Why does a child vomit without fever and its treatment. Causes and treatment of vomiting without diarrhea and fever. Emergency cases

What to give?

Diet

All mothers and fathers know very well that vomiting in children is not so a rare event. However, in practice, when faced with an attack, many are simply lost and do not know how to provide first aid to the baby, what to do and where to call. Authoritative pediatrician Evgeny Komarovsky, the author of numerous articles and books on children's health, explains why vomiting happens and what adults should do about it.

About vomiting

Vomiting is a protective mechanism, a reflex eruption of stomach contents through the mouth (or nose). During an attack abdominal Press contracts, the esophagus expands, the stomach itself relaxes and pushes everything that is in it up the esophagus. This one is pretty difficult process regulates the vomiting center, which in all people is located in the medulla oblongata. Most often, vomit is a mixture of undigested food debris and gastric juice. Sometimes they may contain impurities of pus or blood, bile.

The most common cause of childhood vomiting is food poisoning. Vomiting can be observed with various infectious diseases: rotavirus infection, scarlet fever, typhoid.

Less commonly, this problem is caused by accumulated toxins; this condition can occur with serious kidney disease.

Other causes of vomiting include diseases of the stomach and intestines, neurological diagnoses, and head injuries.

In children, vomiting can often be provoked by severe emotional shocks.

Kinds

Doctors distinguish several types of infant vomiting:

Cyclic vomiting (acetonemic).
Renal.
Hepatogenic.
Diabetic.
Cardiac.
Psychogenic.
Cerebral.
Bloody.

In most cases, vomiting in children begins at night. The baby wakes up from severe nausea. In this situation, it is important not to be scared or confused. Parents' actions should be calm and confident.

How younger child, the more dangerous vomiting is for him, since dehydration may occur, which for babies can be fatal.

A single vomiting (without any additional symptoms) in a child should not cause much concern for parents, says Evgeny Komarovsky. The fact is that this is how the body “cleanses” itself of accumulated toxins and food elements that the child could not digest. However, parental inaction can be fraught with tragic consequences in cases where vomiting is repeated, as well as if there are other symptoms indicating disorders in the body.

Most common reason vomiting attacks in a child - food poisoning. Poison can enter the baby's body from different products: dairy, meat, seafood, vegetables and fruits.

In the vast majority of cases vomiting reflex caused by nitrates and pesticides, with which fruits and vegetables are processed. Even more quality products meat products can cause severe poisoning if they are prepared incorrectly.

Evgeny Komarovsky emphasizes that the first symptoms of food poisoning usually begin to appear between 4 and 48 hours after eating. Quite often, you can stop vomiting caused by food on your own, at home. However, Evgeny Komarovsky reminds that there are situations in which mothers and fathers should not engage in independent healing. Medical assistance require:

Children from 0 to 3 years old.
Children who vomit due to elevated body temperature.
Children who have vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain (all or just some of the symptoms) have lasted for more than two days.
Children who are not “alone” in their illness (if other household members have similar symptoms

There are situations in which a child needs emergency medical attention as soon as possible. You should call an ambulance in one or more of the following conditions:

Vomiting occurred after eating mushrooms.
The vomiting is so intense that the baby cannot drink water.
Vomiting is accompanied by clouding of consciousness, incoherent speech, poor coordination of movements, yellowing of the skin, dry mucous membranes, and the appearance of a rash.
Vomiting is accompanied by visual enlargement (swelling) of the joints.
Against the background of repeated vomiting, there is no urination for more than 6 hours, the urine has a dark tint.
In emetics and/or fecal mass x there are impurities of blood and pus.

While waiting for the doctor to arrive, the child should be placed on his side so that during the next vomiting attack the child does not choke on the vomit. The baby should be held in your arms, on its side. There is no need to give any medications.

In order for the doctor to quickly understand the true cause of the child’s condition, parents must remember in as much detail as possible what the baby ate over the last 24 hours, what he drank, where he was and what he did. In addition, mom and dad will have to carefully examine the vomit in order to then tell the doctor about its color, consistency, whether there is an unusual smell, whether there are any impurities of blood or pus in it.

Analyzing color

Dark vomit (the color of coffee grounds) may indicate serious stomach problems, including peptic ulcers.

If there is an admixture of bile in the masses and there is a bitter-sweet smell, one may suspect a problem with the gallbladder and bile ducts.

Green color vomit may indicate the neurological nature of the reflex; vomiting in severe cases also occurs stressful situation when the child cannot cope with anxiety and feelings in any other way.

It is recommended to leave samples of vomit and feces of a sick child until the doctor arrives in order to show them to a specialist. This will contribute to the fastest and accurate diagnosis the true cause of the condition.

Vomiting in an infant may be a completely natural process of developing digestive functions, but it is better if it is diagnosed by a doctor. Komarovsky emphasizes that vomiting in infants is often a completely expected cause of banal overeating if parents are too zealous in their desire to feed their child more and more calories.

Vomiting can also be of another nature - allergic, traumatic, and also inflammatory. In other words, this reflex accompanies a great variety of different diseases, some of which require prompt hospitalization followed by surgical assistance, and therefore you should not underestimate vomiting attacks.

So, parents should make every effort not to stop vomiting at any cost and try to treat something with folk remedies, but to carefully observe. It will be just great if they can provide the following information to the doctor who comes to the call:

Frequency and periodicity of attacks (at what intervals does vomiting occur, how long does it last).
Does the child feel better after the next attack, does the abdominal pain decrease?
What is the approximate volume of vomit, its color and whether there are any impurities.
What was the baby sick for? Last year, over the past two weeks.
What did the baby eat, and do the parents suspect food poisoning?
Has the child's weight changed over the past 2 weeks?

If a child has some of the above symptoms, but is not vomiting, Komarovsky advises inducing the reflex on his own. To do this, you need to give the baby 2-3 glasses to drink. warm water or milk, and then gently insert your fingers into the oropharynx and move them slightly. You can lightly press the root of your tongue with your fingers or a spoon.

There is no need to feed the child anything. However, drinking is a must. At the same time, you should know that drinking water from a child who is vomiting is a whole science; it must be carried out strictly according to the rules. Firstly, says Evgeny Komarovsky, drinks should be small, but very frequent. A single dose is a few sips. Secondly, the temperature of the water should be similar to body temperature, so the liquid will be absorbed more quickly, which will protect the child from dehydration. When asked what to drink, the doctor replies that the best option are oral rehydration solutions or homemade saline solutions. If desired, you can give your child non-carbonated mineral water, tea, compote.

Under no circumstances should you add sugar, jam, or honey to your drink. If the child flatly refuses to drink what he is supposed to, offer him what he likes - juice or a sweet drink, but at the same time dilute it with water so that the resulting drink is as clear as possible.

