Cleansing the lacunae of the tonsils. Washing the tonsils: pros and cons of various methods. Additional measures in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis

Effective method conservative treatment chronic inflammation lymphoid tissue in the cavity of the nasopharynx and pharynx is the washing of the affected tonsils. Sanitation procedures have become widespread among children and adults. The positive results of these techniques make it possible to avoid surgical treatment for chronic tonsillitis and adenoiditis. The procedure for sanitation of the tonsils has little side effects and contraindications.

Indications for the procedure

Tonsils, although small, play an important role in the functioning of the human body. They are accumulations of lymphoid tissue covered with mucous membrane. They produce lymphocytes and antibodies - the main cells of the immune system. On the surface of the palatine tonsils there are depressions - lacunae, which turn into crypts in the depths of the tissue.

Lymphocytes, coming to the surface of the gaps, fight harmful bacteria and viruses. If the immune system is weakened, the cells cannot completely fight off the infection, and an inflammatory reaction is triggered. Mucus and pus begin to accumulate in the gaps on the mucous membrane.

Sanitation of the tonsils is prescribed to remove purulent accumulations in order to prevent further distribution infection. It is prescribed for a number of inflammatory diseases:

1. Tonsillitis - inflammation of the palate lymph glands, acute form(angina) and chronic form;
2. Pharyngitis – purulent form inflammation of the tissue in the throat;
3. – acute condition, in which inflammation affects the tissue near the lymphoid tissue;
4. Adenoids are inflammation of the glandular tissue in the nasopharynx.

Periodic washing of the lacunae of the palatine tonsils helps prevent their removal when the inflammation process becomes chronic. It also prevents further spread of the inflammatory process to nearby tissues.

Technique for washing tonsils

Main aspects of the procedure:

• To avoid the appearance of a gag reflex, the throat is sprayed with lidocaine solution.
• You are prohibited from eating or drinking for 2 hours before the procedure.
• Before rinsing the tonsils, the doctor must take a bacterial culture from the nasal cavity and throat. This is necessary to determine sensitivity to antibiotics.
• The procedure lasts on average about a minute with one gland. But it may take longer, depending on the severity of the suppuration.
• During the process of removing a tonsil plug, the patient may feel discomfort or pain.
• You must breathe through your nose during the procedure.
• Depending on the specifics of the procedure, the course of sanitation ranges from 5 to 10 procedures, which are prescribed once every two days.

A repeat course of rinsing is prescribed after 10-12 months.

Some washing methods

Depending on how it is more convenient for the patient to wash the tonsils, there are methods implemented at home or in medical institutions.

Sanitation of tonsils at home:

1. Rinse. It is carried out using disinfectant solutions. Recommended for mild degree course of the disease.
2. Wiping the tonsils with cotton swabs or disks soaked in a special solution. Also, it is carried out for uncomplicated forms of damage.
3. Sanitation of tonsils with irrigator. This device can be purchased at a pharmacy. It should be filled with chlorhexidine with a solution concentration of 0.12%. When using an irrigator, there is a possibility of damaging the gland tissue.
4. Syringe for washing tonsils.

It is better to find out from your doctor how to effectively rinse the palatine tonsils at home, so as not to harm the lymphoid tissue and nasopharyngeal mucosa.

Sanitation of tonsils in medical organizations:

1. Hardware washing of the tonsils using the Tonzillor apparatus (vacuum method) and the UZOL apparatus (ultrasound).
2. A specialized syringe for washing the tonsils.

Also, clinics can use an irrigator. But most frequent method, which can be offered in any medical institution, is washing the tonsils with a medicinal solution from a syringe.

Rinsing the tonsils with a syringe

To carry out this procedure, specialists use a syringe for intralaryngeal infusion of solution and rinsing of the tonsils. This method is quite common, but the positive result of its implementation depends on the experience of the doctor. Because if you damage the walls of the gland, you can spread the infection or injure the lacunae, with subsequent scarring.

Instead of a needle, there is a special curved metal cannula at the end of the syringe for rinsing the tonsils. It is injected into the cavities of the lacunae and the solution in the syringe, purulent plugs are washed out of them. During the procedure, the solution along with the “dirt” is poured into the oral cavity. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly spit it into the cuvette.

After completing the procedure, the affected tissues are lubricated with a disinfectant solution. And in the coming days the patient must follow a diet excluding solid and hot foods.

Vacuum washing method

Washing the tonsils using the vacuum method is considered the most effective. Because the solution penetrates more deep tissue, which promotes high-quality removal of pus. Also, infected pus plugs do not come into contact with healthy tissues, which prevents them from becoming infected.

To wash the lacunae of the tonsils, the Tonsillor apparatus is used. A vacuum attachment is attached to the inflamed tissue. A medicinal solution is pumped through it into the lacunae, and then the contaminated liquid exits through a special tube of the device. The next stage of washing the tonsils with the device is soaking the lymphoid tissue with medicinal solutions.

It is also possible to wash the nasopharyngeal tonsils using the Tonsillor apparatus. To do this, use a special curved nozzle. The procedure is not very long and is limited to 5 applications.

Washing with UZOL device

This method is based on the phenomenon of bubble formation and their gradual collapse, combined with ultrasound. The vibrations caused by the popping of the bubbles damage the bacterial cells. This is a fairly effective sanitizing procedure that has no analogues.

Washing the tonsils with the UZOL device lasts no more than 5 minutes. A stream of healing solution is sent to the inflamed areas of lymphoid tissue. And the liquid flowing into the oral cavity is spat into the cuvette. To avoid the solution entering the respiratory tract, each injection occurs during exhalation.

Ultrasonic sanitation of the tonsils, using the UZOL device, allows you to achieve positive effect with small doses of medicinal solution. This technique is applicable during pregnancy and childhood.

Solutions for washing the tonsils: how to prepare yourself

A solution for sanitation of the tonsils can be purchased at a pharmacy or prepared independently. From pharmacy forms the most effective and affordable solutions are: Miramistin, Chlorhexidine, Lugol, Hexoral, Furacilin and Chlorophyllipt.

Furacilin tablets are quite common in the practice of treating inflammation of lymphoid tissue. To prepare the solution, crush one tablet and dilute it completely in a glass of water. But it must be used immediately after preparation, otherwise the Furacilin solution loses its medicinal properties.

For wiping, you can use brown Lugol's solution. Its basis is iodine, and when interacting with pus, it can turn black. This is why Lugol changes color after treating inflamed areas. Miramistin solution must be diluted for use warm water in a 1:1 ratio. And to use Chlorophyllipt, you need to mix one spoon of solution with a glass of warm water.

And for sore throats, the washing procedure is mandatory. Thanks to this procedure, you can get rid of the resulting purulent plaque and plugs. You can perform rinsing at home. How is this procedure carried out correctly?

Washing the tonsils is a mandatory and effective procedure for sore throat.

The tonsils are represented by lymphoid tissue and trap pathogenic microorganisms that enter through the nose or mouth. Their surface is lined with lacunae. If microbes get inside, they are destroyed by lymphocytes.

If the tonsils cope with their protective function, then their size and shape remain the same. Under unfavorable factors they decrease protective forces body and in the tonsils pathogens are not completely destroyed. Microbes accumulate and pus forms, which, when compacted, forms plugs. As a result, symptoms of intoxication develop due to the release of breakdown products into the blood.

