What are these red spots on the body? Causes and treatment of pink spots on the body. Photos and comments. If they appeared after the bath

Reds round spots appear on the skin for various reasons and indicate the presence certain disease or some kind of disorder in the body. Treatment of a skin defect can only be carried out after a medical examination and establishment of the correct diagnosis. A dermatologist will help you deal with the problem by examining the patient’s skin and prescribing appropriate examinations.

Why spots appear: reasons

Pigmentation can appear under the influence of certain diseases:

• allergic urticaria;
• lupus erythematosus;
• lichen planus;
• pityriasis versicolor;
• fungus;
• pityriasis rosea;
• infections and more.

Often spots on the skin occur when allergic reaction on the:

• insect bites;
• medications;
• animal hair;
• Food;
• cosmetical tools;
• chemical substances.

Foci of redness appear on the human body, which are accompanied by severe itching. IN severe cases allergies can lead to angioedema or anaphylactic shock, therefore, when the first signs appear respiratory failure such a patient must be hospitalized in a hospital.

Lupus erythematosus is accompanied by the appearance of sharply defined, rounded rashes on the skin of a pink or pale red color. Such a spot peels off and has a thickened surface, and after healing it leaves a scar. These spots may appear on the scalp or in the area ears, but most often affect the face. It is believed that red patches appear on the face as a result of malfunction immune system.

Lichen planus refers to chronic diseases, which affect the skin and mucous membranes. Red papules with a shiny surface, separated from healthy tissue, form on the skin. The papules have a umbilical depression in the center and can coalesce to form plaques. The rash is accompanied by itching and most often appears on the inner thigh, on ankle joints and in the elbow bends.

Tinea versicolor is caused by fungi that affect the skin on the body or scalp. Spots appear on the affected areas different color: brown, yellow, pink. From sun rays they may become even more discolored and, with the onset of cold weather, acquire a darker color.

The fungus belongs to infectious lesions skin, which cause destruction of the surface layer of the dermis, hair and nail plate. Under the influence of the fungus, a rash appears on the skin in the form of flaky plaques. The plaques are red or brown, have clear boundaries and are accompanied by itching. The fungus causes damage to the nails, after which they become brittle and crumble. Hair on the affected area of ​​skin breaks easily.

Pityriasis rosea also has infectious nature and occurs when the immune system is weakened. Such a disease does not pass from a sick person to a healthy one. It begins with the appearance large spot on the skin, covered with scales with a bright pink color. Gradually, smaller spots begin to spread throughout the body, and after they disappear, pink or pinkish-yellow formations begin to appear above the skin. They are localized in the hip, back, shoulder or chest.

Among childhood infections, red spots on the skin can cause:

• chicken pox;
• rubella;
• measles.

With chickenpox, a rash appears all over the body and then becomes covered with blisters. clear liquid. Rubella is accompanied by the appearance of red spots on the back, thighs and back of the shoulder. Measles is accompanied by the appearance of red spots that begin to form on the face and then gradually spread to the legs.

May also cause red or pink spots on the skin:

• eczema;
• psoriasis;
• scarlet fever;
• scleroderma.

Only a dermatologist can determine the cause of pigmentation. To do this, the patient must undergo medical examination and, if necessary, visit other specialists: an endocrinologist or gastroenterologist. The diagnosis is made based on the results of tests and examination of the skin.

In order to exclude fungal infection, a scraping is taken from the spot, and to determine the presence of an inflammatory reaction in the body, a general analysis blood.

If an allergy is suspected, special tests are performed to help identify the allergen. If a malignant pathology is suspected, a biopsy may be prescribed, during which a piece of tissue is taken from the area of ​​pigmentation for examination. The course of therapy is selected individually depending on the main cause of the appearance of red spots.

If red rashes appear due to allergies, treatment will consist of taking antihistamines: suprastin, loratadine, claritin.

In addition, the doctor will prescribe hypoallergenic diet, excluding allergy-provoking foods:

• eggs;
• chocolate;
• citrus;
• mushrooms;
• nuts.

