What to do if a child vomits without fever? Nausea and vomiting in diseases of the nervous system and mental disorders. What diseases does vomiting without fever indicate?

Vomiting is the involuntary expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. The diaphragm lowers and the glottis closes. In the stomach, its upper section sharply relaxes, while a spasm occurs in the lower section. The muscles of the diaphragm and abdomen contract sharply, which causes the release of undigested foods up the esophagus. In this case, there arise discomfort: sore throat due to a scratched trachea, taste of bile or acid in the mouth, foul odor.

This condition can be caused by the most various reasons. So vomiting in a child can occur at any age, and parents should be prepared for this.

In an infant, the main reason for vomiting (not to be confused with) is the development of digestion. For those who are older, this unpleasant reflex can be caused by a variety of diseases and external factors. This is a defensive reaction to an irritant, an attempt to get rid of toxic substances.

Nutrition

1. Eating low-quality foods.
2. Overeating, force-feeding a child, eating large amounts of very fatty foods - this explains vomiting after eating.
3. Drug poisoning.
4. Aversion to food.

Diseases

Problems with the gastrointestinal tract

1. Dysentery, salmonellosis.
2. Acute abdomen syndrome.
3. In newborns: stenosis, diverticulum, achalasia, pylorospasm, hernia.
4. If you have a temperature of 38°C and vomiting, this may be stomach flu.
5. Gastritis.

Cranial pathologies

1. Severe migraine.
2. Frequent dizziness.
3. Concussion.
4. Bruns syndrome.
5. Head injury.
6. Posterior fossa syndrome.

Other health problems

1. High temperature is not only an accompanying symptom of vomiting, but most often causes it itself.
2. If a child usually vomits in the morning, the causes should be sought in serious illnesses: infections, meningitis, brain tumors, acute appendicitis.
3. Allergy.
4. In infants, the causes may be neurological pathologies, foreign body in the stomach, pyloric stenosis.
5. Coughing.
6. Vomiting with rotavirus is one of the main symptoms.
7. Metabolic disease.
8. Anicteric hepatitis.
9. Kidney failure.
10. Vomiting is often observed with.
11. Diabetes.
12. Acute heart failure.
13. Nose bleed.
14. Purulent otitis.

External factors

1. Motion sickness in transport.
2. Fears, anxiety, stress. A characteristic sign is green vomit.
3. Sunstroke.
4. If vomiting occurs at night, the provoking factors most often are not only stomach problems, poisoning, but also severe fright (I had a nightmare), stuffy air and low humidity in the room.
5. If a child has a fever after vomiting, it could be either a rotavirus infection or heatstroke (overheating).

Sometimes there is vomiting with, but there is no direct physiological connection between them. Rather, the first is a consequence of the second. The reasons in this case may be elevated temperature, force feeding, swallowing large amounts of air while screaming and crying.

There are many causes of childhood vomiting. Only the most attentive parents will be able to accurately tell its cause, but for this it is better suited medical diagnostics. Moreover, in medical practice there are different types this defense mechanism.

Terminology. In medical sources you can find the following concepts identical to vomiting: autamesia, anabolia, blennemesis, gastrorrhea, hematomesis, hydremesis, hyperemesis, pyemesis.

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Kinds

There are several classifications of childhood vomiting. Depending on the concomitant diseases and the nature of vomit in a child can be recognized by the following types.

1. Cyclic ketonemic.
2. Hepatogenic.
3. Renal.
4. Diabetic.
5. Cardiac.
6. Abdominal.
7. Psychogenic.
8. Bloody.
9. Cerebral.

Children are often diagnosed with acetonemic vomiting - this is the name of a pathological condition with an increase in the concentration of ketone bodies in the blood plasma. It manifests itself as stereotypical recurring attacks, which alternate with periods of satisfactory physical condition. There are primary (idiopathic) - a consequence of errors in the diet (hunger pauses, an abundance of fat) and secondary - developing against the background of infectious, somatic, endocrine diseases, damage to the central nervous system.

Correctly determine its type and place accurate diagnosis Only a qualified doctor can do this. Although, before his consultation, parents should observe for themselves what associated symptoms characterizes the child's condition.

Educational program for parents. Children's acetonemic vomiting in medicine can also be referred to as non-diabetic ketoacidosis.

Clinical picture

Vomiting without symptoms is quite rare. Most often it is accompanied by some deviations in the child’s condition. They will help to recognize the underlying disease that caused this trouble. Therefore, the primary task of parents before the doctor arrives is to observe what else characteristic manifestations accompanied by vomiting.

Vomiting without fever

Severe vomiting in a child without fever is not considered separate disease, requiring therapy specifically directed against it. This is a symptom of one of the pathologies that affects a small organism. These include:

• Gastrointestinal diseases: and abdominal pain;
• pathologies of metabolic processes;
• general intoxication: a reaction to medications or food poisoning - in such cases, the child usually vomits after eating or consuming a specific drug;
• serious problems with the nervous system can manifest themselves in behavioral disorders: the child becomes capricious, uncontrollable, eats and sleeps poorly;

If observed frequent vomiting without fever in the morning - this is in most cases problems with the central nervous system, if in the evenings and nights - with the stomach.

Vomiting with fever

A much greater danger is vomiting and fever in one tandem. This indicates the presence of an inflammatory reaction and infectious infection in the small organism. They need to be eliminated as soon as possible, before things develop into complications, which are not uncommon in such cases. Here you need to call a doctor and follow all his instructions exactly. There is no way around this without treatment (sometimes even inpatient treatment).

If a child is vomiting with a fever, it is important to track the moment and how they relate in time. If the fever started first, it could provoke nausea with all the ensuing consequences. If at the same time, it is an intestinal infection. If it’s later, it can be either harmless or dangerous meningitis.

Other symptoms

• The child has a stomach ache and vomiting - this is food poisoning or infection.
• Vomiting bile is dangerous, which can be a symptom of cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, viral hepatitis, intestinal infection.
• Strong (especially in the morning) headache and vomiting is a common sign of a concussion.
• If this is vomiting with blood, you need to exclude injuries to the esophagus, stomach, or ulcer.
• In infants, vomiting with mucus is often not a symptom of disease, while in older children it can be caused by food poisoning.
• At colds or prolonged fasting, vomiting of water is possible.
• One of the most dangerous is vomiting foam, which requires immediate hospitalization of the child, as it can be a consequence of acute intestinal infection, meningitis, hepatitis, myocardial infarction, cancer.
• Infants may vomit like a fountain, the cause of which may lie either in banal overfeeding or in complex developmental pathologies.

Vomit color

1. Yellow: food poisoning, appendicitis, intestinal infection.
2. Red: gastric bleeding, damage to the esophagus or gastrointestinal mucosa.
3. Green: a large amount of greens in the diet or stress.
4. Black: abuse of activated carbon, chemotherapy.

Sometimes vomiting occurs without symptoms: if it happens once, there is no need to worry. This is a reaction of a small stomach to some product or external factor. But if it repeats several times a day, then, despite the absence of accompanying symptoms, you need to see a doctor. And before his arrival, provide the patient with first aid so as not to lead to complications.

Keep in mind. There is no need to be happy if a child’s vomiting is asymptomatic - you still need to see a doctor so that complications do not arise later.

First aid

Reasons for concern and reasons to call a doctor (ambulance):

1. Temperature increase.
2. Unbearable abdominal pain, profuse pain.
3. Lethargy, loss of consciousness, cold sweat, pallor of the skin.
4. Child's age is up to 1 year.
5. Repeated, incessant vomiting.

Parents should know what first aid is for a child vomiting before he is examined by a doctor. In 90% of cases it helps to avoid unpleasant consequences, and also significantly alleviates the patient’s condition.

