Study of the harmful effects of antibiotics on the body. Why are antibiotics dangerous?

Most people take antibiotics lightly, simply as a pill that easily cures a cold.

In fact, this is serious medicinal product. And the harm that antibiotics cause to the body is often not justified.

As is known, the first antibiotic was isolated from molds, and was a toxin that destroys the microbial cell. The first antibiotics were quite weak and “worked” for a very short period of time.

Modern pharmacology has stepped far forward. Modern antibiotics are capable of killing most known microorganisms and have for a long time actions. On medical language they are called "long-acting antibiotics" wide range actions".

And it’s great that there are such powerful and easy-to-use drugs. It would seem that thanks to such drugs, any infectious disease- no problem. However, we are increasingly faced with the fact that even the most expensive and strong drugs powerless in the fight against the disease.

Why are antibiotics harmful? How to minimize harm

Unfortunately, this is not the fault of charlatan pharmacists or super-strong pathogenic microbes. We ourselves are to blame for this. Ask yourself, how often have you lowered your temperature by taking an antibiotic? Have you gotten rid of abdominal pain and nausea with the help of Sulgin or Levomecithin tablets? Not once or twice, unfortunately.

The course of antibiotics must be complete and continuous. IN otherwise We greatly help the bacteria that terrorize our body. A single dose or an incomplete course of treatment with these drugs “hardens” the bacteria, making them stronger and more resistant.

How we “accustom” the body to antibacterial drugs

The thing is that bacteria in the body do not live one or two at a time, but in colonies of thousands and millions of cells. They constantly divide, giving life to new microbes. This means that they are constantly released outside, i.e. into our body, the products of our vital activity are toxins.

The body turns on a protective reaction - it increases the temperature, because... bacteria and viruses die at temperatures above 37 degrees Celsius. And then we take the medicine. The antibiotic is quickly absorbed into the blood, distributed throughout the body and begins to work.

Bacteria die, less and less toxins are released, the temperature drops and we calm down. We think that everything is behind us and interrupt the course of treatment. And at this time, pathogenic microorganisms are still present in the body. They are weakened, there are few of them, but they exist. And as soon as the effect of the antibiotic stops, the bacteria begin to multiply again.

But that's not the worst thing. The scary thing is that the bacterial cell is constantly changing under the influence of the environment, adapting to changing conditions. It also adapts to antibiotics.

She can begin to produce special enzymes that bind this antibiotic, turning it into a substance that is safe for itself. She can grow an additional layer of membrane that will protect her from the effects of the drug. Or maybe even incorporate the antibiotic protein chain into your genome or learn to feed on it.

Simply put, the bacteria “gets used” to the antibiotic and is no longer afraid of it. Those. next time this drug simply won’t work. It won't cure.

Avoiding these dire consequences is not so difficult. You just need to complete the course of antibiotic treatment.

The fact is that a bacterial cell also has its own life expectancy. If division does not occur, it dies. The duration of this life is 7-10 days. That is why the course of antibiotics lasts on average a week. During this time, the body is completely cleared of infection. A bacterium that has managed to “get used” to a new antibiotic does not go into environment. This means that it does not find a new victim and does not begin a repeated cycle of development and reproduction.

Dysbacteriosis from taking antibiotics

Another unpleasant side effect of taking oral antibiotics is dysbiosis. Getting into gastrointestinal tract, the antibiotic is partially absorbed into the blood and partially destroyed in the stomach. And partially falls into the thin one, and then into colon, in which microorganisms that are friendly to us live.

Modern antibiotics have a very wide spectrum of action. AND normal microflora The intestines also fall under this “spectrum”. They kill her too. But, as they say, a holy place is never empty. Others come to take the place freed from friendly microbes. The balance of microorganisms is disrupted and develops. And it, in turn, threatens us with decreased immunity, indigestion, constipation, problems with skin and nails.

How to take antibiotics without harm to health or at least minimize it

In connection with all of the above, I would like to provide some tips on the use of antibiotics:

1. If you have a cold, don’t rush to buy antibiotics. Firstly, colds often have viral nature, and antibiotics are powerless against the virus. Secondly, a fever of no higher than 38 degrees helps the body cope with the disease on its own.

