Antiviral for sore throat in adults. Medicine for sore throat for adults and children. Medicines for sore throats for adults, antibiotics, list and prices, brief description

When certain symptoms occur, most people independently try to diagnose themselves and prescribe treatment, which often leads to complications. To eliminate misconceptions, you need to contact a specialist who will prescribe a series of tests and correct treatment.

In most cases, tonsillitis is caused by staphylococci and streptococci; much less frequently, the disease occurs as a result of viruses and fungi entering the body. Infection can occur in several ways: airborne and through household objects. There is no less risk of infection when contacting a person who has recently suffered from the disease, since the pathogen can persist in the body for 2-3 weeks.

The first thing that occurs on the way of bacteria is the mucous membrane of the tonsils, on the surface of which bacteria settle, which leads to active work lymphoid tissue, which releases antibodies against bacteria. The main peak of incidence occurs in the spring-autumn period, since at this time the risk of hypothermia is high, immunity is reduced, and the body lacks vitamins. This leads to the inability of the lymphatic system to cope with the pathogen, which provokes an inflammatory process in the tonsils.

Signs of tonsillitis in adults

The diagnosis is made by a doctor not only on the basis of tests, but also on symptoms, which may vary depending on the form and severity of the disease. The main signs of angina include:

• high temperature (catarrhal form can pass without fever);
• sore throat;
• acute pain in the throat that increases with swallowing;
• chills;
• signs of intoxication: headache, nausea, weakness;
• increased fatigue, poor health;
• sometimes vomiting;
• abdominal pain, diarrhea;
• runny nose and nasal congestion (only with the addition of other infections or with);
• smell from the mouth;
• enlarged and painful lymph nodes.

In adults, the development of sore throat can occur with a decrease in immune defense body and poor nutrition.

You should immediately consult a specialist if the following dangerous symptoms develop:

• the appearance of a skin rash;
• difficulty breathing;
• swelling of the neck and tongue;
• increased tone of the muscles of the back of the head, difficulty opening the mouth;
• inability to swallow saliva.

Depending on the form and severity of the disease, treatment is prescribed, which in some cases may not be required at all.

What should an adult drink with a sore throat?

If the first signs of the disease occur (sore throat, weakness, fever), you should consult a doctor for advice. In most cases, with timely initiation of treatment, the disease can be managed in short term, and this will also help avoid the development of possible complications. After external examination oral cavity, throat and receiving test results, the doctor can make an accurate diagnosis, the form and severity of the sore throat. Only on the basis of the data obtained can treatment be prescribed, which can be carried out at home, taking into account the absence of complications.

Also during treatment, the patient must follow the following recommendations:

• it is necessary to limit communication with others as much as possible to eliminate the risk of infection;
• nutrition should be light and proper;
• treatment should be carried out under bed rest;
• carry out all procedures prescribed by the doctor;
• use folk remedies for gargling;
• take the necessary medications: antibacterial, antiviral, antipyretic.

Treatment and dosage of drugs should be prescribed only by a doctor, based on the form of the disease and the characteristics of the patient’s body.

Bed rest

When a sore throat develops, the patient needs good sleep and rest, it is highly undesirable to carry out treatment on the legs, as this can worsen the course of the disease.

Under conditions home treatment the patient needs to drink enough fluids, which will help remove toxins and harmful substances from the body. To do this, you can prepare various berry and fruit drinks, compotes, use warm mineral water, tea with honey and lemon. The liquid should not be too cold or hot, this will increase the unpleasant and painful sensations in the throat.

The diet should consist of healthy products in the form of liquid and puree: curd mass, mashed potatoes, soups, broths, porridges. During treatment, it is necessary to exclude spicy, smoked and salty foods.

To strengthen the immune system, in addition to using pharmacy complex vitamins, it is necessary to include more fruits and vegetables in the diet.

Antibacterial therapy

To eliminate the risk of developing side effects, taking medications should only take into account the recommendations of a specialist (prescription of the drug and its dosage). Treatment involves primarily using antibacterial agents, which are aimed at combating pathogenic microorganisms.

What antibiotics should adults take for sore throat?

Sore throat refers to an infectious disease in which the inflammatory process is localized in the tonsils, so the disease requires a thorough approach and treatment. Antibacterial therapy is prescribed by the attending physician, based on the form, type of pathogen and severity of the disease. An antibiotic is prescribed on the following basis:

• for purulent tonsillitis: penicillins;
• for lacunar tonsillitis: cephalosporins;
• streptococcal tonsillitis: cephalosporins, penicillins;
• : penicillins;
• catarrhal tonsillitis: macrolides;
• lacunar tonsillitis: cephalosporins.

When diagnosing the disease, in most cases penicillin antibiotics are prescribed, but due to the frequent occurrence of allergic reactions, this group of drugs can be replaced with macrolides and only in severe cases the doctor prescribes cephalosporins.

This drug is prescribed for acute course tonsillitis. After entering the stomach, the active components of the drug are quickly absorbed into the blood, reaching maximum concentration. The drug is available in the form of white or yellow color, dosage 125,250,500 and 1000 mg. The dosage and duration of use depends on the severity of the disease; for moderate and severe forms, take up to 2 g per day for 2 weeks.

When using Flemoxin, the following adverse reactions may occur:

• diarrhea;
• skin itching;
• Quincke's edema;
• allergic reactions;
• colitis.

This drug can be prescribed for the treatment of sore throat in both adults and children. It is effective in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms, in particular staphylococci and streptococci. After use, the drug is quickly absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spreads to soft tissues, skin and respiratory tract. The course of therapy is 5 days, during which you need to take 1 tablet per day. Azithromycin is a long-acting drug, so the destruction of bacteria continues for about a week after the end of administration.

During treatment with the drug, the following side effects may occur:

• headache;
• the appearance of a rash on the skin;
• stomach ache;
• nausea;
• drowsiness;
• sometimes vomiting.

Augmentin has a wide spectrum of action, helps fight various pathogens that provoke the development of sore throat. The drug is available in the form of suspensions, syrup tablets and injection formulations. For children over 12 years of age and adults, the drug is prescribed three times a day, 125 or 500 mg, depending on the severity of the disease. The course of treatment should last at least 7 days; if necessary, treatment can be extended to 2 weeks.

The following side effects may occur while taking the drug:

• sleep disturbance;
• exhaustion;
• flatulence;
• weakness;
• diarrhea or constipation;
• allergic rash;
• edema.

Augmentin should not be taken during pregnancy, as well as if you are intolerant to penicillins, have jaundice or chronic kidney disease.

Prescribed for severe sore throat, including purulent one. The drug is administered intramuscularly, which provides a rapid antibacterial effect, including against microorganisms resistant to penicillin drugs. For adults, the drug is prescribed twice a day, 1 g, for at least one week.

The following side effects may occur during use:

• bloating;
• stomatitis;
• nausea;
• dizziness;
• fever;
• anaphylactic shock;
• skin rash.

The development of these reactions must be reported to the doctor; in most cases, the drug is continued, and after completion of treatment the symptoms go away on their own.

This antibacterial drug has a wide spectrum of action and is taken only under the strict supervision of a physician. Sumamed is aimed at destroying bacteria, so treating acute respiratory viral infections and acute respiratory infections with this drug is impractical and dangerous. It should be taken with caution by patients with high sensitivity to the components of the drug; a few days after the start of treatment, the patient feels improvement. Sumamed is prescribed once a day, 500 mg for a course of 5 days.

