Severe jaw bruise what to do. Treatment of a bruise due to a strong blow to the jaw

It is well known that no person is immune from injury, and the most common is a bruise, and often this is a bruise of the upper or lower jaw. In adults and children, the damage has its own characteristics and can bring unpleasant consequences. And the treatment of a bruise on this part of the face has its own characteristics, because the jaw is responsible not only for aesthetics, but also for normal digestion.

Symptoms

First of all, it should be remembered that with a bruise there is no damage to the integrity of the bone and skin of the face.

It is from this that all subsequent symptoms are based, because the person complains of pain, which becomes stronger if you touch the site of the injury. There may be abrasions, soft tissues may swell, there may be redness, subcutaneous hemorrhages and bruises. A person cannot chew, yawn or speak normally, but he is capable of showing a grin, even though it causes pain. Lymph nodes may become enlarged and general malaise may develop.

In case of a bruise, the jaws, unlike a fracture, retain their anatomical connection with the bones of the skull.

With a bruise, the pain is not so severe, and gritting your teeth is quite possible; if you have a fracture, you will never be able to do this. The final point can be made by an x-ray or computed tomogram.

Treatment

No special treatment is required for a jaw bruise; everything can be limited to the first aid stage.

But, this option is only possible if the bones are intact, which is confirmed by an x-ray.

First, you need to apply cold to the damaged area, but if it is an item from the freezer, it is better to first wrap it in a towel. A bandage is also applied to the affected area, and if necessary, an analgesic tablet can be taken.

Consequences

Any injury leaves behind consequences, some of them pass without a trace, but there are others that can remain for life. So, if you do not consult a doctor on time, even with a banal bruise of the jaw, the result can be post-traumatic periostitis, deformation and long-term treatment.

In the area of the masticatory muscles, a bruise can lead to post-traumatic myositis or limited mobility of the lower jaw.

In a child, a bruise to the jaw, especially at the stage of its formation, can lead to the development of a malignant tumor (sarcoma). In this scenario, surgical intervention will be simply inevitable.

So, no matter what the injury is, it is better to show it to the dentist to make sure that everything will be fine. You shouldn’t use traditional medicine either; traditional medicine copes with this type of injury very successfully, leaving no consequences. It is better to approach the problem especially carefully if the injury occurred to a child.

Bruised jaw– this is a physical (mechanical) injury to the jaw without violating the integrity of the skin on the face and the structure of the bone tissue of the jaw, in contrast to incomplete or complete fractures or dislocations.

Bruised jaw is a very common injury accompanying injuries to the soft tissues of the face.

Bruises of the soft tissues of the maxillofacial area occur when the soft tissues of the face are mechanically impacted by a blunt heavy object or any hard surface. As a rule, this causes damage to small blood vessels and the formation of edema and hematomas, accompanied by pain.

If the impact on the soft tissues of the face is strong enough, it can cause contusion of the upper jaw or contusion of the lower jaw.

Causes and symptoms of jaw bruise

Basic causes of jaw bruise:

The nature and severity of a jaw injury depends on:

Characteristics of the object or surface with which the collision occurred (material, weight, speed of approach during a collision, etc.)
Collision areas
Conditions of the soft tissues of the face and jaw bone at the time of injury

Symptoms of a jaw bruise:

Pain in the area of injury, aggravated by physical impact on the area of injury
Changes in soft tissue in the area of injury (abrasions, swelling, redness, hematoma formation, etc.)
Difficulty chewing, yawning, speaking, etc.
Inflammation of the lymph nodes
General malaise

Unlike other jaw injuries (dislocation, fracture, incomplete or complete fracture), with a bruise the jaw maintains a stable connection with the bones of the skull.

Diagnosis and treatment

A jaw bruise is quite easily diagnosed by external signs.

A bruise of the upper jaw and a bruise of the lower jaw differ little from each other.

First aid for a bruised jaw, first aid is similar to that for other bruises and consists primarily of applying a tight bandage to the affected area of the face and applying cold compresses (ice, cold water, snow, etc.).

In the future, the jaw should be kept at rest until a favorable treatment outcome is achieved.

In no case should you use warm compresses, as this can lead to the development of inflammatory processes.

There is a danger that a bruised jaw may hide a more serious injury - a dislocation, fracture or even fracture of the jaw. Such injuries can also have consequences beyond the maxillofacial system (for example, concussion).

Clinically, the symptoms of a bruise and a jaw fracture are very similar in appearance.

Therefore, in the event of any more or less serious mechanical injury to the maxillofacial area, it is advisable to contact a medical institution and conduct an X-ray examination to avoid unwanted complications.

