What are the dangers of frequent use of antibiotics? The other side of the coin. Negative effects on the kidneys

Estimated reading time: 5 minutes

IN modern world It is impossible to do without the help of antibiotics. Statistical data indicate that in pediatric practice antibiotics are prescribed in 70-75% of cases of treatment for various various diseases. With such a frequency of use, many parents are concerned about the harm antibiotics can cause to children, and how they can be prevented. frequent use antibiotics in children.

Antibiotics for children - harm or benefit?

Give a clear answer to this a rhetorical question impossible, since everything depends on many related factors:

• competent prescription of the drug ( the right choice groups of antibiotics, dosage and duration of treatment) for a specific disease;
• compliance with all recommendations regarding the time of taking antibiotics;
• presence of concomitant diseases.

When is it impossible to do without antibiotics?

All mothers can be divided into 2 groups (according to their attitude towards antibacterial drugs):

• The first group blindly supports the erroneous belief that any childhood disease can be cured without the help of antibiotics. For them, these drugs act as a kind of monster that devours the baby’s immunity and gastrointestinal tract. Very often, such young ladies, having heard the word “antibiotic”, begin to be horrified and surprised: “How is that possible? For what? You don’t need this!” After this, be prepared to listen to a lecture about the dangers of antibiotics for children and a stream of advice on how to treat toddlers without resorting to these drugs.
• The second group of mothers are ardent adherents of antibiotic therapy who are ready to treat a common runny nose with strong antibiotics. They argue their position by the fact that only these drugs help their children recover quickly.

We would like to draw your attention to the fact that the positions described above are fundamentally erroneous and you should not go to such extremes. The effect of antibiotics on children's body very multifaceted, but there are situations when it is impossible to do without these drugs:

• during the course of the disease in acute form(purulent inflammatory processes, pneumonia, pyelonephritis);
• V certain cases during exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• period after surgery;
• in the presence of bacterial infection;
• in case of relapses (if after recovery the symptoms of the disease recur again) of certain diseases;
• in the presence of mixed infection;
• in case of infectious conditions that threaten the baby’s life;
• with certain changes in general analysis blood (high white blood cell count and shift leukocyte formula left).

For “antibiotic therapy lovers,” it must be emphasized once again that antibiotics do not affect viruses and do not help lower body temperature, so self-medicate and take them “for prevention.” possible complications"Absolutely not worth it.

How do antibiotics affect children's bodies?

Antibiotics are excellent in treating infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. If you have diseases that are caused by the above pathogens, there is no way to cope without the help of antibiotics.

The harm of antibiotics to a child’s body (to one degree or another) manifests itself in the following situations:

• When the wrong drug is chosen. Very often, parents, in case of illness of their beloved baby, do not always rush to consult a doctor. Having seen familiar (or similar) symptoms of the disease, they independently prescribe treatment for the child, based on previous experience. Typically, such “treatment” ends with certain complications and even hospitalization of the baby.
• When not followed required duration treatment. As a rule, antibiotics are prescribed for a course of 5 to 10 days (in some situations up to 14 days). A fairly common occurrence is the cancellation of treatment on the 2-3rd day of taking an antibiotic. Mothers explain their position with the only justification: “The child has gotten better! Now he is already running, jumping and his temperature is within normal limits. Why stuff him with chemicals?” And they stop treatment at the stage of visible improvement. Usually, after a few days, they visit the doctor again with previous complaints and symptoms. But the child’s condition after such “amateur activity” already requires more serious treatment.
• When an antiallergic drug is prescribed along with an antibacterial drug. Antibiotics, like any other pharmaceuticals, can cause an allergic reaction. That is why it is very irrational to take antibiotics and antihistamines together. In this situation, you will never know whether a certain antibiotic is suitable for your toddler or not.
• When a child takes antibiotics too often . Now many people will have a question: “Often – how is that?” The concept is a bit loose. Let's find out what experts think about the frequency of taking antibiotics. Pediatricians say that if the baby takes antibacterial drugs(if really necessary, following all the recommendations) 2-4 times a year, then this treatment should not cause much harm to his body. Serious negative consequences can occur if these drugs are prescribed more frequently (monthly or more than 5-6 times a year) without proper rehabilitation therapy.

