Which anthelmintic drug is better. Broad-spectrum anthelmintic drugs. Latest generation anthelmintic drugs: list

Pharmacy medicines against worms are divided into means of a wide and narrow (selectively affecting specific species) spectrum of action. They are completely safe and have a high level of anthelmintic effects.

Treatment of intestinal and extraintestinal helminthic infestations carry out pharmacological drugs several types, divided into groups:

Dekaris

Side effects:

• migraine;
• lack of appetite;
• allergic rash and itching;
• sleep disturbance;
• elevated temperature.

Contraindications:

• up to 3 years of age;
• pregnant women;
• agranulocytosis;
• renal and liver failure.

Nemozol

• lungs;
• liver;
• kidneys;
• heart;
• brain;
• muscle tissues.

Side effects:

• nausea and vomiting;
• pain in the gastrointestinal tract;
• hypertension;
• increased body temperature;
• allergic rashes;
• dizziness;
• migraine;
• liver dysfunction;
• insomnia;
• stomatitis.

The duration of therapy depends on the type of worm, it is prepared by the doctor according to individual plan, taking into account the characteristics of each patient’s body separately.

Contraindications:

• retinal damage;
• children under 2 years of age;
• intolerance to the components of the drug;
• disturbances in liver function;
• low white blood cell count.

Pirantel

Side effects:

• vomit;
• nausea;
• diarrhea;
• dizziness.

Taking the drug provokes paralysis of helminths, facilitating their removal from the body. After 12-14 days, it is recommended to consolidate the treatment - to carry out a repeated preventive course.

Contraindications:

• myasthenia gravis;
• intolerance to components.

Wormil

Side effects:

• stomatitis;
• dry mouth;
• pain in the gastrointestinal tract;
• constipation;
• diarrhea;
• sleep disorder;
• dizziness;
• convulsions;
• decreased concentration of vision;
• allergy;
• leukopenia.

Contraindications:

• pregnancy planning;
• age up to 2 years;
• people intolerant to albendazole.

Vermox

Side effects:

• disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract;
• allergic rash;
• migraine;
• decrease in hemoglobin level.

Contraindications:

• Crohn's disease;
• ulcer;
• pregnancy;
• disturbances in liver function;
• ulcerative colitis.

Piperazine

Side effects:

• nausea;
• dizziness;
• tremor of the limbs.

The daily dose for adults is no more than 4 g. Take 1 hour before meals or after meals - no earlier than 30 minutes later. The duration of treatment for those infected with roundworms is 1-2 days, for pinworms - up to 5 days.

Contraindications:

• CNS diseases;
• nephritis;
• individual immunity.

Zentel

Side effects:

• allergies;
• migraine;
• nausea;
• vomiting reflex;
• diarrhea;
• affects the level of liver enzymes;
• temperature increase.

Contraindications:

• children under 2 years old;
• pregnancy and its planning;
• breast-feeding.

Aldazole

Side effects:

• allergy;
• disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract;
• dryness in oral cavity;
• pain in bone tissue;
• renal failure.

For echinococcosis and taeniasis, treatment is long-term and can range from 3 days to 1 month. The calculation of the daily dose and the course of administration are prescribed by the doctor.

Contraindications:

Deworming is carried out at home. Collateral successful treatment are correct selection and calculation of the drug, adherence to the doctor’s recommendations for treatment, adherence to hygiene rules, prophylactic appointment medications by all family members. Anthelmintic medications should not be taken if:

• intestinal disorders;
• viral infections;
• pregnancy;
• breastfeeding.

Self-medication and unnecessary use of medications can cause harm to health and aggravate the course of the disease. Drugs that have a detrimental effect on helminths are considered highly toxic; they are taken after tests and consultation with a doctor.

IN complex treatment after getting rid of helminths, they take general strengthening vitamins, immune stimulants, hepatoprotectors, bile secretion stimulants, and drugs that improve gastrointestinal motility.

When consumed raw water, insufficiently boiled or fried meat and fish, unwashed berries, fruits and vegetables, as well as non-compliance with personal hygiene rules, a person runs the risk of becoming infected with helminths. The pharmaceutical industry produces anthelmintic drugs for people in wide range In addition, you can use products based on herbal raw materials or use folk recipes.

The most effective anthelmintic drugs

Contraindications to taking anthelmintics

• The period of pregnancy and breastfeeding.
• Individual intolerance to the components of the drug.
• The presence of a viral or infectious disease in a person.
• Liver or kidney failure.

Anti-worm medications are given to children under 3 years of age with caution.

The most popular anthelmintic drugs

• Wormil and Nemozol (albendazole). For necatoriasis, taeniasis, hookworm, hypenolepiosis and ascariasis - 1 tablet per day, for a course of three days. For mixed infestations - 1 tablet in the mornings and evenings for 3 days. The medicine is taken with meals, chewed well and washed down with water.
• Vermox (mebendazole). For enterobiasis, a one-time dose of one tablet is sufficient; for taeniasis, trichuriasis, mixed helminthiasis, ascariasis - 1 pill twice a day, for a course of three days. When - in the first three days - 2 - 4 tablets, then - on the 19th day of treatment inclusive - 4 - 5 tablets three times a day.
• Pyrantel and Helmintox (Pyrantel). The most effective anthelmintic for humans - it destroys mature individuals and larvae. For hookworm disease, necatoriasis, enterobiasis, ascariasis, the drug is used once a day in the following dosage: for children from six months to 2 years old - given 2.5 ml of suspension or 125 mg in tablet form, from 2 to 6 years old – 5 ml or 250 mg, from 6 to 12 years – 10 ml or 500 mg, adolescents and adults – 15 ml or 750 mg. The tablets should be chewed.
• Decaris (levamisole). Prescribed for the presence of hookworms, whipworms, pinworms, roundworms, and intestinal acne in the body. The medicine is taken once in the evening before bedtime: children from 3 to 6 years old - 50 mg, from 6 to 10 years old - 75 mg, from 10 to 14 years old - 100 mg, adults - 150 mg each.
• Albendazole. For enterobiasis, ascariasis, hookworm - 200 mg of the drug is prescribed for children, 400 mg for adults, a course of 1 day; for giardiasis, the dosage is the same, but the course of treatment lasts three days. For cysticercosis, children take 15 mg per 1 kg of weight, adults – 800 mg per day, for a course of 8 to 30 days.