Side effects may occur during use:

• nausea, sometimes vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• weakness;
• decreased hearing and vision;
• loss of appetite.

Sumamed is contraindicated to take during breastfeeding, with kidney and liver diseases, or intolerance to the drug substances.

The drug is one of the effective in the fight against microorganisms resistant to penicillins. Macropen is used before meals, after penetrating into the blood through the stomach, the drug’s effect begins after 2 hours. The course of use of this therapy ranges from 5 to 10 days, depending on the form of the disease and the presence of complications. For adults, it is prescribed three times a day with a total dose of 1.6 g; changes in dosage and duration of treatment are carried out only by a doctor.

During use, some patients note the development of weakness, headache, nausea and intestinal disorders.

Duration of antibiotic use

Many people are concerned about the question: how many days do you need to take antibiotics? The duration of antibacterial therapy depends on the form of the disease, severity, type of pathogen, and the prescribed drug. It is strictly prohibited to independently prescribe the duration and dosage of the drug. In addition, in most cases, a few days after treatment, the patient may feel relief, which is mistakenly perceived as the end of the disease. Therefore, it is important to complete the treatment, fully following all the doctor’s recommendations.

Antibiotic sprays for sore throat

The choice of remedy is based on the characteristics of the disease and the patient’s preferences. It is important to know that antibiotic sprays are local therapy and cannot be used as the main treatment, since their action is aimed at destroying bacteria in the tonsils, relieving inflammation and discomfort. In addition, irrigation products help cope with dry throat, burning and sore throat. The disinfectant effect is due to the presence of antiseptic and antifungal components in the composition of the preparations. Some of the most effective and popular drugs for topical use are:

• Hexoral;
• Hexaspray;
• Stopangin;
• Bioparox.

Bioparox Hexasprey Geksoral Stopangin

Only when mild flow illness, the doctor can prescribe a spray as the main treatment without the use of additional drugs.

Antimicrobials

Treatment of sore throat includes the use of antimicrobial sulfa drugs having wide range action and are effective in combating microbes. Such means include:

• Sulfalene;
• Sulfadimethoxine;
• Biseptol.

Duration of admission antimicrobials is at least one week.

Medicines to relieve general condition

In rare cases, there are no symptoms and does not cause any discomfort in the patient. To make you feel better, your doctor may prescribe the following medications:

• anti-inflammatory and painkillers: Citramon, Amidopyrine;
• painkillers and antipyretics: Paracetamol, Analgin, Aspirin.

Depending on the manifestations of symptoms, drugs can be prescribed for up to 5 days.

Besides high temperature The patient may experience allergic reactions while taking antibacterial drugs. In this case, the following antihistamines may be prescribed:

• Suprastin.

Suprastin

These drugs are prescribed when there is a risk of allergies, as well as during exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.

Gargling

No less important in the treatment of sore throat is local therapy, which includes gargling. Regular procedure will not only improve the condition of the tonsils, but also allow you to recover faster. Gargling helps remove purulent plugs, relieve soreness and inflammation in the throat.

One of the popular compositions for. To prepare, you need to dilute 1 tbsp. l. drug in a glass of water. The procedure with this solution allows you to reduce the number of harmful bacteria not only in the mouth, but throughout the body.

Also no less effective for rinsing are the following compositions:

• Furacilin, Dioxidin: dissolve 2 ampoules of one of the preparations in a glass of water and rinse;
• decoction of calendula: brew 1 tsp of boiling water in a glass. herbs and let cool to room temperature;
• chamomile decoction: brew 1 tsp with a glass of boiling water. herbs and let cool;
• baking soda-saline solution: stir ½ tsp in a glass of water. soda and salt, if you are not allergic to iodine, add 10 drops to the solution.

These components of the solutions have anti-inflammatory, analgesic and healing effects.

To achieve maximum effect, it is necessary to carry out the procedure correctly:

1. For rinsing, you can use several solutions at once.
2. Take liquid into mouth, rinse and spit out.
3. Take another sip, tilt your head back and rinse, then spit out the solution.
4. Carry out the procedure until the solution in the glass runs out.

After the procedure, you can rinse your mouth plain water. The products must be used until symptoms disappear completely, at least 5 times a day.

Antiseptic drugs

Comprehensive also includes the use of disinfectants:

• Strepsils;
• Antiangin;
• Faringosept;
• Hexalize.

These products must be used 15-20 minutes after rinsing.

An acute infectious disease, sore throat, is treated with antibiotics and medications that relieve its symptoms. Therapy is prescribed by a doctor; self-medication is excluded, as complications may arise. Strict adherence to the treatment regimen and instructions for medications is the key to recovery. New generation remedies will help cope with the disease.

Reasons for using new generation tablets

Antibiotics in tablets for angina in adults are used from the groups of penicillins, macrolides, and cephalosporins. The last two groups belong to the new generation and are preferred in treatment because they are more effective and do not cause allergies. Penicillins are resistant to microbes, so they are not suitable for most patients.

Cephalosporins and macrolides inhibit the synthesis of the cell wall of pathogenic microbes, which leads to their death. Antibiotics in tablets are effective in the treatment of bacterial tonsillar pathologies and oropharyngeal infections, including sore throat. They have a small number of side effects and contraindications and do not cause microbial resistance.

Possible side effects from new generation tablets intended for the treatment of sore throat:

• rash, redness of the skin;
• anaphylactic and allergic reactions, bronchospasm, angioedema, anaphylactic shock;
• weakness, changes in taste, smell;
• nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, pancreatitis;
• acute hepatitis, increased activity of liver enzymes;
• dizziness, headache, paresthesia;
• growth of superinfection (insensitive bacteria, fungi).

Roxithromycin

Antibiotics in tablets for sore throats are more often used in adults; it is better to give injections to children.

The popular drug Roxithromycin has the following characteristics:

Ketek

Tablets for sore throat in adults Ketek belong to a new generation, which are used to treat infectious diseases. Their features:

Rulid

The new generation of sore throat tablets Rulid are an analogue of Roxithromycin:

Video

Treatment of sore throat with antibiotics in children and adults

Antibacterial treatment of sore throat in adults and children

Treatment of sore throat with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to relieve the symptoms of sore throat. The mechanism of their action is that they block the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory mediators (that is, substances due to which the development and progression of inflammatory processes throughout the body). This leads to a decrease in pain at the site of inflammation, a decrease in elevated temperature and normalization of the patient’s general condition.

In the treatment of sore throat you can use:

• Paracetamol. Orally 500 mg (children – 15 mg/kg) 3 – 4 times a day, with a full glass of water or milk.
• Indomethacin. 25 – 50 mg (children over 12 years old – 1.5 – 2 mg/kg) 2 – 3 times a day after meals, washed down with milk.
• Diclofenac. Orally 25–50 mg (children 1–2 mg/kg/day) 3 times a day after meals.
• Naproxen. Orally 500–750 mg (children 10 mg/kg/day) 2 times a day after meals.
• Nimesulide. Orally 50–100 mg 2 times a day after meals.

Local treatment of sore throat

It is necessary to use tablets and sprays no earlier than 15 - 20 minutes after eating (after eating, the salivary glands secrete a large number of saliva, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of treatment). The tablets cannot be chewed, they must be dissolved slowly over 20 to 30 minutes. When using sprays, you should hold your breath while injecting so that the drug does not enter the respiratory tract or lungs. After use local drugs You should refrain from eating and drinking for at least 2 to 3 hours.

