Acquired asthma. How is asthma classified? Bronchial asthma: symptoms of the disease

Bronchial asthma is considered chronic disease with frequent relapses and with the obligatory symptom of suffocation, due to spasm and/or swelling of the bronchial mucosa.

The main cause of an attack of bronchial asthma is acquired increased sensitivity(sensitization) to external stimuli(for example, allergens), which causes the immune system to protect the body, even with harmless exposures, which, in turn, leads to an allergic reaction, and bronchospasm, swelling of the bronchi and an asthma attack.

Content:

Symptoms of bronchial asthma ^

The main signs and symptoms of bronchial asthma in adults and children are suffocation, wheezing whistling when breathing, shortness of breath, a feeling of chest congestion, cough - in some cases there may be others allergic reactions, for example urticaria, Quincke's edema, food allergy...may be sinusitis (inflammation paranasal sinuses nose) and polyposis (polyps - benign neoplasms in the nose), which speaks of the so-called asthmatic triad (aspirin-induced bronchial asthma).

During a prolonged attack, pain in the lower chest may occur due to tension in the diaphragm, cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes, and palpitations.

A common symptom of bronchial asthma in children is a cough, usually at night, but it can also be bronchitis.

Treatment of bronchial asthma^

Any treatment, including bronchial asthma, begins with diagnosis and examination. Experienced doctor can deliver preliminary diagnosis based on symptoms and signs that indirectly prove the presence of asthmatic disease. But in order to prescribe the adequate and most effective treatment asthma doctor may refer you for additional examination.

Medicines and inhalers for asthma ^

Symptomatic treatment - use of bronchodilators (or bronchodilators - medicinal dilators of the bronchi during their spasm and narrowing due to inflammation) during an asthma attack in the form of suffocation.

Alpha and beta adrenergic agonists are medications administered to the body in the form of inhalation of aerosols, injections and through the nose (intranasal) ...

Salbutamol (Ventolin)
Fenoterol (Berotec)
Orciprenaline sulfate (Astmopent or Alupent)
Izadrin
Salmeterol
Epinephrine
Adrenalin
Ephedrine

M-anticholinergics - drugs against bronchial asthma - muscarine antagonists - expand the lumen of the bronchi and reduce phlegm, affecting the relaxation of smooth muscles. They are administered orally in the form of tablets and solutions, intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, as well as by inhaling smoke, for example, so-called anti-asthmatic cigarettes made from belladonna, henbane and datura leaves...

Metacin
Atropine
Platyfillin
Belladonna

Methylxanthines are brocholytic drugs for asthma, introduced into the body in the form of solutions (intramuscular or intravenous injections), in the form of suppositories and tablets.

Teofedrine
Theophylline
Slo-fillin
Aminophylline
Diprophylline
Theo-dur

Medicines against bronchospasm, asthma allergic origin- these are glucocorticoids used as a strong antiallergic drug, usually used when other drugs do not help (usually in severe forms of the disease):

Prednisolone
Beclamethasone
Triamcinolone

These medications are used only as prescribed by a doctor.

Basic treatment of asthmatic disease:

Inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) - Budesonide (Pulmicort, Benacort, Budenit Steri-Neb); Cyclesonide (Alvesco); Beclomethasone dipropionate (Bekotide, Beklodzhet, Klenil, Beklazon Eco, Beklazon Eco Easy Breathing); mometasone furoate (Asmanex); Flunisolide (Ingacort); Triamcenolone acetonide; Fluticasone propionate (Flixotide)…
Cromones - (Sodium Cromoglycolate (Intal) and Nedocromil Sodium (Tyled)

Other methods of drug treatment of bronchial asthma are also used - according to indications after a complete diagnosis.

Diagnosis of bronchial asthma ^

A professional diagnosis of the disease will help you determine the type, degree and severity of bronchial asthma, on the basis of which a method will be determined for you basic treatment, prevention and increase in remission..., up to complete recovery.

What do you especially pay attention to when making a diagnosis? bronchial asthma»:

The patient complains of cough, shortness of breath, sometimes with the inability to breathe while lying down, attacks of suffocation...
Direct medical diagnosis: heart rate, shortness of breath, dry wheezing, increasing with exhalation... (the doctor will feel, listen...)
Diagnostics external respiration: spirometry (expiratory volume), peak flowmetry (expiratory speed)
Analysis of sputum, bronchial secretions, blood test...
Diagnosis of allergological status: skin, inhalation, conjunctival (tear secretions), nasal tests...

Also, a preliminary diagnosis can be made based on general clinical picture ()

Factors in the development of the disease^

It is possible to get bronchial asthma at any age - it depends on various external (exogenous) and internal (endogenous) factors.

Heredity. At hereditary predisposition- if someone in the family has asthma, it is considered that there is a high risk of developing so-called atopic bronchial asthma.
Profession. The development of the disease in certain professions, for example, where there are harmful factors such as bio and mineral dust, gases, steam, smoke, etc.
Ecology, habitat. It has been proven that, for example, in large cities and megalopolises, where there is increased smoke and gas pollution, the population is much more susceptible to pulmonary diseases, including asthmatic diseases, than in rural areas.
Food. The risk of getting sick in people who eat a healthy and balanced diet, consume plant foods, With normal fats, fiber and vitamins are much less than those who eat monotonously, fatty and carbohydrate foods, refined foods and semi-finished products, including fast food.
People who are obese are more likely to develop asthmatic disorder.
Household chemicals and microorganisms Detergents chemical origin, various aerosols, powders, etc. are provocateurs of the emergence pulmonary diseases. Also, the development of asthma is influenced by microorganisms and infections.
General lifestyle. Healthy image life, in most cases, provides significant protection against asthmatic disease.
Emotional and psychological state Neuroses, psychological disorders, depression, frequent stress, neuropsychic experiences, general unsettledness and dissatisfaction with life are not only provocateurs of bronchial asthma, but its fixator and amplifier...on long years…

Allergens and pollutants that aggravate the disease ^

The main substances that activate exacerbation of asthma are allergens, pollutants and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Plant pollen floating in the inhaled air
Regular and book dust indoors
Flying spores of micro-bends, wall mold, for example...
Animal fur
Epidermis (scaly exfoliation of skin that can be inhaled), human and animal dandruff
Dust mites
Especially, the listed allergens affect the disease of asthma in children under 3 years of age.
Physical activity and cold air

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as aspirin ( acetylsalicylic acid), can also be provocateurs of bronchial asthma and other allergic reactions.

Get diagnostics online ^

This diagnosis of bronchial asthma is based on the same signs and symptoms of the disease that your doctor will diagnose at your appointment (a doctor, of course, is better).

In the results you will see a preliminary diagnosis, but the main and accurate diagnosis which will show the type, degree and severity of bronchial asthma is possible only after full examination in the clinic as prescribed by a doctor.

Attention! Only after complete medical diagnostics and only a specialist (doctor) can prescribe adequate pharmacological treatment for bronchial asthma.

Take a pre-asthma test online

1. Do you have wheezing when you exhale?

2. Does your cough bother you at night?

3. Do you experience coughing and wheezing a few minutes after exercise?

4. Do you have a cough, dry wheezing, shortness of breath after contact with factors that provoke asthma (pollen, dust, animal hair, cold air, Strong smell, aerosols, gases and fumes, smoke, etc., including taking aspirin...)?