When taking anthelmintics for people, the following may occur: side effects: complaints of nausea, headaches, dizziness, epigastric pain, general weakness, diarrhea, fever, insomnia, allergies (most often skin rashes), vomiting, confusion.

Herbal anthelmintics

Increasingly, for the treatment of worms in children and adults, natural remedies, since their effect is milder, and there are almost no side effects or contraindications. Anthelmintic for humans, made from plant materials, is used not only for therapeutic, but also for preventive purposes.

The most popular herbal preparations

• . The drug not only gets rid of helminthic infestation, but also eliminates inflammatory processes in the body, promotes tissue regeneration, activates the immune system, normalizes metabolism, work internal organs and gastrointestinal tract, eliminates allergies, removes toxins. Dosage: for children from 1 year to 5 years - 2 - 3 drops twice a day (course of 10 days), for children from 6 to 12 years - 3 - 5 drops in the mornings and evenings (for 20 days), for adults – 6 – 10 drops 2 times a day (course – month). Drops are dissolved in a quarter glass warm water and drink half an hour before meals.
• . Anthelmintic drug for humans, showing activity against helminths, fungi, protozoa, bacteria, mites and viruses. In addition, Sanaris helps remove toxins, neutralizes allergic reactions, exhibits immunomodulatory properties. The product is prescribed for children 2 - 3 years old, 1 capsule every other day, at the age of 3 - 6 years - 1 capsule daily, children 6 - 10 years old - 1 capsule twice a day, adolescents 10 - 14 years old - 1 capsule three times a day , people over 14 years old – 2 capsules three times a day. Sanaris is consumed half an hour before meals. The course of treatment is 3 weeks, then a break of 7 days and the course is repeated again.
• Intoxic. The drug blocks the vital activity of helminths, breaks down and neutralizes the eggs and larvae of worms, removes them from the body, has an anti-inflammatory effect, actively fights fungi, bacteria and viruses, and helps the body recover faster from helminthic infestation. Children 3 - 6 years old are given 5 drops per 100 g of water three times a day 30 minutes before meals, for a course of 2 weeks, children 6 - 12 years old - 10 drops per 100 g of water twice a day for 20 days, over 12 years old – 10 drops in the mornings and evenings, the course of treatment is a month.

Despite the fact that natural anthelmintics for humans are considered as safe as possible, they still contain elecampane, wormwood and tansy, which are poisonous. That's why herbal remedies Not prescribed for small children, pregnant and breastfeeding women.

Folk anthelmintics for humans

• A sweet aromatic remedy for children and adults that works well against helminths. In 1 liter of water, stir ½ cup of sugar and 1 cup of honey, add 2 teaspoons of chopped ginger, cinnamon and cloves, hibiscus. The composition is placed on low heat and as soon as the liquid boils, the container is removed and the product is ready for use. Starting from 1.5 years, children can be given ½ tablespoon of sbiten, diluted in 0.5 glasses of warm water, twice a day on an empty stomach.
• Pumpkin seeds. Two glasses of peeled, raw, dried seeds that have retained their green shell are eaten in the morning on an empty stomach. After this, you cannot eat or drink for 4 hours, and then take a laxative.
• Troychatka. There are two recipes anthelmintics for a person. The first includes crushed dry wormwood and tansy flowers, cloves in a ratio of 1:4:2, the components are mixed and the powder is consumed 1 teaspoon per day, washed down big amount water. The second composition is cumin, calamus root and calendula - here the first two ingredients are taken 500 mg per day, the last - 1 g - each drug three times a day.

Whatever anthelmintic is chosen for a person, before starting treatment, the body should be prepared - 3 to 7 days before the start of therapy, meat and dairy products, spices, fatty and sweet foods are removed from the menu.

Modern anthelmintic drugs are used to treat people who are sick in different forms helminthiasis . All applicable anthelmintic drugs for humans are divided into drugs for helminths wide range actions and preparations for worms that selectively affect certain types of worms.

But truly effective pharmaceutical anthelmintic drugs appeared relatively recently, and previously they were mainly used plant origin, such as garlic, pumpkin seeds, male fern extract, etc.

But now there are truly effective and safe anthelmintics , which demonstrate antihelminthic activity.

How are nematodes or roundworms treated?

If infection with extraintestinal nematoses occurs, treatment of helminths in adults and children is carried out the following drugs:

• (Diethylcarbamazine);
• (Ivermectin).

The list of helminths belonging to this class is very wide: these are fascioliasis (liver fluke), opisthorchos (cat fluke) clonorchiasis (Chinese fluke), Watsoniasis (liver fluke), paraganimosis (pulmonary fluke), cercariasis (swimmer's itch). Also included in this group are methorchiasis , G etherophyosis, nanophyetosis, gastrodiscoidosis, fasciolopsidosis, schistosomiasis and etc.