1. For external processing The skin may be prescribed a cooling ointment with menthol or another component, which will relieve severe itching and irritation.
2. Treatment infectious spots performed with antiviral agents.
3. Fungal diseases are treated antifungal agents, and pityriasis rosea - with corticosteroid ointments. Also commonly used to treat lichen antihistamines, antibiotics and chatterboxes.
4. Remove red rashes that have arisen due to neurological reasons, will help sedatives And herbal teas. To treat eczema, you can use Radevit ointment, which contains vitamins and helps restore the skin. After using this product, the skin softens, stops peeling and becomes normal color. In addition, the following can be used to treat eczema and psoriasis. medicines like Iricar, Psoriate. If the appearance of spots is associated with a decrease in immunity, taking vitamin products, correct mode sleep and rest, and good nutrition.

Emollient ointments and creams have an anti-inflammatory effect:

• Egzomega cream;
• Desitin ointment;
• Elkom ointment;
• Bepanten ointment.

From funds traditional medicine A decoction of string, oak bark or birch leaves helps well.

If the appearance of red spots is associated with poor nutrition and disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, in order to get rid of the problem, you need to adjust your diet and exclude some dishes:

• smoked;
• spicy;
• fat;
• salty.

When areas of pigmentation form on the face or body, you should not self-medicate or hope that they will disappear on their own. If a rash appears on your body, it is recommended to seek help from a doctor. To prevent recurrent rashes, you need to monitor the condition of your skin and avoid harmful factors.

Skin is one of the main reflections of health internal organs and systems. If malfunctions occur in the body, it reacts first: rashes, inflammation, itching or red spots. It’s not easy to figure out what exactly triggered them. It is necessary to take into account, firstly, the accompanying symptoms - whether there is scabies, whether the relief is changed, whether the skin in the affected area is dry or moist. Secondly, it is important to analyze the events and actions of the past days.

Why do red spots appear on the body of an adult?

The appearance of local redness directly on the body, and not on the face, is one of the most common options skin reaction for some internal problems. It can accompany situational failures and be a messenger serious pathologies that require immediate medical intervention. For this reason, doctors advise first to figure out what caused the red spots to appear, and only then try to normalize the condition of the skin, since without finding out the reasons, there is a risk of eliminating the symptom and not noticing the main danger.

Factors that are not associated with serious illness include:

• Disruption of the digestive process due to frequent “mistakes” in nutrition: with too obvious cravings for simple carbohydrates And fried food a person puts a high load on the liver and pancreas, and creates a “warehouse” in the intestines harmful substances remaining after processing such food. As soon as digestive system ceases to cope with the dirt that is thrown into it, the skin gives a signal in the form of a large number of small red spots - a rash. Often no itching or other unpleasant symptoms she does not have.
• An allergic reaction to food, air, medications, and even the material from which clothing is made. They often appear almost immediately after contact with the allergen, and the red spots on the body itch if you touch them, but there is no pain. In some cases, if the body's response to the allergen is too strong, swelling may appear, but not always in the same place where the spots formed. Treatment, accordingly, consists of taking antihistamines and using silver-based medications.
• Allergic diseases - identified in separate group, since they can develop slowly and also do not pass as quickly as situational reactions. Even after contact with the allergen has been interrupted, full treatment is required to get rid of the symptoms and internal malfunction. The most common allergic skin diseases are dermatitis and eczema, in which red spots are accompanied by itching, causing constant desire comb them. A separate category is photodermatosis or an allergic reaction to sunlight.

Infectious diseases

A separate group of reasons that can trigger the appearance of red spots on the body are infections - both skin and general. They are mainly observed in young children, whose immunity has not yet been formed, but they can also affect adults, especially those suffering from diabetes, who are subject to frequent psychological exhaustion.

Doctors advise paying special attention to:

• Erysipelas (erysipelas) – the causative agent of the disease is streptococcus, and the onset of the disease cannot be missed: there will be severe intoxication of the body, after which large red spots will form, accompanied by a burning sensation.
• Ringworm - characterized by the appearance of red rough spots on the body, whose size can reach 5 cm in diameter, while their color is uneven. Some types of lichen are characterized by an additional pink border around the spot, the appearance of bubbles, and gradual darkening of the formation.
• Measles and rubella - the latter is often called a mild version of measles, so they are combined into one group. The transmission of the virus is airborne, and in addition to the skin reaction, the patient experiences a change in the size of the lymph nodes. The spots are not so much red as pink, small, and usually begin to spread from the face to the body.
• Chickenpox, a disease that mainly affects children, is even more severe in adulthood. The spots are small, similar to bite marks, gradually forming in small pimples. A person experiences constant itching, and as the disease progresses, the number of spots increases.