The following dissolvable tablets are used to treat sore throat:

Preparations for topical use - lozenges and lozenges - have proven themselves well in the treatment of sore throat, and the drugs are more effective complex composition. For example, the drug Anti-Angin® Formula tablets/lozenges, which include vitamin C, as well as chlorhexidine, which has a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect, and tetracaine, which has a local anesthetic effect. Due to its complex composition, Anti-Angin® has a triple effect: it helps fight bacteria, relieve pain and helps reduce inflammation and swelling.

Anti-Angin® is available in a wide range of dosage forms: compact spray, lozenges and lozenges.

Anti-Angin® is indicated for manifestations of tonsillitis, pharyngitis and initial stage sore throat, this may be irritation, tightness, dryness or sore throat.
Anti-Angin® tablets do not contain sugar

• Faringosept (ambazon). For adults, dissolve 1 tablet every 4 - 5 hours, for children - every 8 hours.
• Strepsils. Dissolve 1 tablet every 2 – 3 hours, but no more than 8 tablets per day.
• Travisil. Children from 5 to 12 years old are prescribed 1 tablet every 8 hours. Adults can take 2 tablets in a row at the same interval.
• Lysobacter. Dissolve 2 tablets in a row every 6 – 8 hours.

• Inhalipt. Before use, you should rinse your mouth with warm boiled water, and then take 1 – 2 sprays of the spray, trying to get it on the tonsil area. Repeat the procedure 3 – 4 times a day.
• Stopangin. The spray is applied 2 – 3 times a day. You can perform 2 - 3 injections into the oral cavity or 1 for each tonsil. The duration of the course of treatment is up to 1 week.
• Hexoral. 1 – 2 sprays into the mouth twice a day.

Inhalations for sore throat

The rules for inhalation for angina are:

• Inhalations are recommended throughout the entire period of the disease.
• Inhalations should not be carried out at elevated body temperatures, as this may cause a deterioration in the patient’s general condition.
• Inhalations should be done an hour after eating, after rinsing the mouth with warm water. After the procedure, you should not eat or drink water for an hour.

• The temperature of the solution for inhalation should be 38 - 40 degrees. More low temperature will not provide desired effect, and a higher level can cause a burn to the tonsils and oropharyngeal cavity.
• Inhalations are carried out 2 – 3 times a day. The duration of one procedure should be at least 7–10 minutes.
• Inhalation of vapors during inhalation is carried out through the mouth, and exhalation through the nose.
• Inhalation medications can be alternated, since different active substances complement each other's actions.

In the absence of a nebulizer or if you wish to carry out inhalations herbal preparations You can use a regular teapot. The spout of the teapot is placed in the oral cavity and medicinal vapors are inhaled.
For inhalation for sore throat, you can use solutions based on medicinal herbs and pharmaceutical preparations.

If you are prone to allergic reactions, you can use a solution of sea salt, iodized salt or mineral water with alkaline composition– Essentuki, Borjomi. For cooking saline solution you need to pour 1 tablespoon of salt with a glass of hot water, stir well until the crystals are completely dissolved and cool until desired temperature.

The following plants are used for inhalation for sore throat:

• raspberry leaves or branches.

For bacterial sore throat in children, inhalation in some cases can be effective with the use of inhaled antibiotics, which include Bioparox and tobramycin. To do this, 1 dose of antibiotic should be sprayed into a nebulizer and the vapor should be inhaled for 5 minutes. In this case, you should not be afraid of an overdose, since a single dose will enter the respiratory tract gradually.

For inhalation for sore throat, you can also use antiseptic drugs that cleanse the tonsils and destroy pathogenic microbes. Among the local antiseptics, furatsilin and miramistin should be noted. To prepare a solution for inhalation, you need to dilute these drugs in hot water or saline in a 1:1 ratio.

To reduce swelling of the tonsils and difficulty breathing during sore throat, you can use antiallergic drugs based on sodium cromoglycate for inhalation. To do this, the contents of 1 ampoule should be inhaled for 10 minutes 2 - 3 times a day, depending on the degree of difficulty breathing.

Properly selected and combined inhalation drugs for angina help to quickly get rid of the main local symptoms and prevent transition acute sore throat into a chronic process.

Gargling for a sore throat

• If you have a sore throat, you should gargle throughout the entire period of the disease.
• When gargling properly, the head should be thrown back and the tongue should be stuck out.
• You need to gargle for 5-10 seconds with each portion of the solution.
• It is better to prepare the rinse solution in small doses for single use.
• The gargle solution should be warm. The optimal temperature is considered to be 36–37 degrees, which corresponds to the normal body temperature.
• If you have a sore throat, you need to gargle at least 3 and no more than 6 times a day to achieve therapeutic effect and do not dry out the tonsils.
• After gargling, you should not eat any food or drink water for an hour, so as not to remove the remaining solution from the oropharynx cavity.
• Gargling solutions should be alternated to ensure the best effect in the complex treatment of sore throat.

The following herbs are used to gargle for sore throat:

• chamomile;
• sage;
• eucalyptus;
• Linden;

To enhance the effect, you can add 1 – 2 drops of essential oil to the herbal solution. Essential oils have a pronounced anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect, helping in the local treatment of sore throat.

Pharmacies sell a ready-made gargle containing a mixture of chamomile, calendula and yarrow extracts called rotokan. To gargle, dilute 1 teaspoon of rotokan in a glass of warm water.

The following essential oils are used for gargling with sore throat:

• tea tree oil ;
• lavender oil;
• mint oil;
• lemon oil;
• eucalyptus oil;
• bergamot oil.

The following medications are used to gargle for sore throat:

• Furacilin. It has antimicrobial properties and is an antiseptic for topical use. To prepare the solution, grind 1 tablet of furatsilin into powder, add hot water and stir until completely dissolved.
• Miramistin– 0.01% solution. Effective against staphylococci, streptococci, yeast-like fungi. Stimulates local immunity and increases the effectiveness of antibiotics against microbes. To prepare a solution for gargling, you need to dilute Miramistin in warm water in a 1:1 ratio.
• Chlorophyllipt– 1% solution. Helps well with staphylococcal sore throat. It is used for rinsing in a 1:2 ratio, that is, 1 part of the medicine must be dissolved in 2 parts of water.
• Malavit. Reduces pain and swelling of the tonsils. To gargle, dissolve 5 – 10 drops of malavit in 100 ml of warm water.
• Salvin– 1% solution. Has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. To prepare a rinse solution, 5–10 drops of salvin in half a glass of warm water is enough.
• Stopangin– 100 ml. The antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal effects of the drug allow it to be used for all types of sore throat. Gargle with 1 tablespoon of stopangin for 30 seconds.

Treatment of sore throat with folk remedies at home

• Honey. Is a unique product, which contains pollen from dozens of plants. Thanks to this, honey has an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic effect, and also strengthens the immune system. Therefore, this product is widely used in the treatment acute diseases upper respiratory tract, especially in childhood, thanks to its taste.
• Soda. When baking soda is added to water it forms alkaline solution, which has a bacteriostatic (slows down the growth of bacteria) effect.
• Beet. Contains a large amount of vitamins that enhance immunity. Beet juice has a local anti-inflammatory effect when treating tonsils.
• Lemon and rosehip. Improves vascular resistance to toxins and enhances immunity due to vitamin C.
• Aloe. Has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. Reduces swelling of the tonsils, making swallowing easier and reducing pain. Aloe juice is used, which can be used to treat tonsils, and you can also cut off a piece of a plant leaf and leave it behind your cheek for several hours or overnight.