5. Is there a transition of infection during colds from the upper respiratory tract to the lower sections?

6. Do symptoms improve after taking anti-asthma medications?

Help with bronchial asthma ^

Emergency care during an attack of bronchial asthma consists, first of all, in providing medical care: As a rule, asthmatics already have special inhalers that relieve bronchospasms and/or other antiallergic (antihistamine) drugs and others pharmacological agents, often prescribed individually by a doctor.

Secondly, by eliminating the provoking source, usually a person during an asthmatic attack must leave the room where there is an allergen or other provocateur, for example cold air, or, during physical activity, go into a state of rest...

If necessary, call an ambulance emergency assistance and/or go to a medical facility.

First psychological help during an asthma attack is to provide emotional support and possible reassurance to a person experiencing stress and possibly fear of death from suffocation...

It is important for the person providing psychological support to be more or less calm (especially parents of small children), because With your fears and worries, you can increase the patient’s feelings and attack of bronchial asthma (and in a child, fix in his head the expectation of something terrible and terrible).

Psychotherapy of allergic asthma - REAL CURE ^

Extremely effective method Treatment of bronchial asthma of the exogenous (external), allergic type is psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. This can often be combined with medication, drug therapy, especially on initial stage psychotherapeutic intervention.

The thing is that many, acquired in childhood or during adult life, allergic diseases, including exogenous asthma, often become chronic, with short remission and constant relapses, precisely because of psychogenic factors.

For example, a person, as a small child, lived in conditions that provoked the disease bronchial asthma (constant influence of allergens due to the environment, poor nutrition, contaminated or, on the contrary, in extremely clean rooms, washed with bleach, etc.) and he developed a certain disease, manifested only in the form of a cough, especially at night.

Doctors suspected bronchitis or asthma, maybe others allergic manifestations and they said “horror things” to the parents, who, greatly frightened and worried, passed on their fear to the child - the emotion of fear was fixed with its source, as it were, a cough, remaining for many years in the subconscious.

Having experienced stress, fear and nervous shock, the child, as he grew older and intensified psychological reactions even to an ordinary non-pathological cough, began to “wind up”, intensify his fears and, along with them, allergic and asthmatic manifestations.

The allergy began to develop almost in geometric progression, leading the disease to attacks of suffocation and the inability to tolerate the most harmless allergens. The disease began to be psychosomatic in nature, although it was still treated with pharmacology (which, of course, did not lead to success).

Then it could come to panic attacks, intensifying the attacks, sometimes to such an extent that the usual medications no longer helped... which caused new stress and fears. As a result, it could be formed vicious circle panic (fear of fears themselves, activating bronchial asthma and/or other allergies out of nowhere.

In other words, the key to triggering asthma attacks is not in the body, which reacts to allergen irritants, but in the psyche, or more precisely, in the subconscious.

In short, psychotherapeutic treatment of exogenous, allergic asthma in many cases leads to success - complete recovery, and in extreme cases, severe cases- to complete control over seizures with a minimum medicines.

If you want to finally get rid of bronchial asthma and other allergies, contact a psychoanalyst online (make an appointment on the main page of the site http://site)

If the doctor prescribes treatment using a nebulizer, you need to learn how to use it and instruct all family members and nursery workers. If the child is small, then it is advisable to use nebulizers specially made for children.

Breathing with a nebulizer is done through a mouthpiece and/or through a face mask. During mask inhalation, part of the medicine may be lost, settling in the child’s nasal cavity. Therefore, a face mask is used for infants. Unless your child is experiencing a sudden severe asthma attack, you should first put on the mask and then turn on the compressor. If your child is having a severe attack, hold the mask close enough to their face, then slowly put it on. If you hold the nebulizer a few centimeters from the child’s face, the desired effect will not be achieved, because an insufficient amount of the drug will enter the respiratory tract. The sprayed drug should go directly into the lungs, so the mask should be pressed tightly to the child’s face and cover not only the mouth, but also the nose. The air passing through the compressor can frighten a child. Try to distract the baby's attention - turn on music or a cartoon, give him toys or come up with any other types of entertainment.

If you fail, remain firm and persistent until you provide the child with the required dose of medicine. Even the youngest children quickly learn that nebulizer therapy brings them relief and begin to become calmer during the procedure.

Some children may experience dizziness or cough during inhalation. In these cases, it is necessary to stop inhalation and allow the child to calm down and rest. In case of more serious reactions, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Rules that make nebulizer therapy effective and protect your child from unpleasant accompanying reactions:

For inhalations, use only those solutions that are specially produced for these purposes and are available in pharmacies;
To prevent contamination inhalation solutions Before using them, it is necessary to thoroughly wash your hands with soap, if it is necessary to dilute medications, use sterile saline, disposable needles and syringes, and dilute medications immediately before each inhalation;
Medicines must be removed from the nebulizer after each inhalation, to do this, pour the remaining drug into the sink, then turn on the empty nebulizer for a few seconds and rinse it hot water or a special detergent (see manufacturer's instructions);
Sterilize the nebulizer according to the manufacturer's instructions; after sterilization, dry the device intended for family use in disassembled form at room temperature;
It is advisable to annually check the quality of the nebulizer, which must be specified when purchasing it at the place of purchase;
Before using the device, patients must learn how to operate it, either at the point of purchase or with the assistance of medical workers who recommended the purchase, or at the clinic at your place of residence.

What are the features of asthma treatment in young children (from two to five years old)?

For children of this age, the use of a nebulizer is key. The features of its use are the same as for infants. However, it must be borne in mind that during mask inhalation, part of the medicine may be lost, settling in the child’s nasal cavity. Therefore, it is preferable, when carrying out treatment with a nebulizer, to replace the mouthpiece of the mask as quickly as possible (according to age).

What are the features of asthma treatment in children aged 5 to 12 years?

Children over 5 years old can usually use a peak flow meter. This device allows you to objectively assess the position of the child’s lungs.

Daily peak flowmetry gives the doctor the opportunity not only to identify the onset of an exacerbation of asthma and prescribe appropriate therapy, but also to obtain an objective idea of the effectiveness of the treatment. In a conversation with a doctor, parents can support their description of the child’s asthma symptoms with specific indicators characterizing the degree of bronchial obstruction, which improves mutual understanding between the doctor and parents little patient, increasing the effectiveness of treatment as a whole.

What are the difficulties and how to overcome them when prescribing inhalers to children over 12 years of age?

Many asthmatic children over 12 years of age worry about their appearance, and their desire to be the same as everyone else can lead to insufficient treatment of asthma (or to ignoring it altogether). Sometimes teenagers do not want to use an inhaler even during an exacerbation of the disease.

To avoid such dangerous situations, it is necessary to persistently explain the importance of timely treatment, to use drugs that act for 12 or more hours a day, so that the child takes them in the morning before and in the evening after attending school. Talking to other teens with asthma can also be beneficial.

Is it possible for an asthmatic child to engage in sports and physical education?

Without a doubt. A diagnosis of asthma does not mean your child is destined to stay away from the playing field. Physical education is vital for a child's development, whether he or she is healthy or has asthma. Sports activities should take into account the nature of the disease; in particular, you cannot exercise in the cold air.

In addition, the doctor prescribes preventive medications. At physical exercise It is very important that the load be gradual. Performing warm-up exercises will reduce the risk of worsening symptoms.

