Condition with vegetative vascular dystonia. Therapy with folk remedies yourself at home. Breathing exercise for vegetative-vascular dystonia - video

Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD) is not an independent disease, but a secondary manifestation of multiple pathologies, a syndrome of common clinical diseases. It has hereditary predisposition. According to various authors, the amount of VSD ranges from 25% to 80%.

Relationship between VSD and the autonomic nervous system

Symptoms vegeto vascular dystonia depend on the state of the autonomic nervous system. It maintains hemostasis. Hemostasis mechanisms such as body temperature, blood sugar, blood pressure, acid-base balance, allow a person to quickly respond to different external influences and irritants. Due to the regulation of vegetative reactions, a person adapts to changes from the outside.

The autonomic nervous system has two opposite and inextricably linked departments - parasympathetic and sympathetic. Together they ensure the normal functioning of all organs and systems. But usually one type of reaction predominates in a person (vagotonia or sympathicotonia).

Etiology of the syndrome

The causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia are associated with dysregulation of autonomic nervous activity, hemostasis. Organic lesions of the nervous system are usually absent. According to the doctrine of nonspecific parts of the human brain, there are segmental and suprasegmental structures of the autonomic nervous system. When there is inconsistency in their activities (disintegration) and signs of VSD. The reasons for this may be the following:

• hormonal changes in the body;
• neuroses;
• organic brain diseases, head injuries;
• diseases of various internal organs;
• endocrine and allergic diseases;
• osteochondrosis;
• VSD of constitutional origin.

The causes of VSD form the basis for its classification into groups. The most extensive is the group of neuroses.

Constitutional features

The first VSD symptoms of constitutional origin appear at an early age. Children get sick in transport. When traveling for a long time, nausea and vomiting and headaches appear. Children cannot stand heat and stuffiness.

Instead of introducing their child to sports with a gradual increase in loads and hardening, parents often follow the wrong path. Fix their attention and the child on pathological symptoms, they are overly protective of him. As a result, anxious-manic character traits are formed. In the future, VSD symptoms have to be treated different ways and means.

General clinical manifestations

The autonomic nervous system is present in all organs and tissues of the human body. Therefore, the symptoms of VSD in adults differ in a variety of forms and accompany many pathologies of internal organs. The types are constant (permanent) and paroxysmal (paroxysmal). Paroxysms are most characteristic of the autonomic nervous system. The symptoms of attacks of vegetative-vascular dystonia are especially dramatic and vivid: fainting and panic attacks.

The clinical picture of vegetative crisis is difficult to confuse with other manifestations of VSD. The attack begins suddenly. A fatal fear of death arises. The pulse quickens sharply, the heart “jumps out” of the chest. Blood pressure rises sharply. A wave of heat or, conversely, cold spreads throughout the body. The limbs may become numb and convulsively tighten. The sick are rushing about, calling for urgent assistance. Symptoms of a VSD panic attack result in the repeated release of large amounts of urine.

Group of neuroses

Neurotic manifestations are characteristic of practically all types of vegetative dystonia. Therefore, discussion of VSD symptoms on forums is a frequent occurrence. Negative emotions are considered the main reason. These include depression, a long-term state of anxiety, fear, resentment, constantly pent-up irritation or anger. Sometimes violent positive emotions can provoke a violation of autonomic reactions. Clinically, in both cases the following occurs:

• cardiovascular disorders;
• respiratory disorders;
• gastrointestinal disorders;
• changes in thermoregulation.

Symptoms of VSD of the cardiac type are separated into a separate category. The complaints resemble cardiovascular diseases - angina pectoris, pre-infarction condition. First of all, they manifest themselves as various types of pain in the chest. The pain can be pressing, burning, sharp, squeezing. Important sign VSD - symptoms do not disappear when taking nitroglycerin. Such manifestations are accompanied by a feeling of cardiac arrest and tachycardia. The pulse can reach 100-130 beats per minute or more. A person feels interruptions heart rate. Moreover, ECG and Holter monitoring do not record any pathological changes.

Symptoms of VSD of the hypertensive type occur during stress and excessive nervous tension. Associated with an increase in the tone of the sympathetic part of the nervous system. Characterized by a sudden increase in systolic ( upper pressure) above 140 mm Hg. pillar To reduce pressure it is not necessary to use antihypertensive drugs. It can decrease quite quickly after taking conventional sedatives - motherwort tincture, valerian, Corvalol. Frequently recurring symptoms of VSD in the acute stage can lead to the development of hypertension.

At respiratory disorders (hyperventilation syndrome) there is a feeling of difficulty in breathing and a feeling of lack of air. A person who is dissatisfied with inhalation often inhales air through his mouth. Feels a lump in the throat, constriction chest. Symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia resemble bronchial and cardiac asthma. But they are not associated with diseases of the lungs and bronchi, but are caused by dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and are psychogenic in nature.

Violation gastrointestinal tract accompanied by nausea, vomiting, belching. A person’s appetite decreases or an indomitable feeling of hunger appears. Accordingly, he loses weight or gains overweight. Signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia with intestinal dysfunctions are manifested by constipation and diarrhea (colon syndrome). People concerned about their condition try to look for the cause in diseases - gastritis, peptic ulcers, enterocolitis. In fact, it's all about neurosis.