Perhaps after this, special, more complex treatment will be required and carried out.

Possible consequences of a jaw bruise

If a jaw bruise is not treated promptly, this injury can lead to serious complications.

In particular, neglected bruising of the jaw can lead to the development of post-traumatic periostitis with subsequent deformation of the jaw. This in turn will require more complex and lengthy treatment.

A bruise of the jaw in the area of the masticatory muscles can cause post-traumatic myositis (inflammation of bone tissue) or contracture (limited mobility of the jaw joints).

Particularly severe consequences can be caused by a bruised jaw in a child during the formation of the periosteum. In young children, a jaw bruise can cause the development of sarcoma (malignant tumor) and the need for surgical intervention.

Therefore, the fastest X-ray examination is so necessary, especially if first aid measures are ineffective and pain and discomfort persist.

No person is immune from jaw injury; the most famous pathology is jaw bruise (ICD-10 S00-S09). However, you can get injured at any age. Jaw bruises occur for various reasons: starting with disasters of varying levels of severity and ending with injuries from a blow acquired as a result of a street fight. A blow to the jaw affects the soft tissues of the face, blood arteries and capillaries. This leads to the formation of hematomas and edema. People feel severe pain and discomfort.

Causes

The main reasons leading to bruises and other injuries to the jaw include:

falling, bruising the jaw after a blow, or other contact with any hard surface, which occurs quickly and suddenly;
a fight - it can simply be children's fun or a serious showdown between adults;
an accident, for example, a fall from a bicycle, scooter, motorcycle, as well as all kinds of traffic accidents in which the blow fell on the front of the head.

Symptoms

A jaw bruise is an injury that occurs without disturbing the structure of the bones and the integrity of the facial skin. It is quite common and differs from a fracture in that with a bruise you can

Symptoms:

Pain appears at the site of injury, which increases with physical contact with the area of injury. For example, palpating the site of a bruise.
Swelling and redness develop. Abrasions or hematomas may appear at the site of the injury.
Difficulty eating. It is difficult to yawn, speak, etc. But a person can bare his teeth, even though it will cause pain.
Toothache also appears. It becomes brighter if you press on the teeth.
The lips may begin to bleed and become swollen.
It will be difficult to move your jaw.
If a person wears braces or dentures, wearing may become uncomfortable.
There is inflammation of the lymph nodes.

The person begins to feel a deterioration in his condition. Only an X-ray or computed tomogram can definitively determine whether a person has a jaw injury. This will also help identify which jaw is affected:

top;
lower

Trauma to the upper jaw can be dangerous. has a connection with the nose, eye sockets, maxillary sinus, and is also inseparable from the bones of the skull. Less dangerous is a bruise of the lower jaw (ICD-10 defines the code for this pathology as S00-S09).

First aid

How to provide proper first aid for a bruise? It has obvious symptoms:

change in skin tone;
severe pain appears;
the tissues begin to swell.

Cooling will be an elementary first aid for a bruised jaw, the ICD-10 code is S00-S09 - we have already named this pathology. As a cooling item, you can take anything - from a plastic bag with snow to a heating pad with ice water. A pressure bandage is required on top.

After this, it is important to keep the damaged jaw at rest and transport the patient to the trauma department as quickly as possible. When the victim complains of severe pain, it is allowed to give him a painkiller. Heating bandages for such injuries are strictly prohibited, as this will provoke the development of inflammation.

At the hospital, X-rays must be taken to accurately determine whether it is a fracture or a bruise. There is no other way to determine this. You also need to know that this injury is often accompanied by a concussion. It is necessary to undergo a medical examination to rule out serious jaw injuries, be it fractures or damage to the bones of the skull. Successful treatment of a jaw bruise at home is possible only when an accurate diagnosis is known and possible complications are prevented.

Treatment with medications

For jaw bruises, the victim is prescribed medicinal treatment, which consists of taking painkillers to relieve pain, as well as various anti-inflammatory medications for external use that relieve swelling and cyanosis. First of all, cold can help with such injuries. It not only relieves swelling, but also helps stop bleeding. Many ointments and gels have this effect. They are easy to use, quickly absorbed into the skin without staining clothes.

Eliminate pain

"Analgin";
"Ketorol";
"Nurofen";
"Sedalgin";
"NiseBral";
"Nimesil";
"Tempalgin".

External use

External agents prescribed for bruises:

"Ketonal";
"Fastum gel";
"Dolgit cream";
"Finalgon";
"Indomethacin".