1. Lay him in bed with his head turned to one side. Place a towel under your cheek and chin to vomit again.
2. Place the baby in your arms horizontally on its side.
3. Don't give anything to eat.
4. Antipyretics (paracetamol) should be given only after the temperature rises to 38°C.
5. During an attack, sit up, tilting your torso slightly forward. This will prevent vomit from entering the lungs.
6. After each attack, rinse your mouth with clean, cool water, wash, change clothes.
7. Do not scare the child with panic: do not scream, do not wail, do not discuss his illness with others, do not cry. Act decisively, calmly, quickly. Support the patient with strokes and words.
8. Parents often ask what to give their child when vomiting before the doctor arrives. After an attack, allow him to take 2-3 sips of water.
9. It can be replaced with glucose-saline solutions, which are purchased at the pharmacy. In such cases, Regidron, Tsitroglucosalan, Gastrolit, Oralit, etc. are helpful. Dilute strictly according to the recipe. Drink 1-2 teaspoons every 10 minutes. Infants - 2-3 drops.
10. As for a specific remedy, parents who do not know how to stop their child’s vomiting can recommend Smecta.
11. After diarrhea, wash the child and change panties.
12. Pack your things for hospitalization (just in case).
13. Leave the vomit and feces for examination by a doctor.

But what to do if a child has vomiting without diarrhea and fever without any impurities or other dangerous symptoms? Be alert: do the same according to the instructions and carefully monitor his condition. At the first signs of deterioration or constantly recurring attacks, you still cannot do without qualified medical assistance.

And keep in mind: it is undesirable to transport a small patient yourself, as he will be shaken even more in the car and he may get worse. A series of diagnostic tests will await you at the hospital.

It is forbidden! When vomiting, solutions of potassium permanganate and alcohol are strictly prohibited.

Diagnostics

Typically, diagnosis does not cause difficulties, since the cause is easily identified even before the doctors arrive based on the accompanying symptoms. If it remains unclear, more thorough research is carried out.

Analysis of information

The doctor interviews the parents and finds out the following points:

• when vomiting appeared;
• frequency of attacks;
• does relief come after them?
• Is there a connection with food intake?
• volume of vomit and feces;
• the presence of impurities in them;
• their character;
• whether the child has been ill with anything during the last 2 weeks;
• what infections did you have?
• are there any abdominal surgeries and when were they performed;
• Do the parents themselves suspect food poisoning;
• weight changes over the past 2 weeks.

Inspection

Doctor during examination little patient defines:

• temperature;
• presence of signs of infection (rash, seizures);
• symptoms of poisoning;
• general state: pulse, pressure, breathing rate, reflexes;
• degree of dehydration (skin elasticity, weight change);
• the presence of symptoms indicating diseases of the digestive system: changes in stool, tense abdominal wall, enlarged liver, bloating;
• visual examination of vomit and feces for the presence of impurities.

Laboratory methods

Here you will need to pass basic tests:

• blood test (most often general);
• Analysis of urine.

Instrumental methods

• Ultrasound of the peritoneum determines the size of the liver, lymph nodes, spleen, allows you to identify problems with the digestive tract;
• Ultrasound of the brain;
• fibrogastroduodenoscopy - examination using an endoscope of the stomach to diagnose gastrointestinal diseases;
• X-ray of the peritoneal organs with contrast, when a special substance is used, against the background of which gastrointestinal pathologies are clearly visible.

Depending on what disease doctors suspect, the child may be sent for additional consultations to various specialists(gastroenterologist, cardiologist, neurologist, urologist, endocrinologist, etc.). They will confirm or refute the suspected diagnosis. After this, treatment will be prescribed.

Useful information for parents. If you are prescribed neurosonography in the hospital, do not be afraid of the terrible medical term. This is an ultrasound of the brain.

Treatment

For vomiting in children, doctors prescribe treatment mainly in two directions. First, symptomatic drugs of temporary action to stop the unpleasant reflex and relieve associated symptoms. Secondly, therapy for the underlying disease that caused this condition.

Drug treatment

1. Glucose-salt solutions.
2. Anti-vomiting drugs approved for children: Smecta (absorbent, stops intoxication, can be given to children from birth), Cerucal (blocks vomiting reflex at the level of brain signals, allowed from 2 years), Enterofuril (an antimicrobial drug, prescribed for infectious vomiting, from 1 month), Domperidone (from 5 years), Motilium, No-spasm, Primadofilus.
3. Homeopathy: Bryonia, Aetusa, Nux vomica, Antimonium crudum.
4. Recovery normal operation stomach: Hilak forte, Bifidumbacterin, Linex, Lactofiltrum, Mezim, Pancreatin, Tsipol, Bifiform, Bificol, Enterol, Colibacterin, Bifilin, Lactobacterin, bacteriophages and probiotics.
5. Sorbents eliminate intoxication: Polyphepan, Polysorb, Activated carbon, Neosmectin, Enterosgel.
6. For diarrhea, the following are prescribed: Calcium carbonate, Bismuth, Diarol, Tanalbin, Imodium.
7. If intestinal infections are detected, antibiotic therapy cannot be avoided: Ercefuril, Furazolidone, Nevigramon, Nergam, Gentamicin, Rifampicin, Tienam, Kanamycin, Meronem, Ciprofloxacin, Anamycin sulfate, Ceftazidime.
8. Intramuscular or intravenous administration of antispasmodics (No-Shpa solution), m-anticholinergic agents (Atropine solution), metoclopramide (Reglan, Cerucal).
9. If all of the above therapy is ineffective, antipsychotics (Etaperazine) can be used against vomiting in children.
10. In case of poisoning, detoxification and gastric lavage are carried out.
11. When tumors are detected, intestinal obstruction, pyloric stenosis, a decision is made on surgical intervention.

If the child is under one year old, it is better to use drugs in the form of a suspension, syrup or suppositories. After a year, you can use anti-vomiting tablets for children, but again only with the permission of a doctor.

Treatment with folk remedies

Traditional medicine has also not avoided this problem. However, parents often abuse these means too much. It is best to consult a doctor about what you can give your child for vomiting at home. After all, some recipes can only worsen the condition if there are any serious health problems. The following folk remedies have minimal harm and maximum effect.

• Dill seeds

Prepare a decoction: pour 1 teaspoon into a glass (200 ml) of water (already hot), boil over medium heat for 5 minutes. Cool. Give 20-50 ml every 2 hours.

• Melissa tincture

Pour 20 grams of lemon balm into a liter of boiling water. Leave for 5 hours. Strain. Drink often, but little by little.

• Ginger decoction

Grind ginger, 2 tbsp. spoons pour a glass of boiling water. Steam over low heat for a quarter of an hour. Strain. Give 50 ml once every 2 hours.

• Mint infusion

Pour 20 grams of mint (it’s better to take peppermint) with a glass of boiling water. Leave for half an hour with the lid closed. Take 20 ml every 3 hours.

• Milk-yolk mixture

Beat warm milk with yolk. Give frequently, 2 tablespoons at a time. Stops severe convulsive vomiting.

• Horsetail infusion

2 tbsp. spoons of horsetail pour 500 ml of boiling water. Strain after an hour. Give to drink often, but in small sips.

• Fees

Mix 3 teaspoons of lemon balm, 4 of chamomile flowers, 3 of peppermint. Brew a glass of boiling water. Leave for an hour, strain. Give 50 ml every 3 hours.

• Valerian root decoction

Pour 1 teaspoon of crushed valerian root into a glass of water. Boil over low heat for a quarter of an hour. Strain, cool, give 20 ml up to 5 times a day.

In addition to these effective folk recipes, you can stop vomiting in a child at home:

• steeply brewed green tea;
• chicken egg whites;
• elecampane roots;
• blackberry branches;
• sagebrush;
• tansy;
• a mixture of honey and nettle seed;
• a mixture of honey and ivy leaf.

Antiemetics approved for children are very effective, but any delay can be dangerous. This protective process greatly exhausts the body, provokes depletion of vitality and dehydration. The child’s health is at stake, so you shouldn’t take risks by self-medicating. Another important aspect of therapy is the diet for vomiting, which helps improve the patient’s well-being and normalize digestion.

Therapeutic diet

Parents should be familiar with the basic principles of the diet and know what to feed the child after and during vomiting.

