Presentation "Prevention of colds" in pedagogy - project, report. Presentation on the topic: Children's infectious diseases. Thank you for your attention! be healthy

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slide 1

What are colds? Under the term "cold" - as they are often called in everyday life, in medicine there is the concept of SARS and acute respiratory infections.

The term "acute respiratory disease" (ARI) or "acute respiratory viral infection" (ARVI) covers a large number of diseases that are manifested by similar symptoms: fever, sore throat, cough and headache. And another similarity is that all these diseases are caused by viruses.

Flu caused directly by the influenza virus. Influenza is an extremely contagious infectious disease, dangerous for its complications: damage to the cardiovascular system, central nervous system and respiratory organs.

slide 2

The source of infection in all viral infections is a sick person.

We become infected by inhaling the air with the smallest droplets of saliva and sputum secreted by patients when coughing and sneezing - airborne transmission route.

And also when in contact with patients when shaking hands, exchanging personal hygiene items (handkerchief, towel) and other household items (dishes, telephone, pencils, toys, etc.) - household contact route of transmission.

slide 3

With all colds from infection, that is, from the penetration of the virus into the body, several days (1-14 days) pass before the development of the disease - this period is called the incubation period. At this time, the virus circulates in the blood and poisons the body with its waste products, which is manifested by characteristic symptoms: high fever, weakness, cough, headache, runny nose or nasal congestion.

slide 4

Now let's talk about what symptoms distinguish the flu from other colds. Often, the word "flu" in everyday life refers to any acute respiratory disease, which is erroneous, since in addition to influenza, more than 200 types of other respiratory viruses (adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, etc.) have been described to date that cause influenza-like diseases in humans. .

The flu has an abrupt onset: body temperature rises to 39 ° C and above, weakness occurs, a person has chills, suffers from headaches and muscle pain.

For influenza, unlike other viral infections, symptoms such as cough and runny nose do not appear immediately, but a few days after the onset of the disease.

SARS can begin both acutely and gradually, body temperature rarely rises above 38? Symptoms such as sneezing, dry cough, sore throat, hoarseness appear immediately at the onset of the disease.

slide 5

Today it has already been proven that the main method of specific prevention of influenza is vaccination, or as we call it, vaccination, which stimulates the body to produce protective antibodies that prevent the reproduction of viruses. Due to this, the disease is prevented even before its onset. It is best to vaccinate in the fall (September-November), as flu cases begin to be recorded, as a rule, between November and March.

After vaccination, immunity is developed within two weeks, so vaccination begins in advance.

You must be healthy at the time of the vaccination. After a preventive vaccination for several days, you should protect yourself from both hypothermia and overheating and limit visits to public places.

slide 6

Everyone should prepare their body not only for the “meeting” with the influenza virus, but also with other viruses that cause colds. In the period from December to March, it is necessary to pay attention to non-specific prophylaxis.

To reduce diseases, the implementation of sanitary and hygienic standards is very important:

  • comfortable temperature conditions of the premises;
  • regular ventilation;
  • daily wet cleaning of premises with the help of detergents.
  • hypothermia reduces immunity, so you need to dress according to the weather.

Slide 7

Personal preventive measures are of no small importance:

  • cover your mouth and nose when sneezing and coughing with a handkerchief (napkin), it is advisable to use disposable ones, which must be thrown into the trash after use.
  • avoid touching your mouth, nose, eyes.
  • keep a "distance" when communicating, the distance between people when talking should be at least 1 meter (arm's length distance).

Slide 8

Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, namely hand washing is very important in prevention. Wash your hands thoroughly and frequently with soap or disinfectant. It would seem that such an everyday activity as washing hands is extremely simple, but there are some rules.