In children, vomiting can signal a variety of problems. In some cases, parents can cope with the disease on their own, and sometimes they should call a doctor, especially if it concerns children under 3 years of age. For treatment, a variety of home remedies and medications are used, the choice of which is made depending on the cause of vomiting.

In order to assign correct treatment and to help the child cope with vomiting, its cause should be accurately established. Otherwise, incorrect therapy can lead to worsening of the condition and the development of complications.

In newborns, parents must learn to distinguish vomiting from regurgitation, in which there is no fuss and the masses do not smell. The main causes of vomiting without fever in infants are overfeeding, overheating, improper complementary feeding, poor nutrition of the mother, food poisoning, cholestasis, head injuries, acetonemic syndrome, ingestion of foreign objects.

In older children, vomiting can be caused by poisoning, head injuries, intoxication, excessive dosage of medications, a strong cough reflex, unbalanced nutrition, psycho-emotional stress, dysfunction. endocrine system, intestinal obstruction, increased acetone in the blood, neuralgia, foreign body in the esophagus, teething.

In adolescents, vomiting without an increase in body temperature can be a sign not only of the above problems, but also indicate intoxication of the body due to alcohol or drug intoxication, pregnancy in girls, nicotine poisoning or an eating disorder.

Treatment of causes

The recommendations below help improve the child’s condition, but if vomiting occurs repeatedly, it is necessary to contact specialists who will help diagnose the cause of this condition and also help cope with the disease.

Gastroesophageal reflux

Pathology can be recognized if infant vomits very often for a long time. In addition, the following symptoms may occur:

weight loss;
crying after every meal;
the vomit contains remnants of undigested food;
bloating;
bouts of hiccups;
diarrhea.

On initial stages the pathology proceeds latently, in connection with this early diagnosis is impossible, but if at least one of these symptoms is observed, you should contact a pediatrician and gastroenterologist. In most cases, pathology can be dealt with by introducing complementary foods, as well as changing the frequency and volume of food.

IN difficult cases treatment will be required regular use medications whose action is aimed at suppressing the production of hydrochloric acid:

Omeprazole;
Pantoprazole;
Phosphalugel;
Ranitidine;
Maalox;
Almagel.

Domperidone;
Metoclopramide.

To normalize gastric secretion - adsorbents and antacids: Gaviscon.

Attention! Only a doctor can prescribe medications. The dosage is set individually, depending on the age of the patient and the severity of the pathology.

Pyloric spasm

With the development of pylorospasm in children, the following signs are diagnosed:

Systematic regurgitation, regardless of food intake. At the same time, the volume of vomit can reach 2 tbsp. spoons Fountain vomiting is sometimes diagnosed.
Poor weight gain. In some cases, the baby even loses weight.
Frequent bouts of crying caused by abdominal pain.
Bloating, colic.
Bad dream. The baby often wakes up and cries.

Treatment is carried out by taking antispasmodic drugs. To relieve spasms, children are prescribed the following medications:

Chlorpromazine- prescribed 0.002 g three times a day;
Promethazine at a dosage of 2.5% - 1-2 drops are prescribed 15 minutes before meals.

In addition, it is important to follow a certain diet prescribed by your doctor. The child's diet should include alkaline drinks and thick porridges. Physiotherapy is effective. Paraffin baths and electrophoresis are used. In extremely difficult cases, surgery is recommended.

Gastritis

There are many symptoms signaling the development of pathology, but the main ones include the following:

attacks of nausea and vomiting;
acute abdominal pain;
heaviness and discomfort in the stomach;
heartburn;
lack of appetite and refusal to eat;
pale skin;
appearance gray plaque on the tongue;
frequent belching.

At the first suspicion of gastritis, you should contact a gastroenterologist. If vomiting occurs due to this pathology, bed rest is recommended, complete failure from food, gastric lavage.

To restore microflora and rehydration, it is recommended to drink plenty of fluids, and to suppress the gag reflex - or Cerucal. In case of severe pain, it is permissible to take antispasmodics: Riabal, No-Shpa, Baralgin, Papaverine.

After 12 hours, it is necessary to provide the child with dietary nutrition (low-fat broths, jelly, porridge), gradually introducing all the foods familiar to him. For gastritis, fried, smoked, and spicy foods are prohibited.

Gastroduodenitis

The symptoms of the disease depend on the form and stage of development of the pathology. Among common symptoms the following are distinguished:

increased fatigue and drowsiness (in some cases, insomnia);
paroxysmal pain that occurs at night, immediately after feeding or during severe hunger;
gagging, frequent attacks nausea;
belching, accompanied by heartburn, heaviness in the stomach;
increased salivation;
cyanosis of the skin, advantage in the eye area;
white coating on the tongue with a dense consistency;
weight loss.

Inflammatory pathology with predominant defeat distal segment of the stomach and duodenum. Main therapeutic method is following a diet that involves eating foods in small portions 5-6 times a day. It is recommended to steam or boil all dishes. Strong broths, mushrooms, fatty meats and fish, canned and smoked foods are prohibited.

To restore the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, it is recommended to take medications whose action is aimed at normalizing acid balance stomach, restoring it to normal secretory function, as well as antiemetics. When identifying infectious nature pathology, anti-Helicobacter therapy is recommended. Drug therapy includes taking the following drugs:

Enterosorbents: Smecta, activated carbon.
Eubiotics: Linex, Bifidumbacterin, Lactobacterin, Bifiform.
Multivitamin complexes: Complivit, Alphabet.
Enzymes: Festal.

Pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis is characterized by specific symptoms:

acute pain of a girdling nature;
attacks of nausea and vomiting that do not bring relief;
bowel dysfunction (diarrhea changes to constipation);
a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
dry mouth;
the appearance of a dense white coating on the tongue;
yellowing of the sclera and skin;
confusion, fainting, inappropriate behavior, coma.

If such symptoms appear, you should immediately call an ambulance. Bed rest with therapeutic fasting within 12 hours. During this period, the body requires glucose and alkaline water to recover.

To reduce pain syndrome Antispasmodic and painkillers are prescribed: Analgin, Baralgin, No-Shpa. If the pain is very severe, narcotic analgesics may be prescribed ( Promedol). Morphine is not prescribed because the drug causes spasm of the sphincters of the pancreatic and gallbladder ducts.

To stop intoxication and provide the child with everything necessary substances, the child is prescribed glucose drips, saline solution, plasma, Contricalom, Trasylolom.

To improve the excretion of pancreatic enzymes, the following is prescribed: Octreotide, Famotidi n.

To improve microcirculation, a dose is prescribed Trentala, Dipyridamole.

Gallbladder diseases

There are several gallbladder diseases that provoke vomiting in children: giardiasis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, dicroceliosis, etc. The symptoms of these pathologies may vary somewhat, but in general, clinical picture similar:

aching pain in the hypochondrium, intensifying after eating;
regurgitation, vomiting;
bile is observed in the vomit;
bitterness in the mouth;
the tongue takes on a crimson hue;
urine becomes bright yellow or brownish;
yellowness of the skin and sclera;
stool becomes lighter.