Medicines containing heparin are very effective. It copes well with subcutaneous accumulations of blood and lymph, and also effectively relieves swelling. However, this drug has some contraindications.

People with poor blood clotting are prohibited from using such medications. Some gels contain horse chestnut extract, which is strictly contraindicated for pregnant women and people with kidney disease. Therefore, before using any medication, you must read the instructions for use.

Treatment with folk remedies

This type of elimination of the consequences of a jaw bruise is used in tandem with traditional medical treatment. The most famous types of treatment using folk remedies:

You need to apply plantain leaves, crushed wormwood leaves, and finely chopped onions to your jaw. All these pastes are applied as a compress to a bruise. As soon as this mass dries, it must be removed and a new one put on.
The most popular and effective method remains bodyaga; it is bought at a pharmacy, diluted with water to medium thickness and applied to the bruised jaw.
If there are bruises and bruises at the site of the injury, you need to use herbal tinctures infused with vodka in the form of compresses. Tinctures are suitable from the following plants: bearberry, knotweed, horsetail, bean shell, as well as birch leaves and blue cornflower. If they are not available in the form of alcohol tinctures in the pharmacy, you need to buy them in dry form, pour them into a container, grind them, add vodka and leave them in a dark place for several days.
To eliminate the consequences of a bruise, an ointment that you can make yourself is ideal. To do this, you need any fat (pork, chicken), add sea salt and chopped onions. The first task of the remedies used to treat a bruise is to relieve pain. The first day after receiving a bruise, you can only apply cold. And the next day you can apply various ointments, lotions and tinctures of medicinal herbs in the form of compresses.

The best tinctures and ointments

Folk tinctures and ointments that our ancestors used:

To get rid of pain, you need to prepare the following ointment. Mix nutria fat and hop cones. Apply to the affected part of the jaw. Within two days the pain goes away.
Take vodka and camphor. The lotions need to be soaked in the prepared product. After the bandage or cloth that you use in the form of gauze dries, you need to immediately wet it again.
Lotions made from tinctures or decoctions of mountain arnica. If there is no such infusion in the pharmacy, we buy a dry concentrate, boil water, and throw in the herb. Leave it, wait until it cools down, strain it and apply it to the sore spot.
Cabbage leaves relieve swelling and heat from the affected area. Just take a clean sheet and apply it to the site of impact.

All these medicinal methods from Mother Nature can be used only after a qualified examination by a doctor. If, after examination, he says that the bruise can be treated at home, only then can the means described above be used. And also, as prescribed by a doctor, you can alternate medications with lotions and herbal compresses.

Consequences

Like any damage, the described condition, if untimely and incorrectly treated, can cause extremely sad consequences and a rather sharp deterioration in well-being.

An neglected bruise can be a factor in the formation of post-traumatic periostitis, which subsequently provokes deformation. Correcting this pathology will become much more difficult, and therapy will take a lot of time.

Another undesirable consequence may be the development of post-traumatic myositis, which is an inflammation of bone tissue. Often, against the background of neglected bruises, a contracture is formed - a limitation of the natural mobility of the jaw joints.

These consequences can be especially severe if you receive a bruise in childhood. Directly during this period, the periosteum is formed in the body. If surgical intervention is not performed on time, the violation can provoke the formation of a malignant tumor - sarcoma.

Thus, in order to preserve your own health and eliminate all the unpleasant consequences of a bruise, you should correctly provide first emergency aid to the victim, make a high-quality diagnosis in a medical institution and apply the correct methods of treatment in a timely manner. If you follow absolutely all the doctor’s advice, the prognosis is almost always positive.

A jaw bruise is a mechanical injury without violating the integrity of the jaw skin and bone tissue on the face. In contrast to fractures and dislocations, in which the bone structure is disrupted and the skin is ruptured.
The most common injury to the maxillofacial area is a bruise of the jaw, accompanied by injuries to the soft facial tissues. Such a bruise occurs due to the impact of a heavy, blunt, hard object on the soft tissues.

As a result, small blood vessels are damaged, abrasions, swelling, redness and hematomas are formed with severe pain on palpation. It becomes difficult for a person with a damaged jaw to chew, yawn, or speak. Lymph nodes become inflamed. The patient experiences general malaise and weakness. However, the jaw is still firmly connected to the skull.

Symptoms of a dislocated jaw

With complete or incomplete dislocation, the patient cannot close his mouth on his own, experiencing severe pain when trying. The jaw is protruded or twisted. Speech is impaired. There is severe pain in the lower jaw, radiating to the temple.