The following tablets are effective against all the types listed above:

• Bithionol , effective against extraintestinal trematodes.
• Perchlorethylene used for intestinal trematodes.
• Tsesol , Biltricide , Azinox , Cysticide (active ingredient Praziquantel) are broad-spectrum drugs that act against different types worms.

If one of the family members was infected with pinworms, then preventive methods necessary for everyone. The level of pinworm infection among preschool children and primary schoolchildren is very high. Worm eggs spread very quickly - this happens through household objects, a handshake, the clothes of infected children, etc. Therefore, prophylactic use medications for adults and children, questions arise very often.

However, there are other opinions. Some experts argue that people whose families have small children and junior schoolchildren, it’s worth taking every six months for prevention. After all, in children's groups high level infection, and the symptoms of infection are sometimes very mild.

In addition, a child is only able to maintain proper hygiene around the age of 6, so children can constantly become self-infected, just like other family members.

If received negative result when scraping for enetrobiosis, but the baby still complains of itching in the anus, abdominal pain, nausea, then it is better to take the child for analysis that morning when he slept poorly at night, he was bothered severe itching. You should scrape again three times, after one day and after two weeks, then you can get a more reliable result.

If future mom I have become infected with pinworms, there is no need to worry about this. Provided that the woman strictly follows the rules of hygiene, self-healing can occur. After all, the life span of pinworms is short - a few weeks. Therefore, you need to steam your underwear and wash more often to avoid reinfestation. To prevent infection or re-infestation, you should wash your hands very thoroughly with soap and water:

• after visiting the toilet;
• after changing linen;
• after contact with animals;
• before eating.

You should also be sure to wash all fruits and vegetables.

The most effective anti-worm tablets for humans

Be guided only by the fact that user reviews on the forum indicate that this or that drug is good pills against worms, under no circumstances. You should not buy medications knowing only the name of tablets for worms in adults and children.

Active ingredient – Levamisole .

Indications: for roundworms, pinworms, necator, hookworm, whipworm, intestinal eelworm, toxoplasmosis, trichostrongylosis.

Contraindicated in children under 3 years of age, with agranulocytosis. 150 mg tablets should not be used to treat children. Decaris should be used with caution by people who suffer and liver failure , as well as patients with suppressed bone marrow hematopoiesis.

Instructions: adults are advised to take one 150 mg tablet once, after meals, at evening time. Children from 3 to 6 years old – 25-50 mg once. Children from 6 to 10 years old – 50-75 mg once. Children from 10 to 14 years old - 75-100 mg once.

The course is repeated after 2 weeks. Diet or laxatives are not necessary. Side effects: after use, possible abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, allergic manifestations, confusion, stomatitis, etc.

Price – from 80 rub.

Helmintox, Pyrantel, Kombantrin, Nemotsid

Active ingredient – pyrantel.

Contraindicated for hypersensitivity, tablets are prescribed with caution to children who have not yet turned six months old, nursing mothers, and people with liver failure.

Description of instructions: for adults in case of ascariasis, pinworm infection or mixed infestation, a single application in the morning, after breakfast, is sufficient. The dose is taken at the rate of 10 mg/kg. Children from six months to 2 years old are recommended to take 125 mg, children from 2 to 6 years old - 250 mg, from 6 to 12 years old - 500 mg.

If a patient is diagnosed with mixed invasion, then the drug must be taken for 3 days at a rate of 10 mg/kg per day, or for two days at a rate of 20 mg/kg per day. If isolated ascariasis is noted, you need to drink the drug once at a rate of 5 mg/kg. It should be noted that Pirantel are chewable tablets, so they should not be swallowed, but chewed.

Side effects: after administration, vomiting, nausea, , hyperthermia, paresthesia, etc.

You can buy Helmintox at a price of 80 rubles, Pirantel - from 50 rubles.

Vermox, Wormin, Vermakar

Active ingredient – mebendazole .

A medicine for worms for humans with this component is indicated for enterobiasis, ascariasis, multiple nematodes, strongyloidiasis, capillariasis, hookworm disease, trichinosis, echinococcosis, taeniasis, alveococcosis, gnathostomiasis, trichuriasis.

This effective medicines against worms in adults and children, each of which is especially good for infection with pinworms and roundworms.

You should not take these tablets during pregnancy and breastfeeding, with ulcerative colitis, liver failure, Crohn's disease, and do not prescribe medications to children who are under 2 years of age.

Method and regimen of use: Vermakar, Vormin, Vermox suspension or tablets are washed down a small amount liquids. To recover from enterobiasis, children from 2 to 10 years old should drink 25-50 mg of the drug once, adults - 100 mg. You need to take the product again after 2-4 weeks.

If a patient is diagnosed with strongyloidiasis, taeniasis, trichuriasis, hookworm, ascariasis or mixed helminthiasis, deworming is carried out as follows: for 3 days, take 100 mg twice a day.

In the case of trichinosis - 200-400 mg three times a day, then, from 4 to 10 days - 400-500 mg three times a day.

When infected with echinococcosis, take 500 mg three times a day for 3 days, then the dose should be increased to 25-30 mg per 1 kg of weight.

May appear side effects in the form of dizziness, nausea, abdominal pain. If the product is used for a long time, vomiting is possible, headache, anemia, eosinophilia, leukopenia, cylindruria, etc.

The cost of Wormin is from 140 rubles, Vermox – from 100 rubles.

Vormil, Nemozol, Aldazole, Gelmodol-VM, Albendazole, Gelmizole

Active ingredient – albendazole .

