How to treat a runny nose in a child: everything you need to know. How to treat a runny nose in a child and what types of nasal drops are there? Drink plenty of fluids and eat well

The runny nose will disappear in a matter of days. Try this remedy...

Children are most susceptible to various colds and allergies. If a baby develops a symptom such as a runny nose, caring parents always consult a doctor. This is very important, since not all medications and folk remedies are suitable for a five-year-old child. There are several ways to treat a runny nose, which we will talk about in the article.

What kind of runny nose can a 5 year old child have?

Your baby may develop different types of rhinitis. The choice of therapy will depend on the cause of inflammation. The following types of rhinitis are distinguished:

• allergic;
• infectious;
• vasomotor.

To choose a remedy for snot in a child, it is necessary to conduct a thorough diagnosis. Runny nose allergic nature occurs simultaneously with symptoms such as sneezing and difficulty breathing, as well as glassy nasal discharge. Allergic reactions in a baby may be accompanied by other symptoms. For example, skin rashes, increased lacrimation, cough, etc.

Development infectious rhinitis in a child, it is triggered by the entry of pathogenic microflora into the nasal mucosa, causing inflammation. Viruses, fungi and bacteria cause the accumulation of copious mucus from the nose. The body thus tries to suppress pathogenic microflora and bring it out.

Infectious inflammation of the nasal cavity in a 5-year-old child develops in three stages:

• first, the baby begins to feel a feeling of itching and tingling in the nose, and drying of the mucous membrane is also observed;
• in the second stage, abundant mucous discharge appears;
• the last stage is characterized by more thick discharge, reducing their number and the child’s recovery.

Nasal congestion in a child does not last long, on average about seven days. As a rule, this type of rhinitis is considered one of the symptoms of ARVI, flu, colds and infections.

Vasomotor rhinitis occurs as a result negative influence factors on the nasal mucosa. There may be smoke, strong odors, stress, etc. Most often, this type of runny nose develops in children, if there is accompanying pathologies, for example, curvature of the nasal septum and adenoids.

To achieve the maximum positive results in treatment, surgical methods are often used. These are far from the only types of runny nose that a baby can experience, so it is important to determine what triggered the appearance of mucous discharge. This will help you choose the right effective medications and quickly cure the disease.

What should you do when your 5-year-old child has a runny nose?

Many parents are interested in how to quickly cure a runny nose in a child? The main condition is to visit the doctor on time. The structure of a child's nasal cavity is different from that of an adult. In children it is not fully developed and is in the process of formation. This fact should be taken into account when choosing a method of therapy and medications.
If your baby has a runny nose, you will need to perform first aid before visiting the doctor. It consists of the following actions:

1. Free the nasal cavity from accumulation of mucus. Usually children of five years old already know how to blow their nose, so there will not be any special problems with this.
2. Put some drops in your nose. To ensure normal breathing, drops for children need to be placed into the nasal passages.
3. Correct position before bed. It is necessary to place the child so that the head and upper body are at an angle of 45 degrees, which will allow the child to breathe normally.
4. Drinking enough. It is necessary to give your baby warm cranberry or currant fruit drinks to drink. They contain a lot of vitamin C, which helps to cope with the disease faster. Warm teas are also needed.
5. Special food. During illness, you will need to exclude meat and fatty foods. The body will need a lot of energy to digest them, which is needed to fight the disease.
6. Fresh air. It is necessary to regularly ventilate the room. You will also need to create optimal air humidity, within 70%.

As soon as possible, you need to visit a specialist who will prescribe treatment for a runny nose and prescribe appropriate medications.

How to treat children's allergic rhinitis?

Parents are concerned about the question of how to treat snot in their baby? If the diagnostic results show that rhinitis is allergic in nature, it is necessary to identify the allergen and eliminate it. Next, antihistamines or nasal drops are prescribed, which have a vasodilating effect.

Can act as an allergen various substances, which are very important to identify, since without excluding the allergen, therapy will be ineffective. Allergic rhinitis is different from other types. As a rule, the baby develops not only abundant clear mucus, but also symptoms such as sneezing, itching in the nose, increased lacrimation and swelling of the eyelids.

Antihistamines can be used both externally and internally. It is very important that they are prescribed by a doctor, since most of these drugs have adverse reactions and are not suitable for children under 5 years of age.

Vasodilator drops for children are considered safer and provide a quick effect. Such drugs can relieve nasal congestion in a child and make breathing easier. But they have a certain list of contraindications, so therapy is limited to 7 days. This is due to the fact that vasodilation occurs not only in the nasal cavity, but throughout the body.

Drugs are very popular now combined action. Among them, Rinofluimucil is especially popular. This remedy for the runny nose for children provides a vasodilating effect and also thins the mucus, which allows it to come out better.

A remedy such as Betadrin has an antihistamine, antibacterial and vasodilator effect. Drugs such as Nazol and Vibrocil are also often prescribed. Drops are instilled 1-2 drops into each nasal passage, no more than 5 times a day. They are used for about 5 days.

As for drugs that are taken orally, the most effective are:

• Erolyn;
• Zyrtec;
• Claritin;
• Parlazin;
• Cetirizine;
• Eslotin.

Basically, these medications are produced in the form of syrups and drops. It is also very important to strengthen the child’s immunity, since the disease develops very often, which is associated with low ability child's body fight germs and viruses. Only the right therapy, which should be prescribed by a doctor, can quickly cure a runny nose.

How to treat infectious rhinitis in a 5-year-old child?

A runny nose of an infectious nature, most often caused by different types viruses. In order to eliminate it, it is necessary to suppress the activity of pathogenic microflora and remove the symptoms caused by it. If a child has a slight secretion of mucus, it is recommended to avoid using drops and sprays. This is due to the fact that mucus is the body’s protective function against pathogens and prevents them from penetrating deeper.

When the first symptoms of a cold or flu appear, the child is prescribed antiviral drugs, for example, Ergoferon and Arbidol. In order to avoid drying out of the nasal mucous membranes, the baby may be prescribed medications such as Pinasol and Ectericide. Eh, they instill it 3-4 times a day. You can also rinse your nose with Aquamaris.

As for the treatment of one-year-old babies, it is selected for them separate treatment, since most drugs are approved by the age of three. Nasal sprays such as Isofra and Protargol have an antimicrobial effect and can effectively treat snot in a child. Nazol drops, which contain eucalyptus, are also often used. If rhinitis does not go away for a long time, drops are needed that provide antimicrobial and antiseptic effects. These include Miramistin. You can also do inhalations with a solution of this drug in a nebulizer.

In order to alleviate the condition of the nasal mucous membranes, you can rinse with solutions containing soda or sea ​​salt. The selection of funds should be carried out by a doctor, taking into account the baby’s condition and the complexity of the disease.

Use of inhalations

In addition to using different drugs, sprays and drops, the doctor may prescribe inhalation and rinsing. These procedures can improve the condition of the nasal mucous membranes and reduce the activity of microbes.

Inhalations are considered very useful and help fight inflammation in the respiratory tract. After the child has completed the procedure, you cannot take him outside. The temperature of the water in the inhalation device should not be higher than 40 degrees.

Most often, doctors prescribe a procedure with the following means:

1. Pine buds. You will need to take 3 tbsp. l. pine buds and fill them with 1.5 liters of hot water. When they brew and swell, you can inhale.
2. Eucalyptus. Pour a liter of water into 2 tbsp. l. eucalyptus leaves and boil them for 10 minutes. You can also use the essential oil of this tree. 5 drops per liter of water is enough.
3. Blackberry and coltsfoot. An infusion of plants is made separately. You need to take 2 tsp. coltsfoot leaves and pour 250 ml of boiling water, then leave for 5 minutes. The same is done with blackberry leaves, you just need to take 3 tsp. vegetable raw materials. The resulting infusions are mixed and used for inhalation.
4. Raspberry and calendula. Decoctions are prepared separately. For a glass of boiling water you will need 3 tsp. raspberry leaves and separately 1.5 tsp. calendula flowers. After the infusions have steeped, mix and use for the procedure.

Inhalations with these herbal components are considered very effective in the treatment of rhinitis in children five years of age and older. In any case, it is recommended to consult a pediatrician who will select the most suitable remedy.

Application of rinses

Caring parents are wondering how to treat a runny nose in a 5-year-old child? Also, very often, rinsing is used to eliminate such unpleasant symptoms in children as nasal congestion. This procedure can be performed not only in the presence of illness, but also for preventive purposes.

