Healing herbs for the nervous system and good sleep. Medicinal plants with a sedative effect Combined sedative drugs

Today, people often suffer from various mental disorders. There are many reasons for this state: polluted ecology, overtime work, rhythm of life, food "on the go". The body simply cannot withstand such a load, as a result of which a person becomes restless, tired, irritated, sleep disturbance occurs. Sometimes, it is very difficult to get out of this state on your own and you need the help of a specialist.

To combat stress, you need to change your lifestyle. Pay more attention to rest, sports, walks in the fresh air, establish proper nutrition. Calming herbs can be of great help in treatment. Tinctures are prepared from them, medicines are produced, and they are used for water procedures.

It is known that any pharmaceutical product, even based on plants, contains other elements that can adversely affect the body.

Therefore, it is worth considering the use of sedative herbs that have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, normalize sleep, relieve fatigue and irritation.

Action

Science has not yet sufficiently studied the mechanism of action of drugs based on medicinal herbs. However, it has been proven that sedatives are able to restore the functioning of the central nervous system and reduce its excitability. Compared with chemical preparations, these agents do not affect the skeletal muscles, do not cause ataxia. In addition, sedative drugs, even when used for a long time, do not cause dependence on them.

Most often, sedative preparations based on medicinal herbs are used to treat nervous disorders: motherwort, valerian, passionflower, peony, etc. Their pharmacological actions are quite extensive. For example, valerian has not only a calming effect, but also antispasmodic and choleretic. Also, this plant improves heart function, normalizes its rhythm and blood circulation.

Peony is used as an anticonvulsant, and lemon balm is endowed with such properties as antipruritic, antiarrhythmic, antispasmodic. The list of beneficial actions of lemon balm is wide. It has a choleretic effect, improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, lowers the temperature, improves the functioning of the sex glands, relieves toxicosis of pregnant women.

Indications for use

Herbal sedatives are used for a wide variety of psychiatric indications.

The most serious indications include such factors:

Strong irritable state.
Anger and aggression directed at other people.
Inability to relax due to frequent pain and itching.
Loss of sleep over time.
Loss of complete control over emotions.

Some nervous disorders are accompanied by a specific rash on the skin. Sedative drugs are often used in the treatment of eczema caused by strong feelings, stress. The use of sedatives in this case helps to normalize the functioning of the nervous system and remove dermatosis.

Admission rules

In order for the drugs to bring maximum benefit to the patient, it is necessary to follow some rules for taking them. Medicines should be taken in the minimum dose. If they are consumed in the evening 2-3 hours before going to bed, they will bring the greatest benefit to the body. With advanced disease, the doctor prescribes sedatives several times a day.

The doctor also prescribes a special course of treatment with sedative medications. For them to work most effectively, they need to be taken for 3 weeks. Then the patient should rest for 2 weeks, after which the treatment is resumed.

Sedatives to eliminate mental problems are best taken on the recommendation of a specialist. Otherwise, the drug can be harmful to health, as it has some contraindications. Therefore, you need to be very careful about the independent use of sedatives, which can also cause allergic effects.

Soothing herbs: a list of healing fees

Herbs with a sedative effect are the safest to use. Such tinctures affect the body much milder than pharmacy chemicals. In addition, sedative herbs are not addictive. And their therapeutic effects are not inferior even to strong drugs. It is worth noting that a quick effect from the use of sedatives with natural ingredients should not be expected. With proper medication, improvement will come after a while.

List of medicinal herbs

Medicinal herbs should be collected in ecologically clean places or grown in your garden. In any case, you can always buy ready-made raw materials in a pharmacy. The list of herbs that have a sedative effect is huge.

But there are plants that are most often used for disorders of the nervous system:

St. John's wort. It is useful to use to eliminate anxiety.
Chamomile. Calms the nervous system and relieves muscle tension.
Motherwort. It has strong sedative properties. Under reduced pressure, the use of grass is not recommended.
Sagebrush. With the help of this herb, you can get rid of insomnia, as well as from a hysterical state.
Valerian. It is able to relieve nervousness and eliminate excitement. A high dose of the drug can have an exciting effect on a person.
creeping thyme. Used to calm the nerves and improve sleep.
Adonis. A herb with a sedative effect is able to increase the tone and normalize the emotional background of the patient.

What can be done during pregnancy

During pregnancy, a woman is often in a state of nervous imbalance. Her mood swings can change all the time. The reason for this phenomenon is hormonal changes in the body. At this moment, it is bad not only for the woman, but also for the baby in the womb, which depends on her mood.

In order for the mental development of the child to proceed correctly and to maintain his health, it is necessary to take sedatives. The best option in this case is herbal teas. However, they should be consumed only after the advice of a doctor.

For the future mother and her child, you can use teas from such herbs: chamomile, motherwort, lemon balm, jasmine. During pregnancy, you can also prepare a drink from valerian. However, it should be used in small doses and not for a long time.

Alcohol infusions from herbs with a sedative effect should not be taken during pregnancy. It is better to prepare your own infusion on water or herbal tea. Such teas will calm the nervous system of the expectant mother, as well as relieve excessive anxiety, anxiety and improve the quality of sleep.

For small children

Young children especially need calmness and quality sleep. Every day, their brain perceives a lot of impressions and knowledge, with which its growing body copes with difficulty. As a result, the child does not sleep well, refuses to eat, and is often naughty.

In this case, soothing herbs will help. To do this, you can brew light teas, use a bath for bathing with the addition of herbs. At the same time, it is necessary to prepare herbal infusion in advance. Sometimes scented candles based on medicinal plants are used. Also, the doctor may advise you to apply these methods in combination.

For children, you can use the following herbs with a calming effect: chamomile, calendula, thyme, mint, motherwort. Most often, a string is used to bathe a baby. This plant not only perfectly relaxes, but also helps with diathesis and diaper rash. All of the above herbs are able to calm the nervous system, fight harmful bacteria on the skin, and reduce inflammation. Soothing herbs are used both for bathing and for oral administration.

Pharmacy funds

Herbal medicines, in comparison with chemical analogues, have safe properties. They have practically no side effects, and also do not affect the liver and digestive organs. Some herbal tinctures are prepared with alcohol, due to which the medicine is absorbed much faster by the body. Basically, plants such as valerian, motherwort, hawthorn are used for this.

Many of today's herbal sedatives may include: mint, chamomile, peony. Each plant has a powerful calming effect. Today, manufacturers produce many drugs for the treatment of nervous disorders. There are herbal medicines, which include chemical elements. These include such combined preparations: Novo-Passit, Persen.

Sedative herbs: recipes and methods of preparation

The human nervous system is often overloaded with stress, experiences, and therefore malfunctions.

Over time, nervous exhaustion and a number of diseases develop. Experts recommend paying attention to this problem in time. At the initial stage, good spirits can be restored with the help of medicinal plants. They have a beneficial effect on the body and do not harm it.

In this, sedative herbs have a significant advantage over pharmaceutical chemicals.

Recipes and cooking methods

There are many different recipes for making herbal infusions and teas. The plant world of medicinal herbs is large, so they can be changed every week. For serious mental disorders, a collection of 3-5 medicinal plants is used. Each of them performs its own functions, and also perfectly complement each other.

The most popular sedative is mint or lemon balm tea. To prepare such a drink, 1 tsp. raw materials are poured with 1 glass of boiling water and infused for several minutes. The tea is fragrant and calms the nerves well.