Thermoregulation disorders in VSD are characterized by the appearance of unmotivated low-grade fever. Elevated temperature may persist constantly or appear periodically. Signs of VSD in adults often appear excessive sweating. With thermoregulation disorders, a person is constantly cold or suffers from heat. At the same time, the temperature in the room does not go beyond normal. There are also no infectious diseases.

Against the background of numerous manifestations of vegetative-vascular dystonia, VSD is often observed according to mixed type. It manifests itself as unstable, changing blood pressure, cardiac symptoms, panic attacks, and impaired thermoregulation.

Group of diseases of internal organs

One of the reasons for this group of VSD is the irritation of pathological impulses from diseased organs. Most often from the area of ​​the stomach, gall bladder, intestines, and kidneys.

Duodenitis, peptic ulcer, colitis can lead to disruption of neurohumoral reactions and the appearance of symptoms of hypotonic VSD. They occur in both young and old age and are common among people of asthenic physique.

Manifested by the following symptoms:

• low numbers of systolic and diastolic pressure;
• lethargy, weakness, decreased ability to work;
• increased weather sensitivity;
• emotional instability;
• sleep disturbance - drowsiness or insomnia.

Frequent headaches are typical. Against the background of low pressure 90/50 mm Hg. shortness of breath, dizziness, and fainting may occur.

Other groups

Symptoms of VSD and osteochondrosis (discosis) often accompany each other. Vegetative-vascular dystonia is a common manifestation of osteochondrosis of the cervical and thoracic regions spinal column. As a result of degenerative processes in the spine, the nerve roots and vessels.

If osteochondrosis has developed in thoracic region spine, fingers often go numb. There is a feeling of “goosebumps” crawling. When nerve roots are compressed, pain can radiate to the heart area, simulating a heart attack.

Symptoms of VSD of cervical osteochondrosis are associated with insufficient oxygen supply to the brain. They manifest themselves as headaches, intermittent attacks of dizziness, and short-term “blackouts” of consciousness.

How to cope with the disease

Treatment of symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia should begin in early childhood. Only in this case, with age, many signs smooth out or completely disappear. It is necessary to engage in feasible sports. Do exercises with physical exercises various groups muscles. Adults and children are recommended to train the cardiovascular system. Move more, walk, be on the ground more often fresh air. Good results gives contrast dousing, swimming.

Drug treatment of VSD symptoms in adults is determined by the type of dystonia. Allows you to control the frequency and severity of vegetative crises, reduce fluctuations blood pressure. When sympathetic reactions predominate, the therapy is one, and when vagotonia is different. In some cases, adaptogens help, in others sedatives. But the doctor must eliminate the signs of VSD and treat the manifestations of the syndrome.

Video about one of the syndromes - panic attacks:

Vegetative-vascular dystonia includes the manifestation of all forms of disturbance of autonomic regulation.

In recent years, preference has been given to the term “vegetative dystonia syndrome” over “vegetative-vascular dystonia syndrome”, since this makes it possible to talk about the syndrome of vegetative-visceral dystonia, and the latter can be divided into various systemic dystonias (vegetative-cardiac, vegetative-visceral). gastric, etc.). Therefore, some authors more often use the term “vegetative dystonia syndrome.” The second part of the definition of the syndrome also caused some debate. N.K. Bogolepov proposed replacing “dystonia” with “dysfunction”. This is a logical and attractive position, however, for the pathology and physiology of the autonomic nervous system, terms such as vagotonia, sympathicotonia, and amphotonia are traditional.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia is a complex presented in the form of subjective complaints from patients, dysfunctions of the autonomic part of the nervous system. VSD is rightfully considered one of the most difficult syndromes to diagnose. Clinical manifestations The symptoms that vegetative-vascular dystonia demonstrates are diverse, there are more than 150 of them. All psycho-vegetative symptoms are associated with dysfunction of the limbic-reticular structure, which controls the functioning of the autonomic nervous system. Vegetative-vascular dystonia is not an independent nosological entity; rather, it develops as a secondary syndromic reaction in response to persistent, chronic diseases or to long-term stressful situations from the outside. VSD is a broad concept, more complex than the similar one - “neurocirculatory disorders”; accordingly, diagnostic measures should be deployed in the same way as treatment. Just three decades ago, vegetative-vascular dystonia was diagnosed relatively rarely; today, according to statistics, more than 75% of the inhabitants of our planet suffer from this disease to one degree or another. Most of them don't apply for medical care, since the symptoms of the syndrome are smoothed out, but about a third of patients require complex therapy, and about 10% require hospitalization.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia is called a syndrome because, as a rule, autonomic disorders are secondary manifestations of the most various forms pathology. And although the classification distinguishes between primary and secondary autonomic disorders, the common syndromic definition for them is autonomic dystonia syndrome. When analyzing the syndrome of vegetative dystonia, a number of factors are taken into account:

1. nature of autonomic disorders;
2. their permanence and paroxysmalness;
3. poly- and monosystemic nature of disorders;
4. generalized systemic and local disorders;
5. finally, and this seems especially important, three leading vegetative syndromes are distinguished within the syndrome of vegetative dystonia:
   • psychovegetative syndrome,
   • progressive autonomic failure syndrome,
   • vegetative-vascular-trophic syndrome.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD), or neurocirculatory dysfunction is pathological condition autonomic nervous system, which results in insufficient oxygen supply to organs and tissues. Patients often present many different complaints. But upon a comprehensive examination of the patient, no changes in the organs are detected, since symptoms arise from deviations in the structure and functions of the autonomic nervous system.