These anthelmintics are indicated for nematodes, toxocariasis, strongyloidiasis, echinococcosis of the liver, lungs, peritoneum, if the causative agent is the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus, as well as for giardiasis and other protozoa, mixed invasions, neurocysticercosis, if the causative agent is the larval form of Taenia solium.

Contraindicated in pregnancy, hypersensitivity, retinal damage, and for children under 2 years of age. Caution should be taken during breastfeeding if hematopoiesis or liver function is impaired.

Directions for use: Nemozol, Gelmodol-VM, Vormil should be taken during meals.

Nemozol for nemazodes is taken once: treatment of helminthiasis in adults involves taking 400 mg of the drug, children over 2 years old - 20 ml in the form of a suspension.

If the patient is infected with echinococcosis or neurocysticercosis, adults weighing more than 60 kg should drink 400 mg twice a day, if weighing less than 60 kg - 15 mg/kg/weight twice a day. The course of therapy for neurocysticercosis ranges from 8 to 30 days, the course of therapy for echinococcosis is three courses of 28 days, with breaks between courses of 2 weeks.

If Nemozol is prescribed to children for giardiasis, then a dose of 10-15 mg/kg should be used once a day for a week.

If a child has toxocariasis, then patients under 14 years of age are prescribed tablets twice a day, 10 mg/kg. Adults weighing up to 60 kg receive 200 mg of the drug twice a day; if the weight is more than 60 kg, then the patient receives 400 mg 2 times a day. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks.

Nemozol costs from 175 rubles in pharmacies. Aldazole – from 100 rub.

Worms that are common in Russia

In addition to the drugs described above, there are other anthelmintics and funds. Means Ivermectin - These are broad-spectrum deworming tablets for people. However, Ivermectin is most effective in treating infections caused by roundworms. Also used in veterinary medicine.

Metrifonat used in the treatment of genitourinary schistosomiasis.

A drug Medamin , containing the active component Carbendacim, is an anthelmintic agent active against intestinal nematodes. Medamin is used if a person has trichuriasis, ascariasis, hookworm disease, enterobiasis, necatoriasis. What side effects does this drug cause? Allergic manifestations, weakness, nausea are possible.

Ditrazine (Ditrazine citrate) is used to treat filariasis, a disease caused by filarial worms. It works for ascariasis, but is less effective than other drugs.

Sometimes it is necessary to use additional funds local action. For example, cream Dermokas used for dermatoses, if complications caused by suspected secondary infection. Dermokas is also used for fungal skin diseases.

Homeopathic remedy Antihelmin taken sublingually for 1-2 months.

Capsules Antihelmos include eucalyptus leaves, yarrow grass, and cloves.

Body cleanser – biological additive, which, however, also cannot be used without the approval of a doctor.

Thus, despite the abundance of remedies, a doctor should explain how to get rid of worms in adults and children by prescribing correct scheme treatment, taking into account the compatibility of drugs.

For those who are trying to find the best remedy against worms in adults and children, you should know that in some cases treatment at home with folk remedies also helps. The doctor will recommend what exactly you need to take and how to treat it. But the main ones folk remedies well known: pumpkin seeds, garlic, onion, cloves.

Sometimes the answer to the question of how to get rid of helminths at home is simple: eat as many pumpkin seeds as possible. However, there are different recipes. For example, add honey and soda to ground pumpkin seeds: for 1 cup of seeds - 1 cup of honey and 1 tsp. soda The product is infused for 10 days and consumed 1 tsp. in the morning before meals.

Some sources claim that by regularly consuming pumpkin seeds, you can get rid of tapeworm at home. To get rid of tapeworm, you need to eat two tablespoons of pumpkin seeds every morning, and an hour later drink a good laxative. How long to practice this treatment depends on the body. But it is better to first consult with a specialist.

How to fight worms at home using onions? For this they prepare onion infusion by cutting a medium onion and filling it with warm boiled water for the night. In the morning you need to strain and drink the liquid on an empty stomach.

For treatment to be effective, it must be carried out according to the regimen prescribed by the doctor, and then follow all the rules of prevention.

Exists great amount varieties of worms, you can become infected with them without even leaving your home. Helminths do not have their own digestive system, therefore they enter the human body and receive nutrition from it. All this negatively affects the health of adults and children. At timely diagnosis the problem can be dealt with in short term with the help of antihelminthic medications. Surgical intervention require:

Helminthiasis is accompanied by symptoms, when they appear, you should consult a doctor:

• intestinal disorders;
• chronic fatigue;
• allergic reactions;
• weight loss;
• headache;
• sleep disturbance;
• nausea;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• stomach ache;
• loss of appetite;
• bad smell from mouth;
• discomfort, itching in the area anus;
• swelling lower limbs;
• grinding of teeth;
• yellowing of mucous membranes and skin.

• type of pathogen - according to test results;
• person's age;
• body mass;
• medication tolerance;
• premorbid background - the state of health before the onset of the disease.

Indications for use

Medicines against worms in humans are prescribed by a doctor in accordance with the diagnosis made during tests. At in serious condition, requiring urgent treatment Before receiving the results, anthelmintic medications with a wide range of effects are prescribed. Indications for the use of anthelmintic drugs for humans depend on the type of helminthiasis:

• ascariasis – Piperazine, Pyrantel, Levamisole;
• enterobiasis – Pyrvinia pamoate, Naftamon, Mebendazole;
• Strongyloidiasis – Levamisole, Thiabendazole.

It is better if the medicine for worms for humans acts on a specific pathogen. The list of medications depending on the diagnosis includes:

• trichocephalosis, hookworm disease - Thiabendazole, Naftamon, Mebendazole;
• necatoriasis – Pyrantel;
• taeniasis, hymenolepiasis, diphyllobothriasis - Niclosamide, Aminoacriquin, Praziquantel;
• filariasis – Ditrazine citrate;
• schistomatosis - Praziquantel.

