Instructions for preparing for an ultrasound examination preparation for an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity. Ultrasound includes an examination. Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity with functional tests

Preparing for ultrasound examination abdominal cavity

(liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen).

Examination of the abdominal cavity is carried out strictly on an empty stomach (with the exception of infants). Fulfillment of this condition is mandatory, because otherwise it is impossible to reliably assess the condition of the gallbladder, fragments of the stomach walls, and part of the organs (pancreas and part of the liver) will be covered with stomach contents. It is necessary not to eat anything, not to drink anything, not to take pills, not to smoke, not to chew gum, not to suck candy. Easier this condition performed in the morning; in some cases, the study can be carried out after a complete 6-hour fast. If the child is sick, he constantly takes medications or follows a special dietary regimen, then parents should inform about this circumstance when registering for the study in order to choose a convenient option for the study. It is also important not to carry out physical procedures before the study; a joint examination of the abdominal cavity and fibrogastroduodenoscopy cannot be performed on the same day.

Preparing for an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity
+ gallbladder functions.

The patient preparation is exactly the same as for an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity, i.e. the child must be hungry (do not eat, do not drink, do not chew gum). Take a choleretic breakfast with you - this is either sour cream 20-25%, or yogurt 8%, at least 100 g, other products are not suitable, if the child is allergic to dairy products, the gastroenterologist will select medicinal analogue choleretic breakfast. You need to go into the office hungry! After measuring the gallbladder, the child eats a choleretic breakfast and is monitored for 30 minutes. During this time, you cannot drink liquids or perform procedures, because... this may affect the contraction of the gallbladder. After 30 minutes, a second measurement of the gallbladder is taken.

Preparing for an ultrasound examination of the kidneys
And urinary tract

This study is one of the most common in pediatric practice, but it must be clearly understood that a full study is possible with a fully filled bladder. This is due to the need for inspection lower sections ureters, which can only be seen if they are full bladder. And also only with a full bladder can you get a real idea of ​​the condition upper sections urinary tract (pelvis, calyces and upper ureters). It is necessary for the child to go to the toilet 1.5-2 hours before the test, empty the bladder, and then drink the required amount of liquid within 5-10 minutes. The liquid can be any (water, juices, tea, compote, but not carbonated or milk). Drink in ideal It’s better through a tube to swallow less air. The amount of liquid you drink is as follows: 1-2 years – as much as you drink, try at least 100 ml. 3-7 years – 1 glass. 8-11 years old – 1.5 glasses 12-18 years old – 2 glasses. If the child is an infant, give him as much to drink as he wants 40 minutes before the examination, then there is hope that by the time of the examination his bladder will be full. There is no need to drink too much and do not urinate before the examination.

Preparation for examination of the pelvic organs.

In order to see the pelvic organs, you need a screen. A full bladder helps with this. Therefore, 1.5-2 hours before the test, empties the bladder, and then drinks at least 800-1000 ml of liquid for girls 14-15 years old, 300 ml for girls 6-10 years old within 5-10 minutes. There is no need to drink too much (when you press the sensor on the abdominal wall, you may experience involuntary urination) and do not urinate before the examination.

Preparing for a brain examination thyroid gland,
hip joint.

No specific preparation is required. The only condition is that the child must lie still. It is better to look at the babies after eating; they are full, happy, and some are sleeping.

Preparation for simultaneous abdominal examination,
pelvic organs.

During a medical examination of children from preparatory groups In kindergartens, several ultrasound examinations are prescribed simultaneously (ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, ultrasound of the thyroid gland, ultrasound of the scrotum for boys, ultrasound of the uterus and ovaries for girls). Since examination of the pelvic organs (uterus and ovaries) requires a full bladder, before the ultrasound the child urinates 1-1.5 hours before the ultrasound and then drinks within 5-10 minutes drinking water(no other liquid is allowed, because the gallbladder will contract). Girls 6-10 years old drink 200-300 ml, girls 12-14 years old - 500 ml, girls 15-18 years old - 800-1000 ml. To examine the abdominal cavity, you cannot eat (tea is also food!).

You must come to all examinations with outpatient card and direction. A diaper is required. Cell phones disable. Take off your shoes and outerwear when entering the office.