• Antipyretic solution. In a glass of boiled water, you need to dissolve 30 g of honey, squeeze out the juice of half a lemon. Cool the solution and slowly drink in two doses with an interval of half an hour.
• Milk with butter, honey and soda. A common remedy to combat sore throat. Add one tablespoon of honey to hot milk, one teaspoon butter and baking soda on the tip of a knife, stir for better dissolution.
• Honey with vinegar. Dissolve one tablespoon of honey and one teaspoon of 6% apple cider vinegar in a glass of boiled water. You can gargle with this solution or drink 2 to 3 small sips after meals.
• Honey with aloe juice. Add 5-10 g of honey to one tablespoon of aloe juice and mix well. Take the resulting mixture one teaspoon three times a day 20 minutes before meals.
• Beetroot with honey. Wash and peel the beets well, then chop and grate them. Mix with honey in a 2:1 ratio, after a few hours the beet juice will mix with honey. Take the resulting solution 1 teaspoon 3 – 5 times a day.
• Garlic-lemon paste. 1 clove of garlic and half a lemon must be chopped and mixed with honey in equal proportions. Mix well and leave in the refrigerator for 4 – 5 hours. Take one teaspoon 2 times a day.

Immunity and sore throat

Methods to support immunity to prevent sore throat

Methods of maintaining immunity to prevent the development of sore throat are:

• Proper nutrition. Provides the body with a sufficient amount of vitamins, microelements and proteins containing essential amino acids. Vitamins A, C, E, as well as all B vitamins are especially important for immunity. In order to fill the need for these vitamins, it is necessary to eat vegetables, fruits, cereals, liver, eggs, and vegetable oil daily. Microelements involved in maintaining immunity include zinc and selenium. These substances help activate immune cells and resist bacteria, viruses and fungi. In order not to experience a lack of zinc and selenium, it is recommended to eat fish, meat, legumes several times a week, and do not give up bread and dairy products. Meat and fish proteins contain amino acids necessary for the formation of antibodies, which participate in immune reactions and prevent the development of infection. Do not forget that you need to eat 5 times a day in small portions. Following a diet allows you to useful substances It is better absorbed from food and fulfills its mission in immune reactions. Except proper nutrition You must drink at least 1.5 liters of water daily. This will ensure good water balance, cleansing the intestines of metabolic products and pathogens.
• Compliance with the work and rest regime. Allows the body to work productively required time, and then replenish lost strength through rest. It is not recommended to overwork yourself physically or mentally at work, because such overload over time leads to the development of chronic fatigue syndrome and makes the body more vulnerable to germs. Rest does not always involve passively lying on the couch and watching TV; if possible, preference should be given to active species rest on fresh air. Sleep for normal immunity should take 7–8 hours, during which the body has time to regain strength and produce a sufficient number of immune cells and antibodies.
• Timely vaccination. Allows you to make the body resistant to sore throat due to diphtheria, measles, and influenza. When vaccinated, immunity develops, thanks to which the pathogen cannot cause disease.
• Hardening the body. Has a long-term effect, increasing overall and local immunity. Hardening provides increased resistance to temperature changes, which are often a triggering factor in the development of sore throat. A hardened body will not reduce immune strength during hypothermia, but, on the contrary, activates immune reactions.
• Regular physical activity. Strengthen the work muscular system, stimulate cardiovascular system and provide better blood oxygen saturation. All this contributes to the fact that during moderate physical activity and long time after their cessation, a large amount of blood rich in oxygen and nutrients enters the body tissues and is vigorously removed harmful products exchange. Due to this, unfavorable conditions are created in all tissues and organs for the growth and reproduction of microbes. Also, along with increased blood flow, immune cells enter the tissues, which provide local immunity.
• Pharmacy drugs that enhance immunity. Allow the body to resist infections during periods of temporary decline in immune strength. This happens in the autumn-spring seasons, when there are not enough vitamins and the body is often susceptible to hypothermia. It is best to use immunostimulants on plant based, among which we can highlight preparations of ginseng, echinacea, eleutherococcus, rose hips. Immunostimulating drugs should be used in small doses to prevent excessive stress and depletion of the immune system.

Changes in immunity with angina

Removal of tonsils for sore throat

Indications for tonsil removal for sore throat

Methods of conservative treatment of chronic sore throat are:

• Washing the lacunae of the tonsils. Under visual control, a special cannula to which a syringe is attached is inserted into each lacuna in turn. Under pressure, the entire contents of the lacunae are washed out with an antiseptic solution. The course consists of 10 - 15 washes every other day.
• UHF (ultra high frequency) therapy. The place of influence is the submandibular region. The tonsils and lymph nodes are exposed to a high-frequency electromagnetic field (40.68 MHz or 27.12 MHz), expanding the vessels and capillaries. Blood flow to the tonsils improves, thereby increasing local immunity. The course of treatment is 10 – 12 sessions.

Indications for tonsillectomy are:

• chronic tonsillitis that is not amenable to conservative treatment;
• chronic tonsillitis with the presence of local complications on this moment or a history of complications.

• heart disease with valve damage and heart failure of II – III degree;
• hemophilia and other blood diseases accompanied by heavy bleeding.

Tonsil removal technique

Tonsillectomy is performed under local anesthesia. The most commonly used is infiltration anesthesia with a 1–2% lidocaine solution. The doctor punctures the tissue around the tonsil, injecting a small amount of lidocaine into the injection site; after a few minutes, complete local anesthesia. First, the tonsil is grabbed with special forceps and pulled away from the side wall of the pharynx. This method improves visibility and access to the mucous membrane between the tonsil and the arch. An incision is made along the edge of the anterior arch. With the correct incision, the doctor gains access to the pericapsular space. The tonsil is separated with a blunt instrument to minimize tissue trauma. Scars consisting of connective tissue, they are cut with scissors. The tonsil is separated gradually, from front to back, until the mucous membrane of the posterior surface is reached. First, the mucous membrane is cut, then the upper pole of the tonsil is slowly separated, then lower way cutting it off. Bleeding is stopped by applying a tampon with a hemostatic solution. At heavy bleeding the vessel is sutured or twisted.

It is not recommended to eat on the first day after surgery. On days 2–4 after surgery, food should be soft or liquid, moderately warm, not spicy and slightly or not at all salty to avoid injury and irritation of the wound surface.

Complications of sore throat

Complications of sore throat may be caused by:

• lack of treatment;
• improper treatment;
• addition of an additional infection;
• weak immunity.