Most often, sea water or infusions of herbal ingredients such as St. John's wort, chamomile, calendula, and sage are used for rinsing. In order for the baby not to be afraid of such a procedure, you need to tell him that it is very useful. Rinsing is performed using a syringe or bulb and allows you to clean the nasal mucosa, which improves the effect of medications.

You need to perform the procedure correctly and avoid getting a strong jet into your nose. The fluid pressure should be moderate. The baby needs to lean slightly towards the sink and open his mouth so that the liquid flows out. One nostril is closed, and the solution is injected into the second, then a similar action is carried out for the other nostril.

Before curing a runny nose with rinsing, you need to familiarize yourself with the following rules:

1. The solution should be warm.
2. It is better to add an infusion of medicinal herbs to sea water, but first make sure that the baby is not allergic to them.
3. The child should not feel discomfort. If he is capricious and crying, it is better to perform the procedure later.
4. The angle of inclination of the baby's head when rinsing the nose should be within 45 degrees. Under such conditions, the solution is administered unhindered.
5. The liquid pressure should not be strong, because... bacteria, along with mucus, can enter the ears.

Rinsing is very helpful in coping with the inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa and removing mucus. They are often included as part of complex therapy. Before carrying them out, it is better to consult a pediatrician who will select effective remedy for nasal rinsing.

What folk remedies can be used?

You can treat rhinitis in a child using folk remedies, but first consult with your doctor. The most effective of them include:

1. Honey. Honey-based drops are very effective in combating runny nose in children five years of age and older. You need to dissolve a little honey in warm water in a ratio of 4:1. Drip no more than 3 times a day, 1 drop. Can also be used for very young children.
2. Beet. Taken beet juice and honey in a ratio of 2:1. Apply 1 drop up to 5 times a day. This remedy for the runny nose helps with both chronic and acute rhinitis in children.
3. Onion. You will need to grate 1 small onion. The resulting gruel, in the amount of 3 tbsp. l., mix with 1 tsp. honey, then leave for half an hour. After this, the mixture is filtered through cheesecloth and the juice is dropped into the nose, no more than 5 times a day. Onion juice can also be used for washing. It allows you to treat green snot in a child, as well as yellow and others that appear with infectious rhinitis.
4. One of the best remedies that can be quickly prepared is a solution with iodine, soda and salt. You need to take a liter of water, add 6 drops of iodine, 1 tsp. sea ​​salt and 0.5 tsp. soda Rinse once a day.

Such remedies cope very well with runny noses in children of five years old, as well as in older children, but it must be remembered that the treatment must be correct. It is necessary to find out the reason for the baby’s rhinitis and then use the drugs and remedies that will be prescribed by the doctor.

The age from 2 to 3 years is considered the most “fun”. Children absorb all the information, begin to speak consciously, and perceive the people who are nearby as family. However, they are still exploring the world and all they are interested in is touching everything with their hands, licking, biting, etc. In general, the mouth is a universal tool for cognition environment(according to the unconscious opinion of children). That is why the child’s body is open to various diseases.

How to treat a runny nose in a child aged 3 years?

A runny nose is inflammatory process, which occurs on the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. This disease is accompanied by almost constant nasal congestion, decreased sense of smell and intense mucous discharge from the nasal passages.

Before treating a disease, you should find out the cause of its occurrence. A runny nose can be infectious or non-infectious. An infectious runny nose occurs when bacteria or viruses enter the body. This runny nose is accompanied by colds and elevated body temperature.

A runny nose in a child aged 3 years is very common. After all, along with the candy that the baby ate with not always clean hands, some kind of virus may enter his body. Doesn't build for parents

• get upset or start to panic,
• immediately give the baby antibiotics,
• drip some drops,
• overfeed him with his favorite food, etc.

The baby’s body at this age is able to fight diseases on its own. Naturally, we are not talking about some kind of bronchitis or serious inflammation.

A runny nose does not appear just like that, but it is often accompanied by a fever in a child - which is a guarantee that the immune system is working. What do parents do? You definitely need to bring down the temperature! Of course, if the temperature is above 40, it needs to be brought down immediately, but 37-38 is normal conditions to fight antibodies against viruses. Yes, that's it unpleasant condition, but you just need to survive it.

IN in this case It is always important to be aware of the fact that a runny nose will occur frequently. Therefore, as soon as you begin to constantly help the baby’s immune system work, or rather suppress its work, it will not take much time for the immune system to become “lazy” and subsequently stop making attempts at “self-healing.” Therefore, before you start using medicines and other remedies for a runny nose in a child, you need to make sure that the child’s body cannot cope with the illness on its own.

An infectious runny nose should be treated in conjunction with the disease itself.

• Drink hot teas with raspberries or honey,
• take hot baths (if there is no fever),
• instill and rinse the nose.

A non-infectious runny nose in a child aged 3 years appears in response to any irritant. This could be an allergic reaction or mechanical damage to the nasal passages. For example,

• deviated nasal septum,
• pollen allergy
• or animal fur and so on.

At allergic rhinitis It is worth protecting contact with the allergen. To prevent illness, you can do breathing exercises, acupressure, constantly moisturize the nasal passages.

How to treat a viral runny nose in a child aged 3 years?

The body of a child whose immune system has not yet strengthened quickly succumbs to various colds, especially if its causative agent is some kind of virus or infection. In general, one of the first difficulties that parents face is a runny nose in a child.

The causes of a viral runny nose can be the entry of various pathogens into the body, and a runny nose is most often a symptom or a harbinger of some disease. In fact, the baby may simply freeze or breathe in too cold air, which has become a serious irritant for his mucous membrane. Therefore, it must be protected as carefully as possible, since infectious diseases often enter the child’s body through Airways.

Before treating a disease, it is best to know how to prevent it. As you know, the main reason for the appearance of a runny nose in a baby is hypothermia. Therefore, keep your child's feet warm and do not let him scream or talk too much outside in bad weather. If hypothermia of the upper respiratory tract occurs, this will certainly lead to a runny nose. The fact is that cold can cause swelling of the mucous membrane, resulting in intense secretion.

In autumn and winter, viral runny nose becomes the most common childhood disease. It causes a lot of trouble both for the children themselves and for their parents, who do not know how to rid their child of this unpleasant illness. Meanwhile, a prolonged runny nose and its wrong treatment can cause chronic inflammation paranasal sinuses and nasal mucosa. Prevention of disease is the surest way to a child’s life without colds.

Treatment of runny nose in children with folk remedies

For a cold that manifests itself as a runny nose or nasal congestion, traditional medicine will always come to the aid of the patient. Treatment of runny nose is especially common with folk remedies in children, since when used correctly, this method is the safest and most effective. The advantage of this therapy is that it is not addictive. It is also important that the use of folk remedies for runny nose in children has practically no contraindications and does not cause adverse reactions, and is characterized by low cost.

How is the treatment carried out?

A runny nose can have many causes, one of which is a child’s weakened immune system. That is why therapy must necessarily consist of actions aimed at strengthening the baby’s immunity. Seeing that the child’s general condition has worsened, he needs to be given a lot warm drink– tea with honey and lemon, infusion of medicinal herbs, such as:

• mint;
• chamomile;
• thyme;
• calendula;
• St. John's wort;
• Echinacea.

In addition, you need to use folk remedies for children for runny noses, intended for instillation into the nose. It is also important to provide conditions favorable for the restoration of the mucous membrane. To do this, you need to maintain an optimal level of air humidity in the room, and the temperature should not be high - no more than 22 degrees. During the winter season, you can increase the humidity in the house by hanging wet towels on the radiators or placing a container of water.

For treatment to be beneficial, it is important to first determine the cause. increased secretion secretion or nasal congestion. Among the main folk methods for treating a runny nose in children, instillation of drops into the nose, inhalation, warming of the paranasal sinuses, massage of the nose, and hot foot baths are used. The choice of method for eliminating a runny nose should be made depending on the cause and severity of the disease, as well as the age of the child and individual characteristics his body.

Inhalations

If your child starts taking inhalations immediately after the onset of cold symptoms, he will recover much faster. High healing effect The benefits of the procedure are achieved due to the fact that microparticles of the drug act on the source of inflammation - the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, without entering the blood. Thus, when using folk remedies for a runny nose in a child, intended for inhalation, other organs do not suffer, since the medicine does not affect them.

Most often, decoctions of medicinal herbs are used for inhalation at home - chamomile, calendula, eucalyptus, pine needles, linden blossom, juniper. You can select several components to prepare a decoction, mix the herbs, take a spoonful of the mixture, and pour a glass of boiling water. The more herbs are used, the greater the healing effect will be. Many parents use honey as a folk remedy for runny noses in children over 2 years of age. It needs to be diluted with water 1:5, and breathe in the vapors of this healing product. Good effect Alkaline mineral waters also have a beneficial effect.