What is vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD)?

Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD) is a disease of the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates the functioning of blood vessels and internal organs. It is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic system. The action of the ANS systems is opposite: for example, the sympathetic system speeds up heart contractions, and the parasympathetic system slows it down.

And these functions are very diverse and vitally important. This:

• Maintain normal body temperature and blood pressure
• Processes of cardiovascular activity
• Digestion and urination
• Activities of the endocrine and immune systems

In VSD, the balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic system is disrupted, which causes the appearance of symptoms that worsen overall health. Symptoms of VSD do not pose a threat to human life, but sometimes they can signal the presence of serious problems in the vascular, nervous, cardiac or other vital systems.

The pathology is usually detected in childhood or young age, the peak of symptoms occurs at the age of 20-40 - the most productive and active period, while the usual rhythm of life is disrupted, professional activity becomes difficult, and family relationships suffer.

IN modern medicine vegetative vascular dystonia is not considered as independent disease, since it is a set of symptoms that develop against the background of the course of some organic pathology. Vegetative-vascular dystonia is often referred to as autonomic dysfunction, angioneurosis, psychovegetative neurosis, vasomotor dystonia, vegetative dystonia syndrome, etc.

The main signs of VSD are:

• Pain in the heart (cardialgia);
• Respiratory disorders;
• Autonomic disorders;
• Fluctuations in vascular tone;
• Neurosis-like conditions.

Thus, vegetative-vascular dystonia is not an independent disease, but a complex syndrome that is part of the total clinical picture of various psycho-emotional, somatic, neurological or mental diseases.

Causes

The pathology can appear in early childhood or adolescence, but, as a rule, it does not cause much concern. The peak occurs according to statistics at age period from 20 to 40 years. It has been proven that the female population is more susceptible to the disease than the male population.

His diagnosed in 60–70 percent of cases in the adult population and 10–15 percent in children and adolescents.

The causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia are very different and, sometimes, lie in early childhood or even period intrauterine development. Among them highest value have:

• Intrauterine hypoxia, abnormal birth, childhood infections;
• Stress, severe physical overload;
• Traumatic brain injuries and neuroinfections;
• Hormonal changes during pregnancy and adolescence;
• Heredity and constitutional features;
• Availability chronic pathology internal organs.

Can contribute to vegetative dystonia behavioral factors and lifestyle:

• Excessive addiction to alcohol and coffee
• Great mental or physical stress
• The type of temperament and character traits also play a role:
  • The most balanced sanguine people are the least susceptible to VSD.
  • On the contrary, choleric and melancholic people are at risk

Mentally balanced, cheerful people get sick autonomic disorders much less often than anxious, irritable and suspicious

People suffering from VSD sensitive to life changes . For them, the test becomes a change in climate, moving a long distance, to a different time zone - unpleasant symptoms begin to appear.

Symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia in adults

The manifestations of vegetative-vascular dystonia are diverse, which is due to the multifaceted influence on the body of the VNS, which regulates the basic autonomic functions - breathing, blood supply, sweating, urination, digestion, etc. Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction can be expressed constantly or manifested by attacks, crises (panic attacks, fainting, other paroxysmal conditions).

All symptoms characteristic of VSD can be combined into the following large groups:

• Weakness, fatigue, lethargy, especially severe in the morning;
• Unpleasant sensations or pain in the heart area;
• A feeling of lack of air and associated deep breaths;
• Anxiety, sleep disturbances, restlessness, irritability, concentration on one’s illness;
• Headaches and dizziness;
• Excessive sweating;
• Instability of pressure and vascular tone.

All of the above symptoms are largely due to vascular tone. Therefore, depending on which vascular tone predominates in a given person, the following types of VSD are distinguished:

• Hypertensive;
• Hypotensive;
• Mixed;
• Cardialgic.

A person who has vegetative-vascular dystonia often suffers from:

• sleep disorders
• headache
• weather dependence
• increased fatigue
• depressed mood
• obsessive states and all kinds of neuroses
• He may have frequent fainting, hand tremors, heart rhythm disturbances, panic attacks, phobias of various diseases, etc.

Symptoms of an attack of VSD

Like other pathologies, vegetative-vascular dystonia can worsen after emotional disturbances or acute oxygen starvation. Acute attack not dangerous to the patient's life, but it can cause problems with work blood vessels, as well as mental disorders and internal pathologies.

To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to know the symptoms that manifest an exacerbation of neurocirculatory dysfunction. These include:

• a sharp deterioration in health;
• muscle weakness, feeling of “woolly” legs;
• pressure change;
• chest pain;
• heart rhythm disturbance;
• pain in the epigastric zone;
• nausea.