1. It is recommended to give food only 5 hours after the attack.
2. The first dishes after this break should be liquid or chopped.
3. Meals - in small portions, but often, approximately every 3 hours.
4. Products should be fortified and light.
5. There is no need to force a child to eat - this can provoke a second attack.
6. Do not create a diet yourself - only with the permission of your pediatrician.
7. Reduce dietary fats to a minimum in the first three days after attacks. They make it difficult for the stomach to work.
8. Reduce carbohydrate content in food. They promote fermentation processes in the intestines.
9. The main dish for children under one year of age is breast milk. Over a year old - milk buckwheat and rice porridge, but the milk must be pasteurized. It is better to dilute it with water in equal proportions.

Authorized products:

• sweet, strong tea;
• white crackers;
• veal meat soufflé;
• buckwheat, rice porridge;
• boiled chicken breast;
• vegetable broth;
• zoological cookies;
• low-fat kefir.

Prohibited products:

• sparkling water;
• instant noodles;
• chips;
• crackers;
• fried, sour, salty foods;
• whole cow's milk, porridge with it;
• rye bread, crackers from it;
• green vegetables;
• greenery;
• raw fruits;
• grapes, juice from them;
• baking;
• fish;
• fat meat;
• mushrooms;
• beef, fish, mushroom broths.

So it is necessary to treat vomiting in a child comprehensively. Despite the bias towards modern medicines, parents should not neglect medications and use folk remedies as little as possible without the permission of doctors.

Exact adherence to the diet will give excellent results and will contribute to the speedy recovery of the little patient. If you wait until everything ends on its own, something irreparable can happen - complications that will later affect the fate of the child.

For reference. Smecta is a natural sorbent with flavorings and sweeteners as additives. In the gastrointestinal tract, it forms a barrier film that prevents the absorption of toxins and bacteria.

Complications

If you don't stop your child's vomiting, it can lead to serious complications. The most dangerous consequences for his health in this situation may be:

• dehydration, which can be fatal if not treated appropriately;
• profuse and frequent vomiting can lead to injuries, wounds, ruptures of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, pharynx, and stomach;
• aspiration pneumonia when vomit enters the respiratory system;
• caries, since gastric juice entering the oral cavity destroys tooth enamel(you can find out what to do if a child has a toothache from).

If this is a one-time reflex that is not repeated often, there is no need to panic. But if there is profuse, constant vomiting (several times a day or a week), this is a reason to consult a doctor. Considering the danger of the gag reflex for small children, it is necessary to prevent it in a timely manner, which will reduce the risk of complications.

And further. Not only post-vomiting dehydration of a small organism can lead to death. There have been cases when a child choked on vomit. This happens if he is at home alone and cannot help himself.

Prevention

Preventive measures to prevent frequent and profuse vomiting include:

• prevention and treatment of any diseases, exclusion of complications and relapses;
• high-quality food, food processing in accordance with sanitary and hygienic requirements;
• prevention of poisoning by medicinal, household, industrial, and chemical agents;
• timely isolation of patients during an epidemic of infectious diseases;
• immunoprophylaxis;
• competent child care for the prevention of aspiration pneumonia;
• compliance with hygiene standards, especially washing hands before eating;
• creating a favorable psychological atmosphere;
• Do not give your child medications without a doctor’s prescription.

All parents have experienced childhood vomiting at least once. If it is not accompanied by fever and other dangerous accompanying symptoms, is one-time in nature and it is known for certain that it was provoked by a certain product, perhaps the danger can be avoided. But in all other cases, visiting a doctor and complex therapy are mandatory. Otherwise, home self-medication may result in too high a price.

Vomiting is always a symptom of some disease. It does not appear on its own and requires treatment. At the same time, children often vomit without fever.

The most common cause of this is poisoning. In this case, vomiting in a 4-year-old child occurs 1-2 hours after eating. In addition, after a while there may be diarrhea. The general condition of the baby, as a rule, is not disturbed, unless the cause of poisoning is dangerous microorganisms or viruses.

Vomiting in a child 4 years of age can be one-time or repeated. In the first case, you can simply observe the child and not take any action, unless, of course, other symptoms of the disease appear. As for repeated vomiting, you should not decide on your own what to do if a child is vomiting, but you should immediately call a doctor. Before the ambulance arrives, you should calm the baby down and give him small portions of a solution of rehydron or ordinary boiled water.

Under no circumstances should you feed the child or perform gastric lavage.

Also, the cause of vomiting in a 4-year-old child without signs of intoxication may be a reaction to medications. As a rule, it occurs immediately after taking the tablets (solution) or within 30 minutes. In this case, you should refuse this drug and notify the doctor so that he can prescribe another remedy for treatment.

In order to understand how to behave if a child is vomiting, what to do in this situation, you need to find out the reason. If vomiting occurs after eating poor-quality food, you need to wait until the stomach clears itself and only then begin treatment.

First of all, you need to use sorbents, for example, activated carbon. You shouldn't feed your baby. You should also drink liquids in small portions. In this case, you can use herbal decoctions, dried fruit compotes, and so on.

If the cause of vomiting in a 4-year-old child is an allergic reaction, you should, in addition to the medications listed above, give the child antihistamines. It is also very important to determine what exactly the reaction occurred to. Special attention should be given to the child if vomiting occurs after taking the medicine. In this case, you also need to achieve complete cleansing of the stomach and give the baby something to drink. It would be a good idea to read the annotation for the drug to which your baby had a reaction. It should indicate what measures should be taken in case of poisoning. But, at the same time, some tablets can cause vomiting due to their taste. In this case, no action should be taken. Thus, we can conclude: before treating vomiting, you need to find out the cause of its occurrence and call a doctor. Only after this can treatment of the child begin.

An attack of child vomiting is always a surprise; young parents perceive it as dangerous disease or do not attach any importance, but the same problem always arises: how to stop a child from vomiting. Children's vomiting can be both a household problem and a symptom of a life-threatening disease for the baby. In some cases, symptoms can be eliminated with home remedies, but in other circumstances, the baby’s health depends on the timeliness of medical care.

To alleviate the condition of the baby and his peace of mind, the first measures taken by the parents are important. Any unpleasant manifestations that appear must be correctly qualified and accepted. adequate measures, correlated with the general condition of the child.

An attack of vomiting cannot be considered as an independent disease. As a rule, vomiting is only one of the symptoms of pathology; by monitoring the baby, you can quite accurately determine the cause of the attack and take adequate, timely measures. To find out how to stop vomiting in a child, you need to find out the cause of its occurrence.

The cause of children's vomiting can be health- and life-threatening pathologies, as well as everyday problems caused by the reluctance to eat an unloved dish. strong fear, migraine, dizziness.

Factors that provoke infant vomiting are divided into 5 groups.

First group

The first group of reasons is noted most often and is associated with food intake:

1. Food poisoning. The entry of harmful substances into the body causes spasms, the stomach tries to free itself from low-quality food. Is the attack one-time or is it a series of several urges, up to complete removal stomach contents. Occurs within 0.5–1.5 hours after eating.
2. Drug poisoning. Symptoms are similar to those described above and appear after a long time (1–2 hours).
3. Binge eating. Usually the attack appears 20–30 minutes after eating.
4. Aversion to certain foods. The child vomits while eating or immediately after eating.

Second group

The second group is caused by the presence of diseases of the digestive tract; pathologies require long-term drug treatment:

1. Salmonellosis, intestinal flu (rotavirus infection), dysentery. Along with vomiting, diarrhea is observed, sharp increase body temperature, severe pain along the intestines, flatulence.
2. In newborns - stenosis, hernia, diverticulum, etc. (in the absence of gastrointestinal patency). The baby loses weight, is restless, cries a lot, the tummy is tense, vomiting occurs during feeding or immediately after breastfeeding.
3. Gastritis. The child complains of nausea, pain in the epigastric region, stool disorders, and often weakness. Vomiting occurs after eating, accompanied by severe nausea, accompanied by heartburn, belching.
4. Dysbacteriosis. Attacks occur against the background of severe wandering pain in the intestines, flatulence, and loose stools.