Local complications of sore throat

Local complications of angina are:

• Peritonsillar abscess. As a result of the penetration of bacteria into the fiber located between the tonsil and the pharyngeal fascia, an inflammatory reaction develops. Subsequently, a cavity filled with pus is formed. In 80% of cases it is a complication of chronic tonsillitis with unilateral lesions. Clinical picture characterized by increased symptoms of acute purulent tonsillitis. There is an increase in body temperature, increased symptoms of intoxication of the body, and a significant increase in pain. When the abscess is located at the upper pole of the tonsil, a spherical compaction is visible, which displaces the tonsil to the middle of the pharyngeal ring. At lower localization it is not visible large seal. There is swelling of the arches and root of the tongue on the affected side, and there may also be swelling of the upper parts of the larynx, which makes breathing difficult. When the abscess is located posteriorly, it is noted pronounced edema in the area of ​​the lateral wall of the pharynx and the posterior arch. The amygdala moves forward and towards the middle.
• Retropharyngeal abscess. Purulent inflammation of loose tissue located between the muscular wall of the pharynx and the spinal fascia. Occurs in children under 5 years of age, extremely rarely in adults. This is due to the fact that children in this area are well developed lymphatic system, which is associated with the tonsils. Through the lymphatic vessels, the infection enters the retropharyngeal region, causing an inflammatory reaction and the formation of pus. The child becomes capricious, refuses to eat, and body temperature rises to 39–40 degrees. On examination, tumor-like swelling of the posterior wall of the pharynx is noted, which is hard with light pressure at the beginning of the disease or soft when pus has already formed. There is a significant increase in lymph nodes on the affected side and their pain. The child holds his head in forced situation, tilting it towards the defeat.
• Purulent lymphadenitis. The infection travels through the lymphatic vessels to the regional lymph nodes. They increase in volume and become sharply painful. At the beginning of the disease, the nodes are mobile, but from the moment they become purulent, they merge with each other. A subcutaneous tumor forms, which fuses with the surrounding tissues, losing its mobility. On palpation, the tumor is dense with areas of softening. The skin over it is uniformly red. Body temperature is high, symptoms of intoxication are severe.
• Sinusitis. Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, most often the maxillary sinuses. Manifested by fever, nasal congestion and aching headaches. Sometimes you can see yellowish or greenish streaks of pus on the back wall of the throat.
• Cellulitis of the neck. In the human neck there are many fasciae that separate the muscles from each other and form many pockets. When an infection gets into such a pocket, purulent inflammation of the fatty tissue located inside the pocket develops. There is a sharp increase in body temperature, severe symptoms of intoxication of the body and pronounced pain, depending on the location of the lesion. Through these interfascial spaces, the infection can spread beyond the neck along the vessels and nerves. Thus, the infection can enter the mediastinum (the space located between the lungs) with the development of a very serious complication - mediastinitis (inflammation of the mediastinum).

Common complications of sore throat

Common complications of tonsillitis are:

• Rheumatic fever. A disease characterized inflammatory lesion connective tissue of an autoimmune nature. The disease begins 2–4 weeks after the infection streptococcal infection. There is an increase in body temperature, and joint pain often occurs, which is migrating in nature. Near the joints, subcutaneous nodules ranging in size from millet grains to peas can be palpated. A ring-shaped redness appears on the skin, well-circumscribed with pale skin in the center. Children often develop chorea, which is manifested by erratic movements of the arms and legs, changes in facial expressions that are uncontrollable by the child. It is not necessary that all these symptoms be present and they are completely reversible with treatment. Also, with rheumatic fever, the heart valves are always affected. As a result of inflammatory changes in the heart valves, they harden and become deformed. This leads to the occurrence of so-called acquired heart disease and disruption of its normal functioning. To prevent this, proper treatment of streptococcal sore throat is necessary, and if rheumatic fever occurs, timely diagnosis and treatment.
• Glomerulonephritis. A disease characterized by autoimmune damage to the glomeruli of the kidneys. With this disease, both kidneys are affected, disrupting their normal function. The patient experiences swelling and increased blood pressure. When examining urine, red blood cells and protein are detected, which should not normally be present in the urine. The disease is dangerous because the body, due to loss of protein, begins to accumulate fluid. As a result excess liquid accumulates in the tissues and cavities of the body (abdominal and pleural). The release of human waste products that remain in the blood is reduced. The body, along with urine, loses a large number of ions, resulting in heart rhythm disturbances up to cardiac arrest. Without proper treatment, glomerulonephritis progresses, leading to the development of renal failure.

Prevention of sore throat

Depending on the presence of the disease and its phase, prevention of angina can be:

• Primary. Aimed at preventing the onset of disease in healthy person. It includes specific prevention, consisting of the use of vaccines, and nonspecific. The second category includes maintaining personal hygiene, maintaining immunity and eliminating predisposing factors.

• Secondary. It consists of early detection of the disease and timely prescription of a suitable course of treatment. It should be remembered that under no circumstances should you treat a sore throat on your own, because approaches to therapy for viral, bacterial and fungal sore throat are fundamentally different. Correctly prescribed treatment reduces the duration of the disease, facilitates its course and sharply reduces the risk of developing serious complications in the future.
• Tertiary. It is to prevent the development of complications. This requires measures to increase immunity after the disease, which do not differ from those during primary prevention. Annual visits to sanatoriums with a specific focus on ENT organs are also encouraged. Suitable sanatoriums are located, for example, on the Black Sea coast, in Kislovodsk and Pyatigorsk. Sanatorium treatment can be recommended for chronic angina only in the remission phase. Acute form or exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis are categorical contraindications for treatment in a sanatorium. The use of physiotherapy, mud therapy, mineral water, salt caves and ozone therapy have a beneficial effect and significantly reduce the frequency of exacerbations and the risk of complications. In some cases the only thing effective measure to prevent complications is surgical removal of the tonsils. This radical procedure helps prevent severe complications in chronic tonsillitis with frequent exacerbations.

Sore throat during pregnancy

The effect of sore throat on fetal development

Treatment of sore throat during pregnancy

Antibiotics allowed during pregnancy

Tablets for sore throat are the first salvation when signs of acute tonsillitis appear. Compressive pain in the throat, and increased pain when swallowing - these are the first main signs of a sore throat that interfere with a normal, full life.

Everyone knows that tonsillitis is the most common infectious-allergic disease, most often caused by staphylococci, streptococci and other microorganisms.

Moreover, sore throat is a concomitant disease with rhinitis, chronic tonsillitis, some allergic reactions of the body, as well as with sinusitis and other infections living in the body.

The most popular way to treat a sore throat is self-treatment at home. Not many people rush to see a specialist. Self-medication at home is the option that most people choose. Therefore, if you decide to treat yourself without the help of a qualified doctor, then try to choose the right medicine for a sore throat so as not to aggravate the course of the disease and not cause even more harm to your body.

You can buy tablets for sore throat at any pharmacy, but before purchasing, do not forget to read the instructions and pharmacological effects of the drug.

When should antibiotics and antivirals be used?

The use of a particular drug should depend on the type of sore throat and the reason that caused its appearance. If tonsillitis is caused by a bacterial infection, then antibiotics must be taken. If the cause of sore throat is viral infection, then antiviral tablets are ideal for use. In this case, antibiotics for sore throat in an adult in tablets or any other form will be powerless. But to determine the type of sore throat, a doctor’s examination (rhinoscopy) is necessary, as well as a smear and x-ray of the paranasal sinuses.

Which effective drugs Can it be used for tonsillitis?

1. Amoxicillin- a powerful antibiotic with strong bactericidal effect. The drug is prescribed for the treatment of tonsillitis, bronchitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis and other diseases caused by various bacterial infections, including staphylococci and streptococci.

Semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotic taken after meals 3 times a day. Amoxicillin tablets for sore throat can be taken whole or in parts with a glass of water.

The dosage of the drug for adults and children is different.

Adults and children (weighing more than 40 kg) over 10 years old with a non-acute course of the disease can consume 0.5 g per day. In case of acute and complicated course of the disease, the dosage can be increased to 0.75 g per meal. Children aged 5-10 years are allowed to take 0.25 g three times a day; children from 2 to 5 years old are allowed to take 0.125 g 3 times a day; Children under 2 years old can only take 20 mg. for one meal three times a day.