Proper preparation for an abdominal ultrasound is an important part of guaranteeing reliable results. Informing the patient about the rules of preparation for an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity is within the competence of the doctor who gave the referral for such a diagnosis.

Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity is performed both for therapeutic diagnostics, and before surgical intervention. This type of ultrasound is completely harmless, even when performed multiple times.

Why do you need to prepare for an ultrasound?

Preparation for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs should include the following activities:

• special diet and diet before the procedure;
• eliminating existing bad habits;
• adjustment of medication regimen;
• cleansing gastrointestinal tract.

A diet before an abdominal ultrasound will allow you to properly prepare for the diagnostic examination. If diagnostics of diseases of the abdominal organs is planned in the near future, then it is recommended to avoid other diagnostic measures, for example, radiography using contrast agent.

Distortion of ultrasound results can be caused by factors such as:

• cramps and contractions of intestinal smooth muscles during the examination;
• gassy intestines;
• abdominal obesity;
• significant skin damage in the abdominal area;
• the presence in the intestine of remains of a contrast agent that was used when performing an X-ray of the abdominal cavity;
• extra physical activity during an ultrasound.

Increased gas formation is often an obstacle to a full diagnosis, since accumulated gases interfere with clear visualization of organs. The fat layer in the abdominal area also interferes with the visualization of organs. In this case, ultra sound waves cannot penetrate deep into the tissues and reflect the organs being examined.

Dietary regimen before the examination

Approximately 3-6 days before the expected day of abdominal examination, you should follow a strict diet. The main task is to exclude and prevent increased gas formation. Therefore, at this time it is forbidden to consume foods that contribute to the formation of gases. The following foods should be temporarily excluded from the diet:

• carbonated drinks;
• milk;
• all legumes, regardless of cooking method;
• raw vegetables;
• fruits that provoke the formation of gas;
• sweets and yeast products;
• cottage cheese and fermented milk products;
• strong drinks containing caffeine;
• black breads;
• fatty varieties fish and meat.

You should not drink alcoholic beverages during the preparation process. It is allowed to eat boiled beef and chicken, preferably brisket and quail meat. Eating fish is allowed baked, boiled or steamed. Allowed to eat boiled eggs, but only 1 piece per day. It is advisable to eat porridge cooked in water, with the exception of rice. Allowed to be included in the diet hard cheese low-fat varieties.

An important part of the diet is the diet; you need to eat often and in small portions. You should not drink while eating. It is recommended to drink no less than 1.5 liters. clean water in a day. This diet should be followed until the evening before the day of the ultrasound.

It is advisable that ultrasound of the digestive organs be performed in the morning and on an empty stomach. If the procedure is planned for the second half of the day, then a light snack is decided; you cannot eat before the procedure.

To solve problems associated with the formation and accumulation of gases in the abdominal cavity, you can take one of the drugs: Espumisan, Smecta, white or activated carbon. If a child is undergoing an ultrasound, then Espumezan and Bobotik are suitable. Activated carbon Children should not drink. Dosages of drugs are indicated in the annotation. If Espumisan is recommended for use before diagnosis for 3 days, then these sorbents can be taken only the night before, this will be enough to relieve symptoms that interfere with ultrasound. If adult patients do not have a history of pancreatitis, then they can take their usual medications that improve digestion.

In order to properly prepare for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs, it is also necessary to carry out bowel cleansing procedures. An enema is used for this; it is given the day before diagnostic examination, In the evening. Take Esmarch's mug and fill it cool water from the tap, approximately 1.5 liters. After a cleansing enema, it is recommended to take sorbents or drugs to eliminate bloating in the abdominal cavity.

If it is not possible to give an enema, then you can use microenemas such as Microlax or Norgalax for these purposes. Instead of a cleansing enema, using an Esmarch mug, you can take laxatives for plant based. In addition, the powdered drug Fortrans will help cleanse the intestines. Before use, it must be dissolved in water and drunk within an hour, preferably taken before 7 pm. It is approved for use only by persons over 14 years of age.

It is necessary to prepare for an ultrasound in compliance with additional recommendations:

• you should not smoke a couple of hours before the examination;
• It is advisable not to eat candy or chewing gum;
• if radiography with a contrast agent was performed, then at least 2 days should pass before the ultrasound examination;
• in the presence of chronic conditions who require taking medications on an ongoing basis, you need to inform your doctor about this ultrasound diagnostics;
• If the kidneys are to be examined, it is advisable to fill the bladder. To do this you need to drink about 0.5 liters. liquids, it is better to drink still water or tea without sugar. The bladder is released only after the examination.