How to wash your hands properly? Proper handwashing technique includes using plenty of soap and rinsing under running water:

  1. it is necessary to moisten the hands under running water;
  2. lather soap on the palm of your hand and lather well;
  3. at least 10 seconds you need to treat your hands with soapy foam, because. the effectiveness of detergents depends on their exposure time;
  4. you need to rub all the fingers, palms and the surface of the hands well, clean the nails; at this moment, you do not need to keep your hands under running water;
  5. Rinse soap from hands under running water for at least 10 seconds.
  6. when washing hands, avoid splashing water;
  7. hands need to be dried - disposable paper towels are best suited for this.
  8. the faucet must be closed with a paper towel, as it is always touched with dirty hands before washing, therefore, microbes can be on the tap.
  9. the used paper towel should be thrown into the bin without touching the bin with your hands.

Slide 9

During epidemics of influenza and colds, it is necessary:

  • avoid close contact with sick people;
  • limit visits to cultural events, reduce the time spent in crowded places.

Slide 10

Prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza consists in general improvement and strengthening of the body's defenses, for this it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle:

  • sufficient sleep, it is useful to sleep with the window open, but avoid drafts;
  • proper nutrition - the daily use of fresh vegetables and fruits in the diet will increase overall immunity to viral diseases. In addition, it is necessary to take ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which helps to increase the body's resistance. It should be noted that the largest amount of vitamin C is found in sauerkraut juice, as well as citrus fruits: lemons, kiwi, tangerines, oranges, grapefruits.
  • For prevention during epidemics of influenza and colds, it is necessary to consume garlic and onions daily. It is enough to chew a clove of garlic for several minutes to completely cleanse the oral cavity of bacteria;
  • more walks in the fresh air, play sports.

At the first sign of a cold, it is necessary to carry out emergency prophylaxis with interferon, gripferon, rimantadine, arbidol.

Slide 11

Proper use of a medical mask will help protect yourself from contracting viral infections.

A disposable mask can be purchased at pharmacies, a cotton-gauze mask is easy to make with your own hands. Unlike a disposable mask, which can be worn for no more than 2 hours, a cotton-gauze bandage can be worn for up to 4 hours, washed and reused.

Mask rules. The World Health Organization makes the following recommendations regarding the use of masks:

  • the mask must be carefully fixed, tightly close the mouth and nose, leaving no gaps;
  • try not to touch the fixed mask. After removing the mask, wash your hands thoroughly with soap or alcohol;
  • wet or damp mask should be changed to a new, dry one;
  • do not reuse a disposable mask;
  • The used disposable mask should be immediately discarded.

Features of using a mask. It is important that a sick person wears a mask, as well as a healthy person when communicating (care) for the sick.

slide 12

I got sick. What to do?

  • Minimize contact with other people, do not attend mass events, try to use public transport as little as possible, avoid close contact with healthy people.
  • Observe bed rest - folk wisdom says: "the flu loves to be aged" and medicine agrees with this. To avoid complications all the days of illness, you must not only be at home, but be sure to observe bed rest.
  • Follow the rules of personal hygiene, use a mask.
  • Drink plenty of fluids - mineral water, fruit drinks, etc.

slide 13

If in the patient's home it is necessary:

  • place the patient in a separate room or fence him off with a screen;
  • allocate separate items of care, dishes, bed linen for the patient;
  • the room where the patient is located should be ventilated several times a day and be warm (comfort temperature - 20-21 ° C); daily wet cleaning with the use of disinfectants;
  • when caring for the sick, use a mask, wash your hands often.

Thank you for your attention! Be healthy!

At the end of the lesson, you can conduct a survey of students and ask them the question: “What should I do to not get sick?” (Summarize: lead a healthy lifestyle, get vaccinated, wash your hands thoroughly, use a mask, etc.)

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The presentation on the topic "Prevention of colds" can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Subject of the project: Pedagogy. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 9 slide(s).

Presentation slides

slide 1

Prevention of colds

Reminder for parents! Kindergarten No. 86 elementary school for visually impaired children MDOU! GPA teacher 1st grade Suslaeva Ya.G.

slide 2

What are infectious diseases. Infectious diseases are a group of diseases caused by the penetration of pathogenic (pathogenic) microorganisms into the body. In order for a pathogenic microbe to cause an infectious disease, it must have virulence (poisonousness; lat. virus - poison), that is, the ability to overcome the body's resistance and exhibit a toxic effect

slide 3

You need to know!