Complications

The course of vegetative-vascular dystonia can be complicated by autonomic crises, which occur in more than half of patients. Depending on the prevalence of violations in a particular department autonomic system Sympathoadrenal, vagoinsular and mixed crises are distinguished.

If we talk about neurological and cardiac disorders that can provoke the disease, they manifest themselves in the following:

• decreased efficiency of the heart muscle, interruptions in its activity;
• development of hypertension or hypotension - high and low blood pressure;
• disturbances in the functioning of the urinary system, increased urge to go to the toilet;
• changes in the autonomic regulation of the eyes, which leads to deterioration of vision;
• failure in the metabolic process, loss of body weight;
• development of weather dependence - acute reaction the body to changes in weather conditions;
• incorrect operation vascular system, leading to poor nutrition brain tissue;
• gastrointestinal dysfunction - constipation, diarrhea, bloating, etc.

The consequences of VSD are essentially its aggravated symptoms, which already occur at early stages development of the syndrome, but do not cause much concern to patients.

Diagnostics

Patients with vegetative-vascular dystonia are usually treated by a neurologist. Additionally, consultations with a cardiologist, gastroenterologist, and endocrinologist are prescribed. The treatment involves a physiotherapist, a specialist in physical therapy and massage, reflexologist.

Exacerbation of VSD occurs in spring and autumn. Early spring is considered a dangerous period for dystonics. The deterioration of the condition is sometimes so serious that you have to see a doctor and take a sick leave.

The complaints of people suffering from vegetative-vascular dystonia are as follows:

• from the vascular system– pressure surges, headaches, heart pain, tachycardia, increased sweating, weakness;
• decreased immunity caused by seasonal hypovitaminosis after winter, exhaustion protective forces, frequent, causing a crisis of VSD.

To correctly diagnose VSD, it is necessary to exclude somatic (organic) diseases that give similar symptoms.

1. For example, to rule out (hyperthyroidism), an ultrasound scan of the thyroid gland is performed and blood is donated to test its hormonal activity.
2. Sometimes you need to do an ECG (electrocardiogram), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), vascular Dopplerography (ultrasound of brain vessels), visit an ophthalmologist and endocrinologist.
3. And only after somatic diseases have been excluded and the diagnosis of VSD has been fully confirmed, the doctor can prescribe individual treatment.

Treatment of VSD in adults

Treatment of VSD is carried out comprehensively and includes the following points:

• Normalization of daily routine, sleep, rest;
• Elimination of physical inactivity using dosed physical activity (PT);
• Therapeutic massage and water procedures;
• Balneotherapy (treatment with mineral waters);
• Phototherapy;
• Limiting sources of emotional experiences - computer games, TV shows;
• Counseling and family psychological correction;
• Normalization of nutrition ( regular use food fortified with vitamins);
• Electrophoresis;
• Drug therapy.

The most difficult stage in therapeutic intervention is eliminating the causes that led to autonomic disorder. Reviews from patients with vegetative-vascular dystonia indicate that a person is often independently able to determine the factors contributing to the manifestation of the syndrome. They indicate stress, overwork, quarrels and conflicts in the family, leading to an attack of VSD.

Drugs for vegetative-vascular dystonia

If ineffective non-drug methods pharmaceutical drugs are prescribed. These drugs are selected individually for each patient, starting with minimal doses and gradually increasing to the desired concentration. Particular attention is paid to getting rid of chronic foci infections in the body, treatment of endocrine and other pathologies.

Drug treatment is determined by the predominant symptoms in a particular patient. The main group of drugs for VSD consists of drugs with a sedative effect:

• Herbal remedies – valerian, motherwort, novo-passit, etc.;
• Antidepressants – cipralex, paroxetine, amitriptyline;
• Tranquilizers - seduxen, elenium, tazepam, grandaxin.

Depending on the disturbing complaints, the doctor may prescribe tablets for vegetative-vascular dystonia of the following drug groups:

• potassium and magnesium preparations (Magne B-6, Panangin, Asparkam) - to improve vascular tone and the relationship between nerve cells;
• beta-blockers (Metaprolol, Anaprilin) ​​– for persistent arterial hypertension;
• nootropics (Piracetam) - to normalize metabolic processes and improve blood circulation;
• antidepressants (Amitriptyline, Cipralex) – for severe symptoms to regulate the functioning of the central nervous system;
• tranquilizers (Diazepam) – to provide sedative effect for anxiety and panic attacks.

Physiotherapy for VSD

Physiotherapy in the treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia is aimed at regulating vascular tone, normalizing metabolism and eliminating pain. The nature, systematicity and intensity of the procedures are selected by the doctor in accordance with the characteristics of the disease.

The effects that physiotherapy produces on a patient with vegetoneurosis are:

• calming – electrosleep, electrophoresis of drugs sedative effect, aeroionotherapy;
• tonic – magnetic and laser therapy, inductothermy;
• vasodilator - galvanization, local darsonvalization;
• vasoconstrictor - electrophoresis of adrenaline and other adrenomimetic drugs (drugs that stimulate adrenergic receptors);
• antiarrhythmic - electrophoresis of potassium chloride, lidocaine.