It is necessary to prepare for an abdominal ultrasound in compliance with all prescribed rules and recommendations. If you prepare correctly, you can reliably determine the cause of abdominal pain, assess the condition of the liver and gallbladder, identify kidney diseases, and examine the pancreas. In addition, such an examination will identify life-threatening conditions for the patient, for example, appendicitis in acute form, and timely prescribe additional diagnostics and treatment of appendicitis or other diseases.

Diagnosis of the disease is a complex procedure that uses laboratory, instrumental and hardware methods. In order to accurately determine the problem, it is not always enough for the doctor to examine the patient and collect an anamnesis. In this regard, ultrasound diagnostics has become very widespread. This is a harmless technique that has no contraindications. Preparation for an abdominal ultrasound is necessary to ensure that the results of the study are as complete and accurate as possible.

General information

An accurate diagnosis is already half successful treatment. If the doctor suspects that the patient has any diseases of the abdominal cavity, an ultrasound is most often prescribed. This is due to the fact that multiple pathologies arising in this area have similar symptoms, which are often misleading. Ultrasound is the most informative diagnostics, which allows the doctor to get an objective idea of ​​​​pathologies internal organs patient.

What does it show?

Ultrasound diagnostics allows us to study not only parenchymal organs, but also those in which there is liquid. During the study, you can get an idea of ​​the condition of the pancreas, spleen, gallbladder and ducts, and liver. Along with this, during an ultrasound, the kidneys, which are located in the retroperitoneal space, are examined. It is noteworthy that with the help of such diagnostics it is possible to assess the condition of the stomach and intestines. However, given that these organs contain air, put accurate diagnosis extremely difficult. Preparation for this must be carried out in otherwise the results obtained may be distorted.

Thanks to this diagnosis, the exact dimensions of the internal organs, as well as their location, are established. It is necessary to check for unwanted developmental anomalies and congenital features. Ultrasound can help determine the presence of foci of inflammation, neoplasms and other dangerous changes. By using this study the doctor also evaluates how well it is going postoperative period. The diagnostic method so accurate that it allows you to determine the presence of polyps or stones, the size of which does not exceed two to three millimeters.

Reasons for inaccurate data

Some patients sent to prepare for the study have doubts: is it necessary to do it? Yes, and definitely! In the absence of proper preparation, the results of the study may be distorted. The main problem that makes it difficult to make a correct diagnosis is the overcrowding of the intestines with gases. Its spasticity can also interfere with the study. Finally, it can become an obstacle to ultrasound overweight patient's body. This is because adipose tissue prevents sufficient penetration of the ultrasonic beam.

How is it carried out?

With proper preparation, it provides the opportunity to relatively quickly obtain reliable information required to confirm or exclude a particular diagnosis. A small amount of gel is applied to the abdomen, which facilitates the procedure. When the doctor moves the sensor over the examined area, all data is recorded and displayed on the monitor of specialized equipment.

Usually the person lies on his back. However, to complete the overall picture, the specialist may ask the patient to turn on his side (both right and left). You should also be prepared to commit deep breath or, conversely, hold your breath. Usually for carrying out comprehensive examination it takes no more than 20-30 minutes. It is important to note that during such a diagnosis the patient does not experience absolutely any pain or discomfort, except that the sensor may be a little cool.

Prohibited Products

Preparation for an abdominal ultrasound involves a temporary revision of the diet. Otherwise, the procedure will have to be repeated. If there is a large accumulation of gases in the intestines, then the likelihood of correct visualization of the pathology is noticeably reduced. To prevent this from happening, you need to start following a certain diet a few days (2-3) before the test.

The list of temporarily prohibited products includes the following:

• Legumes (peas, beans, lentils and others).
• Raw fruits and vegetables.
• Rye bread and baked goods.
• Fermented milk products (kefir, fermented baked milk and others).
• Various sweets.

As for drinks, you will have to give up mineral water, juices and lemonades. It is also recommended to abstain completely from alcohol.

