Cholecystitis in a dog treatment with folk remedies. These include. Preventive measures to prevent cholecystitis in dogs

Unfortunately, many owners are faced with a disease such as cholecystitis in dogs. This pathology occurs when normal function bile ducts leading to the development of inflammation in gallbladder.

Due to poor outflow, bile becomes more dense and caustic. In this case, there is a danger of injury to the walls of the bladder, which leads to the formation of ulcers on it. If the disease is not treated, then through the holes formed, bile will flow into abdominal cavity. This threatens, you can’t do without an urgent operation, otherwise the pet will die.

There are several factors that provoke the development of cholecystitis.

Cholecystitis can develop in dogs that are often given smoked meats.

These include:

An unbalanced diet is considered a provocateur of many diseases, including cholecystitis. The correct structure of the gastric mucosa is maintained due to the presence in the body of a sufficient amount of carotene. It is he who is responsible for the restoration of failed cells. Therefore, the lack of vitamin A in the diet of a pet negatively affects its health.

An unbalanced diet is the main cause of cholecystitis in dogs.

How to recognize the disease

It is almost impossible to know about the presence of the disease until the first symptoms appear. If your dog starts behaving strangely, keep an eye on it. On the manifestation of the first clinical signs cholecystitis, the pet should be immediately referred to a veterinarian for further diagnosis.

Symptoms of cholecystitis

The chronic form differs from the acute form in its manifestation. It is characterized by slight deviations in the behavior of the animal.

You can identify it with the following symptoms:

reduced activity, the animal sleeps a lot;
lack of appetite, refusal of water;
orange urine, light feces, since bilirubin in the blood has increased dramatically;
bowel disorders, ;
severe hair loss ();
the main pose of the pet is on the stomach, the back is arched.

The acute form of cholecystitis occurs if measures are not taken in time and the disease is started.

With an exacerbation of the disease, there is a real threat to the life of the pet. With complete blockage of the bile ducts, the bladder stretches and bursts, peritonitis occurs.

Jaundice often develops in dogs with cholecystitis.

How the disease is diagnosed

At the first visit, the doctor interviews the owner, finds out the symptoms and examines the pet. He evaluates the condition of the skin, mucous membranes, wool. Feels the abdominal area.

If there is suspicion of cholecystitis, then the veterinarian prescribes the following diagnostic procedures:

Ultrasound to detect pathologies, causing inflammation digestive system and gallbladder;
x-ray studies to determine the presence or absence of stones;
general blood test - detection of the content of leukocytes, elevated level which indicate inflammation;
analysis of urine and feces, to assess the level of bilirubin;
a liver biopsy gives an idea of the viscosity of bile and its stagnation;
analysis of bile allows you to determine the causative agent of infection;
diagnostic laparotomy - performed if there is a possibility of peritonitis.

Medical treatment

Before starting treatment, the first step is to remove dangerous symptoms and save your pet from dehydration. Glucose solution and calcium gluconate will help relieve general state. By normalizing it, you can proceed to the direct elimination of the causes that cause the disease.

Treatment of cholecystitis should be prescribed only by a veterinarian after examining the dog.

Important. The doctor makes appointments and selects treatment depending on each specific case. In this case, an important role is played by the degree of neglect of the disease, its form and cause. and individual characteristics dogs, such as age, weight, general condition, accompanying illnesses and other factors.

The following medicines are used to treat cholecystitis:

Last but not least milestone treatment is to carry out physiotherapy based on heat. Such procedures relieve the effects of inflammation, improve blood flow and relieve pain.

Diet for cholecystitis

Return the body to normal functioning will help special meals. It is the basis effective treatment, as it has a minimal burden on the gastrointestinal tract.

With cholecystitis, the dog is transferred to a special diet.

Dog food for cholecystitis is selected by a veterinarian. Most often assigned specialized feed aimed at restoring normal digestion. Dry cheap food is completely excluded.

If the pet also consumes homemade food, then certain restrictions are introduced.

The dog's diet is based on consumption following products supply:

meat low-fat varieties, such as chicken or turkey;
boiled cereals such as rice and buckwheat;
foods rich in calcium - cottage cheese, any unsweetened sour milk with a low percentage of fat;
vegetables rich in vitamin A;

Having figured out how to feed a sick pet, you need to choose correct mode. It is best if there are at least five meals. Food should be fresh and served mashed. With an exacerbation of the disease, the animal needs to starve for about a day.