Consequences of misuse of antibiotics

Experts say that the negative consequences of taking antibacterial drugs occur in 85-90% of cases with uncontrolled self-medication. This irresponsible attitude towards taking antibiotics is the reason:

• development of allergic reactions;
• dysfunction of the digestive tract;
• intensive growth of fungal flora;
• resistance of infectious agents to antibiotic therapy.

Basic rules for antibiotic treatment

Sticking to elementary rules taking antibiotics, you can easily avoid the appearance adverse reactions in the baby:

• Treatment with antibiotics should only be carried out as prescribed by a pediatrician.
• It is necessary to strictly follow the recommended course of treatment and dosage of the drug.
• If possible, before prescribing an antibiotic, it is advisable to test bacterial culture(to select the most effective drug).
• Antibiotics must be taken with a sufficient amount (100-150 ml) of regular boiled water. Milk, juices and teas are not suitable for this purpose, as they can interfere with the absorption of the drug, which will cause a lack of therapeutic effect.
• Upon admission antibacterial agents It is recommended to take medications that help restore intestinal microflora.

How to restore your baby's body after taking antibiotics

Taking antibacterial drugs most often has Negative influence on the child's gastrointestinal tract. This shows up:

• symptoms of dysbiosis (bloating, abdominal pain, upset and poor appetite);
• intensive growth of fungal microflora (manifestation of stomatitis and thrush);
• the appearance of allergy symptoms (rash).

In connection with the above, rehabilitation therapy is aimed at normalizing digestive function and minimizing the manifestations allergic symptoms. For this purpose, experts recommend:

• Taking probiotics - drugs that contain bacteria beneficial to the intestines (Linex, Enterozermina, Laktovit forte, Hillak).
• Compliance dietary nutrition. This point is necessary to unload the body’s enzyme system. During the course of antibiotic therapy, it is necessary to exclude heavy foods (fatty and fried foods) from the baby’s diet. The child's menu should be rich fresh fruit and vegetables, as well as fermented milk products to help the little body recover faster.
• If symptoms of candidiasis appear (stomatitis, manifestations of thrush), immediately consult a doctor to prescribe the necessary antifungal treatment.

Antibiotics are quite powerful healing power in the hands of a competent specialist. Do not be afraid of antibacterial agents, and avoid taking them at all costs. In most situations, these drugs can save the health and even the life of your baby! Strictly follow all the pediatrician’s recommendations and take care of your little one’s health!

Hello everyone, Olga Ryshkova is with you. Doctors prescribe antibiotics to treat illnesses caused by bacteria, such as some infections respiratory tract, skin infections and infected wounds. These drugs block vital important processes in bacteria, either kill them or stop their reproduction. This helps our natural immune system fight infection.

Different antibiotics work differently against bacteria. For example, penicillin destroys cell walls bacteria, and erythromycin stops the construction of protein in bacteria.

Proper use of antibiotics has important For timely treatment various infections, but they can have side effects that cause other temporary health problems. Some of them may even cause more serious illnesses. What harm do antibiotics (i.e., antibacterial drugs) do to the human body?

Here are 10 consequences of the harmful effects of antibiotics on children and adults.

1. Diarrhea and constipation.

These are two common side effects of antibiotic use. Antibacterial drugs do not understand which bacteria are bad and which are good and upset the balance of intestinal flora, killing the necessary microorganisms along with infectious ones. This leads to antibiotic-associated diarrhea or constipation. These include cephalosporins, clindamycin, penicillin and fluoroquinolones.

The use of probiotics is effective in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and constipation. To prevent or treat this side effect, add probiotic yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut into your diet.

2. Nausea and vomiting.

Many people experience nausea and vomiting when taking antibiotics such as penicillin and metronidazole. These symptoms occur when antibacterial medications kill some of the good bacteria living in your intestines. Abdominal bloating, nausea and vomiting occur, which are usually mild and transient. In this case, you can eat probiotic yogurt and drink ginger tea.