As for the treatment of red spots caused by infectious diseases, therapy should first of all be aimed at eliminating the specific infection. If it affects the entire body, then it is taking antiviral drugs, taking vitamins (for example, A and C are required for measles). For skin infections, antiviral external agents are used: the most commonly used is Acyclovir.

Autoimmune diseases

People encounter this problem less frequently than those listed above, since most autoimmune diseases are hereditary in nature and in such a situation the question “why the red spots appeared” does not arise. A person often knows about everything that has been passed on to him genetically. The number of diseases that may be associated with pathologies of the immune system is small:

• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, otherwise known as Werlhof's disease, is associated with a lack of platelets. The red spots accompanying it are complicated by hemorrhages different sizes that happen at night.
• Psioriasis - its causes are still being investigated; it manifests itself mainly as spots on the skin of the body, but as it develops it can affect the head and nails.
• Lupus erythematosus is a disease associated with connective tissue disorders, which is characterized by big amount red spots on the body and face, combined into groups. Gradually they dry out and begin to peel off.

The most common cause is allergy, which has several types: reaction immediate type, delayed type and cold. If the first type occurs, the patient must be hospitalized as soon as possible. For correct definition other symptoms must also be taken into account: for example, immediate reactions are characterized by itching and difficulty breathing.

An allergic reaction is characterized by the systematic appearance of spots due to the ingestion of any products (most often citrus fruits, chocolate and nuts become allergens), use chemicals, the presence of animals in the house, as well as taking medications or vitamin complexes. In children, a reaction can be triggered by oversaturation of the body with sweets. Typically appears on the face, neck and arms. To get rid of unpleasant formations in most cases, it is enough to abandon the allergen and undergo a course of treatment. By effective means in the fight against rashes are histamine blockers, such as Kestin or Loratadine.

2 Neurological manifestations

Due to constant emotional stress, physical and psychological stress, mental turmoil in a person may disrupt the regulation of the nervous system and develop vegetative-vascular dystonia. As a result, spots may often appear on the skin; as a rule, after calming and stabilizing the functioning of the nervous system, they disappear.

3 Autonomic dysfunction

Often, during physical activity or due to anxiety, people may develop bright pink spots on the face, neck and chest area. This phenomenon occurs as a result of a violation of vascular tone: in response to some factors, the capillaries expand and thus form “spotting” of the skin. To get rid of stains, you can treat them with means to normalize vascular tone, these include moderate physical exercise, cold and hot shower And so on.

4 Insect bites

Often red spots are the body’s reaction to bites from mosquitoes, midges, ants or other insects. As a rule, such spots disappear without a trace already on the second day after the bite. Insect bites can trigger an allergic reaction in some people, as is often the case with wasp stings. If the skin around the area where the insect has bitten is significantly swollen, you should immediately contact an ambulance.

5 Infectious diseases

The fact that the body is covered with red spots may indicate the presence of infectious diseases in the body caused by various viruses, bacteria or fungi. Most infectious diseases are transmitted by airborne droplets or through contact with infected individuals.

6 Viral infections

Most often, viral diseases that are accompanied by the appearance of red spots on the body are measles, rubella or chickenpox. For any of these diseases, it is very important to diagnose it in a timely manner in the patient; the patient must be isolated in order to avoid an epidemic outbreak of a particular infection.