Runny nose in newborns

Unfortunately, a runny nose very often occurs in newborn babies, because after birth their body is still weak and is especially susceptible to viruses and infections. Colds are dangerous for infant the fact that with nasal congestion, his sleep and appetite worsen, and he often begins to rapidly lose weight.

The most dangerous thing is that difficulty breathing causes an increase in intracranial pressure and irritation of the meninges. For this reason, the baby should be given help after the first signs of a runny nose are detected.

Treatment with folk remedies for a runny nose in children of this age will be safest if you use already proven methods. The main task for rhinitis is to prevent mucus from thickening and drying out in the nasal passages; for this, the following is usually used:

• saline solution;
• balm “Golden Star”;
• warming the sinuses with salt, boiled egg;
• menthol, sea buckthorn, fir oils.

These folk remedies for the common cold for children make the treatment of the disease safe and effective. To remove thick mucus from the nose, you can use Kalanchoe juice, because the plant is endowed with a sneezing effect. During this period, it is useful to spread chopped onions and garlic throughout the house so that the baby can breathe in their phytoncides, which have a detrimental effect on pathogenic microorganisms.

For very young children whose nasal mucosa is delicate, you can use next medicine: Heat 50 g of olive oil in a water bath, add a clove of chopped garlic. Before adding garlic, the oil should boil for half an hour, after which the prepared medicine should be left for a day. If you have a runny nose or nasal congestion, lubricate your nostrils three times a day with garlic oil. This folk remedy for the treatment of runny nose in children can also be used to prevent the development of colds. If you lubricate the nasal mucosa during an epidemic of respiratory viral infections, you can protect your child from the disease.

Folk recipes

Thanks to the availability of many ways to treat colds, it is not so difficult to find out how to cure a runny nose in a child using traditional methods. Parents often use the following methods:

It is useful to drink an infusion of viburnum and linden blossom, mix, take 2 tablespoons of the mixture, pour two glasses of boiling water, leave for half an hour. Drink hot tea before bed in the amount of 1-2 glasses. Elderberry tea, which is mixed with lime color, prepare it in the same way as viburnum infusion. Many people who trust traditional medicine, when asked how to cure a child’s runny nose at home, recommend rubbing the child’s feet with “Golden Star” balm. This should be done at night, after putting warm socks on the baby and putting him to bed.

Warming up the paranasal sinuses is very useful for a runny nose, because such procedures reduce the inflammatory process in the nasopharynx. The duration of therapy should be 10 minutes, 3 sessions should be performed per day. The following means can be used for warming up:

• salt;
• millet cereal;
• boiled egg;
• sand.

They need to be heated, wrapped in cloth and applied to the nose; it is important that the warmth is pleasant for the baby and does not cause discomfort. You can reduce the amount of mucus secreted or eliminate nasal congestion by using warm compresses on the chest. Usually boiled potatoes are used for this, from which a flat cake is made and applied to the chest.

If you steam your feet with mustard, the well-being of a sick child significantly improves. You can also put mustard powder in socks and go to bed; in the morning the baby will feel much better. If parents know in advance how to cure a child’s runny nose using folk remedies, they will be able to carry out effective therapy for early stages development of the disease.

A severe runny nose in a one-year-old child: how to treat it

When children get sick, parents begin to worry, trying to help the baby and cure him faster. If you have a runny nose one year old child, anxiety intensifies, because at such an early age it is not so easy to cure a baby, and a long course of rhinitis can cause some complications. Effective medications and physical procedures come to the aid of parents.

A severe runny nose in a one-year-old child can have several causes. Rhinitis can be of infectious or non-infectious origin. These two types of nasal disease can occur in one year old baby. The non-infectious origin of a runny nose can be caused by injury, penetration into the nasopharynx foreign objects– small toys, buttons, beads, food, also adverse environmental conditions and allergic reactions.

Infectious rhinitis occurs most often in children; it is caused by the penetration of viruses and bacteria into the nasal cavity. In a one-year-old child, treatment of a runny nose caused by these pathogenic microorganisms should be carried out using appropriate drugs - antiviral or antibacterial.

A one-year-old child’s runny nose does not go away: what to do?

It is important to know how to treat a runny nose in a one-year-old child when its first signs are detected, because the effectiveness of therapy depends on this. You can independently begin treatment for rhinitis in a child if the parents know what exactly caused the disease, which is extremely rare. If nasal breathing is difficult for a baby, you can use nasal drops vasoconstrictor drops. Such remedies do not have a therapeutic effect, but will improve the baby’s well-being for a while.

What to do before visiting a specialist’s office: Self-treatment of the disease is simple and safe:

1. The head of the bed should be slightly raised. In this position, mucus from the nose will flow out rather than flow down the respiratory tract, causing inflammation and coughing.
2. With increased production thick mucus in the nose, you should try to remove it using a pear.
3. On will benefit rinsing the nasal passages with saline solution.

Rinsing the nose with saline solution is an effective method of treating the disease at all its stages. This procedure well moisturizes the mucous membrane, prevents it from drying out, prevents the formation of crusts and thins the mucus. For a one-year-old child You need to drop drops of the solution into the nasal passages. It is advisable that the baby lie with his head well thrown back during this procedure.

Some experts, in addition to saline solution to moisturize the nasal mucosa, recommend using oil solutions vitamins A and E. They not only prevent the formation of crusts in the nose, but also relieve the resulting irritation.

Alternative treatment for a runny nose in a one-year-old child

You can eliminate the symptoms of a runny nose and improve your child’s well-being through the use of traditional methods. They have a soft, but at the same time powerful action, are able to fight viruses and bacteria no worse than medicines.

When treating rhinitis in children who are already one year old, you can use the following recipes:

1. Aloe juice drops. Wash the aloe leaves and squeeze the juice out of them, then dilute with boiled water 1:10. The prepared medicine should be dripped into the nose, 2 drops no more than 5 times a day. You should know that only plants older than 2 years are endowed with healing properties.
2. Medicine from parsley juice. Fresh leaves The plants should be twisted through a meat grinder, placed in gauze and squeezed. Place 2 drops into each nostril.
3. Treats runny nose and beet-carrot juice, but not all children tolerate the procedure of nasal instillation with this remedy well.

If at traditional treatment A one-year-old child’s runny nose does not go away; to avoid it, you should resort to traditional medicine.

How to quickly cure a runny nose in a one-year-old child: medications

How to cure a runny nose in a one-year-old child quickly and safely with the help of medications? Treatment of rhinitis in children medicines should be carried out strictly as prescribed by a pediatrician or otolaryngologist.

Typically, specialists prescribe medications such as:

• Nazivin (0.01%) – it is necessary to drip no more than 3 times a day, for a maximum of 5 days. The effect of the drug lasts up to 12 hours;
• Derinat - drop two drops into each nasal passage 3 times a day, the maximum duration of action lasts 12 hours, the maximum treatment period is 10 days;
• Nazol Baby (0.125%) - the drug should be dripped 1 drop into each nasal passage, after 6 hours the procedure is repeated.

For effective therapy It is not enough to know how to cure a runny nose in a one-year-old child; it is important to follow the specialist’s instructions without interrupting the course of treatment or violating the dosage.

How to treat a runny nose in a 2-year-old child at home?

No matter how sad it may be, not a single child has ever grown up without colds and illnesses. Often a symptom of these pathologies is a runny nose. In this case, the snot can be very liquid and transparent or have a thick consistency and a bright yellow-green hue. This article will tell you how to treat a runny nose in a 2-year-old child. Often it is at this age that babies go to nurseries preschool institutions. This is where the greatest danger of contracting viral or bacterial infections arises. Also from the information presented you will learn how to treat a runny nose in a 2-year-old child using folk remedies.

The nature of the symptom that appears

Before treating a runny nose in a 2-year-old child, it is worth finding out what caused it. A baby's sniffles may be physiological. In most cases, they do not require any additional correction. Also, a runny nose sometimes appears due to environmental exposure. The cause of mucus in the nose can be dry air.

Viral and bacterial mucus should always be treated with the help of a specialist. However, often mothers and fathers try to overcome the disease on their own. Allergies are another cause of a runny nose. To determine exactly how to treat a runny nose in a 2-year-old child and find out the main cause of the symptom, consult an otolaryngologist. If there is no such specialist in your clinic, then at least see a pediatrician.

Self-correction: expert opinion

Before treating a runny nose in a 2-year-old child at home, you should consult a doctor. Remember that there can be many reasons for this unpleasant symptom. Often when not proper therapy Parents independently bring the problem to the point of serious complications. At the same time, the baby already requires more serious and expensive treatment.