3. Vaginal fungal infections.

Candida fungus and other microorganisms living in a woman’s vagina are harmless if naturally balanced. Antibiotics such as clindamycin and tetracycline, used to treat infections, change the natural balance toward increasing fungi, killing beneficial bacteria. This leads to the development of a fungal infection. Its symptoms are copious, white vaginal discharge, burning and itching. For treatment, the doctor prescribes antifungal drugs.

4. Allergic reactions.

Some people are allergic to antibiotics such as penicillin and cephalosporins. Allergic reactions may include symptoms such as hives, skin rash, itching, swelling, shortness of breath, wheezing, runny nose, fever and anaphylaxis.

In addition, research shows a connection between harmful effects antibiotics to the fetus during pregnancy or childhood and subsequent asthma. Minimize your use of antibiotics and stay away from those you are allergic to. Report any adverse reactions to your doctor so he can change the drug.

5. Weakening of the immune system.

Friendly bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract form a significant part of the body's immunity. Antibacterial drugs indiscriminately kill beneficial and harmful bacteria and them long-term use significantly reduces efficiency immune system, thereby increasing the risk of developing secondary bacterial infections. Instead, include foods with antibiotic properties in your diet, such as ginger, yogurt, oregano, grapefruit, turmeric and garlic.

6. Risk of developing cancer.

Excessive use of antibiotics can cause oxidative stress and increases the risk of developing certain types of cancer - colon, breast, liver. Remember that antibiotics do not treat viral infections (flu, ARVI, herpes) and do not take them unless absolutely necessary.

7. Damage to kidney function.

Some antibacterial drugs such as methicillin, vancomycin, sulfonamides, gentamicin, fluoroquinolones, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, streptomycin may be harmful to your kidneys. Studies have found an increased risk of acute kidney injury in men taking fluoroquinolones.

The kidneys remove unnecessary substances, regulate the balance of water and minerals in the blood, even slight damage to them can cause serious problems. if you have renal pathology, inform your doctor about it so that your medication can be adjusted. And if you notice changes in urination, swelling, nausea and vomiting while taking antibiotics, consult your doctor.

8. Urinary tract infections.

Antibiotics used to treat some diseases may cause infections urinary tract(UTI), especially in children. They often destroy beneficial bacteria living nearby urethra and promote the growth of dangerous microorganisms in urinary tract And bladder. UTIs can be prevented by practicing good personal hygiene.

9. Diseases of the inner ear.

All members of the aminoglycoside family of antibiotics are toxic to inner ear, where the drug can enter through the circulatory system or by diffusion from the middle ear to the inner ear. There is a higher risk of ototoxicity when using aminoglycosides in those who use drugs. Symptoms of ototoxicity include partial or profound hearing loss, dizziness and tinnitus (temporary or permanent).

10. Reduced effectiveness of birth control pills.

If you are taking birth control pills, rifampicin, or similar drugs may reduce their effectiveness. This is confirmed by research. While taking antibiotics, if you need to use contraception, ask your gynecologist to suggest other methods of contraception, such as progestogen injections, intrauterine devices.

How to take antibiotics without harm to health.

• Remember that side effects vary from person to person. different people and from various antibiotics.
• Drink plenty of water while taking antibacterial medications to avoid dehydration.
• Avoid alcohol and caffeine.
• Avoid spicy food, switch to soft diets.
• Do not take medications without a doctor's prescription.
• Complete the entire course of treatment so that your body receives the required dosage.
• Never take medications left over from a course of treatment.
• Do not take antibiotics prescribed for someone else. Your infecting bacteria may be different from those for which the medicine was recommended.
• Don't pressure your doctor to prescribe you antibiotics for get well soon. Instead, ask about methods to relieve symptoms.
• Use natural antibiotic products such as ginger, yogurt, honey, oregano, grapefruit, turmeric, garlic to fight infections.