Contraindications: Amoxicillin is considered a relatively safe drug, but people with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, as well as those who are prone to allergies, should take the antibiotic with caution. When the first side effects appear, you should consult your doctor or completely stop using the drug.

Side effects: dysbacteriosis, agitation, allergies, insomnia, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, etc.

2. Flemoxin solutab- a penicillin antibiotic with a strong bactericidal effect. The drug is used in the treatment of diseases of the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system caused by bacterial infections entering the body.

Flemoxin solutab is used quite often for angina. The dosage of the drug is calculated for age category from 1 year. The antibiotic has a lemon-tangerine flavor, so even one-year-old children can use it.

Flemoxin solutab is taken twice a day before (or after) meals. Antibiotics for sore throats are swallowed whole and washed down with water, but you can divide the tablet into pieces and chew it.

For adults daily dosage is 0.5-2 g (the dose can be divided into 2 doses). Children from 1-3 years old are prescribed a dose of 0.125 g three times a day or 0.25 g twice a day; from 3 to 6 years, the dosage is 0.25 g 3 times a day or 0.125 g three times a day.

Contraindications and side effects: The drug is not contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women. Drug intolerance may occur in people prone to allergies or people sensitive to the components of the drug.

Among the most common side effects of Flemoxin Solutab are: allergic reactions, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, itching in the anus.

3. Biseptol- remedy antibacterial action. Also, the drug is of a combined nature and can be used not only for tonsillitis, but also for other diseases: dysentery, staphylococcus, etc.

Drug dosage:

• babies from 3 months to 1 year take a suspension of the drug, and after a year - syrup;
• children from 3 to 6 years old take 240 g tablets for sore throat at a time, twice a day;
• for children from 6 to 12 years of age, the daily dose, which is 480 g, is divided into 2 doses;
• adults and children over 12 years old take 960 g per day (in 2 doses).

To prevent the drug from causing any particular harm to the body, you must adhere to a few simple rules:

• take a course of vitamins in parallel with Biseptol;
• drink at least 2 liters. water;
• take the medicine only after meals;
• While taking the drug, do not consume beans, peas, milk, or animal products, as they inhibit the effect of the medicinal components of the drug. It is better to eat dried fruits, sweet desserts, beets, etc. while taking the medicine.

Biseptol has certain side effects, these include: apathy, depression, headaches, nausea, dizziness, abdominal cramps, etc.

It is strictly forbidden for women during lactation and pregnant women to take Biseptol for sore throat. It is recommended to take the drug with caution for people with problems with the thyroid gland, liver, kidneys, allergies, as well as people with blood diseases.

In any case, all of the above drugs should be used only after consultation with a specialist and under the close supervision of an ENT doctor.

Lozenge tablets for sore throat: method of use

Not everyone likes the bitter and unpleasant taste of tablets, so many sick people replace fast acting tablets for lozenges and lollipops.

Lozenges for sore throat act much more slowly, since when dissolved, the substances of the lozenges are evenly distributed throughout the entire oral cavity. However, if you still choose lozenges as a treatment, you can use the following drugs: Faringosept, Strepfen, Septolete and many others.

1. Faringosept used by both adults and children. The only difference is in the dosage. Children from 3 to 7 years old are prescribed 3 tablets per day. Adults can consume up to 4-5 lozenges per day. General course Treatment with lollipops is 3-4 days. Faringosept has no contraindications, except for individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

2. Septolete is a drug containing levomenthol, thymol, as well as eucalyptus and peppermint oil. The course of treatment with lozenges does not exceed 3-4 days. Adults need to take lozenges for throat lozenges every 2-3 hours, 1 lozenge.

The tablet should completely dissolve in your mouth. Children over 4 years old should consume no more than 4 lollipops per day; children over 10 years old should take a maximum of 6 lozenges per day; children over 12 can dissolve 8 lozenges per day.

Contraindications:

• children under 4 years old;
• people with sensitivity to the components of the drug;
• allergy sufferers;
• people with isomaltase and lactase deficiency;
• people with congenital intolerance fructose.

3. Strepfen lozenges used to relieve pain in the throat. The general course of treatment with the drug is 3 days. It is necessary to start taking the drug only from 12 years of age and not earlier.

Drug dosage:

Children (over 12 years old) and adults take Strepfen 1 tablet no more than 5 times a day, exclusively after meals. It is advisable to move the lozenge throughout the entire oral cavity during resorption so that the tablet has an even effect on the throat.

The drug is contraindicated:

• pregnant women;
• people with stomach ulcers;
• women during lactation;
• children under 12 years old;
• people with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;
• people with bronchial asthma, rhinitis and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

To decide for yourself which tablets to take for a sore throat, you need to establish the exact type of tonsillitis, and also take into account your individual characteristics body. After all, the same drug will have its own special individual effect on each person: for some patients the doctor may prescribe throat tablets with an antibiotic, while for others this medicine is contraindicated. So, if you feel the first signs of a sore throat, immediately contact an ENT specialist for advice. After a thorough examination and tests, the doctor will prescribe the correct and necessary treatment for you.

Tablets for sore throat or traditional medicine: which is better?

Of course, pills give quick results, but most medications have many contraindications and side effects.

But to suffer from unpleasant symptoms Nobody wants a sore throat or a sore throat.

What to take for a sore throat? Is there an alternative to drug treatment? Definitely yes. And this alternative is traditional medicine.

There are many recipes for treating acute tonsillitis with folk remedies. It’s impossible to list them all, but we can name a couple of the most effective folk remedies for the treatment of sore throat.

• The first, perhaps the most effective, but somewhat unpleasant remedy is kerosene. As a rule, kerosene for sore throat is used as a lubricant for the tonsils. Inflamed tonsils must be lubricated (no more than 2-3 times a day, 60 minutes before meals) with purified kerosene. Within a week, complete recovery should occur.
• Another folk remedy is propolis tincture. Propolis successfully, and most importantly quickly, relieves sore throat. The tincture is used as a lubricant for sore throats. It is very easy to prepare this tincture. You just need to dilute it by 100 grams. alcohol 10-30 gr. crushed propolis (it all depends on the concentration). It is necessary to infuse propolis in a dark place for no more than 1-2 weeks.
• Another, simplest and most accessible remedy for sore throat is iodine. It is the best way to treat purulent and chronic sore throats quickly and almost painlessly. You just need to wrap the end of a spoon with cotton wool, then soak it in an iodine solution and lubricate the inflamed tonsils with the soaked cotton wool. After just a few days of this procedure, you can forget about a sore throat forever.

In the treatment of sore throat, the main thing is to make a timely and correct diagnosis. Then at timely treatment Most complications and consequences can be avoided.

Effective treatment of angina is ensured by clear clinical diagnosis and adequate pharmacotherapy. Antibiotics for sore throat, sprays and gargling will significantly shorten the treatment time, reduce the severity of the disease and preserve protective factors organ as an important part of the human immune system.

Sore throat is an acute infectious disease of the body that occurs with symptoms of acute inflammation of the structures of the pharyngeal lymphoid ring. It is one of the most common diseases after influenza and acute respiratory infections.

Treatment of angina is complex and includes:

• Local tagging.
• Pain relief.
• Prescription of systemic antibiotics.

Antibiotics for sore throat

Up to 70% of tonsillitis cases are caused by viruses. Among them, the most common are coronavirus and rhinoviruses. The remaining 30% comes from bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms. Up to 80% of cases of sore throats caused by bacteria are caused by group A β-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes, GABHS).

