How to remove a stomach surgery scar. How are different types of scars treated? Complications of postoperative scars

Any surgical intervention is stressful for the body. The skin, which feels the impact in the incision area, also reacts to it. During major operations, the blood supply is disrupted over large areas. As a result, postoperative scars appear in these areas.

Many people experience moral and physical discomfort from marks on their skin. Therefore, they go to the doctor and ask the question of how to remove the scar after surgery. You can do this using medications And cosmetic procedures.

Why do scars appear?

Scars after surgery are common. But for some people, scarring leaves very unsightly marks on the skin. Depends on the degree of damage and appearance from many factors.

It is assessed whether the incision was made along Langer's lines. They are conditional guides for maximum skin stretching.
The location of the post-operative scar is also considered. If it is subject to tension, healing will be problematic. Therefore, when plastic surgery, especially on the face, an incision is not made in the area of the bony prominence.
The scale of the operation affects the degree of education. The situation may become more complicated if there is intervention in the internal organs or stretching of the skin. Scars are especially often formed when there is insufficient blood supply.
The suturing technique may have an effect. In 99% of cases, a scar will appear when a skin tightening device is installed.
If the wound has festered or the stitch has come apart, scar tissue will form faster.
Patients with a genetic predisposition to the formation of keloid scars are more likely to develop them.

After surgery, scars always remain, but the extent of their development depends on many factors.

Types of scars

Before deciding to remove a scar, your doctor should evaluate the scar.

After damage to the skin, the process of formation of scar tissue begins, and its splitting also occurs. If they occur in concert, then a normotrophic scar appears. It is unnoticeable and does not differ in color from the rest of the skin.

Externally, three main types of formations can be distinguished:

When scar tissue dissolves excessively, a pitted scar is considered atrophic. It is formed after the removal of moles, papillomas, and warts.
If scar formation predominates to a greater extent, you can observe the appearance of a pink area above the surface of the skin - a hypertrophic formation. It is created by constant injury or suppuration. This type of scar can form during operations with big amount subcutaneous fat.
With a genetic predisposition, a keloid scar is formed. It protrudes above the surface of the skin and is pink or White color, smooth and shiny surface. This appearance can be observed several months after the suture is removed.

Scars vary in appearance and nature of occurrence.

Choosing a scar removal method

Scar removal after surgery can be done in several ways. A dermatocosmetologist should select a specific one. He evaluates the appearance of the defect and the degree of blood supply to the tissues. After this, the following may be prescribed:

external medications;
injections into the scar area;
physiotherapy;
deep dermabrasion;
chemical peeling;
massage with vacuum and rollers;
mini-surgical intervention in the form of cryotherapy, laser or electrocoagulation;
Plastic surgery.

The removal method is selected depending on the location, nature and size of the scar

It's worth remembering that folk remedies will not cope with serious skin changes. As a result, you can lose time to such an extent that even a laser will not help in eliminating the trace. Therefore, it is necessary to trust the dermatologist who determines the treatment tactics.

Treatment of scars at home

They will help you cope with formations at home special means from scars. These include tissue absorbent creams, ointments and patches.

The doctor can choose a remedy for removing scars at home

Additionally, the patient can undergo physical therapy. Phonophoresis with lidase, hydrocortisone, and compression application of medications are considered effective in this situation.

There are the main drugs that are used to eliminate scars.

Kelofibraza contains urea. It dissolves tissue, which helps stop scar formation. Under the influence of heparin, the blood thins and begins to circulate better. The product also has an anti-inflammatory effect, so it can be used to eliminate fresh scars after operations.
The Contractubex gel contains onion serae extract. It has an anti-inflammatory effect and inhibits the growth of scar cells. Thanks to heparin, inflammation and allergic reactions are eliminated. Allantoin, the third substance in the composition, heals wounds and increases the ability to retain water.
Kelo-Kot gels and sprays consist of silicone and polysiloxane. They create a film on the surface of the scar. As a result, the tissues do not grow, fluid accumulates in them. The products help eliminate itching and tightness of the skin.
Dermatix contains silicon dioxide, which is abrasive particles, as well as polysiloxane. Its action is similar to the drug Kelo-kot.
Skargard cream helps cope with scars after operations. It contains silicone, which creates a protective film. Also, the hormone hydrocortisone has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Vitamin E contained in the composition softens scar tissue.
Fermenkol gel contains enzymes that break down collagen. It is these fibers that form scar tissue. The drug can be used both in the presence of fresh and old scars. Doctors often recommend not lubricating the scar, but using it when performing electrophoresis.
Klirvin ointment is made with natural basis. It penetrates deeply into the tissue, accelerating the healing process and displacement of the scar defect.
Can be glued to the scar area silicone patch Mepiderm. It has a compression layer that helps heal the scar faster. Under the patch are created special conditions to create the required level of humidity. As a result, scars quickly resolve. Thanks to the different sizes of the product, you can choose necessary option. The flesh tone makes it invisible on the skin. Before using the patch, you need to treat the scar with water lotion and dry it.