Doctors strongly do not recommend self-prescribing. Often parents come to the pharmacy chain and ask the pharmacist to advise them on a drug. At the same time, they do not think about the fact that the pharmacist is not a doctor. The medicine seller does not know your baby's true problem. Remember that any drug should be given to a child only after a doctor’s prescription. Let's look at the basic medications you can use at home.

Rinsing the spout

Before treating a runny nose in a 2-year-old child with medications, it is necessary to rinse the nasal passages. Surely the baby still does not know how to blow his nose on his own. Therefore, you will need an aspirator. Nowadays, a great variety of devices for removing mucus from the nose are sold, but the most popular is the Otrivin aspirator.

Washing can be carried out with such compounds as “Aqualor”, “Aquamaris”, “Rinostop” and so on. All of them are approved for use in children after the first year of life. Many are available from birth. You can also prepare your own saline solution. To do this, boil a liter of water, add a teaspoon of salt to it, then cool. With each rinse, inject 5-10 drops of liquid into each nostril. After this, remove the mucus with an aspirator.

Treatment of physiological runny nose

If a child (2 years old) has a runny nose due to dry air, how to treat it? To begin with, you should pay attention to the conditions in which the baby is. The air temperature in the room should be 18-22 degrees. Also, air humidity cannot be lower than 50-60 percent.

In order to eliminate dry air and thereby cure sniffles, humidify the room. This can be done using modern devices. If you do not have the opportunity to purchase something similar, then just hang it up wet towels or diapers. Also, some mothers place containers of water around the room. This option is less effective, but also effective. Ventilate the room where a child with a runny nose is located more often.

Position during sleep and rest

How to treat a runny nose in a child (2 years old)? Komarovsky, a famous pediatrician, says that it is necessary to provide the most comfortable conditions for a sick child. First of all, this is the position of the body during sleep. Place your pillow higher. You can use improvised means to slightly raise the head of the bed.

If this is not done, then during sleep the nozzles will flow down the back wall throat. This is often accompanied by a cough. Moreover, inexperienced parents begin to treat the described symptom. However, antitussive drugs in this situation are unnecessary.

Drink plenty of fluids and eat well

How to treat a runny nose in a 2 year old child at home? In order for the sniffles to pass faster, it is necessary to properly organize the child’s routine and place of stay. When you have a cold, your baby needs more rest. Don't force your baby to get up at the usual time. If the baby wants to sleep longer, provide this opportunity.

Don't force your child to eat. Especially if he doesn't want to. Prepare your baby a delicious drink that he loves. During illness, a variety of fruit drinks and freshly squeezed juices are very useful. Tea with lemon, honey and raspberries will boost your immunity and speed up your recovery time. Give the patient more regular water.

For severe nasal congestion

If a child (2 years old) has a runny nose, how to treat it? For severe nasal congestion, it is advisable to use vasoconstrictor medications. Without them, a runny nose can often be complicated by otitis media due to existing swelling. The most popular and prescribed remedies are drops and sprays “Nazivin”, “Vibrocil”, “Snoop”, “Rinostop” and so on. Most of these products contain xylometazoline or phenylephrine.

Please note that such drugs cannot be used for more than five days in a row. Some are even allowed for a period of three days. Many sprays are approved for use from two (some from 6) years. The use of vasoconstrictor drugs should be carried out strictly according to the instructions. IN otherwise there will be an addiction to the medicine.

Antiviral medications

If your child is 2 years old, how to treat a severe runny nose? The most common symptom appears when viral infection. In this case, there may be an increase in body temperature and general weakness. If you start on time antiviral therapy, then recovery occurs within a few days.

Among the antiviral drugs that can be used at home are Derinat, Ingaron, IRS 19, Interferon, and so on. All of them are sold in pharmacy chains without a prescription from a doctor. Treatment with these medications is carried out for 3-10 days.

Bacterial origin

How to treat a runny nose in a 2 year old child? Green snot indicates that the origin of the pathology is bacterial. This requires appropriate medications. In the absence of proper therapy, the disease can be complicated by bronchitis or pneumonia.

Most often, doctors prescribe antibacterial drugs for home use. These are drops of “Isofra”, “Polydex” and “Protargol”. The last type of drug is the safest. The basis of this medicine is silver. The medication has an antiseptic, drying and anti-inflammatory effect. Less commonly, concomitant oral antibiotic use may be necessary. In this case, the recommendation must be given by a doctor. Drugs based on amoxicillin or azithromycin are used.

Homemade drops

How to treat a runny nose in a 2 year old child at home? Correction can be carried out folk remedies or with improvised means. Often, parents prepare drops for their baby on their own. Here are some popular and effective recipes:

• grate the onion, add a few drops of olive oil and dilute with boiled water;
• take vitamins A and E in equal proportions, add a teaspoon of liquid honey;
• Squeeze the beet juice and mix it with honey in a 2 to 1 ratio.

It is permissible to instill such homemade medicines up to 5 times a day. Be sure to monitor your baby's reaction to treatment.

Folk recipes

What is the best way to treat a child’s runny nose? 2 years is an age at which you still don’t want to give medications, but you also need to not delay treatment. Many parents resort to traditional methods of correction. Perhaps they help someone. However, if improvement does not occur within several days, it is better to consult a doctor. Also, if your baby’s health worsens, immediately go to the clinic. Here are some popular and effective activities:

1. Warming up your feet. Often, when a child has a runny nose, parents warm their child’s feet. Mustard is used for this iodine grid, ointments based on essential oils and other products. This treatment is acceptable if the baby does not have a fever.
2. Hot bath. Warming up the child in a bath or sauna is another option. You can use essential oils for this. They will make breathing easier and accelerate the regeneration of damaged mucous membranes. The condition for treatment is also the absence of fever.
3. Inhalations. Breathing in steam is my grandmother’s method of treating a runny nose. However, many experts now dispute its effectiveness. Where great benefit inhalation pencils, for example “Golden Star”, provide relief.
4. Thermal procedures. You can warm your sinuses with a boiled egg or heated salt. Remember that this manipulation is only permissible if there is no purulent discharge from the nasal passages.

Medicinal herbs with anti-inflammatory, expectorant and antiseptic effects will be useful for the child. However, they must be given very carefully, because there is a possibility of developing an allergic reaction. Consult your doctor for this treatment.

Short conclusion

You learned how and how to treat a runny nose in a 2-year-old child at home. If complications occur, hospitalization is sometimes required. In this case, the correction is carried out within the walls of the hospital under the supervision of doctors. Remember that incorrect treatment and failure to consult a doctor in a timely manner is the first cause of complications. If your baby is bothered by a runny nose, you should show him to your local pediatrician. Health to the child!

How to treat a runny nose in a 2 year old child? Every person has a runny nose. For adults, this symptom does not cause any particular problems, which cannot be said about small children. Children experience discomfort and become whiny. A stuffy nose makes it difficult to breathe at night, and the child cannot sleep peacefully.

Rhinitis is a normal reaction of the body to an attack. pathogenic microbes, viruses and allergens. The mucous membrane protects the sinuses and secretes large amounts of mucus. How to treat a runny nose in a child? How to help clear your nose? A pediatrician and traditional medicine can answer these questions.

It is important to know that the nasal cavity in children and adults is significantly different. In babies it is not fully formed and is in the developmental stage. This must be taken into account when choosing medications and treatment methods.

At the first symptoms of the disease, treatment of a runny nose in children should begin with the use of first aid at home:

• freeing the nasal passages from mucus. It is difficult to teach a child under 2 years old to blow his nose, but parents must show how to do it carefully;
• instilling drops before bedtime. To ensure that the child is not bothered by nasal congestion at night and does not experience shortness of breath, medications should be instilled into each nasal passage;
• examination correct posture before bedtime. The head and upper body should be at an angle of 45%. This position guarantees optimal conditions for easier breathing at night;
• drinking plenty of fluids. Warm fruit drinks made from cranberries or currants can compensate for the lack of vitamin C in the body and speed up recovery;
• dietary food. During illness, it is necessary to exclude fatty, meat dishes. Digesting them requires a lot of energy, and weakened immunity needs it to fight viruses;
• availability of fresh air. Cool air can speed up the healing process. To do this, it is necessary to ventilate the room as often as possible. Do not warm it up under any circumstances with special heating devices. To keep your baby warm, it is enough to dress him in warm pajamas;
• normalization of the microclimate. The humidity level should be within 70%. A humidifier will help maintain the desired level of moisture in the room.