Each of these infections has its own characteristic manifestations:

1. Measles is an acute infectious disease transmitted by airborne droplets. With measles, the face first becomes covered with spots, then gradually they go down; simultaneously with the appearance of spots on the body, pimples can form, containing liquid inside. One of the first symptoms of the disease is heat body (38-40 °C), cough, runny nose, fear of light, headache. Incubation period lasts up to 2 weeks. There are no special drugs against measles. Symptomatic treatment includes expectorants, anti-inflammatory drugs. Daily rinsing with a solution containing Delaxin will help relieve itching.
2. Rubella is an acute viral disease transmitted by airborne droplets. The incubation period is 10-20 days. With rubella, on the third or fourth day the surface of the spots becomes covered with a crust, which can itch and peel; as a rule, small red formations appear on the trunk and extensor parts of the limbs. With rubella, the body temperature rises and the lymph nodes become enlarged. There are no special drugs for the treatment of rubella; the main ones are prescribed antiviral drugs, immunostimulants and vitamins.
3. Chickenpox is a disease caused by the third type of herpes virus. When the virus enters the body, it primarily affects nervous system and skin. With chickenpox, the red spots on the body first itch, then become covered with vesicles and pustules, localizing throughout the body. Characteristic symptoms are general malaise and elevated temperature bodies. The incubation period for chickenpox lasts approximately 2 weeks. For treatment chickenpox antiviral and antihistamine drugs are used. To avoid infection secondary infection and eliminate itching, the patient’s skin is treated antiseptic(most often brilliant green is used for these purposes).

All these diseases are much easier to transfer to childhood, then the child develops immunity and viral diseases do not appear again.

7 Bacterial rashes

Most common bacterial infections, the symptom of which are red itchy spots, are considered diseases caused by streptococcus. This group includes scarlet fever and streptoderma.

1. Scarlet fever is an acute infectious disease caused by group A streptococcus. With this disease, the skin becomes covered with a small rash of red or bright pink color. A week after the rash appears, the skin begins to peel off, characteristic symptoms illnesses include chills, nausea, headache, sore throat, constant fatigue and drowsiness. Scarlet fever can be treated at home. The patient must comply bed rest for 1-2 weeks. The doctor prescribes a 10-day course of antibiotics that suppress the growth of streptococcus in the body. Besides, Special attention is given to the treatment of the throat, gargling with a solution of furatsilin, infusions is prescribed pharmaceutical chamomile and eucalyptus.
2. Streptoderma is an infectious skin disease caused by streptococcal microflora. Infection occurs through close contact with a sick person. The spots formed during this disease can reach a diameter of 3-4 cm; they usually have a round shape and a pale pink color. Their usual location is the face, less often the back. The incubation period for streptoderma is approximately 7 days. Red spots on the body resulting from streptoderma can be treated with immunostimulants and restorative drugs. During the treatment period, the patient is prohibited from taking a shower or bath. It is only allowed to wipe healthy areas of the skin with decoctions of medicinal herbs.

8 Fungal etiology of the disease

Fungal infectious diseases, in which large red spots may appear, primarily include lichen. If you have red spots that are itchy, it may be due to versicolor, rosacea, or another type of lichen.

1. If pityriasis rosea a spot on the body can reach 3-4 cm in diameter, usually a number of smaller ones appear next to it oval shape, which are located along the stretch lines of the skin. The causative factor can be a cold and weakened immunity, as well as hypothermia or overheating of the skin.
2. In case of ringworm the skin becomes covered with flaky spots, their predominant location is hairy part heads. They are accompanied by terrible itching.
3. If small red spots with a brownish tint appear and they do not itch, most likely it is lichen versicolor.

Treatment of lichen occurs as follows: the location of the fungal formation is treated by special means(and iodine solution), at the same time, medications are prescribed to strengthen the immune system. The doctor selects antifungal agents.

9 Skin pathologies and therapeutic measures

The appearance of red spots on the skin may indicate the presence. If you are sure that such formations are not the result of insect bites or an allergic reaction, it is best to consult a specialist. in this case- see a dermatologist.

The most common diseases with symptoms of redness of the skin are scleroderma, psoriasis and eczema.

