Fistula on the foot treatment. Rectal fistula: symptoms, treatment with folk remedies at home. Treatment of rectal fistula without surgery: reviews. Why are bronchial fistulas dangerous?

What is a fistula? This is a pathologically formed channel (tube) connecting a hollow organ or tumor with environment or two organs (or cavities) between themselves. There is always secretion or exudate in the cavity of such a fistula, which maintains constant inflammation of the fistula. Spontaneous cure of this pathology is impossible; a favorable outcome (full recovery) is possible only with surgical intervention.

Anal fistula

The term “anal fistula” is usually used to designate a pathologically formed passage connecting the rectum and an opening formed on the skin in the anal area. Such a fistula passes through the perirectal tissue and opens with one or more holes. The disease is complicated by the fact that the process spontaneously becomes inflamed by feces entering the cavity of the fistula and is located inside the perirectal tissue, which is easily infected. Methods of conservative elimination of pathology rarely bring results when paraproctitis occurs, and even more so the formation of a fistula requires contacting a surgeon - proctologist.

Causes of the disease

To understand the pathophysiology of the process, it is necessary to determine what causes the fistula. The reasons for the formation of a pathological message can be specific - as a consequence of certain diseases:

• tuberculosis infection;
• actinomycosis;
• malignant and benign formations rectum;
• fiber injury;
• unsuccessful surgical interventions for various diseases.

Most common cause the formation of fistulas is caused by nonspecific factors, namely (inflammation in one of the crypts of the anal canal).

Important! When self-medicating acute paraproctitis, there is a high probability of fistula formation after spontaneous opening of the abscess.

Are rectal fistulas dangerous?

Besides unpleasant symptoms rectal fistula poses a risk of developing the following complications posing a threat to the health and life of the patient:

1. blood poisoning (sepsis);
2. formation of scars in the fiber along the pathological canal, which leads to spontaneous release of feces and intestinal gases;
3. formation of scars along the walls anus, which is expressed in the painful act of defecation and minor bleeding with each stool;
4. rectal fistulas can degenerate into cancer(rectal cancer).

Even without the development of serious complications, rectal fistulas worsen the patient’s quality of life, making normal social life impossible due to the constant leakage of feces, accompanied by a characteristic odor.

Classification

An anal fistula has its own characteristics during the course of the disease, depending on the location, the number of holes and branches, the presence of pathological processes along the canal and the stage of inflammation.

Types of fistulas depending on location

The modern classification describes fistulas taking into account the factors listed above.

According to the location of the openings of the fistula:

• a complete fistula originates in the rectum and ends with an outlet on the skin in the anus. The fistula can be simple (1 inlet and 1 outlet connected by a straight tube) and complex (has 2 or more inlets, forms an extensive network of tubes in the near-intestinal tissue and ends with one or more “holes” in the anus);
• incomplete is characterized by incomplete breakthrough of the abscess, an opening from the rectum with the formation of a blind canal in the perirectal tissue. This condition is transitional and with further inflammation it will break out either outside or into the intestinal cavity;
• An internal fistula is characterized by the presence of an inlet and outlet opening in the cavity of the rectum, the channel between the openings is located in the intestinal tissue.

By location relative to the sphincter:

1. Intrasphincteric course. Such a rectal fistula cannot be treated with conservative methods; it is located along the edge of the anus and has a straight course;
2. The transsphincteric fistula has many passages, pockets and a tortuous course. Leads to the formation of scars along the “tube” near the intestinal space, passes through the sphincter muscles, deforming it, which is accompanied by the formation of incontinence;
3. extrasphincteric. It originates above the sphincter, without affecting its muscles, and exits through one or more openings at the anus.

Advice. If acute paraproctitis occurs, you should immediately contact a proctologist surgeon for the purpose of excision and full treatment. With absence timely assistance During paraproctitis, a fistula forms, which significantly worsens the prognosis.

Symptoms

Rectal fistula is manifested by the following symptoms:

• the feeling of itching and discomfort in the anal area persists long time;
• the patient is bothered by the discharge of pus or ichor, accompanied by a foul odor. Discharge is found on underwear and skin. Constant washing and anti-inflammatory sitz baths, together with wearing protective pads, only slightly reduce unpleasant symptoms. A person cannot lead a normal life and work under normal conditions;
• there is pain in the anus when straining, during stool, coughing or sitting;
• at times there is an increase in body temperature.

Important. The course of the disease is wave-like and has periods of remission and exacerbation; the longer the process remains unresolved, there big square near intestinal fiber is involved in the pathological process.

Exacerbation of the disease and the formation of fresh foci of infection is accompanied by common features intoxication: decreased performance, weakness, drowsiness due to insomnia, increased body temperature.

When a rectal fistula forms, the symptoms in men do not differ from those in women, however, in most cases there is a decrease in potency followed by the formation of erectile dysfunction.

Treatment

After making a diagnosis, the doctor chooses a management strategy for the patient. Treatment of a fistula will depend on the form of the disease and the degree of its development, the presence of complications and concomitant diseases of the body. Considering the need for surgical intervention in in serious condition patient or serious inflammatory processes in the body is prescribed drug therapy aimed at eliminating these factors. After eliminating the life-threatening situation, surgery is scheduled.

The doctor decides how to treat a rectal fistula individually with each patient; this or that decision is influenced not only by the condition and shape of the fistula, but also by the capabilities of the surgeon. During the period of exacerbation it is possible local treatment(baths, ointments, powders), which consists in protecting skin from the negative effects of secreted secretions and the use of antibiotics to relieve the inflammatory process. After cupping acute course held surgical treatment in order to heal the resulting fistula.

Fistulectomy

This technique is used for primary fistulas, mainly subcutaneous and intersphincteric.

The fistulectomy technique is as follows: a surgical probe is inserted into the fistula canal through an internal or external opening, after which the specialist carries out tissue dissections along the entire length of the canal for the purpose of tissue fusion. This method usually does not disrupt the function of the sphincter, except in severe and advanced cases.

The granulation tissue lining the canal is removed using a surgical curette. Complete excision of the canal edges helps prevent relapses of the pathology.

Ligature method

Complicated rectal fistula suggests more complex operation, used independently or in conjunction with fistulectomy.

A ligature (drainage material, it can be a thin tube or a silk thread) is inserted into the lumen of the canal and passed along the entire fistula. The ligature allows you to navigate the volume of the affected tissue. The introduction of drainage allows you to speed up the regeneration process due to the outflow of exudate and control over the closure of the inlet and outlet.

Indications for choosing the ligature method:

• complex and branched fistulas;
• multiple formation of fistulas (2 or more);
• relapse after fistulectomy;
• decreased sphincter tone, determined before surgery;
• immunity disorder.

Relocation of the skin flap

The method is chosen for high fistulas and frequent relapses after excision. In this type of operation, the entire affected surface is excised and a flap is then placed on the affected surface. The method is not valid when acute inflammation and some diseases of internal organs.

Treatment with fibrin glue

Laser processing

An anal fistula is subjected to laser treatment; treatment is possible with simple, uncomplicated processes. The effectiveness of this procedure exceeds 80% of the procedures performed, complete cure without relapses and all kinds of complications.