Modern medicine cannot be imagined without antibiotics, and the names of these drugs can increasingly be read in doctors’ prescriptions. At the same time, antibiotics have a bad reputation: many people consider them too dangerous and therefore try to avoid their use at all costs. Others, on the contrary, do not pay due attention to the side effects of antibiotics and abuse them. How to determine in which cases it is necessary to take antibiotics, and in which it is better to abstain from them? How dangerous are these drugs, and how to avoid them? adverse reactions? You will find answers to these and other questions in our article.

Antibiotic: a cure for all diseases or poison?

Many antibiotics are selectively targeted at certain microbial structures that have no close analogues in our body. Despite this, the toxic potential of many antibiotics is great enough to harm humans.

Usually you have to choose between the risk of using an antibiotic and the risk of inadequate treatment infectious disease with all the ensuing complications. In such a situation, the choice of doctors is far from clear. In many cases, infections occur in pregnant women, nursing mothers, or children early age, or in patients with chronic diseases, doctors prohibit the use of antibiotics.

In what cases is the use of antibiotics necessary?

Antibiotics are designed to fight bacteria and therefore their use should be limited to the treatment and prevention of various bacterial infections.

The use of antibiotics in the treatment of certain diseases (pneumonia, infections genitourinary system, purulent inflammation skin, sexually transmitted infections, etc.) goes without saying, but in the case of other diseases, the need to use antibiotics can be argued. A classic example of such diseases is the common cold. Should antibiotics be used if there are any signs of infection? It is impossible to answer this question unambiguously. Infection is different, and therefore the treatment of each case of the disease should be based on real picture diseases. The culprits of most cases of colds, for example, are viruses, against which antibiotics are absolutely powerless, however, as the disease develops, viral infection bacterial is attached and therefore in this case antibiotics can be used.

The main signs of a bacterial infection are:

• Prolonged and persistent increase in temperature;
• Repeated deterioration general condition the patient after a short period of improvement;
• Purulent discharge;
• Specific changes in blood composition (leukocytosis - increase in the number of leukocytes).

The decision to use antibiotics should not be made independently. Be sure to consult with your doctor about the use of any antibiotics.

For whom are antibiotics really dangerous?

1. For which groups of patients are antibiotics really dangerous and can only be used in exceptional cases? And
2. In what cases is the risk of using antibiotics increased?

It would be correct to begin the answer to the first question by noting that the toxic effect of an antibiotic depends not only on its chemical structure, dose or route of administration. An important factor determining the danger of using antibiotics is individual characteristics the patient's body, his condition. Based on this, several groups of patients and conditions with high risk use of antibiotics. So, states with increased risk antibiotic use is:

• Pregnancy - serves absolute contraindication for the use of the vast majority of antibiotics.
  The risk of antibiotic treatment during pregnancy is determined on the one hand negative impact antibiotics on the developing fetus, and on the other hand hypersensitivity body of the expectant mother to any kind chemicals. The dangers of using antibiotics during pregnancy are greatest in the first trimester of pregnancy.
  The ban on antibiotics during pregnancy still sometimes has to be broken. For example, if pneumonia or other dangerous disease threatening the lives of mother and child. In such cases, doctors try to use antibiotics with the least possible toxic effect on the fetus (some macrolide antibiotics, penicillins).
• Lactation relative contraindication for the use of antibiotics. Treatment with antibiotics immediately after childbirth or some time after birth is very common. The reason for this is various postpartum complications of an infectious nature. At the same time, it is reliably known that many antibiotics are able to actively penetrate into mother's milk and accumulate in it in quantities dangerous to the child. If it is necessary to use antibiotics during breastfeeding - The best way keeping a child safe means giving up breastfeeding for the duration of treatment. Refusal of breastfeeding should be extended for another 2-3 after the end of treatment, since some antibiotics accumulate in the body and are finally eliminated within a few days.
• Childhood. Can only be used in children certain groups antibiotics. Penicillins, cephalosporins, and macrolides are best tolerated. At the same time, the use of tetracyclines and sulfonamides is strictly prohibited. Aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol and others strong antibiotics can be used only for special indications (lack of effect from treatment with safer drugs).
• Patients with renal or liver failure. Before prescribing a course of antibiotics, it is important to check the condition of the kidneys and liver. These organs actively accumulate and process antibiotics and therefore the toxic effect of these drugs in these organs is maximum. Taking antibiotics can aggravate the condition of patients with chronic kidney and liver diseases. Therefore, contraindications for the use of antibiotics are acute and chronic diseases kidneys and liver (pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, hepatitis), also renal and liver failure. In the case of such patients, it is preferable to use antibiotics with low toxic effects (penicillins, cephalosporins).
• Individual intolerance to antibiotics. Most often, individual intolerance to antibiotics manifests itself as allergies. In some patients, the risk of developing an allergic reaction is so great that the use of this type of antibiotic is completely excluded. When visiting a doctor, it is important to report any existing allergies. It is also important to take into account the fact that in some cases there may be cross allergy: for example, if you are intolerant to penicillins, an allergy can also develop to related cephalosporins.