Soothing decoction of mint and St. John's wort with the addition of fireweed. This combination of herbs is suitable for people who are constantly under stress. The decoction calms and helps not to react to conflicts. To prepare the drink, we take herbs 1 tsp each. each and mix in a bowl. Now add 1 liter of hot boiled water. You need to insist until it cools down completely. This infusion should be drunk daily for one week.

Herbal infusion: mint, lemon balm, chamomile, fireweed, and hop cones. We mix all the ingredients for 1 tsp. The drink can be infused in a thermos: for a portion of the mixture - 250 ml of boiling water. Infuse for about 2 hours, and then strain the liquid. Take an infusion of 50 ml before meals up to 5 times a day. The course of treatment is 10 days.

If it is not possible to collect medicinal herbs on your own, then you can always purchase them at a pharmacy. They are sold individually or ready-made fees. Each sedative comes with instructions on how to prepare the drug.

Sedative herbs are often used for water procedures. To calm the nervous system, it is useful to add 2-3 drops of peppermint, rosemary or lemongrass oil to a warm water bath. The procedure should last 15-20 minutes. An olive-citrus bath soothes well. Enough 1 lemon and 1 tbsp. olive oil. Citrus cut and pour warm water for infusion. Then pour the infusion into the bath along with the oil.

Tea, tincture

In nature, there are many plants that can stop the inflammatory processes of the nervous system. Experts recommend preparing teas and tinctures from them. To do this, you can use the following herbs: chamomile, lavender, mint, motherwort, linden, willow-herb, etc. Such sedative teas act on the body only after a while with their constant use.

All herbs that are recommended for making drinks have a powerful sedative effect. Before taking them, you should visit a doctor for a consultation. The fact is that even such useful medicinal herbs have their contraindications. In addition, the wrong dosage can lead to side effects.

Syrup

Sedatives in the form of syrup for adults and children can be bought at a pharmacy. This form of medicine is available without a prescription. In addition to active components from medicinal herbs, their composition includes vitamins C and B6 and flavored additives. Basically, sedative syrups are intended for children. The tool is used for 2 tsp. after meals 4 times a day. The course of treatment is from 15 to 30 days.

A person always strives to do everything and this makes him vulnerable to mental stress. The cause of nervous disorders can also be quarrels in the family, dissatisfaction with work, their housing or financial situation.

The current life is addictive with its rhythm, not everyone can refuse such a state of affairs or look at the world through rose-colored glasses. But you should not start the problem, otherwise it will lead to negative consequences. There are many remedies that calm the nerves and prevent depression, the safest of which are herbs.

What herbs calm the nervous system?

Calming herbs are effective and do not cause habituation (addiction), the most popular among them are:

chamomile - has a positive effect on the nervous system, relieves muscle block;
St. John's wort - has a calming effect, relieves feelings of anxiety and fear;
valerian - copes with nervousness and excitement;
wormwood - helps to get rid of hysterical seizures and insomnia;
linden - along with lemon balm relieves excessive irritability;
mint - relieves internal tension, normalizes sleep;
creeping thyme - has a mild hypnotic and sedative effect;
fireweed - has a calming property, helps to get rid of headaches and insomnia;
Adonis - calms the nerves, increases vital interest;
yarrow - used to treat nervous breakdowns.

List of soothing herbs for making tea

In our country, there are a lot of wild and cultivated plants that have a calming effect. Consider a list of the most popular herbs used in alternative medicine for medicinal drinks:

chamomile officinalis;
creeping thyme;
peppermint
zhgun-grass;
motherwort ordinary;
cat grass;
cyanosis azure;
marsh cudweed;
hawthorn blood-red;
oregano;
small-leaved linden.

The strongest of this list is cyanosis, which is almost 10 times greater than the action of pharmacy valerian. Motherwort is 4 times more effective than valerian, and therefore it is given second place. Almost all of the above plants have a repulsive specific smell, which makes it difficult to use them for daily tea drinking.
It should be noted that there are no plants with a potent sedative property, since they cannot be taken on their own, without medical advice.

For swimming

Baths based on soothing herbs have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, relieve fatigue, stress, give peace of mind and normal sleep. Baths with a therapeutic effect have:

valerian rhizome (relieve nervous excitement, relieve insomnia);
cut grass, hops and hawthorn (protect against cardiac neurosis);
coniferous branches and cones (relieve irritability);
celandine and horsetail (calm, relax and promote recuperation);
yaver greens (successfully used in the treatment of neuroses);
peppermint, wormwood and linden (soothes the nerves).

Recipes for decoctions with a calming effect

Mint decoction. In 200 ml of boiling water add 25 gr. mint, boil for 5 minutes. Take after dinner 100 ml. Peppermint calms the nerves and promotes sound and restful sleep.
Motherwort infusion. Pour 5 gr. motherwort herbs 100 ml hot water. It is necessary to take the infusion for a long time, but at the same time in small portions, 1-2 times a day. This decoction has a very sharp, unpleasant, bitter taste, but it quickly puts the nervous system in order and helps to fall asleep faster.
A decoction of oregano. 10 gr. herbs pour 50 ml of boiling water. The result is a soft aromatic drink that you need to drink in small portions of about 100 ml throughout the day. In addition, you can wash your face with this decoction before going to bed. Oregano well calms the nerves, promotes sound sleep, relieves insomnia.
Chamomile with honey. 10 gr. chamomile and 1 tsp. honeycomb pour 200 ml of boiling water. This infusion can be drunk instead of black tea, at any time of the day.

Soothing herbs collection

2 parts mint leaves, 2 parts water shamrock leaves, 1 part valerian rhizomes, and 1 part hop cones. Mix the components together, measure out 2 tbsp. this mixture and pour them with boiled water. Let it brew for 30 minutes, then strain. Herbal collection has an effect, listens to irritability, relieves insomnia.
Catnip, Baikal skullcap and valerian in equal proportions. 2 tbsp pour the mixture with boiling water and insist for 25-30 minutes. Then strain and drink. Collection of herbs has a good calming effect, relieves insomnia.
3 parts valerian rhizomes, 3 parts mint leaves, 4 parts water shamrock leaves. Mix all these components together, measure out 2 tbsp. and pour 400 ml of boiling water. Let it brew for 30 minutes, then strain. Herbal collection has a good sedative effect, relieves irritability and insomnia.
Mix valerian roots with motherwort, fennel fruits and thyme in equal proportions. Measure out 2 tbsp. and pour 400 ml of boiling water. When the broth has cooled, it will need to be filtered. The medicine helps with increased irritability and nervous excitability.
2 parts valerian roots, 3 parts chamomile and 5 parts thyme fruit. Mix, measure out 2 tbsp. and pour 400 ml of boiling water. Keep for 30 minutes and strain. The decoction helps with sleep disorders, increased nervous excitement and irritability.

Herbal preparations to calm the nerves

In order to cure excessive excitability and nervousness, the modern pharmacological industry produces drugs that have a calming effect on the nervous system. These include:

Novopassit- a combination drug with a calming and anti-anxiety effect. It contains: lemon balm, valerian rhizomes, elder flowers, hawthorn, passion flower, St. John's wort, hops and guaifenesin.

Corvalol- an affordable and effective drug that relieves spasms and calms the nerves. It is prescribed for various forms of neurosis, insomnia, increased heart rate, high blood pressure.

Remedy "Soothing herbs" from Leovit

An effective remedy "Calming herbs" from the brand "Leovit" not only reduces the excitability of the nervous system, but also includes: nutmeg, valerian, hawthorn, lemon balm and coriander.