Therapeutic measures

It is better to prevent a runny nose in a child than to treat it. But if trouble happens, you should know about several important procedures: moisturizing and rinsing the nose, general heating, strengthening the immune system, inhalations and drug treatment.

Moisturizing the mucous membrane is necessary in order to prevent mucus from drying out in the nose. Stagnation of mucous masses can aggravate and frustrate nasal breathing. Pharmacies offer a range of saline solutions, but they can also be prepared at home.

Dissolve in a glass of boiled water a small amount of salt and a few drops of iodine. The resulting product is instilled into the nose and moisturizes the mucous membrane.

The saline solution softens dried crusts and cleans the spout of germs and dust. It is enough to instill 3-4 drops into each nasal passage at intervals of half an hour. The baby may not like the first procedure. Instillation causes sneezing and coughing, but this is a normal reaction of the body. After several procedures, the child will get used to it.

If you don't have time to bother preparing the solution, purchase it at the pharmacy. Aqua Maris or Salin will do an excellent job of moisturizing the sinuses and removing bacteria and germs. These drugs have no contraindications. They are used for infants and children aged 3 years and older. Older children are prescribed a spray rather than drops. Saline solution, as an alternative to expensive medications, easily copes with the task of cleansing and moisturizing the nasal passages and costs a penny.

Inhalations are considered effective procedure in the treatment of runny nose. With their help, the medicine evenly irrigates the mucous membrane and penetrates deep inside. Antibacterial or immunomodulatory drugs should be sprayed throughout the day. Baby has a runny nose it will go faster using these manipulations. It is enough to have a professional device and medicines on hand.

It often happens that snot in a 2 or 3 year old child is associated with allergic reactions. Under the influence of dust and pollen allergens, swelling of the mucous membrane and its inflammation occur. First, you should identify the provoking factor, and then begin treatment. Your child may need antihistamines.

An effective way to combat a runny nose in children under 3 years of age and older is rinsing. This procedure should be done every day not only during the period of illness, but also for prevention purposes. Polluted air can put everyone's health at risk. Daily washing can prevent the attack of viruses, dust and dirt and improve the child’s well-being.

Warm boiled water is quite suitable for this procedure, but sea water is considered more effective. It is also recommended to use infusions of medicinal herbs: eucalyptus, sage, chamomile, calendula and St. John's wort.

The baby may not like the procedure, so you should tell and explain to him why all this is needed. After several sessions, the child will understand that there is nothing wrong with this and will not be capricious. Rinsing is carried out using a syringe or bulb. The result will become noticeable on the second day. Moreover, it is easier to apply medications to a well-cleaned mucosa, which will have a positive effect on the result.

How to treat a runny nose with rinsing? Carefully. During the first session, it is better not to allow a strong stream to enter the child’s nose. Therefore, the fluid pressure should be carefully controlled. The baby should tilt his head over the sink and open his mouth. This is necessary to ensure that the solution comes out through the mouth without hindrance. One nostril should be closed and the solution should be carefully injected into the other. Then the manipulation must be repeated with the other nostril.

Prolonged rhinitis in a child when he is 2-3 years old is difficult to treat. Treatment must be competent, correct and comprehensive. Parents should carefully monitor the washing procedure. There are several mandatory rules:

• the solution used must be warm. The process will become more enjoyable for the baby;
• It is recommended to add medicinal herbs to sea water. Before using infusions, you should make sure that there are no allergic reactions to the components;
• The procedure should not cause discomfort to the baby. If it doesn’t work the first time, you should postpone the action for a while and then try again;
• The angle of the child's head above the sink should be 45º. This is the optimal position for convenient administration of the solution;
• The jet pressure should not be strong. Otherwise, bacteria can get from the nasal cavity into inner ear through the Eustachian tube.

Properly performed procedures will improve the child’s well-being and free the nasal passage from mucus.

General warming up

Warming up your feet is pleasant procedure for kids of any age. Treating children with warming is available to all parents. Our grandmothers knew that soaking their feet in mustard was the best way to cope with a cold. The only contraindication is the presence of a high temperature in the patient.

Mustard powder is added to the heated water at the rate of 2-3 tbsp. l. on a bucket of water. The legs are first dipped in warm water and then hot water is added. The water temperature should be tolerable for the baby. Redness of the skin indicates that the legs should be doused with more cool water, and then place it back into the hot bucket. Such manipulations are repeated three times. The final stage of cold dousing is completed by wiping the legs. The baby needs to put on woolen socks and put him to bed. Mustard warming will help the nose to breathe freely and improve the patient’s well-being. This procedure is also effective during coughing.

Children 4 years of age and older are easier to treat. They already understand what is required of them and try to fulfill all the requests of their parents. It is difficult to treat infants, so you should not start the disease, but prevent its occurrence.

For rhinitis, the pediatrician may prescribe. The action can take place in a clinic in a physiotherapy room or at home. Often young mothers use homemade nasal warmers. This could be a cloth with salt or just a clean sock. This method is indicated in the early stages of ARVI in the presence of clean ones. Do not use a heating pad if there is purulent, yellow discharge or elevated temperature. It is pointless for allergic rhinitis.

The purpose of heating is to increase the temperature in tissues that are affected by infection. In such conditions, viruses are destroyed faster and more efficiently. There are several ways to make a heating pad:

1. Rice, sock and eucalyptus oil. Pour the rice into a sock and add eucalyptus oil. Pull the sock tightly together to create a tight roll. Place it on the lid of a saucepan or frying pan standing on the fire. When the bag becomes warm, apply it to the wings of the nose for a while.
2. Salt and sock. Heat coarse salt in a frying pan and place it in a sock. We fix it with thread and apply it to the sinuses.
3. Boiled egg and handkerchief. We wrap the warm egg in a scarf and hold it at the bridge of the nose for some time.

The temperature of the heating pad should not be higher than 45-50ºС, so as not to burn delicate skin child, but it must fulfill its function. The bag is usually applied to the bridge of the nose and wings of the nose. The procedure should be performed as often as possible so that the nasal passages are warm and breathing is not difficult.

Any for children should be agreed with your pediatrician. It often happens that some procedures are contraindicated for a baby, although they are considered universal and safe. Only a doctor can determine the cause of a runny nose and protect the baby as much as possible from negative consequences.

Drug therapy

Pharmacy counters are crowded with all kinds of drugs that are aimed at fighting colds and runny nose. These include Nazol Baby and Vibrocil, whose effect lasts up to 6 hours. The drugs can be used from the first year of life. A runny nose in a 5-year-old child can be cured with such remedies as Nazivin, Tizin, Ximelin. It is enough to read the instructions and follow their instructions.

Use herbal nasal drops. They are indicated for bacterial rhinitis, for thick rhinitis. Drops help the body destroy pathogenic bacteria in the nose. Herbs have antiseptic and antibacterial effect, helping the mucous membrane cope with viruses, and enhance the effect of the immune system.

Nose massage

Sometimes massage is used to treat a runny nose. It can be used in combination with other procedures. It is important that the movements are correct and professional.

Normalization of the microclimate, moisturizing the nose, drinking plenty of fluids and drug treatment are the main procedures in the treatment of a runny nose. Massage and herbal drops are only an auxiliary link that helps shorten the course of the disease and reduce the risk of complications.

What to do if a child has a runny nose if you are not a supporter of “chemistry”? Fresh air, a complex of vitamins, a proper diet - this is what your baby needs for his fragile immunity.

A runny nose is extremely rarely an independent pathology. This is usually a symptom of a viral or bacterial infection. At first glance, this is a very harmless disease, which is not entirely true. A runny nose has many consequences for the body, including chronic rhinitis, sinusitis and otitis ( inflammation of the middle ear). In turn, these complications are dangerous because they most often occur in children in the first year of life. The reason for this is the peculiarities of the anatomical structure of the nasal passages and the auditory tube.

Anatomy and function of the nasal cavity

Anatomy of the nasal cavity

The nasal mucosa consists of a special ciliated ( or ciliated) epithelium. It is called that because it consists of numerous cilia densely located on the mucous membrane. Moreover, there are microvilli on the apical surface of the cilia themselves. They, in turn, branch and elongate, increasing the area of ​​the mucosa several times. Thus, on average, ciliated cells have 200–300 cilia, the length of which is 7 microns. By moving, microvilli help move mucus from the nasal cavity into the oropharynx, and from the bronchi outward. Thus, they perform the function of drainage of the respiratory system. It should be noted that per day the volume of nasal mucus can vary from 200 milliliters to one liter. Along with mucus, dust particles, allergens and pathogenic microorganisms leave the respiratory tract. The functionality of the mucous membrane is most optimal at a temperature of 28 - 33 degrees and a pH of 5.5 - 6.5. The slightest deviation from these parameters leads to a change in its composition. Thus, loss of moisture, a decrease in temperature to 7 - 10 degrees, an increase in pH above 6.5 and other fluctuations cause the cilia to stop vibrating. At the same time, the composition of the mucous membrane changes, and the level of its protection decreases.