Authorized Products

What can you eat in preparation for an abdominal ultrasound? This question concerns all conscious patients who are undergoing this study. In the allowed list:

• Porridge with water (oats, buckwheat, flaxseed, barley and other grains).
• Lean meat (chicken or beef).
• Soft-boiled eggs (no more than 1 per day).
• Lean fish.

All foods should be cooked primarily by steaming or boiling. Also don't forget to drink required amount liquids (from one and a half liters). You need to eat small meals, and the evening meal should be as light as possible.

Colon cleansing

Sometimes, when an abdominal ultrasound is prescribed, preparation for the examination must be thorough. The doctor may prescribe a bowel cleansing for the patient. In order for the research to be as reliable as possible, it must be cleared of its contents. It is advisable to perform an enema on the eve of the ultrasound in the interval from 16 to 18 hours.

To prepare, you can use Esmarch's mug. One or one and a half liters of water is enough. After the procedure, you need to take sorbents. As an alternative, you can use microenemas. However, you should consult your doctor before using any medications.

Special preparations

To prepare a patient for an abdominal ultrasound, the doctor may prescribe various medications. It all depends on individual characteristics human health. Included in the list of recommended medications for everyone age groups includes the following:

• "Infacol".
• "Kuplato".
• "Espumizan".
• "Bobotik."

Before using any of the above medications, you should carefully read the instructions. There should be a clause regarding the use of drugs immediately before an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity - as preparation for the study.

If the patient has individual intolerance, then other medications may be prescribed. On the list alternative drugs:

• "Smecta".
• "Festal".
• « White coal».
• "Mezim."

All these medications affect intestinal motility, helping it to be cleansed in a timely manner.

It is noteworthy that when preparing for an abdominal ultrasound, some drugs cannot be used. This primarily applies to laxatives that contain lactulose. You cannot use medications such as Prelaxan, Normaze or Duphalac. They can cause bloating.

Before the procedure

Preparation for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs involves refusing to eat on the day of the examination. It is necessary to go to see a doctor empty stomach. You should refuse not only food, but also drinking (the only exception is an ultrasound of the bladder), if the doctor recommends it. However, there may be special requirements. For example, in some cases, to conduct a gallbladder study, the doctor may recommend eating a few tablespoons of sour cream or vegetable oil on an empty stomach.

It is worth noting that such examinations are scheduled not only in the morning, but also in the afternoon. If the ultrasound is planned to be performed only after 15:00, then in the morning you can afford small portion light food. However, you should not be self-willed; it is still better to discuss this issue with your doctor.

In children

Young patients are also prescribed an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity. Preparing for research in in this case has its own characteristics. Children under 15 years of age may not comply special diet 3 days before the scheduled procedure.

• Up to a year. You can feed the baby once a day of the procedure. One hour before the test, you should stop giving him water.
• Up to 3 years. You cannot eat 4 hours before the ultrasound. You need to stop drinking liquids about an hour before the procedure.
• Up to 14 years old. You should start abstaining from eating 6-8 hours before the test. You must stop drinking liquids at least an hour before.

When an abdominal ultrasound is scheduled for a child, preparations should be carefully supervised by parents. Deviation from the doctor's recommendations may result in the test having to be repeated.

What else could distort the results?

When preparing for an abdominal ultrasound, you can make unobvious mistakes. So, for example, a patient could follow all the recommendations, but in the morning on the day of the study he began to experience flatulence. In this situation, you should do a cleansing enema, since the diagnosis will be unreliable.

Smoking is strictly prohibited on the day of the ultrasound. This is due to the fact that smoke very often causes incorrect or unclear images. So, just one small cigarette can lead to having to re-prepare for an abdominal ultrasound. The memo is given to the patient for a reason; he must read it carefully.

Before the test, you should not eat candy or chew gum. You should start abstaining from them at least two hours before the procedure. Chewing gum and lollipops have strong influence for digestion.

If it was carried out the day before X-ray examination with a contrast agent, this can also distort the data obtained during ultrasound. You need to inform your doctor about this and wait a few days. Otherwise, the contrast agent may interfere with the ultrasound examination and distort its results.

During preparation for abdominal ultrasound in adults and children, antispasmodics should not be taken. This refers to drugs such as “Papazol”, “Spazmalgon”, “No-shpa”, “Dibazol”, “Papaverine” and others. This may distort the results of the study. If it is not possible to stop taking these drugs according to medical prescriptions, it is necessary to mandatory report this to your doctor.