The medicine is available in the form of tablets and is recommended for use from 12 years of age. It is drunk in courses lasting 2 weeks. Contraindications include individual intolerance, allergies, pregnancy and lactation.

Valerian tablets

Each valerian tablet consists of a complex of active chemical substances: essential oil, valepotriates, glycosides, alkaloids, polysaccharides, resins, organic acids, etc. These substances act on the brain, as a result of which the increased heartbeat decreases and the vessels dilate.

Valerian has a suppressive effect on the nervous system, reduces its activity, and normalizes sleep. To achieve a stable therapeutic effect, the drug must be drunk in a course.

What herbs can pregnant women and children

In the first place among all the recommended soothing herbs during pregnancy are valerian and motherwort. They are available in the form of tablets and herbs. The first ones are drunk in a course and taken according to the instructions, and the herbs are brewed as a soothing tea. Recommended proportions: ½ tsp valerian and ½ tsp. motherwort per cup. And since the herb does not have a pleasant smell and taste, it is added to ready-made black or green tea. You can add a spoonful of honey or sugar to the drink for a more pleasant tea drinking.

Lemon balm, chamomile and mint are in second place among medicinal herbs used to calm the nerves. They are also added to a regular teapot for brewing.

For baby bathing, the following types of herbs are used:

chamomile;
plantain;
mint;
valerian;
motherwort;
thyme;
calendula.

All these herbs are allowed for bathing small children. To the question: should I give herbal decoction in the form of tea? - the best answer is a pediatrician.

Bathing herbs should be brewed right before the bathing procedure itself. 3-4 tbsp herbs or collection pour 1 liter of boiling water. Let it brew for 40-50 minutes, strain, and only then add to the bath. This volume is designed for 10 liters of water. If you need a smaller amount of water, then the calculation of the decoction must be made in accordance with this condition. Unclaimed infusion can be put in the refrigerator until the next day, after closing the jar with a lid.

Sedatives are drugs of plant or synthetic origin that work to reduce emotional stress and have a calming effect on the central nervous system without disrupting its basic functions. This is an extensive group of drugs, including more than a hundred items.

Among them, herbal products are considered the safest. Herbal sedatives can be purchased at the pharmacy freely, without a doctor's prescription, while stronger sedatives cannot be bought just like that, they must be prescribed by a specialist strictly according to indications.

In modern society, a person is daily subjected to pressure, experiences nervous tension and often cannot cope with negative emotions. A variety of stressful situations, conflicts at work and at home, insomnia - all this, ultimately, can lead to a nervous breakdown. Sedative drugs help to cope with the situation, the action of which is aimed at reducing psycho-emotional excitability, reducing sensitivity to various stimuli, and normalizing the functions of the nervous and cardiovascular systems.

The use of sedatives allows you to cope with bouts of irritability, aggressiveness, suppress the excitation of the nervous system, put the autonomic system in order. Sedatives improve well-being, reduce tearfulness or symptoms caused by excitement, such as excessive sweating, hand tremors. Additionally, such medicines calm the heartbeat, relieve intestinal spasms, facilitate falling asleep and normalize physiological sleep, without showing a negative effect on the cerebral cortex. Drugs with a sedative effect are widely used in the treatment of various neuroses, neurasthenia, and in combination with other drugs are used to treat hypertension, menopausal manifestations, irritable bowel syndrome or disorders of the cardiovascular system.

Classification

All sedative drugs can be divided into several main groups:

herbal products;
bromides;
combined preparations;
synthetic drugs (tranquilizers).

Sedative drugs without prescription - list

Herbal preparations with a calming effect are as environmentally friendly as possible, safe, do not have a negative effect on internal organs and do not cause dangerous side reactions. Such funds are dispensed from pharmacies without a doctor's prescription. They are prepared on the basis of medicinal herbs with a calming and relaxing effect that are not addictive. These are preparations based on valerian, motherwort, passionflower, St. John's wort. We list the most popular and sought after of them:

valerian extract (tincture, tablets, capsules, tea bags);
Motherwort (tincture, tablets, herb);
Capsules Motherwort Forte (from Evalar);
Preparations based on passionflower;
Landyshevo-motherwort drops;
Peony tincture or peony extract (tablets);
Grass of a zeroboy;
Preparations Negrustin, Deprim and Neuroplant (with St. John's wort extract).

Preparations based on valerian are prepared from the leaves, stem and rhizomes of the medicinal plant. Medicines quickly reduce nervous excitability, relieve intestinal colic, and normalize sleep. Alcohol tincture of valerian is much more effective than tablets. Only 40 drops of the drug can have a pronounced sedative effect on a large man suffering from neurasthenia. In addition to the sedative effect, valerian preparations exhibit choleretic and antispasmodic properties.

Sedatives based on passionflower (passionflower) are used as part of the complex treatment of neurosis and neurasthenia. They help to cope with irritability, unreasonable fears, obsessions, make it easier to fall asleep and make sleep deep and healthy.

This therapeutic effect provides a complex of flavonoids and alkaloids contained in the plant. Additionally, passionflower has a slight anticonvulsant and antispasmodic effect, relieves tremors (hand and head trembling), headaches, and alleviates menopause.

Sedatives based on motherwort and peony show a pronounced sedative effect, normalize the functions of the vegetative - vascular and nervous systems, relieve increased excitability, anxiety, and insomnia. Preparations based on St. John's wort (Negrustin, Neuroplant), in addition to the sedative effect, exhibit antidepressant properties, improve mood, and relieve depressive states.

Sedatives based on plant extracts can be bought at any pharmacy, they are quite inexpensive, from 20 to 70 rubles. The only exceptions are tablets and capsules with St. John's wort extract. So the cost of the drug Neuroplant is within 200 rubles, Deprim - from 150 to 240 rubles.

Bromides

Bromides are bromine-based sedatives, available as inexpensive potions, tablets, or drops. Their action is aimed at inhibiting the processes of excitation and reducing nervous tension. The main drugs in this group:

Potassium bromide solution (can be used in children);
Bromocamphor (tablets);
Bromenval (drops);
Adonis bromine (tablets).

Adonis bromine tablets, in addition to potassium bromide, contain the glycoside of the adonis plant and exhibit not only a sedative, but also a cardiostatic effect, quickly cope with heart palpitations during neurotic reactions, and help with vegetative-vascular dystonia.

Bromocamphor tablets exhibit a sedative effect due to increased inhibition processes in the brain, improve cardiac activity, help with sleep disorders, tachycardia, and blood pressure surges. At the same time, such funds should be taken with caution and not exceed the permissible duration of the course of treatment.

Otherwise, an overdose of bromides can provoke allergic reactions, lethargy, drowsiness, digestive system disorders, memory loss, skin rashes. The cost of bromides averages from 50 to 100 rubles.

Combined sedatives

The best sedative preparations are made on the basis of a combination of plant and chemical components that complement and enhance each other's action. Among the combined herbal remedies, the following medicines are especially popular:

Persen (capsules, tablets)

A mild and safe sedative, which contains a well-chosen combination of valerian, mint and lemon balm. The drug exhibits a pronounced sedative effect, quickly relieves internal tension, irritability, anxiety, and prevents the progression of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Persen helps with insomnia, speeds up the process of falling asleep and makes sleep deeper. The standard dose of the drug is 1 tablet 2-3 times a day, with an increased level of nervousness, the doctor can increase the amount of the sedative. If Persen is prescribed to combat insomnia, it is enough to take 1 tablet one hour before going to bed.

