Thick transparent mucus from the female organs. Why snot-like discharge may occur

Mucus from the vagina can indicate various pathologies, although a colorless discharge in moderation should be present in a healthy state of the reproductive system in any woman. However, they are the absolute norm. This phenomenon occurs from the age of 10 years of the girl until the end of the woman's childbearing age. This is the period of functioning of the ovaries.

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    The physiological side of the issue

    The liquid secreted by the vagina has the following composition: bacteria, cervical mucus, lymph transudate, desquamated dead epithelial cells and a certain amount of leukocytes, remnants of the blood of the menstrual cycle. The amount of daily secretions normally should not exceed 2-4 ml. They should be transparent, neutral or slightly yellowish in color, have a sour smell, since the environment in a healthy vagina is acidic. These secretions are present because the vagina is constantly cleaning itself. This process is a natural physiological need of the body, which thus removes everything superfluous and alien from its space.

    The acidophilus bacteria living in it (Dederlein sticks) are responsible for disinfecting the vagina. These are lactic acid bacteria, they produce lactic acid, which is unfavorable for pathogenic bacteria that prefer an alkaline environment. Lactobacilli maintain a balance between beneficial and conditionally pathogenic flora. It should be noted that during the menstrual cycle, during pregnancy and some other moments, the discharge changes in its density, color, but only slightly. At the same time, there are no alarming symptoms, that is, this is determined by changes in hormones and is the norm.

    The secretion mucus itself is the result of the work of special glands in the cervix and at the entrance to the vagina (Bartholin's glands). The vagina itself has no glands. Mucus also contains glycogen, which lactobacilli feed on. Glycogen itself is converted into lactic acid through chemical reactions. It also nourishes the spermatozoa when they enter the vagina.

    As you can see, everything is interconnected and aimed at preserving the health of a woman. Mucus in the discharge, despite its constant presence, should normally be invisible to a woman, the discharge should not exceed 2-3 ml.

    Transparent discharge is the result of the action of estrogens - the main female hormones. Estrogens are produced by the ovaries. If we talk about changes in the menstrual cycle, then in the first half of it, the discharge thickens, there are few of them, and they have a mucous consistency. This mucus acts as a barrier to bacteria and even sperm. The middle of menstruation is characterized by profuse leucorrhoea, thick and viscous, white in color. Thick mucus is released from the cervix, which indicates that ovulation has occurred. The day before ovulation, when the ratio of hormones changes, the mucus liquefies, the hormone predominates, which potentially prepares the uterus for pregnancy and the appearance of an embryo in it. During ovulation and during pregnancy, even the temperature of the vagina rises. Watery discharge in phase 2 can leave marks on the laundry. From the cervix, mucous secretions periodically flow during intercourse.

    So, we can talk about the norm of discharges if they:

    • transparent, jelly-like, neutral color;
    • their volume is less than 1 tsp. per day;
    • they are odorless;
    • do not irritate the skin and mucous membranes;
    • there are no unpleasant symptoms in the form of itching, burning and pain.

    If at least 1 of the listed items is violated, you should consult a doctor. When, apart from minor stains on linen, nothing else bothers you, you just need to pick up high-quality pads and change them at least 1 time in 3 hours.

    Etiology factors

    The vagina is not a completely sterile organ, bacteria are always present in huge numbers here. But they do not cause diseases, while lactobacilli work and the protective functions of the body are normal. In certain cases, lactobacilli can be inhibited, their excretion and quality suffer. This occurs:

    • with non-observance and irregularity of hygiene, with frequent douching, which for the most part wash out the beneficial flora;
    • with stress;
    • with the onset of sexual activity;
    • in case of change of sexual partners;
    • with sexual arousal;
    • during sexual intercourse and on the first day after it;
    • when rare sexual intercourse;
    • with malnutrition and the predominance of carbohydrates in the diet;
    • if the synthetic composition of the underwear;
    • in case of prolonged use of antibiotics.

    As for sexual arousal and the appearance of a pungent odor in the discharge, it should be noted that such a phenomenon is completely natural. This smell in nature in animals attracts males, and man in this case is no exception. This modified secret contains pheromones that excite and lure men. Some mistakenly assume that the appearance of such changes in the discharge is something shameful and begin to douche intensively. This should not be done, the development of fungi and gardnerella occurs. If such a desire arose, you just need to wash the organs with water without soap. Selections change in the following cases:

    • when there are hormonal changes in the body that occur throughout the cycle, both before and after menstruation;
    • use of contraceptives;
    • climate change;
    • changes and restructuring in the body during pregnancy and lactation;
    • reception OK;
    • premenopause.

    Allocations can also change with an existing allergy to washing powders, poor-quality aggressive detergents. All these points are easy to resolve on your own. A woman should remember that her vagina is no less than her face and hands, it requires the selection of special high-quality cosmetics and other intimate hygiene products.

    Pathological changes in whites

    Beli is a discharge in the pathology of the genital organs. This symptom is the most important in all kinds of inflammation. At the same time, their quantity and quality varies depending on the etiology. By their origin, whites themselves are divided into tubal, uterine and vaginal. The most liquid of them are pipe; uterine or cervical - thicker, reminiscent of thick mucus; vaginal - transparent. If pus is present in the discharge, this is a sign of inflammation, moreover, acute; if there is an admixture of blood - a sign of a malignant tumor. During menopause, with prolapse of the uterus, vaginal walls, perineal injuries, douching with solutions with aggressive antiseptics, with congestive and inflammatory processes in the small pelvis, with physical inactivity, when stagnation forms in the pelvic organs, lack of hygiene - in all these cases, abnormal discharge also appears . So, the main causes of pathological whites:

    • bacterial vaginosis;
    • erosion;
    • dysbacteriosis;
    • colpitis;
    • endometritis;
    • neoplasms of the genital organs;
    • menopause;
    • STDs;
    • various types of vaginitis;
    • thrush;
    • polyps;
    • cervicitis,
    • atrophic vaginitis;
    • hormonal imbalance;
    • foreign body in the vagina.

    When should you see a doctor?

    Allocations are evidence of the functioning of the ovaries in full force. There are cases of inferiority of such work for various reasons. When the discharge is accompanied by some extraneous symptoms in the form of itching, pain, burning, increased urination, an abundance of discharge, changes in their color and smell, etc., it is necessary to consult a doctor. Specifically, the following conditions must occur:

    • discharge became frothy, cloudy, unusual smell and color, does not go away for a long time after menstruation;
    • discharge appeared in menopause;
    • lengthened menstrual cycle.
    • there are cramps and itching in the perineum;
    • there is pain during sexual intercourse;
    • in the discharge there is blood and pus;
    • symptoms of fever are noted;
    • pain in the lower back, lower abdomen: sharp or aching, dull, constant.