Absolute indications for

The patient should not refuse an abdominal ultrasound if he has the following: alarming symptoms:

• Frequent pain in the abdominal area.
• Problems after abdominal trauma.
• Bitter taste in mouth.
• Excessive gas formation.
• Heaviness and pain in the right hypochondrium.

Ultrasound diagnostics is also prescribed for people who are preparing for upcoming operations. Patients who have chronic diseases, should do ultrasound regularly, at least once every six months.

Conclusion

The reader already knows how to properly prepare for an abdominal ultrasound. The leaflet given to patients usually contains answers to all questions. In order for the data obtained during the study to be as reliable as possible, it is necessary to strictly follow all the doctor’s recommendations. If you have the results of previous ultrasound diagnostics, you should definitely take them with you. This will help the attending physician track the dynamics of changes.

A correct diagnosis is the key to successful treatment, but the doctor is not always able to identify the disease based on an examination of the patient and the collected medical history, especially when there are suspicions of diseases of the abdominal organs, which have a complex structure and often have similar symptoms when pathologies develop.

IN modern world technologies, no area of ​​medicine can do without informative and high-quality equipment that allows us to identify the slightest violations and diseases within our body. One of the most common and available methods Ultrasound examination (ultrasound) is considered diagnostic, which helps to make the correct diagnosis for many diseases, especially if we're talking about O possible violations in the functioning of the abdominal organs. In order for an ultrasound examination to provide maximum information to the doctor, special preparation for an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity is required, which consists of several stages, which the doctor must inform about on the eve of the examination.

How does ultrasound work?

Ultrasound examination (ultrasound) is a modern non-invasive diagnostic method that is widely prescribed to patients in different areas medicine. Ultrasound examinations use high-frequency sound waves to produce 2D or 3D images of internal organs in real time. The special ultrasound sensor of the device has the ability to record all changes, sending their results to the monitor screen. When ultrasound scanning the abdominal organs, a frequency of ultrasonic waves of at least 2.5-3.5 MHz is used, this makes it possible to accurately determine the size, position, structure, deviations and other characteristics of the abdominal organs.

What organs does an abdominal ultrasound examine?

Using ultrasound, you can examine parenchymal organs, as well as those filled with fluid. Basically, with the help of ultrasound, the ultrasound specialist examines the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, bile ducts. At the same time, with the help of this examination, it is possible to examine the kidneys, which are located in the retroperitoneal space, but are clearly visible along with other organs. The intestines and stomach can also be examined using ultrasound, but given that there is air in these organs, it is difficult to examine them, and the results obtained may be distorted and not true. Therefore, to examine the stomach and intestines, it is better to undergo a colonoscopy.

When should you do an abdominal ultrasound?

Modern ultrasound examination is carried out using the latest equipment, which makes it possible to accurately identify the slightest pathological processes in the abdominal cavity. The great advantage of this study is its low cost, as well as accessibility and high information content. In addition, an undeniable advantage of ultrasound diagnostics is the absence of contraindications. Both pregnant women and children can undergo this examination. early age, as many times as the doctor requires for staging correct diagnosis or to monitor the progress of the disease. You can undergo an abdominal ultrasound with the direction of your attending physician or independently if you have the following symptoms:

• bitterness in the mouth;
• periodic or constant heaviness in the stomach;
• vomiting, nausea;
• slight increase in body temperature;
• pain in the abdomen, lower back, under the chest and hypochondrium;
• increased gas formation;
• frequent urination, burning, pain during urination;
• suspicion of oncological, infectious, inflammatory diseases.

If a person has a history of chronic diseases of the abdominal organs, then it is recommended to undergo an ultrasound scan at least once every 6 months. As a preventative measure, this examination should be completed once a year. The results of an abdominal ultrasound allow the doctor to draw up full picture diseases, determine the degree of damage to the diseased organ, identify functional or pathological processes in the abdominal cavity.

Ultrasound examination can detect the following diseases or disorders:

• gallstones;
• changes in the structure of the liver: fatty degeneration liver, hepatitis of various etiologies, cirrhosis or others pathological neoplasms benign or malignant origin;
• enlargement or change in abdominal lymph nodes, which often respond to pathogenic bacteria or viruses;
• thickening of the walls of the gallbladder;
• disturbances in the structure of the abdominal organs that occurred as a result of mechanical damage;
• inflammation of the pancreas: pancreatitis;
• enlarged spleen.