The patient develops, body temperature rises, lymph nodes enlarge, observed constant weakness. Such symptoms often indicate chronic tonsillitis.

In this case, the palatine tonsils should be washed - if the procedure is carried out in a timely manner, removal of the tonsils will be avoided.

Advantages of the method:

1. The procedure for washing the tonsils cleanses the tissues of pathological secretions and promotes tissue regeneration. In addition, not only pathogenic microflora is destroyed, but local immunity is also increased.
2. The advantage of this physiotherapeutic method is its simplicity and accessibility. This safe procedure, in which the tonsils and mucous membrane of the oropharynx are not injured.
3. Washing can be carried out by people of all ages and even during pregnancy. This treatment method is hypoallergenic and does not lead to allergic reactions.

Chronic tonsillitis cannot be completely cured with medications alone. Regular rinsing helps relieve swelling of the larynx, flush out pus and prevent relapses.

Medications for washing tonsils

Used for the procedure antiseptics: Furacilin, alcohol solution Chlorophyllipt, Chlorhexidine, Hexoral, Rotocan, Yoddicerin, Iodinol, etc.

Review of the best gargles:

• . If Furacilin is in tablets, then one tablet is dissolved in 100 ml of water. In addition to Furacilin, you can use saline solution.
• often used to treat sore throat or tonsillitis. This drug is of plant origin, characterized by an antibacterial effect. To rinse, dilute a teaspoon of Chlorophyllipt alcohol solution in 1/2 glass of water.
• is a strong antiseptic intended for external use. To wash the tonsils, it is also diluted in water.
• It is an antiseptic and has an analgesic and deodorizing effect. The active ingredient is hexethidine.
• Yoddicerin also contains molecular iodine. These are bactericidal and antimicrobials, which are active in relation to the majority pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, they destroy microbial flora and promote wound healing.

All medications must be diluted with water before the procedure to avoid allergic reactions.There are practically no contraindications to the sanitizing procedure, but it should be remembered that some drugs have restrictions on their use. When choosing a drug for washing the tonsils, you should consult your doctor.

Folk recipes

Soda-saline solution is the best folk remedy for washing tonsils

To eliminate catarrhal processes in lymphadenoid formations, you can use traditional methods. An excellent antibacterial agent that can be prepared at home is a soda-salt solution.

To prepare it, you need to take a teaspoon of salt and soda, dilute it in a glass of water and add a few drops of iodine. This is one of the most common recipes, since the indicated ingredients are available in every home.

Other equally popular recipes for washing tonsils:

• Apple vinegar. Add a teaspoon of vinegar to warm, non-carbonated water and stir well. Use as directed. Apple cider vinegar can only be used weakly concentrated, since if you take more high concentration, then an irritating effect will be observed.
• Beet juice with apple cider vinegar. Squeeze the beet juice and mix 200 ml of water with a teaspoon of vinegar. You can add 2 drops of juniper essential oil to the solution.
• Decoction of green tea with salt. Brew a tablespoon of loose leaf green tea and add a teaspoon to a glass table salt.
• Garlic solution. Chop 2-3 cloves of garlic and add a glass of warm water. Leave to infuse for 40 minutes. This solution washes out the plugs from the tonsils well.
• Lemon based solution. Pour a few drops of hot water and let it brew. After cooling, wash or rinse.
• Decoctions of medicinal herbs: chamomile, plantain, mallow, etc. have become widely popular for washing the tonsils.
• Herbal collection. Take equal quantities of sage, wormwood herb, and plantain leaves. Brew a dessert spoon of the collection in hot water. Plants can be used individually or prepared as a collection.
• A solution from . Take the leaves of the plant, rinse with water and grind until a paste is obtained. Next, place this mass on cheesecloth and squeeze out the juice.

You can use several methods of washing the tonsils and the procedure should be performed regularly.

While washing the tonsils, you must avoid solid food, as this can injure the tonsils. Before the procedure, be sure to wash your hands with soap.

For the procedure you will need a syringe without a needle and a solution. A special syringe with a cannula attachment can be purchased at the pharmacy. The cannula has a curved tip, thanks to which you can rinse the tonsils even in hard-to-reach places. You can use a regular syringe, but it will be more difficult for them to remove the plugs from the gaps on their own.

Draw the solution into a syringe and gently rinse the tonsils. During therapeutic measure It is prohibited to swallow the solution. It must be spat out, since bacterial plaque is washed off during irrigation.

To reduce the gag reflex before the procedure, you need to suck on an ice cube or eat ice cream. Next, stick out your tongue and slowly apply the solution under pressure.

After the procedure, you need to gargle to remove the medicine, and then treat the tonsils with an antiseptic: Collargol solution or.

If you cannot wash the gaps with a syringe, you can use a cotton pad. You should wash your hands well first.Wrap cotton wool around your finger and soak it in the solution. Next, perform rinsing by lightly pressing on the tonsils. During washing, it is necessary to periodically change the cotton wool with a white coating. The cotton wool should be changed until it is completely clean. The procedure should be performed frequently until the unpleasant symptoms disappear completely.

More information about washing the tonsils can be found in the video:

Sanitation oral cavity should be done after meals. It is not advisable to eat food after the procedure. It should take 1-1.5 hours.It is important to know that you will not be able to get rid of the chronic form of tonsillitis only by rinsing. Treatment must be comprehensive.

At home, you can rinse your tonsils using a special device - an inspirator. The device supplies the solution under high pressure, which allows you to effectively remove purulent plaque on the tonsils. The cost of this device is very high, so it is not very popular. However, people with chronic tonsillitis are recommended to purchase it, since rinsing will be easy and simple.

Their increase and redness. Sometimes the recesses of the tonsils, called lacunae, fill with pus. In the chronic form, the need for antibiotics and other treatment methods is recognized. These include washing the lacunae of the tonsils - medical procedure, which consists in removing the bacterial flora present in the lymphoid tissue. Let's consider why it is needed and how it is carried out.

What are tonsils needed for?

Often, ENT specialists prescribe vacuum lavage of tonsil lacunae to their patients. Essentially, the tonsils are a collection of lymphatic tissue that performs an immune function. But their structure has such a feature that it creates the most favorable conditions for the stuckness of food particles and desquamated epithelial cells. In turn, this is an environment for the accumulation and reproduction of bacteria, especially staphylococcus and streptococcus. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the tonsils periodically and in a timely manner so as not to contribute to the prosperity of the infection. This is why the lacunae are washed.

Benefits of the procedure

1. The most important property of the method is efficiency. There are clinically proven results of such therapy. Rinsing the lacunae of the tonsils allows you to reduce even the most persistent disease to a state of long-term remission.
2. The second is the safety of the method. When washing, no injury to the mucous membrane or damage to the tonsils can occur.
3. The absence of allergic reactions is another important advantage of the procedure, which cannot be said about the systemic use of antibiotics.
4. The affordable price of such a procedure as washing the lacunae of the palatine tonsils allows for a course of treatment.
5. Timely cleansing of the tonsils is not so susceptible to the risk of exacerbation of the disease, which means that the likelihood of undergoing a surgical operation - tonsillectomy - is reduced.
6. Not a large number of contraindications, as well as the absence of an age limit, make washing the lacunae of the tonsils a popular procedure.

Contraindications

Among these are the following pathologies and conditions of the body:

• acute infectious disease;
• hypertension;
• oncological pathologies;
• active tuberculosis;
• ANS disorder;
• atherosclerosis;
• eyes;
• early and late pregnancy.

