presence by the following signs:

Rapid increase in body temperature.
Lethargic, apathetic state.
Dizziness, the appearance of “black dots” before the eyes.
Pain in the gastrointestinal tract, flatulence.
Constantly, periodically nauseous.

Chills, fever.
Hypotension.
Gastrointestinal disorder.
Coma.

Stand out different degrees poisoning that causes the symptoms listed above. There are nuances that must be taken into account. For example, when diarrhea occurs on the same day, immediately after taking poor quality food. When a symptom appears after several days, it means that bacterial infection intestines. This is how you can distinguish different types intoxication, find out the origin of the source.

When eating a difficult process, dehydration occurs. Accompanied by signs:

Rapid, causeless fatigue.
An unpleasant feeling of dryness in the mouth.
Dizziness.
Diarrhea.
Fever (not always).

If you notice the presence of the first signs, do not ignore them, hoping that “they will go away on their own.” Complications are likely to occur that will negatively affect the functioning of the body and well-being. It should be treated on time.

Symptoms of severe poisoning

If it is difficult to determine that the product is spoiled, you should not eat it; a similar warning applies to confectionery products when it is impossible to determine the presence of infection. Often the staphylococcus found inside causes poisoning. The first signs appear - the urge to vomit, heaviness in the head, indigestion.

Symptoms of fish poisoning are: shortness of breath, nausea.

When eaten fermented milk product of poor quality in summer, symptoms appear within half an hour. Expressed by cramps, stomach pain, diarrhea.

The most dangerous thing that can cause death, infection - intoxication meat products, semi-finished products. Delayed or unprovided assistance can lead to death. The poisoned person develops a fever, chills, vomits, there is a disruption in breathing and heart contractions, and there is an upset bowel movement. The temperature may rise sharply. It is recommended to take antipyretic drugs.

Mushroom poisoning is considered the most dangerous and common. The intoxication period ranges from twenty minutes to a couple of hours. Signs include: nausea, blood in the stool, diarrhea, suffocation, lethargy, drop in blood pressure, weakness, atony. Possible availability delirious state. Mushrooms should be treated with extreme caution. This is the most common provocateur product.

Alcohol poisoning occurs. Here the symptoms appear instantly as loss of consciousness, fever, chills, increased sweating, speech distortion.

Among the leaders in toxicity are also synthetic additives that are part of some products. Here it is possible to manifest allergic reactions in the form of swelling, rashes, skin itching, burning. Accompanying this is intestinal upset.

You should be careful when consuming canned food. Intoxication with them is quite likely. The results of poisoning are extremely severe.

First aid for poisoning

In case of mild food intoxication, support begins at home, with those available medications that are usually present in home medicine cabinet. If it is severe, you should not engage in amateur activities, you need to promptly call a medical ambulance. When it comes to pregnant women, small children, and the elderly, you should only rely on professional help, medical personnel.

The first thing you need in case of poisoning is to lavage the stomach area. This will help remove pathogenic microbes that have entered the body. To carry out the procedure, you should use just water. The use of potassium permanganate for the rinsing solution is approved. The goal is to induce vomiting, repeated a certain number of times. Additionally, a cleansing enema is given. The above first aid method is suitable for an adult. If a child is poisoned, first aid is a little different. Offered mineral water, still. Juices diluted with pure juice are allowed drinking water. To stop dehydration resulting from poisoning, when the vomiting process is completed, it is recommended to drink Regidron and salt solutions.

Recommended for use in adults after vomiting Activated carbon, diluted with water. Use orally with small sips for detoxification. To calculate the dosage, the following ratios are used: 1 table. per 10 kg of weight. To prevent a state of water shortage, it is allowed to drink boiled water in portions small size. This eliminates the gag reflex.

In case of further deterioration of health, call immediately emergency assistance. Intoxication affects the liver, yellowing of the skin is possible.

IN medical institution carry out special analyzes to help identify the source, which contributes to effective treatment, minimizing the symptoms and consequences of poisoning. Having identified real source, consider the problem solved.

Drug poisoning

A common variant of drug poisoning. Medicines help in therapy, but at the same time, if the dosage is exceeded, they can lead to intoxication of the body.

The manifestations are different. Depends on the type of medicine and the amount exceeded. For example, with an increased dose sleeping pills severe deceleration occurs nervous system on a deep level. In this case, it is likely that respiratory paralysis, the result will be death.

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Possible carbon monoxide toxicity. Happens in production conditions for the synthesis of organic matter when there is insufficient ventilation of the room or home due to leakage of lighting gas, due to the furnace dampers being closed too early. With this type of poisoning appears strong pain in the head, heaviness, nausea.

If you stay in a room with toxic air, poisoned carbon monoxide, the situation is getting worse. Shortness of breath appears, loss of consciousness, and convulsions are possible. If measures are not taken, death will occur. It is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the person and take him out into the open from the premises. Getting clean air is the first step to help. If necessary, carry out the procedure artificial respiration. When all else fails, the poisoned person must be sent to hospital.

Poisoning with pesticides

Intoxication chemical poisons– the result of irresponsible failure to comply with instructions on how to handle them. Frequent poisonings include poisoning with phosphorus compounds that enter the body through the air-respiratory channels, products treated with them, methanol, and paint containing poisons.

Signs appear immediately after a quarter of an hour or an hour. They are expressed in excessive secretion saliva, phlegm, sweating, rapid, intermittent, shallow breathing. Then the onset of seizures is possible. In the absence of first aid, muscle paralysis and death occur.

First aid for poisoning with chemical toxins is to call emergency medical help. Carry out a quick gastric lavage and use saline laxatives.

Poisoning with acids and alkalis

When acids penetrate high concentration, alkalis cause a burn of the entire esophagus. After absorption, all organs are affected. In this case, the poisoned person feels pain in the abdomen and vomits blood. Independent initial help for all poisonings, it consists of the prompt elimination of a toxic, poisonous substance in the body.

Diet after illness

After poisoning, no matter what type it is, it is recommended to follow a diet. Start with simple healthy food: water porridge, steamed vegetables, oven-baked fish, chicken broth and other dietary meats. Suitable liquids include compotes, juices, weakly brewed tea, vegetable stew, and chicken broth. Doctors advise preparing raisin compotes. It contains potassium in sufficient quantities. When drinking the drink, the body will recover faster and return to normal.

It is prohibited to use fruits and vegetables raw. The best option: bake, steam. During the week, it is recommended to eat the foods listed above. Return to usual diet should be done gradually, without overloading the body with extra calories.

Prevention

Above we talk about the main existing types intoxication. It is impossible to say which is less likely to have consequences. This is always unfavorable for the body. We must try to exclude all possibilities of its occurrence by following preventive measures.

A simple, familiar procedure is washing your hands before eating. After severe intoxication, a person already develops a reflex: wash your palms before eating, before preparing food. Contacting fish, meat products, be careful. It is forbidden to eat unprocessed fish, meat, eggs. For meat products there is a special cutting board. Fermented milk compositions must be fresh and stored in the refrigerator. Wash vegetables and fruits thoroughly.