The dangers of using antibiotics, however, do not end there. In patients without direct contraindications to the use of antibiotics, serious adverse reactions may occur if:

• Violations of the dosage regimen prescribed by the doctor. Using too large doses of antibiotics "to make them stick" healing effect“can be combined with an increase in their toxicity and therefore can cause damage to the liver and kidneys. On the other hand, the use of too small doses of antibiotics not only does not defeat the infection, but also contributes to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. To achieve maximum therapeutic effect and reduce the risk of adverse reactions, try to follow the treatment regimen prescribed by a doctor you trust.
• The use of expired antibiotics is fraught with poisoning, since the toxicity of many antibiotics increases sharply after their expiration date or storage in unsuitable conditions. Before starting treatment, make sure that the drug is suitable and do not use drugs whose quality you doubt.
• Combining antibiotics with certain medications may reduce their effectiveness or increase their toxicity. To avoid these and other side effects, tell your doctor about all the medications you use, and do not use other medications without first consulting your doctor.

How to prevent the development of adverse reactions associated with the use of antibiotics?

Other complications that occur even with correct use antibiotics (for example, intestinal dysbiosis) require parallel treatment. To correct intestinal dysbiosis, for example, drugs from the group of probiotics are used.

If any adverse reactions or deterioration of the condition occur during antibiotic treatment, you should immediately notify your doctor.

Bibliography:

1. I.M. Abdullin Antibiotics in clinical practice, Salamat, 1997
2. Katsunga B.G Basic and clinical pharmacology, Binom; St. Petersburg: Nev. Dialect, 2000.

Antibiotics that have wide range actions is a concept that has become very firmly established in everyday life modern man. Each of us simply cannot imagine our lives without these medications. But despite this, in our society there is a visible great amount diametrically opposed points of view on the question of antibiotics: how and when they should be used, and how they affect the human body, and whether they cause damage to it?

Benefit or harm?

The answers to the questions asked above can be boiled down to two opposites. There is a group of the population that believes that antibiotics are extremely dangerous substance, synthesized chemically and negatively affecting the condition of the human body, causing significant damage to its immunity, digestive organs and microflora of the gastrointestinal tract. According to them, our protective forces must independently cope with pathogens of a wide variety of diseases, without external intervention and the use of antibiotics.

Their opponents are sure of the opposite; they believe that antibiotics are a real panacea. Such people have home medicine cabinet there are always several different types medications of this type and they begin to be taken immediately after the first signs of illness appear.

Neither point of view can be considered absolutely correct. It's safe to say that common cold It will pass without antibiotics, but pneumonia is very difficult to cure without them. Previously, when our ancestors did not know about antibiotics, many ailments became the cause fatal outcome, and now they can be cured in a couple of days. There is no need to deny this obvious fact. It is also always worth remembering that it was thanks to human achievements, including in the field of medicine, that he began to live longer and more comfortably.

Operating principle. Classification

Antibiotics only affect processes occurring in cells pathogenic microorganism, they are not able to affect human cells. These drugs have a strict classification depending on the effect they have on vital functions.

Some of the antibiotics are designed to suppress the synthesis of the outer membrane of the bacterial cell, which is simply absent in the human body. These are drugs such as cephalosporins, penicelin series, etc.