The drug is well tolerated, but still has a number of contraindications. The sedative should not be taken by children under 12 years of age, with individual intolerance to its components, peptic ulcer and gallstone disease, hypertension, as well as during pregnancy and lactation. The duration of treatment with a sedative drug should not exceed two months. The cost of Persen varies from 150 to 350 rubles and depends on the dosage and form of release.

Combined herbal preparation with a sedative effect based on the substance of guaifenesin and extracts of St. John's wort, valerian, lemon balm, hawthorn, passionflower, hops and elderberry. Guaifenesin works well with increased anxiety, and medicinal herbs provide a calming effect. The drug is produced in the form of tablets and solution (syrup) and is prescribed for mild forms of neurasthenia, overwork, stressful situations, sleep disorders.

In addition, Novo-Passit will help to cope with irritable bowel syndrome, migraine, manifestations of itchy dermatoses caused by psychological problems and menopausal disorders.

Novo - passit is taken before meals, three times a day (1 tablet) or 5 ml (1 measuring spoon) of the solution. Among the contraindications to taking a sedative are diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute period, liver pathologies, head injuries, and a tendency to allergic reactions. When taking the drug, side effects may occur - weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Therefore, before buying a medication, it is recommended to consult a doctor. The cost of Novopassit is from 270 to 380 rubles.

Tablets with a sedative effect are produced on the basis of lemon balm extract, valerian and ethanol. The drug helps with excessive nervousness and problems with falling asleep. It is recommended to take 2 tablets of Dormiplant at bedtime or the same amount of the drug twice a day to reduce nervous excitability.

The herbal sedative preparation is quite safe, has a minimum of contraindications (children under 6 years of age, pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity to the components). Of the side effects in some cases, the development of allergic reactions is noted.

Liquid forms of sedatives

In this case, sedatives are prepared on the basis of alcohol solutions and are released in the form of drops, which must be dissolved in water before taking. In the composition of such preparations, along with plant components, there are also chemical components.

List of sedative drugs in the form of drops:

Valocordin;
Corvalol;
Zelenin drops;
Valosedan;
Valoserdin;
Nervoflux.

Valocordin. The composition of this product includes mint and hop oils and chemical components (phenobarbital, ethyl alcohol, etc.). The drug has a sedative and mild hypnotic effect, it helps well with cardiac neurosis, unreasonable fears, insomnia, and excessive irritability.

Corvalol contains phenobarbital and mint oil, its therapeutic effect resembles the effect of the use of Valocordin, but is not expressed so strongly. The drug calms, facilitates falling asleep, reduces the heart rate, relieves intestinal spasms and alleviates the manifestations of vegetative-vascular dystonia.

Zelenin drops- a combined remedy consisting of levomethol, extracts of lily of the valley, belladonna and valerian. Recommended for use in chronic heart failure, nervous excitability, vegetative-vascular dystonia. Taking drops helps to stabilize the psycho-emotional background and relieve excessive nervous tension. Contraindications to the use of the drug are children's age (up to 18 years), hypersensitivity, pregnancy and lactation, angle-closure glaucoma, brain injury, chronic alcoholism.

Strong sedatives

The most pronounced sedative effect is possessed by sedatives and tranquilizers. They belong to psychotropic drugs that are used in many branches of medicine and exhibit a powerful sedative, anti-anxiety, anticonvulsant and hypnotic effect. Such funds quickly relieve psycho-emotional stress, suppress fears and eliminate neurotic disorders.

But tranquilizers are dangerous toxic drugs, with a lot of side effects and contraindications, which, moreover, can be addictive. Therefore, such drugs can only be prescribed by a neurologist or psychiatrist, and the course of treatment should be under the supervision of a specialist. Medicines in this group are dispensed from pharmacies only by prescription. Of the potent sedatives can be called:

Hydroxyzine;
Buspirone;
Lorazepam;
Amitriptyline;
Bromazepam;
diazepam.

In a separate group, daytime tranquilizers are distinguished, which have a minimal hypnotic and muscle relaxant effect, but at the same time have a sedative effect and suppress anxiety and nervousness. This group of drugs includes Gidazepam, Mebicar, Phenibut, etc. They can be taken in the daytime and at the same time lead a normal life.

Of the group of mild daytime tranquilizers, perhaps the only one that can be purchased at the pharmacy freely, without a doctor's prescription. The drug well suppresses unreasonable fears, anxiety, shyness, relieves excessive sensitivity and tearfulness, helps relieve tension, cope with a stress factor, makes it easier to fall asleep.

Taking pills helps relieve organic manifestations of nervous disorders (rapid breathing and heartbeat, hand trembling, increased sweating, dizziness, intestinal colic). There are few contraindications to the use of this remedy: it is hypersensitivity, childhood, pregnancy and lactation. Of the side effects in some cases, allergic reactions were noted. The cost of Afobazole is 280 - 320 rubles per pack of 60 tablets.

Other sedatives

This group includes sedatives for the nervous system with nootropic effects. The most popular of them are Tenoten and Glycine.

Tenoten- this medication has a direct effect on the central nervous system, improves the emotional background, reduces aggressiveness, relieves tension, helps to cope with stress. In this case, the drug does not cause drowsiness or lethargy. It is recommended for excessive irritability, stress, autonomic disorders, neurosis-like conditions. Tablets are intended for resorption in the oral cavity, they are taken twice a day. The cost of Tenoten is from 160 rubles.
- a drug whose action is aimed at reducing psycho-emotional stress, reducing conflict and aggressiveness. Taking absorbable tablets improves social adaptation and reduces the severity of vegetative disorders. Glycine helps to normalize sleep and makes it easier to fall asleep. During the day, the drug increases mental performance, improves memory, and is also recommended for use to restore brain function after a stroke.

List of sedatives for children

For children, specially designed sedatives are used. Most often, these are homeopathic preparations or safe herbal medicines. If a child suffers from increased nervous excitability and sleep disturbances, preparations based on motherwort, mint or valerian are traditionally prescribed in the dosage indicated by the doctor.

For particularly restless, capricious and hyperactive children during their preparation for kindergarten or school, the Hare syrup is recommended. This is a mild sedative based on fructose, which will help to cope with anxiety and tension in the first days of being in a children's team. The basis of the preparation is only natural plant extracts (chamomile, motherwort, mint, lemon balm, valerian, hawthorn, cumin, barberry) and a complex of vitamins C and B6. The dosage is selected depending on age and is 1-2 tablespoons of syrup three times a day. The drug can be diluted with water or added to other drinks.

When taking any sedatives purchased without a doctor's prescription, it is important to follow a few basic rules:

Do not use the medicine for longer than 2 weeks.
In the absence of a therapeutic effect for 3 days of regular intake, the medication should be discarded.
If side effects such as a sharp decrease in concentration, dizziness and slow psychomotor reactions appear, the sedative should be stopped immediately and a doctor should be consulted.

This group of plants in the experiment has an effect close to that of acetylcholine and carbacholine, associated with the excitation of M- and H-cholinergic systems. Since the parasympathetic nervous system, sympathetic ganglia are simultaneously excited and adrenaline is released from the adrenal glands, the clinical picture is characterized mainly by vagal symptoms (Anichkov, Belenky, 1968).

Galega officinalis(Galega officinalis L.). It has an insulin-like effect, in connection with which it is popularly used as a tonic for diabetes mellitus. It has been established that the herb contains the alkaloid galegin, which has a number of cholinomimetic properties. When applied topically, it narrows the pupil, increases milk secretion, reduces blood sugar, etc. However, this increases blood pressure, and intestinal motility is inhibited (Volynsky et al., 1983). Another alkaloid - petanine - has an anticholinesterase effect, lowering blood pressure, increasing the tone of the intestines and uterus, causing muscle contraction and even convulsions (Sadritdinov, Kurmukov, 1980).