In addition to the above pathologies, ultrasound can identify other disorders and diseases of the abdominal organs. In order for the examination results to be reliable, and for the doctor to be able to properly assess the condition of the internal organs, a person needs proper preparation for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs, which consists of simple but very important recommendations.

How to prepare for an abdominal ultrasound?

As mentioned above, ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity has no contraindications, and the high efficiency of the examination allows us to identify the slightest disturbances in the functioning of the internal organs of the peritoneum. However, as with any medical procedure preparation for ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity is required. The doctor should tell you how to properly prepare for this procedure, but many patients are interested in the question of whether it is possible to drink water before an ultrasound or whether it is possible to eat before an ultrasound of the abdominal organs?

Before undergoing an ultrasound, you need to stop eating and drinking water 4-5 hours. The only exception is that if the doctor needs to examine the kidneys or bladder, then you need to drink at least 1 liter of water before the procedure. Also, if the patient has had his gallbladder removed, then drinking water is not prohibited. Equally important in preparing for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs is the condition of the intestines, which should be empty; this will help the doctor more accurately assess the condition of the internal organs. Therefore, the patient may often be prescribed an enema or bowel cleansing with special medications. Before the study, it is prohibited to consume any alcoholic drinks, and you should also stop smoking. If a person does not adhere proper preparation to ultrasound, this may negatively affect the quality of the study.

An ultrasound of the abdominal organs is performed in the supine position. For more accurate examination The doctor may ask you to turn on your right or left side, take a deep breath and hold your breath. The doctor applies a small amount of contrast agent to the abdominal area and begins to move the sensor. In this way, the internal organs are scanned, and the results of the examination are recorded on the monitor screen.

Many modern clinics They perform ultrasound in 3D or 4D images, which allows you to obtain more accurate and high-quality examination results. After the ultrasound procedure, the doctor makes a conclusion (deciphering) this survey, which is handed over to the attending physician.

Diet before abdominal ultrasound

An important step in preparing for an abdominal ultrasound is nutrition, which can affect the results of the examination. So, on the eve of an ultrasound diagnosis, a person needs to exclude the following foods from his diet for 2-3 days:

• black bread;
• milk;
• carbonated drinks;
• raw vegetables, fruits, and juices;
• confectionery;
• fried, fatty, spicy foods;
• fatty meats;
• alcohol.

Following a diet will reduce the amount of gases formed in the intestines, thereby allowing the doctor to thoroughly examine the internal organs of the abdomen. It is recommended to consume the following products:

• boiled, baked or steamed beef, chicken or fish meat;
• no more than 1 hard-boiled chicken egg;
• porridge with water: pearl barley, buckwheat, oatmeal;
• hard cheeses;
• light and non-greasy soups.

Meals should be fractional, every 3 hours. You can use weak and non-strong drinks as drinks. sweet tea or still water. However, before performing an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, you need to refuse food for 3 to 5 hours. If there is a need or a person is sick diabetes mellitus, then you can drink not too sweet tea or eat 1 lollipop. If the study is scheduled for the afternoon, then a light breakfast is recommended.

It is important to note that if preparation is being made for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs and kidneys, then it should be done in the morning and only on an empty stomach.

Colon cleansing before abdominal ultrasound

To obtain reliable ultrasound results, doctors often recommend bowel cleansing on the eve of the procedure. This procedure can be carried out using an enema, but in Lately most people prefer alternative way colon cleansing - taking laxatives medicines: “Senade”, “Senadexin” or the drug “Fortrans”, which should be taken depending on body weight. 1 tablet or one sachet of laxative is designed for 20 kg of human body weight. As a laxative, you can also take drugs such as: “Normaze”, “Dufalak”, “Prelaxan”. Before using any laxative, you should read the instructions for use or consult your doctor.