Another group of drugs almost completely stops complete protein synthesis inside bacterial cells. These are antibiotics of the tetracycline series, aminoglycosides and macrolides. These are stronger antibiotics.

In addition, drugs are divided not only according to their principle of action on microorganisms, but also according to antibacterial activity. This criterion is always indicated in the annotation for the medicine.

There are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are active against various bacteria. Others are narrowly targeted and act only on certain groups of pathogens.

Effect on viruses

Antibiotics cannot have any effect on viruses, since these organisms have a completely different structure than bacteria and also function differently. Modern medicine I still haven’t learned how to effectively deal with viruses, and all known antiviral drugs are not effective enough.

Resistance

Quite often, doctors are faced with a situation where those antibiotics that previously acted quite successfully do not bring any visible relief to the patient when they are used again. This situation is explained by the fact that all living organisms, including bacteria, have a unique ability to adapt to various unfavorable factors external environment. A striking example of this possibility is the developed resistance (resistance) of bacteria to certain antibiotics. It has been scientifically proven that any type of pathogenic organism can develop resistance over time to even the most strong drugs.

In this case, the rate of development of resistance largely depends on the dosage of the drug. Pharmacologists have to regularly work on creating new and new drugs. Now many doctors say that if antibiotics continue to be prescribed without exception, in twenty years humanity will face problems in treating serious diseases. But such drugs are often a real salvation for children. This is why you should not consume antibiotics at your own discretion. There is no reason to deprive yourself of their power of action for a truly important occasion.

Rules of application

It is very important to correctly prescribe antibiotics. Of course, if the patient is in a hospital with very serious illness, for example, meningitis or pneumonia, then the use of a medicine of this type is simply necessary and should not be subject to any discussion or doubt. But it should be borne in mind that in conditions of stationary observation it is possible to constantly monitor a person’s condition. This includes special laboratory research, and 24-hour medical supervision.

If the situation is the opposite - home treatment and minor illness, then responsibility for the use of medications falls on the shoulders of the patient himself or his parents.

Antibiotics are often used for various infections respiratory tract, however, this is not always justified, because on average, each child suffers about six such diseases per year. You should not self-medicate; it is important to trust a qualified doctor. Antibiotics cannot cure a runny nose and cough; they only destroy the causative agents of the disease.

Conclusion

Despite all the freedom of life that antibiotics give people, it is important to remember that the use of any medicine based on them, like any other, should be used exclusively as prescribed and under the supervision of a doctor.

Antibiotic (antibiotic) Translated from Latin “Against life”.

In fact, antibiotics were created to suppress the reproduction and growth of protozoan microorganisms, which are precisely pathogenic bacteria. High concentration substances affecting cells cannot but affect the body, but when we're talking about about treatment dangerous disease, it is better to soberly assess the risk-benefit ratio of antibiotics.

By strictly following the rules for taking antibiotics, you can quickly cope with the disease, while the damage to your overall health will be minimal. On the contrary, uncontrolled use of drugs is dangerous, so having an idea of ​​the benefits and harms of antibacterial substances is especially important.

Harm

Antibiotics: harm to the body

Probably, few of us think that humans live in a world of bacteria. They live both outside and inside us. Antibiotics really do hurt swipe against pathogenic bacteria, but at the same time they also cause irreparable harm for the whole body.

The first antibiotics were natural origin, they were obtained from molds– penicillin, biomycin. And they had a narrow spectrum of action and did not affect beneficial microflora. They did not cause damage to the body, since its microflora was already adapted to the substances they contained - for example, moldy food products.

Antibiotics of the new generation are being developed synthetically; they have a wide spectrum of action, but kill almost all bacteria - there is not a selective, but a total elimination of almost all bacteria in the body (including beneficial microflora). But at the same time, pathogenic microflora very quickly adapts to such antibiotics; literally after 2-3 months new strains appear that are resistant to these antibiotics.

The beneficial microflora is restored much more slowly, and it turns out that we only cause damage to our body by killing the intestinal microflora, which is integral part our immunity. The macro organism lives in symbiosis with this microflora and practically cannot exist without it.