Disease prevention

It is very important to monitor the weight of the dog and exclude obesity.

Let's take a look at the main ones:

It is necessary to monitor the health of the dog and follow preventive measures, then this disease can be avoided. If cholecystitis is suspected, then timely diagnosis And competent treatment help avoid complications.

J. Braid Case, MD, MS, Diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Surgery. College of Veterinary Medicine, Florida State University, Gainesville, USA.
Indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is one of the most commonly performed laparoscopic surgeries in humans. Although initial fears and prejudices prevented her widespread use and delayed it, currently more than 90% of cholecystectomies are performed laparoscopically. One of the most common indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in humans is symptomatic cholelithiasis. However, so-called symptomatic cholelithiasis is much less common in dogs. In addition, the most common extrahepatic biliary disorder in dogs is gallbladder mucocele with or without bile duct obstruction or cholecystitis.
A veterinary surgeon contemplating laparoscopic cholecystectomy is faced with two main questions: is there obstruction of the bile ducts and is resection safe?
Bile duct obstruction can usually be ruled out by ultrasound abdominal cavity and monitoring of bilirubin in blood serum. However, for the possibility safe removal gallbladder is influenced by many factors. By now accurate readings to HL in dogs have not yet been determined. This is due to the lack of experience and clinical data on HL in dogs. However, uncomplicated gallbladder mucocele appears to be primary indication to HL because few clinical reports have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of surgery in the presence of this condition.
Recognized on this moment contraindications are coagulopathy, biliary peritonitis, rupture/obstruction of the bile ducts, small size patient (< 4 кг) и факторы, ограничивающие стабильность пациента под анестезией 1-3. Данная публикация может служить в качестве инструкции для принятия решения и выбора собак, пригодных для лапароскопической холецистэктомии, а также в качестве руководства по выполнению процедуры.
Preparation/selection of the patient
In dogs clinical picture Gallbladder mucocele usually includes gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia/hyporexia, vomiting, and diarrhea. Patients are recommended a thorough physical examination, perioperative fluid management, and antiemetics and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Despite the limited access required for HL, extensive shaving is recommended due to the use of multiple lateral abdominal ports and potentially high frequency transition to laparotomy with this procedure (0-35%)1-3. In the cranial direction, the shaved area should extend approximately 5–10 cm cranially xiphoid process, and in the caudal direction should go beyond the pubic bone. The lateral margins should be approximately at the level of the hypaxial musculature.
Special Notes and Toolkit
Bipolar electrosurgical devices are important for hemostasis during gallbladder resection. In some cases, the gallbladder may be surrounded by omental adhesions, and their dissection is accelerated by the use of these instruments. Separation of the gallbladder from the hepatic fossa can be performed using a bipolar electrode (eg, a Harmonic scalpel), as well as a monopolar J-hook electrosurgical device and/or blunt palpation probes.
Aspiration and irrigation
Usually, during gallbladder resection, there is a slight bleeding from the liver parenchyma and / or bladder vessels. Blood in most cases accumulates around the base of the bladder and the common bile duct, which impairs visibility, so irrigation and evacuation of this blood is necessary. Two main apparatuses are available, which, according to the author, are in this case necessary. These are a reusable tubular valve suction/irrigation device (Karl Storz Endoscopy) and a disposable combined suction/irrigation device containing an electrosurgical hook (eg, Medtronic's Surgiwand).
Retraction of the gallbladder
Sufficient and stable retraction of the gallbladder in many cases is a difficult task. The gallbladder is usually large and heavy, and its wall is fragile. Direct grasping of Babcock or DeBakey with forceps poses a risk due to the possibility of gallbladder rupture, so grasping the gallbladder with forceps is not recommended. Instead, multiple fan retractors can be used for atraumatic ventral retraction without the need for direct grasping of the gallbladder wall.
Basic Toolkit
For LH, either a 0- or 30-degree endoscope is suitable. The 30-degree endoscope has the advantage of allowing examination of the cranial region of the cystic duct, which helps to determine a safe dissection plane and guide suture material around the duct. Various ports for LH are described. These include reusable 5 and 10 mm ports and 24 mm Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) ports, with or without individual 5 mm ports1-3. At least one port must be large enough to insert a 10 mm clip applicator and sample retrieval device.

In general, the required laparoscopic instruments include:

5 mm laparoscopic Babcock scissors
auxiliary curved scissors
dissector kelly
5mm and 10mm right angle forceps (preferably rotating)
biopsy forceps and blunt palpation probe

If extracorporeal knotting is used to ligate the cystic duct, a 5 mm knot pusher is also required.