A new medication with a special patch is effective

When is the use of medications prohibited?

The use of external medicinal preparations for scars after surgery is in some cases prohibited.

Ointments should not be used if:

redness;
herpetic rashes;
red vessels;
eczema with weeping areas, blisters, crusts.

Also, treatment is not provided in case of exacerbation chronic pathology, in the presence of an allergic reaction, especially in the skin, infectious lesion body.

One of the most progressive methods is laser resurfacing.

Dermatocosmetological procedures

If there are old scars, large scars treatment is carried out in the office of a dermatocosmetologist. He selects the treatment method taking into account the condition of the skin defect.

During mesotherapy, a hyaluronic acid, vitamins and enzymes. The method is not effective for serious formations.
The patient is indicated for injections with glucocorticosteroids. Triamcinolone acetate and hydrocortisone have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. As a result, the formation stops connective tissue, which reduces the scar. The method can be used in the presence of hypertrophic and keloid formations.
During peeling, dead cells are exfoliated. Cosmetologists perform mechanical removal of the stratum corneum (microdermabrasion) and chemical cleansing using acids.
In cryotherapy, the effect is achieved using liquid nitrogen. It leads to tissue necrosis, in place of which new skin is formed. Removal is carried out in several procedures. The tissue heals within two weeks. This leaves the skin moist and increases the risk of infection.
The best option is laser resurfacing. As a result of microburns, the scar is compressed. Forms at the site of impact healthy skin. Removal is carried out over several procedures. The wound heals with the formation of a dry crust, so the likelihood of infection is eliminated. The crust will fall off on its own in two weeks.
Large keloid or hypertrophic scars are removed surgically. The plastic surgeon excises the scar tissue, after which a cosmetic suture is applied. It is also possible to apply a skin flap.

Choose best option A doctor can remove the formation. If the method is chosen incorrectly, you can waste time and significantly aggravate the problem.

Many people experience moral and physical discomfort from marks on their skin. Therefore, they go to the doctor and ask the question of how to remove the scar after surgery. This can be done with the help of medications and cosmetic procedures.

Why do scars appear?

Scars after surgery are common. But for some people, scarring leaves very unsightly marks on the skin. The degree of damage and appearance depend on many factors.

It is assessed whether the incision was made along Langer's lines. They are conditional guides for maximum skin stretching.
The location of the post-operative scar is also considered. If it is subject to tension, healing will be problematic. Therefore, during plastic surgery, especially on the face, an incision is not made in the area of the bony protrusion.
The scale of the operation affects the degree of education. The situation may become more complicated if there is intervention in the internal organs or stretching of the skin. Scars are especially often formed when there is insufficient blood supply.
The suturing technique may have an effect. In 99% of cases, a scar will appear when a skin tightening device is installed.
If the wound has festered or the stitch has come apart, scar tissue will form faster.
Patients with a genetic predisposition to the formation of keloid scars are more likely to develop them.

After surgery, scars always remain, but the extent of their development depends on many factors.

Types of scars

Before deciding to remove a scar, your doctor should evaluate the scar.

Externally, three main types of formations can be distinguished:

When scar tissue dissolves excessively, a pitted scar is considered atrophic. It is formed after the removal of moles, papillomas, and warts.
If scar formation predominates to a greater extent, you can observe the appearance of a pink area above the surface of the skin - a hypertrophic formation. It is created by constant injury or suppuration. This type of scar can form during operations with a large amount of subcutaneous fat.
With a genetic predisposition, a keloid scar is formed. It protrudes above the surface of the skin, has a pink or white color, and a smooth and shiny surface. This appearance can be observed several months after the suture is removed.

Scars vary in appearance and nature of occurrence.

Choosing a scar removal method

external medications;
injections into the scar area;
physiotherapy;
deep dermabrasion;
chemical peeling;
massage with vacuum and rollers;
mini-surgical intervention in the form of cryotherapy, laser or electrocoagulation;
Plastic surgery.