The main role is played by a diet with the complete exclusion of fatty, fried, sweet and spicy foods. It is necessary to include in the diet dairy products. As drug treatment are used antispasmodics to eliminate spasms in gallbladder and ducts, sedatives and choleretic agents. Medicines are prescribed individually, depending on the pathology and age of the child. The effectiveness of physiotherapeutic procedures has been proven.

CNS diseases

With pathologies of the central nervous system, symptoms may vary depending on the disease. Common signs include the following:

flinch;
decreased muscle tone;
frequent regurgitation, bloating;
increased blood pressure;
strange eye movement;
inappropriate behavior;
fainting, coma.

IN in this case you need to contact a neurologist. This group of pathologies is difficult to treat, during which it is important to establish the true cause of the disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system that led to vomiting. Therapy is carried out comprehensively and includes taking nootropic medications, drugs aimed at stimulating blood flow to the brain, as well as physiotherapeutic methods. Medicines are prescribed individually, depending on the disease. For tumors, cysts and dropsy of the brain, surgical intervention is required.

Foreign body

If a child swallows a foreign body, then after some time specific symptoms may appear:

increased salivation;
severe cough accompanied by suffocation;
a sharp increase in body temperature;
acute pain in the abdomen;
the presence of blood in the stool;
attacks of nausea, vomiting;
chest pain.

If a child swallows an object, a wait-and-see approach on the part of the parents can lead to suffocation. It is important to provide first aid in a timely manner, to get rid of a foreign body in the esophagus that may enter the Airways, which can lead to the death of the child.

Head injuries

When a head injury occurs in children, the following symptoms may be diagnosed:

lethargy, or vice versa, increased excitability;
severe crying;
paleness of the skin;
apathy, drowsiness;
refusal to eat;
change in pupil size.

If a child hits his head, parents should urgently go to the trauma department. At mild form injuries, the patient is prescribed bed rest, psycho-emotional rest, cold to the site of injury and oxygen inhalations. When cerebral edema develops, diuretics are prescribed.

To normalize the functioning of the nervous system sedatives. To eliminate vomiting - sorbents, rehydrating solutions, and less often - antiemetic medications. Medicines are prescribed by doctors, depending on the type of injury

Poisoning, indigestion

Symptoms of poisoning include the following:

drowsiness and apathy;
paleness of the skin;
a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
convulsions;
acidosis.

In this case, when vomiting it is indicated drinking plenty of fluids, sorbents, as well as excluding food for 6 - 12 hours. Medicines are prescribed by a doctor, depending on the type of poisoning, age and weight of the child. After recovery, provide the child with dietary nutrition.

When to call a doctor

The child’s condition during vomiting must be carefully monitored and attention should be paid to the frequency of urges, color and consistency of the masses. Parents should call an ambulance if:

“on the face” signs of dehydration (dry skin, decreased number of urinations, dry mouth, coating on the tongue, cracked lips, etc.);
vomiting occurred in a child under 3 years of age;
body temperature rises;
there are other patients in the family with similar symptoms;
the vomit contains impurities of blood and mucus;
the cause was food poisoning from mushrooms;
the child refuses water;
consciousness becomes clouded, coordination of movements is impaired, general condition worsens;
convulsive syndrome develops;
the duration of the illness is more than 24 hours;
at infants the fontanel sinks;
vomiting is accompanied by diarrhea;
The condition worsened after falling and hitting his head.

Video - Intestinal infections

What to do?

First of all, when vomiting occurs, parents need to closely monitor the child’s condition. It is important to prevent vomit from entering the respiratory tract, therefore:

the child is placed on his side or held upright;
After an attack, the oral cavity is cleared of masses; an older child is asked to rinse his mouth with water.

Also, do not force your child to eat. As your condition improves, your appetite will be restored. The main thing is to give enough liquid to avoid dehydration. However this rule does not apply to newborns and infants, who are recommended to offer breast or formula every 2-3 hours.

To improve the condition, you should give the child rehydration solutions, which you can buy at the pharmacy or prepare yourself. To improve the removal of harmful and toxic compounds from the body, sorbents should be given. On the recommendation of a doctor, antiemetic medications may be taken.

Water balance

As a rule, a child has no appetite when vomiting, so you should not force feed him. At this time, be sure to give the child plenty of water. clean water, giving preference to boiled and mineral water, which will help quickly restore the water-salt balance in the body. The drink should be at room temperature.

Important! Do not give carbonated water, juices, fruit drinks, compotes, or sweet drinks, which can only aggravate the patient’s condition.

If the baby refuses water, you can replace it with a sweet decoction of chamomile or rose hips, which have antiseptic, restorative properties, which will help calm the organs. digestive tract.

If attempts to give the child water lead to the development of new vomiting, you should start giving water in small spoons. With absence negative reaction gradually increase the dose every 5 minutes.

Attention! Refusal of water and increased vomiting after drinking can lead to dehydration, which poses a great health risk. little patient- You need to seek help from a specialist.

To restore water and electrolyte balance, doctors recommend using special medications, which contain salts and glucose necessary for a weakened body.

Description
Image
Indications	Diarrhea of various etiologies.	Recovery water-salt balance. Diarrhea of various etiologies. Prevention of water and salt imbalance
Contraindications	Excess calcium in the body. Renal failure of chronic and acute forms. Diabetes. Hypertension	Hypersensitivity. Coma
Side effects	No	Nausea. Edema
How to use	Take 20 ml/kg of patient’s weight in small sips every hour	In 1 l boiled water dissolve 1 sachet. Drink 40-80 ml/kg for 6 hours. Newborns and infants: 3 tsp.

Restore water balance It is also possible without taking special medications; just dilute 0.5 tsp in a glass of warm water. soda, 2 tbsp. l. sugar or honey. It is recommended to drink 50-200 ml within an hour, depending on the age of the child.

Sorbents

This group of drugs is used to bind toxins and other harmful substances in the organs of the digestive tract. They do not allow toxic compounds to enter the blood and promote their rapid elimination. Used for vomiting due to poisoning of the body with food products, drugs, narcotic substances, poisons. In addition, they help cope with unpleasant sensations from overeating, pathologies of the pancreas, gastrointestinal diseases, and also reduce the severity of allergies.