In the case of pregnant patients, only the ultrasound method is contraindicated.

Hardware washing methods

Vacuum washing of tonsil lacunae with “Tonsilor”, a special apparatus, is a multifunctional procedure during which the tonsils are simultaneously washed and cleaned. The pressure gradient created by the vacuum removes the contents of the lacunae, and the antiseptic helps destroy the bacterial flora.

The advantages of the method include:

• effective cleansing of the tonsils not only superficially, but also with penetration deep inside;
• there is no need to use additional tools, all manipulations are performed with one nozzle;
• after course treatment Tonsillitis goes into remission.

Despite all this, there are also disadvantages:

• treatment cannot be carried out at home, as it requires the help of a specialist;
• contraindications in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, the entire period of which is characterized by an increased risk of exacerbation of tonsillitis due to reduced immunity.

Deep ultrasonic rinsing of the tonsils in combination with vacuum. Physiotherapeutic devices for such procedures generate ultrasound with a frequency of 26.5 kHz, provocative effect cavitation (formation of gas bubbles with their subsequent bursting). It is characterized by the ability to destroy bacteria and liquefy the contents of lacunae, after which they are easy to clean.

The undoubted advantages include:

• a combination of deep cleansing with ultrasonic injection of drugs, which promotes sanitation and healing of areas of inflammation;
• bacteria die and are removed along with the contents of the lacunae, which served as a place of reproduction and nutrition for them;
• All manipulations are carried out on the same device.

The only drawback of the procedure is the presence of contraindications for pregnant women.

Preparations for rinsing

Rinsing the lacunae of the tonsils can be carried out using any antiseptic solution suitable for the mucous membrane. Basic requirements for it:

• no toxicity;
• avoiding chemical burns of the mucous membrane and tonsils;
• Availability wide range antiseptic effect, i.e. bactericidal effect against the main pathogens of tonsillitis: staphylococci and streptococci, as well as viruses and fungi, so that after sanitation of the pharynx the biocenosis of the flora is not disturbed;
• comfortable temperature of the solution, which does not cause thermal burns and does not provoke a drop in local immunity;
• absence of allergic components.

The most commonly used antiseptic solution is Furacilin solution. The drug "Miramistin" is suitable for the same purposes - the "Chlorhexidine" solution is popular and affordable, and hydrocortisone ointment is used for phonophoresis.

How often should you wash your tonsils?

The procedure should be carried out as needed, for example, during exacerbations of tonsillitis. Also, if there are symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, bad breath, it is advisable to periodically rinse the lacunae of the tonsils. Reviews from many patients about the results of treatment are positive; you just need to choose a competent ENT doctor who will tell you whether physiotherapy is necessary at the moment and whether it can be combined with antibiotics.

Cost of treatment

Since the main purpose of washing the tonsils is to destroy the infection and remission chronic tonsillitis, a one-time manipulation is not enough here. Even if the procedure is carried out in the most thorough manner, it must be remembered that the process of formation of bacterial flora is continuous. In addition, the dying ones serve as a medium for their stay and reproduction. Plus the dead bodies of white blood cells that fought against the infection, and food particles stuck in the plugs of the tonsils.

All this leads to inflammation, bad breath and other consequences. Even if you do not have chronic tonsillitis, you may want to rinse your tonsils for hygiene reasons.

All of the above factors indicate that treatment should be a course and include from five to ten procedures such as washing the lacunae of the tonsils. The price of a single manipulation depends on the place where it is performed, medications and equipment. Usually this amount does not exceed 1,000 rubles, which means the entire course will cost 5,000-10,000 rubles.

Finally

With chronic tonsillitis, it is important not to start the inflammation process, because this can lead to other consequences and complications on internal organs and joints. It is necessary to consult a doctor in a timely manner, who will prescribe treatment, select the required number of rinses of the tonsils and the drugs used for them. The clinic chosen for these purposes and its equipment also play an important role. necessary materials and tools.

Pus plugs in the throat are accumulations of pus that form in the palatine tonsils (tonsils). The presence of purulent plugs may indicate untreated acute tonsillitis ( sore throat, acute inflammation of the tonsils), but is more often a symptom of chronic tonsillitis. The accumulation of pus and the development of the inflammatory process causes a sore throat, leads to bad breath and a number of other symptoms. If left untreated, the disease often worsens ( 3 – 4 times a year), which can lead to the spread of infection throughout the body and the development of a number of serious complications.

Chronic tonsillitis is a fairly common disease - it occurs in 4 - 7% of the adult population and in 12 - 15% of children. The probability of the occurrence of purulent plugs varies widely and is determined by many factors - such as the treatment performed and its effectiveness, the state of the body’s immune system, and so on. It is worth noting that the formation of purulent plugs in the tonsils is one of the late symptoms of tonsillitis, which indicates the ineffectiveness and/or inadequacy of previous treatment.

Interesting Facts

• The size of the plugs in the tonsils can vary widely, reaching a diameter of more than 1 cm and a weight of more than 40 grams.
• Traffic jams can form only in the palatine tonsils, which is due to the peculiarities of their structure ( the presence of special slit-like spaces penetrating the substance of the tonsils).
• After removal of the tonsils, purulent plugs in the throat will never form again.

Structure of the tonsils

Functions of the immune system

The cells of the immune system are:

• Lymphocytes. T and B lymphocytes regulate the activity of all other cells of the immune system, and are also directly involved in protecting the body from infection. When foreign agents enter the body, B lymphocytes begin to produce specific antibodies - special substances that bind to bacterial particles and destroy them. T lymphocytes take part in regulating the strength and severity of the immune response.
• Neutrophils. These cells are directly involved in the neutralization of foreign bacteria. If they enter the body, neutrophils accumulate around them in large quantities and absorb small bacterial particles or their toxins, preventing further spread of infection. When a neutrophil is destroyed, biologically active substances are released into the surrounding tissues, which also have an antibacterial effect. Dead neutrophils, destroyed microorganisms and cells damaged by inflammation own body form a grayish or yellowish mass known as pus.
• Monocytes. These cells are located in peripheral blood, and in body tissues. The function of monocytes is similar to that of neutrophils.
• Eosinophils. They participate in allergic reactions, as well as in maintaining the inflammatory process. Eosinophils are capable of absorbing small bacterial particles.

• Red bone marrow. Located in the cavities of the bones of the body. Bone marrow produces all blood cells, including white blood cells.
• Thymus ( thymus). It is where T-lymphocytes grow and develop.
• Spleen. Participates in the removal of “old” blood cells, and also produces monocytes and lymphocytes.
• The lymph nodes. Located along the blood and lymphatic vessels and represent a cluster of lymphoid cells ( predominantly B lymphocytes). Their protective function is carried out by filtering lymph, a special fluid formed in almost all organs and tissues. If the lymph flowing from a certain organ contains bacteria or other microorganisms, they are retained and destroyed in the lymph nodes, thereby preventing the spread of infection throughout the body.
• Lymphatic accumulations of the intestine. They are small accumulations of lymphoid tissue located on the inner surface of the intestinal walls and perform a protective function.
• Tonsils. Tonsils are collections of lymphoid cells located in the oral cavity around the entrance to the pharynx. Their main function is to prevent infectious agents from entering the human body through inhaled air or ingested food. In addition to the palatine tonsils, there are lingual, pharyngeal and tubal tonsils.