The removal method is selected depending on the location, nature and size of the scar

It is worth remembering that folk remedies will not cope with serious skin changes. As a result, you can lose time to such an extent that even a laser will not help in eliminating the trace. Therefore, it is necessary to trust the dermatologist who determines the treatment tactics.

Treatment of scars at home

At home, special scar remedies will help you cope with formations. These include tissue absorbent creams, ointments and patches.

The doctor can choose a remedy for removing scars at home

Additionally, the patient can undergo physical therapy. Phonophoresis with lidase, hydrocortisone, and compression application of medications are considered effective in this situation.

There are the main drugs that are used to eliminate scars.

Kelofibraza contains urea. It dissolves tissue, which helps stop scar formation. Under the influence of heparin, the blood thins and begins to circulate better. The product also has an anti-inflammatory effect, so it can be used to eliminate fresh scars after surgery.
The Contractubex gel contains onion serae extract. It has an anti-inflammatory effect and inhibits the growth of scar cells. Thanks to heparin, inflammation and allergic reactions are eliminated. Allantoin, the third substance in the composition, heals wounds and increases the ability to retain water.
Kelo-Kot gels and sprays consist of silicone and polysiloxane. They create a film on the surface of the scar. As a result, the tissues do not grow, fluid accumulates in them. The products help eliminate itching and tightness of the skin.
Dermatix contains silicon dioxide, which is abrasive particles, as well as polysiloxane. Its action is similar to the drug Kelo-kot.
Skargard cream helps cope with scars after operations. It contains silicone, which creates a protective film. Also, the hormone hydrocortisone has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Vitamin E contained in the composition softens scar tissue.
Fermenkol gel contains enzymes that break down collagen. It is these fibers that form scar tissue. The drug can be used both in the presence of fresh and old scars. Doctors often recommend not lubricating the scar, but using it when performing electrophoresis.
Clearvin ointment is made on a natural basis. It penetrates deeply into the tissue, accelerating the healing process and displacement of the scar defect.
A silicone patch called Mepiderm can be applied to the scar area. It has a compression layer that helps heal the scar faster. Special conditions are created under the patch to create the required level of humidity. As a result, scars quickly resolve. Thanks to the different sizes of the product, you can choose the desired option. The flesh tone makes it invisible on the skin. Before using the patch, you need to treat the scar with water lotion and dry it.

A new medication with a special patch is effective

When is the use of medications prohibited?

The use of external medicinal preparations for scars after surgery is in some cases prohibited.

Ointments should not be used if:

redness;
herpetic rashes;
red vessels;
eczema with weeping areas, blisters, crusts.

Also, treatment is not carried out in case of exacerbation of chronic pathology, in the presence of an allergic reaction, especially in the skin, or an infectious lesion of the body.

One of the most progressive methods is laser resurfacing.

Dermatocosmetological procedures

In the presence of old scars, large scars, treatment is carried out in the office of a dermatocosmetologist. He selects the treatment method taking into account the condition of the skin defect.

During mesotherapy, hyaluronic acid, vitamins and enzymes are injected into the scar area. The method is not effective for serious formations.
The patient is indicated for injections with glucocorticosteroids. Triamcinolone acetate and hydrocortisone have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. As a result, the formation of connective tissue stops, which reduces the scar. The method can be used in the presence of hypertrophic and keloid formations.
During peeling, dead cells are exfoliated. Cosmetologists perform mechanical removal of the stratum corneum (microdermabrasion) and chemical cleansing using acids.
In cryotherapy, the effect is achieved using liquid nitrogen. It leads to tissue necrosis, in place of which new skin is formed. Removal is carried out in several procedures. The tissue heals within two weeks. This leaves the skin moist and increases the risk of infection.
The best option is laser resurfacing. As a result of microburns, the scar is compressed. Healthy skin is formed at the site of exposure. Removal is carried out over several procedures. The wound heals with the formation of a dry crust, so the likelihood of infection is eliminated. The crust will fall off on its own in two weeks.
Large keloid or hypertrophic scars are removed surgically. The plastic surgeon excises the scar tissue, after which a cosmetic suture is applied. It is also possible to apply a skin flap.

The doctor can choose the best option for removing the formation. If the method is chosen incorrectly, you can waste time and significantly aggravate the problem.

Any operation - planned or performed urgently - is stress for the body, in response to which it activates a whole cascade of reactions. They also start in the skin through which the incision is made. And the larger the intervention, than worse blood supply cover tissue and the more genetic features in its enzyme systems, the higher the likelihood that postoperative scars will appear at the incision sites.