Therapeutic massage and water treatments

Physical effects on the body, in particular massotherapy and water procedures improve blood circulation, improve work lymphatic system, if necessary, the structure of the spine is restored (in the case), and along with the spine, the nerve canals with the vessels that pass through it are aligned. In addition, massage allows you to relax, relieve stress, and improve muscle tone.

Physical exercise

Most experts in the field of prevention and treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia agree that physical rehabilitation should be put in first place.

It is various physical exercises that can significantly help in the fight against the disease. But the right balance of complexity is important here physical exercise and the abilities of the individual patient. This is the only way to achieve the best results.

What should you avoid?

Some actions of the patient can aggravate the condition of VSD. Thus, if there are already existing disorders in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system, you should not:

• excessively involved in meditation;
• create additional stress for the body or exhaust yourself with increased physical activity;
• go on diets for a long time or even starve;
• be an inveterate pessimist;
• drink alcoholic beverages, smoke;
• listen to recommendations from people who do not have the appropriate medical education(especially in matters of drug treatment of the disease).

Nutrition and diet

Proper nutrition for vegetative-vascular dystonia in children and adults requires the exclusion of certain dishes and products from the diet. Basically it is food containing a large number of bad cholesterol, increasing excitability and negatively affecting the tone and structure of blood vessels.

There are no hard and fast rules. VSD has a psycho-emotional etiology, so it is extremely important that the patient does not experience unnecessary stress. The diet should leave you feeling light, and not constant restrictions, which in itself can lead to depression even for a healthy person.

Proper nutrition for vegetative-vascular dystonia is based on the principles:

• the diet contains many foods containing magnesium and potassium;
• Products that stabilize blood pressure are required;
• normalize water-salt balance Drinking normal fluid intake will help.

The basic rules when creating a menu and diet for people with vegetative-vascular dystonia are the following:

• Food should be beneficial to the body.
• Food should be healthy.
• It is necessary that with food intake, all the necessary beneficial elements for its functioning enter the body.

Diet for vegetative-vascular dystonia of the hypertensive type includes foods and dishes with reduced salt content. Allowed:

• vegetable soups with cereals and soups not based on strong meat/fish broth with minimum quantity extractives without adding spices and seasonings.
• It is preferable to consume whole grain bread or with bran, in small quantities - rye or wheat.
• Meat and poultry should be low-fat varieties and it is better to eat them boiled and baked.

With hypotonic form of VSD vegetables and fruits should contain vitamin C and beta-carotene, it is recommended to eat:

• citrus fruits, bananas, pineapples. You can eat potatoes, semolina, and white flour bread.
• To increase blood pressure you need to eat nuts, buckwheat, brains, liver, pomegranate.
• Herring and cheeses can be introduced into the diet a couple of times a week, this will increase blood pressure.
• Sweets, chocolate, coffee and cocoa have a good effect.

• oatmeal and buckwheat, beans and onions, peas and eggplants, grapes, peaches, apricots, raisins and dried apricots.
• From drinks, choose juices, compotes and jelly.
• Give greater benefit dairy products, dishes from chicken eggs, lean fish and meat.

Folk remedies

There are many folk remedies for vegetative-vascular dystonia, below we have collected several effective recipes with different types of VSD.

Hypertensive type (high blood pressure):

• Hawthorn helps best. Here you can use the following recipe: keep a teaspoon of the product in a water bath (250 ml of water) for 4 hours; This infusion can be drunk 25 grams three times a day.
• Mix lemon balm in equal proportions, lingonberry leaves, hawthorn flowers. Measure out 8 g of the mixture, pour in 0.3 liters of boiling water and infuse. You need to take the decoction 50 ml 5 times a day;

Hypotonic type(when the pressure is low):

• take 1 part each of zamanika roots, rose hips and hawthorn berries, 2 portions each of chamomile and St. John's wort. Take 10 g of raw material and pour it into a glass cold water and leave for 4 hours, then heat in a water bath for 15 minutes, leave for an hour, filter. The volume is drunk in 3 doses during the day;

For surges in blood pressure, you can use a special infusion:

• it includes ingredients such as hawthorn flowers (20 grams), lily of the valley flowers (10 g), valerian root (20 g), hop cones (10 g), peppermint leaves (15 g), fennel fruits (15 g);
• one tablespoon of this mixture (well crushed) is poured into a glass of boiling water;
• To infuse, you need to put the solution in a cool place for three hours, then bring to a boil and let cool.

For VSD, for a general tonic effect on the body, use an infusion using echinacea, hops and rhodiola (golden root). To make this remedy required:

• Echinacea inflorescences;
• Rhodiola rosea root;
• Hop cones.

Mix in a ratio of 2:2:1 and add hot water at the rate of one glass of water per tablespoon. collection When the infusion has cooled, you need to add one tbsp. l. honey present herbal remedy Drink during the day in three doses. Use this remedy every day for a month. It is advisable to carry out such treatment once a year.

Forecast

The prognosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia is favorable; often its manifestations remain forever in childhood. However, without prevention and treatment, vegetative-vascular dystonia can lead to a persistent increase in blood pressure, which changes the structure and functions of various internal organs; to disturbances in digestive processes, etc.