Important. Treatment of fistula at home using traditional medicine methods is not acceptable. The longer the process remains unattended by a specialist, the more difficult it will be to get rid of the pathological process.

Postoperative period

After excision of a rectal fistula, the patient requires medical supervision and additional treatment throughout the entire postoperative period.

In the early postoperative period (2-4 days), analgesics are prescribed to reduce pain syndrome.

About a week after the operation you must adhere to a special diet (the first days are liquid food followed by the introduction of more serious dishes).

Until the wound heals, you should take sitz anti-inflammatory baths at least 3 times a day, additionally after each bowel movement.

If signs of inflammation occur, you should consult your doctor, namely:

• hyperthermia (an increase in body temperature indicates the onset of inflammation);
• difficulty emptying the bowel or bladder;
• the appearance of gas or fecal incontinence;
• the appearance and intensification of pain in the perineal area 3-4 days after surgery;
• the occurrence of abdominal pain;
• the appearance of purulent discharge.

Possible complications in the early and late postoperative period.

Rectal fistula often forms as a result of paraproctitis, as well as other diseases intestinal tract. Often a person may not notice the first signs of illness or attribute them to other conditions of the body.

This behavior often leads to the fact that the anal fistula begins to grow, fester, and the tissue around it becomes inflamed.

You cannot cure this disease on your own and will have to resort to surgery.

Characteristics of fistulas

Fistulas are channels that run from the intestines to the anus, and go out or penetrate into neighboring internal organs. Such canals are often filled with pus and infiltrate; feces and microbes enter them. Often the inflammatory process affects neighboring tissues and other parts of the intestine. Rectal fistulas are classified according to several parameters.

The passage is straight, has no branches, no tissue scarring is formed, and there is no pus or infiltrate. Any rectal fistula goes through several stages of development before it becomes a difficult, intractable problem.

The following stages of development are distinguished:

1. The opening at the exit of the fistula is surrounded by scar tissue, which continues to grow. There is still no pus or infiltration.
2. The scar tissue disappears, but ulcers appear.
3. The fistula canal has branches and many abscesses. The presence of infiltrate is noted in the fistula.

Anorectal fistula is a big problem for people, but if left untreated, complications can become a much bigger problem. Therefore, it is important to diagnose rectal fistula in a timely manner, preferably at the initial stage of development, then it will be better treatable.

One of the main causes of constipation and diarrhea is use of various medications. To improve bowel function after taking medications, you need to do it every day. drink a simple remedy ...

Causes of rectal fistulas

Anorectal or pararectal fistula most often appears after paraproctitis that has been suffered and not treated. But there are also other causes of rectal fistulas, namely:

• surgical error when paraproctitis is treated, but the affected areas are not completely removed during the operation;
• intestinal diseases (Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, anal fissures, hemorrhoids);
• complications after the hemorrhoid is removed - the muscle fibers are sutured;
• rectal injuries received independently or during diagnostic medical procedures;
• chlamydia, syphilis;
• intestinal tuberculosis;
• malignant neoplasms in the intestines, especially in the rectum;
• postpartum trauma among women.

Often the problem is aggravated by long-term chronic constipation, when the fistula just appears, feces, which cannot leave the body in a timely manner, begin to clog this passage and release toxins. This contributes to more active development of the fistula, as well as increasing the complexity of the process itself.

Symptoms

The symptoms of this pathology are often so pronounced that it is simply impossible to confuse them with signs of other diseases. Patients complain about:

• pain in the lower abdomen, as well as in the rectal area, pain in the anus intensifies during the act of defecation;
• discharge of pus from the outlet of the fistula, which is noticeable on clothes and underwear;
• deterioration of existing anal fissures or the formation of new ones;
• weakness and decreased performance;
• the presence of blood and pus in the stool, a characteristic nonspecific odor;
• irritation of the anus with discharge from the fistula, the appearance of a rash on the skin in the anal and perianal area;
• increased body temperature;
• perirectal fistulas can lead to inflammation of the female genital organs, which will be accompanied by pain and discharge of pus from the vagina;
• problems with sex life in men.

Patients rarely tolerate such symptoms for a long time, so they try to seek help for excision of the fistula from a proctologist in order to get rid of the tormenting problem, as well as eliminate other signs of rectal disease.

Diagnostics

Diagnosing a rectal fistula is quite simple even at the time of collecting anamnesis and digital examination of the intestine. However, to confirm the diagnosis, as well as establish the causes of the formation of passages and detect concomitant diseases, doctors use additional measures diagnostics

These include:

1. Sigmoidoscopy is an examination of the rectal area using a probe; you can find out more about what it is.
2. Colonoscopy is an examination of the rectum and large intestine using a probe with the ability to take material for a biopsy.
3. Ultrasonography is an examination of the rectum using an ultrasound machine, when the tube itself is inserted into the intestine and ultrasound is applied from the inside.
4. Staining the anus - using a dye injected into the rectum, a fistula can be identified by observing the filling and distribution of the substance throughout the intestine.
5. Fistulography - an x-ray of the rectum is taken using a contrast agent.
6. - allows you to find out the performance of the anal sphincter.
7. Microbiological examination of discharge from the rectum or directly from the fistula itself allows us to determine the presence of a bacterial infection accompanying the disease.
8. CT scan is performed if the fistula has caused complications in neighboring organs.

These diagnostic methods allow you to determine accurate diagnosis, as well as identify the cause of the fistula if there are extraneous intestinal diseases. This is also necessary for the doctor to tell you how to treat not only the fistula itself, but also its other complications or concomitant diseases.

Treatment

It is impossible to cure rectal fistula at home using folk remedies. Even medicines are not always given positive result. Can the fistula go away on its own? This is unlikely; you cannot hope for luck here, since the consequences of this pathology, if not treated, can be fatal for a person. The main method of treating fistula is surgery.

Treatment without surgery has one option - pouring fibrin glue into the fistula until it is completely filled, followed by suturing both openings of the intestinal fistula. However, such treatment does not guarantee complete recovery and the absence of re-formation of fistulas, especially if the original cause of the disease is not eliminated.

Operation

Surgery consists in excision of the fistula, as well as drainage of abscesses. During excision, it is important not to touch healthy tissue and be extremely clear - limit yourself to the affected area. The operation to remove a rectal fistula is performed under general anesthesia and is painless for the patient, which cannot be said about the postoperative period.

Video

This operation can also be performed with a laser. This will take less time and reduce the risk of infection; the patient will be able to return to their normal lifestyle in the very next few days. However, such an operation is more expensive.

The postoperative period is an important part in the recovery process and prevention of relapses.

At this moment you need to adhere to the rules:

• in the first three days there was no bowel movement, so the patient practically cannot eat, he can only drink decoctions and water, and glucose is administered intravenously. This is done to prevent injury closed channel feces.
• food was then liquid and in small portions, so that the feces were soft and did not injure the intestines;
• the patient complied bed rest, did not lift weights;
• Dressings were performed regularly; you can use an ointment with an anesthetic effect to relieve pain after surgery.

Treatment takes about two weeks, to avoid relapse of the disease, you need to establish what causes the fistula in this case, and try to avoid this factor, or treat the existing disease that provokes this phenomenon.