Third group

The third group is associated with diseases and conditions that require immediate hospitalization of the child; they are caused by dangerous craniocerebral pathologies:

• meningitis;
• traumatic brain injury;
• concussion.

Attacks of vomiting occur immediately after the incident, in the morning, after a sudden change in body position, along with them there are severe headaches, nausea, and dizziness. Confusion and visual disturbances are present.

Fourth group

The fourth group includes attacks provoked by other diseases and painful conditions:

• increased body temperature during teething;
• allergies;
• increased body temperature as a result of colds;
• purulent otitis;
• sunstroke.

Fifth group

The fifth group includes factors caused by everyday reasons:

• too much motion sickness;
• motion sickness in transport;
• feeling of intense fear.

In this way, the children's nervous system reacts to uncomfortable conditions.

Repeated vomiting, repeated at certain intervals (several minutes, an hour, tens of hours), signals dangerous diseases.

The types of multiple attacks are conventionally ranked according to the degree of danger, depending on body temperature indicators.

Treatment of vomiting begins after determining the cause

Particular attention is paid to the type of vomit. The presence of green color, inclusions of blood, bile or mucus requires urgently call a doctor.

Increasing attacks of vomiting, the occurrence of convulsions, and frequent loose stools are dangerous for the child’s health.

Urgent care for the baby before the doctor arrives is to rinse the mouth warm water, soldering with saline solutions (see table below). The baby is given saline solution frequently, at intervals of 15–20 minutes, and given small portions (30–50 g).

Treatment of vomiting in infants

Care for vomiting in a newborn differs significantly from that for older children. A common cause of vomiting in infants is insufficient development of the digestive tract. Among the complications associated with this is overfeeding the baby; excess food enters the esophagus, causing a gag reflex.

To eliminate symptoms, you need:

1. Give your baby less breast milk, mixtures, complementary foods.
2. Hold the baby after column feeding for 25–35 minutes. The older children are in vertical position half an hour after eating.
3. Immediately after feeding, there is no need to shake the baby or play outdoor games with him.
4. You should not put pressure on the baby's stomach (wear tight clothes, hold him in this area).

In children of the first – third year of life, the gag reflex is caused by unloved food. The baby refuses to eat, he is force-fed, and vomiting occurs as a response to unwanted actions. After the incident, the child’s mouth is rinsed with warm water and the food is replaced with something more acceptable.

Factor vomiting In infants and older children, heatstroke occurs. The baby was wrapped up tightly and kept in the sun. To eliminate symptoms, the child is undressed, placed in a cool room, body temperature is brought down, and given cool, clean, salted water.

If a newborn is poisoned by medications, then gastric lavage is required; the procedure is not done in case of food poisoning (the risk of loss of consciousness is high).

Fever, signs of a cold, and vomiting will indicate a respiratory disease and appropriate treatment will be required. To eliminate the urge to vomit, use a saline solution, which is easy to make yourself. For cooking you will need 1 tsp. sugar, ¼ salt, a glass of filtered water. Dissolve salt and sugar in water, give the baby 2-3 teaspoons of the mixture (10 minute interval). During illness, give a lot of ordinary purified water for drinking and decoctions. Teas are not recommended for newborns.

Attention! If a newborn baby loses weight, vomits after each feeding, cries, sleeps poorly, an urgent consultation with a gastroenterologist or surgeon is needed.

Treatment of toddlers

The range of causes of vomiting in children expands significantly from year to year, with food poisoning and infectious diseases coming to the fore. In the treatment of children over a year old they use more techniques, a two-year-old baby is able to explain what hurts him, can do large quantity actions. Before stopping vomiting in a child, you will need to find out its origin.

Advice! Immediately after an attack of vomiting, you should invite the baby to rinse his mouth with warm water. This will relieve tension, eliminate discomfort, and calm him down a little.

Video - Intestinal infections

Urgent care for poisoning

Food poisoning is a common cause of vomiting in children; for the most part, if parents behave correctly, they are not dangerous for the child.

Poisoning is manifested by severe nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which is not always present. The first signs appear at intervals of 30–60 minutes after taking low-quality products.

1. Induce vomiting. Give the child a large amount of clean, salted (1/4 tsp/200 ml of water) water or a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate (0.01%). For a child 2–3 years old, the norm is 2 cups, for preschoolers - 3. Wait 1–2 minutes and press on the root of the tongue, induce vomiting. The steps are repeated until clean water comes out instead of the contents of the stomach (evidence of the complete removal of low-quality food).
2. Give the baby a sorbent. Use a pharmaceutical product and prepare a solution as described in the table.

Name of sorbent	Image	Concentration	Application diagram	Special Notes
		1 sachet per 1 liter of water	Take 1 tsp for children under one year of age; from 2 to 3 years, 2-3 tsp; for older children 4–5 teaspoons, Interval – 10–15 minutes. The course of treatment is determined individually	Do not mix with baby food or other ingredients, do not sweeten
		For ½ liter of water take 2 tsp. sugar, ½ tsp. salt	Take for children up to one year - 1 tsp. interval - 10 minutes, from a year - 4 tsp, interval 15-20 minutes and after each gastric eruption. The course of treatment is individual	Give in small sips between doses clean water
		First, boil 100 g of raisins in a liter of water for 40 minutes. The resulting mass is rubbed through a sieve, 4 tsp is added. sugar, 1 tsp. salt, ½ tsp. soda	Take every 10–15 minutes according to the same regimen as Regidron. Course of treatment up to 5 days	Children accept it more readily due to the taste of raisins

Between doses of the sorbent, the child is given small sips of clean water, decoctions of chamomile, mint (1 tsp / glass of boiling water). Frequent, severe vomiting accompanied by fever (+ 38.9), diarrhea - a reason to call emergency medical services.

The patient is placed in bed on his side. Feeding is carried out 4-6 hours after vomiting stops. They give dairy products(kefir, unsweetened yogurt, curdled milk), slimy porridge with water, salty crackers.

Emergency measures for infectious diseases

Infectious diseases have a number of symptoms similar to poisoning: vomiting, diarrhea, increased body temperature, which in such cases is mandatory.

The baby's lethargy and apathy will be distinctive; older children complain of headaches. Among the important signs - strong diarrhea (with intestinal infections), a sharp increase in body temperature to high performance (+ 39,0).

If a child is suspected of having an infectious disease, in addition to relieving vomiting and diarrhea, a number of emergency measures are taken:

1. If possible, establish the type of disease: ARVI, influenza, salmonellosis, rotavirus infection, suspected meningitis.
2. Limit the contact of the sick person with other children.
3. They put the patient to bed.
4. Take measures to restore the water-alkaline balance (Regidron, drinking plenty of fluids). For children with infectious diseases, there is no need to empty the stomach.
5. Call for emergency medical assistance.

A saline solution, Regidron, will help neutralize the gag reflex. The solution is given after each attack and at intervals of 15–20 minutes.

Along with sorbents, the baby is given water clean water(mineral alkaline is allowed, always without gas), infusion of chamomile, mint 40–50 ml/time.

Important! Vomiting excludes taking any medications orally (by mouth).

With the next eruption of vomit, the drugs are removed from the child’s body. Body temperature should be measured with rectal suppositories or by intramuscular injection (consultation with a pediatrician is required).

Help for Heat Stroke

If the cause of vomiting is heat stroke, then the baby should be given salted water to drink, excess clothing should be removed, and put to bed.

Repeated vomiting can be stopped with a sorbent prepared at home, alkaline water without gas.

Be sure to bring down the temperature (rectal suppositories will help). Throughout the day, the baby is given water at room temperature.

What to do if you have a TBI?

A characteristic sign of cranial pathology is frequent nausea, vomiting, along with it drowsiness, amnesia, headache occur, and pallor of the skin is observed.

In case of craniocerebral pathologies, the patient is provided with urgent medical care. There is no need to take measures to eliminate vomiting; it is enough for the child to rinse his mouth after vomiting, give him a slightly salty drink, and put him to bed. An ambulance is called immediately.