In case of VSD, it is necessary to conduct regular (usually seasonal) courses to prevent exacerbations, for which the following are prescribed:

• herbal medicine,
• vitamin therapy,
• massage,
• physical therapy,
• physiotherapeutic procedures,
• Spa treatment.

We in simple words explained what kind of disease this is and why it is important to start treating vegetative vascular dystonia in time. Take care of your health and at the first signs and symptoms of VSD, consult a doctor.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD) is included in the list of the most common diseases of mankind. Symptoms of VSD are found in almost 50% of adults and children, and only a small part of them promptly seek help from doctors.

Developing vegetative-vascular dystonia due to disturbances in the normal functioning of the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for functioning bloodstream and internal organs.

To the classic symptoms vegetative-vascular Dystonia includes: a sudden feeling of lack of air and a coma in the throat, rapid pulse, sudden increase and decrease in blood pressure, pain in the area where the heart is located, abdominal cramps, hot flashes, sweating.

Treatment of the disease includes: psychotherapy, the use of sedatives, antidepressants, herbal medicine, lifestyle changes, conflict resolution and stress management.

What is VSD?

Vegetative-vascular dystonia in any of its many manifestations is a disorder and dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. The patient presents a lot of complaints that relate to different systems and organs. Moreover, the entire complex of observed symptoms occurs at any time without visible provoking factors and causes panic fear in a person, even to the fear of sudden death. Such attacks are called “panic attacks”. It is precisely these exacerbations of the disease that emergency physicians have to deal with. But at the same time vegetative-vascular Dystonia is not a life-threatening disease and cannot lead to serious complications.

However, in the absence of a potential threat to life, VSD can greatly reduce performance and worsen the quality of life in general, contribute to progression some serious pathologies.

Causes of VSD

Reasons leading to development vegetative-vascular dystonia, extremely much. Doctors are constantly identifying new and new factors that provoke the disease.

1 . Acute and chronic infectious processes, which are the trigger in the development of the first symptoms of dystonia. With any infection, the body is in a state of stress, since the disease itself brings certain suffering. Fear of a new infection is formed. After recovery, a person becomes overly attentive to the slightest changes in his well-being and finds non-existent symptoms.

2. A state of chronic stress, overwork, inadequate nutrition, which can sharply reduce the body's protective capabilities. And this is a direct path to the emergence of new infections. Constant stress and overwork destabilize human nervous system. Adaptive mechanisms are wasted, and when a person encounters a real infection, he no longer has the strength to fight it.

3. Sedentary lifestyle and prolonged work in a sitting position. Often, symptoms of VSD are preceded by intense work with documents or at the computer.

4 . Hormonal changes very often underlie VSD in adolescents, as well as in women after childbirth or when menopause approaches.

5 . Bad habits (smoking and alcohol) can provoke the first symptoms of VSD, especially in young people.

6. Personality characteristics and numerous psychological diseases are the main causes of VSD. It has been scientifically proven that suspicious or impressionable people, especially young people. Prolonged depression may be disguised as VSD. Unfortunately, people with persistent character also suffer from VSD. But they also aggravate their condition, not complaining and worrying about everything within themselves.

Somatoform disorder is the main characteristic of VSD

By somatoform disorder is meant a condition when the patient has many subjective complaints and symptoms (discomfort, pain, malaise), but a comprehensive examination with constant monitoring does not reveal any serious pathologies of the internal organs.

Somatoform disorder arises due to transformation problems mental plan And conflicts sick V bodily complaints . At this themselves PatientsNot feel available V them certain psychological problemsAnd essence his illnesses see V physical ailments.

A typical victim of VSD is young, very impressionable and a restless person, prone to quick and sudden changes in intensity, not trusting the opinions of doctors, but often seeking medical help. Such people constantly study medical books in search of a diagnosis, and then come to the doctor and say that they have this or that disease. Patients describe their feelings colorfully, in detail and emotionally. In search of the cause of their condition, patients willingly undergo all sorts of complex examinations, but remain disappointed when they don't find anything serious. Due to the presence of a huge number of very diverse symptoms, which are often similar to manifestations of serious diseases, people with somatoform disorder, when their condition worsens, call an ambulance or urgently visit a doctor.

Symptoms of VSD

The autonomic nervous system coordinates the activity of almost all systems and organs of the body, so its violation physiological functioning can be expressed in a wide variety of symptoms.

Today there are several forms vegetative-vascular dystonia which have a characteristic set of symptoms, more or less constant, related to functioning of one or another body system and similar in course to certain diseases.

1 . Cardialgic type of VSD, which characterized the appearance of painful discomfort in the heart area. The pain can be aching, dull, and last a long time. Stitching, piercing pains may also be felt. In addition to heart pain, there is a fear of death, anxiety, difficulty breathing normally, increased blood pressure or increased heart rate. The main difference from the signs of angina or myocardial infarction is pain more long lasting and have no connection with the load, and are also not relieved by taking nitroglycerin.

2 . Tachycardial type of VSD, which is manifested by increased heart rate (tachycardia). Patients feel fast and strong heartbeats, a pounding pulse in the temporal region and pulsation of the cervical vessels, a rush of blood to the face, fear of death and general anxiety.

3 . Hypertensive a type of VSD, manifested by episodes of increased blood pressure for a short time. In this case, the pressure increase almost never exceeds 170/95 mm. rt . Art.