The nasal mucosa is abundantly supplied with nerve endings that are connected to various organs and systems. That is why the child’s body reacts negatively even to the most minor violations physiological functions nose Even with the slightest runny nose, children become capricious, irritable, and begin to have difficulty sleeping. The main factor contributing to the development of a runny nose is hypothermia. A decrease in temperature leads to disruption of the body's defense mechanisms and activation of opportunistic microflora in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx and oral cavity. The development of a runny nose is also facilitated by a decrease in the body’s resistance due to chronic diseases.

Functions of the nasal cavity

The main functions of the nasal cavity are:

• filtering of inhaled air;
• protective function;
• function of warming the inhaled air.

Protective function
The work of epithelial cilia is also aimed at eliminating ( excretion) from the respiratory tract of foreign objects. This could be poplar fluff, pieces of wool and other objects. Getting into the nasal passages, they irritate the receptors embedded in the mucous membrane. Irritation of the receptors leads to muscle contraction, resulting in the implementation of an unconditioned protective reflex - sneezing. Thanks to sneezing, all pathological elements are removed from the upper respiratory tract.

Inhaled air warming function
The nasal cavity also warms the inhaled air, which plays a particularly important role in cold seasons. This function of the nose prevents the lower respiratory tract from becoming cold. Entering the nasal cavity, the air passes into the nasopharynx, and from it into the larynx and bronchi. Going all this way, the air warms up and at the moment when it reaches the lungs, it does not lead to hypothermia of the mucous membrane.

Causes of runny nose in children

Infectious causes of runny nose in children

• acute respiratory diseases ( acute respiratory infections);
• viral infections – adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, coronaviruses;
• Infectious mononucleosis ;
• bacteria;

Viruses or bacteria can then migrate from the upper respiratory tract ( that is, the nasal cavity) into the lower respiratory tract. A runny nose can also affect the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses and middle ear. This explains the fact that a runny nose is most often accompanied by inflammation of the paranasal sinuses ( sinusitis, frontal sinusitis) and middle ear ( otitis).

As a rule, a runny nose in children is recorded during periods of sharp temperature fluctuations. This is primarily due to changes in virulent properties ( infectious ability) microbes, as well as with the hypothermia factor. A pronounced inflammatory reaction in the nasal mucosa is observed when the feet are cooled. This is explained by the presence of reflex connections between the feet and the nose.

Non-infectious causes of runny nose in children

TO non-infectious causes runny nose in children include:

• environmental factors - dust, smoke, strong smelling substances;
• allergenic factors - fluff, wool;
• injuries;
• foreign bodies.

Allergic rhinitis in children

Manifestations of allergic rhinitis in children are:

• nasal congestion;
• rhinorrhea ( discharge of liquid contents from the nasal cavity);
• sneezing;
• itching in the nasal cavity.

Considering the period of time of contact with the allergen, doctors distinguish seasonal, year-round and occupational allergic rhinitis. The first two are typical for both children and adults, the last one is only for adults. The main reason allergic rhinitis- This is plant pollen, which is a powerful allergen. Significant allergens include pollen from trees, grasses and weeds. Based on this, there are three main peaks of exacerbation of seasonal allergic rhinitis.

The periods of the year during which the peak incidence of allergic rhinitis occurs include:

• April May– caused by pollination of trees such as birch, alder, hazel;
• June July– associated with the pollination of cereal grasses such as timothy and fescue;
• Aug. Sept- caused by pollination of weeds such as wormwood, quinoa and plantain.

Stages of development of a runny nose

The stages of development of a runny nose are:

• reflex stage;
• catarrhal stage;
• stage of recovery or infection.

Catarrhal stage of development of the runny nose
The second stage of the development of a runny nose lasts from 2 to 3 days. During this stage, vasodilation occurs, which provokes swelling of the nasal turbinates. Children complain of a feeling of nasal congestion and difficulty breathing through the nose. If the cause of a runny nose is a viral infection, then profuse, clear, watery discharge from the nose is noted ( rhinorrhea). Symptoms such as decreased sense of smell, watery eyes, stuffy ears, and a nasal tone of voice also appear. This stage is also accompanied by an increase in body temperature to subfebrile levels ( 37.2 – 37.5 degrees). At this stage, the nasal mucosa becomes bright red and swells greatly, making breathing difficult. This, in turn, leads to the disappearance of the sense of smell and a deterioration in the perception of taste ( This is explained by the fact that olfactory receptors are located in the nasal mucosa). Sometimes lacrimation, congestion and tinnitus also occur.

Stage of recovery or infection
The third stage of the development of a runny nose can follow two paths - recovery or the addition of bacterial inflammation. In the first case, the general condition improves, the function of the epithelium is restored. Nasal breathing begins to become freer, mucus secretion normalizes, and the sense of smell is restored. If a secondary bacterial infection occurs, the child’s general condition also initially improves. However, nasal discharge becomes greenish in color and becomes thicker. Further development of the disease depends on how far the infection has progressed. If pathogenic microorganisms have reached the bronchi, then there is a high probability of developing bronchitis.

Duration of runny nose in children
On average, a runny nose of an infectious nature lasts from 7 to 10 days. At good immunity and with quickly started treatment, recovery can occur as early as 2–3 days. When weakened protective forces ah of the body and inadequate treatment, a runny nose lasts up to 3 – 4 weeks. In this case, it can also become chronic or lead to the development of complications.

Symptoms of a runny nose in a child

Classic symptoms of a runny nose include nasal congestion, discharge and sneezing. Depending on the nature of the underlying disease, one or another symptom can be expressed to the maximum. For example, with a viral infection, a runny nose is characterized by copious nasal discharge, and with allergies, persistent itching and sneezing. The development of a runny nose, as a rule, is sharp and sudden - it begins quickly with a general deterioration in the child’s condition. Children's body temperature rises, headache, nasal breathing worsens, sense of smell decreases.

Since young children cannot express their complaints, they mostly cry. How smaller child, the more restless he becomes. In infants, it is not the manifestations of a runny nose themselves that come first, but the signs of general intoxication.

Next, liquid discharge from the nasal cavity appears very quickly. The production of mucous contents occurs due to increased function of the goblet glands, which are embedded in the epithelium. Pathological nasal secretion has irritant effect on the skin. This is especially noticeable in the area of ​​the vestibule of the nose and upper lip, which manifests itself in the form of redness and painful cracks.

Manifestations of a runny nose in children are:

• feeling of nasal congestion;
• rhinorrhea;
• sneezing;
• lacrimation.

Watery eyes are a very common symptom of a runny nose. It is caused by irritation reflexogenic zones mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. Watery eyes are almost always accompanied by sneezing, the nature of which is similar. Sneezing is the result of irritation of sensitive fibers that are located in the mucous membrane.

Total duration of this disease varies from 8 to 14 days. If common and local immunity the child is not disturbed, then the runny nose stops after a couple of days. In the weakened and often ill, the runny nose most often has a protracted character - up to 3 - 4 weeks. In general, the child’s condition depends on the underlying disease and the form of rhinitis.

Forms of rhinitis ( runny nose) are:

• acute rhinitis;
• chronic rhinitis;
• atrophic rhinitis;
• vasomotor rhinitis.

Chronic rhinitis
This type of runny nose is characterized by impaired nasal breathing with alternating congestion in one or the other half of the nose. In chronic rhinitis, the nature of nasal discharge can be serous, mucous or purulent. Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis differs in duration. Nasal congestion is characterized by a more permanent nature, and the most important thing is that this symptom does not go away after using vasoconstrictor drops. In addition to difficulty breathing through the nose, sick children are bothered by headaches and poor sleep. The nasal mucosa is usually pale pink, reddish or bluish.

Atrophic rhinitis
For chronic atrophic rhinitis The main symptom is a feeling of dryness in the nose. Patients also complain of the formation of crusts, a feeling of pressure in the nasal cavity and headaches. The contents of the nose are always thick in consistency and have a yellow-greenish tint. As a rule, the volume of pathological mucus in atrophic rhinitis is small. However, if pus is present in large quantities, this can lead to the spread chronic process on the mucous membrane of the pharynx and larynx.