So that they do not spoil the appearance, do not dictate the style of the clothes worn and do not deliver discomfort tightness of surrounding tissues, they need to be removed. We'll talk about ways in which this can be done.

Why do postoperative scars appear?

The formation of such defects depends on many factors:

Was the incision made along Langer's lines (this conditional diagram, showing in which direction on a particular area of the body the skin will stretch as much as possible).
Whether the surgical approach was over a bony prominence or over an area that is subject to tension or is forced to move frequently. For the treatment of diseases or for plastic surgery, an incision is not made in such places, but if the intervention was carried out for wounds, to remove a foreign body or tumor, these features might not be taken into account.
The scale of the operation: if the intervention was carried out during internal organs, after the incision, the skin was stretched to reach the desired abdominal organ. This stretching, especially under conditions insufficient blood supply cover tissue (this increases with age) increases the chance of scarring.
How the postoperative suture was placed on the skin - were several stitches performed or the surgeon used an intradermal technique (using a fishing line that connects 2 skin flaps without interrupting its progress). Some interventions, due to the severity of the subcutaneous fat layer, are forced to end with the installation of devices to “tighten” the skin. In this case, the chance of scar formation is 99%.
Has there been any suppuration or suture dehiscence? These factors increase the chance of excessive scar tissue development at the incision sites.
Is there a tendency to form keloids, which is genetically determined?

Types of postoperative scars

The dermatologist decides how to remove a scar after surgery by assessing the type of defect. There are 3 types.

Normal after damage skin it starts 2 processes of the opposite direction at once. The first is the formation of connective (that is, scar) tissue, the second is its splitting. When they are coordinated, a normotrophic scar is formed - an unnoticeable defect of the same color as the surrounding skin.

If the dissolution of scar tissue prevails over its formation, the scar will resemble a pit and is called. Such defects often form after operations that did not require suturing: moles,.

When formation prevails over destruction, a pinkish hypertrophic scar protrudes above the skin appears. Its appearance is promoted by suppuration or constant traumatization of the wound area. It forms when surgery was performed in an area with a large amount of subcutaneous fat. The likelihood of the formation of such defects is reduced if, after removing the sutures, you use an ointment for healing scars after surgery: Levomekol, Actovegin, Methyluracil or Solcoseryl.

If there genetic predisposition skin may form. This is a formation protruding above the rest of the skin, pink or whitish in color, smooth and shiny. It begins to grow 1-3 months after the stitches are removed. The chance of its occurrence increases if the skin is dark, the operation was performed on chest, the intervention was performed during pregnancy or adolescence. The occurrence of this type of defect cannot be prevented.

Scar removal methods

Selecting the method by which removal should be carried out postoperative scars and scars, is within the competence of a dermatocosmetologist. Only he, based on an assessment of not only the type of skin defect, but also the blood supply to the integumentary tissue, can decide whether the following are applicable here:

ointment for scars after surgery;
injection treatment method (mesotherapy, drug injections or steroid injections);
physiotherapeutic methods of influence;
deep dermabrasion;
method of chemical peeling of scar changes;
one of the mini-operations, when the scar can be removed either by exposure to liquid nitrogen, or a laser, or current pulses;
Plastic surgery.

You should not self-medicate: a folk remedy for post-operative scars often becomes a waste of time, which later makes it difficult for even a laser to deal with them. A dermatologist will tell you exactly when you can try using ointment, and when more aggressive methods are needed.

How to treat postoperative scars at home

You can use these at home local remedies, such as: creams for resolving scars after surgery, ointment-based preparations, special patches. An excellent help for such therapy is the use of physiotherapeutic procedures (phonophoresis with lidase and hydrocortisone) and compression methods (pressure treatment, when the same drugs are applied under a pressure bandage).

Kelofibrase

This is a drug based on urea, a substance that dissolves tissue, as well as sodium heparin, a compound that thins the blood (this improves microcirculation) and has an anti-inflammatory effect. Effective for removing fresh post-operative scars.

Contractubex

This is a gel based on onion extract, which has an anti-inflammatory effect. It inhibits the growth of cells that give rise to scar tissue. This also includes heparin, which has an anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic effect, softening scar tissue. The third main substance of the drug is allantoin, which promotes wound healing and increases the ability of tissues to bind water.