Complications

Rectal fistula is very dangerous due to its complications. If purulent contents enter the abdominal cavity, then peritonitis may develop, which often ends fatal. The fistula may also cause bleeding, which can lead to anemia. Intoxication of the body with stagnant feces, when the fistula interferes with its exit, can also negatively affect general health the patient, as well as on the functions of other organs.

If scars form in large quantities, this may threaten to disrupt the functioning of the sphincter, which will subsequently lead to fecal incontinence. Also, in certain cases, a fistula can cause a malignant neoplasm.

To prevent the disease from causing significant harm to the body, it must be treated immediately, without delay. Rectal fistula has a good chance of complete remission without the disease returning. If the operation is performed on time, the person retains full working capacity and normal condition health.

Video

Take pine resin, medical tar, butter, aloe leaf pulp, and flower honey in equal proportions. Place this mixture on water bath and heat there, stirring until the mixture becomes homogeneous. If it turns out very thick, dilute with vodka.

This ointment helps to cure any non-healing fistulas, bone tuberculosis, abscesses. You need to put it around the fistula, cover it sterile wipe, polyethylene and secure with adhesive tape. (newspaper “Bulletin of Healthy Lifestyle” 2003, No. 3, p. 25)

Traditional treatment of fistula with cabbage

A woman developed a fistula under her knee; for 2 months doctors prescribed various ointments, but they did not help, her leg hurt. A neighbor suggested an unusual folk recipe: every day tie a fresh cabbage leaf to the sore and walk with it all day. Do the procedure for 12 days in a row. On the 13th day, red dots should appear around the fistula. If they appear, it means the treatment was successful, everything will heal quickly. The woman began making cabbage compresses; within a day the leaf dried out and became transparent. And after the 12th procedure, red dots around the fistula were discovered under the sheet. Everything went smoothly. After 3 days there was no trace left of the fistula. (recipe from Healthy Lifestyle 2002, No. 3, p. 18,)

Fistula in a newborn - treatment with aloe and mumiyo at home

An umbilical fistula in a newborn child was cured with the following folk remedy.

Dilute mumiyo boiled water until the color of strong tea leaves. Mix the mummy solution and aloe juice in equal parts. Moisten a bandage with this mixture and apply to the navel. (folk recipe from Healthy Lifestyle 2003, No. 9, p. 27)

Ligature fistula - treatment with aloe infusion and honey at home

A man’s ligature fistula had not healed for 4.5 years; he turned to the readers of the newspaper “Vestnik ZOZH” to advise him on folk remedies to cure the fistula. I received a lot of advice. But the following folk recipe turned out to be very effective: tear off 12 leaves from the bottom of a 2-3 year old aloe, put in the refrigerator for 10 days, rinse in boiled water and chop finely. Pour the crushed aloe into a jar, add fresh liquid honey there so that the aloe pieces are completely covered. Infuse the mixture for 6 days, shaking daily. Then strain the mixture, discard the aloe leaves, and take 1 tsp of the liquid. 3 times a day before meals. In addition to this treatment, the man also washed the ligature fistula daily with a furatsilin solution from a small syringe. After a month and a half of continuous treatment, the fistula began to actively heal. (recipe from Healthy Lifestyle 2004, No. 1, p. 27)

Traditional treatment of fistula after cancer surgery

The man was operated on for lung cancer. It didn't take long to heal postoperative fistula– he was sick, festered, the temperature rose, the patient lost 12 kg after the operation.

After studying a lot of literature, we decided to treat the fistula with celandine. The man began to drink an infusion of this herb. My appetite returned immediately and my health improved. He drank in courses: he drinks for a month, rests for a week. The fistula has healed, the tumors are not growing. (recipe from Healthy Lifestyle 2004, No. 12, p. 26)

External fistula – onion and calendula ointment

Finely chop 200 g of onion, pour in 500 ml of hot rendered pork fat. Heat in a frying pan until the onion browns. Pour into a jar and cover for 8 hours.

Pour 1 cup of calendula flowers into 500 ml of hot rendered pork fat. Keep at 60 degrees for two days. Apply bandages to the fistula with these ointments, alternating them. (2005, no. 11, pp. 18-19)

Bread and salt are a folk method for treating fistula.

The man had 2 fistulas in the abdominal wall. I tried to treat fistulas at the clinic for three weeks, but to no avail. I decided to use folk remedies.
I pressed as much salt into the crumb of black bread as possible. I made a cake, smeared it on one side with saliva and applied the same side to the fistula. The second fistula was not touched for comparison. I changed the cake every other day. On the fourth day, the fistula cleared up and began to heal. I got rid of the other one using the same method. Soon there were no traces left, only the skin was whiter at first. (review from Healthy Lifestyle 2005, No. 11, p. 31)

Fistula on the coccyx - traditional treatment mumiyo

The woman repeatedly developed a fistula on her tailbone, lost her legs, and was unable to sit. They performed surgery several times, but the fistula on the tailbone opened again. Then the elderly doctor gave the patient a piece of mountain mumiyo the size of a match head - this was enough for a month's course - the woman did water solution mumiyo and washed the fistula, made lotions. Three months later she carried out another course of treatment for the fistula. Since then, this sore has not bothered her. And now mumiyo can be bought without any problems at any pharmacy. (review from Healthy Lifestyle 2005, No. 24, p. 26)

Fistula on the leg - home treatment with oleoresin

A man used oleoresin to save his toe from amputation. The finger was black and had a fistula with unpleasant smell. He applied softened resin to a rag and wrapped his finger in it. The fistula closed after 3 days. (review from Healthy Lifestyle 2006, No. 4, p. 31)

Homemade ointment for fistula

After the operation, the man was left with a fistula. It was small, but blood was constantly oozing from it. At the hospital, his fistula was expanded, cleaned, and washed. And so several times, but to no avail. So they discharged me with a fistula that did not close. Every day by lunchtime the temperature rose, my whole body ached, sometimes the temperature jumped to 40 degrees and I had to call an ambulance. This went on for 8 months. In the summer, the patient moved to the village, where he began asking local residents for folk remedies for non-healing wounds and fistulas. He was advised to make an ointment from pine resin, wax, vegetable and butter. The man collected pine resin and prepared an ointment, adding more propolis. I soaked a bandage in the ointment, wrapped it around a match, and inserted the match into the wound before going to bed. The match went in almost completely. The next day the temperature did not rise. In the evening he performed the same procedure again, the Match only entered 3/4 of the way. The fistula gradually closed, and after a week it healed completely.

Here is the ointment recipe:

Take 1 tsp. crushed wax, propolis, resin, 2 tbsp. l. vegetable oil and 2 tbsp. l. (40-50 g) butter. Place everything in an enamel bowl and put on the lowest heat. Heat, stirring, until everything is dissolved. Immediately strain the hot mixture through 4 layers of gauze. (review from Healthy Lifestyle 2007, No. 19, p. 33)

Treatment of fistula with folk remedies

One of the most effective folk remedies for fistula is mumiyo. It must be taken once a day on an empty stomach for 28 days (1 course of treatment). In advanced cases, the second course should be administered after 10 days. Mumiyo must be dissolved in 50 ml of water, and better than milk. Daily dose mumiyo depends on the weight of the patient: up to 70 kg - 0.2 g, up to 80 kg - 0.3 g, up to 90 - 0.4 g, more than 90 kg - 0.5 g.