Vasomotor rhinitis

This form of rhinitis is characterized by such manifestations as sneezing, nasal congestion, excessive liquid discharge. The development of vasomotor rhinitis is based on neurovegetative disorders that cause a sharp spasm of the nasal vessels.

Cough and runny nose in a child

The appearance of a symptom such as cough in the clinical picture depends on how far the infection has penetrated. If the body's defenses are weakened and the child is young, then the risk of developing bronchitis or pneumonia is very high. In 9 out of 10 cases, premature and weakened children develop pneumonia and bronchiolitis. The nature of the cough depends on the level of infection. If the inflammatory process is localized at the level of the nasopharynx, larynx or trachea, then the cough is predominantly dry. The reason for this is dry and inflamed mucous membrane, which irritates the nerve endings and provokes a cough. If the infection goes down and affects the bronchopulmonary region, then the cough becomes productive, that is, wet. The amount of secretion depends on how well the bronchi drain and on how much fluid the child consumes. As a rule, at first the cough is accompanied by scanty and viscous sputum. Subsequently, when taking bronchodilators, the sputum becomes thinner and its volume increases. The color and specific smell of sputum also depends on the source of infection. With pyogenic flora, the sputum has a fetid odor and is greenish in color.

Fever and runny nose in a child

Temperature options depending on the etiology of the runny nose

Runny nose without fever in a child

Runny nose in infants

It is extremely rare that a runny nose can occur in isolation. As a rule, in infants it occurs in the form of nasopharyngitis. In this case, both the nasal cavity and the pharyngeal cavity are involved in the pathological process. This feature clinical picture caused by the child’s inability to independently clear the nasal cavity of mucus ( that is, blow your nose). This leads to pathological contents flowing down the back wall of the pharynx, causing irritation and inflammation. Thus, the pharynx is also involved in the inflammatory process, resulting in the development of not rhinitis, but nasopharyngitis. Moreover, the inflammatory process in infants more often than in adults spreads to the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. The consequence of this is the frequent development of tracheitis, bronchitis and even pneumonia.

Another feature of a child’s runny nose is the rapid development of a complication such as otitis media ( inflammation of the middle ear). The reason for this is also the anatomical features of the structure of the ear cavity. Thus, the auditory tube in children is much wider and shorter than in adults, which causes infection to quickly penetrate from the nose to the ear. At the same time, the constant horizontal position of children and the lack of coughing skills lead to the flow of mucus from the nasal passages into the short auditory tube, and from it into the middle ear. Thus, a runny nose is quickly complicated by an inflammatory process in the middle ear, which is very severe in young children. The development of such a complication as otitis media is accompanied by sudden changes in the child’s behavior. Due to the appearance severe pain, the intensity of which quickly increases, the child is deprived of peace. He starts crying, screaming, turning his head. Such a rapid change in the child’s behavior should alert parents even before pus appears from the ear cavity. The last symptom indicates the presence of a ruptured eardrum.

Complications of a runny nose in children

The consequences of a runny nose in children are:

• rapid fatigue;
• sleep disturbance;
• memory loss;
• development chronic rhinitis and sinusitis;
• stop in the physical development of the child;
• deformation of the facial skeleton and chest bones;
• disruption of metabolic processes;
• disruption of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems;
• development of allergic reactions.

Treatment of runny nose in children

• The room in which the child is located must be well ventilated.
• The humidity in the room should not be less than 50 - 60 percent.
• If a runny nose is accompanied by a fever, then the child must be provided with an adequate water regime - often, but little by little, give boiled water at room temperature.
• During a cold, it is not recommended to force-feed your child.
• It is necessary to regularly remove accumulated mucus from the nasal passages.
• To relieve symptoms ( but not to eliminate the causes of the runny nose themselves) can be used vasoconstrictors, which, in turn, are selected based on age.
• It's important to know that maximum time use of any vasoconstrictors should not exceed 5 – 7 days.

Drops and sprays for runny nose in children

Drops and sprays used in the treatment of runny nose in children

Inhalations for a runny nose in children

Inhalation procedures are carried out using nebulizers or steam inhalers. Various household appliances such as pots or kettles can also be used. Regardless of the method of inhalation, when treating a runny nose, inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth. The choice of drug, session duration, contraindications and other aspects of the procedure depend on which device is used in inhalation therapy.

Nebulizers
A nebulizer is a device in which the medicine is broken into small drops and turned into a mist, which is inhaled by the child through a special tube. The temperature of the drug does not increase, since its transformation occurs under the influence of ultrasound, a membrane or a compressor. Inhalation using such equipment can be carried out at all stages of a runny nose and at any age of the child.

Rules for using a nebulizer when children's runny nose the following:

• inhalation procedures with a nebulizer are carried out 2–4 times a day;
• the session must be continued for 5–8 minutes;
• before inhalation, the child should rinse the nasal and oral cavity;
• After the procedure, you must abstain from eating and drinking for 1 – 2 hours;
• the medicine is poured into a special chamber using a pipette or syringe ( most often included with the device);
• solutions used for inhalation must be at room temperature;
• Before and after the session, parts that come into contact with the medicine or the child’s nasal cavity should be disinfected.

Drugs that are used for nebulizer therapy for children's runny nose are:

• antiseptics ( miramistin, furatsilin);
• restorative ( tonsilgon, rotokan);
• anti-inflammatory ( budesonide);
• antibiotics ( dioxidine, gentamicin).

Steam inhalers
A steam inhaler is a device that heats medicine and turns it into steam through a tube. Since such inhalations involve exposure of the mucous membrane to high temperatures, these procedures have a sufficient number of contraindications.
Steam inhalations are excluded at temperatures above 37 degrees, because hot steam will worsen the child's condition. Steam inhalation is not carried out for heart disease, bronchial asthma and a tendency to spasms in the bronchi. The age of a child from which a steam inhaler is permitted is 6 years.

The rules for steam inhalation are as follows:

• one hour before and after the procedure, all physical activity should be avoided;
• after completing the session, you should not go out into the open air for 2–3 hours;
• You can eat and drink after 1 – 2 hours;
• session duration varies from 10 to 15 minutes;
• number of procedures per day – from 3 to 6;
• steam temperature ( installed on the device) – from 50 to 60 degrees.

Plants from which solutions for steam inhalation are prepared are:

• plantain;

Treatment of runny nose in children with folk remedies

Treatment methods offered by traditional medicine for children's runny nose are:

• nasal rinsing;
• nasal instillation;
• drinking plenty of water;
• heat compresses.

Rinsing the nose for a runny nose in children

How to rinse your nose?
There are 2 ways to rinse your nose. The first method is relevant when initial stages runny nose when there are no symptoms of illness from other organs. To rinse, the child needs to take the solution into his right palm and close one nostril with the fingers of his left hand. Then you should tilt your head down and draw in the liquid with your free nostrils. After this, you need to spit out the solution and repeat the manipulation with the other nostril.

Second method ( deep) rinsing the nose is advisable when the runny nose progresses. This method can also be used to treat runny nose in young children, because its main actions are carried out by adults. The procedure is carried out in several stages.

The stages of deep nasal rinsing for a runny nose are as follows:

• To rinse the nose, the child should lower his head down, and one of the parents should inject the solution into the nasal cavity using a special device. To administer the solution, you can use a medical syringe, a small syringe, or a rinsing kit ( sold in pharmacies).
• The solution is injected without strong pressure into the right nostril. The child's mouth should be open and his tongue should stick out forward. An adult should definitely supervise this moment, as otherwise the child may choke on liquid.
• Manipulation should be continued until the liquid poured into the nose reaches the oral cavity. After this, the child should spit out the solution and blow his nose.
• Then you should repeat the manipulation for the left nostril.

• You should rinse your nose as mucus accumulates. Be sure to carry out the procedure before bedtime so that the child falls asleep better.
• The child should be fed before rinsing, as this will eliminate food particles deposited on the mucous membrane of the throat, which can aggravate the inflammatory process. After the session, you should abstain from eating for 1 – 2 hours.
• The best effect is obtained by alternating different solutions, since each product has a special effect. If it’s time to rinse your nose, but there is no ready-made solution, you can rinse the mucous membrane with clean water.
• Water for rinsing ( both for use in pure form and for preparing solutions) it is better to use distilled. If this is not available, it can be replaced with filtered or boiled water.
• The temperature of the solution should be approximately 37 degrees. Hotter liquids can cause burns, and colder liquids can cause a decrease in local immunity.
• You should not prepare rinsing compositions for future use. Each time it is necessary to use a fresh, just prepared solution.
• The total duration of one procedure should be at least 5 minutes, during which 50 - 100 milliliters of solution should be used.
• When rinsing, you should not strain your muscles too much, make sudden movements with your head, or sniff the solution too vigorously through your nose. The fluid pressure should be moderate, otherwise it may penetrate into the middle ear or paranasal sinuses.