Respiratory system disease inflammatory in nature With chronic course and the participation of different groups of cellular elements (T-lymphocytes, mastocytes, eosinophils, macrophages, dendritic cells) is called bronchial asthma (BA). It’s as if “bronchial” is adjacent to the word “asthma”, because there is another disease - cardiac asthma. This pathology develops by a different mechanism, and a clarification has been added to distinguish one asthma from another. This text deals exclusively with bronchial asthma.

The disease is quite severe and complex. Its main element is considered to be obstruction (narrowing) of the bronchi. Buying it is much easier than living with it later. However, with timely initiation of treatment, the pathology can be controlled.

Bronchial asthma is caused for various reasons(external and internal), can proceed as in mild form, and in extremely severe cases with complications, sometimes it can be controlled, sometimes it is problematic. Depending on these and a number of other factors, several classification signs of the disease have been developed.

The described disease belongs to the category of independent pathologies that prevent normal breathing. The main mechanism in pathogenesis is considered to be impaired bronchial reactivity, which can be caused by factors:

Specific (allergy/sensitization), that is, immunological.
Nonspecific, including infections.

Mandatory elements of the clinic for making a diagnosis of “bronchial asthma” are:

Bronchospasm.
Choking (in the form of attacks).
Hyperfunction of the submucosal glands of the respiratory tract (macrosecretion).
Swelling of the mucous lining of the bronchi.

Asthma attacks distinguish asthma from diseases such as obstructive and allergic bronchitis. Narrowing of the bronchi can be completely or partially reversible. The process normalizes spontaneously or as a result of drug treatment. It is provoked by so-called triggers - factors of external and internal environment(allergens, stress, strong odors, temperature changes), triggering the mechanism of bronchial obstruction.

The possibility of self-liquidation of an attack depends on the severity of the disease.

Classification by severity

The worsening of the pathological process caused by bronchial obstruction and suffocation is usually divided into stages:

Episodic attacks (intermittent form).
Constant mild/moderate/severe attacks (persistent form).

In the first case, attacks bother the patient approximately 1 time/7 days, at night 1–2 times/month. The attacks are short and not severe.

The mild constant (persistent) form is characterized by the repetition of attacks up to several times every 7 days, night attacks occur at least once every 14 days, disturb sleep, and reduce the patient’s physical activity. With a pathology of moderate severity, attacks bother the patient every day. Night attacks are also not uncommon; sleep, activity and quality of life of an asthmatic are significantly deteriorated. A severe form of persistent asthma is characterized by daily daytime and nighttime attacks, the patient is incapacitated, physical activity minimal.

The patient can tolerate status asthmaticus(life-threatening condition). It is characterized by:

Serious swelling of the bronchi.
Production of thick mucus with the risk of complete blockage of the respiratory tract.
Development of suffocation.

From suffocation, if the attack is not stopped in a timely manner, the patient may die. At any severity of the disease, the development of this complication is possible. This is what makes asthma so scary. Moreover, status asthmaticus takes two forms:

Metabolic.
Anaphylactic.

The first is much more common and is characterized by slow development from hours to days. The main role in its development is the blockade of bronchial beta2 receptors by intermediate metabolites, sympathomimetics or catecholamines.

The second develops almost instantly directly during contact with the allergen. But, fortunately, the metabolic variant is less common. Triggers include antibiotics, NSAIDs, enzymatic preparations, sulfonamides, drugs containing proteins). This form of status is characterized by general bronchospasm and asphyxia.

Etiological classification

Sometimes the causes of the disease are obvious, in some cases they cannot be established. But in order to successfully combat the problem, you need to understand what provokes an attack of bronchial asthma. That is why there is a generally accepted classification. There may be classic forms of asthma and its special types. Each is worth considering in more detail.

Classic shape

Depending on the factors that caused the disease, it is customary to distinguish the following forms of asthma: allergic (exogenous), non-allergic (endogenous), mixed origin, unspecified.

Bronchial asthma in its exogenous form develops as a result of allergens entering the respiratory system. This capacity may include:

Pollen.
Animal fur.
Mold.
Dust containing house mites and their metabolic products.
Irritants (irritating substances).

In some cases, exogenous bronchial asthma occurs in a special form - atopic. In this case, the allergic reaction that caused the disease is genetically determined. That is, the patient had a predisposition, which was realized under the influence of provoking factors. It may be early or late. IN the latter case the attack does not begin immediately, but after 60 minutes from the moment of contact with the allergen. The irritant variant of the disease is diagnosed if the effects of certain chemical substances provokes an attack, and exacerbations stop if the patient does not come into contact with an irritating chemical environment.

Endogenous bronchial asthma or non-allergic is caused by a number of external triggers:

Stressors.
Infectious agents.
Low ambient temperatures.
Physical activity.

A mixed version of the pathology can be provoked by a variety of triggers, both external and internal.

If endogenous asthma is infection-dependent, then not only an exacerbation of a bacterial infection, but also tobacco smoke can act as a trigger. With this form of pathology, the following are distinguished:

Emphysematous asthma.
Endogenous asthma with reversible bronchial obstruction.
Various combinations of these pathologies.

Most often, the endogenous form of bronchial asthma develops in children prone to recurrent diseases of the upper respiratory tract. In this case, to chronic bronchitis an asthmatic component is added. With the development of the pathological process in this form, pronounced signs of COPD appear.

When the two forms described above are combined, they speak of mixed asthma. If it is impossible to determine the cause of the development of the pathological process, the disease will be designated in the diagnosis as unspecified.

Special types of disease

This group includes several separate clinical and pathogenetic types of asthma:

Induced by gastroexophageal reflux (GER).
Aspirin.
Professional.
Night.
Physical effort.

For reflux-induced asthma, the trigger mechanism for the development of an attack is the reflux itself. More than half of asthmatic children are diagnosed with GER. It is believed that the pathogenesis of the disease is associated with microaspiration of gastric contents. Attacks of this type of pathology often disturb the patient at night.

Among pseudoallergic conditions, it is customary to distinguish aspirin asthma. This chronic inflammation bronchi, which is provoked by taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The disease is more common in the adult population, and among patients more women. One of unpleasant moments with the development of this type of disease is cross reaction. This means that an attack will develop not only after taking acetylsalicylic acid, but also if other NSAIDs are used (Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen, Sulindac, Piroxicam, Naproxen, Mefenamic acid). Moreover, asthmatics with this type of illness need a strict diet, because natural salicylates contained in:

Berries (strawberries/strawberries and raspberries).
Spices (turmeric and cinnamon).
Fruits (lemons and oranges, as well as apples).
The most common salad vegetables (cucumbers and tomatoes).

Such patients need to be especially careful when handling canned products. Because if it contains benzoin or salicylic acid, the body may react with an asthma attack. The same reaction is possible to products containing tartazine (a yellow dye).

The professional type of asthma most often affects medical staff, hairdressers, livestock breeders, veterinarians and bakers. The pathology is provoked by constant forced (due to professional activity) contact with allergens.

Bronchial asthma provoked physical stress, often worries patients with atopic disease. As a rule, it occurs with rare attacks. Rarely does a typical clinical picture unfold.

Classification by control level and condition

Forms of asthma are important for proper development therapeutic tactics. To adjust treatment, it is important to know how susceptible the disease is drug effects. In connection with this factor, the following forms are distinguished:

Controlled.
Limited control.
Uncontrollable.