    Symptoms of possible diseases

    Allocations may be present in the following diseases:

    1. 1. Bacterial vaginosis is common. At the same time, the discharge is abundant, transparent, but has the smell of rotting fish. With this pathology, the genitals are edematous, which causes dyspareunia and burning. The disease is associated with a violation of the microflora of the vagina, there is no bacterial onset here. The number of pathogenic pathogens is increasing, most often these are gardnerella. There is no inflammation, but the discharge flows down the wall of the vagina, irritating the vulva in the strongest way, which resembles discharge.
    2. 2. Bartholinitis - inflammation of the Bartholin gland, which produces a secret to moisturize the vulva. The Bartholin's gland has an excretory duct that opens near the vaginal inlet. If an infection gets into it, it becomes inflamed and swells. In this case, the duct first narrows, then completely clogged. But since the gland itself continues to function, there is no way out for its secret. As a result, the gland increases, is palpated in the lower third of the labia majora as a dense, painful formation. The discharge is white or yellow, the vulva is edematous, hyperemic, painful. An abscess may form. With suppuration, chills, malaise appear, the pain becomes sharp, twitching, and does not allow walking.
    3. 3. Vaginal candidiasis. Inflammation is caused by the action of Candida fungi, it is quite common. In this case, the formation of cheesy white secretions occurs, they are tightly soldered to the wall of the vagina. When they are removed, a bleeding painful surface is found under them. The main symptom of candidiasis is unbearable excruciating itching. The smell of discharge is usually sour. Itching with candidiasis intensifies when trying to have intercourse, during mictions, an unbearable burning sensation and pain is added. The fungus can also move to the skin folds, the perineal area, causing an inflammatory reaction there as well.
    4. 4. Vaginal-vesical or vulval-ureteral fistula: they are formed more often after childbirth with injuries to the urethra and vagina. Allocations with them are constant, plentiful, liquid, especially when urinating. They are distinguished by a sharp smell of urine (ammonia). Urine in fistulas comes into contact with the vagina and irritates it, causing inflammation. Vulvitis appears, and with it painful burning and itching.
    5. 5. Inflammation of the internal genital organs - clear or cloudy discharge, but always abundant. They pour out at regular intervals, regularly. There are pains in the lower abdomen with a return to the lower back. If we are talking about endometritis, then he himself provokes liquid, the so-called uterine discharge. Their volume is always large before menstruation and in the first days after it. With endometritis, there may be bleeding that is not associated with the cycle. They are not abundant, smeared, similar to algomenorrhea. There may be symptoms of fever and malaise, weakness.
    6. 6. Inflammation of the uterine appendages (salpingoophoritis) - this pathology is always accompanied by pain in the inguinal region; they are constant but moderate. The discharge from such processes is copious and watery, like all pipe leucorrhoea. Pain in the groin radiates to the lower back, inner thigh and perineum. The menstrual cycle is broken. In the course of inflammation, the abdominal part of the fallopian tube narrows, and fluid accumulates in it. Later in the cycle, it pours into the uterine cavity, from there it exits into the vagina in the form of watery secretions. With any physical exertion, leucorrhoea intensifies. With chronic inflammation, the discharge thickens, pus joins them.
    7. 7. Vulvitis is an inflammation of the genitals, while the discharge is white, with itching and burning. Most often, vulvitis is caused by STIs. Whites also change from the type of pathogen: gonorrhea causes yellow, green purulent discharge; ureaplasmosis - profuse, mucous, like cream. In the presence of trichomonas, the discharge is primarily frothy, liquid and with pus. Stains remain on linen, there is itching of the vulva, pain and burning, which are aggravated after going to the toilet. The vulva is edematous, hyperemic. All symptoms are worse after menstruation.
    8. 8. Genital herpes - discharge is similar to cloudy water, accompanied by rashes on the skin of herpes vesicles with cloudy liquid.
    9. 9. Ovarian dysfunction - discharge in women with them is white and liquid, odorless. But they are constantly combined with menstrual irregularities. They do not differ from ordinary ones, but their number increases. There is a feeling of constant humidity and traces of secretions on the linen. There are problems with conception in such patients. Painful menstruation, pain in the mammary glands are noted, which is a manifestation of mastopathy.
    10. 10. Malignant tumors of the vagina or uterus. In these diseases, the discharge is profuse with an unpleasant odor, they are almost transparent and watery. Often accompanied by an admixture of blood.
    11. 11. Colpitis - the nature of inflammation of the vagina is always infectious. With it, the discharge becomes dirty gray, may be white, green, always plentiful. The microflora of the vagina changes radically. Instead of lactobacilli, opportunistic pathogens begin to predominate: fungi, gardnerella, E. coli, staphylococci, etc. The picture of inflammation depends on them. Itching and burning are always present. STIs can also produce profuse clear discharge early in the development of the pathology.
    12. 12. Gardnerellosis - with this causative agent, the discharge becomes gray, they are plentiful, mucous, have an unpleasant smell of fish. With the addition of chlamydia, ureaplasma, pus is present in the secretions. They may be scarce, and the woman may not notice them. Pathology is detected during studies of another problem, for example, about infertility.
    13. 13. A local allergic reaction can occur with the above allergens, while the woman is concerned about: itching, burning in the vulva and vagina, the discharge is not very plentiful, they are white, mucous or liquid. Not only synthetics can cause an allergic reaction. Can cause allergies and chemical dyes, which are also part of the linen. In addition, it can be aggressive and low-quality intimate hygiene products, perfumed toilet paper, latex condoms. As with any type of allergy, there is swelling of the tissues of the vulva, it is hyperemic, there is severe itching, pain, the discharge looks like muddy water, they are insignificant. When the allergen is eliminated, the symptoms quickly disappear.
    14. 14. Cancer of the vulva - the disease usually occurs in women over 50 years of age. Symptoms are expressed in the appearance of itching and burning after micturition; discharge is thin and purulent. There may be an admixture of blood.
    15. 15. Furunculosis of the vulva - inflammation of the follicle begins with the appearance of a papule, which then turns into a pea, the tissues around begin to swell. The seal becomes painful, a purulent head appears in the center on a necrotic rod. Soon it bursts, and its pus pours out to the surface. In this case, the discharge becomes yellow or green. This is not a vaginal secret, but the contents of a burst follicle. But pus irritates the entrance to the vagina, itching, burning and soreness occurs. With the maturation of the abscess, the woman's condition may worsen with an increase in temperature. Pain may be aggravated by walking in the genital area.

    Diagnostic measures

    To determine the type of pathogen, a swab is necessarily taken from the vagina for flora, which is then studied under a microscope. A gynecological examination, palpation of the uterus and its appendages is carried out. To make a correct diagnosis, it may be necessary to conduct an ultrasound of the small pelvis, colposcopy, bacterial seeding of secretions, PCR diagnostics (a polymerase chain reaction method that allows you to identify the DNA of STI pathogens even in the absence of severe symptoms). With fistulas, a fistulous passage is examined with a bellied probe.

    Need for treatment

    Depending on the identified pathogen, antibiotic therapy, antifungal and antiviral drugs are used, respectively. The treatment complex also includes immunomodulators, topical application of ointments, probiotics, etc. The goal of treatment is primarily to restore the vaginal microflora.

    Antifungal drugs: Levorin, Isoconazole, Clotrimazole, Nizoral, Natamycin, Ketoconazole, etc. Antiviral drugs: Groprinosin, Acyclovir, Valtrex, Famciclovir, Interferon, Viferon, Panavir, Isoprinosine.