2. If the temperature rises above 38 degrees, it needs to be brought down. But this must be done with the help of antipyretics, such as paracetamol. The indication for taking an antibiotic is persistent fever for 4-5 days. And ONLY a doctor prescribes them.

3. If the doctor has prescribed a course of antibiotics, you must complete it. Even if on the second day of taking the drug you feel better, and on the third you feel completely healthy.

4. When taking a course of antibiotics, combine it with taking medications against dysbacteriosis. The doctor will prescribe what to take after antibiotics to restore the microflora. Typically these are drugs containing beneficial bacteria. For example, antibiotic therapy is, etc.

Do not self-medicate, an antibiotic is a serious drug and its illiterate use can, on the contrary, aggravate the situation and only harm the body.

The word "antibiotic" comes from the Latin words "anti" - "against" and "bio" - life. Antibiotics are substances that selectively suppress vital functions some microorganisms. Currently, more than a hundred types of antibiotics are known, but only a few of them are used in medicine, because antibiotics are poisonous not only for microorganisms, but also for the human body.

Unfortunately, now for any ailments (runny nose, cough, headache) they begin to use antibiotics. Naturally, this causes great harm to the body! With this kind of disease, you should not buy the first antibiotic you come across, but you should try to be treated with drugs for plant based. These broad-spectrum medications boost immunity while suppressing infections. And you can certainly forget about antibiotics if you lead a healthy lifestyle.

By the way, it was “thanks to” the uncontrolled use of antibiotics that many bacteria simply stopped taking them “seriously.” So-called multidrug resistance occurs. It would seem how many formidable infections people have been able to defeat thanks to the use of antibiotics! However, the optimism of doctors soon gave way to anxiety: antibiotics seemed to become a breeding ground for bacteria, which successfully learned the experience of previous generations and acquired protection from drugs. According to scientists, if our attitude towards antibiotics does not change, by 2015 all known varieties will simply cease to work.

Meanwhile, for acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in children, antibiotic treatment is required in only 6-8% of cases. The point is that when viral infection antibiotics are simply useless and, besides adverse reactions, they will not give anything to the body. Unfortunately, the frequency of appointment antimicrobials in children with ARVI is very high: according to scientists from the Research Institute of Pediatrics of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 65-85%) and in hospitals 98% of children are prescribed antibiotics.

Uncontrolled use of medication could lead to undesirable consequences. The use of antibiotics can be considered justified when we're talking about about a really serious bacterial (not viral!) infection. In all other cases, it is advisable to use other means.

There are a number of diseases that can currently only be cured with the use of antibiotics. This is mycoplasma lung infection, chlamydia, infective endocarditis and many others. You cannot do without antibiotics for pyelonephritis, sore throat, pneumonia, otitis, sinusitis, abscess, phlegmon, sepsis. If these diseases are not treated with antibiotics, they can be very serious complications, for example, from acute form pneumonia and sinusitis become chronic, sore throat transforms into rheumatism or nephritis.

If you start taking antibiotics, do so only as prescribed by your doctor and in strict accordance with the prescribed dose and duration of treatment. It happens that some people independently refuse antibiotics after several days of treatment, having barely felt an improvement, believing that this will reduce the risk to a minimum. side effects from these medications. Never do this, otherwise the disease may recur. In addition, when you subsequently take the same antibiotics, it may turn out that they do not work, since microorganisms have already learned to fight them during their first “collision” with the drugs.

And remember: harmless drugs does not exist! They are useful only when there is really a need for them, subject to correct dosage and optimal duration of treatment. Do not succumb to advertising and do not prescribe medications yourself, on the advice of friends or relatives.

Medicines should only be prescribed by a doctor!

IN different sources You can find a lot of information proving the harm of antibiotics. Why do doctors continue to prescribe these drugs? At the beginning of the 20th century, penicillin was invented, which saved great amount patients who, without this drug, were doomed to death. The benefits of the discovery for all humanity were enormous. And now there are diseases that cannot be overcome by other means. If you treat any medications as a very dangerous but effective weapon against bacteria, use them only in severe cases and strictly adhere to the doctor’s instructions, you can heal quickly, and negative effects minimize.