1. Scleroderma is an inflammatory process provoked by the defective functioning of the immune system, which affects connective tissues. As a rule, this feature of the immune system is congenital pathology, but this does not mean that there will always be spots on the body. They can appear only in favorable conditions, for example, after suffering from a cold or viral disease. During this period, the load on the vessels increases, those that are thinner burst, resulting in spots appearing. Scleroderma can be distinguished from other dermatological diseases by the location of the spots: as a rule, they appear on the arms and legs.
2. Psoriasis refers to autoimmune diseases and is characterized by the appearance of papules on the skin - bright red spots, which are slightly denser than healthy areas of skin and slightly rise above the surface skin. Gradually these spots increase in size and merge into one whole. The rash may peel and itch, characteristic difference psoriasis from other diseases is the presence of white scales on the spots. Sometimes the disease can spread over the entire surface of the body, causing a person a lot of psychological and physiological discomfort. Psoriasis is considered incurable, but modern means help minimize its manifestations. For treatment purposes, glucocorticoid ointments are used that can fight inflammation of the skin, and the patient is also prescribed ultraviolet irradiation.
3. Eczema is another one dermatological disease, characterized allergic origin. A distinctive feature is the localization of a scaly rash on the legs, back, abdomen, and also under the armpits and on the arms. This disease is the body's reaction to chemical dyes and aromatic additives, which can be included in food or cosmetics. Fat, spicy food, stress can also cause eczema.

Considering very a large number of diseases, the symptom of which may be red spots, for correct diagnosis you should consult a doctor. After all, to understand how to treat red spots, you need to find out what caused them.

If a person has red spots on his body, he should not ignore it. There are many reasons for the appearance of such spots (such as common allergies, stress and poor nutrition, as well as more serious diseases, including diseases of internal organs and hormonal imbalance), and the consequences can be different, so you shouldn’t hesitate to go to the doctor.

Scleroderma: small rashes of different colors

With scleroderma, scar tissue appears in some places on the body. There are two forms of scleroderma: limited and systemic. During systemic scleroderma Damage to internal organs and skin damage occurs. The skin becomes dense, glossy and resembles ivory. During limited scleroderma, one to several red spots with a lilac tint appear.

If there are signs of scleroderma, you should immediately consult a doctor. There is no need to take any measures on your own, because you can only make the situation worse.

Psoriasis as a cause of red, scaly patches on the skin of the body

Red spots with white scales are the first sign. These spots on the body itch and itch. The causes of this disease are reduced immunity, stress, heredity. Psoriasis is not a fatal disease, but it can have negative psychological effects on a person. Self-esteem decreases and a feeling of shame appears.

Eczema: The rash is brightly colored and itchy

Allergic disease skin in the form of a rash or blisters. Eczema is accompanied by severe itching. Vegetable and chemical dyes, aromatic additives in food can cause this disease. Preservatives and additives in cosmetics can also contribute to the development of eczema. Like insect bites, and some types of foods (such as spicy and salty food, citrus fruits, smoked meats, chocolate, carbonated drinks).

Eczema can also be caused by stressful situations. In women, it often manifests itself after childbirth (physical activity, lack of sleep). When functions are impaired digestive tract, eczema may also occur.

Allergies and infectious diseases in children and adults

If there are red spots on the body caused by allergies, they can be on the neck, arms and legs. The cause of an allergy can be anything: food products, medicines, air, cosmetics. In addition to red dots, itching may also appear and breathing may become difficult. In this case, the patient must be hospitalized immediately.

Pityriasis rosea: round and oval rashes

The main signs of pityriasis rosea are oval and round shape. They appear on the shoulders, back, hips and peel off a little. Sometimes such spots itch and itch. The causative agent of lichen may be a cold or weak immunity. Most often, this lichen appears in spring or autumn. If you wash the stains with water or smear the skin with ointments that contain tar and sulfur, there may be severe irritation. Itching begins and the spots turn bright red. If such spots appear, you should not hesitate to visit a dermatovenerologist.

Measles, rubella, scarlet fever and chickenpox

Rubella, measles, chickenpox are infectious diseases, from which red spots, dots, and blisters appear on the body. If these diseases are the cause of the appearance of these spots, then the patient must be isolated from healthy people who have not previously suffered from these diseases.

Measles: appearance of a bumpy rash

Measles can manifest itself after coughing and fever. The rash first covers the face, neck and chest, then the torso and limbs. The rash looks like red bumps, sometimes several bumps merge into one large one. Even when the rash goes away, changes will remain on the skin. Pigmentation and peeling occurs.