High-quality mumiyo dissolves in water without residue.

Simultaneously with oral administration, mumiyo is also used externally - make lotions by dissolving 3 g of mumiyo in 100 ml of water.

For fistulas and any abscesses, it is useful to apply cakes made from comfrey root powder overnight. Comfrey stimulates growth healthy cells skin.
Rinse the fistulas very hot salty water (1 teaspoon of salt per 1 glass of water).
Lubricate wounds with celandine juice 2-3 times a day
(review from ZOZH ZOZH 2008, No. 19, p. 32-33)

Fistula in a child - treatment of fistula with dandelion tincture at home.
The child had fistulas near the ear tragus: holes appeared, sometimes sticky oozing from them clear liquid. Pharmacy ointments did not help - the holes did not close. When I had a cold, the fluid became purulent and my ears hurt. Over time, a foul odor appeared from the fistulas. It was time for the girl to go to school; she had to somehow get rid of the fistula. A tincture of dandelion flowers in triple cologne came to the rescue. At first, the tincture was simply applied to the wounds. After 3-4 times the inflammation stopped, the fistulas almost healed. But after some time, the inflammation began again, purulent discharge began. Then the parents decided to pour dandelion tincture directly into the fistulas with a pipette. After three such procedures, the fistulas near the ears were completely healed, healed very quickly and did not open again. (HLS 2010, No. 9, p. 10)

Cabbage leaf for postoperative fistula

The woman underwent surgery, after which a fistula formed at the site of the suture. I turned to the surgeon, who said that I would have to live with the fistula. I read a recipe in the Healthy Lifestyle Bulletin that fistula can be treated with cabbage. The patient washed the cabbage leaf, beat it lightly until the juice appeared and applied it to the wound. After seven procedures, the fistula seemed to disappear, but the recipe said that it should be applied 12 times. The woman continued treatment. And after the eighth procedure, I saw on the removed piece of paper that the threads had been bunched up and sewn up due to carelessness during the operation. After the threads came out, the fistula healed, everything fell into place. (2012, no. 9, p. 31)

Ligature fistula does not close - what to do

After surgery to remove a hernia, a fistula formed. It has been bothering the woman for five years: it constantly festers, a lump the size of egg. Surgeons believe that a new operation is needed. The patient contacted Vestnik ZOZH with the question “How to avoid surgery?”

Candidate of Medicine answers. Sci. A. I. Vanin.

The patient has a ligature fistula - a fistula caused by the presence of an infected suture ligature (thread), which is tied during surgery on a crossed vessel. Usually, a ligature fistula closes and heals after the festering threads have drained away. This did not happen for the patient. Therefore, she needs to have a fistulogram - X-ray examination fistula with contrast, see if it is connected with internal organs. Based on the results of the studies, the doctor will prescribe treatment for the fistula.
For now, you need to wash the wound with a 1% solution of dioxidine: inject the solution inside with a syringe without a needle and cover with a napkin soaked in the same solution. Secure with adhesive tape. Do the procedure every day for a week. If a lot of pus and fluid comes out, then rinse several times a day. Usually on the 3-4th day the fistula stops flowing. You can apply an oily solution of propolis or levomikol ointment.
At the same time, take sumamed tablets - 0.5 g 1 time per day 1-2 hours after breakfast at the same time. Course 3 days.

After this, take Complivit vitamins once a day for a month.
From folk remedies - take 1 tsp. 3 times a day aloe honey syrup, the recipe for which is given above.

A decoction of calendula flowers is also suitable for washing the fistula: 1 tbsp. l. for 1 cup boiling water. Add a few drops of oil to the warm broth tea tree. With the same decoction, apply compresses to the wound 1-2 times a day for 5-10 days.
Take medications and folk remedies to boost your immunity. (HLS 2013, No. 12, p. 16)

In November 2010, she underwent hip replacement surgery. On the 10th day, the temperature began to rise to 38 degrees. After 2 months, a fistula opened on the scar. Diagnosed " Chronic osteomyelitis» fistulous form. And now for the 4th year my leg has been leaking, it hurts, the temperature rises to 38-39 degrees. My leg is swollen, my knee is deformed, and I have great difficulty walking with a cane. What to do? Doctors can't help. I was in the bone and purulent department three times, to no avail.

After a tooth was removed, my husband developed a fistula on lower jaw on the left, everything that eats and drinks flows out. Previously there was pus, now there is not, but it does not heal. They had an operation. but still the same. Tell me what to do?

The fistula burst, I went to the toilet at night, and it began to come out. Blood with pus. I tried to treat the fistula with folk remedies: mumiyo, applied aloe, drank honey, applied ointments, made mumiyo with aloe. Now, when I go to the toilet, from the fistula there's blood coming out with ichor, rinse with furatsilin. Tell me what to do next.

Maybe someone will find this folk remedy for fistulas useful; I tested it on myself. When I was in the maternity hospital after the birth of my first child, I had many tears (9) and stitches placed on them. And there one woman applied to the same stitches an ordinary (penny Kalanchoe juice on alcohol), and I tried it. Both for her and for me, everything healed very quickly. As people say, like a dog, I never got sick due to the weather, like others. At the age of 50, I was in the hospital with abdominal surgery to remove fibroids, naturally with a huge suture up to the navel. At the hospital, the seam was treated only with iodoperone and that’s it. When I was discharged home, I went to the village hospital for dressings, and the surgeon kept telling me that it seemed like there would be fistulas. And then I remembered about Kalanchoe juice. I barely found it on sale, this is of course not the same product that was produced before, but still... The seam has healed smoothly, without fistulas and has not hardened, my skin in this place is soft, like everywhere else. I moistened a long wick of cotton wool over the entire seam, and put cellophane on top, since the liquid quickly evaporates from body heat, and to save money, you need to lie with this lotion for 15-20 minutes. And for many, the stitches fester very often. But it is advisable that a doctor observe you.

A proven method for a fistula: one 45-year-old woman fell ill with paraproctitis, it is also called a hair fistula. Unfortunately, the doctors said that the only way to get rid of it was through surgery. Fortunately, she was told one folk remedy for paraproctitis, which she decided to use before going under the knife.
All you need is wood ash. To prepare the recipe, take 2 handfuls of ash, this is approximately 70 grams, and add seven liters of water. When the water boils, reduce the gas and continue boiling for 30 minutes. Then strain and let cool until normal temperature so that the skin endures. Dip the area of ​​the body with the affected skin into the broth and keep it there for 25 minutes, washing the wound. After just three procedures, the woman’s wound healed, and she never had paraproctitis again.

I have been suffering for five years; over the years I have had several operations. From the fistula pus is coming with an odor, slightly painful. Please help, thanks in advance!