Thus, taking antibiotics interferes with natural microflora, resulting in a sharp decline in immunity. And then, there is an easy opportunity for many pathogens to penetrate the body - this is how a person gets sick with serious diseases. Therefore, after treatment with synthetic antibiotics, the body becomes practically unprotected from various dangerous pathogens.

Side effects from antibiotics

They definitely have side effects, especially if you take artificial drugs. long time, which leads to complications and even death.

Antibiotics are designed to aggressively interfere with the life of microorganisms. Targeted accuracy of the effects of drugs on pathogenic bacteria– a goal of much research and development that has not yet been achieved. Therefore, taking antimicrobial agents has a number of side effects and can negatively affect health and well-being. The following consequences are considered especially serious:

• Malformations of the fetus during pregnancy, therefore taking antibiotics in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy is strictly prohibited and is possible only in extreme cases.
• Weakened immunity and health problems in infants, so antibiotics during natural feeding not prescribed.
• Irritation of the mucous membranes of the stomach, exacerbation of ulcerative and pre-ulcerative conditions, imbalance of microflora in the intestines.
• Disturbances in the functioning of the liver, kidneys and gall bladder due to individual intolerance to antibacterial components.
• Severe allergic reactions accompanied by severe itching, rashes, in in rare cases– swelling.
• Irregularities at work vestibular apparatus, disorders nervous system accompanied by auditory and visual hallucinations.

IN in some cases individual reactions may be observed on the part of the nervous and circulatory systems, liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract.

Synthetic hormonal drugs are especially dangerous. They destroy so much endocrine system that after taking them it will have to be restored for a long time natural means. They can cause complications the most important organs and body systems, causing serious harm to your health.

Under the influence of antibiotics, the body loses its ability to resist on its own. various infections. And besides them wide application led to the emergence of strains of bacteria resistant to these drugs. After all, doctors now prescribe such drugs at peak times. viral diseases.

Even some diapers are treated with antibiotic drugs.

Benefit

The benefits of antibiotics

Despite the harsh criticism of antibiotics, they are nevertheless considered one of the significant discoveries in human history. If before their invention people died from common cold, then today antibacterial drugs are able to cope with serious diseases that were previously considered incurable.

Pneumonia, tuberculosis, gastrointestinal infections, venereal diseases, blood poisoning and postoperative complications– correctly and timely prescribed antimicrobials will help cope with serious conditions, minimizing the risk of complications if possible.

Besides, modern antibiotics belonging to the group of synthetic ones, are created on the basis the latest developments: their use is relatively safe, and the concentration of active antibacterial components in one dose of the drug is calculated with the highest possible accuracy. When treated with some antimicrobials Even drinking alcohol is allowed, but it is still not recommended to take risks. Otherwise, the benefits of antibiotics can turn into harm.

Indications for the use of antibiotics

Taking antibacterial drugs is advisable for the following diseases:

• Infectious diseases of the nasopharynx: sinusitis, sinusitis, diphtheria, etc.
• Diseases skin and mucous membranes: furunculosis, severe types of acne, folliculitis.
• Diseases respiratory system: pneumonia, bronchotracheitis.
• Sexual infections caused by various pathogens.
• Diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.
• Enteritis and severe poisoning.

Contrary to popular belief, antibiotics are ineffective against influenza and acute respiratory viral infections because they fight bacteria, not viruses. They are prescribed to treat a bacterial infection associated with a viral disease, but only a doctor should do this.

Rules for taking antibiotics

If the attending physician considers the prescription of antibiotics justified and appropriate, the most important thing is to ensure that their use brings maximum benefit and minimum harm. To do this, regardless of the type of antibacterial drugs prescribed, it is advisable to follow the following recommendations:

• The same antibiotic can be produced in low and high doses, so when purchasing a medicine you should be careful and purchase the drug in doses strictly prescribed by your doctor.
• Before use, be sure to read the instructions: if you have diseases listed in the list of contraindications, you should consult a doctor for advice.
• Do not take the product on an empty stomach, so as not to increase irritation of the mucous membrane.
• Be sure to take antibiotics with water.
• Avoid drinking alcohol and taking absorbent and blood thinning medications.
• Even if the condition improves immediately, it is necessary to complete the course of treatment: bacteria that are not completely suppressed form resistance to the antibiotic, and in further treatment will turn out to be ineffective.
• For supporting normal microflora intestines, it is recommended to use probiotics, preparations with lactobacilli, immunomodulators and vitamin complexes.