Expert opinion: In fact, not only measles can appear after a cough and fever, but also rubella and chickenpox.

Rubella: small rashes that are painful when pressed

Rubella – small rash which is accompanied by short-term fever. The virus enters through the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx. Afterwards, it multiplies in the body and is fixed in lymph nodes, which are increasing. At the beginning of the disease, nothing bothers the patient, but there is malaise, severe fatigue and weakness a day or two before the rash appears. The temperature is not higher than 38 degrees. A sore throat also bothers me. On the first day of the disease, the rash appears only on the face, and then the sores begin to spread throughout the body. The spots are 6 mm in diameter. If you press on the stain, it may disappear. As a rule, the rashes on the torso are larger than on the face and are strongly expressed in the area of ​​extension of the limbs, on the buttocks, upper back and lower back. A dry cough and watery eyes appear. Increase occipital lymph nodes appears two days before the onset of the rash. It can be painful to feel these nodes. Complications after rubella are rare and, as a rule, only in adult patients.

Scarlet fever: peeling skin, rash all over the body

The causative agent of scarlet fever is streptococcus. Appears during a sore throat in the form of a red or bright pink pinpoint rash all over the body. After the first week of illness, the skin begins to peel off. Drowsiness, severe headaches, and chills appear. There may also be nausea and vomiting. The rash appears at the beginning of the second day, while the tonsils are enlarged. Appears first on the neck, then on the upper back and chest. After this, it quickly spreads throughout the body. A rash of bright red color in the form of small, closely spaced dots. On days 2–3, the rash reaches its climax and then gradually subsides. At the site where the rash was, the skin may begin to peel, but in two or three weeks it will go away.

Expert opinion: Scarlet fever does not appear during a sore throat. Sore throat is its manifestation.

Chickenpox: bumps and blisters all over the body, itching and sores due to scratching

Chickenpox (varicella) is caused by a virus that belongs to the herpes group. First, a red bump (papule) appears, and then a vesicle (vesicle) appears on it. During illness, a rash occurs throughout the body. As the bubbles begin to dry out, new ones appear. Signs of chickenpox may include fever, rashes that itch and want to be scratched constantly. If scratching caused purulent infection, then the blisters turn into pustules. This risks leaving scars on the skin. Recovery occurs from the 10th day from the onset of the disease. Chickenpox does not cause complications if a person experiences it in early age. In adults, it is more complicated and can cause complications. As a treatment, the tubercles are treated with brilliant green twice a day.

Diagnostics

A huge number of reasons why red spots may appear on the skin make diagnosis much more difficult. The initial examination is an external examination of the patient. The combination of the patient’s existing complaints and the characteristics of the rash helps the doctor determine preliminary diagnosis. Only after this are laboratory tests prescribed.

In addition to a blood test, they may include a scraping of the affected area and a urine test. In particular difficult cases Hormone levels may need to be determined and biochemical research blood. Only as a result comprehensive survey manages to determine the real reason pathology.

Additional circumstances

If spots appear in a pregnant woman

The main reasons for the appearance of red spots are described above. All of them are present in pregnant women. The only difference is that during pregnancy they decrease protective forces and the likelihood of developing the disease increases. Especially it concerns infectious pathologies and viral. The same can be said about allergic reactions: during pregnancy, their likelihood is higher.

But there is one disease that is typical specifically for the gestation period. We are talking about chloasma. These are pigment spots, but in some cases they may have a red rather than brown tint. They appear as a result of hormonal changes and are most often localized on the face, shoulders, abdomen and in places where the seams of clothing come into close contact with the skin. Spots appear suddenly, literally overnight.

Important. The spots are only an aesthetic defect and do not pose any threat to the condition of the woman and the fetus.

Rashes in a child

Red spots in a child are especially frightening. There can also be many reasons, and they are so diverse that sometimes a serious pathology may not be noticed behind a banal allergy. Possible reasons rashes can be the following conditions:

An allergic reaction – the spots are red and often itchy.

Insect bites – spots are single, may itch, and are sometimes raised above the skin.

Chicken pox - spots appear on the 2-3rd day of the disease, most often localized in armpits and between the fingers.

Measles - rashes in the first days in the form of red spots, then they darken and peeling occurs.