Elimination of household problems

The cause of a single attack of vomiting can be too intense motion sickness of a baby, an older baby traveling in a vehicle, or a stuffy room. Severe stress, fear, nervous tension before an injection they can cause a vomiting reaction in an impressionable child.

It is necessary to calm the child, eliminate the cause of discomfort, rinse the baby’s mouth, and give cool water.

To avoid similar incidents in transport in the future, it is advisable not to feed the child before traveling by transport. During the trip, you can offer him caramel; small swallowing movements will relieve nausea. Children over 2 years old are allowed special tablets for motion sickness Dimenhydrinate(sold at the pharmacy, give ¼ tablet 2 hours before the trip). When purchasing other medications, you must carefully read the instructions; not all medications are approved for children.

Video - Food poisoning of a child

Recipes for decoctions for vomiting

In the treatment of vomiting will be a good help folk recipes- these are decoctions, infusions of herbs. They can be used for children from 1.5 years old. For smaller children, only clean water is recommended.

In the event of child vomiting, it is important not to get confused, not to panic for the mother herself; the baby reacts sensitively to her condition: he is scared, he feels bad, he is afraid that he has soiled the furniture and clothes. The mother's calm behavior will help calm the child.

Every young mother should know how to stop vomiting in a child, so that if unpleasant symptoms quickly respond, calm the sick baby, and take measures appropriate to his condition.

Video - What to drink if you have acetone and vomiting?

Vomiting in a child is a reflex mechanism that performs protective function. At the same time, minerals, gastric juice, and harmful compounds are removed from the stomach along with undigested food. This is a natural physiological process.

In infants it is called regurgitation. Stomach small child is formed up to 3 years. In a teenager occasional nausea indicates inflammatory diseases. The parent must monitor the baby’s condition, know the cause of nausea and eliminate it.

If it opens, then this is a characteristic symptom of a number of diseases. These may be problems associated with the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), central nervous system (CNS), vestibular apparatus. Nausea is the main symptom of food poisoning.

Most often, the causative agents of vomiting in children are infections that enter the stomach. The child may be bothered by the following symptoms:

In infants, regurgitation occurs when overfeeding, passes without fever and without diarrhea. It does not accompany diseases. The contents of the released masses consist of undigested food baby ( mother's milk, infant formula).

If a gastric eruption occurs an hour and a half after feeding, with blood, bile, mucus, and causeless nausea with fever, then this indicates pathological processes such as:

Types of vomiting in a child

Vomiting is a signal of problems with the functioning of the stomach. Coordinates nausea with the central nervous system. Based on the nature of occurrence, the following types of vomiting in children are distinguished:

1. Regurgitation in a baby. Eruption of a small amount of food after feeding.
2. Reflex. May be observed with acute pain in the abdominal area, metabolic disorders in the body, severe cough, inflammatory processes in the ears (otitis), etc.
3. Spasmodic (uncontrollable vomiting). May occur in case of poisoning, with congenital or acquired malformations of the gastrointestinal tract. This type is dangerous due to rapid dehydration of the child’s body. If excessive vomiting occurs, call an ambulance immediately.
4. Psychogenic in nature. Occurs with increased excitability of the central nervous system. This type of nausea is provoked by stressful situations, anxiety, emotional experiences, and mental disorders in a child.
5. Atonic vomiting. Characterized by weak gastric eruptions and sluggish flow of food. It is observed due to decreased muscle tone of the stomach walls.

To determine you need to go through medical checkup. After diagnosis, begin treatment. Diagnostic methods include: visual inspection, interviewing adults to find out the possible cause, lab tests blood, urine, feces. To confirm the diagnosis, ultrasound, MRI, and FGDS may be prescribed.

First aid for a child vomiting

With nausea, the state of health worsens, weakening occurs. immune system, metabolic processes in the body are disrupted. How to provide first aid and what to do after vomiting, learn from the following tips:

Children's vomiting should alert parents. The child must be seen by a doctor. If a disease is detected, treat it. At home, you can only alleviate the baby’s condition.

Take medications only after consultation with a pediatrician. Self-medication is strictly prohibited! This may lead to negative consequences, deterioration of health.

When to see a doctor urgently for childhood nausea

Parents are responsible for the health of their child. In case of ailments, deterioration of health, or decreased activity of the baby, an adult must find out the cause of the disease. There are a number of signs that require you to immediately call an ambulance and begin surgical treatment:

Small bodies are more at risk of dehydration. Pay attention to the baby's well-being. Monitor stool and eruptions over time. Measure your body temperature periodically. If alarming signs appear, contact your pediatrician for help. The sooner you start proper treatment, the sooner your health will return to normal.

Preventing nausea

• Lead healthy active image baby's life;
• Maintain proper nutrition, prepare food from quality products;
• Do not leave household chemicals and medicines in sight;
• Avoid overeating. Baby food should be gentle on the stomach (spicy, fatty food disrupts the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract);
• Respond to symptoms promptly.

Only a doctor can determine why the baby begins to feel sick and vomit. The body's defense mechanism helps cleanse itself of toxins, but if a child vomits frequently, this is alarming symptom, in which case you should call an ambulance.

What is vomiting

Vomiting accompanied by nausea is a subcortical reflex. A one-time release of the contents of the stomach out through the oral cavity and esophagus is necessary to cleanse the body of harmful substances that are produced by its own organs and tissues, or received from the outside: chemical compounds, poisons, toxins. Before the baby vomits, he produces copious amounts of saliva (salivation) and begins to feel sick. This feeling can be described as “sucking in the pit of the stomach.” Vomiting in a child without fever is accompanied by:

• cold sweat;
• feeling of lightheadedness;
• pale skin;
• half-fainting state.

The child is vomiting without fever

An alarming symptom is vomiting in a child, which is not accompanied by fever and cough. To help your child, you need to find out the source pathological condition and eliminate it. In most cases, quickly determining the causes of vomiting in children without fever will help to analyze the actions preceding the illness: fast rides on the carousel, drinking carbonated drinks, eating unripe fruits, strong and pungent odors. Vomiting in a child without fever in combination with diarrhea, rash or weakness signals a serious malfunction in the child’s body.

Causes

Factors causing vomiting are divided into those requiring medication or surgical treatment and those that can pass on their own. These include a functional reaction to the product, climate change, excessive consumption of fatty and sweet foods, teething, rejection of complementary foods at an early age, and psychogenic causes. In infants, regurgitation is observed, in which there is no spasm of the muscular wall of the stomach, so it does not require treatment and is considered normal occurrence. Among the diseases and conditions that cause nausea and vomiting are:

• traumatic brain injury, concussion;
• taking medications;
• pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract);
• pylorospasm ( congenital pathology) or gastroesophageal reflux;
• neurological abnormalities;
• pyloric stenosis;
• diverticulosis;
• entry of a foreign body into the esophagus;
• intestinal obstruction;
• acetonemic syndrome;
• acute gastritis (the child has a stomach ache);
• surgical pathologies;
• inflammatory process in digestion;
• acute appendicitis.

No fever or diarrhea

There are 3 categories of causes of vomiting when the temperature does not rise: psychogenic factors, functional (caused by physiology) and disease-related. A psychogenic gag reflex often occurs in children over 6 years of age. The release of food occurs due to nervousness in adolescents, often as they grow older. Vomiting in children without fever and diarrhea can occur for the following reasons:

• gastroesophageal reflux;
• pyloric spasm;
• pyloric stenosis;
• intussusception;
• acute gastroduodenitis;
• nutritional gastritis;
• pancreatic diseases;
• gallbladder diseases;
• damage to the central nervous system.

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child without fever

Loose stools and vomiting without hyperthermia indicate the body's attempts to remove toxins. This condition develops with intestinal infection, food poisoning, allergic reactions for food (new complementary foods) or medicine. Intestinal dysbiosis - the lack of bacteria necessary for the normal functioning of the intestines, can also cause indigestion. Vomiting and diarrhea in babies under one year old can be signs of appendicitis.