Under conditions correct reception and compliance with all prescriptions, antibiotic treatment is likely to be effective. Under no circumstances should you prescribe antibacterial drugs yourself, so as not to harm yourself even more.

Fake antibiotics

Today, business is very common fake medicines, especially expensive and widely advertised drugs. Therefore, carefully check the availability of appropriate certificates so as not to buy a fake and cause serious harm to your health.

What does uncontrolled use of antibiotics lead to?

Many medical experts are increasingly talking about the dangers of mass use of antibiotics. Since, due to the rapid pace of development of viruses, there is a threat of the emergence of resistant flora that cannot be resisted by new antibiotic agents.

Most often, antibiotics are prescribed by doctors without justification. Antibiotics must be used strictly as directed and only for diseases where they are truly necessary.

Antibiotics in food

Synthetic antibiotics have become very difficult to avoid and even if you do not use them during outbreaks of viral diseases, you are unlikely to be able to do so in gastronomy. Nowadays they are used for heat treatment, sterilization, and filtration in many food products. This includes milk and meat, eggs, chicken, cheese, shrimp, and even honey.

Antibiotics are also widely used in the meat industry today to prevent animals from getting sick. So-called “growth hormones” - to increase the speed of growing livestock or poultry. Therefore, it would also be useful to be interested in what meat products you consume. It is advisable to purchase meat from farms that do not use synthetic hormonal drugs when raising animals.

ADDITIONALLY

Types of antibiotics

Today, doctors distinguish the following groups of antibacterial drugs:

• Penicillins.

Colonies of mold fungi with the same name serve as the material for the production of drugs. Capable of destroying the cell walls of bacteria and suppressing their vital activity. Antibiotics of this group penetrate deep into the body's cells and can effectively attack hidden pathogens. Significant disadvantages of the drug are rapid elimination from the body and the ability of microbes to develop resistance to penicillins.

• Cephalosporins.

Broad-spectrum drugs with a structure similar to penicillins. There are three generations of cephalosporins: 1st generation is used to treat diseases of the genitourinary system and upper respiratory tract; 2nd generation – for suppression gastrointestinal infections; 3rd generation – for suppression especially severe infections. The disadvantages of the drug include the ability to cause a severe allergic reaction.

• Macrolides.

They are distinguished by a complex cyclic structure. Capable of destroying bacterial structures responsible for protein synthesis, as a result of which the development and reproduction of microorganisms stops. Relatively safe and acceptable for long-term treatment, although over time microbes can develop resistance (resistance) to the antibiotic.

• Tetracyclines.

Their action is similar to macrolides, but due to low selectivity they can have a negative effect on cells human body. They are effective in treating a number of severe infections, but have many side effects, so they are most often used externally in the form of creams and ointments.

• Aminoglycosides.

They have a wide spectrum of action, but are most often used to suppress serious infectious processes associated with blood poisoning, infection of wounds and burns. Today they are used less and less due to high toxicity.

• Antifungal antibiotics.

Are different active influence on fungi, destroying the cell membrane and leading to their death. They quickly cause resistance in microorganisms, so they are gradually being replaced by highly effective synthetic drugs.

The same antibiotic may be sold under different commercial names, so before you buy all the drugs prescribed by your doctor, you should find out exactly whether they need to be taken as part of the same course or are given as replacement options.

Natural antibiotics

There are natural natural antibiotics in nature. There are many plants that contain antibiotic substances:

A widely used aspirin that has a thinning effect, in addition to positive properties, causes many side effects, causes a number of complications, as well as hidden bleeding. It can be replaced lemon juice and other natural remedies.