To timely prescribe an antibiotic for angina, it is necessary to identify antigens to GABHS using the Streptatest system.

Streptatest is a universal tool that allows you to determine the cause of a sore throat in 5 minutes. It will quickly establish the presence of group A β-hemolytic streptococcus in the oral cavity, which means it will help to promptly prescribe adequate antimicrobial therapy. In the absence of a pathogen, streptatest will allow you to avoid unnecessary treatment of sore throat with antibiotics. Streptatest has high (about 90%) specificity and high (about 95%) sensitivity.

Rice. 1. Streptatest has high (about 90%) specificity and high (about 95%) sensitivity.

Rice. 2. Streptatest is a universal tool that allows you to quickly determine the cause of a sore throat.

Rice. 3. Scheme of working with streptatetest.

Antibiotics for sore throat. Correct selection

Streptococci show high sensitivity to drugs of the penicillin group. In cases where drug intolerance is noted or pathogen strains exhibit resistance (resistance), macrolides and first or second generation cephalosporins are prescribed.

Treatment of sore throat is carried out with antibiotics of the following groups:

Penicillin group drugs:

• phenoxymethylpenicillin
• augmentin, amoxiclav
• amoxicillin

Macrolides:

• Sumamed
• Azithromycin

Cephalosporins:

• Cefatoxime
• Cefuroxime

Phenoxymethylpenicillin is convenient for use in the treatment of young children due to its release of this antibiotic in the form of a suspension.

Amoxicillin is characterized by increased bioavailability (the ability to accumulate in damaged tissues). The drug binds to serum proteins to a much lesser extent.

First generation cephalosporins are highly effective antibiotics and are well tolerated by patients.

Antibacterial drugs of the macrolide group have high antistreptococcal activity. They create high concentration at the site of the lesion.

Properly selected antibiotics for angina will quickly achieve the desired result, prevent the development of complications and avoid chronicity of the process.

Rice. 4. The photo shows a drug from the penicillin group, Amoxicillin, and a drug from the macrolide group, Azithromycin.

Antibiotics for sore throat. To apply or not?

In adults and children, antibiotics may not be used at the first signs of disease. They are indicated only in case of bacterial nature of the infection. Developed by experts, the MacIsaac scale helps to carry out differential diagnosis between viral and BSGA tonsillitis.

1. If the scale scores no more than 1 point, then antibiotics for sore throat are not indicated. Treatment of angina is symptomatic. Additional methods no diagnostics required.
2. If the scale scores 2, then the question of prescribing an antibiotic is decided by the doctor.
3. If the scale scores more than 3 points, then treatment of sore throat with systemic antibiotics is indicated.

Antibiotics for sore throat. Duration of treatment

With properly selected antibacterial therapy, the patient's condition improves quickly. But the doctor’s task is not only to quickly recover the patient, but also to prevent the development of complications. This is achieved by completely destroying the pathogen, which occurs when antibiotics are used for at least 10 days.

BSGA tonsillitis and immunity

BSGA tonsillitis does not leave behind lasting immunity. During the recovery period, the likelihood of the disease returning is high.

Unjustified use of antibiotics

The unjustified use of antibiotics for angina leads to the development of pathogen resistance and the occurrence of undesirable reactions. Often the reason for prescribing antibiotics is pain syndrome. However, the pain of sore throat is well relieved by topical medications with anesthetics.

In Russia, about 70% of antibiotic prescriptions turn out to be unjustified. About 25% is justified, but their use is not always successful.

Antibiotics do not work on viruses. For viral tonsillitis, you can limit yourself to prescribing local medications.

Antihistamines

Treatment of sore throats with antihistamines is advisable only when early stage diseases. Drugs such as suprastin, tavegil, fenkarol, claritin, telfast, etc. are indicated.

Rice. 5. Antihistamines.

Treatment of sore throat with topical medications

Combined drugs for topical use today are considered the most popular in the treatment of sore throats. They contain antiseptics and disinfectants having antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral effect, painkillers, vegetable oils and vitamins.

Modern drugs for the local treatment of diseases of the oropharynx are able to act on the diseased organ without irritating the mucous membrane of the oropharynx, extremely rarely cause allergic reactions, are not highly toxic and are practically not absorbed at the sites of application.

Combined preparations for topical use are available in the form of sprays, rinses and lozenges. They are used for diseases of the oral cavity, larynx, pharynx, sore throats and are widely used in dental practice.

The widespread introduction of drugs for local treatment of sore throats has made it possible to reduce the unjustified use of antibacterial drugs and prevent the risk of developing resistance of microorganisms.

Topical preparations for the treatment of sore throat

Bioparox is an aerosol. Contains the antibiotic fusafungine. Use as prescribed by a doctor for no more than 7 days. Mandatory medical supervision at the end of treatment.

Rice. 6. Bioparox - antibiotic in aerosol.

Contains lidocaine, benzohexonium and peppermint. Has an antiseptic and local anesthetic effect. Benzoxonium chloride, which is part of the drug, has antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral effects. The drug is active against the herpes virus and parainfluenza. Lidocaine has a local anesthetic effect. Eliminates or reduces the intensity of sore throat. Peppermint contains essential oil, the basis of which is menthol. Mint has an analgesic, antispasmodic, and antiseptic effect. It has a characteristic refreshing taste and aroma.

Rice. 7. The drug for the treatment of sore throat TeraFlu LAR - tablets and spray. Has an antiseptic and local anesthetic effect.

Flurbiprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Lozenges. Has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The analgesic effect occurs within 15 minutes and lasts for several hours.

Strepsils Intensive - tablets containing flurbiprofen (NSAID). Has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

Tantum Verde is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Solution, spray, tablets. Has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

Contains hexetidine antiseptic, disinfectant and essential oils. Used as an aerosol and rinse. Has activity against bacteria, fungi and viruses. It has a local hemostatic, analgesic, enveloping and deodorizing effect.

Stopangin - solution, spray. Contains hexetidine antiseptic and vegetable oils. It has antimicrobial, antifungal, analgesic and enveloping effects. The drug is indicated for stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, tonsillitis, glossitis, pharyngitis, candidiasis and bad breath.

Hexoral - aerosol, solution. Contains hexethidine antiseptic. Has activity against bacteria, fungi and viruses. The drug is indicated for stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, tonsillitis, glossitis, pharyngitis.

Anti-Angin Formula - tablets and lozenges. Contains the antiseptic chlorhexidine and the local anesthetic tetracaine. Has antimicrobial and analgesic effects. The drug is indicated for stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, tonsillitis and pharyngitis.

Strepsils - tablets contain an antiseptic and disinfectant. The drug is indicated for stomatitis, gingivitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis.

Strepsils Plus - tablets and spray. Contains antiseptic, disinfectant and lidocaine. It has antimycotic, antiseptic, local anesthetic and anti-edema effects. The drug is indicated for laryngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis and sore throat.

Ingalipt - aerosol and spray. Contains sulfonamides and vegetable oils of peppermint and eucalyptus. It has an anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and refreshing effect. Shows activity against bacteria, fungi and viruses. The drug is indicated for aphthous and ulcerative stomatitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis.

Yox - solution, spray. Contains antiseptics. Has antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity. the drug is active against protozoa.

Kameton - aerosol. Contains antiseptic chlorobutanol, camphor, menthol and eucalyptus oil. Chlorobutanol has an antiseptic effect. Menthol has a mild analgesic effect. Camphor has an irritating effect, increasing local blood flow. Eucalyptus oil has an anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect. It has an irritating effect, increasing local blood flow, a refreshing effect, and promotes tissue regeneration.