Rubella - the body is covered with small red spots, they last no more than three days.

Scarlet fever - a few hours after the temperature rises, red rashes are observed.

Erythema - characterized by red spots of irregular shape.

Roseola is a viral pathology characterized by the appearance of red spots throughout the body.

Blood pathologies - spots can appear anywhere, without additional symptoms.

Hygiene violations, that is, prickly heat and.

This is the most common reasons. In addition to them, a child of the first year of life, including a newborn, may have red spots indicating nevi. They can be different in saturation, as well as in size. More rarely, telangiectasias are formed - blood vessels visible through thin skin.

Spots are rough or raised

There may also be other spots on the body distinctive characteristics. Thus, the presence of a rough surface is indicative. This may indicate the following deviations:

Allergy, in particular its complex form - eczema. The formation is red, rough, painful when touched.

Nervous stress - spots often appear between the fingers and on the face.

Psoriasis – the spots are always rough and red in color.

Pityriasis rosea - the spots have smooth outlines and are rough.

It may also be that upon closer examination it is noticeable that the red spots rise above the skin. This situation is observed with the formation of nevi, after insect bites, as well as with a severe allergic reaction.

If they appeared after the bath

Another manifestation is red spots that appear after visiting a sauna or taking a bath. They are not dangerous and are explained only by the expansion blood vessels located under the skin. If they disappear without a trace after rest, you don’t have to worry. The reason to consult a doctor is the persistence of spots and the addition of additional symptoms.

Breakout after sex

Spots on the skin after sex also more often indicate changes in blood vessels. They may be spilled, which is often the result of increased blood pressure. If there is no headache and no excessive weakness, there is no need to worry.

It may also turn out that small spots appear, more often on the face and neck. As a rule, this is associated with stress, as a result of which small capillaries rupture, followed by the formation of small bruises.

If appeared after alcohol

As a result of drinking alcohol, red spots often appear on the face and neck. In this case, there are usually only two reasons. The first is the body's reaction to alcohol. Alcohols cause vasodilation, which is manifested by redness of the skin. The second is an allergic reaction. It is accompanied not only by red spots, but also by difficulty breathing, swelling and deterioration of the general condition.

Treatment

Based on the cause of the appearance of red spots, we can conclude whether treatment is necessary. Naturally, redness after a bath or drinking alcohol goes away on its own, if there is no other clinic. In other cases, treatment is determined individually depending on the original disease. This may include taking medicines and the use of external agents. For nevi and telangiectasia, surgery is used.

If red spots of various types appear, you cannot ignore them; you need to urgently consult a doctor so that he can diagnose correct diagnosis and prescribed treatment.

Flawless smooth skin is a great rarity, almost unattainable for modern man ideal. Under these conditions, the presence of small scars, moles, and spots is usually not considered a pathology, although they can often cause serious psychological discomfort.

At the same time, Some types of spots on the skin may be manifestations of diseases, signs of infection, allergic reaction and other problems in the body. Typically, such skin changes are initial stage.

Therefore, if you find an unusual spot, a combination of them, or if the old spot has visually changed, you should think about visiting a doctor to determine the cause of the incident and, if necessary, receive treatment.

Main types of skin spots

In the very general view spots are areas that differ from the surrounding skin in color (lighter or darker). They are usually smooth to the touch, but in some cases there may be a slight protrusion or roughness.

Such skin changes can be divided into three main groups, depending on the causes of appearance and visual characteristics:

• vascular - usually pink, red or purple, are determined by the condition of the blood vessels;
• pigmented - brown or white - arise from a lack or excess of melanin;
• artificial origin - are the result of introduction into the skin coloring matter(tattoos, permanent makeup).

In addition to this classification, there are several more separately considered variants of spots that are symptoms of specific diseases (for example, lichen).

Vascular spots

• Hyperemic (saturated with blood), which can be inflammatory or non-inflammatory in nature.

In the first case, such defects are a consequence inflammatory processes, during which the blood vessels dilate. They can have different sizes - less than 2 cm in diameter (roseola) and more than 2 cm (erythema). The cause of the appearance of non-inflammatory hyperemic defects is the dilation of blood vessels that occurs as a result of various emotional reactions (therefore they are sometimes called spots of anger or shame). Most often located on the face, neck and chest.