Structure and functions of the palatine tonsils

The palatine tonsil is a collection of lymphoid cells surrounded by an epithelial capsule ( epithelium - mucous membrane lining the surfaces of various organs, including the oral cavity). The entire surface of the tonsils is penetrated by 15–20 branched slits ( crypts, lacunae), which penetrate far into the organ. In the area of ​​the lacunae, the epithelium becomes significantly thinner or completely absent, as a result of which immune cells easily come to the surface of the tonsils.

The formation of lymphocytes in the palatine tonsils occurs in the so-called follicles ( growth centers), the concentration of which is maximum in the area of ​​lacunae. When foreign microorganisms or toxins penetrate the oral cavity, they come into contact with lymphocytes located in the lacunae, triggering the process of activation of immune reactions. B lymphocytes begin to produce specific antibodies that destroy the foreign antigen, while certain types of cells ( neutrophils, monocytes) actively absorb bacterial fragments, also participating in the cleansing of lacunae from infection. Thus, the first contact of a foreign infectious agent with the human immune system occurs. Information about the infection is “transmitted” to other organs of the immune system, promoting the formation of antimicrobial antibodies throughout the body.

Why do purulent plugs form in the tonsils ( tonsils)?

All the described phenomena lead to disruption of the process of cleansing lacunae. Dead bacteria, white blood cells and desquamated epithelium accumulate in them, resulting in the formation of pus. If untreated, the purulent process can go deep into the tonsils and cause their destruction, but in most cases it is pronounced clinical picture disease forces the patient to see a doctor and start specific treatment.

Transition acute process in chronic it occurs as a result of the action of many factors. The main one is the long-term presence of infection in the tonsils. In this case, the inflammatory process does not subside completely; some microbes are constantly in the lacunae, stimulating the release of a larger number of leukocytes. Absent or weak expression clinical manifestations contributes to the long-term latent course of the disease. Released leukocytes and desquamated epithelial cells surround bacterial particles, resulting in the formation of purulent plugs. Over time, salts of various substances may be deposited in them ( calcium, magnesium and others), which leads to hardening of the plugs.

The appearance of plugs in the tonsils is promoted by:

• Chronic inflammatory diseases of the nose. Chronic infectious inflammation of the paranasal sinuses ( sinusitis, sinusitis, etc.) leads to the fact that a certain part of the bacteria is constantly secreted into the pharynx and ends up in the tonsils.
• Poor oral hygiene. Harmless microorganisms are constantly present in the oral cavity. They can be activated when the body's defenses decrease, which will help maintain the inflammatory process. In addition, after eating, microparticles of food remain in the oral cavity, which can also penetrate into the lacunae of the tonsils and participate in the formation of plugs.
• Decrease in the body's defenses. Weakening of the immune system can contribute to the activation of the normal microflora of the oral cavity, and also leads to incomplete destruction of the infection in acute tonsillitis, which contributes to the development of a chronic process.
• Nutritional factor. Monotonous protein foods, as well as a deficiency in the diet of vitamin C and B vitamins, reduce local and general protective properties, promoting the development of inflammatory processes in the tonsils.
• Tonsil injury. Injury to the tonsils ( for example, a fork or other objects) may be accompanied by infection. In addition, the wound channel can become a suitable place for the formation of a purulent plug.

Symptoms and signs of purulent plugs in the throat

Symptoms of chronic tonsillitis

Chronic inflammation of the tonsils may be indicated by:

• Frequent sore throats. Inflammation of the tonsils in itself is not evidence of chronic tonsillitis, but if a person suffers from tonsillitis 2-3 times a year or more often, this is one of the important symptoms of a chronic inflammatory process. It is worth noting that in some cases, as a result of prolonged contact of the body’s immune system with infectious agents, its functional restructuring occurs. As a result of this exacerbation, the disease may be absent, but this does not exclude the diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis.
• Inflammation of the palatine arches. The palatine arches can be affected as a result of the spread of the inflammatory process from the tonsils. This is manifested by their redness and swelling, which can be detected by the doctor or the patient himself when examining the throat in the mirror.
• Formation of adhesions. One of the manifestations of the chronic inflammatory process is the formation of adhesions between the tonsils and neighboring organs ( most often between the anterior palatine arches). This is due to the fact that fibrin, one of the blood plasma proteins, is released at the site of inflammation. Initially, a thin fibrin coating forms on the tonsils and arches, which subsequently turns into a dense connective tissue, “gluing” the tonsils and arches together.
• Increase lymph nodes. As mentioned earlier, lymph nodes are a kind of filters that prevent the spread of infection from the source of inflammation. Lymph flows from the palatine tonsils to the cervical lymph nodes. If an infection is introduced into them with the flow of lymph, this can lead to their inflammation ( lymphadenitis), manifested by enlarged lymph nodes, pain, redness and swelling of the skin in the area where they are located.
• Increased body temperature. Typically, an increase in body temperature occurs during an exacerbation of the disease, but in some cases the temperature is 37 - 37.5ºC for a long time ( days of the week) may indicate the presence of a chronic inflammatory process.
• Deterioration of general condition. Despite the absence of obvious clinical manifestations, chronic tonsillitis is always accompanied by a restructuring of the immune system and disruption of metabolic processes in the body. This is manifested by decreased performance, general weakness and fatigue.
• Laboratory test data. Outside of an exacerbation of tonsillitis, a general blood test may not differ from normal. Changes such as an increase in the total leukocyte count of more than 9.0 x 10 9 / L and an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( red blood cells) more than 10 mm per hour in men and more than 15 mm per hour in women. These signs indicate the presence of infection in the body and the presence of an inflammatory process. Other data are nonspecific and are not of value in diagnosis.

Signs of tonsil blockages

The presence of plugs in the tonsils may be indicated by:

• Sensation of a foreign body in the throat. Located in the thickness of the tonsil, the plugs irritate the nerve endings of the mucous membrane, as a result of which a person may feel a foreign body in the throat. Such sensations can be determined on one or both sides ( depending on the location of the traffic jams). Sometimes this can trigger attacks of dry skin ( without sputum separation) cough that does not bring relief.
• Difficulty and pain when swallowing. The release of biologically active substances at the site of inflammation leads to increased sensitivity nerve endings in the mucous membrane of the pharynx, which can manifest as pain during eating. Sometimes the plugs can be quite large, as a result of which they can create a mechanical obstacle to the ingested food. In addition, a long-term progressive inflammatory process can lead to hypertrophy ( increase in size) tonsils, which will also make it difficult for food to pass through.
• Bad breath. As mentioned earlier, traffic jams can be caused by bacteria, pathogenic fungi and other microorganisms. Some of them, in the course of their life activity, produce sulfur compounds (for example, hydrogen sulfide), which cause the appearance of a specific odor. An important fact is that using conventional methods ( brushing teeth, using refreshing chewing gum, etc.) the smell cannot be eliminated.
• Identification of traffic jams during inspection. Sometimes plugs can be detected during a routine examination of the throat. They are formations of various sizes ( from a few millimeters to centimeters) and different colors ( white, yellowish or gray). In some cases, to identify them, you can resort to pressing on the tonsil or anterior palatine arch ( tongue, cotton swab or medical spatula), and one or more plugs will appear on the surface of the tonsil.

Is it possible to remove purulent plugs at home?

At home, tonsil plugs can be removed:

• using language;
• using a cotton swab;
• by washing the tonsils.