Vomiting in an infant without fever

In infancy, the release of food is typical for children in the first month of life and disappears after six months. In premature babies, the organs of the gastrointestinal tract may not be fully formed, which is also a reason, but in healthy and developed children, regurgitation is observed several times a day. Parents should be alert to the situation if there is excessive regurgitation at each feeding and masses of green or yellow color. Other causes of regurgitation in children include:

• taking liquid food;
• short esophagus;
• sensitivity of gag reflex receptors in the stomach, esophagus and throat;
• poor development of the circular muscles.

Child vomits water

After the child vomits, it is necessary to give him something to drink in small portions, since a large amount of liquid provokes the release of water from the stomach contents. In this case, vomiting attacks are repeated. If the baby vomits with particles of eaten or undigested food, and the vomit is watery, then this is a consequence of taking inappropriate medications. children's body. The components of medications negatively affect the gastric mucosa, irritating it. Rotavirus infection provokes vomiting with a fountain of water and diarrhea.

Vomits mucus

The presence of mucus in the vomit indicates an intestinal infection, diseases of the nervous system, or can occur after various surgical interventions. In case of repeated ejection of stomach contents with the presence of mucus in the masses and the absence of other symptoms of intoxication, you should consult a doctor and get tested. In infants, this condition is caused by overeating. Mucus comes from the nasopharynx and bronchi, breathing is disrupted, and the baby is restless.

Vomiting in my sleep

When the release of stomach contents occurs once at night, the culprit may be a poor microclimate, a large amount of food eaten, fear, air in the stomach, or an uncomfortable position of the baby during sleep. Such conditions do not require treatment. The situation is different if vomiting at night is accompanied by suffocation. To avoid dangerous pathologies, it is necessary to follow basic rules of hygiene, feeding, and everyday life.

Diagnostics

If your child feels sick without fever, you should consult a doctor. At the next attack of vomiting, conduct a visual inspection of the contents of the ejected masses: quantity, color, smell, presence of impurities of bile, pus, mucus and blood. Help determine the cause of vomiting laboratory test And instrumental examination organs of the digestive tract (X-ray, ultrasound, examination using a probe - gastrofibroscopy). Determine the cause of the appearance dangerous symptom possible through medical measures:

• detailed biochemical blood test;
• immunological research;
• general clinical analysis of urine and blood;
• allergen test;
• bacteriological analysis of feces and vomit.

What to do

Dr. Komarovsky claims that there is nothing wrong with vomiting once. If your child continues to vomit or has a stomach ache, you should immediately call a pediatrician, because this may be a sign of illness. Before his arrival, make sure that the baby does not choke on the masses - turn his head to the side, lifting it 30 degrees. After the baby vomits, you should rinse your mouth with warm water, wipe your lips, corners of your mouth, and oral cavity with a cotton swab, after moistening it with water or a solution boric acid, potassium permanganate or other disinfectant.

Drink

To prevent dehydration, give your child glucose-saline solutions (for example, Regidron), which can be given from a syringe in small portions or a teaspoon. Names of other rehydration solutions: Oralit, Trihydron and Hydrovit. The drugs are available without a prescription in Russian pharmacies. The release form is a powder that should be diluted in boiled water, after having cooled it. In absence special drugs, give your baby plenty of fluids.

Physiotherapeutic treatment

For bowel movements caused by pyloric spasm and gallbladder diseases, physiotherapeutic treatment prescribed by a doctor is indicated. This method includes applications of paraffin and ozokerite, electrophoresis with novocaine on epigastric region(introduction medicinal components using electric current), galvanization, Bernard currents.

What to give your child

If the cause of vomiting lies in allergens and toxic components in the body, or there are symptoms of intoxication of the body, then the child is given sorbents natural origin, groups of carbon products or containing silicon, preparations with lumogel, from aluminosilicate (Smecta). Children should not take medications intended for adults. The drugs are prescribed according to the age of the child and the presence of the disease. The baby will accept children's medications, suspensions and sweet syrups with joy - they are very tasty.

You can give children antiemetics (Motilak, Cerucal), medications with vitamins, except calciferol. Excessive intake of vitamin D causes vomiting. Homeopathy helps not only to stop vomiting, but also to eliminate the problem that caused it. Homeopathic medicines have no side effects and contain only natural ingredients. The following anti-vomiting agents are available:

Folk remedies

For treatment folk remedies choose only remedies that will not harm the newborn: raisin or rice decoction, chamomile, mint or dill tea. One year old children Pear decoction, soaked rye crackers, and barley flour can help. To stop vomiting in a child over 3 years of age, in addition to the above, other folk remedies prepared from oak bark and gooseberries are suitable. An old remedy for vomiting is a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Diet

Improve your baby’s well-being and health after painful condition Drinking plenty of fluids, proper nutrition, and a gentle diet that excludes foods that are difficult to digest will help. The weakened digestive tract will not be able to cope with it, and the condition will worsen. The child should avoid eating the following foods: raw vegetables, grapes, fish, meat dishes, sweets, fats, sausages, carbonated drinks. You can improve stomach function by adding the following foods to your baby’s daily diet:

• plain yoghurts;
• bananas;
• boiled carrots, broccoli;
• baked apples;
• kefir;
• a decoction made from dried fruits.

Possible complications

In addition to general stress for the body, there are 3 main complications: dehydration, weight loss, and airway obstruction. With diarrhea and profuse vomiting, rapid loss of body weight occurs due to lack of appetite, which is dangerous for low-birth-weight, premature babies. Obstruction of the respiratory tract occurs due to the entry of vomit into it. To avoid this, you need to keep the baby's head upright. Against the background of the violation water-salt balance, loss of mineral salts and fluid causes dehydration of the body, the symptoms of which are:

• lethargy;
• dry diaper within 4 hours;
• tight, dry skin;
• there are no tears when crying;
• fast weight loss.

Video

The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and make recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Doctor Komarovsky: what to do if a child is vomiting

All mothers and fathers know very well that vomiting in children is not such a rare occurrence. However, in practice, when faced with an attack, many are simply lost and do not know how to provide first aid to the baby, what to do and where to call. Authoritative pediatrician Evgeny Komarovsky, the author of numerous articles and books on children's health, explains why vomiting happens and what adults should do about it.

About vomiting

Vomiting is a protective mechanism, a reflex eruption of stomach contents through the mouth (or nose). During an attack, the abdominal press contracts, the esophagus expands, the stomach itself relaxes and pushes everything that is in it up the esophagus. This one is pretty difficult process regulates the vomiting center, which in all people is located in the medulla oblongata. Most often, vomit is a mixture of undigested food debris and gastric juice. Sometimes they may contain impurities of pus or blood, bile.

The most common cause of childhood vomiting is food poisoning. Vomiting can be observed with various infectious diseases: rotavirus infection, scarlet fever, typhus.

Less commonly, this problem is caused by accumulated toxins; this condition can occur when serious illnesses kidney

Other causes of vomiting include diseases of the stomach and intestines, neurological diagnoses, and head injuries.

In children, vomiting can often be provoked by severe emotional shocks.

Doctors distinguish several types of infant vomiting:

• Cyclic vomiting (acetonemic).
• Renal.
• Hepatogenic.
• Diabetic.
• Cardiac.
• Psychogenic.
• Cerebral.
• Bloody.

In most cases, vomiting in children begins at night. The baby wakes up from severe nausea. In this situation, it is important not to be scared or confused. Parents' actions should be calm and confident.

How younger child, the more dangerous vomiting is for him, since dehydration may occur, which for babies can be fatal.

A single vomiting (without any additional symptoms) in a child should not cause much concern for parents, says Evgeny Komarovsky. The fact is that this is how the body “cleanses” itself of accumulated toxins and food elements that the child could not digest. However, parental inaction can be fraught with tragic consequences in cases where vomiting is repeated, as well as if there are other symptoms indicating disorders in the body.

The most common cause of vomiting in children is food poisoning. Poison can enter a baby’s body through various foods: dairy, meat, seafood, vegetables and fruits.

In the vast majority of cases, the gag reflex is caused by nitrates and pesticides used on fruits and vegetables. Even very high-quality meat products can cause severe poisoning if they are prepared incorrectly.