• Hemorrhagic. Occur due to hemorrhage in the dermal tissues due to mechanical external influence or, what is much more serious, as a symptom of a number of diseases that in one way or another affect the blood vessels.

If we're talking about about the consequences of injury or bruise (essentially - about simple bruises), then over time they change color from red to yellowish-green, and usually go away on their own within 1-2 weeks. In other cases, much more serious treatment will be required.

Photo 1.2 - purple vascular spots on the leg and red on the face:

Photo 3.4 - bruise on the arm and hemorrhagic rash on the leg:

Photo 5.6 - red telangiectatic spots on the face:

• Telangiectatic spots occur due to persistent or short-term dilation of blood vessels ("telangiectasia" is what is commonly called).

They can be congenital or acquired, there are a lot of reasons - from an incorrect diet, bad habits and external temperature influences up to serious illnesses of cardio-vascular system and gastrointestinal tract (see also article “”).

Dark spots

These characteristic dark or, conversely, bright white areas appear on the skin due to changes in the amount of melanin pigment. There are such spots:

• - occur with a significant increase in pigmentation in a separate area of ​​the skin. They may be congenital ( birthmarks, lentigo) and acquired (freckles,).
• Hypopigmented - appear due to a decrease in the amount of melanin. They can also be congenital and acquired. The latter are usually associated with diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, lichen, leucoderma/vitiligo, etc.

Photo 7.8 - lentingo on the face and congenital age spot on the body:

Photo 9,10 - chloasma and freckles on the face:

Photo 11,12 - hypopigmented spots from vitiligo and psoriasis:

Lichen spots

Ringworm is one of the most common skin diseases that is caused by bacterial or viral nature origin. Accompanied characteristic changes skin surface, sometimes - the appearance of itching and painful sensations. As a rule, it appears against the background general decline immunity. Various types of lichen lead to the appearance different types spots on the skin:

• Zhiber's pityriasis rosea - pink or red clearly defined areas of the dermis that flake and sometimes cause itching, the causative agent is herpes viruses 6 and 7;
• lichen planus - purple spots that can appear not only on the skin, but also on the mucous membranes;
• herpes zoster - red, inflamed spots covered with blisters;
• pityriasis versicolor (pityriasis versicolor) - pale, sometimes slightly flaky areas of the skin;
• ringworm - severely scaly, itchy spots, accompanied by hair loss in the affected area.

Photos 13,14 - spots on the body from lichen planus and on the arm from lichen planus:

Photo 15,16 - herpes zoster and multi-colored lichen on the body:

Red spots on the skin

Probably every person has encountered this problem at least once in their life. Red spots can be caused by the most for various reasons, from harmless to deadly:

• allergic reactions (food, medications, household chemicals, sunlight);
• skin diseases (various types of dermatitis, etc.);
• avitaminosis;
• decreased immunity;
• infectious diseases (chickenpox, measles, scarlet fever);
• sexually transmitted diseases;
• stress.

If changes in the skin are accompanied by fever, sore throat, swelling, peeling, burning, itching and other obvious painful symptoms- it is necessary to contact a dermatologist as soon as possible for diagnosis and, almost certainly, treatment.

Light spots

Treatment of various types of stains

The primary examination of changes in the skin is carried out by a dermatologist. Based appearance spots, its color, size, shape and accompanying manifestations, he prescribes necessary treatment. In some cases it may be necessary additional examination, scrapings of damaged skin areas, consultation with an oncologist or venereologist.

The choice of a specific treatment method depends on the nature of the defect:

• sometimes it is enough to cure the initial disease, the symptom of which is changes in the skin area;
• in the presence of an allergic reaction, the influence of the allergen on the patient’s body should be excluded and appropriate therapy should be prescribed;
• treatment of lichen is a complex process, which usually includes oral and topical medications, special means hygiene and measures to strengthen the general immunity of the body;
• Pigmented areas can be lightened using special drugs external use and a number cosmetic procedures(peelings, mesotherapy, cryotherapy, laser therapy). For more details, see also the articles “”, “”.