Experience

According to the author, HL is one of the most problematic laparoscopic procedures, therefore, before recommending and performing this procedure, the surgeon must be familiar with the traditional abdominal approach for cholecystectomy and have practical experience its implementation.

Patient Placement and Port Locations

Dogs are placed in the forward or reverse Trendelenburg (supine) position, depending on the preference of the surgeon. reverse position Trendelenburg provides the advantage of cranial displacement of the liver and gallbladder lobes, while straight position Trendelenburg contributes to the caudal displacement of the internal organs of the gastrointestinal tract. The author finds that both positions can be useful during HL, so it is recommended to use an operating table with a "floating" bed or a table that allows you to change the position of the patient during surgery.
All port sites are infiltrated with bupivicaine before the appropriate incision is made. A 5 mm camera/endoscope port is placed in the subumbilical region and an initial laparoscopic examination is performed. The Ternamian threaded cannula is preferred because such ports minimize slippage into and out of the peritoneal cavity.
Once the endoscope is in position and the initial examination is completed, a second threaded cannula, 5 mm in diameter, is placed 5–8 cm lateral and 3–5 cm cranial to the subumbilical port in the left cranial abdomen, and the other two ports are placed 3–5 cm. cm and 5–8 cm lateral to the subumbilical port on the right side. These positions are general guidelines and can be modified according to surgeon preference and patient size variation.
In the case of SILS access, a port with a diameter of 24 mm and one or two additional 5 mm ports are placed in the umbilical region 4–8 cm lateral and 3–5 cm cranial on the left or right side, depending on the preference of the surgeon2,3. Individual instruments can be oriented with different port layouts. However, it is recommended to place the fan retractor in the left cranial port, the endoscope in the right paramedian port, and the dissecting forceps in the subumbilical and right lateral ports. In this case, the assistant controls the endoscope and fan retractor, and the surgeon stands slightly to the right and controls the dissecting forceps. This general recommendation, but, of course, changes to this scheme are possible.

Description of the procedure

A pleasant advantage of the laparoscopic approach to cholecystectomy is the ability to easily identify individual hepatic ducts. Once the cystic duct is localized, a right-to-left incision is made around the duct. During this procedure, right-angled forceps are needed to ensure complete exposure of the cystic duct and artery, especially if extracorporeal suturing is to be used to ligate the duct.
5 mm and 10 mm right angled forceps should be available because in dogs with a wide cystic duct, the 5 mm right angled forceps will not be long enough to reach the opposite side of the cystic duct. Rotating (bendable) 5 mm right-angled forceps are another excellent option, as they can be bent to help guide their ends around the opposite side of the duct.
Once the cystic duct has been exposed, either an appropriately sized applicator clip (it should be wide enough to cover the entire cystic duct when closed) or an extracorporeal suture is placed around it. Suitable monofilament suture with long term biodegradation, USO size 0 or 2-0. For ligation of the cystic duct, a modified Raeder's knot is recommended. Typically, two clamps or two ligatures are placed proximally, and one clamp or ligature is placed distally. Metzenbaum scissors are then used to cut the cystic duct between the two proximal ligatures and the distal ligature.
Further separation of the gallbladder from the hepatic fossa is performed using a bipolar electrosurgical device, a J-hook cauter, or a blunt probe. It is recommended to start the dissection from the cystic duct and not from the top of the gallbladder. Ventral traction of the ligated portion of the cystic duct (from the side of the gallbladder) contributes to its separation from the hepatic fossa. After complete separation of the gallbladder from the hepatic fossa, a specimen retrieval bag is used to place the gallbladder there prior to removal from the abdomen. If the gallbladder is large and filled with fluid, it may be possible to decompress it before removing it from the abdomen. When the sample bag and the gallbladder placed inside it emerge from the abdomen, a scalpel can be used to cut a small piece of the gallbladder, which will allow its contents to leak into the sample bag and the gallbladder will collapse, thereby facilitating its removal through a small incision for the port.
Care must be taken to avoid rupture of the sample bag or leakage of bile into the abdominal cavity. If the leakage of bile into the abdominal cavity has occurred, a transition to laparotomy, complete washing of the abdominal cavity and evacuation of the fluid is necessary.
After the procedure is completed, the cystic duct stump is washed and any remaining blood, fluid, or bile is removed. Liver biopsy and gallbladder samples are also obtained to be sent to the laboratory. Stop the introduction carbon dioxide into the abdominal cavity and remove residual CO2. All ports are removed, and the remaining incisions are sutured in 2-3 layers.