4 . Visceral type of VSD, which characterized work disorder digestive systems in the form of irritable bowel syndrome (flatulence, feeling of heaviness in the abdomen, pain, constipation and diarrhea, rumbling).

5 . The hypotonic type of VSD is manifested by episodes of decreased blood pressure to 90/60 mm. rt . st and below. Hypotension is accompanied by weakness, darkening of the eyes, headache, dizzy, cold hands and feet, increased sweating of the extremities.

6. The respiratory type of VSD is characterized by the patient’s inability to take a deep breath, which forces him to yawn. There is a lump in the throat and a sore throat, a constant dry cough and painful discomfort in the chest (aching or stabbing pain), which is especially felt when inhaling.

7. Asthenic type of VSD, characterized by decrease performance patient, decreased resistance to all kinds of stress, increased fatigue. Patients are constantly in a depressing state of extreme fatigue, weakness, there is a slight increase in temperature to 37.5 C, and slight trembling of the hands appears.

8 . A mixed form of VSD, in which the symptoms of all types of the disease are combined.

Vegetative crises(≈panic attacks) are acute, sudden attacks that greatly frighten patients. Attacks begin after stress, fright, or for no apparent reason (they are also observed at night during sleep). Very often, an attack occurs while the patient is in a confined space or in public places.

Diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia

All patients with suspected VSD are subject to a detailed examination by a physician. Staging diagnosis VSD possible only after one hundred percent exceptions everyone diseases, which can leak With similar symptoms.

At such, simple on first sight, tactics diagnostics on practice arises weight difficulties. Sick categorically Not agree With those, What heavy diseases, alleged them, Not diagnosed doctors. They are seeking absolutely unjustified deep surveys And tests, change doctors, carry out parallel research V several clinics. Naturally, What to the patient have to early or late accept diagnosis VSD, to learn live With this problem And fight With her manifestations.

Modern methods of treating VSD

Treatment vegetative-vascular dystonia It has complex an approach. Held it therapists, cardiologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, in some cases with the participation of endocrinologists. Highlight some important directions, application which helps much improve state sick or get well.

1 . Elimination causes VSD And psychotherapy. Elimination root causes, brought To disease, is the most important And complex stage treatment VSD.

Often sick With VSD able on one's own name conditions And causes, calling at them seizures diseases (family Problems, personal failures, stress And overwork).

Sick With VSD should understand, What this disease Not is dangerous disease And never Not will lead To serious complications or consequences. Awareness everyone sick good quality available manifestations VSD, How independent, So And V process treatment, is the most main stage psychotherapy illnesses. Sick, realized reason his illness, relate To specific manifestations illnesses without fear And can fast suppress seizures VSD.

If patient Not Maybe on one's own come To thoughts, What his state Not dangerous For life, recommended carrying out course psychotherapy, visit programs By autorelaxation And classes yoga.

2 . Healthy image life And hygiene labor process. U many sick Part symptoms And even seizures VSD arise after tense worker day. IN such cases optimal means prevention exacerbation VSD is strict And permanent compliance hygiene labor. TO example, working behind computer, necessary interrupt on rest, warm up, walk, breathe fresh air. Every hour work must end 10 -15 minutes recreation.

Everyone without exceptions recommended regularly study calm And safe species sports, which include control breathing: swimming, run jogging, yoga.

3 . Medication treatment VSD. Treatment vegetative-vascular dystonia medications helps establish normal work vegetative nervous systems. For treatment are used following groups medical funds: sedatives vegetable drugs, tranquilizers, antidepressants, adaptogens, vitamins.

Definition type, dosages And duration reception drug held treating doctor. Should understand, What one only medicinal treatment few, even the most expensive And quality drugs Not can help without techniques psychotherapy And compliance healthy image life.

4 . Physiotherapy V treatment VSD. At VSD shown application the following physiotherapy: electrophoresis, water procedures, acupuncture, massage, which very effective, How addition To medicinal treatment And psychotherapy.

Prevention of VSD

Correct, balanced nutrition And compliance healthy image life – beaten adviсe, But For of people With VSD these recommendations acquire paramount meaning. Even If Human It has hereditary predisposition To this illnesses, at him There is All chances stay healthy, If will be observed healthy image life, full-fledged dream And healthy food diet. Regular on foot walks And jogging on fresh air strengthen How immunity, So And cardiac muscle.

Conclusion

Important moment, defining success everyone therapeutic events, is strong wish himself sick get rid of from illness. Skeptical customized Patients V in the end Not experience improvements, A If positive dynamics And There is, symptoms All equals are returning.

Health person depends only from n his himself – gold words, having direct attitude To problem vegetative-vascular dystonia!

Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD)– the name of a set of symptoms characterizing autonomic dysfunction of cardio-vascular system. Vegetative-vascular dystonia is not, in fact, an independent disease. Diseases may be hidden under this diagnosis endocrine system, central nervous system (CNS), circulatory disorders, heart damage, stress and even mental disorders. More modern names vegetative-vascular dystonia: somatoform autonomic dysfunction (SVD) or neurocircular dystonia(NCD).