Creation of antibiotics and their properties

Bacteria are needed by living nature; without them, the earth would long ago be littered with mountains of fallen leaves, fallen trees, and animal corpses. Not visible to the eye Recyclers decompose dead organisms and turn them into fertile soil. The human body also contains many types of beneficial microorganisms. Without them, the digestive system will not be able to function properly, and the immune system will weaken.

Without knowing it, we all use natural antibiotics. A person does not always notice that some product has already begun to mold, and with a piece of bread he swallows thousands of fungi from which the first generation drugs were prepared. These medications did not make the body completely sterile from all microorganisms: natural microflora The body has more than once been exposed to spores floating in the air, the fungi themselves that live on spoiled foods and in damp corners, and has adapted to it. The course of treatment did not kill all microbes indiscriminately, and when the disease subsided, the microflora quickly recovered.

People were delighted with the wonderful medicine and began to take it uncontrollably. Often they did not complete the course, part dangerous bacteria remained alive. Livestock specialists began feeding animals with the drug to prevent infections and speed dial weight. Meat came to people as food, and with it chemical compounds. New generations of microbes have already acquired resistance to penicillin. Scientists had to invent other drugs that act even worse on the human body.

Medicines produced from natural raw materials have been replaced by stronger synthetic drugs. These drugs destroy all microorganisms, digestive tract becomes sterile and cannot function normally. After treatment, beneficial microflora is restored slowly; doctors often recommend special food. The body weakens, immunity declines, and the person becomes permanent patient doctors

Harm of antibacterial drugs

Science has not yet created a medicine that has a targeted effect only on pathogenic bacteria. For treatment severe infections patients are prescribed strong antibiotics, otherwise the person may die. When taking these medications, there is a risk of side effects:

• weakened immunity;
• irritation of the mucous membranes of the digestive tract;
• exacerbations of stomach and intestinal ulcers;
• death of beneficial microflora;
• allergy;
• dysfunction of the liver and kidneys;
• nervous disorders.

Antibiotics were created to be used in cases where other medications would not work. They should be used only in extreme situations, but people want to recover quickly and can take them for any reason. potent drugs. The body loses the habit of fighting on its own, and the next generations of microbes only strengthen their immunity.

It wouldn't be so scary if the harm of antibiotics only affected people who abused them. Microbes that have developed immunity to the drug can enter the body of all family members: pregnant women, children, people with chronic diseases. Now they will need strong medications. The infection will spread when traveling in transport or attending public events.

Destructions in the body

To understand why antibiotics are harmful, you can trace the path of one tablet in the human body. You swallow the medicine, it goes into the stomach. It’s good if there is food there and the mucous membrane is protected, but even in this case active secretion occurs gastric juice. The acid corrodes the walls and wounds form on them. Over time, gastritis and stomach ulcers develop. The drug enters the intestines and begins to destroy all microflora there. They die and beneficial microbes, which break down food, and bacteria designed to fight infectious agents.

Chemical compounds enter the blood and are distributed to all organs. On their way there is a neutralizing filter: the liver. She fights toxins, while she suffers. Cells protective organ millions die, but it is very difficult for them to recover. Some of the poisons exit through the kidneys, which are also negatively affected.

The harm of antibiotics does not end there. With the blood they spread to all organs, enter the nervous system and the brain. The person may experience dizziness, memory difficulties and mental activity. If medication is necessary, doctors often prescribe medications or supplements that soften the negative impact. Do not purchase medications selectively; take everything that is prescribed to you.

Danger to children and pregnant women

Pregnant and lactating women should remember that all substances that enter the body are transferred to the fetus or infant. Future mom cured quickly slight cold, and then wonders why the child was born weak and sickly. In severe cases, miscarriages or the birth of a child with serious pathologies are possible. When carrying a baby, any medicine must be taken as prescribed by a doctor, and antibiotics are prescribed only in exceptional cases with a thorough analysis of their effect on the fetus.

If the baby is breastfeeding, the mother's use of antibiotics can cause the same side effects in the baby as in an adult. Only they will occur in a more severe form, they can affect the development of the child and even lead to his death. For sick children, antibacterial drugs are prescribed in exceptional cases; treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.