    The most commonly used antibiotics are Cefixime, Levofloxacin, Avelox, Ofloxacin or Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, Azithromycin, Erythromycin. For complex treatment, vitamins and proteolytic enzymes are prescribed.

    Manifestations during pregnancy

    As soon as conception has come, the discharge from the transparent ones becomes thick, white. This change is also the first symptom of pregnancy. The phenomenon is associated with the predominance of the pregnancy hormone - progesterone: it in every possible way creates conditions for the attachment and retention of the embryo on the uterine mucosa. At the same time, a clot of mucus is formed in the cervical canal, which will now reliably close the entrance to the uterus, preventing microbes from penetrating here. This clot is called a mucous plug.

    The acidity of the vagina also changes, the discharge becomes more abundant, similar to white snot. This is the process of cleansing the vagina to prevent the development of bacteria. These mucous secretions are odorless and do not cause discomfort. From a pregnant woman, only hygiene and wearing natural linen are required. This pattern is observed throughout the 1st trimester. Then the discharge becomes more watery, transparent, continuing to go plentifully.

    The hormonal background is changing: estrogen comes to the fore. They interact with progesterone, causing mucus to thin out. Then the discharge gradually thickens, this is the norm. If they remain liquid, it threatens with premature discharge of water. This situation is fraught with the addition of an infection in the fetal bladder, which is very dangerous for the fetus. In this case, hospitalization of the woman is desirable.

    In the 3rd trimester, the discharge remains transparent. Here there is pressure of the enlarged uterus on the bladder, as a result of which urine begins to leak, especially the urge to urinate appears during laughter or coughing. Closer to childbirth, in the later stages, the discharge begins to thicken again: this is an indicator of the discharge of the mucous plug, the beginning of the preparation of the uterus for labor and its gradual opening. The cork may not come out completely. The process takes several days or even weeks. Before childbirth, for 1-2 weeks, the opening of the cervix is ​​​​activated, the body is closely preparing for childbirth. The plug of mucus then already departs. If streaks of blood appear in it, you need to report this to the doctor. If the discharge begins to disturb along with discomfort, an unpleasant odor and color appear, this may indicate an inflammatory process and the need for treatment. The abundance of discharge during normal pregnancy can be controlled by the use of pads, pregnant women should not use tampons.

    Girls from an early age should be taught to wash properly: from front to back to prevent infection from entering the vagina from the intestines. It is advisable to wash baby clothes with hypoallergenic powders and rinse abundantly.

One of the alarming symptoms indicating various problems with women's health is clear mucus (like snot) in the urine. Its presence in some cases is completely normal, but may also indicate inflammatory processes.

Why does mucus appear in the urine

Causes of mucus in the urine in women - in inflammation of the urinary tract and kidneys. It is released if epithelial cells begin to be shed from the inside of the urinary tract. It occurs as a result of injury to the tissues of the walls of organs after the passage of stones and sand, or as a result of a bacterial infection. Can cause mucus in the urine and autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease or a long process of urinary retention, which just provokes an increase in the work of the cells responsible for the secretion of mucus.

Were non-characteristic inclusions found during laboratory tests? In this case, the problems lie both in internal inflammatory processes, and in poor hygiene, improper collection of tests. Before taking urine, you need to wash yourself and insert a swab into the vagina. If this is not done, the vaginal mucus will enter the urine, and correct diagnosis will become impossible.

Cystitis, pyelonephritis or urolithiasis?

If you correctly collected urine for analysis, but mucus was found in it, this could be:


With cystitis, a woman is prescribed antibacterial drugs and the correct drinking regimen. Folk remedies are also used, but with a strong inflammatory process, they will not bring quick relief. With kidney stones, surgical treatment is usually prescribed; antispasmodics and painkillers will help relieve the condition with severe attacks of urolithiasis. Preparations that dissolve salts have low efficiency.

White mucus from the vagina - the norm or pathology?

Moderate vaginal discharge is normal. The question is when to sound the alarm.

Mucous discharge in women like snot, produced by glands in the cervix. If everything is in order, they are odorless, do not cause discomfort and are released in moderation, that is, not abundantly. The amount of mucous secretions depends on the phase of the cycle; hormones produced in the ovaries control this process.

In the first phase of the cycle there is a lot of transparent liquid mucus, and in the second phase it is transparent and viscous. Do you feel that the mucus is not the right one, or is there too much of it? Perhaps there is cause for concern, since it is produced not only by the cervix, but also by the cervical canal, the vagina. You should be concerned if:

  • an unpleasant burning sensation, itching appeared in the vagina;
  • when urinating, pulls or hurts the lower abdomen;
  • discharge too profuse;
  • clear mucous discharges are replaced by thick white or yellow.

Causes of clear vaginal mucus

Clear mucus from the vagina in large quantities may begin to stand out for the following reasons:


Thus, the causes of abnormal mucous discharge can be different. Therefore, you need to take a smear and see what exactly is wrong.

Symptoms of the disease

Vaginal discharge in itself is the norm, you should sound the alarm if they have changed their usual characteristics. The presence and progression of the inflammatory process is indicated by:


If at the same time a woman experiences discomfort, itching of the genital organs, increased humidity of the skin in the intimate area, she should immediately consult a doctor. Perhaps everything is fine, or you are faced with a banal thrush, but caution does not hurt.

What to do?

If you are concerned about uncharacteristic, too abundant, incomprehensible color or with inclusions of mucous discharge in the urine, you first need to find out the cause of this condition. Self-treatment should not be started, as this can only aggravate the situation. In addition, you need to find out if there is a problem with the urinary tract or the reproductive system.

The main methods of treating mucous secretions:

  • douching;
  • the use of vaginal suppositories;
  • antibiotic therapy.

Self-medication in this case is dangerous, because you can muffle the symptoms and decide that everything is fine, and the disease will progress inside the body.

Urinalysis: in what cases and how to take it correctly

If you suspect an inflammatory process in the genitourinary system, the doctor will refer you to a urine test. Its results allow:

  • identify pathology of the genitourinary system;
  • evaluate the general condition of the body;
  • control the course of the disease;
  • diagnose diabetes;
  • analyze the consequences of intoxication of the body as a result of poisoning.

Even a healthy person who is not bothered by anything should regularly take a general urine test. And if something bothers you, then you must do it. To accurately find out the indicators of the content of mucus in the urine, buy a special container at the pharmacy, and before collecting the analysis, wash the genitals (best just with warm water, without soap). The day before the test, do not eat products with coloring elements - greens, beets, carrots. Refrain from taking medications, alcohol and coffee. During menstruation, it is very undesirable to take a urine test. Collected material in a container? Try to get it to the lab as soon as possible.

Mucus in urine during pregnancy

From the second trimester, foreign impurities may appear in the urine. This is due to the fact that the fetus presses on the kidneys, uterus and other organs, the bladder does not empty normally, and mucus accumulates in it. What should be done and should it be done at all? The doctor will be able to tell you this after the examination.