One of the features of infectious diseases is the presence of an incubation period, that is, the period from the time of infection to the appearance of the first signs. The duration of this period depends on the method of infection and the type of pathogen and can last from several hours to several years (the latter is rare). The place of penetration of microorganisms into the body is called the entrance gate of infection.

slide 4

What can be done to reduce the risk of colds in a child and avoid their consequences?

In fact, it is very simple, you just need to draw up a small plan of preventive measures for your child, and even better, get involved in their implementation with the whole family, and then taking care of the child’s health will also benefit you and get rid of seasonal diseases.

slide 5

The first point of the parents' plan for the prevention of infectious diseases.

The first point of our plan, which can be developed together with the child, which will undoubtedly attract his interest and make him fulfill it not with reluctance, but with joy. Swimming is a universal hardening for everyone. Even if the child does not have the opportunity to engage in other sports, often be outdoors, have enough rest, then, believe me, swimming will be enough. It not only perfectly hardens and improves immunity, it is practically indispensable for a growing organism, as it develops muscles and promotes growth.

slide 6

The second point of the parents' plan for the prevention of infectious diseases.

The second point of our plan is to combine tasty and healthy. If you make it a rule to drink tea with lemon every day and eat it with sugar along with zest, accustom your child to garlic, which does not have to be eaten in its pure form, but you can just finely chop fresh garlic and sprinkle it in a bowl of soup, and, in addition , put crushed garlic in a saucer near the child's bed or on the table where he does his homework. And yet, get a rosehip syrup rich in vitamins (especially vitamin C) at the pharmacy. Add it to tea or give your child as an independent drink, diluting it in warm water.

Slide 7

The third point of the parents' plan for the prevention of infectious diseases.

The third point is to teach the child to take care of his health. Viral infections are usually easiest to catch in crowded places. You should not limit the child's communication with peers, but still tell him how to protect himself from viral infections - it is possible and necessary. Explain to your child that it’s best not to kiss when meeting friends, wash your hands before putting something in your mouth, try not to be very close to coughing and sneezing people, avoid going to public places unnecessarily, and use public transport as little as possible, in the garden or school, do not use other people's handkerchiefs and utensils.

Slide 8

The fourth point of the parents' plan for the prevention of infectious diseases.

Fourth. To avoid colds, first of all it is necessary to exclude their possible causes. Dress your child according to the season, no warmer or lighter than necessary. The main requirement is that there is no hypothermia, and the feet are dry and warm, and therefore good shoes are the key to your child's health. And of course, the head also needs to be kept warm, be sure to provide for the presence of a hood in the child's winter clothes.

Slide 9

That's all wisdom! Difficult? No! The best defense against a cold is prevention.

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  • There are a number of infectious diseases that are commonly called children's, as they are ill mainly in childhood. Moreover, as a rule, this happens once, and strong immunity lasts for life. Childhood infections include: measles, rubella, chickenpox (chickenpox), scarlet fever, whooping cough, and mumps (mumps). The main manifestation of measles, rubella, chickenpox and scarlet fever is a skin rash, the nature and sequence of which varies depending on the specific disease. The appearance of a rash is almost always preceded by fever, weakness, headache. Infectious parotitis (mumps) is characterized by an increase and soreness of one or two parotid glands, while the patient's face acquires a characteristic pear-shaped shape. The main manifestation of whooping cough is typical bouts of spasmodic coughing. In a spasmodic attack, a wheezing breath is followed by a series of short convulsive coughing shocks that follow each other without stopping for one exhalation. Some of these diseases (chickenpox, rubella) are relatively mild in childhood, while others can cause complications and have the most serious consequences. However, childhood infections are most severe and prolonged in people who become ill with them in adulthood. If you suspect such infections in children or adults, you should consult a doctor (pediatrician or therapist), who will establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment.