Evgeny Komarovsky emphasizes that the first symptoms food poisoning usually begin to appear between 4 and 48 hours after eating. Quite often, you can stop vomiting caused by food on your own, at home. However, Evgeny Komarovsky reminds that there are situations in which mothers and fathers should not engage in independent healing. Medical assistance require:

There are situations in which a child needs emergency care as soon as possible health care. You should call an ambulance in one or more of the following conditions:

• Vomiting occurred after eating mushrooms.
• The vomiting is so intense that the baby cannot drink water.
• Vomiting is accompanied by clouding of consciousness, incoherent speech, poor coordination of movements, yellowing of the skin, dry mucous membranes, and the appearance of a rash.
• Vomiting is accompanied by visual enlargement (swelling) of the joints.
• Against the background of repeated vomiting, there is no urination for more than 6 hours, the urine has a dark tint.
• Vomit and (or) feces contain impurities of blood and pus.

While waiting for the doctor to arrive, the child should be placed on his side so that during the next vomiting attack the child does not choke on the vomit. The baby should be held in your arms, on its side. There is no need to give any medications.

In order for the doctor to quickly understand the true cause of the child’s condition, parents must remember in as much detail as possible what the baby ate over the last 24 hours, what he drank, where he was and what he did. In addition, mom and dad will have to carefully examine the vomit in order to then tell the doctor about its color, consistency, whether there is an unusual smell, whether there are any impurities of blood or pus in it.

Analyzing color

Dark vomit (colors coffee grounds) may indicate serious problems with the stomach, up to peptic ulcer.

If there is an admixture of bile in the masses and there is a bitter-sweet smell, one may suspect a problem with the gallbladder and biliary tract.

The green color of the vomit may indicate the neurological nature of the reflex; vomiting also occurs in a severe stressful situation, when the child cannot cope with anxiety and emotions in any other way.

It is recommended to leave samples of vomit and feces of a sick child until the doctor arrives in order to show them to a specialist. This will contribute to the fastest and accurate diagnosis the true cause of the condition.

Vomiting infant may be a completely natural process of development of digestive functions, but it is better if this is stated by a doctor. Komarovsky emphasizes that vomiting in infants is often a completely expected cause of banal overeating if parents are too zealous in their desire to feed their child more and more calories.

Vomiting can also be of another nature - allergic, traumatic, and also inflammatory. In other words, this reflex accompanies a great many of the most various diseases, some of which require prompt hospitalization followed by surgical assistance, and therefore you should not underestimate vomiting attacks.

So, parents should make every effort not to stop vomiting at any cost and try to treat something with folk remedies, but to carefully observe. It will be just great if they can provide the following information to the doctor who comes to the call:

• Frequency and periodicity of attacks (at what intervals does vomiting occur, how long does it last).
• Does the child feel better after the next attack, does the abdominal pain decrease?
• What is the approximate volume of vomit, its color and whether there are any impurities.
• What has the baby been sick with over the past year, over the past two weeks?
• What did the baby eat, and do the parents suspect food poisoning?
• Has the child's weight changed over the past 2 weeks?

If a child has some of the above symptoms, but is not vomiting, Komarovsky advises inducing the reflex on his own. To do this, you need to give the baby 2-3 glasses of warm water or milk to drink, and then gently insert your fingers into the oropharynx and move them slightly. You can lightly press the root of your tongue with your fingers or a spoon.

There is no need to feed the child anything. However, drinking is a must. At the same time, you should know that drinking water from a child who is vomiting is a whole science; it must be carried out strictly according to the rules. Firstly, says Evgeny Komarovsky, drinks should be small, but very frequent. A single dose is a few sips. Secondly, the temperature of the water should be similar to body temperature, so the liquid will be absorbed more quickly, which will protect the child from dehydration. When asked what to drink, the doctor replies that the best option are oral rehydration solutions or homemade saline solutions. If desired, you can give your child non-carbonated mineral water, tea, compote.

Under no circumstances should you add sugar, jam, or honey to your drink. If the child flatly refuses to drink what he is supposed to, offer him what he likes - juice or a sweet drink, but at the same time dilute it with water so that the resulting drink is as clear as possible.

It is useful to give activated carbon, but only in strictly designated proportions - 1 gram of the drug per kilogram of the child’s weight, no less. If the temperature has risen, you can give your baby an antipyretic, Paracetamol is best.

You should not transport your child to medical institution on one's own. In the car, the baby may be “shaken” even more, and the attacks will intensify. Komarovsky warns parents to give when vomiting alcohol solutions and potassium permanganate.

Drugs approved for children are Smecta, Regidron, Enterofuril.

Komarovsky calls on parents to be prudent and not to give their children remedies for vomiting that are often recommended by “experts” in traditional medicine (for example, a milk-yolk mixture), since such “treatment” can only worsen the child’s condition.

Feeding after vomiting should be done gradually, without overloading the stomach - in small portions, avoiding fatty, sweet, salty and sour foods.

Dr. Komarovsky will tell you what to do if a child is vomiting in the video below.

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What to do if your child is sick?

When a baby gets sick, the whole family begins to worry. At the first manifestations of the disease, you should immediately contact a specialist. But mothers are advised to know the main causes of nausea and methods of treatment.

Nausea in a child is a consequence of a variety of reasons. This unpleasant condition does not always manifest itself from poisoning, as most parents think. In this article we will find out why a child feels sick, what it depends on, what causes the illness and how to help the baby after the first symptoms appear.

Causes

The reasons for the feeling of nausea are different. They can be caused by poisoning, overeating or stress. Before starting treatment, it is necessary to identify what caused the formation of this disease. The causes may be common or situational.

Common Causes

• Food poisoning. It can be caused by eating low-quality or expired food. Food that has not had proper storage conditions contains pathogenic microorganisms. When hitting gastrointestinal tract, they begin to negatively affect and form toxins. Very often, nausea manifests itself very sharply, 3-4 hours after eating. The baby begins to feel unwell and slightly dizzy. First, nausea appears, then vomiting and diarrhea. In most cases, nausea in a child is accompanied by an increase in body temperature to 37-38°C.
• Intestinal infections. At the moment, a very large number of intestinal pathogens are known. These include salmonella, E. coli, staphylococcus, and rotaviruses. Sources of infection are animals or sick adults. A baby can transfer infection to his body from a carrier through toys, household items, drinking water, and food. At the first stage of the disease, symptoms are minor. But the baby has slight dizziness, lethargy, and general weakness. Once tired, the child may become moody, overexcited, or irritable. Only after this does nausea and vomiting appear. Then there is pain in the stomach, bloating, increased gas formation in the intestines. Undigested food particles remain in the stool and vomit. Diarrhea forms, body temperature rises to 37.5°C. In rare and very severe cases, vomiting of bile and fever up to 40° may occur. The course of the disease depends on the type of infection.
• Acute infections. These types of infections are not associated with the digestive system. The main symptoms include vomiting, nausea, dizziness, and a slight increase in temperature up to 37°C. The manifestation of such symptoms occurs in severe stages of the disease. Pathologies usually include pneumonia, various forms of influenza, acute respiratory viral infections, and pyelonephritis. The main difference acute infections from intestinal is the preservation of stool in an unchanged state. Children do not develop diarrhea or diarrhea. Vomiting of bile is excluded.