Rectal fistula is one of the symptoms of the disease that no one will discuss with relatives. Many people are shy with similar problems seek help from specialists. But paraproctitis is insidious disease, which causes not only moral suffering, but also physical pain. The disease rarely goes away without consequences. However, it can be overcome with the help of many medications. With rectal fistula, there is sharp pain in the anus and perineum. The disease is often accompanied by defecation disorders, chills and fever. Often with paraproctitis there is difficulty urinating. Typically, specialists suggest surgical intervention to relieve the patient of the disease. However, some practice treating rectal fistula without surgery.

Why does the disease occur?

Why does paraproctitis occur? There are many reasons why of this disease. Most often, the disease is provoked by factors that can reduce immunity. Among them it is worth highlighting:

• Poor nutrition.
• Sedentary, sedentary lifestyle life.
• Acute or chronic form of infection of the digestive tract.
• Stool disorders: constipation, diarrhea.
• Chronic diseases.

Statistics show that the disease mainly affects women. The reason for this lies in wearing thongs, bikinis, and tight-fitting pants. Clothes made of thick fabric are especially dangerous. It can rub the skin in the perineal area. In addition, hypothermia can cause inflammation. After all, many women wear short skirts and thin tights. In older people, paraproctitis usually occurs in chronic form. Those at risk are those who suffered an acute form of the disease in their youth.

initial stage

Treatment of rectal fistula without surgery is possible. On early stages For this disease, the doctor usually prescribes warm compresses. They must be applied to the perineal area. In addition, experts recommend carrying out procedures such as warm baths and relieving enemas. Such measures can significantly improve the patient’s condition.

Antibiotics are usually prescribed for the treatment of rectal fistula. During treatment, patients are recommended to rest in bed.

Acute form

Treatment of rectal fistula without surgery in acute form is also allowed. However, such therapy has some peculiarities. As a rule, doctors recommend surgery, which involves opening the abscess. But, as practice shows, many patients do this at home using alternative medicine. In any case, after opening the abscess, cleaning the internal hole is required. If this is not done, then a relapse of this disease may occur, leading to the formation of another fistula.

Features of the disease

Even in a simple case, after eliminating the rectal fistula, a hole is formed in the anal canal. As a rule, it does not heal. In this case, a flowing fistula is formed. It is extremely rare for a scar to appear.

If any factor again provokes the development of paraproctitis, then an abscess may again form in the same canal. If there is a scar in this place, then an abscess may occur next to it. If the disease recurs, then its treatment should be the same as for the acute form.

Paraproctitis can occur even in infants. Treatment of rectal fistula with traditional methods in this case is unacceptable. The child should definitely be shown to doctors. It should be taken into account that surgical intervention is very difficult, since in young children the suppuration hole has a small diameter. This makes cleaning the canal much more difficult.

What is the best way to treat?

Is it possible to overcome rectal fistula? Treatment without surgery, reviews show, can be quite successful. Over many centuries, many methods have accumulated that allow not only to rid a patient of the disease, but also to prevent it. re-development. However, the maximum effect can be achieved if, in the treatment of rectal fistula, you combine traditional and unofficial medicine.

Salt baths against rectal fistula

Treatment of rectal fistula with folk remedies allows you to cope with the disease much faster. As many reviews show, sitz baths with added salt can alleviate the patient’s condition and eliminate some symptoms. Such procedures cope well with inflammation and also help the pus to drain away.

This bath is very easy to prepare. First, you need to pour 5 liters of boiled water into the container. Baking soda, sea soda and regular salt. It is enough to take a spoonful of each component. The finished solution should be filtered. This bath should be taken for 10 minutes. Treatment of rectal fistula with folk remedies should be carried out in courses. Do salt baths needed for 15 days, one procedure per day. After the baths, special ointments should be used. They are usually prescribed by a doctor.

Herbal baths

How else can you eliminate a rectal fistula? Symptoms, treatment, as well as recovery from illness - all this causes many negative emotions And discomfort. To ease the course of the disease, you can take sitz baths, but not with saline solution, A herbal decoction. You can prepare it at home.

As a rule, for the treatment of rectal fistula, a decoction of St. John's wort, oak bark, calendula, bergenia, yarrow, calamus, shepherd's purse and other herbs. To prepare the product, you need from 50 to 60 grams of herbs. This amount of raw material must be poured with boiling water (1.5 liters) and placed on fire. The herbs need to be brought to a boil and simmer for 20 minutes. Now the product should infuse. This takes about 40 minutes. The finished broth should be carefully strained, and then poured into a container of a suitable size and diluted warm water(5 liters). These baths should be taken for 10–15 minutes.

Bath recipes

Rectal fistula, which is recommended to be treated at home only under the supervision of a doctor, is a very unpleasant phenomenon. The following sitz baths can be used for therapy:

• 70 grams of ash must be poured with water (7 liters) and placed on fire. The product should be boiled for half an hour. After this remedy, the decoction must be filtered and cooled to a temperature of 35 to 37 °C. You should take a bath for about 25 minutes. The number of such procedures is not limited and depends on the degree of the disease.
• Two liters of milk must be brought to a boil. Next, add several medium-sized onions and 4 cloves of garlic to the container. You need to boil this product for 2 minutes and then cool slightly. Baths should be taken hot. In this case, the body should be wrapped in a blanket. You cannot stop the procedure until the milk has completely cooled down. The course lasts until complete recovery.

Microclysters

Treatment of rectal fistula without surgery using folk remedies is a difficult process that requires endurance and patience. The use of microenemas can increase the patient's chances of recovery. To carry out such procedures, a special bulb with a rubber tip is required. The tool must be properly cleaned before use. To avoid damaging the tissue, the tip should be lubricated with cream or vegetable oil. Here are some effective recipes:

• A spoonful of honey should be dissolved in 100 grams of water. After this you need to prepare an infusion of herbs. For this you will need chamomile, yarrow and sage. The mixture must be poured with 200 grams of boiling water. In a separate container you need to mix both products, taking 1 dessert spoon everyone. This solution should sit for at least 30 minutes. Before going to bed, you can douche. After this, the procedure should be repeated, but using only an infusion of herbs of about 40 milliliters. In addition, it is recommended to drink 1/3 of this medicine.
• Raw potatoes must be thoroughly washed and grated along with the peel. The resulting mass should be carefully squeezed out. The resulting juice should be used for douching. A tablespoon of the product should be injected into the anus at night. The course is 10 days.
• For rectal fistula, a microenema with a solution prepared from fresh calendula flowers helps. First you need to prepare the product. You need to pour 20 grams of calendula flowers into a glass of boiling water. The product should sit well. This takes several hours. The finished infusion should be filtered and can be used for its intended purpose.

Fat against rectal fistula

Badger and bear fat will help eliminate rectal fistula. Treatment without surgery is a long process. During therapy, you can use various alternative medicines. In addition to microenemas and sitz baths, you can use tampons. They should be soaked in fat and inserted into the anus at night.

If you do not have these ingredients, you can use fresh potato sticks. They are used like fat tampons. It is worth noting that potatoes are good at soothing irritation, and also heal and cover erosions and cracks located in the anal area.

Tea Recipes

Treatment of rectal fistula without surgery can be carried out not only with the use of topical agents. To overcome the disease you can use various teas. Such remedies help cope with paraproctitis.