Squeezing out plugs with the tongue

The described method is ineffective, but sometimes it allows you to get rid of small plugs located on the surface of the tonsils for a while. The main advantages of the method are simplicity and safety ( it is almost impossible to injure the tonsils with the tongue).

Removing tonsil plugs using a cotton swab

Preparation for the procedure
The procedure should be performed at least 1 – 2 hours after eating ( After eating, the number of bacteria in the mouth increases). Before starting, you need to thoroughly wash your hands several times with soap and dry them with dry wipes. It is also recommended to brush your teeth and rinse your mouth with a mild saline solution ( 1 – 2 teaspoons of salt per glass of warm boiled water), which will significantly reduce the risk of tonsil infection.

Execution technique
The procedure is carried out in front of a mirror in good lighting. After completing all the preparations with one hand ( left, if you plan to remove plugs from the left tonsil and right, if plugs are located in the right tonsil) the edge of the cheek is pulled back, after which pressure is applied to the anterior palatal arch with a sterile cotton swab ( directly behind which is the palatine tonsil) or on the amygdala itself. You need to apply pressure to the base of the tonsil, after which you should move the tampon to its apex, trying to squeeze the plug out of the lacuna. If successful, the plug will appear on the surface of the tonsil. If it does not fall off on its own, you can lightly pry it off with a cotton swab.

It is important to remember that the formation of plugs is always accompanied by a chronic inflammatory process in the tonsils. At the site of inflammation, the blood vessels are dilated, and the strength of their walls is reduced. During the procedure described, the tonsil tissue can easily be injured, which may result in bleeding. To prevent this, you should avoid putting too much pressure on the tonsil and sudden movements during the procedure. Also, do not try to tear off or pick out the cork using any sharp objects ( This is not only ineffective, but also extremely dangerous).

If, when trying to remove the plug using the described methods, the patient feels severe pain, and also if after 2-3 attempts it is not possible to squeeze out the plug, it is recommended to stop trying and seek help from a specialist.

Removing plugs using tonsil rinsing

To wash the tonsils at home, you can use:

• Saline solution – 1 teaspoon of salt dissolves in 100 ml of warm ( not hot) boiled water.
• Soda solution - 1 – 2 teaspoons of soda are dissolved in 100 ml of warm boiled water.
• Aqueous solution of furatsilin - 1 tablet of furatsilin ( 20 mg) is crushed and completely dissolved in 100 ml of hot boiled water.
• Iodinol – a complex preparation containing iodine and alcohol.

Execution technique
The procedure is performed no earlier than an hour after the last meal. Before rinsing, you must wash your hands thoroughly. Into a sterile syringe ( without needle) you need to collect a few milliliters of solution. After this, you should tilt your head back, bring the syringe to the tonsil and press the piston so that the solution irrigates the entire surface of the tonsil, front and back. palatine arches. A few seconds after irrigation, the solution is spat out and the procedure is repeated 2–3 times.

It is very important that the tip of the syringe does not touch the tonsil, as this can cause bleeding. If difficulties arise, you can ask someone to help perform the procedure, which will reduce the risk of injury.

When is it necessary to contact an ENT doctor to remove purulent plugs?

• With large purulent plugs in one or both tonsils. As a rule, plugs with a diameter of more than 1 cm indicate the accumulation of pus in several lacunae at the same time. The likelihood of damage to the tonsil during the removal of such plugs is extremely high, so this procedure should only be performed by a specialist in a specially equipped room, where, in the event of complications, it can be provided urgent help.
• If it is impossible to remove traffic jams at home. If none of the methods described above for removing plugs has yielded positive results, you should also consult a doctor, since in this case there is a high probability of the purulent process penetrating deep into the lacunae and into the tissue of the tonsils, which can lead to the spread of infection throughout the body.
• In case of relapse ( reappearance of purulent plugs after their removal). Recurrences of purulent plugs indicate that there is a hidden source of infection in the patient’s body, which leads to the re-development of the disease. In this case, simply removing the plugs is ineffective and requires qualified medicinal or surgery.
• With pronounced systemic manifestations of infection. Signs such as increased body temperature above 38ºC, chills, cold sweat, general weakness, and so on indicate that the infection from the source of inflammation has entered the blood. In this case, removing tonsils at home can only worsen the course of the disease, so you should definitely consult a specialist.

What can a patient expect at an appointment with an ENT doctor?

The doctor may be interested in:

• When did purulent plugs first appear?
• Has the patient tried to remove them himself?
• How long has the patient been suffering from chronic tonsillitis?
• How often does the disease worsen?
• Has the patient received any treatment? Was it effective?

• Examination of the pharynx, tonsils and palatine arches. The examination is carried out using a special medical spatula, with which the doctor can lightly press on the palatine tonsils. The bright red color of the mucous membrane indicates the presence of an inflammatory process, and the identification of white or yellowish purulent plugs is a reliable confirmation of the diagnosis.
• Examination of cervical lymph nodes. In case of spread of infection from the tonsils cervical lymph nodes may be enlarged and painful.

• General blood analysis. Performed to identify signs of inflammation in the body.
• Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. Purpose this study is to identify pathogenic microorganisms that could cause the formation of purulent plugs. To obtain the material, a sterile cotton swab is passed several times along the mucous membrane of the tonsils and back wall throats. The resulting material is sent to the laboratory, where all types of microorganisms present in the patient’s oral cavity are determined, and an antibiogram is performed - special study, which determines the sensitivity of specific bacteria to certain antibiotics.

To remove purulent plugs from the tonsils, use:

• washing the lacunae of the tonsils;
• physiotherapy procedures;
• sealing tonsil lacunae with laser ( laser cryptolysis of palatine tonsil lacunae);
• removal of palatine tonsils.

Washing the lacunae of the tonsils

To wash lacunae the following is used:

• syringe with a special tip;
• vacuum method.

Rinsing tonsil lacunae with a syringe
The essence of this method is to inject an antiseptic solution directly into lacunae filled with pus and purulent plugs. For this purpose, a sterile syringe is used, to which a thin curved cannula is attached instead of a needle. It is injected one by one into the lacunae of the tonsils, after which an antiseptic injected under pressure washes out the purulent contents. Since the lacunae of the tonsils are interconnected, there is no need to rinse each of them separately - it is enough to pump the antiseptic solution into 2 - 3 of the largest of them. The course of treatment is 10–15 washes, performed every other day.

Vacuum rinsing of tonsil lacunae
At the beginning of the procedure, the surface of the tonsil mucosa is treated with a local anesthetic ( usually this is a lidocaine solution), after which a special cup is installed above the tonsil, tightly adjacent to its surface. By using vacuum apparatus and a hose system creates negative pressure over the surface of the tonsil, as a result of which purulent contents are removed from the lacunae. After cleansing, a special antiseptic solution is injected into the gaps, which prevents the accumulation of bacteria and the formation of new plugs. The course of treatment also consists of 10 – 15 procedures performed every other day.