Symptoms of a jaw fracture

When the jaw is fractured, the bones at the fracture site become mobile and can move. The bite changes, the teeth begin to loosen. Severe salivation appears. There is a clear speech impairment. The chewing process becomes difficult. Complex fractures can cause facial deformation. Severe swelling occurs in the area of the nose, cheekbones, and eyes. There may be hemorrhage in the eye area. The connection with the bones of the skull is broken. The person experiences headache, dizziness, nausea.

Possible consequences of a blow to the jaw

So, the clinical symptoms of any jaw injury are more or less similar. Therefore, in the event of an injury, it is necessary to immediately take an x-ray, which will differentiate the type of injury and prescribe adequate treatment.

If diagnosis and treatment are not followed, serious complications may occur.

Consequences of a bruise

The result of an neglected bruise can be post-traumatic with subsequent deformation of the jaw, which in turn will require long-term complex treatment.

As a result of a bruise in the area of the masticatory muscles, inflammation of the bone tissue can occur - post-traumatic myositis, as well as limitation of joint mobility.
Serious consequences can occur after a child’s jaw is bruised during the formation of its periosteum. As a result, sarcoma develops. In case of such a bruise, surgery is necessary.

Consequences of a fracture

The consequences of a fracture are just as serious. This is the probability of a pathological displacement of one row of teeth relative to another - either from bottom to top, or from front to back. Along the fracture line, gaps may form between the teeth. Jaw fragments are displaced. A malocclusion occurs. There is a loss of sensation in the lower part of the face. With a double fracture, the tongue sinks. In some cases it happens.

As a result of a jaw fracture, serious diseases can subsequently occur - osteomyelitis, meningitis.

A blow to the jaw is considered one of the most painful. One of the most common injuries from a direct blow is to the jaw. Others include dislocations and fractures of bone tissue of one or both jaws. After a blow to the jaw, severe swelling occurs and the face becomes blue. Such injuries do not always result in damage to bone structures, but in any case, compression of soft tissue occurs, that is, a bruise.

A bruise of the upper jaw rarely occurs on its own, but even with such an exceptional violation, all the manipulations indicated above will be useful. For other bruises, first aid consists of urgently transporting the victim to the clinic. It is especially important not to delay treatment in children. If your baby hits his face, you should seek qualified medical help.

Diagnosis and treatment

It is important to accurately diagnose the damage. Behind the bruise there may be a more serious injury - a dislocation or fracture. At the clinic, the victim is offered to undergo an x-ray examination. If a severe bruise to the jaw was received as a result of an accident, then disorders such as concussion, neurological injuries, etc. cannot be ruled out. In this case, the consequences can be disastrous.

An experienced doctor will distinguish a fracture, dislocation and bruise from other injuries. For example, if there were injuries during the impact, then open wounds from fragments of hard tissue cannot be ruled out. Treating such damage can be difficult. For complicated injuries, soft tissues take longer to heal, and treatment is carried out jointly by an oral surgeon and a dentist.

The duration of the recovery period for a bruise is determined by the nature of the damage. A minor injury will heal within 10-14 days; how long a complicated injury will take to heal depends on additional disorders. If the submandibular gland is bruised, surgery may be required to restore glandular activity. Swelling is removed with cold, but how to remove residual swelling and bruises? In this case, thermal procedures, which are prescribed from the 3rd day, will help.

How to treat a jaw bruise

If pain persists, seek dental care. There are no problems finding a dentist near your home. If we talk about the capital’s clinics, the choice is so great that you can get confused. There are 10 clinics along Starokachalovskaya Street, on Dm. Boulevard. Donskoy there are 19 dental institutions, at the station. Savelovskaya - more than 20, on Ryazansky Avenue - 24.

If the treatment was carried out in a medical institution, then the patient is sent home to restore the affected jaws at home. To resolve a bruise, ointments are used to disperse the blood. Compresses made from plantain or wormwood leaves help eliminate swelling of the cheeks.

How to treat a jaw bruise with complications? Your doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agents for home use.

Complications and consequences

If bone tissue damage occurs in the area of the collision, myositis may develop over time. The consequences of unsuccessful or untimely treatment include inflammatory diseases of the gums and teeth. Chewing functions may be impaired. Clicking and pathological jaw mobility indicate an undiagnosed dislocation.

Serious consequences of a jaw bruise include:

tumor processes;
jaw deformities;
formation of purulent infiltrate from inside the cheek;
contracture of the jaw joint.

In childhood, the possible consequences of a bruise can be of an oncological nature. It is extremely rare, but still there is such a complication of a contusion of the lower jaw as sarcoma.