To prepare the drug you will need 100 grams of plantain leaves and marshmallow roots, as well as 75 grams of yarrow. All components need to be crushed and then mixed. In the evening, pour three tablespoons with 700 milliliters of boiling water. The product should sit overnight. In the morning, the finished infusion must be strained. It is recommended to drink 150 milliliters of this drug per day before meals. For greater effect, you need to take the product at least 4 times during the day. It is worth noting that the infusion allows you to cope with paraproctitis and, of course, with fistula.

Rectal fistula: treatment with St. John's wort and other herbs

This is another one effective method therapy for rectal fistula, as well as the disease that caused it. To prepare, you should take a 50-milliliter glass of herbs such as St. John's wort, basil, Japanese sofa and celandine. You will also need birch leaves. You need several of these glasses.

All crushed ingredients must be mixed and then brewed with 1.2 liters of boiling water. The container with the product should be placed on the fire and brought to a boil. You need to cook the drug for a minute over low heat. Now the broth should stand for about an hour. The finished product should be filtered and taken between main meals, at least three times a day. Dosage – tablespoon.

Experts also recommend using an infusion of these herbs for microenemas. They can be done up to 4 times during the day. After such procedures, a tampon moistened with a decoction should be applied to the places of suppuration. This remedy will help quickly eliminate rectal fistula. Treatment without surgery using the methods described above allows you to recover faster from the disease.

• Medicines
• Folk remedies

A fistula is a kind of channel that is formed to connect certain cavities of the body, tissues, or organs, in order to clean one of the cavities from the products of the inflammatory process - pus or exudate. In some cases, it is possible to perforate the fistula to remove decay products from the body, but, as a rule, this pathology forms channels deep inside the body. Fistulas indicate the presence of an inflammatory process; they should not be left untreated, since rupture of the fistula can lead to septic shock. There are a number of reasons that serve as an impetus for the formation of fistulas. The following types of fistulas are distinguished: purulent, salivary, postoperative and artificial, which are formed as bypass paths. Data about the cause of the pathology is important to understand how to cure a fistula.

To treat a fistula, it is important to know the cause of this pathology. Fistulas can form almost anywhere. Most types of fistulas are treated by surgical removal, but if the fistula is not located deeply, it is quite possible to cure it with folk remedies. There are several excellent recipes for ointments, emulsions, infusions that can give excellent results in the treatment of fistula. Baths made from infusion of plantain and kombucha are effective in treating fistulas. To prepare this infusion, you will need kombucha kvass and plantain roots. First you need to prepare the plantain; for this you need to cut it, pour boiling water over it and boil for at least 20 minutes. Next, the resulting broth must be cooled to an acceptable temperature and combined with kvass.

In the event that the fistula has an exit to the outside, it is quite possible to prepare a compress from St. John's wort. For this method of treatment, you need to take about 3-4 tablespoons of dry St. John's wort, pour 1 tbsp. water, put the mixture on the fire and boil for 5 minutes. Next, the resulting grass pulp must be carefully placed on cellophane and adjusted to the site where the hole is formed. St. John's wort perfectly draws pus from the canal. It is best to apply a compress to the affected area for at least 20 minutes, and then change it to a new one. If the discharge of pus occurs intensively, it is necessary to change the compress very often to stimulate the process. This procedure should be repeated until all exudate and pus are removed from the canal, since it is impossible to treat a fistula without freeing it from pus.

It is not uncommon for a fistula to occur in the rectal cavity, then an ointment containing oak bark, water pepper grass, lard and flax flowers is most suitable for its treatment. To prepare the ointment, you first need to grind all the plant components, and you need to ensure that the components have the smallest fraction. Next you need to melt pork fat and pour the herbal ingredients into it. The resulting composition must be placed in the oven over low heat. The preparation time for the ointment is at least 8 hours, after which the finished ointment must be placed in a warm place until it cools completely. To treat a fistula, the ointment should be placed in a tampon and applied to the affected area. You should change your tampon at least 3-4 times a day to achieve maximum results.

Among other things, you can use a tincture of aloe leaves with honey to treat fistulas. To prepare this tincture, you need to take 12 aloe leaves from a plant that is more than two years old, chop them and pour liquid honey. Next, the entire composition must be moved to a dark, warm place for 8 days. You need to use the infusion 3 tbsp. spoons after meals. Since this infusion has a general strengthening effect, it is recommended to combine its use with treatment of the affected area with furatsilin. If desired, you can replace furatsilin with Vishnevsky ointment, which has excellent anti-inflammatory and disinfecting effects. At correct use This combination of remedies can achieve positive dynamics in healing the fistula until it completely disappears.

It is worth noting that fistulas can be treated with traditional methods only if they have access to the outside. If we are talking about a fistula formed after surgical intervention and located deep inside, such treatment methods will be ineffective. The thing is that in this case, the pus in the fistula will not get out, which means it makes no sense to treat it with compresses, ointments and infusions. If fistulas occur after surgery, serious drug treatment with placing the patient in a hospital. The abscess that caused the formation of the fistula is removed and drainage is done to remove pus and exudate. The patient is also prescribed strong antibiotics in order to suppress the source of infection. Hospitalization is the only measure that is effective in combating internal fistula.

When using traditional and medicinal remedies for the treatment of fistulas, you also need to take care of additional funds that can have a positive impact on immune system person. In order for the body to cope with the infection faster, you need to drink herbal teas and infusions including chamomile and thyme, and also try to adhere to a gentle daily regimen. Special attention It is necessary to pay attention to hygiene in the area of ​​the exit of the fistula opening, since it is the exit of the pathology that is highly susceptible to infection, that is, you need to constantly ensure that the dressings are clean and fresh. This is especially true in cases where there are copious discharge pus. In addition, you need to remember that you cannot stop treatment after the first visible improvements occur, otherwise the fistula will not be cured, it will manifest itself again.

Fistula - what is it? You will find the answer to this question in the materials of the presented article. In addition, we will tell you why this pathological condition occurs, as well as what symptoms it is accompanied by and how you can get rid of it.

General information

Fistula - what is this deviation? IN medical practice such a pathological phenomenon is often called a fistula. This word is derived from the Latin “fistula” and literally means “tube”. In other words, a fistula is a kind of canal that connects a tumor or abscess with the surface or two cavities (two organs) with each other.

Appearance

Fistula - what is this pathological phenomenon, what does it look like? As a rule, such a fistula looks like a rather narrow channel, which is lined with an epithelial layer and is accompanied by characteristic discharge.

Main reasons

Why does a fistula develop? The reasons for this deviation include the following:

• After any inflammation stops, the pus usually comes out. Moreover, the channel through which it flows subsequently heals painlessly. However, in some cases (for example, if the inflammatory process has not been completely eliminated), deep in the tissue there continues to be a cavity with an infection (sometimes even with a dead area of ​​bone), and therefore the “tube” does not grow together, but forms a purulent fistula.
• Fistulas can arise from the roots of the tooth (with chronic periodontitis), passing through the gum and jaw.
• If fragments of bullets and bones were not removed in time after the blind, then suppuration also forms next to them, which leads to the development of fistulas.
• This deviation is often formed after surgical operations when the sutures suppurate near the ligatures (that is, threads used for ligating internal tissues, blood vessels etc.). In this case, a ligature fistula occurs.