Complications and outcome

Possibly moderate or heavy bleeding from damage to the cystic artery or vessels of the liver, but it can be avoided with careful dissection. In general, it is recommended that the incision plane be closer to the gallbladder than to the liver parenchyma, since bleeding is more likely with small accidental liver incisions.
It is also possible to rupture the hepatic duct with an accidental dissection of the liver parenchyma. Bile may leak from the bile duct during the procedure, or after the procedure if clamps or ligatures are applied incorrectly. Therefore, it is necessary to pay Special attention careful ligation and inspect the cystic duct after the procedure.
Common bile duct obstruction is likely if a mucus plug or stone is present in the common bile duct. However, careful patient selection will prevent this complication.

Mayhew P. D., Mehler S. J., Radhakrishnan A. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy of uncomplicated gall bladder mucocele in six dogs. Vet Surg, 2008; 37:625–630.
Monnet E. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 16 dogs: Short-term outcome. Proceedings of the Veterinary Endoscopy Society Annual Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, April 12–14, 2015.
Scott J., Singh A., Mayhew P. D., Case J. B., et al. Peri-operative outcome and complications following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in dogs: 20 cases (2008–2015). Scientific Presentation Abstracts: 2016. Veterinary Endoscopy Society 13th Annual Scientific Meeting, Jackson Hole, Wyoming, June 12–14, 2016.

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Cholagogue Means

Substances that increase the output of bile in duodenum are called choleretic. An increase in bile output may be due to the following reasons:

1) increase the formation of bile in the liver and increase its enzymatic activity. This is how essential oils, allochol, stigmas of corn, immortelle flowers act. These agents have a stimulating effect on hepatic cells and neurohumoral regulation of bile formation;

2) restoration of the tone of the bile ducts and gallbladder, in connection with which the excretion of bile into the intestine increases. This is how they act antispasmodics(atropine, papaverine, etc.), Carlsbad salt, magnesium sulfate. The influence of substances of this type is reduced to a mechanical facilitation of the movement of bile along the excretory tract;

3) anti-inflammatory action of chemotherapeutic and antiseptics, also contributing to the restoration of the liver and bile ducts and increased bile secretion.

Bile formation is regulated by the central nervous system and autonomic innervation. Substances that excite the central nervous system and parasympathetic innervation, increase bile formation, and substances that depress the central nervous system and excite sympathetic innervation reduce bile secretion. Cholinolytic substances inhibit bile formation, but, by relaxing the tone of the muscles of the biliary tract and sphincter, they facilitate the excretion of bile. Substances that relax spasms of smooth muscles also act: magnesium sulfate, Karlovy Vary salt. Sulfates, entering the duodenum, irritate its receptors and cause the so-called bladder reflex - contraction of the gallbladder and increased peristalsis of the biliary tract. Magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate also increase bile formation.

Bile itself, bile acids and their salts, acting on the duodenum, reflexively increase bile formation. Excite the formation of bile hydrochloric acid, many hormones and enzymes. To enhance the excretion of bile, substances that dilute bile are used: sodium bicarbonate, sabur, alkaline mineral waters. Many cholagogues act in combination. Choleretic drugs are used in diseases of the liver and biliary tract.

Allohol - Allocholum. Tablets containing dry animal bile (0.08 g), dry extract of garlic (0.04 g), dry extract of nettle (0.005 g) and Activated carbon(0.025 g). Produced in tablets of 0.3 g.

Action. Allochol stimulates the secretory activity of the liver, increases the tone of the biliary tract, revitalizes the secretion and motility of the intestine, acts as an anti-fermenter and anti-putrefactive in the gastrointestinal canal.

Apply with chronic inflammation of the liver, biliary tract and gallbladder.

Doses inside: for dogs - 1-2 tablets, for cats - 0.25-0.5 tablets. Assign 3 times a day after feeding.

Dehydrocholic acid - Acidum dehydrocholicum. White crystalline powder with a bitter taste. It is difficult to dissolve in water, soluble in alcohol. Produced in tablets of 0.2 g.

Action. It belongs to the group of bile acids that stimulate the production of bile by the liver cells.