Description
Image
Indications	Diarrhea of various etiologies. Dyspepsia	Diarrhea of various etiologies. Poisoning	Intoxication of various nature. Poisoning of various etiologies. Allergy
Contraindications	Hypersensitivity. Intestinal obstruction	Erosive and ulcerative pathologies Gastrointestinal tract. Hypersensitivity to silicon dioxide. Children's age up to 1 year	Hypersensitivity. Intestinal atony
Side effects	Constipation. Allergy	Constipation	Nausea. Constipation
How to use	Dilute the sachet in 50-100 ml of liquid. Adults 3 medicinal units per day, children under 12 months 1 sachet/day, over 12 - 2 sachets/day	Dilute according to instructions. Drink for adults 12-24 g/day. Children from 1 to 7 years old: 150-200 mg 3 times a day	Dilute the paste in water in a ratio of 1:3. Adults over 14 years old drink 1-1.5 tbsp. From 5 to 14 years old, take 1 tbsp. l. Up to 5 years - 0.5 tbsp. l. Infants - 0.5 tbsp. l Dosage frequency 3 times a day

Antiemetic drugs

This group medicines Use only on the recommendation of a specialist. The action of antiemetic medications is aimed at suppressing the vomiting center of the brain: in the form of a powder suspension.

Description
Image
Indications	Vomiting, diarrhea of various origins	Vomit. Dysbacteriosis. Food allergies. Rotavirus	Reflux. Esophagitis. Vomit	Vomit. Nausea. Diarrhea
Contraindications	Hypersensitivity. Children's age up to 1 month. Prematurity	Hypersensitivity. Liver dysfunction. Stomach bleeding	Kidney diseases. Hypersensitivity	Hypersensitivity
Side effects	Allergy	Allergy. Drowsiness. Headache. Dry mouth. Anxiety	Dry mouth. Anxiety. Allergy. Drowsiness. Headache	Allergy. Constipation
How to use	Children 1-6 months. 2.5 ml 3 times/day. 7 months - 2 years 2.5 ml 4 times a day. From 3 to 7 years - 5 ml 3 times a day Over 7 children - 5 ml 4 times/day	Children over 12 years old: 10-20 ml. Up to 12 years: 0.25-0.5 mg/kg body weight. The frequency of administration is 3-4 times a day.	Children over 12 years old - 10 ml. From 2 to 12 years - 5 ml. Take 1 time in the evening	Up to 1 year - 0.5 tsp. 1-5 years - 1 tsp. Drink 1 time/day with meals

Also, these drugs have antiseptic properties and help normalize microflora.

Diet

After the child’s condition improves, it is necessary to feed him. During rehabilitation, it is necessary to adhere to a diet that involves the exclusion of heavy foods, namely fried, smoked, canned. Also prohibited are raw vegetables, grapes, fish and meat. fatty varieties, bakery sweet products, candies and other sweets.

Important! Children should not eat chips, crackers, or drink carbonated drinks.

To restore the functioning of the digestive tract, the diet should include natural yoghurts, bananas, boiled vegetables, baked apples, kefir, decoctions of herbs, dried fruits.

Video - Food poisoning of a child

Folk recipes

You can reduce the severity of vomiting without fever at home using folk recipes. Based medicinal herbs It is recommended to prepare decoctions and infusions that the child can offer to drink. For improvement taste characteristics A slight addition of honey or sugar is allowed.

Valerian decoction. To prepare, you will need 1 herb root, which must be crushed with kitchen utensils. 1 tsp. powder, pour 250 ml of boiling water and simmer over low heat. Drink 1 tsp. in the morning and in the evening.

Mint infusion. Chop the leaves of one plant by hand. Pour 0.5 liters of boiling water. Leave until cool. Take 0.5 tsp. every 2-3 hours.

Ginger tea. Grind the root of the plant or take the prepared powder. Pour 1 tsp. 200 ml of warm water, leave for 5-7 minutes. Give your child 1 tsp to drink. 3 times/day.

Dill water. This remedy helps normalize the intestinal microflora, therefore it is used for vomiting, diarrhea and colic in a child. Dill has an enveloping effect, which helps reduce the absorption of toxic substances into the blood and quickly improve the patient's condition. For preparation you will need 5 g of seeds and 1 tbsp. boiling water Pour in and simmer over low heat for 5 minutes. Strain. Take 1 tsp. every quarter of an hour. After a vomiting attack, the dosage is 2 tsp.

Tea. Helps relax the stomach and reduce the gag reflex. For preparation, you can take black or green tea leaves, which can be replaced with chamomile or linden herbs. Brew according to package instructions. Add 1 tsp. honey

Vomiting in a child without fever may indicate gastrointestinal diseases, head injuries, psychoemotional disorders. To reduce the severity of the syndrome, it is recommended to take sorbents, and to restore water and electrolyte balance - rehydrating solutions. If there is no effectiveness or if there are other indications, antiemetic medications are prescribed.

Infant vomiting is very common. The reasons for it are varied. To determine them, you need to take into account age, accompanying symptoms: the presence or absence of fever, diarrhea, vomit, etc. Vomiting in a child without fever does not mean the absence of a disease, sometimes in such cases the help of a doctor is necessary. Center of the nervous system, responsible for its occurrence is located in the medulla oblongata. Impulses can come from completely different internal organs, vestibular apparatus and cortical centers of perception. Sometimes vomiting occurs due to exposure to medulla various toxins, drugs.

If a child’s vomiting appears suddenly and without fever, what should be done before the doctor arrives? First aid should be provided during and immediately after gastric emptying.

Necessary:

make sure that the child does not choke - do not let his head fall back, do not lay him on his back, you need to turn his head to the side, preferably raising it by 30°;
After vomiting, rinse the child’s mouth with warm water or wipe with wet cotton swab oral cavity, corners of the mouth and lips. Instead of water, you can use a weak disinfectant solution, for example, potassium permanganate or boric acid;
Give the child small amounts of water often; the water should be cool; for older children, cold. To eliminate the urge to vomit, you can add a few mint drops and use Regidron. For children up to one year old, give 2 teaspoons every 5 minutes, from one year to 3 years - 3, from 3 years - 4.

If the attack of vomiting is one-time and is not accompanied by fever, diarrhea, or deterioration in the child’s general condition, you can wait to call a doctor.

All you need to do is carefully monitor the baby and if it worsens or additional symptoms appear, seek medical help.

Reasons for calling an ambulance

Vomiting in a child without fever may be a sign of some serious illnesses, including those requiring immediate surgical intervention. Therefore, you should not delay seeking medical help and self-medicate.

You need to call immediately ambulance, If:

vomiting occurs frequently and does not stop;
it is not possible to give the child something to drink due to the frequent eruption of vomit;
present additional symptoms- high fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain;
fainting, semi-fainting or, conversely, excessive excitability (crying, screaming, physical activity);
severe abdominal pain combined with bloating and constipation;
vomiting occurred after consuming products of dubious quality, chemical additives, medications;
vomiting occurred after a head injury, fall, blow - an urgent examination by a neurologist is needed;
lethargy, drowsiness, convulsions, and fever are observed.