Mechanism of action

According to the mechanism of action, the types of antihelminthic drugs and the human diseases that they cure are distinguished:

Classification of anthelmintic drugs

There are two more groups of anthelmintic drugs for human treatment:

• Antinematodes - counteract roundworms that live in the human intestine - whipworms, pinworms, trichinella, toxocara, roundworms.
• Antitrematodoses - used to exterminate small flat helminths occupying the liver, gallbladder. The worms are equipped with suckers and have another name - flukes; they also include schistosomes and flukes.

Medicines of this group began to be used in veterinary medicine, then adapted to humans. They are not recommended for use in the presence of a viral or bacterial infection. Anthelmintic drugs with a wide range of effects have a toxic effect on humans. They are partially metabolized in the kidneys and liver, but the greatest danger is represented by the breakdown products of worms. To avoid poisoning, doctors simultaneously prescribe the following sorbents:

• Enterosgel;
• Polysorb;
• Smecta.

• Sanoxal;
• Vermakar;
• Vermox;
• Zentel;
• Nemozol;
• Albendazole;
• Ivomek;
• Mebex;
• Mebendazole.

Medicines for nematodes

Medicines in this group are used to destroy roundworms that have muscles. Under the influence of anthelmintics, muscle paralysis occurs in nematodes living in the intestines and extraintestinal species. The drugs are characterized by low toxicity and high treatment effectiveness. Helminths of this group include:

• toxocara;
• whipworms;
• trichinella;
• roundworms;
• pinworms.

• Levamisole;
• Albendazole;
• Pyrantel pamoate;
• Pyrvinium embonate;
• Piperazine adipate;
• Pyrivinium;
• Mademin;
• Piperazine;
• Mebex;
• Wormil.

• Diethylcarbamazine;
• Ditrazine citrate;
• Ivermectin;
• Ditrazine phosphate;
• Baymek;
• Ivomek;
• Ditrazine.

Tablets against helminths of flukes and trematodes

• Watsoniasis – liver fluke;
• dicroceliosis - lanceolate fluke;
• paragonimiasis – pulmonary fluke;
• opisthorchiasis – cat fluke;
• fascioliasis - liver fluke;
• clonorchiasis - Chinese fluke;
• schistosomiasis - schistosomes.

The action of medications is aimed at somatic cells digenetic flukes. There is a disruption in the polymerization of tubulin tubes, causing problems energy exchange, which provokes the loss of the cell cytoskeleton's ability to adapt. The products are highly toxic and cause severe side effects:

• pain in the heart, liver;
• arrhythmia;
• allergic reactions;
• anaphylactic shock;
• the appearance of protein in the urine;
• angioedema;
• cardiogenic pain.

Among the known helminthic infestations caused by trematodes are the following diseases: eurythremosis, fasciolopsidosis, nanophyetosis, and metorchiasis. Big trouble Helminth infections are caused by: metagonimiasis, heterophyosis, gastrodiscoidosis, cercariasis - swimmer's itch. Antihelminthic drugs for a person infected with trematodes:

• Azinox;
• Praziquantel;
• Perchlorethylene;
• Chloxyl;
• Cestox;
• Biltricide;
• Cesol;
• Bithionol;
• Cysticide.

Medicine for tapeworms in humans (cestodes)

Helminths form cysts from larvae on human organs - liver, lungs, and form tumor-like formations. Cestodes cause helminthic infestations associated with specific pathogen:

• taeniasis, taeniasis, cysticercosis – pork tapeworm;
• diphyllobothriasis – wide tapeworm;
• teniarinhoz – bull tapeworm;
• echinococcosis - echinococcus;
• hymenolepiasis – dwarf tapeworm;
• coenurosis - sheep brainwort;
• alveococcosis - alveococcus;
• dipylidiasis – cucumber tapeworm;
• sparganosis - tapeworm sparganum.

Under the influence of anticestodal drugs flatworms separated from the attachment site and digested with food. During treatment, doctors do not advise using laxatives so that the body does not tear away from the head. Frequently prescribed drugs:

• Albendazole;
• Nemozol;
• Phenesal;
• Divermin;
• Mepacrine;
• Wormil;
• Sanoxal;
• Zentel;
• Aldazole;
• Niclosamide;
• Gelmadol.

The most effective deworming tablets

Doctors prescribe medications for helminthiasis that destroy specific worms. For the treatment of tapeworms and flukes, trematodes, antihelminthic drugs for humans are used:

Pirantel

• trichocephalosis;
• necatoriasis;
• hookworm disease;
• enterobiasis;
• ascariasis.

The anthelmintic for humans is characterized by high effectiveness and low toxicity. The drug Pirantel has:

• use with a dosage prescribed by a doctor in accordance with the type of invasion, the patient’s weight and age;
• poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract;
• contraindications – children under six months, liver failure, sensitivity to the composition, pregnancy, breastfeeding;
• side effects - abdominal cramps, skin rashes, increased fatigue, dizziness, sleep problems, increased levels of liver enzymes.

Helminthox

• trichocephalosis;
• necatoria;
• hookworm;
• enterobiasis;
• ascariasis.

If one of the family members is ill, it is necessary to deworm the rest. The drug Helmintox is characterized by:

• dosage - depends on body weight, age of the patient, determined by the attending physician;
• contraindications – hypersensitivity to components, liver, kidney failure, myasthenia gravis, breastfeeding;
• special requirements - during pregnancy, children under six months, prescribed with caution only for health reasons;
• side effects - hearing loss, loss of appetite, insomnia, vomiting, urticaria, diarrhea, epigastric pain.