Analysis for STDs: to pass or not

Mucous snot-like discharge in the middle of the cycle is normal. But if their consistency or color worries you, it would be better to take a smear for the main STDs. Snot-like discharge from the genital organs is characteristic of the following diseases:


The treatment regimen for gynecological diseases that cause the appearance of copious snot-like discharge is prescribed by a venereologist or gynecologist, taking into account the causative agent of infection, diagnosis, and clinical manifestations. For fungal infections, antifungal drugs and tonics of the general spectrum are prescribed, for genital herpes - antiviral drugs. The most difficult and lengthy is the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, both partners must undergo it. With menopause, abundant discharge is usually caused by hormonal changes in the body.

Preventive measures

The main preventive measures are attentive attitude to one's health, proper hygiene, balanced nutrition, sex with a regular partner. Once every six months, take a general clinical urinalysis and visit a gynecologist for a smooth examination.

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Vaginal discharge- this is the result of the secretory activity of glandular structures, mainly located in the vagina. To a lesser extent, the glands of the overlying genital organs are involved in the formation of the vaginal secretion. Physiological vaginal discharge is present in all women and girls after the completion of puberty, and in postmenopausal their number is minimal.

In the mucous membranes lining the walls of the vestibule of the vagina, as well as the cervix, there are glands that constantly produce a small amount of secretion to irrigate, protect and cleanse the vagina. The presence of such discharge in the vagina is necessary and is not a pathology. A change in the nature of habitual secretions occurs due to harmless reasons or signals serious problems.

Physiological discharge from the vagina is not too abundant, does not cause inconvenience to the woman and does not affect the condition of the surrounding tissues. Vaginal discharge is considered normal if it meets several criteria:

- they are liquid or mucous, transparent or slightly cloudy, less often they are jelly-like;

- the amount of discharge does not exceed their usual rate for a particular woman;

- do not have a pronounced unpleasant odor;

- do not cause irritation and inflammation of the surrounding mucous membranes, accompanied by itching, pain or discomfort.

We can say that the “normality” of the amount and consistency of vaginal discharge is primarily determined by the woman herself, since the concept of “norm” can vary significantly. For some women, an increased or scanty amount of vaginal discharge is considered normal if its pattern does not change throughout life, and if it is not accompanied by pathological symptoms.

The external characteristics of the discharge are also not always interpreted correctly by patients. Sometimes secretions change their appearance when interacting with air and leave traces on linen of a “not their own” color. If the secretions come into contact with the chemicals that make up hygiene products, they can also change the appearance. During a gynecological examination, the nature of the vaginal contents is assessed more reliably.

As a rule, in most healthy women, the daily amount of fluid in the vagina does not exceed 2 ml, and lactobacilli and squamous epithelial cells predominate in its composition. In minimal quantities (about 2%), representatives of conditionally pathogenic microflora are present in the vagina: gardnerella, mycoplasmas, anaerobic bacteria, staphylococci, streptococci and fungi. In order to prevent unwanted microflora from multiplying, with the help of lactobacilli, a constant acidic environment with a pH of 3.8 - 4.5 is maintained in the vagina.

The nature of vaginal contents can be affected by:

- Natural cyclic hormonal fluctuations affect vaginal discharge, changing not only their quantity, but also the consistency. On the eve of menstruation, the amount of discharge from the vagina increases, and it becomes more viscous.

The most popular reason for visiting a gynecologist is copious and unpleasant discharge from the vagina of an unusual type. Beli can have a wide variety of colors (from white to red), consistency (jelly, "cottage cheese" or foam) and be accompanied by discomfort and pain. In some cases, whites are the only symptom of the disease.

The amount of discharge is an important indicator in the diagnosis of diseases. Complaints about strong vaginal discharge do not quite correctly characterize the nature of the whites. The discharge does not have “strength”, there is only quantity, therefore, in the formulation of complaints, it is more correct to replace strong vaginal discharge with abundant vaginal discharge.

As a leading symptom, pathological vaginal discharge accompanies a huge number of gynecological diseases, but most often (60-70%) they appear with inflammatory diseases of the genitals.

Diagnosis of the causes of leucorrhea most often does not cause difficulties, a simple laboratory study of quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the vaginal secret ("smears on the flora") helps to determine the source of the disease.

Therapy of pathological vaginal discharge involves the elimination of the source of the disease and the restoration of normal indicators of the vaginal environment.

Causes of vaginal discharge

When they say “vaginal discharge”, they mean pathological discharge - leucorrhoea, and not normal vaginal contents, because, as a rule, a woman does not notice the usual vaginal discharge.

At the heart of the pathological process in the vagina, leading to the appearance of secretions (or leucorrhoea), there is a single trigger mechanism - a change in the quantitative composition of the microflora and the acidity of the vaginal environment. The vaginal mucosa is in a state of constant self-renewal due to the shedding of "old" cells and the growth of new cells. Lactobacilli interact with the surface cells of the vaginal epithelium, they break down the glycogen contained in them into lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, as a result creating an acidic environment in the vagina. Unwanted microflora cannot multiply in an acidic environment, so its amount in the vagina remains minimal.

The epithelium of the vagina is hormonally dependent, therefore, the state of the vaginal environment is affected by cyclic hormonal changes in the body: estrogens provide mucosal cells with glycogen, and gestagens help the surface layer of cells to be rejected in time. Thus, the biphasic ovulatory cycle helps to maintain a constancy of the vaginal environment. Dishormonal disorders in the body can provoke pathological discharge from the vagina.

However, whites do not always mean that the disease is localized in the vagina. According to the place of occurrence, they distinguish:

- Vaginal leucorrhoea. They appear more often than others and accompany inflammatory, infectious diseases or.

- Pipe leucorrhoea. Appear against the background of inflammation in the fallopian tubes. The walls of the inflamed fallopian tube become edematous, their lumen narrows, the inflammatory secret accumulates in the tube, and then pours into the uterus in portions and enters the vagina through the cervical canal. If the contents of the tube enter the ovary, symptoms of adnexitis appear.

- Uterine leucorrhoea. Occur mainly in inflammatory processes in the endometrium.

- Cervical (cervical) whites are the result of increased secretion of the glands of the cervix during inflammation.

- Vestibular leucorrhea is produced by glands in the vestibule of the vagina.

In girls, in 55% of cases, the appearance of whites is not associated with gynecological pathology and is caused by metabolic, allergic or endocrine disorders in the body. During active puberty, the amount of vaginal discharge may increase, but they are physiological. Only in 30% of girls and adolescents, vaginal discharge is pathological, and most of them are of an infectious nature.

In the period of pre and postmenopause, leucorrhoea is associated with atrophic processes in the mucous membranes or oncological diseases. Sometimes the appearance of leucorrhea in elderly patients is associated with the prolapse of the genital organs.

White against the background of foreign bodies in the vaginal cavity can be profuse, purulent and have an unpleasant odor. Too long stay in the vagina of hygienic tampons, vaginal ring (pessary), as well as foreign objects introduced from the outside can cause whiter.