Types of fistulas by location

Before starting treatment for such a deviation, its type should be determined. This is easy to do, since this classification depends primarily on the location:

• Gastric fistula. This pathology most often occurs after surgical operations (for example, after resection of the main digestive organ).
• Rectal fistula.
• Anorectal fistula. This deviation is characterized by a pathological canal coming from the anus (or rectum) to the skin.
• Fistula pararectal. It goes outward from the anal crypt to the skin.
• Rectovaginal fistula. With this disease, the rectovaginal septum is damaged.
• Duodenal, or so-called intestinal fistulas. This is the external channel coming from duodenum.
• Bronchial fistula. Such a deviation is accompanied by a pathological connection between the bronchial lumen and the pleural cavity.

Types of fistulas due to their appearance

Absolutely any fistula (photos of these deviations are presented in this article) can be classified as follows:

• Purchased. In other words, this phenomenon occurs as a result of suppuration (for example, a tooth fistula due to serious diseases such as osteomyelitis or tuberculosis.
• Congenital. In this case, fistulas arise from developmental defects (at the navel, neck, etc.)
• Created artificially. Such deviations form after surgery (for example, ligature fistula).

Types of fistulas based on contact with the environment

In this case, such a pathological phenomenon may be:

• External, that is, going directly to the skin (for example, rectal fistula).
• Internal, that is, not communicating in any way with external environment, but to connect only adjacent cavities (for example, bronchoesophageal fistula).

Types of fistulas according to the nature of the secretion that is released from them

Such fistulas include:

• purulent;
• mucous membranes;
• gall;
• urinary;
• feces, etc.

Main symptoms of the disease

Clinical picture Such pathology depends, first of all, on the location of the fistulas and the cause of their appearance.

Thus, the main symptom of this disease (external) is a hole in the skin from which fluid is released. By the way, the appearance of a fistula can be preceded by either trauma to this area, or inflammation of nearby tissues and organs, or surgery.

As for internal fistulas, most often they appear as a result of complications of chronic or acute diseases. For example, gallstones are often formed due to obstruction of the ducts by a stone. In this case, the symptoms of the deviation depend on the amount of bile that is released into the abdominal cavity. Thus, the patient may experience severe pain and pronounced digestive tract disorders.

Bronchoesophageal fistulas are often complicated by food entering the tracheobronchial tree. It is this fact that leads to the development aspiration pneumonia or bronchitis with corresponding symptoms.

Rectal fistula can be identified by the following symptoms:

• The presence of a barely noticeable hole in the anus (on the skin). In this case, the patient may experience copious discharge of pus, and therefore he is forced to constantly wear a pad and regularly take a shower.
• Aching pain in the anus. As a rule, such sensations are most intense during bowel movements, and then they noticeably subside.

A fistula on the gum is determined by such signs as:

• severe tooth mobility;
• tooth pain that gets worse when touched;
• purulent discharge.

Diagnostic methods

If you observe at least one of the above symptoms, you need to immediately consult a doctor to make a correct diagnosis. It should be noted that specialists do not encounter any particular difficulties in diagnosing such a deviation. After all, it is based on collecting anamnesis, studying the characteristic complaints of patients, the type of fistula, analyzing the composition and amount of fluid released, as well as changing the functioning of the affected organs.

To clarify the direction and length of the fistula canal, as well as its direct connection with the lesion, probing and radiography are often used together with the introduction of a contrast agent into the passage.

By the way, you can clarify the diagnosis of “gastric fistula” with the help of studies for the presence of hydrochloric acid. If it is present in the canal, then this indicates the gastric location of the fistula. But for urinary fistula characterized by the presence of uric acid salts.

It should be especially noted that external fistulas are much easier to diagnose than internal ones. After all, they have a characteristic hole that is visible to a specialist with the naked eye. As for internal fistulas, they should be identified not only by existing symptoms and patient complaints, but also using diagnostic methods such as ultrasound, radiography and endoscopy.

Fistula: treatment with official medicine

Therapy for patients with external fistulas is based on:

• local treatment;
• general therapeutic;
• operational.

Under local therapy involve the treatment of the resulting wound, as well as the protection of the surrounding tissues from the effects of fluid that is released from the canal. For example, if the fistula is on the leg, abdomen, etc., then the purulent area is treated by various means(ointments, pastes and powders). They are applied at the external opening of the canal, thereby preventing the skin from coming into contact with pus, mucus, etc.

In addition, chemical agents can be used that prevent irritation of external tissues by neutralizing secretions from the fistula passage. For this, it is recommended to use enzymes (for example, “Gordox”, “Kontrikal”, etc.).

Mechanical methods of protecting the skin are aimed, first of all, at reducing or completely stopping discharge from the canal using special devices.

For general treatment purulent and other fistulas are treated with constant rinsing with an antiseptic solution.

Tubular granulating passages quite often close on their own after eliminating the causes of their occurrence (for example, removal of bone sequestration, ligature, etc.). But labiform fistulas never go away on their own. To treat such deviations, only surgical intervention is used to excise them, suturing the external holes, or resection of the affected organ.

It should also be noted that in some cases, surgeons create fistulas artificially specifically so that the patient can eat, or in order to remove accumulated secretions from any internal organ. These channels can be either permanent or temporary. After the patient's condition improves, the temporary channels close surgically.

In addition to external ones, internal fistulas (interorgan) are also created artificially. As a rule, they are imposed either for a long time or for life.

Treatment of fistula with folk remedies

Of course, treatment of such a deviation requires mandatory consultation with an experienced doctor. Indeed, with untimely and incorrect treatment, a fistula can lead to serious complications that can endanger human life.

But, despite this likelihood, adherents of alternative medicine still use numerous folk methods to close the resulting fistulas. Let's look at some of them in more detail.

Treatment of ligature fistula with aloe

To prepare the medicine, you need to take 10-12 fleshy arrows from the presented plant, and then wash them in warm boiled water. Next, the aloe needs to be finely chopped and placed in a liter jar. Pour 300 g of any honey into the container, cover loosely and place in a dark place for 7-10 days. In this case, after 4-5 days it is advisable to mix the mass well. Finally, the tincture must be strained several times and taken a dessert spoon three times a day.

Ointment for external fistulas

This ointment is good for healing and treating vaginal fistulas and for this we need water pepper grass, oak bark, lard and flax flowers. All imposed plants must be chopped, and then placed in some container and immediately poured with melted lard. In this case, the ratio of fat and herbs should be one to two.

After these steps, you need to place the filled dish in the oven and turn on low heat. It is advisable to heat the ointment for at least 7-11 hours. Finally, the medicine must be cooled at room temperature. The method of treatment with this ointment is quite simple. To do this, you need to make a cotton swab, generously lubricate it with the product, and then apply it to the fistula opening. It is advisable to change dressings every five hours.

Decoctions for external fistulas

Infusions and decoctions medicinal chamomile Use only externally - for washing holes. To prepare them, you need to take 1 large spoon of dried flowers, brew them with one glass of boiling water, and then leave for 60 minutes and filter.