Gel and spray Kelo-kot

The drugs are based on silicone and polysiloxane. Together they form a film on the surface of the scar, which will prevent the growth of scar tissue and restore interstitial water balance, eliminate itching, feeling of skin tightness.

Dermatix

It contains silicon dioxide (abrasive particles) and polysiloxanes. Its effect is not much different from the effect of Kelo-Kot: moisturizing the skin, eliminating itching, fighting scars and the appearance of pigmentation on them.

Skargard

This is a scar cream after surgery. It contains silicone, the actions of which are described above, hydrocortisone, a hormone that has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, and vitamin E, which softens scar tissue.

Gel Fermenkol

It consists of enzymes that break down collagen (collagen fibers form the basis of scar tissue). Can be used to treat both fresh postoperative scars and those that are more than 6 years old. IN the latter case It is better not to smear the scar, but to apply Fermencol under the influence of electrophoresis.

Clearvin

This is an ointment based natural ingredients made according to Ayurvedic recipe. Thanks to its active ingredients, it penetrates deep into the tissues, “switches” regeneration in them so that they themselves begin to displace the scar defect, replacing it with normal skin.

Mepiderm scar patch

This is a silicone patch combined with a compress

ionic (compressive) layer. This complex creates sufficient moisture in the scar tissue, which leads to its rapid resorption.

It has different sizes, which allows you to choose it individually. Its color is flesh. Before application, the skin should be treated with water lotion and dried with a dry cloth. It is advisable to remove hair at the application site.

Contraindications to treatment at home

It is better not to decide the question of how to smear the formed scar while there are such conditions at the site of the defect as:

redness;
herpes;
the appearance of reddish vessels;
manifestations: weeping areas with individual blisters and crusts on them.

It is contraindicated to begin treatment of scars during exacerbation of existing chronic disease, with allergies, especially with skin manifestations, during any infectious disease.

Treatment in a dermatocosmetologist's office

Let's look at what scar correction methods professionals offer.

Mesotherapy

The method involves injecting a “cocktail” of (the main natural “filler” of the skin), vitamins and enzymes into the area near the scar. The effectiveness of the method is low.

Administration of glucocorticoid hormones

The method is based on the introduction of drugs based on synthetic analogues hormones produced in the human adrenal glands (“Triamcinolone acetate”, “Hydrocortisone suspension”). There they, having a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, should stop the production of connective tissue, and this will significantly reduce the scar after surgery.

This is how hypertrophic and keloid scars are treated.

Peelings

This is called exfoliation surface layers skin within the epidermis so that new, healthy layers appear in their place. Since the scar is not the epidermis, but connective tissue, there is no need to be afraid of causing deeper damage (the germ layer will still not be deformed due to its absence).

To treat scars, mechanical peeling is performed (microdermabrasion, using small abrasive particles) or chemical analogue when acids are used (for example,).

Scar removal using deep mechanical dermabrasion

Cryotherapy

It is based on the effect of liquid nitrogen. It causes necrosis pathological tissue, in place of which healthy skin is formed.

The depth of cryotherapy is not 100% controlled. More than one procedure may be needed to remove a scar. Healing after each of them takes up to 14 days, the wound is wet and can become infected.

Laser resurfacing

This The best way, removal of scars after surgery. It involves the application of microburns both on the area of the defect itself (because of this, the scar is “compressed”), and on small area along its perimeter. As a result of the last impact, healthy skin begins to form, which displaces scarred skin.

For complete correction, you may need not 1, but several procedures. Healing occurs under a dry crust, so infection is impossible here. The crust disappears after 10 days.

Scar correction method laser resurfacing

Surgery

How to get rid of a scar after surgery if it takes large area, is keloid or hypertrophic, they know plastic surgeons. They excise scar tissue, after which or immediately apply cosmetic stitches, or cover the defect with a flap of your own skin. The flap is pre-prepared so that it does not lose its blood supply.

Information about the types and healing process of postoperative sutures. It also tells what actions need to be taken in case of complications.

After a person has undergone surgery, scars and stitches remain for a long time. From this article you will learn how to properly process a postoperative suture and what to do in case of complications.