Perhaps there is not a single woman who would not be faced with changes in the nature of vaginal discharge, but not every one of them needed medical attention. The presence of provoking factors does not always lead to the appearance of whites. In healthy women with a good immune system and a normal hormonal status, deviations in the normal indicators of the vaginal environment are compensated for by the internal resources of the body. However, sexual infections in even the most healthy patients require therapy.

White discharge from the vagina

The appearance of the vaginal discharge can not always reliably indicate the true cause of its appearance. Physiological vaginal discharge sometimes has a whitish tint, but due to their small amount, a woman may not know what they look like, and begins to pay attention to them only when their number increases against a background of natural causes: in the middle of the menstrual cycle, after stress or intimacy and so on. As a rule, in such cases, in addition to the discharge, the patient is not disturbed by any other subjective sensations, and after the examination, it is not possible to establish the presence of a pathological process.

In pregnant women, physiological discharge before childbirth becomes whitish, copious and thicker. Unlike whites, they are not accompanied by discomfort and do not require treatment.

A pathological process can be suspected if the patient complains of unusually thick and unpleasant white vaginal discharge against the background of itching, burning or discomfort. Such secretions most often indicate an excessive reproduction of fungal microflora, that is, the appearance of vaginal candidiasis. The source of the disease are Candida fungi. In small quantities, they may be present in the vagina, and their growth is inhibited by lactobacilli. If the normal composition of the vaginal microflora is disturbed, the fungi begin to actively vegetate, displacing beneficial microorganisms.

Vaginal candidiasis is accompanied by characteristic symptoms. Patients complain of profuse and thick white vaginal discharge. Characteristic white inclusions in the form of crumbs or flakes give whites with candidiasis a resemblance to cottage cheese or sour milk (hence the second name of the disease - "thrush"). The discharge is always accompanied by severe itching, which increases in the evening and often does not subside all night, not allowing the woman to rest.

On examination, the vaginal mucosa always has signs of severe inflammation (swelling and redness) with characteristic white "films". Attempts to remove such plaque are accompanied by severe trauma to the mucosa and the appearance of blood. Abundant discharge irritates the inflamed mucous membrane of the vagina and vulva, causing a burning sensation. If the inflammatory process passes to the urethra, the patient may have complaints associated with urination disorders.

Often, patients with vaginal candidiasis can clearly indicate the cause of the whiteness. The most common of these is the misuse of antibiotics.

Vaginal candidiasis can also have a chronic form, then all the symptoms are mild, and complaints of cheesy white leucorrhoea come first (sometimes even without itching).

The diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis is usually straightforward. The presence of cheesy discharge, characteristic signs of fungal inflammation in the vagina and the detection of Candida fungi in smears allow you to quickly make the correct diagnosis.

Therapy for candidal lesions of the vagina consists in the use of antifungal drugs and the restoration of the normal pH of the vagina. Successful treatment of candidiasis does not guarantee a recurrence of the disease.

Yellow vaginal discharge

Most whites are accompanied by inflammation in the vagina. Severe inflammation develops against the background of a decrease in the ability of the vaginal mucosa to resist infection, that is, pathogenic microflora. The infectious process in the vagina can be provoked by “own” microorganisms (the case when opportunistic microbes have caused the disease) or pathogens that have come from outside (genital infections).

A sign of an infectious process in the genitals is pus-like discharge of yellow color. Long-term purulent discharge acquire a greenish tint.

Abundant watery discharge from the vagina that is yellow or yellow-green in color may indicate trichomoniasis. The disease is caused by Trichomonas and is a venereal disease. In addition to leucorrhoea, the patient is worried about pain, itching, burning and urination disorder. A distinctive sign of trichomonas inflammation is the frothy appearance of whiter and an unpleasant stale smell. If the disease is not cured in time, it becomes chronic.

Creamy purulent discharge is characteristic of a serious sexually transmitted disease - gonorrhea. The disease is acute, with severe symptoms of inflammation and fever. Inflammation in gonorrhea quickly rises to the overlying genital organs, causing symptoms of endometritis or adnexitis. If the infection spreads to the fallopian tubes, they "stick together" due to the accumulation of inflammatory fluid, so one of the unfavorable consequences of gonorrhea is.

Whites do not always indicate the presence of a pathological process in the vaginal area. Inflammation of the uterus or appendages is also accompanied by pathological discharge. Most often, in acute endometritis, abundant purulent vaginal discharge is accompanied by severe fever and pain.

It should be noted that leucorrhoea of ​​various origins can have a yellowish tint. To establish the exact cause of their appearance, it is necessary to conduct a laboratory study of the composition of the vaginal contents. A large number of leukocytes in a smear always indicates intense inflammation, and the identification of a specific pathogen indicates the cause of the disease.

Brown vaginal discharge

Blood stains vaginal discharge in all shades of red - from scarlet to dark brown. The presence of a small amount of blood in vaginal discharge can always be suspected by their characteristic color. Usually, dark brown vaginal discharge indicates the presence of a source of minor bleeding in the genital tract, when a small amount of blood has time to oxidize and break down before it comes out.

The most common cause of brown discharge is menstrual irregularities. Usually, the patient has a spotting, dark brown discharge of varying duration from the vagina at any time between periods. Sometimes these discharges replace normal menstruation.

The appearance of slight brown spotting vaginal discharge is not always a sign of the disease. In some women, they are observed while taking hormonal contraceptives (especially low-dose ones) or an intrauterine device. As a rule, the appearance of such secretions is of a short-term nature and is not accompanied by any subjective unpleasant sensations. In the event that smearing brown discharge bothers a woman constantly, it is necessary to consult a specialist.

Some women decide on their own method of contraception and choose a hormonal remedy on the advice of friends or a pharmacist at a pharmacy. Incessant spotting between periods in such cases may signal that the drug is chosen incorrectly. Each hormonal contraceptive contains a certain ratio of sex hormones (estrogens and gestagens). For different drugs, it is not the same and is selected individually, based on the age and hormonal status of the patient, so you should not rely on an independent choice.

Intrauterine contraception ("spiral") in some cases provokes spotting:

- for the first time after the introduction of the spiral, the uterus perceives it as a foreign body and tries to free itself;

- The uterine mucosa at the place of "attachment" of the spiral can be slightly injured.

Such discharge should not last long, be accompanied by discomfort or pain. Otherwise, it is necessary to decide on its removal.

Brown slight discharge may appear briefly after douching or overly aggressive sexual contact against the background of microtrauma of the mucous membrane. Smearing brown or pink vaginal discharge after an abortion or cauterization of cervical erosion also indicates the presence of injuries on the mucous membranes of the vagina and uterus. As a rule, such allocations are temporary and are eliminated on their own.

Sometimes spotting is accompanied by pain or fever, which indicates an infectious and inflammatory process in the genitals.

Pathological secretions from genital infections may contain a small amount of dark blood. An intense inflammatory process caused by venereal infections destroys the surface epithelium of the vagina with the formation of microtraumas.

Some gynecological diseases are accompanied by intermenstrual spotting vaginal discharge:, uterine fibroids, and endometrium.