In the total extracts of the plant, the action of alkaloids is balanced, and vagal symptoms appear: diuretic, diaphoretic, hypotensive effect, improvement in heart function, increased glycogen content in the liver and heart, especially in galega eastern(Galega orientalis L.) (Damirov et al., 1982). Considering that the plant in the Caucasus was eaten in boiled form (Medvedev, 1957), relatively low toxicity, it is promising to study its restorative properties.

Stinging nettle(Utrica dioica L.), stinging nettle(Utrica urens L.). Plants are well known as a tonic, vitamin remedy. However, we want to draw attention to the little-studied aspects of the action of nettle. It accumulates a large amount of acetylcholine, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (Hegnauer, 1973). Despite the fact that acetylcholine is destroyed in the intestines, biogenic amines can cause some vagal effects: increased tone of the intestines and uterus, diuretic, choleretic, lactogenic, hypoglycemic, sedative effects. Perhaps this partly explains the effectiveness of the plant in epilepsy, hysteria, paralysis (Grossheim, 1942). Of course, phytoestrogens can also play a role in the restorative effect of plants (Turova, 1967). In general, the cholinomimetic effect of nettle needs to be studied.

common flax(Linaria vulgaris Mill.). It is used in folk medicine as a sedative, tonic, choleretic, diuretic, uterine, laxative (Skalozubov, 1913; Makhlayuk, 1967). clinical effects. Flavonoids of flaxseed enhance cardiac activity, increase blood flow, increase blood pressure. Drugs are recommended as sedatives (Choi Taesop, 1987).

Thus, the use of plants that have a calming effect that improves sleep is an important way to improve performance.

(part 2)

PATRINIA MEDIUM (STONE VALERIAN) -
PATRINIA INTERMEDIA HORN. R.O.E.M. ET SCHULT.
FAMILY VALERIAN - VALERIAN "ACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant 30-50 cm high. The rhizome is large, many-headed. The root is almost unbranched, gray at the break. The stems are thick, covered with simple, very short hairs, with two to five pairs of leaves. The leaves are opposite, pinnately dissected to the midline, smooth, gray-green in color; basal - petiolate, stem - sessile. The flowers are bright yellow with a bell-shaped corolla, located on corymbose-paniculate inflorescences. Calyx fused with ovary. The fruit is an achene, slightly pubescent. Blooms in June - July; fruits ripen in July - August.

It grows in the mountains and foothills of Central Asia (Tien Shan, Semirechye), as well as in Altai, on rocky slopes, pebbles and sands.

Organs used: rhizomes, roots and seeds.

Chemical composition. The roots contain saponins, from which patrinin (C53H88O15) (?) has been isolated. Hydrolysis of the sum of saponins yielded oleanolic acid (C30H48O3), fructose, xylose, and rhamnose. A large number of alkaloids were found in the roots and seeds. Patrinosides A, C, D, interoside B and its aglycone have been isolated and studied.

Pharmacological properties not studied enough. Available data indicate that preparations of patrinia medium in action resemble valerian officinalis. NV Vershinin (1952) writes that patrinia roots have the ability to reduce the excitability of the nervous system. This remedy has a more pronounced (about 150%) sedative effect compared to ordinary valerian, but it is more toxic. Clinical trials have shown that the use of a 20% alcohol tincture (15 drops 1-3 times a day) stops or significantly reduces the nervous and cardiovascular excitation caused by the subcutaneous administration of caffeine, as well as unpleasant subjective sensations in the heart area. VM Ivanova (1965) found that the biological activity of patrinia average is associated with saponins, the removal of which from the tincture leads to a complete loss of its pharmacological properties.

Application. Preparations of rhizomes with roots of patrinia average are used along with valerian for increased nervous excitability and heart neuroses. Of the preparations of patrinia, infusion and tincture are used.

Rp.: Inf.rad. Patrinae ex 10.0: 200.0
D.S. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day
Rp.: T-rae Patriniae 20 ml
D.S. 20 drops 3 times a day

LITERATURE
Ivanova V.M. The study of the roots and rhizomes of patrinia average as a source of new drugs.- Abstract of the thesis. cand. dis., M., 1965.

PEONY EVIDENT (MAR'IN ROOT)-PAEONIA ANOMALA L.
FAMILY PIONOCOLOR - PAEONACEAE

Description. Perennial large herbaceous plant 60-100 cm high, with a short multi-headed rhizome; root brown-brown, thick, fleshy. Leaves only stalked, twice or trichately dissected into lanceolate lobules. The flowers are large, the calyx consists of 5 unequal green leaves remaining with the fruits. The fruit consists of 3-5 leaflets. Blossoms in May - June, bears fruit in July - August.

Geographic distribution. North-eastern regions of the European part of the USSR and Siberia to the western regions of Yakutia. Occurs in the mountain-forest regions of Kazakhstan.

Organs Used: roots.

Chemical composition. The roots contain an essential oil (up to 1.6%), which includes peon o l (C9H | 0Oz), methyl salicylate, benzoic and salicylic acids. The roots contain starch (up to 79%), glycoside salicin (C|3H|8O7), sugars, tannin and a small amount of alkaloids. Ascorbic acid is found in leaves and flowers. Up to 27% fatty oil was found in the seeds.

pharmacological properties. As A.D. Turova writes, a tincture from the roots of the evading peony (Maryin root), prepared with 40% alcohol in a ratio of 1:10, has low toxicity (E.A. Trutneva). In an experiment on mice, it causes a sedative effect, has an anticonvulsant effect in convulsions caused by camphor and nicotine, and increases the duration of thiopental and hexenal anesthesia. The herb tincture is less active than the root tincture. Apparently, these pharmacological properties are mainly inherent not only to the evading peony, but also to other plants of this genus: spring peony and obverse oval peony (G.E. Kurentsova, 1941), semi-shrub peony (V.V. Reverdatto), decorative peony ( D. Jordanov et al., 1972).

Application. Tincture from the roots of the evasive peony is used as a sedative in neurasthenic conditions with symptoms of increased excitability, insomnia, phobic and hypochondriacal conditions, as well as in vegetative-vascular disorders of various etiologies (A.D. Turova). Peony evasive and peony officinalis are recommended as hemostatic agents.

Peony root tincture is used orally 30-40 drops 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 30 days. A decoction of the roots of an evasive peony, see below.

Peony roots and tree bark (60 g) are poured into 600 g of boiled water, boiled until the water evaporates to a volume of 200 g, cooled and filtered. Assign 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

LITERATURE
Turgeneva E. A. (Trutneva E. A.). To the pharmacology and clinic of the evading peony (Maryin root) .- In the book: Materials of the II meeting on the study of medicinal plants of Siberia and the Far East, Tomsk, 1961.

wormwood (Chernobylnik)- ARTEMISIA VULQAR1S L.
FAMILY ASTER (COMBOSITES))-ASTERACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant 100-150 cm high. Rhizome multi-headed, with short shoots and branched brownish roots. Stems are erect, ribbed, reddish, straight-pubescent. The leaves are alternate, usually sessile, gradually decreasing towards the top of the stem, dark green above, bare, white-felt below. The lower and middle leaves are elliptical or ovate. The flowers are collected in obovate or elliptical baskets, sitting on short lateral branches, together form a paniculate inflorescence. The fruit is a broadly fusiform olive-brown achene. Flowering in June-August, fruiting in August-October.