Physiotherapeutic procedures

If there are purulent plugs in the tonsils, the following is used:

• Ultraviolet irradiation. The effectiveness of this method is due to its bactericidal ( destroys bacteria) action ultraviolet rays. The course of treatment consists of 10–15 procedures, during which targeted irradiation of the tonsils is performed. This helps to subside the inflammatory process in the tissues, prevents further increase in purulent plugs and improves the protective properties of the tonsils.
• Laser irradiation. Laser irradiation has a pronounced antimicrobial effect and also improves blood and lymph circulation in the area of ​​inflammation. The procedure itself is absolutely painless and lasts no more than 5 minutes ( 2 – 2.5 minutes of irradiation for each tonsil). The course of treatment is 5–6 procedures.
• Ultrasonic aerosols. The principle of this method is based on the introduction of medicinal substances deep into the lacunae of the tonsils using an ultrasound device. This allows medications to be delivered to the most inaccessible places, which significantly increases the efficiency of their use. WITH therapeutic purpose Dioxidine is used ( as a 1% solution), hydrocortisone ( hormonal anti-inflammatory drug) and other antibacterial drugs.

Laser sealing of tonsil gaps

A radical method of treating purulent plugs in the tonsils is tonsil removal. TO this method resorted only if there are certain indications, since the palatine tonsils normally play an important role in the formation of immunity. However, in the case of severe purulent-inflammatory changes, the tonsils may completely lose their physiological function, being only a constant source of infection in the body - then the most reasonable solution would be to remove them.

To remove palatine tonsils the following is used:

• surgery;
• cryodestruction ( destruction of tonsils by cold);
• laser radiation.

Surgical removal of tonsils

In the operating room, the patient takes a sitting position, the oral mucosa is irrigated with a local anesthetic ( for example, 10% lidocaine solution). Then several injections with a local anesthetic are made into the tonsil tissue, as a result of which the patient completely loses pain sensitivity in the operation area. After this, both tonsils are removed using a scalpel and a special wire.

On the first day after surgery, the patient is prohibited from eating and talking. Over the next 3 - 5 days, it is recommended to take only liquid food (porridges, broths and so on), and after 2 weeks you can switch to a regular diet. Such patients are discharged from the hospital 4–6 days after surgery ( in the absence of complications).

Cryodestruction of the palatine tonsils

Cryodestruction can be performed in the treatment room of the clinic. First, the oral mucosa is irrigated with lidocaine spray, after which a cooled solution is applied to the tonsil area for 30–60 seconds. liquid nitrogen working part of a special device ( cryodestructor), the temperature of which is 40 – 80ºС. Impact low temperatures leads to the death of all pathogenic microorganisms, as well as necrosis ( death) tissue of the tonsil itself.

Immediately after the procedure, the patient can go home, but over the next 3 to 5 days he may experience pain in the cryodestruction area.

A patient who has undergone cryodestruction of the tonsils is recommended to:

• Avoid rough, cold or hot foods for 1 week.
• Rinse your mouth with saline solution 3-4 times a day ( or other antiseptic).
• Avoid traumatizing the postoperative wound area ( for example, fingers, cutlery and other objects).

Removing tonsils using laser

The principle of the method is to cut the tonsil tissue using a laser, which is a light source with the same wavelength. In addition to dissection of living tissue, coagulation occurs in the area of ​​laser exposure ( clotting) blood, as a result of which the blood vessels are clogged almost instantly, and bleeding does not occur.

The procedure itself is quite simple and can be performed in a special clinic room. After anesthetizing the oral mucosa with lidocaine spray ( or other anesthetic) the edge of the tonsil is grabbed with tweezers, and a laser beam, like a scalpel, “cuts off” the tonsil from the underlying tissues. The duration of the entire procedure does not exceed 30 minutes, after which the patient can go home. Precautionary measures in the postoperative period are the same as in the case of cryodestruction of the tonsils.

Possible complications of purulent plugs on the tonsils

Purulent plugs in the tonsils can be complicated by:

• Peritonsillar abscess. This complication is characterized by the spread of infection from the tonsils to the surrounding tissue and the development of an acute inflammatory process in it. As a result of the activity of the immune system, the source of infection can be surrounded by leukocytes, which form a kind of capsule around it, the cavity of which is filled with destroyed bacteria and dead leukocytes ( that is, pus). During the formation process, an abscess can put pressure on neighboring tissues, as a result of which the patient will complain of pain and a feeling of a foreign body in the throat, difficulty swallowing food, and so on. Systemic manifestations of intoxication will also occur ( increased body temperature above 38ºС, chills, heavy sweating, etc.).
• Phlegmon of the neck. This term refers to an extensive infectious and inflammatory lesion of the tissue of the neck, which does not have clear boundaries. The reason for the development of this complication may be particularly dangerous microorganisms or a decrease in the activity of the patient’s immune system. Clinically, phlegmon of the neck appears sharp increase body temperature ( up to 40ºС and more), general weakness, severe pain in the affected area. In the absence of urgent treatment purulent infection can penetrate blood vessels and cause inflammation and blockage. Spread of infection through blood can lead to purulent lesion distant organs, the development of sepsis and other infectious complications.
• Cicatricial degeneration of the palatine tonsils. Long-term progression of the inflammatory process can lead to the replacement of normal lymphoid tissue of the tonsils with connective tissue ( cicatricial) cloth. This is due to the fact that at the site of inflammation, special cells accumulate and are activated - fibroblasts, which participate in the formation of collagen and elastic fibers ( these fibers are the main components of scar tissue).
• Sepsis. This is an extremely serious complication that occurs as a result of a large number of pyogenic bacteria and their toxins entering the blood. Sepsis can be provoked by unskilled removal of purulent plugs from the tonsils, during which some microorganisms can enter the systemic bloodstream through damaged blood vessels. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition for the patient and requires urgent hospitalization and intensive treatment.
• Kidney damage. Inflammation and damage to the filtration apparatus of the kidneys can occur both as a result of direct exposure to pathogenic microorganisms and their toxins entering the bloodstream from the source of infection, and as a result of disruption of the immune system. With a long course of the disease, the patient’s body begins to produce a large number of antimicrobial antibodies, which, in addition to destroying bacteria, can also damage normal cells of some organs. When the integrity of the kidney filter is compromised, blood proteins and other substances begin to be released from the human body in urine. In addition, disruption of the blood supply to the renal tissue leads to the activation of a number of compensatory reactions, which ultimately manifests itself in an increase in systemic blood pressure. The connection between kidney damage and chronic inflammation in the tonsils is confirmed by the fact that after surgical removal of them, renal function can be completely restored ( if no irreversible anatomical changes have occurred).
• Damage to joints. Antimicrobial antibodies circulating in the blood for a long time can damage the articular surfaces of bones and other components of the joints. This is manifested by inflammation, swelling and pain during movement. More are affected initially large joints (knee, elbow), however, if specific treatment is not started, the disease can affect all joints of the body.
• Damage to the heart. Both direct pathogenic microorganisms and their toxins and antimicrobial antibodies have a damaging effect on the heart muscle. The most common manifestations of heart damage in chronic tonsillitis are cardiac arrhythmias ( disturbances in heart rate and rhythm), inflammation of the myocardium ( heart muscle), pericardium ( cardiac sac) and endocardium ( inner lining of the heart).