The appearance of brown discharge against the background of a delay in the next menstruation may indicate a very dangerous condition -. Sometimes, in addition to spotting, there are signs of a normal (uterine) pregnancy and abdominal pain of varying intensity. Often such a condition is taken for a threatened miscarriage. An interrupted ectopic pregnancy threatens the life of the patient and requires immediate surgical intervention.

Sometimes in late pregnancy, dilated vessels of the cervix can serve as a source of slight dark vaginal discharge, in other cases they signal a threat of termination of pregnancy.

Clear vaginal discharge

Transparent vaginal discharge without color and odor in a small amount correlates with the concept of the norm. As a rule, they look like clear mucus or egg white. The viscosity and amount of vaginal discharge depends on the composition of the vaginal microflora, the content of sex steroids and some individual characteristics of the organism.

There is no strict rule for discharges. In some women, an increased amount of discharge is observed constantly and is not accompanied by diseases.

Physiological secretions predominantly contain epithelial cells and lactobacilli. If there are many epithelial cells, they give the discharge a whitish tint.

Sometimes transparent discharges begin to disturb a woman constantly, leave stains on linen or are accompanied by unpleasant subjective sensations, in this situation one should understand the reason for such changes.

A slight presence of fresh blood is indicated by pink discharge from the vagina of a short duration. Therapeutic and diagnostic manipulations can provoke small violations of the integrity of the mucous membrane, blood from the surface of microtraumas enters the vaginal secretion and stains them pink.

"Cauterization" or "freezing" of the ectopia of the cervix is ​​accompanied by the formation of a dense crust, healthy tissue grows under it, then the wound surface heals completely, and the crust is rejected. This process may be accompanied by pink discharge from the vagina of a short duration.

Mucous discharge from the vagina

Slight vaginal discharge of a mucous appearance without pathological impurities and odor, which does not cause itching, burning or discomfort, is the norm. Sometimes mucous secretions become more viscous and viscous, and in appearance resemble egg white.

The mucous appearance of vaginal discharge is "obliged" to the cervix.

A clear and thick cervical (or cervical) mucus forms in the cervix, sometimes called a "plug". It is produced by cells of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal and performs important functions:

- prevents unwanted bacteria from entering the uterus, performing a barrier role;

- thanks to the mucous cervical secret, the spermatozoa that enter the vagina are "transported" to the uterus.

The composition and acidity of cervical mucus correlates with normal vaginal secretions, and its viscosity is controlled by sex steroids. In order for spermatozoa to freely enter the uterus, at the time of ovulation, the density of cervical mucus decreases, and it drains into the vagina. Therefore, the amount of vaginal mucus during the period of ovulation increases.

The consistency and amount of cervical mucus is directly dependent on the level of sex hormones. Methods for studying the state of cervical mucus at different periods of the cycle, especially during ovulation, in women with infertility help to determine the presence of dyshormonal disorders.

The Billings method is based on the study of the viscosity of cervical mucus at different periods of the cycle. At the end of the next menstruation, the vagina is “dry” - the discharge is practically not felt. Toward the middle of the cycle, the mucous secretions become so viscous that they can be easily stretched between two fingers. The period of ovulation (the middle of the cycle) is accompanied by an increase in the vaginal discharge, it becomes liquid. Then the discharge becomes viscous again, and then completely disappears. If the indicators of cervical mucus do not change, it can be assumed. Such a method cannot reliably establish the presence of hormonal abnormalities and is indirect.

Bloody discharge from the vagina

The only normal situation of bleeding from the vagina is menstruation. The source of menstrual bleeding is the extensive wound surface of the uterine cavity, formed after the rejection of its outer mucous layer.

Isolation of blood from the vagina, not associated with menstrual bleeding, always indicates the presence of a disease. An important diagnostic criterion is the duration of bleeding and their number. As a rule, a single small amount of red vaginal discharge can provoke:

- Sexual contact, especially if the partner has cervical pathology - erosion or.

- Diagnostic manipulations: taking smears, endometrial aspiration biopsy, diagnostic curettage, laparoscopy, and so on.

- Mechanical violation of the integrity of the integumentary epithelium during douching, the use of a gynecological speculum during examination, or the introduction of the uterine ring during prolapse of the genital organs. Much less often, the vaginal mucosa is damaged by foreign bodies in the uterus.

- Inflammatory changes in the vagina make the mucosa easily vulnerable, so sometimes it can be accompanied by minor spotting.

- A slight discharge of scarlet blood from the vagina after an abortion is associated with trauma to the mucous membranes of the uterus and cervical canal. Normally, their intensity should decrease until complete independent cessation.

The most common cause of significant bleeding from the vagina is:

- Violations of the menstrual cycle. In the absence of ovulation, there is a violation of the cyclic processes of the uterus and ovaries, which leads to the appearance of intermenstrual bleeding.

- Polyps of the cervical canal and endometrium provoke bleeding of varying intensity if they reach large sizes, are injured or undergo decay.

- Uterine fibroids of considerable size do not allow the muscular wall of the uterus to contract properly and cause prolonged menstruation or intermenstrual bleeding.

- Bleeding with severe inflammation of the uterus and appendages is associated with a violation of the normal hormonal status of the body under the influence of infection.

- With endometriosis, the discharge is only sometimes abundant and bright, but always associated with menstruation.

Acyclic bleeding may accompany some non-gynecological pathologies: diseases of the blood coagulation system,.

Sudden profuse spotting against the background of a sharp deterioration in well-being appears in emergency conditions that threaten the life and health of a woman. Most often these are:

- Submucosal (submucosal) fibroids of the body of the uterus. Sometimes fibroids grow into the uterine cavity in the form of a knot, causing severe bleeding and pain. The most dangerous complication of submucosal fibroids is uterine eversion.

- Delay of parts of the fetal egg after a medical abortion or spontaneous miscarriage. Pieces of the remaining tissue do not allow the uterus to contract, causing bleeding. A similar situation occurs after childbirth, when a piece of the placenta remains in the uterus.

- Aborted ectopic pregnancy.

- Complications of pregnancy: premature spontaneous abortion, placental abruption.

- Postpartum hemorrhage associated with rupture of the soft tissues of the vagina and / or cervix, especially when they are sutured incorrectly or at the wrong time.

In case of untimely spotting, you should immediately visit a doctor.

Vaginal discharge with odor

Microorganisms present in the vagina in the process of life emit chemical compounds with different odors. In healthy women, there is an individual, barely perceptible odor in the vulva. Normally, he should not bother a woman. Increased vaginal odor is often a sign of problems.

The simplest reason for the appearance of unpleasantly smelling discharge is a violation of the rules of intimate hygiene. If after the usual hygiene procedures they disappear, you should not worry.

The smell of vaginal discharge is perceived by patients unequally, since the sense of smell is developed differently for everyone. However, there is a group of diseases that have a characteristic, unique smell of vaginal discharge.

Discharge from genital infections has an unpleasant odor. With trichomoniasis, an unpleasant pungent odor accompanies abundant discharge of a foamy type.

The sour smell of vaginal discharge in vulvovaginal candidiasis is caused by Candida fungi.