Almost throughout the USSR as a weedy or semi-weedy plant.

Organs used: tops of flowering plants (grass) and roots.

Chemical composition. The grass contains an essential oil, which includes: cineol, alpha-thujone and borneol. In addition, the leaves contain carotene and ascorbic acid, and the roots contain an essential oil, from which dihydromatricarium ether (C11H8O2) and ketone (C14H14O) are isolated.

pharmacological properties. Wormwood, or Chernobyl, like its species - Indian Chernobyl, has a pronounced sedative effect on the central nervous system: it causes anticonvulsant, mild hypnotic, analgesic and antispasmodic effects. Wormwood, or Chernobyl, like Indian Chernobyl, was used in folk medicine for neurasthenia and other nervous diseases, epilepsy and other convulsions and hysteria (A.P. Nelyubin), chorea (X. Hager, vol. I), inflammation of the meninges (V.P. Makhlayuk). In Bulgarian folk medicine, wormwood was used for insomnia, nervous attacks and toothache in young children (D. Yordanov et al.). Wormwood has an antipyretic, antiseptic and antitoxic effect (G.N. Kovaleva). This plant is also characterized by a hemostatic effect, confirmed by the research of M.N. Varlakov.

Application. Wormwood is widely used as a sedative, anticonvulsant, analgesic and hypnotic. Preparations of this type of wormwood are effective for neurasthenia and neuralgic pains, menstrual irregularities, as an anesthetic and accelerating labor, as a sedative for epilepsy, convulsions and states of increased excitation of the nervous system, as well as for toxicosis of pregnant women. An infusion of mugwort grass is recommended externally for inflammation of the mucous membranes, for the treatment of ulcers and wounds that do not heal for a long time. In the form of applying fresh herbs to wounds, as well as applying napkins soaked in fresh plant juice.

1. A tablespoon of powder from the tops of the branches is poured into 0.5 liters of boiling water, insisted for several hours, filtered. Take "/ 2 cups 3 times a day.

2. The roots of wormwood (30 g) pour 0.5 liters of white wine, boil for 1 minute (you can add honey), insist until completely cooled, filter. Take 3 tablespoons on an empty stomach.

Motherwort heart (five-lobed motherwort)-LEONURUS QUINQUELOBATUS GILIB.
FAMILY LAMINATE (LABIOFLUE) - LAM1ACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant with a woody rhizome. The stem is tetrahedral, 50-200 cm high, branching, short and curly haired along the ribs. Leaves glabrous, stem on petioles, ovate; the upper ones are three-parted, the lower ones are five-parted up to half their length, with wide oblong dentate lobes. In the inflorescence, the leaves are elliptical with two lateral teeth.

Blossoms in June - July, fruits ripen in July - August.

Geographic distribution. Almost the entire European part of the USSR, except for the North, the Caucasus, Western Siberia. It grows near housing, in wastelands, weedy places, vegetable gardens.

Organs used: upper particles of a flowering plant (grass).

Chemical composition. At the beginning of flowering, alkaloids are found, including stachydrine (C7H13O2N), saponins, tannins, bitter and sugary substances, essential oil, flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, quinqueloside), p-coumaric, traces of vitamins A and C.

Pharmacological properties. N.V. Vershinin writes that motherwort herb “contains principles that depress the central nervous system, the action of which is similar to valerian, but 2 times more intense” (N.V. Vershinin, D.D. Yablokov). In addition to its calming effect on the central nervous system, motherwort has a regulating effect on the cardiovascular apparatus, slowing down the heart rate if it is rapid, and lowering blood pressure if it is elevated. It is readily prescribed by doctors instead of valerian in the form of an alcohol tincture (1:5), 15 drops 3 times a day. Infusion of motherwort five-lobed and motherwort heart is used as a sedative for increased nervous excitability, cardiovascular neuroses, early stages of hypertension, while its effect is stronger than valerian (N.V. Kozlovskaya and others). In folk medicine of Belarus, in addition, a decoction of motherwort herb is used for diseases of the bladder, for coughing, palpitations and convulsions (V.G. Nikolaeva).

In Bulgaria, motherwort is used as a hemostatic agent (D. Yordanov and others). V.N. Mirnoye established in an experiment that motherwort preparations accelerate the process of blood clotting.

Indications for the appointment of motherwort five-lobed, hearty and Siberian are almost the same (A.F. Gammerman and others). These medicinal plants are used not only in the USSR, but also in other countries. So, in Romania it is used not only as a heart remedy, but also in Graves' disease and epilepsy; in England - with hysteria and neuralgia; in the USSR - with increased excitability of the nervous system, cardiovascular neurosis, convulsions, etc.

It is now established that all species of motherwort are only different forms "which are not recognized as a distinct taxon", so they have the same pharmacological properties.

Application. An extract and tincture of motherwort herb in 70% alcohol is recommended as a sedative, significantly superior to valerian preparations, for cardiovascular neurosis, hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiosclerosis, myocarditis, myocardial dystrophy, heart defects, and also for brain contusions (N. V. Vershinin , D. D. Yablokov)

Method of preparation and use

1. Freshly squeezed juice of motherwort herb is prescribed orally 25-40 drops 3 times a day half an hour before meals.

2. Two tablespoons of herbs are poured into a glass of boiling water, infused at room temperature until completely cooled, filtered. Assign inside 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day.

3. A mixture of 2 parts of freshly squeezed juice with 3 parts of 40% alcohol is administered orally 30-40 drops 3 times a day.

4. Finely chopped motherwort grass (20 g) is poured with 100 ml of 40% alcohol, infused for 7 days. Assign inside 30-40 drops 3-4 times a day.

5. A mixture consisting of equal parts (40 g each) of motherwort grass, marsh cudweed grass, hawthorn flowers and white mistletoe leaves is poured with 1 liter of boiling water, infused in a warm place for 2 hours in a sealed container, filtered. Assign inside 1/4-1/3 cup 3 times a day.

6. Motherwort powder is prescribed orally for 1 g 3 times a day.

Rp.: Inf. herbae Leonuri 15.0: 200 ml
D.S. 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day
Rp.: T-rae Leonuri 25 ml
D.S. 30-40 drops 3-4 times a day
Rp.: Herbae Leonuri Folii Menthae
Radicis Valerianae aa 15.0 M.f. species
D.S. 1 teaspoon per glass, c- brew as a tea.
Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day

LITERATURE
Vershinin N.V., Yablokov D.D. To pharmacology and clinic of motherwort.- Pharmacol. i Toksikol., 1943, No. 3.
Vydrina S.N., Shreter A.I. Motherwort heart.- In the book: Atlas of habitats and resources of medicinal plants of the USSR. M., 1976, p. 290.

RUTA SMELLING (RUTA FRAGRANT)- RUTA GRAVEOLENS L.
RUTE FAMILY -RUTACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant or grayish-green subshrub 50-80 cm high. Stems and leaves are bluish-green. The stem is erect, woody at the base, growing annually at the top with herbaceous shoots. The leaves are alternate, twice or thrice pinnately dissected. The flowers are yellowish-green, collected in a corymbose panicle at the top of the stem. The fruit is a 4-5-cell box. The plant has a peculiar unpleasant smell. Blossoms in June - July, fruits ripen in August - September.

Geographic distribution. In the USSR - in the Crimea, medicinal plants are cultivated on state farms.

Organs used: aerial part (grass).