The first form includes asthma with no exacerbations and maintenance of normal basic parameters that are determined in asthma:

Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1).
The peak flow rate at which the patient can exhale (PEF).

With controlled asthma, improvements are noticeable even in patients with severe forms of the disease. With partially controlled pathological process respiratory functions are lost by only 20%.

Attacks are recorded twice a week or more often. At least once a year, asthma worsens. With an uncontrolled form of the disease, the effectiveness of treatment is minimal. This indicates the need for a thorough study of the causes of the pathology and the lack of response to drug therapy.

Since the disease is chronic, it is difficult to even dream of healing. In this case, the main thing is to bring the disease from the exacerbation phase to remission. That is, we can also distinguish 2 forms of bronchial asthma:

Exacerbation.
Remission (unstable, stable).

The best option is to achieve stable remission by eliminating triggers from Everyday life person. If possible.

Congenital and acquired asthma

Having considered all the options for asthma, it remains to answer one more question that doctors regularly face: is congenital asthma possible, and what disease is considered acquired? Congenital asthma No. But, firstly, there are known precedents for the development of bronchial asthma in newborns (literally from the first days of life). Secondly, there may be cases of hereditary predisposition to this disease. In such a situation, the probability of developing pathology is 50%. In fact, any bronchial asthma is acquired. Quite often in different sources information, an endogenous variant of the pathology is associated with acquired asthma.

Bronchial asthma is a chronic disease characterized by periodic attacks. Attacks can range in severity from mild coughing and heavy breathing to very severe, life-threatening asthma attacks. The mechanism of an asthma attack is as follows: the bronchi and bronchioles narrow, causing compression of the chest and difficulty breathing. The mucous membrane of the respiratory tract swells, interfering with the movement of the cilia of the epithelium. The mucus glands begin to secrete more mucus and it becomes thicker, which interferes with the passage of air into the lungs. Breathing becomes difficult and heavy, even exhalation, which is usually done passively, requires great effort.

Over time, attacks become more severe and can lead to permanent damage to lung tissue and chronic lung disease.

Exist Various types asthma: Acquired (exogenous, external) asthma, also called allergic atopic or immunological asthma, according to experts, is an allergic reaction to certain factors that always provoke an attack in this person(such as the presence of animals, irritation, dust, mold, pollen or food products). This type of asthma occurs in children or young adults, who usually have other allergy symptoms, including eczema or inflammation of the nasal cavity with itching and runny discharge (rhinitis). Most people who suffer from this type of asthma have a family history of it. They are characterized by a positive allergy reaction on skin testing and increased level specific in the blood.

Internal (endogenous) bronchial asthma is also called non-allergic, or immunological. The causes of this type of asthma are not entirely understood, although the symptoms are often the same as those of acquired asthma. An attack of endogenous asthma is sometimes triggered by a factor that does not necessarily cause subsequent attacks. Such factors may include inhalation of cold air, reaction to infection, physical effort, stress, changes in weather, humidity or temperature changes. Endogenous asthma usually begins at later stages puberty or later. People suffering from endogenous asthma may not have relatives with similar diseases; they have negative reaction for allergies during skin testing and the level of specific antibodies in the blood is not increased.

Symptoms Symptoms of bronchial asthma are sneezing, coughing, heavy, noisy, intermittent breathing, blue skin (cyanosis) due to lack of oxygen in the blood, a feeling of anxiety and helplessness. Traditional methods treatment. Currently, medicine does not know any drugs that can cure asthma. The patient is advised to avoid provoking factors and is prescribed drugs that alleviate or relieve the attack. Most asthma symptoms and attacks can be controlled at home, but severe cases require hospitalization.

Non-traditional and traditional methods treatment of bronchial asthma

Home Remedies

During an asthma attack, eat a potato in your jacket and breathe over it, covered with a blanket. You can also boil peeled potatoes. During this treatment, you need to drink a large amount of hot tea made from berries and lingonberry leaves (both fresh and dry). When the attack passes, go to bed and cover yourself warmly
Rub pork fat on your chest and back overnight and wrap yourself in compress paper, over which wrap an old down or woolen scarf.
Mash 1 tablespoon of viburnum berries thoroughly and pour 1 cup of warm water over them. boiled water, stirring 1 tablespoon of honey in it. Bring to a boil, cook over low heat for 20 minutes, mix thoroughly and strain. Consume this portion completely throughout the day, taking 1 tablespoon every 1.5-2 hours. For asthmatics prone to hypertension, it is best to take juice from fresh viburnum berries, 1 tablespoon 8 times a day.
Mix 100 g of garlic and horseradish crushed into a pulp, 150 g of butter and 600 g of honey, heat the mixture in a boiling water bath, stirring the contents thoroughly. Store in a dark, cool place in a tightly sealed container. Take 1 tablespoon 1 hour before meals. The course of treatment is 2 months. If necessary, repeat the course of treatment after a 1-month break until complete recovery.
Take 3 heads of garlic crushed into a pulp and 5 lemons, crushed with peel but without seeds, pour in 1 liter of boiled water at room temperature, leave in a dark, cool place for 5 days, shaking the contents periodically, strain, squeeze. Drink 1 tablespoon 5 times a day 20 minutes before meals.
Pour 100 g of chopped garlic into 150 ml of vodka, leave in a dark, cool place for 2 weeks, shaking the contents occasionally, strain. Wrap the bottle with tincture in orange cloth or paper and store in a dark, cool place. Take 25 drops per warm milk 3 times a day 15-20 minutes before meals, from October to April, at least 1.5 months.
Take 2 heads of garlic, peel them, grate 5 lemons into a paste. Pour all this into 1 liter of warm boiled water. Leave for a week in a dark place. Squeeze, strain Take 4 times a day, 30 minutes before meals and overnight. When taking this drug, it is necessary to rub chest garlic oil Mix chopped garlic into a pulp with pork fat (if you don’t have it, you can replace butter) in a ratio of 1:2 Rubbing is carried out at night.
Every morning on an empty stomach, eat a finely chopped clove of garlic, washing it down with 1 glass of diluted water. apple cider vinegar. Course of treatment - 4-5 weeks
Attention! The procedure is contraindicated for patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers
Take 400 g of pork kidneys, wash in running water, cut into pieces, add 1 tablespoon of cognac, 2 chopped onions and 0.25 teaspoon of ginger powder, salt to taste, mix well and let brew for 30 minutes. Then add 50 g of powdered kernels walnut and in a frying pan with sunflower oil(50 g) fry for 20-30 minutes. Eat this dish warm 2 times, half in the morning and half in the evening. When treating bronchial asthma, take it at least once a week, the more often the better, if every day, then 15 days without a break.
Wash and peel 400 g of ginger, grate it, pour it into a bottle and fill it with alcohol. Infuse in a warm place or in the sun for 14 days, shaking occasionally until the tincture becomes yellow. Strain, squeeze and let sit. Drink 2 times a day, 1 teaspoon after meals, with 3 sips of water. A very good remedy.
Pour 2 kg of grain into 5 tons of water in an enamel bowl and put in the oven for 3 hours at 50-60°C, then strain and squeeze Add 200 g of honey and aloe leaf, 200 ml of cognac put on low heat, bring to a boil and remove , then cool, strain and squeeze
Having received whey from 3 liters of milk, add 1 glass of honey and 100 g of crushed elecampane root to it. Drink 0.5 glasses of the first mixture, immediately washing down 0.5 glasses of the second mixture, 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals

Herbs and infusions used for the treatment and prevention of bronchial asthma

Take 0.5 tablespoon of May burdock leaf, half an aspen leaf, 1 teaspoon of fresh fir needles. Brew with 1 glass of boiling water. After cooling, add 0.5 teaspoon of baking soda and leave this mixture in a dark place for 7 days. Drink 1 tablespoon once a week (or more often, depending on how you feel) before bed.
Brew 1 cup of boiling water with 1 tablespoon of nettle flowers, leave for 30 minutes and drink 1 cup 3 times a day, more often, but definitely 3 cups a day. The herb is collected throughout the summer in the first half of the day.
Pour 100 parts of alcohol (200 ml of vodka) into 100 g of elderberry fruits and leave for 3 days. Drink 30 drops of alcohol or 50 drops of vodka tincture 3 times a day
Brew 2 tablespoons of femoral saxifrage root in 1 liter of boiling water and leave in a thermos overnight. Drink 0.5 cups 3-4 times a day. You can also use alcohol tincture. Pour 1 part of the crushed root into 2 parts of 70% alcohol and leave for 7 days (in alcohol) or 14 dienes (in vodka). Kick it. 20 drops of alcohol tincture of tincture (40 drops of vodka) with a sip of water. The root is dug up in September, when first lung wilting of the stem. The method is very effective
Mix 1 tablespoon each of nechopa grass, wild rosemary, common wormwood, as well as dried and well-chopped wheatgrass roots and rhizomes, brew the mixture with 1 liter of boiling water and leave overnight in a thermos. Drink 0.5 glasses 4-5 times a day 30 minutes before meals. In addition, take 3 drops of hemp flower tincture 2 times a day - after lunch and at night - with a sip of water

And a few more tips from traditional medicine in the treatment of bronchial asthma.

It’s as if “bronchial” is adjacent to the word “asthma”, because there is another disease - cardiac asthma. This pathology develops by a different mechanism, and a clarification has been added to distinguish one asthma from another. This text deals exclusively with bronchial asthma.

Bronchial asthma is caused by various reasons (external and internal), it can occur either in a mild form or in an extremely severe form with complications, sometimes it can be controlled, sometimes it is problematic. Depending on these and a number of other factors, several classification signs of the disease have been developed.

General information

The described disease belongs to the category of independent pathologies that interfere with normal breathing. The main mechanism in pathogenesis is considered to be impaired bronchial reactivity, which can be caused by factors:

Specific (allergy/sensitization), that is, immunological.
Nonspecific, including infections.

Mandatory elements of the clinic for making a diagnosis of “bronchial asthma” are:

Bronchospasm.
Choking (in the form of attacks).
Hyperfunction of the submucosal glands of the respiratory tract (macrosecretion).
Swelling of the mucous lining of the bronchi.

Attacks of asthma distinguish asthma from diseases such as obstructive and allergic bronchitis. Narrowing of the bronchi can be completely or partially reversible. The process normalizes spontaneously or as a result of drug treatment. It is provoked by so-called triggers - factors of the external and internal environment (allergens, stress, strong odors, temperature changes), which trigger the mechanism of bronchial obstruction.

The possibility of self-liquidation of an attack depends on the severity of the disease.

Classification by severity

The worsening of the pathological process caused by bronchial obstruction and suffocation is usually divided into stages:

Episodic attacks (intermittent form).
Constant mild/moderate/severe attacks (persistent form).

In the first case, attacks bother the patient approximately 1 time/7 days, at night 1–2 times/month. The attacks are short and not severe.

The mild constant (persistent) form is characterized by the repetition of attacks up to several times every 7 days, night attacks occur at least once every 14 days, disturb sleep, and reduce the patient’s physical activity. With a pathology of moderate severity, attacks bother the patient every day. Night attacks are also not uncommon; sleep, activity and quality of life of an asthmatic are significantly deteriorated. The severe form of persistent asthma is characterized by daily daytime and nighttime attacks, the patient is incapacitated, and physical activity is minimal.

The patient may experience status asthmaticus (a life-threatening condition). It is characterized by:

Serious swelling of the bronchi.
Production of thick mucus with the risk of complete blockage of the respiratory tract.
Development of suffocation.

The second develops almost instantly directly during contact with the allergen. But, fortunately, the metabolic variant is less common. Triggers include antibiotics, NSAIDs, enzyme preparations, sulfonamides, drugs containing proteins). This form of status is characterized by general bronchospasm and asphyxia.

Etiological classification

Classic shape

Depending on the factors that caused the disease, it is customary to distinguish the following forms of asthma: allergic (exogenous), non-allergic (endogenous), mixed origin, unspecified.

Bronchial asthma in its exogenous form develops as a result of allergens entering the respiratory system. This capacity may include:

Pollen.
Animal fur.
Mold.
Dust containing house mites and their metabolic products.
Irritants (irritating substances).

In some cases, exogenous bronchial asthma occurs in a special form - atopic. In this case, the allergic reaction that caused the disease is genetically determined. That is, the patient had a predisposition, which was realized under the influence of provoking factors. It may be early or late. In the latter case, the attack does not begin immediately, but after 60 minutes from the moment of contact with the allergen. The irritant variant of the disease is diagnosed if exposure to certain chemicals provokes an attack, and exacerbations stop if the patient does not come into contact with an irritating chemical environment.

Endogenous bronchial asthma or non-allergic is caused by a number of external triggers:

Stressors.
Infectious agents.
Low ambient temperatures.
Physical activity.

A mixed version of the pathology can be provoked by a variety of triggers, both external and internal.

Emphysematous asthma.
Endogenous asthma with reversible bronchial obstruction.
Various combinations of these pathologies.

Most often, the endogenous form of bronchial asthma develops in children prone to recurrent diseases of the upper respiratory tract. In this case, an asthmatic component is added to chronic bronchitis. With the development of the pathological process in this form, pronounced signs of COPD appear.

When the two forms described above are combined, they speak of mixed asthma. If it is impossible to determine the cause of the development of the pathological process, the disease will be designated in the diagnosis as unspecified.

Special types of disease

This group includes several separate clinical and pathogenetic types of asthma:

Induced by gastroexophageal reflux (GER).
Aspirin.
Professional.
Night.
Physical effort.

Among pseudoallergic conditions, it is customary to distinguish aspirin asthma. This is a chronic inflammation of the bronchi, which is provoked by taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The disease is more common in the adult population, and more patients are women. One of the unpleasant moments in the development of this type of disease is cross-reaction. This means that an attack will develop not only after taking acetylsalicylic acid, but also if other NSAIDs are used (Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen, Sulindac, Piroxicam, Naproxen, Mefenamic acid). Moreover, asthmatics with this type of illness need a strict diet, because natural salicylates contained in:

Berries (strawberries/strawberries and raspberries).
Spices (turmeric and cinnamon).
Fruits (lemons and oranges, as well as apples).
The most common salad vegetables (cucumbers and tomatoes).

Such patients need to be especially careful when handling canned products. Because if it contains benzoic or salicylic acid, the body may react with an asthma attack. The same reaction is possible to products containing tartazine (a yellow dye).