One of the most common diseases with a characteristic vaginal odor is bacterial vaginosis, characterized by the appearance of profuse homogeneous vaginal discharge with a very specific smell of stale fish. Bacterial vaginosis does not have a specific pathogen, it develops against the background of a quantitative change in the composition of the vaginal microflora with the participation of opportunistic microorganisms.

Under the influence of unfavorable factors in the vagina, there is a decrease in the number of lactobacilli and a change in pH, which is fertile ground for the development of dysbacteriosis. Instead of lactobacilli, opportunistic microflora begins to multiply in the vaginal environment, the more it is, the more pronounced the symptoms of the disease, including vaginal odor.

The unpleasant smell of vaginal discharge in patients with bacterial vaginosis is associated with the activity of anaerobic bacteria: they produce amines. Decaying, amines emit a "fishy" smell. If the disease proceeds in an erased form, the amine test reveals a specific vaginal odor: the contents of the vagina are mixed with an alkali solution that destroys amines, and a “fishy” odor is obtained.

Despite abundant discharge, there are no signs of local inflammation during examination for bacterial vaginosis, which serves as an important diagnostic sign.

To save the patient from bacterial vaginosis, it is necessary to eliminate the unwanted microflora and restore normal biocenosis in the vagina.

Excretion of urine from the vagina

Urine discharge from the vagina always indicates the presence of a urogenital fistula. Genitourinary fistulas in women are a pathological formation (course) between the vaginal cavity and the bladder. Much less common are urogenital fistulas between the bladder and uterus.

The cause of the formation of a urogenital fistula is often incorrect obstetric and gynecological operations, during which the wall of the vagina or uterus ruptures with perforation (formation of a hole) into the bladder.

The appearance of genitourinary fistulas may be preceded by a criminal abortion.

Very rarely, perforation of the uterus during medical abortion leads to the formation of a genitourinary fistula. As a rule, this situation occurs if the patient has a pronounced infectious process in the uterus.

Genitourinary fistulas can be traumatic in nature and occur against the background of serious injuries of the genital organs of a non-gynecological nature.

If a violation of the integrity of the walls of the vagina is diagnosed at the time of occurrence (for example, during surgery), then it is eliminated immediately by surgery. In some cases, sharp surgical instruments leave damage invisible to the eye, and pathological symptoms appear much later.

The most characteristic symptom of a urogenital fistula is the discharge of urine from the vaginal cavity. If the external opening of the fistula is located near the opening of the urethra, it is difficult to recognize it, and urine output is mistaken for incontinence.

The continuous flow of urine into the vagina causes inflammation of the mucous membrane with toxic compounds. There are signs of severe inflammation -,. Long-term inflammation of the mucous membranes of the vagina provokes the development of a purulent process. In this case, the vaginal discharge becomes purulent and acquires an unpleasant odor. A long-term vaginal infection through the fistula cavity can enter the urinary tract and cause.

Diagnosis of urogenital fistulas begins with the moment of vaginal examination, which allows to detect the opening of the urogenital fistula and pronounced changes in the vaginal mucosa. Ultrasound and urological examinations help clarify the diagnosis. Urinary fistulas are removed surgically.

In conclusion, I would like to note that almost all newly appeared and disturbing vaginal discharge require an attentive attitude, namely an immediate trip to the gynecologist.

Often girls and women are faced with white discharge from the uterus. In this regard, many have a number of questions: what is it? Should I worry about this and consult a doctor for advice? First, consider why the selections appear and why they are needed.

Causes of discharge and classification

There are a number of reasons why vaginal discharge occurs. The following are situations in which you should not be alarmed:

Beli - the popular name for whitish vaginal discharge, caused by the active development of pathological bacteria and fungi. Depending on which part of the female reproductive system is affected, I distinguish between such types of leucorrhoea as:


White discharge from the uterus - the norm and pathology

Normal secretions that appear under the conditions described above are called physiological and are devoid of:


The presence of such whites should not cause concern and anxiety. While breastfeeding or taking hormonal contraceptives, its amount may decrease, and with the introduction of the spiral into the uterus, it increases.

It is worth noting that such secretions begin to be produced approximately a year before the onset of menstruation, they have a slightly sour smell and white, maybe a little yellowish color.

However, in girls who do not have periods, they should normally be absent. Their presence at such an early age may indicate diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or the genitourinary system. In this case, it is important to consult a pediatric gynecologist for advice.

If a woman complains about:

These signs may indicate the onset of a disease, among them:

  • Candidiasis is the most common fungal disease characterized by the active development of fungi of the genus Candida albicans. It appears as a result of an imbalance in the intestinal microflora, which provokes the active reproduction of candida;
  • Trichomoniasis is a more serious sexually transmitted disease that produces a frothy, gray-yellow discharge with an unpleasant odor that resembles rotten fish;
  • Oncological diseases, for example, cervical cancer or erosion, with such problems, whites have blood impurities;
  • Diabetes;
  • Prolapse of the walls of the uterus;
  • Anemia.

In order to prevent the development of such diseases, it is very important to monitor the nature of the discharge from the uterus. If a woman notices something is wrong, then you should immediately seek advice from a gynecologist. The doctor will be able to prescribe the right treatment, which will lead to a complete recovery. It is never worth delaying a visit to a specialist, as practice shows that treatment started at the wrong time leads to an aggravation of the situation.

Why do women have mucus like snot? This question often worries the fair sex, who first encountered a similar situation. It should be borne in mind that the discharge begins from the first months of puberty, continues throughout the entire reproductive period and takes place during pregnancy and menopause.

Most of the secretions are considered natural, they do not cause discomfort to the woman and are a normal physiological process. But they can also be dangerous and signal health problems. Any representative of the fair sex should be well informed and know which discharge should be paid attention to and in which cases it is necessary to consult a doctor.

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    In principle, transparent vaginal discharge in the form of snot that is odorless is the norm for women of the reproductive period. Such a fluid tends to be produced during the period when the mature egg must leave the follicle and move through the tubes to the uterus.

    This unique phenomenon plays the most important role in the process of human reproduction and is called ovulation. A healthy woman who is fertile goes through this process every month. The purpose of ovulation is to join the egg with the sperm. If this happens, then a miracle will happen in the woman's body - life will arise, if not, then the egg will die and the woman will begin menstruation.

    Actually, this process is accompanied by transparent stretching discharge, similar to snot. In addition to them, during this period there may be an increased attraction to a sexual partner, swelling of the mammary glands, pain in the lower abdomen.

    By ovulation secretions, you can determine the days favorable for conception. What is this slime for? Everything is very simple - it creates a favorable environment for the movement of spermatozoa. In slippery secretions, it is easier for sperm to move, and their activity lasts longer. That is, everything during this period is directed in order for a new life to arise.

    It happens that the discharge becomes very plentiful. This is because the amount of estrogen gradually decreases. The discharge also changes - they become white like snot or cream. So, it's the turn of prolactin. Now he dictates the rules to the female body. Discharge like snot mixed with blood is the norm after menstruation, so the uterus removes blood clots that have accumulated inside.

    Based on the foregoing, it can be understood that white and transparent discharge, similar to snot, during a certain period of the menstrual cycle is a normal phenomenon. But it happens differently - the discharge is pathogenic in nature and is in no way connected with natural processes. How to distinguish them?