If vomiting occurs once or twice, the stool is loose or normal, and the child drinks water normally, plays, and sleeps well, then it is not necessary to call an ambulance, but you should contact your local pediatrician.

Diseases accompanied by vomiting without fever

Some serious illnesses in a child may be accompanied by diarrhea, nausea and vomiting without fever. This is most often observed in the following diseases.

Intestinal infections: typhoid fever, etc. These diseases may be accompanied by high temperature, but sometimes it remains normal. Vomiting occurs without connection with food and may occur one or more times.

The vomit is always the same. Often the diarrhea is more pronounced, the stool is liquid, sometimes with foam, mucus, and has a pungent odor. The child is capricious and restless, exhausted, becomes drowsy and lethargic. Refuses to eat and drink and rarely or not urinates at all. Dehydration sets in.

Treatment is carried out only inpatiently in children under one year of age, in older children at home or in the hospital. Absorbent drugs, antibiotic, antiviral and rehydrating agents, and probiotics are prescribed. If necessary, painkillers and antipyretic medications can be used.

Food poisoning. Often occurs after consuming canned food, dairy products, meat and fruit purees. Nausea and vomiting occur after eating and are repeated several times. The stool is liquid and streaked with blood. Characterized by severe paroxysmal abdominal pain.

General health becomes worse, the child is capricious, cries, gets tired quickly and becomes lethargic. Refuses to eat and drink. If a child is 3 years old or younger and vomiting without fever is due to food poisoning, then he needs to be hospitalized.

Treatment for older children can be organized at home. Gastric lavage is performed, absorbent agents, rehydrating drugs, prebiotics, and drugs that relieve spasms and inflammation are prescribed.

Allergy to food or medicine. Attacks of vomiting and diarrhea occur after the child has eaten. The masses contain undigested product. In addition, there may appear skin rashes, swelling of the mucous membranes, difficulty breathing. Treatment can be organized at home or in a hospital.

The basis of therapy is antiallergic drugs. Absorbents and hormonal agents may be prescribed.

Dysbacteriosis. In this condition, vomiting does not appear often, stools are foamy, and sometimes give way to constipation. Flatulence and whitish plaque in the oral cavity are detected.

Possible skin itching, peeling, rash. Treatment is carried out at home and boils down to adjusting the diet and restoring the balance of microflora with the help of probiotics.

Intussusception. Without an increase in temperature, the child vomits bile. Cramping pain in the epigastrium is accompanied by screaming and crying. The stool is jelly-like and streaked with blood. Treatment is only possible with surgery.

Acute form of gastritis, duodenitis. First, nausea appears, then profuse repeated vomiting with bile. There is bloating, pain, and loss of appetite. Therapeutic measures carried out at home. The main techniques are diet correction, frequent drinking, and taking pribiotics.

Diseases of the pancreas, liver and gall bladder. Vomiting occurs after eating, one or more times. Vomit with bile and food particles. Associated symptoms: severe epigastric pain, belching of air and gas, loss of appetite. Hospital treatment using hepatoprotectors or drugs with enzymes, taking painkillers, following a therapeutic diet.

Diseases of the central nervous system(ischemia, hydrocephalus, tumors, intracranial pressure). Vomiting is frequent. The child's behavior changes from anxiety to lethargy. Infants also experience bulging of the fontanelle.

Depending on the disease, treatment is carried out at home or in the hospital. It involves taking medications that restore cell nutrition. For hydrocephalus and tumors - surgical methods.

Ingestion of a foreign object. Vomiting food particles with mucus, sometimes with blood. Breathing is impaired, the child is restless. Two options for help: observation and waiting for natural passage along with stool or surgical intervention.

Diseases accompanied by vomiting without fever in children under one year of age

Gastroesophageal reflux. The erupting masses are few and have a sour odor. Gastric emptying occurs immediately after feeding. The child often hiccups, cries, and worries. Hypersalvation is noted.

Treatment is possible at home. Drugs are prescribed to block the release of hydrochloric acid and antacids. It is also necessary to adjust the frequency and volume of feedings.

Pyloric stenosis. The vomit is copious, homogeneous, and is expelled under pressure half an hour after feeding. The symptom appears 2–3 days after birth. The child loses weight, dehydration and convulsions occur. Treatment is surgical and urgent.

Pylorospasm. The newborn has mild vomiting. Conservative treatment can be organized at home. It is recommended to feed in small portions and warm compresses on the stomach. If these methods fail, surgery is necessary.

Congenital esophageal diverticulum. There is slight vomiting of digested milk or formula. The disease leads to some weight loss and is treated surgically.

Causes of vomiting that do not require treatment

In some cases, vomiting without fever in a child does not require treatment. All you need to do is eliminate the causes of gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Regurgitation of leftover food in infants – normal phenomenon, occurring 2–3 times a day. The volume of the coming out masses is about 1–1.5 teaspoons. Causes may include eating too much, horizontal position baby, insufficient development of gastrointestinal tract functions. In order to eliminate the symptom, you need to feed the baby with his head elevated, make a “soldier” (hold it upright) after each feeding, and do not overfeed.

Eruption of baby teeth. Vomiting is not profuse and does not affect body weight or appetite. The cause may be swallowing air or feeding during severe pain. To eliminate the symptom, you need to use special gels for the gums and teethers, and massage the gums.

Introduction of complementary foods. One-time vomiting due to insufficient amounts of enzymes, non-acceptance of the product by the child’s body. Help consists of temporarily eliminating the product.

Psychogenic vomiting in children after 3 years. It can develop against the background of stress, anxiety, or as a reaction to food refusal. It is necessary to eliminate the stressful situation; if this does not help, consult a psychologist.

Indigestion. Bouts of vomiting and loose stool with particles of undigested food. It is necessary to review the diet and give the child more liquid.

Climate change. Vomiting and diarrhea may occur once or twice, and disappear as the child adapts to new conditions.

Activities prohibited when vomiting

If a child starts vomiting, under no circumstances should you:

Perform gastric lavage if the child is unconscious.
Give your child antispasmodics and antiemetics without a doctor’s recommendation.
Perform gastric lavage using antiseptic solutions.
Choose your own antibiotics.
Do not come for a second examination if your health has returned to normal and your symptoms have disappeared.

Useful video about the causes of vomiting in a child

Vomiting is the involuntary expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. The diaphragm lowers and the glottis closes. In his stomach upper section relaxes sharply, while a spasm occurs in the lower one. The muscles of the diaphragm and abdomen contract sharply, which causes the release of undigested foods up the esophagus. In this case, there arise discomfort: sore throat due to a scratched trachea, taste of bile or acid in the mouth, foul odor.

This condition can be caused by a wide variety of reasons. So vomiting in a child can occur at any age, and parents should be prepared for this.