Factors that distort abdominal ultrasound

In order for preparation for an abdominal ultrasound to be successful and not affect the results of the examination, a person must strictly adhere to the above recommendations. If all the recommendations were followed correctly, but the doctor has suspicions that the results are not entirely reliable, you may not have taken into account some points that may lead to distortion of the diagnostic results:

1. Smoking is prohibited 2 hours before the ultrasound examination.
2. You should not chew lollipops or gum 2 hours before the procedure.
3. If an X-ray examination was carried out the day before, you need to inform the doctor and wait 2-3 days, and only then do an ultrasound examination of the abdominal area.
4. There is no need to take antispasmodics on the eve of the procedure: “No-shpa”, “Spazmalgon”, “Papaverine”, “Dibazol”, “Papazol”. If there is a need to take them, be sure to inform your doctor.
5. If there is a desire or need to examine the kidneys, then the bladder should be full.
6. Obesity makes diagnosis difficult.

Failure to comply with the above points may lead to distorted results. Therefore, if you want to get accurate results diagnostics and not to undergo the examination procedure again, you must be properly prepared for the procedure, and if questions arise, you must ask the doctor who will give useful recommendations and will help you prepare for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs.

Ultrasound examination is a harmless, patient-friendly diagnosis of the abdominal organs. Internal organs are monitored using ultrasound diagnostics for adults, children, and girls expecting a child. Specific research results require careful preparation. What it consists of depends on the organ being studied.

Ultrasound is new, reliable method research. The procedure is recommended for preventive examination, suspected pathology. The technique allows you to determine diseases of the stomach, identify pathologies of the pancreas, spleen, abdominal region, duodenum, liver, kidneys, view the entire body.

Ultrasound examination is indicated in the following cases:

• Suspicion of changes in organs detected by palpation;
• Abdominal injuries;
• Regular nausea, flatulence;
• Suspicion of tumors;
• Routine examination of organs;
• Preparation before surgery.

If the attending physician has prescribed an examination of the abdominal organs using ultrasound scanning, comprehensive measures to prepare for the procedure are required. Before an ultrasound, you need to properly prepare for an authentic result. The doctor won't see the reason feeling unwell a patient with large accumulations of gases in the intestines due to the inability of the rays to overcome unnecessary barriers. Most organs abdominal space are examined on an empty stomach.

Preparation should begin 3-4 days before the examination. At the first stage, it is necessary to properly organize a diet, create a diet for yourself sample menu, spend , collect Required documents. It is necessary to inform the doctor about diseases consumed medicines. Chronic pathologies change the preparation algorithm. This concludes the preparation for the abdominal examination.

Nutrition before ultrasound

In adults, preparation takes place in combination with a strict diet and mechanical or medicinal therapy. The patient must adjust his diet 3-4 days before the ultrasound. Important point– reduction of gases in the digestive organs.

It is better to eat food frequently small quantities. Food should not be washed down. Do not use strong tea or clean warm water Needed after finishing a meal. The recommended volume of fluid per day is 1.5 liters.

It is allowed to eat grain porridges: buckwheat, oatmeal with water. Flaxseed porridge is allowed. Lean poultry and veal are recommended. Fish with no more than 4% fat content can be safely consumed. Allowed to eat egg hard-boiled Soups with broth from lean meat with the addition of cereals can be eaten as a first course. Compotes are allowed natural juices low concentration.

In the evening before the ultrasound, meats are excluded, fish products. If the study is carried out in the morning, you cannot have breakfast. Taking the examination in the afternoon or when scheduled for the evening allows for a light breakfast.

Espumisan, Smecta, Activated carbon will help cope with gas formation in an adult patient after eating. Bobotik will help the children.

Restrictions are placed on popular products, but alternative options there is a lot of diet.

Doctors advise not to eat pork and fatty meats, which take a long time to digest due to excess fat. Bakery products and baked goods made with yeast should be excluded from the diet. Vegetables, fruits in unprocessed form - gas-forming products, doctors advise not to eat them.

Drinks that are contraindicated include alcohol, coffee, strong tea, and carbonated water. It is not recommended to drink whole milk; it can cause fermentation in the stomach. Before the procedure, the consumption of sausages and sausage products, pates is prohibited. All types of nuts and mushrooms are prohibited.

Nutrition for children before the procedure

Preparing for an ultrasound in a child is different than in an adult. Newborns and children up to one year old can skip feeding approximately 3 hours before the study. Limit fluid intake one hour before the ultrasound.

Child from one year to three years It is necessary to take the last meal 4-5 hours before, liquids - an hour before. Children over three years old must take an eight-hour break from eating before the examination.