Apply at chronic inflammation liver, bile ducts and gallbladder. Contraindicated in acute and subacute liver dystrophies.
Doses inside (g): horses - 3-6, pigs - 1-3, dogs - 0.2-2.0. Assign 3 times a day.

Corn silk - Stigmata Maydis. Corn columns with stigmas, harvested during the ripening of corn cobs. The stigmas contain stigmasterol, systosterol, essential oil, vitamins C and K.

Action. Corn stigmas increase the secretion of bile, reduce its viscosity, stimulate contractions of the gallbladder, increase blood clotting and act as a diuretic.

Apply as a choleretic and diuretic for inflammation of the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts. As a choleretic, diuretic and milk purifier, it is good to use corn silage harvested during the milky ripeness of corn cobs for large and small animals. Dried stigmas of corn are used in the form of infusion 1:10 or 1:20.
Doses inside (g): horses - 30-60, sheep and pigs - 20-40, dogs - 10-20. Assign 3 times a day in the form of infusion or collection with food.

Holenzim - Cholenzymum. Tablets containing dry bile (1 part), dried powders of the pancreas and intestines of slaughter cattle (1 part each).

Active and is used as a choleretic agent for inflammation of the liver, biliary tract and gallbladder. It is also prescribed for inflammation of the stomach and intestines.

Dose: dogs - 0.5-1 tablet 2-3 times a day.

Sand immortelle flowers - Flores Helichrysi arenarii. The baskets of wild-growing immortelle (cumin) sand collected before blooming of flowers contain flavonoids, glycosides, essential oil, vitamins K and C, carotene.

Action. Excite the liver, enhance bile formation, increase the tone of the gallbladder and bile ducts, increase secretory function stomach and pancreas.

Apply as a choleretic agent in diseases of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts. Assign in the form of a collection, infusion and extract.

Doses (g): large cattle 15-40, pigs - 2-5, dogs 0.5-1. Assign 2-3 times a day.

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Why is cholecystitis dangerous in dogs? Who knows what is the largest and heaviest gland in a dog's body? Of course, the liver! We can say that this is the internal kitchen of the body in which the process of preparing food for digestion takes place - special enzymes break down the incoming product and send it for further processing to the intestines.

Cholecystitis in dogs and its symptoms

Cholecystitis in dogs can often pass without any signs, but there are symptoms that should make loving host alert:

A sharp drop in appetite;
Frequent indigestion, vomiting;
Yellowness of the mucous membranes;
The pet may look lethargic, apathetic, the dog feels uncomfortable when the veterinarian tries to put pressure on the liver;
The thermometer readings rise in a short period of time;
Often there may be jaundice.

course data signs may indicate other diseases, and therefore it is necessary to refer to veterinarian who can supply accurate diagnosis after taking biomaterials for analysis. In particular, the doctor may suggest taking a blood and urine test for more specific information. You should not self-medicate suspecting cholecystitis in a pet. This disease is diagnosed and treated exclusively with the help of a veterinarian.

Is there a cure for cholecystitis in dogs?

bile ducts

magnesium sulfate;
hexamethylenetetramine;
holagon;
allochol;
tincture of corn silk.

no-shpu;
atropine sulfate;
other antispasmodics.

pain syndrome

baralgin;
analgin;
bellalgin;
besalol and others.

At the end of treatment general well-being is significantly improved by thermal physiotherapeutic procedures, the purpose of which is the resorption of exudate, improving blood circulation, reducing discomfort. Treat cholecystitis in dogs Only a specialist should administer prescribed drugs.

Preventive measures to prevent cholecystitis in dogs

So that the pet does not know what kind of disease it is, you need to carefully try, but the results are worth it: shiny wool, active behavior, joyful sparks in the eyes will certainly pay off your work. First of all, you need to do the following:

Maintain a variety of pet foods.
Control the content in it beneficial vitamins and especially vitamin A.
It is necessary to treat diseases that can lead to blockage of blood vessels in time.
For treated dogs, the quality of food is very important, do not save money, if the animal is natural, then all products should be the freshest, and the food should be premium.

Where should I go for a diagnosis of suspected cholecystitis in dogs?