If the illness is not severe, it does not require treatment urgent measures, you can do without chemical medications and cure your child without harm to health. In nature, you can find antibiotics that neutralize infection without affecting beneficial microflora.

Contact your herbalist, he may prescribe:

• in combination with ;
• green walnut fruits;
• silver.

Indications for antibiotic treatment

Antibiotics are harmful and dangerous, but they cannot be completely rejected either. Imagine if all these medicines disappeared from the world. The mortality rate will increase many times over fatal outcome even a small infected wound. People will die even from diseases that doctors knew how to treat a century and a half ago. In those days, the body had to fight infections on its own; immunity was higher. Now vaccinations and medications have “spoiled” a person, the immune system I forgot how to mobilize everything in case of danger protective forces to fight.

If you have a minor cold, you can drink it and the aloe leaf will draw out the pus from the abscess. When the disease does not pose a great danger, it is better to do without medications. This way you will not only reduce the flow into the blood harmful substances, but also teach your body not to rely on the help of chemistry, but to throw all its strength into fighting the disease. But in case of a serious illness, even a small dose of the drug will have an effective effect on the body.

Antibiotics are needed when a person:

• pneumonia;
• tuberculosis;
• intestinal infections;
• venereal diseases;
• ulcers, boils, infected wounds;
• blood poisoning.

These drugs do not act on viruses. During epidemics of influenza or ARVI, they will not protect against infection and will not cure the patient. The doctor may prescribe antibiotics if there is viral disease develops bacterial infection. The patient cannot independently determine what causes the disease; all medications must be taken only as prescribed by a specialist.

You need to be especially careful when treating a child. It is advisable to find a good pediatrician during pregnancy who will not give the baby unnecessary chemicals, but in time he will see that it is impossible to do without drugs. This doctor will observe the baby from birth, learn all its characteristics and, in case of a serious illness, prescribe the most gentle drug.

How to reduce harm from taking drugs

If the doctor nevertheless prescribed antibiotics, and you doubt the need for their use, you can seek advice from another specialist. Not all doctors have sufficient knowledge and experience; sometimes they just want to insure against possible complications. Never take strong medications yourself, no matter how great the temptation to get well quickly. It’s better to rest for a couple of extra days so that the body recovers naturally.

If you need to take potent drugs, keep the harm of antibiotics to a minimum. First of all, listen carefully to your doctor's instructions on how to take the medicine and follow his recommendations. Remember that doctors and pharmacists can also make mistakes or forget to give all the prescriptions.

Observe the following rules.

• When purchasing, make sure that the dose of the tablet or the concentration of the solution corresponds to the values ​​​​written in the recipe.
• Read the instructions, especially the section on contraindications and compatibility with other drugs, and if you have the diseases listed there, consult your doctor.
• IN empty stomach the drug will irritate the mucous membranes, eat before taking small portion food.
• Take the medicine neat boiled water, if the instructions do not recommend another liquid.
• Alcohol is incompatible with many medications, choose one thing: either drink or get treatment.
• Even if you are fully recovered, go full course to destroy all pathogenic bacteria.

The author of the site Рolzateevo.ru figured out the issue and learned how to restore beneficial microorganisms during antibiotic treatment. While taking medications, it is recommended to take nutritional supplements with lactobacilli and probiotics.

Doctors have repeatedly raised the issue that the bulk of drugs should be sold only by prescription. They do this not to force the patient into the clinic once again. If one person takes antibiotics uncontrollably, only he will feel bad. When such a phenomenon becomes widespread, the population unconsciously begins to carry out a selection experiment: breed pathogenic microbes, which are not affected by any drugs. Scientists have to synthesize medications that kill all living things, including human body. Have pity on your children and grandchildren, do not take antibiotics unless absolutely necessary.

After treatment with antibiotics, the body needs recovery. Antibiotics are separate group drugs intended to combat pathogens. These medications are used for serious illnesses like otitis, sore throat, pneumonia and purulent infections.