U infant the main cause of vomiting (not to be confused with) is the development of digestion. In older people, this unpleasant reflex may be caused by various diseases and external factors. This is a defensive reaction to an irritant, an attempt to get rid of toxic substances.

Nutrition

Eating low-quality foods.
Overeating, force-feeding a child, eating large amounts of very fatty foods - this explains vomiting after eating.
Drug poisoning.
Aversion to food.

Diseases

Problems with the gastrointestinal tract

Dysentery, salmonellosis.
Acute abdomen syndrome.
In newborns: stenosis, diverticulum, achalasia, pylorospasm, hernia.
If you have a temperature of 38°C and vomiting, it may be intestinal flu.
Gastritis.

Cranial pathologies

Severe migraine.
Frequent dizziness.
Concussion.
Bruns syndrome.
Head injury.
Posterior fossa syndrome.

Other health problems

High temperature is not only an accompanying symptom of vomiting, but most often causes it itself.
If your child usually vomits in the morning, the reasons should be looked for in serious illnesses: infections, meningitis, brain tumors, acute appendicitis.
Allergy.
In infants, the causes may be neurological pathologies, foreign body in the stomach, pyloric stenosis.
Coughing.
Vomiting with rotavirus is one of the main symptoms.
Metabolic disease.
Anicteric hepatitis.
Kidney failure.
Vomiting is often observed with.
Diabetes.
Acute heart failure.
Nose bleed.
Purulent otitis.

External factors

Motion sickness in transport.
Fears, anxiety, stress. Characteristic sign- green vomit.
Sunstroke.
If vomiting occurs at night, the provoking factors most often are not only stomach problems, poisoning, but also severe fright (I had a nightmare), stuffy air and low humidity in the room.
If a child has a fever after vomiting, it may be like rotavirus infection, and heat stroke (overheating).

Sometimes there is vomiting with, but there is no direct physiological connection between them. Rather, the first is a consequence of the second. The reasons in this case may be elevated temperature, force feeding, swallowing a large amount of air while screaming and crying.

There are many causes of childhood vomiting. Only the most attentive parents will be able to accurately tell its cause, but for this it is better suited medical diagnostics. Moreover, in medical practice there are different types of this protective mechanism.

Terminology. In medical sources you can find the following concepts identical to vomiting: autamesia, anabolia, blennemesis, gastrorrhea, hematomesis, hydremesis, hyperemesis, pyemesis.

Also pay special attention to children's cosmetics, namely shampoos and bath products. Read the ingredients carefully. The most dangerous components are: Sodium lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Laureth Sulfate, Coco Sulfate, PEG, MEA, DEA, TEA, silicones, parabens.

We strongly recommend getting rid of cosmetics that contain this chemical, especially if we're talking about about children and newborns Scientists and experts have repeatedly repeated how these substances affect the body. Of all the many cosmetic companies, it is very difficult to find completely safe products.

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The only disadvantage of such products is a significantly shorter shelf life - 10 months, but this is due to the absence of aggressive preservatives. For those looking for safe cosmetics, we recommend the official online store mulsan.ru. Take care of your health and carefully read the composition of not only food, but also cosmetics.

Kinds

There are several classifications of childhood vomiting. Depending on concomitant diseases and the nature of vomit in a child, the following types can be recognized.

Cyclic ketonemic.
Hepatogenic.
Renal.
Diabetic.
Cardiac.
Abdominal.
Psychogenic.
Bloody.
Cerebral.

Children are often diagnosed with acetonemic vomiting - this is what they call pathological condition with an increase in the concentration of ketone bodies in the blood plasma. Manifests itself as stereotypical recurring attacks, which alternate with periods of satisfactory physical condition. There are primary (idiopathic) - a consequence of errors in the diet (hunger pauses, an abundance of fat) and secondary - developing against the background of infectious, somatic, endocrine diseases, damage to the central nervous system.

Correctly determine its type and place accurate diagnosis Only a qualified doctor can do this. Although, before his consultation, parents should themselves observe what accompanying symptoms characterize the child’s condition.

Educational program for parents. Children's acetonemic vomiting in medicine can also be referred to as non-diabetic ketoacidosis.

Clinical picture

Vomiting without symptoms is quite rare. Most often it is accompanied by some deviations in the child’s condition. They will help to recognize the underlying disease that caused this trouble. Therefore, the primary task of parents before the doctor arrives is to observe what other characteristic manifestations are accompanied by vomiting.

Vomiting without fever

Severe vomiting in a child without fever is not considered separate disease, requiring therapy specifically directed against it. This is a symptom of one of the pathologies that affects a small organism. These include:

Gastrointestinal diseases: and abdominal pain;
pathologies of metabolic processes;
general intoxication: a reaction to medications or food poisoning - in such cases, the child usually vomits after eating or consuming a specific drug;
serious problems With nervous system may manifest themselves in behavioral disorders: the child becomes capricious, uncontrollable, eats and sleeps poorly;

If there is frequent vomiting without fever in the morning, this is in most cases a problem with the central nervous system, if in the evenings and nights it is a problem with the stomach.

Vomiting with fever

A much greater danger is vomiting and fever in one tandem. This indicates the presence of an inflammatory reaction in the small organism, infectious infection. They need to be eliminated as soon as possible, before things develop into complications, which are not uncommon in such cases. Here you need to call a doctor and follow all his instructions exactly. There is no way around this without treatment (sometimes even inpatient treatment).

If a child is vomiting with a fever, it is important to track the moment and how they relate in time. If the fever started first, it could provoke nausea with all the ensuing consequences. If at the same time, it is an intestinal infection. If it’s later, it can be either harmless or dangerous meningitis.

Other symptoms

The child has a stomach ache and vomiting - this is food poisoning or infection.
Vomiting bile is dangerous, which can be a symptom of cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, viral hepatitis, intestinal infection.
Strong (especially in the morning) headache and vomiting is a common sign of a concussion.
If this is vomiting with blood, you need to exclude injuries to the esophagus, stomach, or ulcer.
In infants, vomiting with mucus is often not a symptom of disease, while in older children it can be caused by food poisoning.
With colds or prolonged fasting, vomiting water is possible.
One of the most dangerous is vomiting foam, which requires immediate hospitalization of the child, as it can be a consequence of acute intestinal infection, meningitis, hepatitis, myocardial infarction, cancer.
Infants may vomit like a fountain, the cause of which may lie either in banal overfeeding or in complex developmental pathologies.

Vomit color

Yellow: food poisoning, appendicitis, intestinal infection.
Red: gastric bleeding, damage to the esophagus or gastrointestinal mucosa.
Green: a large number of greens in the diet or stress.
Black: abuse of activated carbon, chemotherapy.

Sometimes vomiting occurs without symptoms: if it happens once, there is no need to worry. This is a reaction of a small stomach to some product or external factor. But if it repeats several times a day, then, despite the absence of accompanying symptoms, you need to see a doctor. And before his arrival, provide the patient with first aid so as not to lead to complications.