Chemical composition. The plant contains alkaloids - arbitrary quinolines: fagarin, skimmianin, cocusagin; flavonoid glycoside rutin, furocoumarins and coumarins: psoralen, bergapten, xanthotoxin, etc., as well as graveollenic acid, acronicin, 0.12-0.7% essential oil, resinous substances (V. I. Popov et al., Ibn Sina noted hemostatic, analgesic, anti-toxic and sharpening vision effect of odorous rue.

Pharmacological properties. Ruta odorous has a sedative, antispasmodic, hemostatic, tonic effect.

Application. In folk medicine, rue grass is taken orally as a decoction for hysteria, epilepsy, loss of strength, stomach cramps, often with valerian, and menstrual irregularities. Fresh rue juice is applied to wounds. Used for purulent conjunctivitis (N. G. Kovaleva, 1971).

D. Yordanov et al. recommend the use of rue for spasm of the accommodative muscle and inflammation of the eyelids, delayed menstruation, palpitations due to nerves, cardiac spasms, dizziness, hemorrhoids and skin rashes (however, the authors stipulate that the use of rue in these cases needs clinical confirmation).

Ruta is prescribed as an infusion: an incomplete teaspoon of raw materials is poured into 2 glasses of cold water and infused for 8 hours (daily dose).

Rue is contraindicated for pregnant women. In large doses, it is poisonous, so it should not be taken for a long time. In persons with hypersensitivity, contact with rue leaves causes a rash, itching, and sometimes swelling of the skin.

Rue is used as a seasoning for food, and for medical purposes, its dried leaves and essential oil, extracted from fresh plants by distillation with water, are used (V.K. Varlikh).

Another species of the genus - whole leaf punctured - contains a large number of alkaloids, derivatives of isoquinoline. Some of them have been pharmacologically studied, they turned out to be of low toxicity, possessing sedative, analgesic, hypnotic and other properties. In folk medicine, the plant is used as a sedative for increased nervous excitability and nervous palpitations (V.P. Makhlayuk).

Cooking methods

1. One part of the juice from fresh crushed leaves of odorous rue is poured with 6 parts of alcohol, put in a dark room for 10 days and filtered. This tincture is prescribed 10 drops 3 times a day for patients suffering from lack of appetite and indigestion.

2. Tea from the infusion of rue and valerian root, taken in equal parts (1/4 cup, we dare, pour boiling water). In hysteria, the patient is prescribed to drink such an infusion in sips. Daily dose - 1 cup.

3. Pounded rue leaves mixed with almond oil are applied to bleeding bruises.

LITERATURE
Akhmethodzhasva X.S., Polievtsev N.P., Kamilov I.K. On the sedative and analgesic properties of the alkaloid perforin and its antagonism to analeptics. - In the book: Pharmacology of alkaloids. Tashkent: Nauka, 1965, p. 23-26.
Magrupova M.A., Kamilov I.K. On the pharmacology of the alkaloid haplophylidine. - In the book: Pharmacology of alkaloids. Tashkent: Nauka, 1965, p. 37-49.

BLUE BLUE (BLUE BLUE, BLUE AZUR) POLEMONIUM CAERULEUM L.
FAMILY BLUE-POLEMONIACEAE

Description. A perennial herbaceous plant with a tall (40-120 cm) erect, mostly single evenly leafy stem and a short vertical rhizome with dense and thin fibrous roots. The leaves are alternate, unpaired-pinnately dissected; basal leaves are large, with numerous leaflets. Leaves decrease in size upwards. The flowers are collected in a multicolor apical panicle, the corolla is dark blue broadly bell-shaped with 5 lobes. The fruit is a spherical, tricuspid, easily cracking capsule enclosed in a calyx. Flowering in June - July, fruiting in August - September.

Geographic distribution. European part of the USSR, Western Siberia, Caucasus, Central Asia, Far East. Cultivated in the Moscow region, Belarus, Western Siberia.

Organs used: rhizome with roots.

Chemical composition. All organs of the plant contain triterpene saponins (the rhizomes and roots of plants of the first and second years of life are especially rich in them), resins, organic acids, fatty and essential oils.

Pharmacological properties. Cyanotic saponins entered scientific medicine relatively recently. As A.D. Turova writes, M.N. Varlakov first drew attention to the value of this plant (cyanosis) for medical practice in 1932, when he studied the flora of the Eastern Sayan. He established the content of saponins in cyanosis, studied their properties and for the first time proposed this plant as an expectorant to replace imported senega.

The sedative properties of cyanosis were first discovered and proposed to medical practice by V. V. Nikolaev and A. A. Tsofina. Moreover, they found that the sedative activity of cyanosis exceeds valerian by 8-10 times.

Cyanosis saponins were studied by A.D. Turova, who showed that their hemolytic index is 51,615. Under the influence of these saponins, animals (frogs, mice, cats, rabbits) became calm, their reflex excitability decreased and they fell asleep. Large doses increased the oppression and led the animals to death. Characteristically, the sedative effect was achieved not only in intact animals, but also in those excited by the administration of phenamine.

It was found that daily intravenous administration of cyanosis saponins (dose of 5 mg/kg) for a long time led to a decrease in blood cholesterol levels, and at the same time had a hypotensive effect on blood pressure. After a course of treatment in experimental rabbits, histological studies confirmed the effectiveness of cyanosis saponins in the treatment of experimental atherosclerosis.

The hemostatic property of blue cyanosis discovered by M.N. Varlakov was confirmed in the laboratory of the Department of Pharmacology of the Kuban Medical Institute by V.N. Mirnov, who showed on various laboratory animals the accelerating effect of cyanosis preparations on the blood coagulation process.

V.I. Zavrazhnov et al. noted that the sedative properties of cyanosis preparations are used in scientific medicine in the treatment of certain mental illnesses. In folk medicine, a decoction of I roots, less often herbs, is used for lung diseases, hysteria, insomnia, epilepsy, fright, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Application. Blue cyanosis preparations are used mainly as an expectorant and sedative. They are effective in gastric and duodenal ulcers, especially in combination with marsh cudweed, as well as insomnia, epilepsy (S.E. Zemlinsky) and mental agitation, reducing reflex excitability in patients (S.R. Semenov, V.V. Telyatiev).

Cyanosis preparations are of low toxicity, but in order to avoid irritation of the gastric mucosa, it is better to prescribe them after meals.

Methods of application for peptic ulcer(combined treatment with a decoction of cyanosis blue roots and infusion of marsh cudweed)

1. The roots of cyanosis (6-8 g) are poured with 1 glass of water, boiled in a water bath for 30 minutes, cooled for 10-15 minutes, filtered. Assign 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day 2 hours after meals.

2. Dry herb cudweed marsh (2-4 tablespoons) is poured with 2 cups of boiling water, insisted in a sealed container in a warm place for 2 hours, filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

Rp.: Inf. rad. Polemoniicoerulei ex 6.0: 200ml
D.S. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day after meals
Rep.: Extr. Polemonii fluidi 25 ml
D.S. 15 drops 3 times a day after meals
Rep.: Extr. Polemonii sicci 0.2
D.t.d. No. 30 in tabl.
S. 1 tablet 3 times a day

LITERATURE
Varlakov M.N. Replacing imported senega with cyanosis roots. Pharmacy, 1943, No. 1.
Nikolaev V.V. Cit. according to I.F. Akhabadze, A.D. Turova and others - In the book: Azure bluish. M., 1955, p. 15.
Tsofina A.A. Cyanosis as a sedative. - Pharmacol. i Toksikol., 1946, No. 6.