Bronchial asthma, provoked by physical stress, often worries patients with atopic disease. As a rule, it occurs with rare attacks. Rarely does a typical clinical picture unfold.

Classification by control level and condition

Forms of asthma are important for the competent development of therapeutic tactics. To adjust treatment, it is important to know how responsive the disease is to medication. In connection with this factor, the following forms are distinguished:

Controlled.
Limited control.
Uncontrollable.

The first form includes asthma with no exacerbations and maintenance of normal basic parameters that are determined in asthma:

Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1).
The peak flow rate at which the patient can exhale (PEF).

With controlled asthma, improvements are noticeable even in patients with severe forms of the disease. With a partially controlled pathological process, respiratory functions are lost by only 20%.

The best option is to achieve stable remission by eliminating triggers from a person’s daily life. If possible.

Congenital and acquired asthma

Having considered all the options for asthma, it remains to answer one more question that doctors regularly face: is congenital asthma possible, and what disease is considered acquired? There is no congenital asthma. But, firstly, there are known precedents for the development of bronchial asthma in newborns (literally from the first days of life). Secondly, there may be cases of hereditary predisposition to this disease. In such a situation, the probability of developing pathology is 50%. In fact, any bronchial asthma is acquired. Quite often, various sources of information associate the endogenous variant of the pathology with acquired asthma.

Features of acquired bronchial asthma

One of the common diseases respiratory system can be called bronchial asthma. She happens to be chronic disease, during which there is a constant inflammatory process in the tissues of the bronchi, which causes breathing problems.

There are several varieties of the disease, which are determined by the conditions of its occurrence, one of these varieties is acquired bronchial asthma.

This diagnosis means that the disease was not inherent in the patient from the moment of his birth, but was formed much later under the influence external reasons. It is sometimes believed that a person had asthma initially, but was simply not diagnosed. However, if the disease did not manifest itself for 20 years of life, and then was discovered, this indicates that it is not congenital and has formed recently.

Development conditions

Acquired asthma is practically no different from congenital asthma in its symptoms and signs, and there are no significant differences in the course of treatment. The main difference between acquired asthma and congenital asthma is in the characteristics of its development. In addition to the fact that it manifests itself in adults, the factors that cause its formation differ from those that provoke the congenital type of the disease.

Congenital bronchial asthma manifests itself in children from birth and is caused by the characteristics of the newborn’s body. The baby may be born sensitive to external influences environment, which is manifested in the reaction of its bronchi.

In the case of acquired asthma, everything happens a little differently. Patient's body long time is exposed to negative influences, which causes irreversible changes in the tissues of the respiratory system. As a result, asthmatic symptoms. This type of asthma formation is called exogenous, since the pathology is formed under the influence of external causes.

Among these reasons are:

negative impact of climatic conditions;
smoking;
unfavorable environmental conditions;
employment in hazardous work;
tendency to allergies;
frequent cases viral diseases.

In order to acquire this disease, one of the listed factors is sufficient, although very often they act in combination. Any person who exhibits these characteristics is considered a potential risk group. However, their presence does not necessarily mean the development of asthma. Usually the human body is strong enough to cope with negative influence. It depends on the characteristics of his immunity.

The most harmful external influences include:

plant pollen;
dust;
pet hair;
household chemicals;
Food;
medications;
chemical compounds;
tobacco smoke.

If you have an allergic reaction to any of these elements, you need to be very careful and minimize your interaction with it. Otherwise, the allergy may develop into bronchial asthma.

You can suspect this disease by its symptoms, which you need to know. Although only a doctor can draw conclusions after the necessary diagnostic procedures. Therefore, it is not advisable to start self-treatment, until a diagnosis has been made, but it is also unacceptable to ignore the signs of pathology.

The main symptoms of acquired bronchial asthma do not differ from similar symptoms congenital form diseases.

The only difference is that with an acquired disease, symptoms appear in adulthood, and not in early childhood.

These include:

All this may be accompanied by weakness, decreased performance, and headaches. It is worth noting that these signs are similar to the symptoms of bronchitis or ARVI. However, in bronchial asthma there is no elevated temperature In addition, symptoms appear unexpectedly and then disappear for a while. In any case, if these signs are detected, you should consult a doctor to determine an accurate diagnosis, since the lack of treatment, even with colds can lead to complications such as bronchitis or pneumonia.

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to conduct an examination to identify an accurate diagnosis. For this we use:

listening to the bronchi;
pulmonary function test;
provocative test;
X-ray;
blood test, etc.

In addition to tests, the doctor must find out the features of the patient’s life, such as:

the nature of his activities;
suffered injuries;
operations and diseases;
the presence of asthma patients among close relatives;
allergic reactions, etc.

All this will help not only diagnose the disease, but also determine the strategy for its treatment, since its causes will become clear.

Therapy and preventive measures

It is impossible to completely get rid of any type of asthma, no matter how effective the methods are chosen. Medical impact is to use medications to remove the most acute manifestations illnesses and avoid their recurrence too often.

In order to prevent exacerbations of the disease, it is necessary to identify the factors that provoke them. After this, their exposure should be eliminated or contact with irritants should be minimized.

To stop asthma attacks, anti-inflammatory drugs (sodium cromoglycate, Nedocromil sodium) and bronchodilators (Salbutamol, Budesonide) are used. With the help of anti-inflammatory drugs, it is possible to stop the active process of mucus production in the bronchi, which reduces the body's sensitivity to harmful influences.

They should be taken regularly, as they improve air conductivity. This reduces the risk of bronchial trauma and reduces the number of asthma attacks. Bronchodilators help relax the muscles of the bronchi, resulting in more air entering the lungs and eliminating asthma attacks. They are usually used to relieve acute manifestations.

It is very important that during treatment you use medications that do not cause side effects. When fighting asthma, long-term use of drugs is expected, so it is necessary to minimize the discomfort from their use. You also need to make sure that they do not cause allergic reactions. This is why a doctor must prescribe medications. Choosing your own treatment is very dangerous.

Prevention is equally important in the presence of asthma. Compliance preventive measures will help avoid exacerbations of the disease and frequent use strong means. Basic preventive actions for acquired asthma are as follows:

To give up smoking.
Compliance with sanitary and hygienic rules.
Avoidance of viral diseases and careful treatment when they occur.
Minimum contacts with harmful substances or their complete exclusion (sometimes there is a need to change the climate or type of employment).
Performing feasible physical activity.
Strengthening the immune system.
Maintaining a daily routine.
Avoidance of strong emotional shocks.
Compliance with doctor's recommendations.

Patients with bronchial asthma have to limit themselves in many ways so as not to cause serious deterioration in their health. However, the presence of this disease does not mean that a person becomes inferior. If you follow the rules, take medications on time and be careful, it is possible to lead a full life without experiencing significant difficulties.

chronic fatigue (you get tired quickly, no matter what you do).
frequent headaches.
dark circles, bags under the eyes.
sneezing, rash, watery eyes, runny nose.
wheezing in the lungs.
exacerbation of chronic diseases.

Read better what the honored doctor says Russian Federation Victoria Dvornichenko, on this occasion. For several years I suffered from BRONCHIAL ASTHMA - cough, shortness of breath, suffocation, wheezing, audible at a distance, weakness and depression. Endless tests, visits to doctors, hormones and pills did not solve my problems. BUT thanks simple recipe, I am HEALTHY again, full of strength and energy. Now my attending physician is surprised how this is so. Here is a link to the article.

acquired asthma

Acquired bronchial asthma, is it possible to cure (SM)?