Keep in mind. There is no need to be happy if a child’s vomiting is asymptomatic - you still need to see a doctor so that complications do not arise later.

First aid

Reasons for concern and reasons to call a doctor (ambulance):

Temperature increase.
Unbearable abdominal pain, profuse pain.
Lethargy, loss of consciousness, cold sweat, pallor of the skin.
Child's age is up to 1 year.
Repeated, incessant vomiting.

Parents should know what first aid is for a child vomiting before he is examined by a doctor. In 90% of cases it helps to avoid unpleasant consequences, and also significantly alleviates the patient’s condition.

Lay him in bed with his head turned to one side. Place a towel under your cheek and chin to vomit again.
Place the baby in your arms horizontally on its side.
Don't give anything to eat.
Antipyretics (paracetamol) should be given only after the temperature rises to 38°C.
During an attack, sit up, tilting your torso slightly forward. This will prevent vomit from entering the lungs.
After each attack, rinse your mouth with clean, cool water, wash, change clothes.
Do not scare the child with panic: do not scream, do not wail, do not discuss his illness with others, do not cry. Act decisively, calmly, quickly. Support the patient with strokes and words.
Parents often ask what to give their child when vomiting before the doctor arrives. After an attack, allow him to take 2-3 sips of water.
It can be replaced with glucose-saline solutions, which are purchased at the pharmacy. In such cases, Regidron, Tsitroglucosalan, Gastrolit, Oralit, etc. are helpful. Dilute strictly according to the recipe. Drink 1-2 teaspoons every 10 minutes. Infants - 2-3 drops.
As for a specific remedy, parents who do not know how to stop their child’s vomiting can recommend Smecta.
After diarrhea, wash the child and change panties.
Pack your things for hospitalization (just in case).
Leave the vomit and feces for examination by a doctor.

But what to do if a child has vomiting without diarrhea and fever without any impurities and others? dangerous symptoms? Be alert: do the same according to the instructions and carefully monitor his condition. At the first signs of deterioration or constantly recurring attacks, you still cannot do without qualified medical assistance.

And keep in mind: it is undesirable to transport a small patient yourself, as he will be shaken even more in the car and he may get worse. A series of diagnostic tests will await you at the hospital.

It is forbidden! When vomiting, solutions of potassium permanganate and alcohol are strictly prohibited.

Diagnostics

Typically, diagnosis does not cause difficulties, since the cause is easily identified even before the doctors arrive based on the accompanying symptoms. If it remains unclear, more thorough research is carried out.

Analysis of information

The doctor interviews the parents and finds out the following points:

when vomiting appeared;
frequency of attacks;
does relief come after them?
Is there a connection with food intake?
volume of vomit and feces;
the presence of impurities in them;
their character;
whether the child has been ill with anything during the last 2 weeks;
what infections did you have?
are there any abdominal operations and when they were carried out;
Do the parents themselves suspect food poisoning;
weight changes over the past 2 weeks.

Inspection

During an examination of a small patient, the doctor determines:

temperature;
presence of signs of infection (rash, seizures);
symptoms of poisoning;
general condition: pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, reflexes;
degree of dehydration (skin elasticity, weight change);
the presence of symptoms indicating diseases of the digestive system: changes in stool, tense abdominal wall, enlarged liver, bloating;
visual examination of vomit and feces for the presence of impurities.

Laboratory methods

Here you will need to pass basic tests:

blood test (most often general);
Analysis of urine.

Instrumental methods

Ultrasound of the peritoneum determines the size of the liver, lymph nodes, spleen, allows you to identify problems with the digestive tract;
Ultrasound of the brain;
fibrogastroduodenoscopy - examination using an endoscope of the stomach to diagnose gastrointestinal diseases;
X-ray of the peritoneal organs with contrast, when a special substance is used, against the background of which gastrointestinal pathologies are clearly visible.

Depending on what disease doctors suspect, the child may be sent for additional consultations to various specialists(gastroenterologist, cardiologist, neurologist, urologist, endocrinologist, etc.). They will confirm or refute the suspected diagnosis. After this, treatment will be prescribed.

Useful information for parents. If you are prescribed neurosonography in the hospital, do not be afraid of the terrible medical term. This is an ultrasound of the brain.

Treatment

For vomiting in children, doctors prescribe treatment mainly in two directions. First, symptomatic drugs of temporary action to stop the unpleasant reflex and relieve associated symptoms. Secondly, therapy for the underlying disease that caused this condition.

Drug treatment

Glucose-salt solutions.
Anti-vomiting drugs approved for children: Smecta (absorbent, stops intoxication, can be given to children from birth), Cerucal (blocks the gag reflex at the level of brain signals, allowed from 2 years), Enterofuril ( antimicrobial drug, prescribed for infectious vomiting, from 1 month), Domperidone (from 5 years), Motilium, No-spasm, Primadofilus.
Homeopathy: Bryonia, Aetusa, Nux vomica, Antimonium crudum.
Recovery normal operation stomach: Hilak forte, Bifidumbacterin, Linex, Lactofiltrum, Mezim, Pancreatin, Tsipol, Bifiform, Bificol, Enterol, Colibacterin, Bifilin, Lactobacterin, bacteriophages and probiotics.
Sorbents eliminate intoxication: Polyphepan, Polysorb, Activated carbon, Neosmectin, Enterosgel.
For diarrhea, the following are prescribed: Calcium carbonate, Bismuth, Diarol, Tanalbin, Imodium.
When found intestinal infections antibiotic therapy cannot be avoided: Ercefuril, Furazolidone, Nevigramon, Nergam, Gentamicin, Rifampicin, Tienam, Kanamycin, Meronem, Ciprofloxacin, Anamycin sulfate, Ceftazidime.
Intramuscular or intravenous administration antispasmodics (No-Shpa solution), m-anticholinergic agents (Atropine solution), metoclopramide (Reglan, Cerucal).
If all of the above therapy is ineffective, antipsychotics (Etaperazine) can be used against vomiting in children.
In case of poisoning, detoxification and gastric lavage are carried out.
If tumors, intestinal obstruction, or pyloric stenosis are detected, a decision is made on surgical intervention.

If the child is under one year old, it is better to use drugs in the form of a suspension, syrup or suppositories. After a year, you can use anti-vomiting tablets for children, but again only with the permission of a doctor.

Treatment with folk remedies

Traditional medicine has also not avoided this problem. However, parents often abuse these means too much. It is best to consult a doctor about what you can give your child for vomiting at home. After all, some recipes can only worsen the condition if there are any serious health problems. The following have minimal harm and maximum effect: folk remedies.

Dill seeds

Prepare a decoction: pour 1 teaspoon into a glass (200 ml) of water (already hot), boil over medium heat for 5 minutes. Cool. Give 20-50 ml every 2 hours.