    Chickenpox (chicken pox) is a highly contagious acute infectious disease that occurs with a characteristic blistering rash. Children who attend kindergarten or school, places with a large crowd of people, get sick more often. The disease is caused by one of the herpes viruses. Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease. The virus is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person by airborne droplets (when talking, staying in one small room). Infection can also occur from a patient with shingles (caused by the same type of herpes virus). A person with chickenpox becomes contagious two days before the rash appears, and remains contagious for the first 5 to 7 days after the rash appears. The incubation period for chickenpox is 7-21 days. The virus enters the human body through the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth and pharynx. Then the virus spreads throughout the body by lymph and blood, penetrates the skin and mucous membranes, where it multiplies.


    Rubella is a highly contagious acute infectious disease caused by the rubella virus. Most often, unvaccinated children aged 2-9 years are sick. Rubella is especially dangerous in the first 3 months of pregnancy, while severe congenital malformations of the child often develop, intrauterine fetal death is possible. In general, rubella is more severe in adults than in children. The source of infection is a person with a clinically expressed or erased form of rubella. The routes of transmission are airborne (when talking with the patient, kissing) and vertical (from mother to fetus). A contact route of infection through children's toys is also possible. The patient becomes contagious 1 week before the onset of the rash and continues to shed virus for 5 to 7 days after the onset of the rash. A child with congenital rubella excretes the pathogen for a longer time (up to months).



    Whooping cough is an acute infectious disease, accompanied by inflammation in the upper respiratory tract and paroxysmal spasmodic cough. Most often, unvaccinated children under the age of 5 become infected, and whooping cough is especially dangerous for children in the first year of life. At an older age, this infection is much easier. Whooping cough is caused by a specific bacterium called Bordetella pertussis. The microbe is transmitted by airborne droplets (when coughing, sneezing, talking) in close contact with a sick person. The disease is highly contagious. However, the contact (for example, through toys) route of infection transmission is impossible, since the bacterium quickly dies in the external environment. Immunity after an illness is developed very persistent and usually lasts for life. Relapses can occur in old age. However, as a rule, doctors mistake it for a cold, the disease is so easy.


    Scarlet fever is an acute infectious disease characterized by fever, intoxication, sore throat and profuse punctate rash. Most often, children 2-10 years old get sick. The causative agent of scarlet fever is group A streptococcus, which can also cause kidney damage (glomerulunophritis), tonsillitis, chronic tonsillitis, rheumatism and other diseases. Scarlet fever occurs if at the time of infection with streptococcus there is no immunity to it. The source of infection is a patient with scarlet fever, tonsillitis or a "healthy" carrier of stereptococci. The incubation period usually lasts from 1 to 10 days. The child is considered contagious the day before the onset of the first symptoms and for the next 2-3 weeks. The infection is transmitted by airborne droplets (when sneezing, kissing, etc.). In addition, you can get infected with scarlet fever through food, shared utensils, clothes, or simply by holding on to the door handle, which was previously opened by a completely healthy-looking carrier of the infection.


    Epidemic parotitis (lat. parotitis epidemica: mumps, mumps) is an acute benign infectious disease, with non-purulent lesions of the glandular organs (salivary glands, pancreas, testicles) and the central nervous system, caused by paramyxovirus. The name "mumps" is considered obsolete. Now this disease is more often called "mumps". In Latin, the parotid salivary gland is called glandula parotidea, and its inflammation is parotitis; => hence the name of the disease. Children aged 3 to 15 years are most often affected. Infection occurs by airborne droplets (when coughing, sneezing, talking) from a sick person who is infected up to 9 days. There are also several mutations of the virus that are sexually transmitted because of this, the disease is sometimes classified as a sexually transmitted disease. After suffering mumps, strong immunity remains. hence the name of the disease. Children aged 3 to 15 years are most often affected. Infection occurs by airborne droplets (when coughing, sneezing, talking) from a sick person who is infected up to 9 days. There are also several mutations of the virus that are sexually transmitted because of this, the disease is sometimes classified as a sexually transmitted disease. After suffering mumps, strong immunity remains. Immunity ">