The veterinary center "Ya-VET" friendly opened its doors to numerous visitors, because this is one of the few places where you can get help in the diagnosis of cholecystitis in dogs. Treatment should be professional, using all possible currently techniques. As a rule, the doctor uses several diagnostic methods in order to establish the cause of the disease and the diagnosis itself:

Visual inspection - the animal should be of a dense physique, active, affably waving its tail, and the coat should be even and without bald spots.
Assignment of tests - a classic blood and urine test will help to get an accurate picture of the health of the animal.
Making a verdict and prescribing treatment, as well as physiological procedures aimed at improving well-being.
Maintaining a pet and regular examinations in the doctor's office to assess changes in health status.

remember, that 90% of cases of cholecystitis are host-related., and therefore it is recommended to carefully follow the diet prescribed by the doctor. For example, if a dog is on a natural diet, and treated dogs are prescribed chicken or selected fresh meat - do not think that they are joking with you, they are bred for money. Cholecystitis in dogs is not completely cured, but you can maintain health if you meticulously follow all personal prescriptions and doctor's recommendations.

Can cholecystitis in dogs be treated at home?

Currently, veterinary medicine is developing at a rapid pace, and what used to seem like science fiction is now quite feasible. Cholecystitis in dogs at home is treated in the following way:

The animal is visited by a veterinarian;
Palpation, visual inspection is carried out;
The necessary tests are taken;
Through a short time a verdict is issued and the necessary treatment is prescribed.

As you can see, everything is extremely simple, just leave a request on the site or call yourself in order to get an ambulance veterinary care Houses!

Do you know what internal gland in our body is also the largest? The liver, of course! The list of its functions exceeds more than a dozen positions, and scientists say that the role of the liver is still not fully understood. But everyone knows for sure that normal digestion is impossible without it, since the bile secreted by the liver is very important in the enzymatic breakdown of food. Not surprisingly, the same cholecystitis in dogs can lead to numerous problems.

Cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder. Very often it is “combined” with cholecystolithiasis, that is, stones are additionally present in the organ. Due to inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gallbladder, the latter cannot provide normal operation biliary system, often this is accompanied by congestion in it, which is fraught with cholemia or even rupture of the gallbladder. In a word, it's not pleasant. So why does it appear this pathology, what are its signs and how to treat? Read on for all of this!

What causes it?

As with humans, nutrition is the main factor. This is especially well manifested in those dogs that have been eating exclusively dry food throughout their “conscious” life. There is also nothing good in eating "from the master's table." When a doggie (this is especially true small breeds) are constantly fed with peppered sausage, smoked fish and other delicacies, nothing good happens. Obesity often occurs, even more often it is accompanied by the same cholecystitis. Oddly enough, but many ordinary people and even veterinarians believe that the main cause of the disease is some infectious diseases(both acute and chronic).

Read also: The dog's eyes are swollen: causes and methods of treatment

Once again returning to the topic of infectious etiology of cholecystitis. We emphasize once again that as a result infectious diseases it rarely occurs ... but because of inflammatory phenomena in the intestines, this happens quite often. The reasons are simple: if the bile ducts remain open, germs can enter directly into the bladder directly through them. In particular, this arises chronic cholecystitis in dogs. More precisely, in old dogs, which in some cases almost without exception suffer from chronic enteritis.

Read also: Adenovirus in dogs: symptoms and treatments

Finally, we have already talked about stones. If the dog has them, but no treatment has been carried out, then cholecystitis will occur with a probability of almost 100%. The fact is that the edges of neoplasms are rarely smooth. Rolling in the cavity of the organ, they injure its shell. This causes not only wild bouts of pain in dogs, but also leads to the fact that bile simply begins to corrode the damaged mucous membranes. As a result - acute cholecystitis in dogs.

Contributing factors

Oddly enough, but the diet can be not only direct cause development of the disease, but also the main predisposing factor. It's all about the vitamins. More precisely, in carotene. If the diet is low in this substance, all the mucous membranes in the body (including the gallbladder) can be exposed to degenerative changes, since vitamin A is essential for their timely regeneration.

Clinical signs

What are the symptoms that indicate the development of the disease? In general, they are fairly typical of all liver diseases. First, the dog becomes lethargic, eats little and reluctantly. He drinks well, but he does not feel much joy from this. Urine very often becomes like Orange juice(a lot of bilirubin), but the feces, on the contrary, are pale, since stercobilin simply does not get into it. In addition, there are constant digestive disorders, up to severe profuse diarrhea. By the way, what does dark stool in a dog with cholecystitis? In general, this indicates the preservation of the patency of the bile ducts (which is good), but suggests that the cholecystitis was "initiated" by enteritis, which has now worsened. In other words, one might suspect intestinal bleeding(which is really bad). Get to the vet immediately!