Also, decoctions made from calendula are used to wash fistulas and create compresses.

Prevention

Now you know how to treat a fistula, what it is, and why it occurs. Prevention of acquired channels should include the prevention of infectious diseases. In addition, it is necessary to strictly observe the rules of asepsis during surgical interventions.

Regarding prevention congenital fistulas, then this is impossible, since the disease occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy.

A fistula is understood as a canal formed during the process of inflammation, which is accompanied by the formation of purulent cavities. It is formed when there is no other outlet for pus and is a narrow channel lined from the inside epithelial tissue.

Causes and types

Umbilical fistula is a congenital phenomenon and often occurs in infants

Based on the cause of their occurrence, fistulas are distinguished between acquired and congenital. The first occur during the inflammatory process or as a result of surgical operations. Congenital – a developmental anomaly. As a rule, they are located on the lateral or anterior surface of the neck; less often, an umbilical fistula develops.

Acquired fistulas can be classified according to the following characteristics.

In relation to the environment:

• external (extending directly to the skin - for example, the rectum);
• internal (not communicating with the external environment - bronchoesophageal).

According to the nature of the secretion released from the fistula:

• slimy;
• purulent;
• uric;
• gall;
• feces, etc.

By type of organ affected:

• gastric;
• esophageal;
• intestinal, etc.

Umbilical fistula is a disease that often occurs in a newborn baby or fetus. This is usually discovered during pregnancy when ultrasound examination or immediately after cutting the umbilical cord.

An anal fistula often occurs after drainage or natural rupture of an abscess. It usually goes away within a few weeks, but sometimes there are cases where the disease lasts for several years. An anal fistula may be a consequence of tuberculosis, paraproctitis or actinomycosis of the anus.

At pathological childbirth(for example, prolonged, perineal rupture after childbirth, prolonged anhydrous interval, postpartum injuries) a rectovaginal fistula may develop. Among the reasons for its appearance one can also name inflammatory processes in a postoperative wound after surgery during childbirth.

A perirectal fistula is a pathological canal connecting any cavity or surface of the body with the focus of the disease (ulcer or tumor). In addition, this type of fistula sometimes forms between two organs. It is a consequence of acute paraproctitis.

Epithelial coccygeal tract– a disease in which in the area of ​​the intergluteal fold, in the area of ​​the sacrum and coccyx there is subcutaneous cyst with purulent contents, which can burst and form a coccygeal fistula. A fistula on the coccyx is often observed in men, mainly young and middle-aged, who have strong hair. The formation of this type of disease can be provoked by direct trauma in the sacrococcygeal region.

A postoperative purulent canal is formed due to impaired blood circulation in the tissues. Often occurs as a result of incorrectly placed sutures or due to infection, as well as when the tumor resolves. As a rule, they affect a pair of adjacent organs.

One of the most dangerous is duodenal fistula. Complications from this type of disease can even lead to death. Such a fistula can develop after surgery affecting the abdominal organs.

Symptoms

Digestive system disorder is a symptom of biliary fistula

The clinical picture of the disease is specific to various types of fistulas and depends on their location, as well as the cause of their appearance.

The main symptom of an external fistula is a hole in the skin from which a characteristic fluid is released. The appearance of a fistula can be caused by trauma in this area or inflammation nearby organs and tissues, as well as surgical intervention.

Internal fistulas are a consequence of complications of acute or chronic diseases. For example, gallstones can form due to obstruction of the ducts by a stone. The clinical picture in this case depends on the amount of bile released into the abdominal cavity, pain syndrome and the severity of the digestive system disorder.

Bronchoesophageal fistulas can be complicated by the constant entry of food into the tracheobronchial tree, which can, in turn, lead to the development of bronchitis or aspiration pneumonia.

Diagnosis of the disease

Radiography is used for more accurate diagnosis of fistula parameters

As a rule, there are no particular difficulties in diagnosing the disease. Diagnosis is based on the study of characteristic complaints of patients, collection of anamnesis, type of fistula, analysis of the amount and composition of discharged pus, and in the case of interorgan varieties - on changes in the functions of the affected organs.

To clarify the length and direction of the fistula passage, as well as its connection with the pathological focus, probing and radiography are often used together with the introduction of a contrast agent into the fistula.

The diagnosis can be clarified by testing for the presence of hydrochloric acid. Its presence indicates the gastric location of the fistula.

A urinary fistula is characterized by the presence of uric acid salts. External fistulas are quite easy to diagnose because they have a characteristic exit hole.

When diagnosing internal ones, radiography, ultrasound and endoscopy are required.

Treatment

IN traditional medicine When treating a fistula, preference is given to surgical intervention

As a rule, a fistula has to be treated surgically, since conservative therapy cannot help in this matter. Depending on the location of the disease, you should contact the appropriate specialists. It is recommended to treat fistulas immediately when they are detected, without delay.

Sometimes the patient is practically not bothered by pain, and there is no urgent need for surgery. However, removal of the fistula is necessary, since it is the source chronic infection. Delaying treatment can lead to damage to organs such as the kidneys and heart; joints also suffer. Often, fistulas can lead to the formation of a tumor.

Sometimes, during anti-inflammatory therapy, the cavity is cleansed of purulent discharge, which significantly facilitates the healing process. However, if the fistula tract is covered with epithelium from the inside, then independent healing does not occur. In this case, surgical intervention is performed to cut out the tissue and then stitch the canal.

Treatment with folk remedies

Tincture with olive oil will help heal the fistula completely

As a rule, to cure a fistula on their own, patients turn to folk medicine with her centuries of experience. Treatment with folk remedies can be quite effective, up to complete recovery.

1. Mix in equal quantities olive oil with vodka. Wipe the sore areas with the resulting mixture, preferably several times a day. Then tie a cabbage leaf to this place to draw out the pus. The course of such procedures lasts several weeks, after which the purulent canal usually disappears.
2. Fistulas on the skin can be cured with this recipe. Mix aloe juice and mumiyo juice. It is worth noting that to obtain mumiyo juice, it must be soaked in water until a dark solution forms. Apply a bandage soaked in this mixture to the sore spot and leave for a long time.
3. The disease will also go away after compresses from St. John's wort. To do this, take 2 tbsp. l. St. John's wort herb, pour 1.5 glasses of water, boil. Afterwards, you must carefully strain the resulting broth. St. John's wort leaves should be placed on cellophane film and the affected area should be covered with this film. If the compress turns out to be hot, that's even good. After this procedure, the sore spot should be rinsed with the remaining infusion. Such procedures should be carried out until pus begins to discharge from the fistula.
4. Rectal fistula can also be treated using traditional methods. Take oak bark a small amount of flax flowers and water pepper grass, a little lard. Grind all the ingredients and pour in melted lard. Observe the following proportions: for one glass of grass and bark, two glasses of lard are required.

Place the container with the resulting mass in the oven and heat over low heat. The process is lengthy and can take half a day. After this, the mixture should be cooled. Do cotton swabs, moisten them in the resulting cream and apply to the sore spot. The course of such procedures takes up to three weeks.

Vaginal fistula can be treated in the same way.

If you have this problem, don't panic. The most important thing is to start treatment on time, without delay.

Disease prevention