Melissa tincture

Pour 20 grams of lemon balm into a liter of boiling water. Leave for 5 hours. Strain. Drink often, but little by little.

Ginger decoction

Grind ginger, 2 tbsp. spoons pour a glass of boiling water. Steam over low heat for a quarter of an hour. Strain. Give 50 ml once every 2 hours.

Mint infusion

Pour 20 grams of mint (it’s better to take peppermint) with a glass of boiling water. Leave for half an hour with the lid closed. Take 20 ml every 3 hours.

Milk-yolk mixture

Beat warm milk with yolk. Give frequently, 2 tablespoons at a time. Stops severe convulsive vomiting.

Horsetail infusion

2 tbsp. spoons horsetail pour 500 ml of boiling water. Strain after an hour. Give to drink often, but in small sips.

Fees

Mix 3 teaspoons of lemon balm, 4 of chamomile flowers, 3 of peppermint. Brew a glass of boiling water. Leave for an hour, strain. Give 50 ml every 3 hours.

Valerian root decoction

Pour 1 teaspoon of crushed valerian root into a glass of water. Boil over low heat for a quarter of an hour. Strain, cool, give 20 ml up to 5 times a day.

In addition to these effective folk recipes, you can stop vomiting in a child at home:

steeply brewed green tea;
chicken egg whites;
elecampane roots;
blackberry branches;
sagebrush;
tansy;
a mixture of honey and nettle seed;
a mixture of honey and ivy leaf.

Antiemetics approved for children are very effective, but any delay can be dangerous. This protective process greatly exhausts the body, provokes depletion of vitality and dehydration. The child’s health is at stake, so you shouldn’t take risks by self-medicating. One more important aspect therapy is a diet for vomiting, which helps improve the patient’s well-being and normalize digestion.

Therapeutic diet

Parents should be familiar with the basic principles of the diet and know what to feed the child after and during vomiting.

It is recommended to give food only 5 hours after the attack.
The first dishes after this break should be liquid or chopped.
Meals - in small portions, but often, approximately every 3 hours.
Products should be fortified and light.
There is no need to force a child to eat - this can provoke a second attack.
Do not create a diet yourself - only with the permission of your pediatrician.
Reduce dietary fats to a minimum in the first three days after attacks. They make it difficult for the stomach to work.
Reduce carbohydrate content in food. They promote fermentation processes in the intestines.
Main dish for children under one year old - breast milk. Over a year old- milk buckwheat and rice porridge, but the milk must be pasteurized. It is better to dilute it with water in equal proportions.

Authorized products:

sweet, strong tea;
white crackers;
veal meat soufflé;
buckwheat, rice porridge;
boiled chicken breast;
vegetable broth;
zoological cookies;
low-fat kefir.

Prohibited products:

sparkling water;
instant noodles;
chips;
crackers;
fried, sour, salty foods;
whole cow's milk, porridge with it;
rye bread, crackers from it;
green vegetables;
greenery;
raw fruits;
grapes, juice from them;
baking;
fish;
fat meat;
mushrooms;
beef, fish, mushroom broths.

So it is necessary to treat vomiting in a child comprehensively. Despite the bias towards modern medicines, parents should not neglect medications and use folk remedies as little as possible without the permission of doctors.

Exact adherence to the diet will give excellent results and will contribute speedy recovery little patient. If you wait until everything ends on its own, something irreparable can happen - complications that will later affect the fate of the child.

For reference. Smecta is a natural sorbent with flavorings and sweeteners as additives. IN gastrointestinal tract it forms a barrier film that prevents the absorption of toxins and bacteria.

Complications

If you don't stop your child's vomiting, it can lead to serious complications. The most dangerous consequences for his health in this situation may be:

dehydration, which can be fatal if not treated appropriately;
profuse and frequent vomiting can lead to injuries, wounds, ruptures of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, pharynx, and stomach;
aspiration pneumonia when vomit enters the respiratory system;
caries, because gastric juice, getting into the oral cavity, destroys tooth enamel(you can find out what to do if a child has a toothache from).

If this is a one-time reflex that is not repeated often, there is no need to panic. But if there is abundant constant vomiting(several times a day or a week), this is a reason to consult a doctor. Considering the danger of the gag reflex for small children, it is necessary to prevent it in a timely manner, which will reduce the risk of complications.

And further. TO fatal outcome can lead not only to post-vomiting dehydration of a small organism. There have been cases when a child choked on vomit. This happens if he is at home alone and cannot help himself.

Prevention

TO preventive measures, preventing frequent and profuse vomiting include:

prevention and treatment of any diseases, exclusion of complications and relapses;
high-quality food, food processing in accordance with sanitary and hygienic requirements;
prevention of poisoning by medicinal, household, industrial, and chemical agents;
timely isolation of patients during an epidemic of infectious diseases;
immunoprophylaxis;
competent child care for the prevention of aspiration pneumonia;
compliance with hygiene standards, especially washing hands before eating;
creating a favorable psychological atmosphere;
Do not give your child medications without a doctor’s prescription.

All parents have experienced childhood vomiting at least once. If it is not accompanied by fever and other dangerous accompanying symptoms, is one-time in nature and it is known for certain that it was provoked by a certain product, perhaps the danger can be avoided. But in all other cases, consult a doctor and complex therapy required. Otherwise, home self-medication may result in too high a price.

Vomiting in young children is a fairly common occurrence, and is especially common in infants. digestive system which may cause temporary disruptions when digesting unfamiliar foods. But repeated rejection of stomach contents by the body is a serious reason to call an ambulance, since it may indicate the presence of dangerous disease.

Causes

Parents of infants need to learn distinguish between regurgitation and vomiting. Regurgitation usually occurs immediately after eating and consists of particles of almost undigested food.

Isolated cases of regurgitation do not pose a serious danger to the child’s health: they indicate the imperfection of his digestive system.

Vomiting in most cases occurs an hour or two after eating or is not at all related to the time of eating. A child who has just vomited often has pale skin and feels a slight chill.

For those whose baby is bottle-fed, an article about this product for little ones are at the end of the article.

What reaction should children have to the Mantoux vaccine and is it necessary to get this vaccine? Read useful information

if you are not sure what bad feeling caused by stale food, do not take antiemetic and antibacterial agents without the advice of a specialist;
do not rinse the stomach yourself, especially with any antiseptic drugs;
do not give your child painkillers, which will make it much more difficult to determine the location of the pain;
do not feed the baby;
Do not leave him unattended while lying on his back.

Watch the video for more useful information:

Rapid loss of fluid from the body can lead to dangerous dehydration.. This is especially true for infants, in whom the risk of water-salt imbalance is much higher. For this reason, you should not neglect to examine a specialist if a child starts vomiting - parental neglect can lead to serious consequences.

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