To prepare decoctions for washing, the following are most often used:

• Calendula. Calendula solution has bactericidal effect, and also reduces inflammation in the tissues of the nose.
• Sage. Disinfects the mucous membrane and makes the mucous contents more loose, as a result of which it is eliminated faster.
• Coltsfoot. Stimulates local immunity, which promotes more rapid recovery fabrics.
• St. John's wort. Suppresses the activity of harmful microorganisms and increases barrier function nasal mucosa.
• Chamomile. It stops the inflammatory process and also reduces pain, as it has an analgesic effect.
• Oak bark. Due to the enveloping and astringent action produces an anesthetic ( anesthetic) Effect.

Products from which a rinsing solution can be prepared are:

• Salt ( cook or sea). Use 2 teaspoons of salt per 250 milliliters of water. The saline solution removes fluid from the tissues, resulting in reduced swelling.
• Soda ( food). A teaspoon per glass of water. Soda solution promotes the formation alkaline environment, which is unfavorable for pathogenic microorganisms.
• Honey ( natural). The solution is prepared from a teaspoon of honey and a glass of water. Softens mucous membranes and acts as antimicrobial agent. When using honey, you should be careful, as this product often provokes allergies.
• Lemon fresh ( fresh juice). Due to the large amount of vitamin C, it increases the resistance of tissues to the action of microbes. Prepare a solution of 2 parts juice and 3 parts water.

Nasal instillation for a runny nose in children

Rules drinking regime
To bring the drink maximum benefit, when preparing and drinking tea, you should follow some rules.

The rules for drinking when a child has a runny nose are as follows:

• the daily fluid intake for a child is determined at the rate of 100 milliliters per 1 kilogram of weight;
• in order not to put a strain on the kidneys, the entire volume of liquid should be distributed evenly throughout the day;
• the drink should not have a pronounced sour or sweet taste;
• The temperature of the drink should be 40 - 45 degrees.

Rules for preparing a single serving ( 250 milliliters) drinks are as follows:

• To prepare a remedy from medicinal herbs, add a teaspoon of the raw material to water, the temperature of which is not higher than 80 degrees. The tea should be consumed 15 to 20 minutes after it has steeped and cooled.
• If the drink is prepared from fresh fruits or berries, they must be mashed to a pulp and filled with water no hotter than 50 degrees. Take a tablespoon of fruit or berry mixture per glass of water.
• If the recipe specifies juice as the main component, it should be mixed with water in a 1:1 ratio.

Heat compresses for runny noses in children

Rules for performing a compress
The compress should be made in accordance with a number of rules, failure to comply with which can significantly worsen the child’s condition.

The rules for applying compresses for a runny nose are as follows:

• The procedure cannot be performed if the body temperature exceeds 36.6 degrees. Also, you should not apply a compress if a runny nose is a symptom of purulent tonsillitis.
• The application should be applied to the area of ​​the bridge of the nose and maxillary sinuses. Also, when you have a runny nose, use heat compresses to warm your feet.
• Compresses are not recommended for children under 2 years of age.

The types and methods of preparing compresses for a runny nose in children are as follows:

• Potato. You need to boil a few potatoes, then make a puree from them, to which you should add 2 tablespoons vegetable oil and 2 – 3 drops of iodine.
• Curd. Fresh granular cottage cheese should be placed under a press to drain all the liquid. After this, the cottage cheese needs to be heated, placed in gauze, formed into a cake and used for a compress.
• Rye. Prepare a homogeneous mass from rye flour and honey and heat it in a water bath. From the resulting dough you need to form cakes and use them to warm your feet and nose.

Snot in children is a condition in which the nasal mucosa becomes inflamed and the child stops breathing normally. Among all ENT diseases, snot dominates in children 5-6 years old. They account for 30% of all diseases of the ENT organs. Recurrences of a runny nose occur 3 to 8 times a year.

Frequent runny nose sometimes affects the development of children at this age. The child is constantly lethargic, lacks initiative, and does not want to play. In addition, complications such as otitis media, bronchitis, sinusitis, bronchial asthma and others are possible. Therefore, snot should not be ignored, especially when it becomes chronic.

Causes of snot

The most common causes of snot are viral and adenoviral infections, flu, bacteria, allergens. At bacteriological cultures Staphylococcus is predominantly cultured from the nasal passages.

There is currently controversy over its treatment. One part of doctors is inclined to be persistent and complex treatment, the other - only for restoration own strength body (immunity).

Sometimes children become infected with chlamydia, mycoplasma, and even Koch's bacillus (the causative agent of tuberculosis). All of these infections may have symptoms of runny nose and conjunctivitis.

If children have a strong immune system, bacteria and viruses die immediately as soon as they get on the nasal mucosa. When the body is weakened, the nasal mucosa cannot “fight” the infection, and it spreads further, causing snot in children.

The causes of persistent runny nose in children 5-6 years old may be adenoids, deviated nasal septum, chronic tonsillitis, foreign bodies, vaccination, long-term treatment nasal drops and others.

Symptoms of snot in a child 5-6 years old

A runny nose develops quickly at this age. Initial symptoms are tickling, itching, sneezing. Then transparent mucous discharge, nasal congestion, lacrimation, impaired sense of smell, and headaches appear. Irritation occurs on the wings of the nose and in the area of ​​the upper lip due to the constant leakage of mucus.

Prolonged runny nose reduces local immunity and promotes the addition of bacterial flora. Then the mucous discharge changes color and consistency. The snot becomes thick, cloudy, acquires a yellowish tint, and sometimes has a rich green color.

If the snot has become thicker and has acquired a light yellow color, this indicates that the inflammatory process has subsided, which usually ends by the 8th day of the disease.

When rich yellow and green snot appears, one should suspect an inflammatory process in maxillary sinuses, especially when such a runny nose is accompanied by fever.

A long-lasting runny nose with clear and milky snot may indicate an allergy.

Treatment of snot in a 5 year old child

Treatment of a runny nose begins with identifying the cause of the disease. If you have an allergic runny nose, you should first eliminate contact with the allergen, then the runny nose will stop quickly.

Children of this age know how to blow their nose, so they have no problems with cleansing the mucous membranes. The main thing is to remove swelling of the mucous membrane in a timely manner with saline solutions or other drugs prescribed by the doctor.

If you cannot quickly get rid of the allergen, then you should use drugs with cromoglycic acid: lomudal, cromoglin, cromosol and others. You can use antihistamine (antiallergic) drops: vibrocil, allergodil. Sometimes antiallergic tablets are prescribed along with the drops - loratadine, diazolin, tavegil, claritin.

With prolonged allergic rhinitis, it is necessary to check the child for intestinal dysbiosis. To do this, stool is tested for dysbacteriosis with an antibiogram. Elimination of intestinal dysbiosis helps eliminate allergic snot.

A viral runny nose must be treated by destroying the virus and relieving symptoms. Typically, pediatricians prescribe antiviral drugs: arbidol, anaferon and others.

For viral infections, drops are used: Genferon-Lite and Gripferon. Human interferon, which these drugs contain, increases local immunity, and the nasal mucosa begins to adsorb viruses.

To improve nasal breathing, when a child’s nose is “clogged”, you can use drops such as rhinazoline, nazol kids, nazivin and others.

Antibacterial drops are prescribed only by a pediatrician or otolaryngologist (ENT).

Traditional methods of treating snot in a five-year-old child

For allergic rhinitis, homeopathic remedies give good results: allium flail, dulcamara, apis and others. To pick up the right drug for a child, seek help from a qualified homeopath.

At viral etiology(cause) of a runny nose, good results are obtained by inhaling phytoncides: onions and garlic. You can prepare a paste from these vegetables and simply breathe over them. Such inhalations perfectly suppress the spread of viruses.

To eliminate viruses, they resort to instilling aloe juice into each nostril (two drops three times a day). This treatment lasts no more than 3-4 days.

To destroy viruses, you can prepare a homemade decoration. Make a pendant from a clove of garlic. To do this, use a thick needle and strong thread. Pierce a large clove of garlic with a needle and pull the thread through. You will get a garlic decoration on a string. The child will be happy to wear it around his neck.

Instilling juices of beets and Kalanchoe cleanses the nose well. All juices are instilled two drops into each nostril. Three instillations per day are enough.

How to treat a runny nose in children - an interview with a doctor

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