Purgation

Colon cleansing – the most important stage preparation for the procedure. It is carried out the day before the diagnosis. An enema filled with one and a half liters of cool, unboiled water is used. When mechanical cleansing of the intestines is completed, you need to use sorbents.

When preparing, instead of an enema, it is permissible to do a microenema - Microlax. Drug based natural ingredients will be a good alternative the usual way bowel cleansing. Effective in 5-15 minutes. You can do a microenema an hour or two before the test.

What to take with you

You should not go for diagnostics empty-handed - collect the necessary package of documents. Take a stamped referral for research medical institution, signed by the doctor. In the case of a paid examination - an agreement with the medical center, a receipt for payment. A passport may be required. Be sure to bring a medical insurance card.

It is better to provide the doctor with the results of the previous study and the results of tests that will need to be taken in advance. Additional Information will help the doctor pay close attention to important points.

In some medical centers Disposable diapers and shoe covers are not provided, so take your own.

Preparatory activities aimed at examining the abdominal organs

Most doctors carry out comprehensive inspection abdominal organs. Sometimes special attention should be paid to a specific organ, since the disease can worsen the patient’s well-being. In this case, the preparatory activities are different.

Ultrasound of the bladder and kidneys

A bladder examination can reveal various pathologies organs that worsen the patient’s quality of life.

You need to carefully prepare for an organ examination. The authenticity of the result depends on this process. By the beginning of the procedure, the bladder is filled, which helps determine its shape, contours and wall thickness.

To fill the organ, you need to drink 1.5 liters of liquid in the form of tea, compote, or clean water 2 hours before the examination. In this case, you should not empty your bladder.

If the patient experiences painful sensations in the lower back, this may indicate complications in the kidneys. If a kidney pathology is suspected, the doctor calls Special attention during a study on specified body patient.

The examination of the adrenal glands and kidneys is carried out on an empty stomach and in an empty intestine. The absence of problems with stool allows you to avoid additional stimulation, and morning bowel movements are sufficient. For constipation, it is better to use a laxative.

Ultrasound of the pancreas

When diagnosing the pancreas, the size and contours of the organ are assessed, benign, malignant formations. You need to carefully prepare for the examination of the pancreas.

Three days before the study, the patient must refuse food with high content squirrel. A protein-free diet includes eating bran, vegetarian soups, vegetables, fruits, and berries. Alcohol should not be consumed during the preparatory period.

On the day of the procedure, laxatives are taken on an empty stomach. Smoking is prohibited before the examination. People with regular gas formation need to take activated charcoal.

Ultrasound of the liver

Ultrasound method for examining the liver facilitates visualization pathological processes in the organ on early stage. The final result depends on the preparation for the examination of the organ.

You can prepare for a liver ultrasound by following the recommendations for diagnosing the abdominal organs.

For people with overweight– cleansing the body with an enema or taking laxatives. Cleaning with sorbent is acceptable.

Preparation for diagnosis of the uterus and appendages

In women, when examining the abdominal organs, the uterus and appendages are visible. A woman needs to prepare for this type of diagnosis in advance. As in other cases, the usual rules of nutrition should be adjusted and aimed at cleansing the body. The examination itself is done on an empty stomach. Before an ultrasound of the uterus, it is necessary to fill the bladder for better visualization of the organs, drinking a liter of liquid an hour before the procedure, or not emptying the bladder for 2-3 hours.

Disadvantages of the method

Ultrasound reveals many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary system. However, the diagnosis is not perfect. Separate serious pathologies are discovered by alternative, more informative methods of research. Ultrasound requires preparation in advance, otherwise a number of factors may distort ultrasound data. Distorts the readings:

• Abdominal obesity;
• Energetic movements of the patient during diagnosis;
• Bloating;
• Damage skin in the peritoneal area.

It is recommended to eat properly on the eve of an ultrasound, monitoring the quantity and quality of food consumed. In this case, the research results will be reliable. The attending physician will tell you about the nuances during the diagnosis. The doctor will give detailed recommendations about how to properly prepare for the procedure and what medications and pills you need to take.

Ultrasound examination is a safe and comfortable diagnostic method for the patient. The examination must be carried out at least once a year in for preventive purposes. The procedure can be completed in private research centers and in the clinic to which the patient is assigned. The proper level of training will ensure reliable result, will allow you to make an accurate diagnosis.