Prevention of the formation of purulent plugs on the tonsils

To prevent the formation of plugs in the tonsils, it is recommended:

• Maintain personal hygiene. Brushing your teeth 2 times a day prevents the development of pathogenic microorganisms and at the same time does not have an adverse effect on your teeth. normal microflora oral cavity.
• Timely and complete treatment of sore throat. Adequate treatment with antibiotics, strict adherence to bed rest and gargling with antiseptic solutions throughout the entire period of treatment will ensure cleansing of the tonsils from pathogenic microorganisms and accumulations of pus, thereby reducing the likelihood of congestion and reducing the risk of the acute process becoming chronic.
• Take enough liquid. Drink plenty of water ( at least 2 liters of liquid per knock) during an exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis helps cleanse the tonsils of purulent contents, and also prevents the development of intoxication of the body.
• Treat infectious diseases of the oral cavity in a timely manner. Dental caries is a constant source of pathogenic microorganisms. Its elimination is a mandatory point in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis. Gingivitis ( inflammation of the gums) and stomatitis ( inflammation of the oral mucosa) can also be sources of pathogenic microorganisms and contribute to the formation of purulent plugs.
• Treat infectious diseases of the nose. As mentioned earlier, migration of infection from the paranasal sinuses can cause the development of chronic tonsillitis. Timely and adequate treatment of these diseases significantly reduces the risk of plugs forming in the tonsils.
• Prevent hypothermia. Hypothermia leads to a decrease in the body's local defenses, which can contribute to the activation of infection and the development of sore throat. Patients with chronic tonsillitis are advised to be especially careful during the cold season and not take cold drinks and foods ( for example, ice cream) in large quantities.
• If necessary, promptly remove the tonsils. This procedure can also be classified as a preventive measure. Of course, you shouldn’t remove your tonsils just like that, but in case of frequent relapses ( repeated exacerbations) sore throat radical removal palatine tonsils will once and for all eliminate the risk of purulent plugs.

Are tonsil plugs dangerous during pregnancy?

Pus plugs form as a result of chronic tonsillitis ( long-term progressive infectious-inflammatory process in the palatine tonsils). It is worth noting that the appearance of purulent plugs in the tonsils occurs only if the body’s immune system cannot independently overcome the infection. Prolonged contact of infectious agents with the immune system further weakens it, which contributes to the progression of the disease.

An important fact is that during pregnancy there is a physiological suppression of the activity of the female immune system. This happens so that the mother’s body does not begin to reject the fetus developing in it. Under normal conditions, this has virtually no effect on the general condition of the woman, however, in the presence of a chronic focus of infection in the body, further weakening of the immune system can lead to more intensive growth and reproduction of bacteria located in purulent plugs and crypts ( slit-like spaces penetrating deep into the tonsils).

Activation and spread of bacterial flora can provoke:

• Purulent damage to adjacent tissues. Complications such as peritonsillar abscess ( the formation of a limited purulent focus in the tissue surrounding the tonsils) or cellulitis of the neck ( that is, an unlimited, widespread purulent process in the tissue of the neck) may be the first manifestations of reduced immunity in a pregnant woman. The danger of these diseases lies in the possibility of pyogenic bacteria penetrating into the blood and spreading throughout the body.
• Sepsis. Sepsis is a pathological condition in which bacterial flora from the source of infection penetrates the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body. By settling in various tissues and organs, bacteria can form secondary lesions infection, which further aggravates the course of the disease. Conducted for therapeutic purposes antibacterial therapy is often ineffective, and some of the prescribed antibiotics can cross the placental barrier and harm the fetus.
• Fetal infection. Under normal conditions, the placental barrier is impenetrable to bacteria, but if its integrity is damaged ( for example, due to thrombosis of placental vessels during sepsis) bacteria and their toxins can enter the bloodstream of the fetus, which often ends in its death.
• Infection of a child during or after childbirth. The infectious process may not manifest itself during pregnancy, but after birth the newborn may become infected. Under normal conditions, the child receives immune bodies from the mother, so for the first six months of life he is protected from most infectious agents. However, given the fact that the immune system of a pregnant woman with chronic tonsillitis is significantly weakened, it becomes clear that the risk of infection of the newborn is quite high.

Undoubtedly ideal option is to identify and treat all chronic infections before pregnancy. However, if this was not possible, a number of rules should be followed that will help slow down the progression of the disease before the birth of the child.

To prevent exacerbation of the disease during pregnancy, it is recommended:

• Maintain personal hygiene. Regular brushing of teeth, washing hands and eating raw foods will help prevent the development of tonsil infections.
• Gargle with antiseptic solutions. For this purpose, ordinary saline solution can be used ( at the rate of 1 tablespoon of table salt per 100 ml of boiled water), solution of soda, furatsilin and so on. Regular rinsing ( at least 3 times a day) will prevent the accumulation of infection in the crypts of the tonsils and the exacerbation of the disease.
• Avoid overcooling the tonsils. During pregnancy, you should completely avoid cold drinks, cold and rough food. During the cool season, it is not recommended to stay outside for a long time, and if necessary, protect the upper respiratory tract ( for example, using a scarf).
• If possible, avoid contact with people suffering from infectious diseases upper respiratory tract.

Are antibiotics used for purulent plugs in the throat?

The palatine tonsils are one of the organs of the immune system that protects the body from pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Their structure is such that inside the tonsil tissue there are special slit-like spaces ( crypts), into which leukocytes are secreted ( immune system cells).

Under normal conditions, various infectious agents ( normal bacteria that are constantly present in the oral cavity or other pathogenic microorganisms) constantly penetrate into the tissue of the tonsils. However, thanks to the activity of the immune system, they are immediately destroyed and released into the oral cavity. Chronic tonsillitis is characterized by a disruption in the process of self-cleaning of the tonsils, as a result of which bacteria and leukocytes can accumulate and get stuck in the crypts, turning into a source of infection.

Over time, calcium salts and other minerals are deposited in the formed purulent plug, which leads to its compaction and even more dense clogging of the crypt lumen. This explains the ineffectiveness of topical application antibacterial drugs- they will destroy only superficially located bacteria, but will not be able to penetrate deep into dense plugs. Antiseptic solutions used for washing tonsils ( substances that prevent the development of bacteria at the site of infection) - such as saline solution, furatsilin solution, Lugol's solution also cannot penetrate deep into the plugs, however, they are devoid of a number of side effects inherent in antibiotics, so their use in this situation is preferable.

To treat chronic tonsillitis, antibiotics can be prescribed both during exacerbation of the disease and during remission ( partial subsidence of the inflammatory process). The goal of antibiotic therapy in this case is to destroy the infection deep in the crypts, as well as to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria throughout the body.

Antibiotics are prescribed first broad action– such as augmentin, ceftriaxone, doxycycline. At the same time, material is taken from the mucous surface of the tonsils in order to identify the specific causative agent of the infection and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics. After receiving the test results, those drugs that are most effective against a specific pathogen are prescribed. The duration of antibiotic use is determined by the effectiveness of the treatment, but for chronic tonsillitis it is usually at least several weeks.

How to gargle for tonsil congestion?

To treat or prevent the appearance of purulent plugs, it is recommended to gargle:

• Salt solution. In 1 glass of warm boiled water you need to dissolve 20 grams ( about 2 teaspoons) table salt. Rinse daily 3 – 5 times a day.
• Sea water. It can be purchased at a pharmacy. It must be used daily 3-4 times a day, at least an hour after meals.
• Soda solution. Dissolve 1 dessert spoon of soda in 1 glass of warm boiled water. You should gargle 2-3 times a day.
• Malavit. This drug can be purchased at a pharmacy. It has an analgesic and anti-edematous effect, which helps remove purulent plugs from the tonsils. To prepare the solution, you need to dissolve 3–5 drops of the drug in 100 ml of water and gargle 2–3 times a day.
• Furacilin solution. For gargling, 2 tablets of furatsilin ( 20 mg each) must be dissolved in 1 glass ( 200 ml) hot water (better in boiling water), then cool to body temperature and gargle twice a day, every other day.
• Infusion of medicinal chamomile flowers. Medicinal chamomile has anti-inflammatory, wound healing and mild analgesic effects. To prepare a decoction, add 4 tablespoons of crushed chamomile flowers to 600 milliliters of hot water and leave for an hour. Gargle 2 – 3 times a day. Before use, the infusion must be warmed to body temperature.
• Infusion of sage. Sage also has anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects. To prepare the infusion, you need to pour 1 full teaspoon of chopped herbs into 200 milliliters of hot water and leave for an hour. It is recommended to gargle every 4 hours every other day.