    An acute infectious disease that occurs with the phenomena of membranous inflammation at the site of the introduction of the pathogen. Diphtheria is caused by a special microbe diphtheria bacillus, discovered only in the last century. Diphtheria bacillus is resistant to cold, drying; can be stored for several weeks on objects, things. Under the action of sunlight dies after a few hours; very sensitive to disinfectants. If the trouble has not passed your house, boil things and the bed of a sick child, dishes and his toys (pour at least boiling water); door handles, faucets, toilet seat, wash and treat with chloramine. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets, through objects and things that the patient used. The place of introduction is the mucous membrane. Diphtheria bacillus, getting on the mucous membrane of the throat, nose, larynx, feels very comfortable. It multiplies at lightning speed, producing a poison that poisons the body. The toxin affects the heart muscle, nervous system, liver, kidneys. Protection - vaccination.


    Vaccination is an active immunization, which consists in introducing specific antigens into the body, to which it actively responds with the development of immunity. From time to time there is an unfavorable situation with infectious diseases associated with unreasonable medical challenges to vaccination, refusal of parents to vaccinate their children. As a result of the decrease in immunoprophylaxis, the incidence of measles, whooping cough, mumps infection, etc., increases. Today, no one has any doubts that vaccination is the most effective method of combating infectious pathology, which currently has no alternative. At the same time, it should be rightly noted that vaccination coverage has increased one and a half times in recent years. Modern vaccination is based on the principle of re-introduction of the antigen, which makes it possible to achieve a higher level and longer retention of antibodies in the blood, as well as a pronounced immunological memory. It has been established that the optimal interval between the first and second administration of the vaccine is from 1 to 2 months. With an earlier re-injection, vaccine antigens may be eliminated due to the high levels of antibodies induced by the first injection. Lengthening the interval between injections does not reduce the effectiveness of immunization, but leads to an increase in the non-immune layer.


    Almost any disease, especially infectious disease, leads to a weakening of the immune system and the emergence of a state of immune deficiency: surgery and anesthesia; overwork and chronic stress, malnutrition, a number of hormonal drugs and antibiotics. There is such a rule: the stronger and wider the action of an antibiotic, the more it reduces immunity. Antibiotics are fungal yeast, but candidiasis (thrush) can often occur as a complication. In this case, antifungal drugs should also be included in the rehabilitation course. Real immune therapy is quite complicated, and so far only Cordyceps can be considered a universal remedy for improving immunity, which stimulates the reproduction of T-lymphocytes, which in turn regulate the level of immunity. Only the diagnosis of the immune status allows the doctor to judge the presence of an immunodeficiency state. And a person just needs to lead a healthy lifestyle and leave his immunity alone.


    The immunity of the child is laid even during fetal development. Therefore, if your baby is often sick, then smoking during pregnancy, drinking alcohol could be the culprit. Sometimes the formation of a child's immunity can be adversely affected by infectious diseases transferred by the mother during pregnancy. The cause of poor immunity can also be malfunctions in the functioning of the baby's gastrointestinal tract or a lack of vitamins. If your baby has dysbacteriosis or rickets, then, most likely, he will subsequently have problems with immunity. Therefore, do not delay a visit to the doctor if you observe signs of these diseases in your baby. There are frequent problems with immunity in babies born prematurely. Severe diseases or surgical interventions have a very negative effect on the state of the child's immunity. After any infectious disease, the baby's immune system is weakened. Viral diseases such as influenza or chickenpox also disrupt your baby's immune system. For some time after the illness, the baby will be very susceptible to various diseases and can even go into the category of frequently ill children. factors that also affect the state of immunity are the diet of the baby and his lifestyle. If your baby eats only sweets and does not eat animal food or vegetables at all, then, of course, his menu will lack the necessary substances, which cannot but affect immunity. A sedentary lifestyle, rare and short walks in the air, prolonged sitting in front of a TV or computer monitor can also adversely affect. Passive smoking is very harmful to babies. Take care of your baby's health!!!