Antibiotics can protect against complications after treatment. Their purpose is to help the body, or more precisely, its immune system in the process of neutralizing the pathogen. However, the specific nature of these drugs implies quite severe consequences their reception. Therefore, it is important to know how best to take and carry them out. recovery after antibiotics, normalization of the body's activity.
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Antibiotic treatment, consequences

Basic rules for taking antibiotics

Adverse reactions are expressed as disruptions in activity human organs and systems, which is often provoked drug therapy. Negative influence antibiotics ends with the end of treatment, however, the body may also need restoration.

Among all groups of antibiotics, we can distinguish the most low-toxic ones, such as penicillins, and the most potent ones. However, the degree of their influence will still be determined individual characteristics body.

Harm from antibacterial therapy can be minimized if you strictly follow the attached instructions and follow the doctor's recommendations. After examining the patient, the doctor will determine for him optimal dose medications, frequency and method of administration. Minimize side effect You can if you follow the rules for taking antibiotics:

Take the drug strictly at a certain time so as not to violate the certain concentration active substance and not cause pathogens to become addicted to it;

Digestive disorders

Treatment with antibiotics often causes complications and difficulties in the functioning of organs. digestive system: diarrhea, constipation, flatulence, nausea, cramps, etc. Data adverse reactions often accompany treatment with broad-spectrum drugs.

This is explained by the irritating effect active substances on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, and most often it manifests itself in drugs in the form of capsules and tablets. Injections do not have such a side effect, and in such cases the drugs are taken after meals, then discomfort can be avoided.

When the course of treatment is completed, digestive problems disappear. Otherwise, there is reason to talk about a violation of the intestinal microflora, in other words, about dysbiosis. This is due to the very purpose of antibiotics: they destroy all microorganisms, including beneficial ones, those that live in the intestines and are involved in normalizing its work.

After some time, dysbiosis self-liquidates, in other words, the microflora is restored without any third-party intervention. But you can speed up this process if you take a course of probiotics - drugs enriched with live bacteria. Often the therapist prescribes them as an accompanying agent to antibiotics.

In addition to disturbances in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, dysbiosis can manifest itself in other, more important areas. Malfunctions of the intestines block the production of serotonin, biotin, folic acid, vitamins B and K. In this regard, dysbiosis is often accompanied by vitamin deficiency, which can negatively affect the performance of many organs and entire systems. Therefore, it is advisable to take multivitamin complexes for some time after therapy.

Allergy

Recovery after antibiotics

At the end of therapy, restoration of the intestinal microflora is required. So not only will they disappear unpleasant signs, but the immune system will also become noticeably stronger, vitamins will be better absorbed and distributed throughout the body.

Recommended probiotic supplements include Bifiform, Hilak-Forte, Acipol, Linex. They contain lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. Correcting your diet will facilitate the rapid absorption of probiotics; this requires fiber, plant food, sour milk.

It is better to use, if possible, folk remedies: - natural antibiotic.

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Don't self-medicate!