Is the treatment of purulent plugs in the throat effective with folk remedies?

To treat purulent plugs in the throat, the following is used:

• Propolis. It has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, and also anesthetizes the oral mucosa when chewed. For chronic tonsillitis ( inflammation of the tonsils, which causes the formation of purulent plugs) propolis must be chewed 3 times a day for 10 – 15 minutes after meals ( without swallowing). The recommended single dose for children is 1 gram, for adults – 2 grams. During the first uses, you should be extremely careful, as propolis can cause allergic reactions.
• Tincture of calendula. Used for gargling. Has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. You can buy the tincture at a pharmacy or prepare it yourself. To prepare it, 50 grams of calendula flowers must be poured with 500 milliliters of 70% alcohol and left in a dark place for 3 days. To prepare a solution for gargling, 1 teaspoon of the resulting tincture is diluted in 1 glass ( 200 ml) warm boiled water. Should be used 2 times a day after meals.
• Gargling with infusion of chamomile flowers. Thanks to the action of essential oils, organic acids contained in chamomile flowers, tannins and vitamins, the infusion has a strong anti-inflammatory effect, reduces the severity of sore throat and promotes the rapid restoration of damaged mucous membrane of the tonsils. To prepare the infusion, add 40 grams of chamomile flowers to 500 milliliters of hot boiled water and leave in a dark place for 1 hour. Strain and use as a gargle 2-3 times a day ( one hour after eating).
• Inhalations with eucalyptus. Eucalyptus has powerful anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. Effectively eliminates pain in the area of ​​inflamed tonsils and promotes the separation of purulent plugs. To carry out inhalation, you need to boil a pot of water, add a few drops of eucalyptus essential oil to it, cover your head with a blanket and inhale the vapors for 10 - 15 minutes. Alternative option is to use a teapot, on the spout of which a homemade “funnel” made of paper is placed, through which eucalyptus vapors are inhaled. The procedure should be performed 1-2 times a day, at least 1 hour after the last meal.
• Infusion of rose hips. It has a general strengthening effect, stimulates the immune system and increases the body's protective properties. Reduces the permeability of the vascular wall at the site of inflammation, thereby eliminating swelling of the tonsils and promoting the separation of purulent plugs. To prepare the infusion, place 40 grams of rose hips in a thermos and pour 1 liter of boiling water. Leave for 8-10 hours, then strain thoroughly and take 150 ml orally 3 times a day half an hour before meals.
• Tea with lemon. Lemon is rich in vitamin C, a deficiency of which can lead to the progression of an infectious and inflammatory process in the tonsils. Adding a slice of lemon to tea every morning covers the need for this vitamin, which helps normalize metabolic processes, reduce the permeability of blood vessel walls and increase nonspecific protection body.

How to remove purulent plugs from a child’s tonsils?

To remove traffic jams from a child at home, you can use:

• gargling with an antiseptic solution;
• mechanical squeezing of plugs from the tonsils.

Mechanical squeezing of tonsil plugs
The palatine tonsils contain many canals ( crypt, lacunae), which penetrate the entire substance of the tonsil and open on its surface. It is in these crypts that purulent plugs consisting of bacteria and leukocytes are formed ( body's protective cells). In some cases, it is possible to squeeze out purulent plugs from the tonsils, but you should be extremely careful not to injure the mucous membrane of the organ.

Before removing the plugs, the child should rinse his mouth several times with an antiseptic solution. After this, use a sterile cotton swab or medical spatula to gently press on the base of the tonsil until the plug completely protrudes above its surface. After removing the plug, the mouth should be rinsed again with an antiseptic solution and refrain from eating or drinking for the next 2 hours.

Methods for removing purulent plugs in a hospital setting are:

• Rinsing the lacunae of the palatine tonsils. To wash lacunae in children, a special syringe with a thin, curved needle with a blunt end is used. Use this needle to apply an antiseptic solution ( for example, Lugol's solution) is introduced directly into the depths of the crypt, washing out the plug from it. It is extremely rare to achieve a complete cure after the first procedure. Typically, the course of treatment includes up to 15 rinses, carried out in combination with drug treatment for infectious inflammation of the tonsils ( tonsillitis).
• Removing traffic jams using a laser. Usage laser radiation allows you to clear the lacunae of the tonsils from purulent plugs, as well as prevent relapse of the disease. The fact is that during laser removal of the plug, the mucous membrane in the crypts of the tonsils is destroyed. The walls of the crypts collapse and grow together, as a result of which the channels in the tonsils cease to exist. Laser method removal of plugs is preferred, since it is practically painless and allows you to preserve tonsil tissue, which is extremely important for normal development immune system in childhood.
• Removal of palatine tonsils. Previously, removal of the tonsils was a widespread operation, but today it has been established that the tonsils play an important role in the formation and functioning of the immune system of young children. That is why radical removal of the palatine tonsils is an extreme measure, used only in severe case chronic tonsillitis that is not amenable to other treatment methods. The operation itself is considered relatively safe and is performed under general anesthesia (that is, during the removal of the tonsils, the child will sleep and will not remember anything).

Do I need to follow a diet if I have a congestion in my throat?

The main reason for the appearance of purulent plugs in the throat is chronic tonsillitis ( inflammation of the tonsils). This disease develops when pathogenic microflora penetrate and multiply in the tonsils, as a result of which pus accumulates in them, from which purulent plugs subsequently form.

One of the important factors contributing to the development of tonsillitis is malnutrition. It has been scientifically proven that monotonous protein foods, as well as insufficient intake of vitamin C and B vitamins, contribute to the development of an infectious process in the oral cavity and tonsils. Based on this, it becomes clear that complete and balanced diet is one of the key points in the treatment of purulent plugs.

For infectious inflammation of the palatine tonsils, it is recommended to prescribe diet number 13 according to Pevzner. Eating according to this diet reduces the severity of inflammatory processes in the body, increases the activity of the patient’s immune system, and also helps eliminate pathogenic bacteria and their toxins from the body.

The principles of diet therapy for purulent plugs in the throat are:

• Fractional meals. Food should be taken 5-6 times a day, in small portions.
• Complete nutrition. The diet should be rich in all essential nutrients ( that is, proteins, fats and carbohydrates), vitamins and microelements.
• Elimination of rough foods. Inflamed tonsils are extremely sensitive to various irritations. Eating rough, poorly processed food can injure the tissue of the tonsils, increasing pain in the throat.
• Avoid cold foods. Hypothermia of inflamed tonsils further reduces their protective properties and can contribute to further progression of the disease, therefore all food consumed by the patient should have a temperature of at least 15 - 20ºC.
• Consume at least 2 liters of fluid per day.

Diet for purulent plugs in the throat