    The presentation on the topic "Children's infections" can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Project subject: Medicine. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 11 slide(s).

    Presentation slides

    slide 1

    Children's infections

    There are a number of infectious diseases that are commonly called children's, as they are ill mainly in childhood. Moreover, as a rule, this happens once, and strong immunity lasts for life. Childhood infections include: measles, rubella, chickenpox (chickenpox), scarlet fever, whooping cough, and mumps (mumps). The main manifestation of measles, rubella, chickenpox and scarlet fever is a skin rash, the nature and sequence of which varies depending on the specific disease. The appearance of a rash is almost always preceded by fever, weakness, headache. Infectious parotitis (mumps) is characterized by an increase and soreness of one or two parotid glands - while the patient's face acquires a characteristic pear-shaped shape. The main manifestation of whooping cough is typical bouts of spasmodic coughing. In a spasmodic attack, a wheezing breath is followed by a series of short convulsive coughing shocks that follow each other without stopping for one exhalation. Some of these diseases (chickenpox, rubella) are relatively mild in childhood, while others can cause complications and have the most serious consequences. However, childhood infections are most severe and prolonged in people who become ill with them in adulthood. If you suspect such infections in children or adults, you should consult a doctor (pediatrician or therapist), who will establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment.

    slide 2

    Chickenpox (chickenpox)

    Chickenpox (chicken pox) is a highly contagious acute infectious disease that occurs with a characteristic blistering rash. Children who attend kindergarten or school are more likely to get sick - places with a large crowd of people. The disease is caused by one of the herpes viruses. Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease. The virus is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person by airborne droplets (when talking, staying in one small room). Infection can also occur from a patient with shingles (caused by the same type of herpes virus). A person with chickenpox becomes contagious two days before the rash appears, and remains contagious for the first 5 to 7 days after the rash appears. The incubation period for chickenpox is 7-21 days. The virus enters the human body through the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth and pharynx. Then the virus spreads throughout the body by lymph and blood, penetrates the skin and mucous membranes, where it multiplies.

    slide 3

    Rubella

    Rubella is a highly contagious acute infectious disease caused by the rubella virus. Most often, unvaccinated children aged 2-9 years are sick. Rubella is especially dangerous in the first 3 months of pregnancy - while severe congenital malformations of the child often develop, intrauterine fetal death is possible. In general, rubella is more severe in adults than in children. The source of infection is a person with a clinically expressed or erased form of rubella. Ways of transmission - airborne (when talking with the patient, kissing) and vertical (from mother to fetus). A contact route of infection is also possible - through children's toys. The patient becomes contagious 1 week before the onset of the rash and continues to shed virus for 5 to 7 days after the onset of the rash. A child with congenital rubella excretes the pathogen for a longer time (up to 21-20 months).

    slide 4

    Measles is an infectious disease caused by the measles virus. The probability of infecting a person who has not been ill with measles through contact with a sick person is close to 100%. Most often, children of preschool and school age are ill. The source of infection is a sick person. The patient is contagious 4-6 days before the onset of the rash and in the first 4 days of the rash. The infection is transmitted by airborne droplets - when coughing, sneezing, talking and even breathing. It is also possible vertical transmission of measles - from a pregnant woman to the fetus.

    slide 5

    Whooping cough is an acute infectious disease, accompanied by inflammation in the upper respiratory tract and paroxysmal spasmodic cough. Most often, unvaccinated children under the age of 5 become infected, and whooping cough is especially dangerous for children in the first year of life. At an older age, this infection is much easier. Whooping cough is caused by a specific bacterium called Bordetella pertussis. The microbe is transmitted by airborne droplets (when coughing, sneezing, talking) in close contact with a sick person. The disease is highly contagious. However, the contact (for example, through toys) route of infection transmission is impossible, since the bacterium quickly dies in the external environment. Immunity after an illness is developed very persistent and usually lasts for life. Relapses can occur in old age. However, as a rule, doctors take it for a cold - the disease is so easy.