It is possible. The reason for untreated influenza is viral diseases, bronchitis, and so on. People have always treated these diseases in a rather stupid way, according to doctors. A bed was laid in the attic of the stable and the patient had to sleep there for up to six months. Pairs of horses, maybe sheep, going upstairs in during sleep they cured asthma, tuberculosis and osteochondrosis. Of course, this is difficult to do in cities. That’s why old doctors there advise laying down a sheep’s skin and sleeping on it without covering it with a sheet. And modern medicine advises the Frolov apparatus and breathing exercises. I’ll say right away that I’m not a doctor, and that’s why first doctors and official treatments.

Treatment of asthma in China using complex therapy

Asthma can be of two types (which, however, do not determine the specific nature of the disease and are characterized by similar symptoms): hereditary and acquired. Hereditary bronchial asthma is transmitted at the genetic level to children from sick parents, most often from mothers. However, the child will not necessarily be susceptible to this disease; asthma can also be passed down through one or even two generations.

Kerren Medical Center

Regarding the acquired type of this disease, a number of very diverse factors can provoke the disease of bronchial asthma. First of all, this is the environment and the level of pollution in the air you breathe: increased content gases, smoke, mineral dust can lead to damage and further inflammation of the respiratory system. In addition, the nutrition factor is of great importance: healthy diet, including mainly herbal products, significantly reduces the risk of asthma.

High-quality and effective asthma treatment in China

How is this disease treated? Firstly, it is necessary to use a certain series medications, such as basic therapy, and drugs intended to relieve an asthmatic attack - symptomatic medications. Secondly, changes in lifestyle, level of physical activity and basic daily routine are also necessary. Treatment of asthma in China is carried out under the supervision of experienced and qualified specialists in clinics popular around the world. The use of traditional Chinese medicine tools and techniques significantly increases the effectiveness of the course of therapy.

Herbal treatment Traditional and alternative medicine

Page 1 of 2

DISEASES OF THE BRONCHES AND LUNGS

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Bronchial asthma is a chronic disease characterized by periodic attacks. Asthma attacks range in severity from mild coughing and heavy breathing to very severe, life-threatening asthma attacks.

The mechanism of an asthma attack is as follows: the bronchi and bronchioles narrow, causing compression of the chest and difficulty breathing. The mucous membrane of the respiratory tract swells, interfering with the movement of the epithelial cilia. The mucous glands begin to secrete more mucus, and it becomes thicker, which interferes with the passage of air into the lungs. Breathing becomes difficult and heavy; even exhalation, which is usually done passively, requires great effort. Over time, attacks become more severe and can lead to permanent damage to lung tissue and chronic lung disease. There are different types of asthma. Acquired (exogenous, external) asthma. also called allergic, atonic or immunological asthma. according to experts, it is an allergic reaction to certain factors that always provoke an attack in a given person (for example, the presence of animals, irritation, dust, mold, pollen or food). This type of asthma occurs in children or young adults, who usually have other allergy symptoms, including eczema or inflammation of the nasal cavity with itching and runny discharge (rhinitis). Most people suffer from this type of asthma. have a hereditary predisposition to it. They are characterized by a positive reaction to allergies during skin testing and increased levels of specific antibodies in the blood.

Acquired asthma

When asthma symptoms appear and are diagnosed in adults over 20 years of age, it is called acquired asthma. About half of adults with asthma also suffer from allergies. In some cases, acquired asthma may result from exposure to various chemicals in the workplace ( occupational asthma. asthma symptoms appear suddenly).

What is asthma?

Asthma is a pulmonary dysfunction characterized by the appearance and disappearance of symptoms. In this case, the following occurs in the air-conducting paths:

swelling or inflammation of the mucous membrane
secretion large quantity mucus, thicker than usual
narrowing of the lumen due to contraction of bronchial smooth muscles

Symptoms of asthma include:

Dyspnea
Frequent cough. especially at night
Wheezing (whistle-like sound when you inhale and exhale)
Difficulty breathing
Tightness in the chest

What is acquired asthma?

When a patient over 20 years of age is diagnosed, they speak of acquired asthma.

Among those at risk for the disease:

Women subject to hormonal changes, particularly pregnant or menopausal women
Women taking estrogen after menopause for 10 years or more
People who have been ill with certain viral infections, such as a cold or flu
People with allergies (especially to cats)
People susceptible harmful effects chemicals in environment. For example, tobacco smoke, dust, mold, etc. Irritants that cause asthma symptoms are called asthma triggers (triggers). Asthma caused by workplace irritants is called occupational asthma .

What is the difference between congenital and acquired asthma?

The acquired form of bronchial asthma is also called asthmatic bronchitis. It is rare to find a convincing cause for a disease. It affects men more often than women. It is possible that in some cases, bronchial asthma can be caused by an allergy to bacteria, which, however, does not give reason to call it an infectious allergy. The absence of reactions in patients with allergies when administered bacterial suspensions or vaccines and the absence of a reaction of passive transfer of sensitivity to bacterial substrates was established. These circumstances, as well as the lack of constitutional reactions to the introduction bacterial vaccines do not yet exclude the possibility of an allergy to bacteria or their products. It must be remembered that in the process of preparing bacterial suspensions or vaccines, the properties of the bacterial protein may change in the direction of reducing antigenicity.

Some researchers believe that the infectious process changes the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract so much that it itself becomes antigenic. Thus, asthma is sometimes classified as autoimmune diseases, which, of course, can still be just a guess.

We ask you not to self-medicate, as this can lead to irreversible consequences. If you are sick or think you need any treatment, consult your doctor.

Symptoms and treatment of bronchial asthma in adults and children

Bronchial asthma is considered a chronic disease with frequent relapses and with the obligatory symptom of suffocation, due to spasm and/or swelling of the bronchial mucosa.

The main cause of an attack of bronchial asthma is acquired increased sensitivity (sensitization) to external irritants (for example, allergens), which causes the immune system to protect the body, even with harmless influences, which, in turn, leads to an allergic reaction, and - bronchospasm, swelling of the bronchi and asthma attack.

Symptoms of bronchial asthma ^

The main signs and symptoms of bronchial asthma in adults and children are suffocation, wheezing whistling when breathing, shortness of breath, a feeling of chest congestion, cough - in some cases there may be other allergic reactions, such as urticaria, Quincke's edema, food allergies..., maybe be sinusitis (inflammation of the paranasal sinuses) and polyposis (polyps are benign growths in the nose), which speaks of the so-called asthmatic triad (aspirin-induced bronchial asthma).

During a prolonged attack, pain in the lower chest may occur due to tension in the diaphragm, cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes, and palpitations.

A common symptom of bronchial asthma in children is a cough, usually at night, but it can also be bronchitis.

Treatment of bronchial asthma^

Any treatment, including bronchial asthma, begins with diagnosis and examination. An experienced doctor can make a preliminary diagnosis based on symptoms and signs that indirectly prove the presence of asthmatic disease. But in order to prescribe adequate and most effective treatment for asthma, the doctor may refer you for additional examination.

Medicines and inhalers for asthma ^

Symptomatic treatment is the use of bronchodilators (or bronchodilators - medicinal dilators of the bronchi during their spasm and narrowing due to inflammation) during an asthma attack in the form of suffocation.