    When should you be worried?

    If the discharge has an unpleasant odor, turns gray, yellow or green, their consistency becomes frothy, curdled or the amount increases sharply, then this indicates diseases in the genitourinary system.

    These include:

    1. 1. Gardrenellosis. Discharge profuse, slimy, grey, smelling of raw fish.
    2. 2. Candiosis. Mucous discharge, profuse, with a sour smell and a curd-like consistency.
    3. 3. Genital herpes. The discharge is snotty, watery, and blisters form on the external genitalia.
    4. 4. Gonorrhea. Strong yellow or green discharge, like snot, there is an admixture of pus.
    5. 5. Trichomoniasis. Snot-like frothy discharge of green or white color.
    6. 6. Ureaplasmosis. The discharge is transparent, in the form of snot, with an unpleasant odor.
    7. 7. Chlamydia. White or clear discharge in a very large amount, with an odor.

    Along with the discharge in these diseases, there are other general symptoms. It can be white or transparent discharge in the form of snot in an amount of more than 1 tsp. per day, unpleasant odor, redness of the external genital organs, itching, cutting sensations during urination, pulling pains in the lower abdomen, discomfort during or after intimacy, menstruation failures, fever.

    If such symptoms are noted, then a doctor's consultation is urgently needed. Many of these diseases can lead to infertility, and in advanced stages they have rather serious consequences. It is not worth hoping that the pathology will pass without treatment, postponing therapy, a woman risks getting a chronic form of the disease.

    What is gardrenellez?

    This disease is associated with a violation of the microflora in the vagina. The necessary lactobacilli lose their numbers, and pathogenic microorganisms, in turn, increase. Gardnerella reproduces most actively, hence the name of the disease.

    The main symptom is a profuse fish-smelling discharge that is gray in color and looks like snot. Itching is noted in the vagina, the process of urination causes discomfort, sexual intercourse is accompanied by painful sensations.

    The causes of this disease can be various factors - poor ecology, lack of lactic acid bacteria in food, antibiotics, hormonal contraceptives, wearing panty liners, synthetic or tight underwear, frequent douching. These are external factors.

    Internal disorders include endocrine disorders, decreased immunity, stress, overwork, immunodeficiency states, chronic diseases, imbalance of microflora in the intestines and genitourinary canal.

    Infection with candidiasis

    This is an inflammation of the labia - large and small. The disease can begin in a woman at any age. Candidiasis occurs for several reasons. The most common is insufficient hygiene of the genital organs, especially during menstruation. Pathology can develop due to trauma to the genitals, tight or synthetic underwear, irritation of the vaginal mucosa (for example, powder that washes clothes or personal hygiene products), diabetes, obesity and other hormonal disruptions in the body. The cause of candidiasis can be scratching of the genitals due to an allergic reaction or infection, prolonged use of hormonal drugs, antibiotics, too much radiation therapy.

    Symptoms of candidiasis are:

    • inflammation and swelling of the labia;
    • the appearance of very severe itching;
    • discomfort and pain during intercourse;
    • soreness when touched;
    • mucous foul-smelling discharge in the form of snot;
    • sometimes the lymph nodes can become inflamed and the temperature rises.

    The consequences of this disease can be very unpleasant: in girls there is a fusion of the labia, and in adult women there may be traces of sores that can cause deformation of the genitals.

    Genital herpes

    Genital herpes can be contracted through unprotected sexual contact. This is a viral disease that is characterized by damage to the nervous system and various rashes throughout the body. When genital herpes is in the active stage, its manifestations begin in the intimate area.

    Symptoms of pathology are: itching, tingling in the perineum, vesicles, which, when touched, cause pain. The next stage of the disease is characterized by poor health, pain occurs in the thighs, the genitals swell. The third stage begins with the formation of liquid bubbles, which cause great discomfort, then they burst and a virus-filled exudate flows out of them.

    In addition to the main, already very unpleasant and painful symptoms, a woman has vaginal discharge, they have an unpleasant odor and a mucous consistency. If a representative of the fair sex turns to a specialist in time, then, most likely, the pathology will be able to stop at a certain stage, but if the disease is started, the virus can affect the internal organs and lead to various pathological consequences.

    Sexual infections - gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, chlamydia

    This is a sexually transmitted disease that is transmitted through sexual contact. The main reason is gonococci, which die very quickly in the environment, but take root well in the human body. The disease has two forms - genital and extragenital, the location of the disease is also classified: gonorrhea of ​​the lower section or the pelvic organs.

    General symptoms of pathology:

    1. 1. Pain during urination, itching and burning, urine is released in portions, and at the end of the act of urination there is a feeling of fullness of the bladder. The discharge is viscous, green, with an odor. The menstrual cycle is disturbed, lethargy appears, the bertolet glands swell, conjunctivitis and sore throat rarely occur.
    2. 2. If gonorrhea is not treated as soon as possible, the infection can spread into the bloodstream, causing severe joint pain, rash, and fever.

    Trichomoniasis is one of the most common diseases transmitted through unprotected sex. The first signs of the disease can be very similar to the symptoms of other sexually transmitted pathologies. This is itching, pain when urinating, discomfort with intimacy, mucous, abundant discharge from the vagina. With the course of the disease, the vaginal secretion acquires an unpleasant odor, becomes yellow-green in color, foam appears in the secretions. There are pains in the lower abdomen.

    It is noteworthy that more than half of the women do not observe any symptoms of pathology for quite a long time, and when they do appear, the disease already causes complications. It affects the fallopian tubes, the cervix and the uterus itself, while the temperature rises and sharp pains begin. Complications can cause infertility, less often - lead to infection of the urinary system.

    The cause of ureaplasmosis is a pathogenic microorganism that penetrates the body and persists at the cellular level until conditions favorable for it occur. For example, such as a decrease in immunity, any changes in the hormonal sphere (menstruation, childbirth, abortion), surgical manipulations in the female genital organs, etc.

    For a long time, the disease proceeds without any special symptoms, and then, when signs are observed and the woman goes to the doctor, it turns out that irreversible changes in the body have already occurred. For example, there is an adhesive process that can leave a woman infertile or provoke an ectopic pregnancy.

    Symptoms of ureaplasmosis are similar to those of cystitis. As for the specific signs, it is mainly discharge from the genital organs in the form of mucus, similar to snot, which has a not sharp, but unpleasant odor.

    It is necessary to treat the disease as quickly as possible, in a short time chlamydia can take a chronic form and cause serious complications in the urogenital area of ​​a woman.

    Manifestations during pregnancy

    After the egg has attached to the uterus, a complete restructuring of the hormonal background begins in the woman's body, so the discharge can also begin. This is considered the norm, but only if they are transparent (or have a slight white tint), stand out in a small amount and they do not have any smell.

    However, it is worth remembering that pregnancy is an increased burden on the body, as a result of which the immune system can weaken, which means that various infections can develop in the vagina and throughout the genitourinary system during this period. Therefore, if a pregnant woman begins to be disturbed by discharge from the genitals, it is better to consult a doctor and exclude infectious processes.

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