    slide 6

    Scarlet fever

    Scarlet fever is an acute infectious disease characterized by fever, intoxication, sore throat and profuse punctate rash. Most often, children 2-10 years old get sick. The causative agent of scarlet fever is group A streptococcus, which can also cause kidney damage (glomerulunophritis), tonsillitis, chronic tonsillitis, rheumatism and other diseases. Scarlet fever occurs if at the time of infection with streptococcus there is no immunity to it. The source of infection is a patient with scarlet fever, tonsillitis or a "healthy" carrier of stereptococci. The incubation period usually lasts from 1 to 10 days. The child is considered contagious the day before the onset of the first symptoms and for the next 2-3 weeks. The infection is transmitted by airborne droplets (when sneezing, kissing, etc.). In addition, you can get infected with scarlet fever through food, shared utensils, clothes, or simply by holding on to the door handle, which was previously opened by a completely healthy-looking carrier of the infection.

    Slide 7

    mumps (mumps)

    Mumps (Latin parotitis epidemica: mumps, mumps) is an acute benign infectious disease, with non-purulent lesions of the glandular organs (salivary glands, pancreas, testes) and the central nervous system, caused by paramyxovirus. The name "mumps" is considered obsolete. Now this disease is more often called "mumps". In Latin, the parotid salivary gland is called glandula parotidea, and its inflammation is parotitis; => hence the name of the disease. Children aged 3 to 15 years are most often affected. Infection occurs by airborne droplets (when coughing, sneezing, talking) from a sick person who is infected up to 9 days. There are also several mutations of the virus that are sexually transmitted because of this, the disease is sometimes classified as a venereal disease. After suffering mumps, strong immunity remains.

    Slide 8

    Diphtheria

    An acute infectious disease that occurs with the phenomena of membranous inflammation at the site of the introduction of the pathogen. Diphtheria is caused by a special microbe - a diphtheria bacillus, discovered only in the last century. Diphtheria bacillus is resistant to cold, drying; can be stored for several weeks on objects, things. Under the action of sunlight dies after a few hours; very sensitive to disinfectants. If the trouble has not passed your house, boil things and the bed of a sick child, dishes and his toys (pour at least boiling water); door handles, faucets, toilet seat, wash and treat with chloramine. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets, through objects and things that the patient used. The place of introduction is the mucous membrane. Diphtheria bacillus, getting on the mucous membrane of the throat, nose, larynx, feels very comfortable. It multiplies at lightning speed, producing a poison that poisons the body. The toxin affects the heart muscle, nervous system, liver, kidneys. Protection - vaccination.

    Slide 9

    specific prevention of infectious diseases

    Vaccination is an active immunization, which consists in introducing specific antigens into the body, to which it actively responds with the development of immunity. From time to time there is an unfavorable situation with infectious diseases associated with unreasonable medical challenges to vaccination, refusal of parents to vaccinate their children. As a result of the decrease in immunoprophylaxis, the incidence of measles, whooping cough, mumps infection, etc., increases. Today, no one has any doubts that vaccination is the most effective method of combating infectious pathology, which currently has no alternative. At the same time, it should be rightly noted that vaccination coverage has increased one and a half times in recent years. Modern vaccination is based on the principle of re-introduction of the antigen, which makes it possible to achieve a higher level and longer retention of antibodies in the blood, as well as a pronounced immunological memory. It has been established that the optimal interval between the first and second administration of the vaccine is from 1 to 2 months. With an earlier re-injection, vaccine antigens may be eliminated due to the high levels of antibodies induced by the first injection. Lengthening the interval between injections does not reduce the effectiveness of immunization, but leads to an increase in the non-immune layer.