Alpha and beta adrenergic agonists are medications administered to the body in the form of inhalation of aerosols, injections and through the nose (intranasal)…
- Salbutamol (Ventolin)
- Fenoterol (Berotec)
- Orciprenaline sulfate (Astmopent or Alupent)
- Izadrin
- Salmeterol
- Epinephrine
- Adrenalin
- Ephedrine
M-anticholinergics - drugs against bronchial asthma - muscarine antagonists - expand the lumen of the bronchi and reduce phlegm, affecting the relaxation of smooth muscles. They are administered orally in the form of tablets and solutions, intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, as well as by inhalation of smoke, for example, the so-called anti-asthmatic cigarettes made from belladonna, henbane and datura leaves...
- Metacin
- Atropine
- Platyfillin
- Belladonna
Methylxanthines are brocholytic drugs for asthma, introduced into the body in the form of solutions (intramuscular or intravenous injections), in the form of suppositories and tablets.
- Teofedrine
- Theophylline
- Slo-fillin
- Aminophylline
- Diprophylline
- Theo-dur

Medicines against bronchospasm, in asthma of allergic origin are glucocorticoids, used as a strong antiallergic agent, usually used when other drugs do not help (usually in severe forms of the disease):

These medications are used only as prescribed by a doctor.

Basic treatment of asthmatic disease:

Inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) - Budesonide (Pulmicort, Benacort, Budenit Steri-Neb); Cyclesonide (Alvesco); Beclomethasone dipropionate (Bekotide, Beklodzhet, Klenil, Beklazon Eco, Beklazon Eco Easy Breathing); mometasone furoate (Asmanex); Flunisolide (Ingacort); Triamcenolone acetonide; Fluticasone propionate (Flixotide)…
Cromones - (Sodium Cromoglycolate (Intal) and Nedocromil Sodium (Tyled)

Other methods of drug treatment of bronchial asthma are also used - according to indications after a complete diagnosis.

Diagnosis of bronchial asthma ^

The type, degree and severity of bronchial asthma will be determined by professional diagnosis of the disease, on the basis of which a method of basic treatment, prevention and increase in remission will be determined for you..., right up to complete recovery.

What people especially pay attention to when diagnosing “bronchial asthma”:

The patient complains of cough, shortness of breath, sometimes with the inability to breathe while lying down, attacks of suffocation...
Direct medical diagnosis: heart rate, shortness of breath, dry wheezing, increasing with exhalation... (the doctor will feel, listen...)
Diagnostics of external respiration: spirometry (expiratory volume), peak flowmetry (expiratory speed)
Analysis of sputum, bronchial secretions, blood test...
Diagnosis of allergological status: skin, inhalation, conjunctival (tear secretions), nasal tests...

Also, a preliminary diagnosis can be made based on the general clinical picture (take an asthma test online)

Factors in the development of the disease^

It is possible to get bronchial asthma at any age - it depends on various external (exogenous) and internal (endogenous) factors.

Heredity. If there is a hereditary predisposition - if someone in the family has asthma - it is believed that there is a high risk of developing so-called atopic bronchial asthma.
Profession. The development of the disease in certain professions, for example, where there are harmful factors such as bio and mineral dust, gases, steam, smoke, etc.
Ecology, habitat. It has been proven that, for example, in large cities and megalopolises, where there is increased smoke and gas pollution, the population is much more susceptible to pulmonary diseases, including asthmatic diseases, than in rural areas.
Food. The risk of getting sick for people who eat a healthy and balanced diet, consuming plant foods, with normal fats, fiber and vitamins is much less than for those who eat monotonously, fatty and carbohydrate foods, refined foods and semi-finished products, including fast food.

People who are obese are more likely to develop asthmatic disorder.

Household chemicals and microorganisms Detergents of chemical origin, various aerosols, powders, etc. are provocateurs of pulmonary diseases. Also, the development of asthma is influenced by microorganisms and infections.

General lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle, in most cases, provides significant protection against asthmatic disease.

Emotional and psychological state Neuroses, psychological disorders, depression, frequent stress, neuropsychic experiences, general unsettlement and dissatisfaction with life are not only provocateurs of bronchial asthma, but its fixer and amplifier... for many years...

Allergens and pollutants that aggravate the disease ^

The main substances that activate exacerbation of asthma are allergens, pollutants and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Plant pollen floating in the inhaled air
Regular and book dust indoors
Flying spores of micro-bends, wall mold, for example...
Animal fur
Epidermis (scaly exfoliation of skin that can be inhaled), human and animal dandruff
Dust mites

Especially, the listed allergens affect the disease of asthma in children under 3 years of age.

Physical activity and cold air

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), can also provoke bronchial asthma and other allergic reactions.

Get diagnostics online ^

This diagnosis of bronchial asthma is based on the same signs and symptoms of the disease that your doctor will diagnose at your appointment (a doctor, of course, is better).

In the results you will see a preliminary diagnosis, but the main and accurate diagnosis, which will show the type, degree and severity of bronchial asthma, is possible only after a full examination in a clinic as prescribed by a doctor.

Attention! Only after a complete medical diagnosis and only by a specialist (doctor) is it possible to prescribe adequate pharmacological treatment for bronchial asthma.

Take a pre-asthma test online

Help with bronchial asthma ^

Emergency care during an attack of bronchial asthma consists, first of all, in providing medical care: as a rule, asthmatics already have special inhalers that relieve bronchospasms and/or other antiallergic (antihistamine) drugs and other pharmacological agents, often individually prescribed by a doctor.

If necessary, call an ambulance and/or go to a medical facility.

The first psychological aid for an asthma attack is to provide emotional support and possible reassurance to a person experiencing stress and possibly fear of death from suffocation...

Psychotherapy of allergic asthma - REAL CURE ^

An extremely effective method of treating bronchial asthma of the exogenous (external) allergic type is psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. Often this can be combined with drug therapy, especially at the initial stage of psychotherapeutic intervention.

The thing is that many allergic diseases acquired in childhood or adulthood, including exogenous asthma, often become chronic, with short remission and constant relapses, precisely because of psychogenic factors.

For example, a person, as a small child, lived in conditions that provoke the disease bronchial asthma (constant influence of allergens due to the environment, poor nutrition, polluted or vice versa, ultra-clean rooms washed with bleach, etc.) and he developed a certain disease, manifested only in the form of cough, especially at night.

Doctors suspected bronchitis or asthma, maybe other allergic manifestations, and said “horror things” to the parents, who, greatly frightened and worried, passed on their fear to the child - the emotion of fear was fixed with its source - cough, and remained for many years in the subconscious.

Then it could lead to panic attacks, intensifying the attacks, sometimes to such an extent that the usual medications no longer helped... which caused new stress and fears. As a result, a vicious circle of panic could form (fear of the fears themselves, activating bronchial asthma and/or other allergies out of nowhere.

In other words, the key to triggering asthma attacks is not in the body, which reacts to allergen irritants, but in the psyche, or more precisely, in the subconscious.

In short, psychotherapeutic treatment of exogenous, allergic asthma in many cases leads to success - complete recovery, and in extreme, severe cases - complete control over attacks with a minimum of medications.

If you want to finally get rid of bronchial asthma and other allergies, contact a psychoanalyst online (make an appointment on the main page of the website http://Psychoanalyst-Matveev.RF)