Dekaris

• trichostrongylosis;
• strongyloidiasis;
• toxoplasmosis;
• necatoria;
• hookworm;
• trichocephalosis;
• enterobiasis;
• ascariasis.

The drug Dekaris, in addition to its anthelmintic effect, has an immunomodulatory effect. There is an activation of blood cells responsible for immune protection. The medicine is distinguished by:

• dosage – determined individually, taking into account the patient’s age and weight;
• contraindications – children under three years of age, pregnancy, sensitivity to components, lactation period, agranulocytosis.

When treating with Decaris, medical supervision is necessary in patients with renal, liver failure, or problems with bone marrow hematopoiesis. Antihelminthic medication for humans has toxic effect, has side effects:

• allergic reactions;
• insomnia;
• confusion;
• uterine bleeding;
• dizziness;
• vomit;
• stomach ache;
• temperature increase.

Vermox

• mixed helminthic infestations;
• taeniasis;
• trichocephalosis;
• hookworm;
• ascariasis;
• enterobiasis;
• gasterodiscoidosis;
• heterophyosis;
• echinococcosis;
• metagonimiasis;
• nanophyetosis.

The antihelminthic agent Vermox is not absorbed into the blood and is excreted from the body in urine and feces. According to the instructions, the medicine has:

• release form - tablets, suspension;
• prescription of dosage and course of therapy by a doctor taking into account the diagnosis;
• contraindications – sensitivity to the composition, ulcerative colitis, pregnancy, Crohn's disease, liver failure;
• side effects - allergies, abdominal pain, dizziness, vomiting and diarrhea, hematuria, cylindruria, leukopenia, anemia are not excluded;
• special instructions– monitoring of liver tests is necessary – increased values ​​are possible.

Albendazole

• Giardia;
• microsporidia;
• eel intestinalis;
• pinworm;
• hookworm;
• toxocara;
• whipworm;
• roundworm

The drug is available in the form of tablets and suspension. Albendazole is characterized by:

• dosage - determined by the doctor taking into account the body weight of the patient and the pathogen, the maximum daily dose is 800 mg;
• contraindications – liver disease, pregnancy, retinal pathologies, allergy to albendazole, inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis, lactation;
• side effects - increased blood pressure, intracranial pressure, skin rashes, kidney failure, fever, dizziness, abdominal pain;
• long-term consequences– erythema, anemia, hepatitis.

Wormil

The drug against human helminths is available in three forms - chewable tablets, powder for solution, suspension, active substance albendazole. Vormil is used for intestinal and extraintestinal types of helminthiasis. Indications for use:

• clonorchiasis;
• ascariasis;
• trichinosis;
• necatoriasis;
• children's giardiasis;
• gnathostomiasis;
• teniarinhoz;
• strongyloidiasis;
• hymenolepiasis;
• hookworm;
• enterobiasis.

The anthelmintic drug Vormil has the following features:

• The dosage and course of deworming are determined by the doctor in accordance with the diagnosis, age of the patient, and body weight.
• Side effects - diarrhea, constipation, nausea, signs of allergies - itching, urticaria. From the outside nervous system– dizziness, confusion, hallucinations.
• Contraindications – breastfeeding, sensitivity to components, pregnancy, age under two years.
• Analogues of the drug - Pharmox, Medizol, Aldazol.

Nemozol

• mixed invasions;
• nematodes - strongyloidiasis, giardiasis, trichinosis, hookworm disease, enterobiasis, trichocephalosis, ascariasis, toxocariasis;
• tissue cestodes – echinococcosis of the peritoneum, lungs, liver, neurocysticercosis.

The course of treatment and dosage are prescribed by the doctor, taking into account the diagnosis, the patient’s age and weight. Nemozol, according to the instructions, is characterized by:

• release form – tablets for oral administration;
• Features of application – treatment of all family members is necessary;
• contraindications – children under three years of age, pregnancy, hematopoietic disorders, liver function, retinal damage, lactation period, hypersensitivity to the composition;
• side effects - increased blood pressure and hyperthermia, vomiting, allergies, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis, angioedema.

Remedies against worms in humans - features of use

To get rid of helminthic infestation, you must strictly follow all doctor’s prescriptions. For the effectiveness of anthelmintic therapy, the specifics of drug use are taken into account. The patient needs:

The period of waiting for a child can be overshadowed by the appearance of helminths. Most drugs are so toxic that they cause more harm than the worms themselves. Treatment of pregnant women is carried out only under medical supervision. Important points:

• in the first trimester all antihelminthic drugs are contraindicated;
• The approved drugs for the remaining time include Piperazine, but it only counteracts roundworms and pinworms;
• tansy decoction during pregnancy negatively affects the tone of the uterus;
• allows the use of crushed pumpkin seed.

Following simple rules will help a pregnant woman prevent the appearance of helminths and cope with pinworms that have life cycle in one week. To do this you will need:

• maintain personal hygiene;
• wash your hands after using the toilet, before eating, after contact with pets;
• steam underwear;
• wash vegetables and fruits with a brush, rinse them with boiled water.

In childhood

• Pyrantel – nematodes, pinworms, roundworms;
• Helminthox – roundworms;
• Nemozol – mixed forms helminthiasis.
• Vermox – tapeworms, roundworms.

There has been a long debate among doctors about the need to take measures to prevent helminthic infestations. The opinions of experts differ radically. One point of view:

• prophylaxis is not needed due to the high toxicity of drugs;
• infection can occur at any time, for example, after taking medications;
• The development of helminthiasis should be prevented only when positive results analyses.