    Slide 10

    Keep me immune

    Almost any disease, especially infectious disease, leads to a weakening of the immune system and the emergence of a state of immune deficiency: surgery and anesthesia; overwork and chronic stress, malnutrition, a number of hormonal drugs and antibiotics. There is such a rule: the stronger and wider the action of an antibiotic, the more it reduces immunity. Antibiotics are fungal yeast, but candidiasis (thrush) can often occur as a complication. In this case, antifungal drugs should also be included in the rehabilitation course. Real immune therapy is quite complicated, and so far only Cordyceps can be considered a universal remedy for improving immunity, which stimulates the reproduction of T-lymphocytes, which in turn regulate the level of immunity. Only the diagnosis of the immune status allows the doctor to judge the presence of an immunodeficiency state. And a person just needs to lead a healthy lifestyle and leave his immunity alone.

    Slide 11

    The immunity of the child is in the hands of the parents!!!

    The immunity of the child is laid even during fetal development. Therefore, if your baby is often sick, then smoking during pregnancy, drinking alcohol could be the culprit. Sometimes the formation of a child's immunity can be adversely affected by infectious diseases transferred by the mother during pregnancy. The cause of poor immunity can also be malfunctions in the functioning of the baby's gastrointestinal tract or a lack of vitamins. If your baby has dysbacteriosis or rickets, then, most likely, he will subsequently have problems with immunity. Therefore, do not delay a visit to the doctor if you observe signs of these diseases in your baby. There are frequent problems with immunity in babies born prematurely. Severe diseases or surgical interventions have a very negative effect on the state of the child's immunity. After any infectious disease, the baby's immune system is weakened. Viral diseases such as influenza or chickenpox also disrupt your baby's immune system. For some time after the illness, the baby will be very susceptible to various diseases and can even go into the category of frequently ill children. factors that also affect the state of immunity are the diet of the baby and his lifestyle. If your baby eats only sweets and does not eat animal food or vegetables at all, then, of course, his menu will lack the necessary substances, which cannot but affect immunity. A sedentary lifestyle, rare and short walks in the air, prolonged sitting in front of a TV or computer monitor can also adversely affect. Passive smoking is very harmful to babies. Take care of your baby's health!!!

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  • "Children and Health" - Material Support. Corrective work. Material support of physical culture and health-improving work. Complex diagnostics. 3. A complex of psychohygienic measures: Corrective work with children who are prone to the formation of a violation of posture; Corrective work with children with flat feet and a tendency to flat feet, with a poorly formed foot.

    "Health of adolescents" - Ecology, the state of the environment. Factors determining the likelihood of adolescent health disorders. The problems of a teenager often carry very serious consequences. Gastritis. Psychological health. High levels of stress can cause a teenager to seek medical help. conditions and lifestyle.

    "Healthy children in a healthy family" - Works of children. Project stages. hardening procedures. Physical minutes. Advice for parents. The desire of parents to use motor activity. Acupressure for children. Parents. diagnostic direction. Doctor's consultation. November. Healthy child. Parents' work. Healthy child.

    "Healthy child" - Healthy sleep. Children fall asleep differently. Proper nutrition. Proper nutrition. Walk. Hockey. For the child to be healthy. The health of our children. Parent meeting Topic: We wish you and your children HEALTH! Put your baby to bed at the same time every day. Z a k a l i v a n i e. Playing sports.

    "Healthy family - healthy child" - Classification of family values. Capabilities. Raise a lucky man. Evolution. Associations. Many specialists. Great happiness. The Constitution of the Russian Federation. Education Act". Car. Healthy children. OK. Proper nutrition. Sun in the morning. Healthy lifestyle. Parent. Decisive person. Commissioner under the President of the Russian Federation.

    "Good Children of the World" - From the Pacific to the Baltic, the ideas of the Movement found a warm and interested response. The uniqueness of the Movement: Wishes to the children of the movement! International youth "GOOD GAMES" holidays of sports, strength, health! May the spiritual connection of times never be interrupted! Let the great traditions of the creators of Russia be passed on from generation to generation!

    In total there are 19 presentations in the topic