Benzyldimethylammonium chloride is active against bacteria, fungi and viruses.

Neo-angin - tablets. Contains antiseptic, disinfectant and menthol. It has antimycotic, antiseptic and local anesthetic effects. The drug is indicated for stomatitis, gingivitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis.

Faringosept - Tablets. Contains an antiseptic and disinfectant. Has an antimicrobial effect. The drug is indicated for stomatitis, gingivitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis.

Before using the drug, you must carefully read the instructions! Each drug has side effects and can cause allergies.

Rice. 8. The photo shows Hexoral spray and Faringosept lozenges.

Sore throat: treatment tactics and medications

Sore throat is common symptom for acute respiratory infections. Up to 80% of all throat infections occur with this symptom. often dominates in diseases and inevitably affects the patient’s quality of life. There are many causes of sore throat. However, most often patients consult doctors with sore throats due to sore throats and pharyngitis.

A sore throat is well relieved with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), paracetamol, ibuprofen or naproxen. These drugs combine the effect of analgesia and antipyretic. A sore throat is often a reason to prescribe antibiotics. However, it is known that antibacterial drugs do not act on viruses. But in 70% of cases of sore throat, it is viruses that cause the disease. Drugs local action with anesthetics they effectively relieve pain, regardless of the causes of its occurrence. They contain menthol, tetracaine, lidocaine or flurbiprofen.

Drugs for the treatment of sore throat with pain syndrome

• spray and tablets with antiseptic and disinfectant. Contains lidocaine and peppermint.
• Strepsils Plus- tablets and spray . The drug contains an antiseptic, a disinfectant and lidocaine.
• Strepsils Intensive- tablets containing flurbiprofen (NSAIDs), which have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
• Flurbiprofen- tablets containing a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.
• Tantum Verde- solution, spray, tablets . Contains benzydamine, which has a local anesthetic effect, relieves pain and swelling of the mucous membrane.
• Anti-Angin Formula- tablets and lozenges . Contains the antiseptic chlorhexidine and the local anesthetic tetracaine.
• Neo-angin- pills . Contains antiseptics and disinfectants in combinations and menthol.
• Kameton- aerosol. Contains antiseptic chlorobutanol hydrate, camphor, menthol, eucalyptus oil.

Local preparations containing analgesic components cannot be used in children under 3 years of age due to the risk of developing laryngospasm.

Rice. 9. TheraFlu LAR is one of the most effective combination drugs. Contains the anesthetic Lidocaine.

Spray for the throat

The throat spray, when used, creates a high concentration on the mucous membrane medicines, included in its composition.

In throat sprays medicinal substance served with a microdispenser. The drug particles sprayed by the spray are larger than the particles sprayed by the aerosol. Their spraying speed is low. Preparations in the form of aerosols are capable of delivering medicinal preparations into the lower respiratory tract.

Treatment of sore throat with medications in the form of sprays has repeatedly proven its effectiveness. Throat sprays received wide application in dental practice.

Both spray and aerosol have the following advantages:

• onset of rapid therapeutic effect,
• the therapeutic effect is achieved by using a smaller dose of the drug due to spraying,
• Sprays and aerosols are convenient to use.

Rice. 10. To treat diseases of the oropharynx and nose, sprays are used, which have gained wide popularity in last years. The photo shows how the throat spray is used.

Some types of throat sprays

• Hexethidine
• Stopangin
• Hexoral
• Strepsils Plus
• Inhalipt

Rice. 11. Sprays for diseases of the oropharynx.

Gargling

Gargling is indicated for sore throats, chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and diseases of the oral cavity. A gargle will be professionally recommended by your doctor. In some cases, the patient chooses the medicine for rinsing on his own.

When gargling medicine directly contacts the mucous membrane of the oropharyngeal cavity. The arsenal of official and traditional medicine for gargling is large. Dichlorobenzene, metacresol, hexethidine, benzalkonium, thymol, ambazone and chlorhexidine have antimicrobial activity. These are substances of artificial origin. They suppress the growth of not only pathogenic microbes, but also normal microflora oral cavity, which limits their use in children under 6 years of age.

Some types of antiseptics for gargling

• Hexethidine
• Stopangin
• Hexoral
• Tantum Verde
• Miramistin

Some plants have a slight anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Among them are chamomile, sage, calendula, raspberry leaves, St. John's wort, oregano, and eucalyptus. It is better to use the collection for gargling medicinal plants, since they are able to enhance each other’s effects.

How to gargle correctly

• Gargling is carried out with a warm solution.
• Take some of the rinse liquid into your mouth.
• Take a breath.
• Tilt your head back (this will cause liquid to enter your throat).
• Exhale slowly through the mouth, which causes the liquid to vibrate.
• After exhaling, tilt your head forward and release your mouth over the sink.
• Repeat the procedure several times. In this case, half a glass of solution or decoction is used. Gargle up to 6 times a day.

Rice. 12. When gargling, the drug comes into direct contact with the mucous membrane of the oropharynx.

Treatment of sore throat with homeopathic remedies

Catarrhal tonsillitis and uncomplicated forms of chronic tonsillitis are not always treated with antibiotics. At the initial stage of the disease, when the proliferation of microorganisms has not yet reached critical level superinfections, the use of homeopathic remedies may be justified. Therapy with homeopathic remedies affects the body’s self-regulation processes. Sore throat and chronic tonsillitis are considered as a particular manifestation of constitutional weakness and hereditary predisposition. German drug"Tonsilotren" has proven its high efficiency and safety in the treatment of adults and children.

Rice. 13. The German drug “Tonsilotren” has proven its high effectiveness and safety in the treatment of adults and children.

Treatment of certain types of sore throats

Treatment of herpes sore throat

Topical preparations with antiviral activity:

• TheraFlu LAR - tablets and spray.
• Hexethidine - solution and aerosol.
• Hexoral - aerosol, solution.
• Yox - solution, spray.
• Miramistin is an antiseptic solution.

Topical medications will relieve pain:

• Strepsils Plus
• Strepsils Intensive
• Flurbiprofen
• Tantum® Verde
• Anti-Angin Formula
• Neo-angin
• Kameton

Good results are achieved by using liquid antiviral interferon in the form of inhalation or spraying. The repair processes are enhanced by ultraviolet irradiation and helium-neon laser light.

Treatment of fungal sore throat

If the culprit for the development of fungal sore throat is the inadequate use of antibiotics, then they must be immediately discontinued and systemic antifungal drugs must be prescribed:

• Nystatin
• Levorin
• Diflucan

Decamine is synthetic antifungal drug. He provides good effect at fungal infection oral cavity. Well tolerated. Used in the form of caramel and ointment.

The following drugs for topical use have antifungal activity:

• TheraFlu LAR - tablets and spray.
• Hexethidine - solution and aerosol.
• Stopangin - solution and spray.
• Hexoral - aerosol, solution.
• Strepsils Plus - tablets and spray.
• Yox - solution, spray.
• Miramistin is an antiseptic solution.
• Neo-angin - tablets.

Properly selected and timely treatment will ensure rapid involution pathological process, will retain the protective functions of the pharyngeal mucosa and pharyngeal lymphoid ring, as an important factor in local and general immunity.

Treatment of sore throat with purulent plugs see article

Treatment of chronic tonsillitis (removal of tonsils), see article