Situational reasons

• Nausea associated with traveling in public transport. This condition manifests itself due to disorientation in space. There is a disruption in the functioning of the inner ear. When your body position changes, signals are sent to the brain. Based on the information received, the body's balance is disrupted. Shaking, chaotic traffic movements and changes in speed lead to a malfunction, which manifests itself in the form of nausea. In most cases, the causes of motion sickness lie in feeling unwell child. Before the trip, doctors recommend avoiding eating too fatty, overcooked and heavy foods, which can aggravate the feeling of nausea. Recommended to eat green apple or pickled cucumber. You can have a drink Herb tea from mint or lemon balm.
• Foreign body in the stomach. When a foreign object is in the body, it is called foreign body. It can enter a child's body by ingestion or inhalation. In rare cases, objects are introduced during surgery or penetrating wounds. After the object hits the baby, nausea and vomiting begin. Such symptoms appear within a few minutes. Complications may include vomiting bile, bleeding, perforation of the stomach wall, difficulty breathing, and dizziness.
• Surgical pathologies of the digestive tract. Nausea may be one of the signs of acute inflammation of appendicitis. The organ is located in the lower abdomen. When inflammation occurs in this area, sharp, unbearable pain occurs. Symptoms may include dizziness, diarrhea, and increased body temperature up to 38°C.
• Diseases that affect the central nervous system. To very serious and dangerous diseases may include encephalitis or meningitis. The main symptom of such diseases is nausea. It is worth considering that vomiting does not bring the desired relief. The general condition of the child is disturbed. There is weakness and dizziness. Often there is no appetite at all. The baby becomes whiny and capricious. There is a decrease motor activity. Photophobia and headaches begin. There may be sudden screams. In severe stages of the disease, vomiting of bile, loss of consciousness, complete failure from food and water. The child begins to have seizures. The temperature rises to 40°C.
• Nausea after a storm active work. This condition may occur after active games or sports. The child feels sick after playing football, hockey, ice skating, running, or doing pull-ups on the horizontal bar. When a child is prone to this type of nausea, it is necessary to limit sports loads or physical activity. It is necessary for the baby to drink more water.
• Nausea in the morning. If a child feels sick in the morning, then this manifestation indicates hunger. The feeling of nausea can be completely eliminated simply by having breakfast. You can give the baby fresh fruits, dairy products or infusions from medicinal herbs. Also, nausea in the morning can indicate intracranial pressure. Therefore, if the feeling of nausea does not go away after a hearty breakfast, then a neurologist will be able to determine the true cause of this manifestation.
• Nausea after severe nervous tension. Very often, nausea occurs after a nervous breakdown. On emotional condition influenced by a change of situation, a quarrel, a fight. In this case, the child must be provided with moral support. This nausea does not last long. You can give your baby sedatives or brewed herbal teas. You can make decoctions from rose hips, cones, and currant leaves.

Combinations with other symptoms

• Nausea and fever may indicate the presence of intestinal obstruction, indigestion, irritable bowel syndrome, or acute appendicitis.
• Nausea and headache indicate increased intracranial pressure, migraine, fatigue, stress, brain tumor, meningitis, borreliosis.
• Nausea and diarrhea indicate the presence of toxic substances in the child's body. This manifestation may be a consequence of overeating and consumption of heavy foods. It may also indicate the presence of cancer, stressful situations, allergies or intolerance to certain foods.
• Nausea and dizziness indicate labyrinitis, cervical osteochondrosis, vestibular neuritis, Meniere's disease, head injuries, pathology eye muscles. May be a consequence of taking medications or stressful situations.
• Bile nausea indicates liver disease, gall reflex, gallbladder disease, or bile ducts. Bile nausea indicates acute form, pancreatitis, cyclic vomiting syndrome, small intestinal obstruction.

What to do?

It is necessary to take any action after the first symptoms appear only after the causes of the illness have been identified. Self-medication is not recommended. Incorrect diagnosis and self-treatment at home can cause side effects. You cannot risk the health and life of a child. Parents should contact professional specialist. Only after consulting a doctor can you perform the following steps.

First aid

• If a child is vomiting, the first thing you need to do is call an ambulance.
• The child is then placed on his side. You should not place your baby on his back, as in this case there is a risk that he may choke on vomit.
• You can give your baby decoctions of medicinal herbs. Mint, lemon balm, fireweed, and field chamomile are perfect. They will help prevent dehydration. Newborns and babies under one year of age can be given two teaspoons of liquid every 5-15 minutes. Small children from one to three years old can be given four teaspoons of liquid at identical intervals. Older children are given two to four tablespoons.
• When the baby’s condition is assessed and there is no threat to life, gastric lavage can be done after taking the liquid.
• Children can be given medications that eliminate the disease and improve the general condition of the child. But in order to relieve the first symptoms, you need to consult a specialist.
• When the baby’s condition worsens, there is blood in the vomit or the baby is vomiting bile, it is necessary to urgently take the child to the hospital without waiting for an ambulance. Often the medical team does not arrive on time. And delay can cause not only side effects, but also fatal.

In what cases should you call an ambulance?

• IN mandatory An ambulance is called for children under three years old;
• A doctor is called if the child is nauseous for a long period;
• Consultation with a specialist is necessary if the baby vomits bile;
• If during feeding the body does not accept food and intake, responding with a gag reflex; If the baby has chills, dizziness, convulsions, severe headaches;
• If there are blood clots in the vomit;
• If the child’s body is severely dehydrated;

Treatment

Treatment and elimination of nausea depends on the diagnosis.

• If you eat low-quality food and experience the first symptoms of poisoning, it is recommended to do gastric lavage. To do this, use solutions of soda or potassium permanganate. It is important to start doing gastric lavage before toxins begin to be absorbed into the blood. Otherwise, serious side effects will be detected. Children can use Smecta. Active action this tool occurs in the intestines. The use of dill water is allowed as a folk remedy. One tablespoon of dill seeds is poured into two glasses of boiling water. Leave for 15 minutes. Consume one tablespoon three times a day. It is also allowed to do lemon water with the addition of lemon, orange or tangerine zest.
• In the presence of intestinal infections, the main symptom is dehydration. The child may feel a lack of fluid in the vascular system. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish fluid as soon as possible. Babies are given it during feeding, older children consume water in 2-3 doses per hour. As a treatment, you can do gastric lavage with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Infusion therapy may be prescribed, which includes the administration of medicinal solutions intravenously. The use of antibiotics is permitted. Cephabol or Claforan are perfect. As a traditional medicine, children can be given a decoction made from calamus root. The product not only relieves dizziness, nausea, and stomach cramps, but also eliminates infectious agents. 10 grams of crushed roots are poured into two glasses of boiling water. Then simmer over low heat for minutes. Then the broth is filtered and taken up to six times a day. You can make lotions from the product and use it to wash wounds.
• Acute infections have little incubation period. Therefore, the longer treatment is delayed, the more difficult it will be to cure the baby. When the first symptoms appear, it is recommended to immediately consult a specialist. The doctor may prescribe medication and physical therapy. Patients need to follow a diet that promotes the fastest possible recovery of the body after illness. It is necessary to consume large amounts of vitamins and useful microelements. Activated carbon and Enterosgel for children are allowed to be used as medications. As folk remedy You can use oak bark. It is poured with one liter of boiling water and simmered over low heat for ten minutes. Strain and consume up to six times a day. The decoction eliminates dizziness, nausea, and the feeling of vomiting.

If it comes to vomiting or there is a suspicion of this, then be sure to watch this video

Preventive actions

To prevent nausea, you must:

• Avoid eating expired, low-quality food;
• It is necessary to do heat treatment of kitchen equipment;
• Medicines should be taken strictly according to the instructions; When experiencing motion sickness in transport, it is recommended to take appropriate medications. For example, Relanium, Medazipam, Prazepam;
• It is recommended to stay in smoky rooms as little as possible;
• You should walk more often and be on fresh air, do exercises;
• You need to sleep at least eight hours a day;
• You should make a proper diet. When feeding newborns, dishes must be subjected to heat treatment;

Nausea is an unpleasant symptom that occurs due to different situations. If a child is sick, then first of all it is necessary to identify the cause of the illness. If the baby’s condition worsens, you should contact a professional specialist. In simple cases, you can use folk recipes.

• nausea
• smell from the mouth
• heartburn
• diarrhea
• constipation
• belching
• increased gas formation (flatulence)

If you have at least 2 of these symptoms, then this indicates developing gastritis or an ulcer. These diseases are dangerous due to their development serious complications(penetration, gastric bleeding, etc.), many of which can lead to FATAL. Treatment needs to start now. Read the article about how a woman got rid of these symptoms by defeating their root cause using a natural method. Read the material.

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