HOP ORDINARY-HUMULUS LUPULUS L
CANNABINACEAE FAMILY

Description. Perennial herbaceous climbing dioecious plant with high ribbed, 4-sided long stems, seated with sharp thorns. The leaves are opposite, petiolate, heart-shaped at the base. Staminate flowers are small, yellowish-green, in loose panicles, collected in axillary inflorescences in the form of cones. Pistillate flowers are ovate, sitting in the corners of the leaves; these inflorescences consist of large bracts, in the corners of which the flowers are arranged mostly in pairs. During fruit ripening, the bracts, growing, form rather large, greenish-yellow cones. The bracts and perianth are dotted with yellow glands containing the bitter aromatic substance lupulin. Blooms in July - August.

Geographic distribution. European part of the USSR, Caucasus, Western Siberia, Altai and Central Asia. Cultivated on industrial plantations.

Organs Used: fruits called "hop cones", and glands obtained by shaking and sifting dry seedlings.

Chemical composition. The buds contain an essential oil (about 2%) consisting of 15-20% humuleia (sesquiterpene), sesquiterpene alcohol, 30-50% aliphatic terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, geraniol and 30-40% alcohol esters myrcenol; a large amount (up to 50-70%) of resins, up to 5% of bitterness, a certain amount of valeric acid, humulin alkaloid, amino alcohol, choline, etc.

Pharmacological properties little studied. However, it is known that common hop belongs to plants capable of synthesizing substances similar in action to hormones. In the laboratory of the department of pharmacology of VILR, A.G. Gorelova investigated the estrogenic activity of hops on castrated mice and infantile rats using the Allen-Doisy method. It was found that in 70% of rats, hop extract at a dose of 10-30 mg (per animal) causes the appearance of estrus or proestrus. The activity of 1 kg of dry hops extracted with water averages 1000 mouse units (m.u.). The most active was the phenolic fraction of hops, which has estrogenic activity equal to 25,000 IU. Daily administration of hop extract to animals for 12 days caused an increase in the mass of the genitals by 4.1 times (AD Turova, 1974).

Application. Numerous observations and experience of traditional medicine from different countries testify to the calming, antispasmodic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of common hop cones. A number of authors emphasize the effectiveness of the preparations of this plant for insomnia, increased sexual arousal, menopausal neurosis, increased excitability and convulsions. N. G. Kovaleva, referring to literary sources and her own observations, notes the beneficial therapeutic effect of hops as a sedative cardiotonic, diuretic and anti-inflammatory agent. In particular, she noted its effectiveness in diseases of the kidneys, renal pelvis and bladder, dysuria, insomnia, hypertension and arteriosclerosis.

The glands that appear on the inside of the scales of hop cones during their ripening produce the bitter substance lupulin. It is very effective in gastritis, it is prescribed to improve appetite and digestion. However, at a dose of 1-2 g, lupulin can cause toxic effects.

Outwardly, an infusion of hop inflorescences is used for compresses for bruises, infiltrates, they are washed with wounds, ulcers, baths are made for rheumatism and gout. More than 100 years ago, V.V. Medovshchikov treated lichen rashes on the skin with hops. With early baldness, to strengthen hair, traditional medicine recommends washing your hair with infusion or decoction of hop cones. Powder from hop cones is locally used as an analgesic (L.Ya. Sklyarevsky, I.A. Gubanov, 1973; V.I. Zavrazhnov et al., 1977). The essential oil is part of valocardine (GDR).

Methods of preparation and use

1. A tablespoon of hop cones is poured into a glass of boiling water, insisted in a sealed container in a warm place for several hours, filtered. Assign inside 1/4 cup 3 times a day before meals.

2. Tincture of cones (1/5 part) in 40% alcohol or vodka (4/5 parts) is prescribed orally 5 drops in the morning and evening before meals.

3. One part of hop cones powder is mixed with an equal part of unsalted lard. Assign locally as rubbing.

LITERATURE
Gorelova A.G. Estrorennaya activity of hop extracts. - In the book: Proceedings of the scientific conference on pharmacology, part II. Moscow: Moscow Veterinary Academy, 1966.
Medovshchikov V.V. On the action of hops in lichen rashes. - Moscow Medical Newspaper, 1866, No. 3, p. 22.

THREE-PARTITION STRING (SCOLOTER GRASS) - BIDENS TRIPARTITA L.
ASTER FAMILY (COMBOSITE) - ASTERACEAE

Description. An annual herbaceous plant 20-80 cm high with a straight, strongly branched, glabrous or sparsely hairy stem. The leaves are opposite, short-petiolate, deeply tripartite. The flowers are tubular, small, collected in brown-yellow baskets. The fruits are oblong-ovate, strongly flattened achenes, at the top of which there are points, which are half as short as the achenes and are planted down with turned cloves. It blooms from June to August, bears fruit in late September.

Geographic distribution. Throughout the USSR, with the exception of the Far North. Harvesting is carried out in the middle zone of the European part of the USSR, in the Ukraine and the Caucasus.

Organs Used: Leaves and young tops (grass) harvested before flowering.

Chemical composition. Little studied. It is only known that the grass contains essential oil, mucus, tannins, bitterness, carotene (more than 50 mg%) and ascorbic acid (60-70 mg%).

Pharmacological properties also understudied. Medicinal properties are known to folk medicine, which successfully uses a series of liver diseases, headaches, eczema, fright (D.K. Ges and others). In the experiment, it was found that when administered parenterally, the tincture has a sedative effect, lowers blood pressure and somewhat increases the amplitude of heart contractions.

A.D. Turova writes that the sequence has been experimentally studied extremely insufficiently, but it is known that the tincture injected into the vein of animals has a sedative effect; its anti-allergic properties are confirmed in the clinic.

Application. A string is prescribed internally as an antispasmodic (N.F. Farashchuk) and antiallergic, diuretic and diaphoretic, as well as to increase appetite, improve digestion and for headaches. In addition, in folk medicine it is used for liver diseases, arthritis, gout, rickets.

A decoction of the sequence is also used externally for various skin diseases: psoriasis, scrofula, seborrhea, eczema, various diathesis, allergic reactions, accompanied by severe itching. When treating, it is rational to combine the external use of an infusion or decoction with its ingestion in doses generally accepted for preparations.

Baths from a string are also widely used for bathing 1 nervous children. Locally, liquid forms of a series are recommended in the form of lotions, rubdowns and washing for the treatment of acne, giving the skin elasticity.

Methods of preparation and use

1. Briquettes of a series of 75 g are produced, which are divided into 10 slices of 7.5 g each. One slice is poured with a glass of boiling water, insisted for 10 minutes and filtered. Assign inside 1 tablespoon in the morning and evening. The same infusion is used for baths (1 cup per baby bath).

2. Chopped herb string (4 tablespoons) pour 1 liter of boiling water, insist overnight, and then take half a glass 3 times a day (vitamin remedy).

3. The crushed grass of the series (20 g) is poured into a stainless vessel, poured with a glass of water, closed and heated in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, cooled for 45 minutes at room temperature, filtered, water is added to the original volume (200 g) . Assign inside 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

4. Chopped herb string (3 tablespoons) pour 2 cups of water and boil in a sealed container for 10 minutes. Used for lotions, washing and washing the skin.

LITERATURE
Farashchuk N.F. On the antispasmodic effect of the tripartite series. - In the book: Materials of the 25th scientific conference of the Smolensk Medical Institute. Smolensk, 1967.
Farashchuk. N.F. To the question of the anti-allergic effect of the tripartite series. - Zdravookhr. Belarus, 1970, No. 2.