It is better for the patient to listen to doctors who monitor the health of adults and children in the family and know their medical history. There are also opinions about the need for prevention with the help of anthelmintic drugs for humans:

When a family has small children and animals, there is a high probability of helminth infection. It is necessary to carry out prevention using home methods:

• wash your hands after walking, visiting the toilet and before eating;
• change underwear daily;
• observe intimate hygiene;
• eat thermally processed meat;
• drink boiled water;
• don't eat raw dried fish;
• wash vegetables and fruits before eating;
• maintain hygiene when interacting with animals;
• stick to a diet;
• eat raw pumpkin seed;
• do not swim in questionable bodies of water;
• have red pepper, fresh garlic, and onion in your diet.

Indications for use

Doctors believe that in some cases the prevention of helminth infection is necessary. Antihelminthics for humans can be used to prevent infections. The indications are:

• illness of one family member - for the purpose of prevention it is necessary to deworm everyone;
• frequent contact with the ground in children and adults;
• work in agriculture;
• presence of pets;
• children living in closed groups;
• trips to exotic countries;
• hobbies related to nature - tourism, hunting, fishing;
• sports hobbies – football, beach volleyball.

Video

Anthelmintic drugs

Albendazole

Active substance: albendazole.

Contraindications: allergic reaction (not only to albendazole, but also to other representatives of its chemical group– benzimidazole derivatives; these also include mebendazole), pregnancy and breastfeeding, diseases of the retina (detachment, diabetic retinopathy etc.).

Side effects: possible from the nervous system, digestive organs, excretory system, blood. The gastrointestinal tract most often reacts to taking the drug - nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are possible. Sometimes there is an increase in the level of liver enzymes in the blood - alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase. Changes in the nervous system sometimes include headache, dizziness, and symptoms of irritation. soft shell brain (meningeal). On the blood side, the level of leukocytes, platelets and red blood cells decreases. Renal failure rarely develops. In addition to the listed side effects, various allergic reactions, increased body temperature, arterial hypertension. In isolated cases, hair loss may occur, which stops after taking the drug.

Mode of application: The drug is taken orally during or after meals with a sufficient amount of water. Chewable tablets chewed. The dosage of the drug is selected taking into account the patient’s weight.

For children over 2 years of age and adult patients, the dosages are different. For infestation by pork tapeworm larvae and echinococcus, take 400 mg of the drug twice a day, provided that the patient weighs more than 60 kg. IN otherwise the amount of the drug is calculated by weight - 15 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day. Cysticercosis according to this scheme is treated for up to 1 month, and in case of infection with echinococci, 3 courses of treatment are carried out for 4 weeks, with a break between them of 2 weeks.

Infection roundworms(roundworms, pinworms, whipworm and crooked head) are treated by taking 400 mg of the drug at a time. If after 3 weeks helminth eggs are found in the stool, the drug is repeated. Infestation by nematodes and cestodes is treated by taking albendazole for 3 days, the daily dose of the drug is calculated depending on the patient’s weight - more or less 60 kg. If necessary, after 3 weeks the drug is repeated according to the same regimen.

When treating giardiasis, it is necessary to take 400 mg of albendazole per day for 3 days or 15 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day for a week. The frequency of administration is 2 times a day.

Release form: tablets (uncoated, coated, chewable) 400 mg per package, oral suspension - 10 ml (400 mg) per bottle.

Special instructions: Albendazole is a drug that is poorly absorbed in the intestine. Therefore, in case of illness digestive tract in which the absorption function of the intestine is affected (colitis, enterocolitis, recent intestinal infections), an increase in the dose of the drug may be required. Treatment of helminthiases is almost always accompanied by following a special diet and taking medications that accelerate intestinal motility (laxatives). When treated with albendazole, these additional measures Not needed. It is better to undergo the course of treatment with the whole family, since the disease is contagious and can occur in a latent form. Since the drug has some toxic effects, it should be prescribed with caution to people with liver dysfunction (liver failure of any origin, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis).

In these cases, patients should be monitored during treatment and the levels of liver and blood enzymes should be regularly assessed. Caution in prescribing the drug is also required for patients who have suppressed hematopoiesis (diseases of the red bone marrow, consequences of poisoning, radiation sickness etc.).

Levamisole

Active substance: levamisole

Indications: Levamisole can be used either as an anti-helminthic drug or as an immune booster. In the first case, it is used for ascariasis, strongyloidiasis, hookworm disease, in the second - for various infectious and non-communicable diseases. Levamisole has shown its effectiveness against frequently recurring herpes, herpes zoster, viral hepatitis B. It can be used when rheumatic diseases– systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis. Sometimes it is used as aid after the main treatment of cancer of various localizations.

Contraindications: allergic reactions, hematopoietic disorders currently or in the past.

Side effects: possible reaction from organs gastrointestinal tract(nausea, vomiting, stool disorders, loss of appetite, inflammation of the oral mucosa), nervous system (insomnia, mood changes, taste perversion). Rarely, muscle pain, skin rashes, and a decrease in the number of leukocytes and platelets in the blood occur. When starting to take the drug, it is unlikely, but it is possible to experience weakness and increased body temperature, which can be mistaken for an acute respiratory infection.

Mode of application: for the treatment of helminthiasis in adults, the drug is taken orally at a dose of 150 mg 1 time, preferably in the afternoon. For children, the dose is calculated by weight: 2.5 mg per 1 kg of body weight. The medicine is also taken once.

If the drug is used as a means to support immunity, the recommended dose is 150 mg 1 time or 50 mg for 3 days. Repetition of the drug - once every 14 days.