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It would seem that there could be harm - that’s why it’s a medicine. However, at the moment everything more people They are beginning to realize the fact that, on the one hand, antibiotics cure, and on the other, they cripple. After all, each instruction contains a section about side effects, which sometimes threaten almost more dire consequences than, in fact, what the antibiotic is prescribed for..
The word "antibiotic" comes from the Latin words "anti" - against and "bio" - life. Antibiotics are substances that selectively suppress the vital functions of certain microorganisms. Currently, there are more than a hundred types of antibiotics, but only a few of them are used in medicine, because antibiotics are poisonous not only for microorganisms, but also for the human body as a whole. And in nature, they contribute to the spread of their producers, making room for them in the nutrient medium.
Of course, antibiotics do not bring less harm than good. More than one generation has already grown up on them, and what is the result: practically no healthy children, most of them have dysbiosis, a compromised immune system, and inability to digest certain foods. And the intestinal flora disrupted by excessive doses of antibiotics. You took, say, erythromycin to cure a sore throat. And then did you take Lactobacterin, Bifidumbacterin, Colibacterin, etc.? If not, then at age 60 or even earlier you will have big problems with the intestines.
Uncontrolled use of antibiotics can cause terrible damage to the body. It can be compared to a weapon mass destruction when everything dies along with the enemy civilians our body: beneficial microbes and “good” bacteria that strengthen immune protection, produce vitamins and enzymes, ensure the absorption of minerals and fatty acids etc. It is not for nothing that the very name of this medicine, which revolutionized medicine, is translated “against life.”
In the process of improving the drugs, it turned out that the drug kills only bacteria that are sensitive to it. The strongest of them survive, and mutation occurs in their cells. It turns out that every day the army of superbugs that are resistant to antibiotics is replenished. The most famous of them is familiar to everyone: we are talking about Staphylococcus aureus of our maternity hospitals, who “grew up” on serious antibiotics, and now nothing takes him.
Staphylococcus has not been defeated so far.
Antibiotics are powerless against viruses. Since most colds and acute respiratory infections have viral nature, it is completely pointless to try to fight them with antibiotics (for example, ampicillin, erythromycin) or other antibacterial drugs(biseptol, septrin, sulfonamides). The same can be said about the flu. The course of antibiotic therapy is usually 7 days, maximum two weeks. Then addiction occurs, and if the disease continues, the antibiotic must be changed to a stronger one. If a new outbreak of the disease occurs in a month or earlier, then a new drug is also prescribed.
I would like to note that the entire spectrum of “harmful” effects of antibiotics has not yet been fully studied, and it is likely that in the near future we will learn about other characteristics of antibiotics that are dangerous to human health.
Besides the strongest allergic reactions, which arise under the influence of drugs of this group, antibiotics have a detrimental effect on the life and health of patients using them.
Here are just a few examples of the insidious effects of antibiotics:
- streptomycin can cause damage to the auditory and vestibular system;
- biomycin gives complications to the digestive organs
- chloramphenicol inhibits hematopoiesis, which is extremely dangerous for human life when his body is already susceptible to infection
- antibiotics actively inhibit the vital functions of cells that produce protein (protein construction material embryo), because some mothers who used antibiotics during pregnancy gave birth to non-viable babies or freaks.
An already born baby may also be harmed when receiving antibiotics with mother's milk. As it turned out, mother and child are under harmful effects all drugs in this group without exception.
Here are just a few examples:
-children whose mothers used cyclofsatine suffer from impaired bone structure and softening
- aminoglucosides and tetracyclines damage the bones of children and their teeth: they are at risk of gum disease, caries (50% of such people by the age of 30 will be forced to insert artificial teeth)
- the “popular” antibiotic streptomycin, belonging to the same category, acts on brain activity baby and destabilizes speech functions for a long time
- septran causes gradual increase bilirubin in the newborn's intestines, which can lead to severe intestinal disorder, disruption of the digestive system and threatens the life of the baby
- penicillin causes severe allergies in 16% of newborns and also disrupts intestinal activity.
But not only are antibiotics harmful to health, their use also causes dependence on them. Once, having tried to get rid of pain with the help of antibiotics, a person is no longer able to refuse; a certain type drugs, more and more potent drugs are used, the body is completely healthy person may self-destruct.
But that's not all. “Thanks” to antibiotics, humanity is at risk of multidrug resistance. According to forecasts, if our attitude towards antibiotics does not change, by 2010 all known varieties will no longer work. The unbridled optimism of doctors, born after victories over dangerous infections thanks to antibiotics, gave way to amazement and anxiety: antibiotics seemed to become a tasty environment for bacteria, which successfully learned the experience of their “ancestors” and acquired protection from drugs.
The situation with the use of antibiotics in developing countries and republics is especially sad former USSR. In some countries, up to 90% of the population has become drug resistant. The figures in certain regions of Russia and Ukraine are also close to these data. Experts find a direct relationship between them and irrational bacterial therapy, which is prescribed by doctors, on the one hand, and the uncontrolled use of antibiotics in everyday life, on the other. Foreign doctors are horrified when they see how in our pharmacies you can now buy any antibiotic, even a strong one, without a prescription.
Now, unfortunately, it has become fashionable to use antibiotics for any ailment (runny nose, cough, headache). Is it worth talking about the harm that is caused to the human body? With this kind of disease, it is better not to grab the first antibiotic that comes along, but to think about healthy way life, turn to plant-based products. These broad-spectrum medications enhance the body's immunity and at the same time suppress infections. And then you can definitely forget about antibiotics.