In modern life with constant stress, overload at work, poor nutrition and not the best environment the diagnosis of “vegetative-vascular dystonia” can be made to 70% of the population. Moreover, not only adults suffer (up to 75% of neurologists’ patients), but also adolescents and children (up to 25%).

The debut (first manifestation) of disturbances in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) usually occurs at adolescence and is caused by hormonal changes in the body. Hormonal imbalances are one of the reasons for the development of VSD. Also, this symptom complex develops more often in women, as it carries a connotation psychological disorders(anxiety, hysteria), which are more characteristic of women.

Why does vegetative-vascular dystonia occur?

Symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia can only appear in stressful situations, or can be constant companions in human life. The last option usually happens when physical weakness cardiovascular system or under severe psychologically traumatic circumstances, when psychological disorders have already “sank” to the physiological level. What can cause symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia?

• Diseases of the nervous system (especially the brain stem and hypothalamus), encephalopathy.
• Chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system (heart defects, tachycardia or bradycardia, arrhythmias).
• Diseases of the endocrine system (especially those associated with hormone TSH and diabetes mellitus).
• Periods of hormonal changes in the body (adolescence, pregnancy, menopause).
• Brain injuries.
• Cervical osteochondrosis and brain nutrition disorders.
• Hereditary weakness of the nervous and cardiovascular systems.
• Chronic infections, especially in the oral cavity (tonsillitis, caries).
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, ulcerative conditions).
• Psychological overload and constant stress.
• Personality Features: increased anxiety, hypochondria (excessive concern about one’s own health), iatrogenics (suspicious and hyper-vulnerable reaction to the statements of medical staff, a tendency to see a fatal outcome in all diagnoses).
• Overwork, regular lack of sleep.
• Abuse of caffeine, nicotine, alcohol.
• Abrupt climate change.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia: symptoms

In total, more than 150 symptoms, the most common of which:

• headaches, dizziness, sleep disturbances;
• cardialgia, interruptions in the functioning of the heart, pain mistakenly regarded as cardiac;
• myalgia, neuralgia, joint pain;
• asthenia ( general weakness, increased fatigue, possible fainting), including apathy;
• neurotic disorders ( intrusive thoughts and movements, increased anxiety and suspiciousness, hysteria, phobias);
• breathing problems (feeling of lack of air, it is impossible to take a deep breath);
• coldness of the extremities, trembling of the hands, rare convulsive movements;
• swelling of tissues;
• numbness of the limbs, feeling of “pins and needles” on the body;
• feeling of heat in the face, constantly elevated temperature(about 37˚);
• symptomatic-adrenal crises (usually during sleep): trembling of the whole body, cold sweating is possible, anxiety, fear of death;
• urinary disorders and gastrointestinal disorders.

If you find the above symptoms in yourself or your loved ones, contact a neurologist to establish an accurate diagnosis hidden under the symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia: treatment and prevention

VSD is a complex condition, almost always accompanied by psychological disorders, therefore, exclusively medicated will not have the full effect. When diagnosing VSD, you should definitely seek the services of a psychotherapist.

Diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia

Suspicions of vegetative-vascular dystonia are an excellent reason to full inspection body. VSD has about 150 symptoms and can be a manifestation of about 30 diseases. Depending on which side the main complaints come from, it is necessary to diagnose:

• cardiovascular system: do an electrocardiogram, and also, if necessary, an ultrasound of the heart;
• central nervous system: conduct an MRI or CT scan, EEG or echogram of the brain;
• it is important to check the tone and blood filling of the cerebral vessels (vascular Doppler);
• diseases of the spine (especially cervical osteochondrosis, displacement of the first or fifth cervical vertebrae);
• study the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract for ulcers and other functional disorders(not of a nervous nature);

Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia

Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia is always a complex of measures and includes three areas:

1. Treatment of the underlying somatic disease which causes dystonic symptoms. Getting rid of a permanent source of infection in the body.
2. A course of meetings with a psychotherapist who, in addition to individual psychological techniques, can prescribe drug treatment(usually these are mild sedatives designed to reduce anxiety, or antidepressants).
3. Relaxing and restorative techniques: vitamin therapy, massages, acupuncture, breathing exercises, yoga.

Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia will not be quick; dystonia cannot be gotten rid of, like a cold, in a week. In addition to treating the underlying disease, which can be long-term (if the disease has not progressed to chronic form), it is necessary to change the usual way of life: get rid of bad habits, restore sleep and wakefulness, change the psycho-social situation in order to reduce the level of daily stress.

Prevention of vegetative-vascular dystonia

The main wishes for the prevention of vegetative-vascular dystonia will be standard recommendations:

• avoidance of prolonged stressful (psychotraumatic) situations;
• visit a family therapist;
• timely rest and good sleep;
• giving up bad habits (especially smoking);
• healthy eating;
• regular moderate physical exercise: running, morning exercises;
• relaxation practices: massages, breathing exercises, swimming, yoga;
• regular medical examination.

It is possible to relieve the symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia, and this will significantly improve the quality of life. Agree, you feel cheerful, without constant drowsiness, weakness, pain in all parts of the body, it is worth getting examined by specialists, identifying the cause of your ailment and getting rid of it.