Release form: tablets of 50 and 150 mg - 2 pieces per package.

Special instructions: Alcohol intake is contraindicated during treatment with levamisole. In pregnant women, the drug is used only when particularly necessary, on the recommendation of a doctor. Patients with hematopoietic disorders, liver and kidney diseases, disorders cerebral circulation, require careful medical supervision for the period of taking the medicine.

Mebendazole

Active substance: mebendazole.

Indications: You can use the drug when infected with one or more types of helminths.

Effective for any helminthic diseases. The drug has demonstrated particular effectiveness against pinworm and whipworm infections.

Contraindications: the drug is poorly absorbed, however, in case of liver dysfunction, the use of mebendazole is contraindicated. In addition, the drug is not used in children under 2 years of age or in cases of allergic reactions to it.

Side effects: similar to those of albendazole. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and loose stools may occur. Rarely healthy people When taking mebendazole, complaints from the liver appear - pain and a feeling of fullness in the right hypochondrium, impaired excretion of bile, an increase in the level of liver enzymes in the blood, which very rarely develops drug-induced hepatitis. Other side effects include headache, decreased blood cell levels (with long courses of treatment), various manifestations of allergies, changes in urine (appearance of casts, red blood cells).

Mode of application: inside. When infected with pinworms, for children under 10 years of age, the dose of the drug is 25–50 mg and is taken once. If there is danger reinfection(for example, a child is in a crowded group where several people are sick - a group kindergarten, school class), after 2 weeks or a month it is recommended to take the medicine again in the same amount. For the same disease in children over 10 years of age and adults, 100 mg of the drug is required once. Treatment of enterobiasis should be carried out by the whole family at the same time.

Trichinosis is treated by taking 200-400 mg of the drug in the morning, afternoon and evening for 3 days, then until the 10th day the drug is continued with an increase in a single dose to 400-500 mg (also 3 times a day). Finally, when fighting echinococcus, mebendazole is used in the first 3 days, 0.5 g in the morning and evening, in the next 3 days, 0.5 g in the morning, afternoon and evening. For subsequent treatment, the dose of the drug is determined at the rate of 25 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day and the drug is drunk in this amount for another 3-4 days.

Release form: tablets for oral administration, 100 mg - 6 pieces per package, suspension - in a 20 ml bottle (100 mg in 5 ml).

Special instructions: the drug is used with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding. During treatment and for 24 hours after its completion, alcohol consumption is prohibited. When prescribing medication to a patient suffering from diabetes mellitus and receiving insulin treatment, it must be taken into account that mebendazole reduces the need for it.

Niclosamide

Active substance: niclosamide

Indications: It is especially effective against cestodes and is used for taeniarinchiasis, diphyllobothriasis, and hymenolepiasis.

Contraindications: peptic ulcer and duodenum, renal and liver failure. It is not recommended to use for taeniasis (infection pork tapeworm), since there is a possibility of the disease passing from intestinal form into tissue – cysticercosis.

Side effects: allergies, nausea, abdominal pain.

Mode of application: for all infestations, for patients over 12 years of age, it is used orally in a dose of 2 g once. Children 2–5 years old are given 500 mg of the drug per day, 5–12 years old – 1.5 g per day. When infected with dwarf tapeworm daily dose should be divided into 4 parts and taken every 2 hours.

Release form: 250 mg tablets – 4 pieces per package.

Special instructions: During treatment it is recommended to follow a diet. The food should be liquid and semi-liquid and not contain fat. Before using the drug, you should take 2 g of sodium bicarbonate orally as a laxative.

Pirantel

Active substance: pyrantel pamoate.

Pharmachologic effect: paralyzes the muscles of the helminth, due to which it cannot remain in the lumen of the human intestine.

Contraindications: pregnancy and lactation, individual intolerance to the drug.

Side effects: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, loose stools, discomfort and abdominal pain, headache, sleep disorders, allergic reactions. Very rarely there is hearing loss, fainting, or hallucinations.

Mode of application: The drug is taken orally with water, during meals or immediately after. When infected with roundworms and pinworms, a single dose of medication is required, the dose is calculated based on body weight - 10 mg per 1 kg. For hookworm infection, it is necessary to use the drug in the same dose for 3 days.

Release form: tablets of 250 mg - 3 pieces per package, suspension for oral administration - 5, 10, 15 ml (50 mg per 1 ml) in a bottle.

Special instructions: use the drug with caution when renal failure(it is partially excreted through the kidneys with urine), liver diseases. Treatment with pyrantel does not require additional laxatives.

Praziquantel

Active substance: Praziquantel

Indications: used for opisthorchiasis, paragonimiasis, schistosomiasis, infection with broad tapeworm, pork, bovine and dwarf tapeworms, cysticercosis.

Contraindications: individual intolerance to the drug, pregnancy and breastfeeding, children under 4 years of age, serious illnesses liver and brain.

Side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, sleep disturbances, muscle spasms, fever, allergic reactions.

Mode of application: for trematodes (schistosomiasis), the drug is prescribed orally at a dose of 40 mg per 1 kg of patient weight once. For opisthorchiasis (feline fluke infection), treatment is carried out at a dose of 25 mg of the drug per 1 kg of body weight 3 times a day for one day; for paragonimiasis, the drug is prescribed in the same dose, but for 2 days.

Release form: 600 mg tablets – 6 pieces in a bottle.

Special instructions: During treatment with the drug, no additional laxatives are required. Some anticonvulsants (carbamazepine) and hormonal drugs (dexmethasone) reduce the level of praziquantel in the blood.