Types of postoperative sutures

A surgical suture is used to connect biological tissues. Views after surgical sutures depend on the nature and scale surgical intervention and there are:

bloodless, which do not require special threads, but are glued together using a special adhesive
bloody, which are stitched with medical suture material through biological tissues

Depending on the method of applying bloody sutures, the following types are distinguished:

simple nodal– has a puncture triangular shape which holds well suture material
continuous intradermal– most common which provides a good cosmetic effect
vertical or horizontal mattress – used for deep, extensive tissue damage
purse string – intended for plastic fabrics
entwining - as a rule, serves to connect vessels and hollow organs

The following techniques and instruments are used for suturing vary:

manual, when applying which a regular needle, tweezers and other instruments are used. Suture materials – synthetic, biological, wire, etc.
mechanical carried out using a device using special brackets

The depth and extent of the injury dictates the method of suturing:

single-row - the seam is applied in one tier
multilayer - application is made in several rows (muscle and vascular tissues are first connected, then the skin is sutured)

In addition, surgical sutures are divided into:

removable– after the wound has healed, the suture material is removed (usually used on covering tissue)
submersible– cannot be removed (suitable for joining internal tissues)

Materials that are used for surgical sutures can be:

absorbable - removal of suture material is not required. Typically used for ruptures of mucous and soft tissues
non-absorbable - removed after a certain period of time determined by the doctor

When applying sutures, it is very important to connect the edges of the wound tightly so that the possibility of cavity formation is completely excluded. Any type of surgical sutures requires treatment with antiseptic or antibacterial drugs.

How and with what should I treat a postoperative suture for better healing at home?

The healing period of wounds after surgery largely depends on the human body: for some this process occurs quickly, for others it takes longer. long time. But the key to a successful result is correct therapy after suturing. The timing and nature of healing are influenced by the following factors:

sterility
materials for processing the suture after surgery
regularity

One of the most important requirements for postoperative injury care is maintaining sterility. Treat wounds only with thoroughly washed hands using disinfected instruments.

Depending on the nature of the injury, postoperative sutures are treated with various antiseptic agents:

potassium permanganate solution (it is important to follow the dosage to avoid the possibility of burns)
iodine (in large quantities may cause dry skin)
brilliant green
medical alcohol
fucarcin (difficult to wipe off from the surface, which causes some inconvenience)
hydrogen peroxide (may cause a slight burning sensation)
anti-inflammatory ointments and gels

Folk remedies are often used at home for these purposes:

oil tea tree(in its pure form)
tincture of larkspur roots (2 tbsp., 1 tbsp. water, 1 tbsp. alcohol)
ointment (0.5 cups beeswax, 2 cups vegetable oil cook over low heat for 10 minutes, let cool)
cream with calendula extract (add a drop of rosemary and orange oils)

Before using these medications, be sure to consult your doctor. In order for the healing process to occur as quickly as possible short time without complications, it is important to follow the rules for processing seams:

disinfect hands and tools that may be needed
carefully remove the bandage from the wound. If it sticks, pour peroxide on it before applying antiseptic.
with help cotton swab or a gauze swab, lubricate the seam with an antiseptic
apply a bandage

In addition, do not forget to comply with the following conditions:

carry out processing twice a day, if necessary and more often
regularly carefully examine the wound for inflammation
To avoid the formation of scars, do not remove dry crusts and scabs from the wound
When showering, do not rub the seam with hard sponges
If complications occur (purulent discharge, swelling, redness), consult a doctor immediately

How to remove postoperative sutures at home?

The removable postoperative suture must be removed in time, since the material that is used to connect the tissue is exposed to the body foreign body. Moreover, if the threads are not removed in due date, they can grow into the tissue, leading to inflammation.

We all know that a postoperative suture must be removed by a medical professional in suitable conditions using special tools. However, it happens that there is no opportunity to visit a doctor, the time for removing the stitches has already come, and the wound looks completely healed. In this case, you can remove the suture material yourself.

To get started, prepare the following:

antiseptic drugs
sharp scissors (preferably surgical, but you can also use nail scissors)
dressing
antibiotic ointment (in case of infection in the wound)

Perform the seam removal process as follows:

disinfect instruments
wash your hands thoroughly up to the elbows and treat them with an antiseptic
choose a well-lit place
remove the bandage from the seam
using alcohol or peroxide, treat the area around the seam
Using tweezers, gently lift the first knot slightly
holding it, use scissors to cut the suture thread
carefully, slowly pull out the thread
continue in the same order: lift the knot and pull the threads
make sure to remove all suture material
treat the seam area with an antiseptic
apply a bandage for better healing

When self-removal postoperative sutures To avoid complications, strictly follow these requirements:

You can remove only small superficial seams yourself
Do not remove surgical staples or wires at home
make sure the wound is completely healed
if bleeding occurs during the process, stop the action, treat with an antiseptic and consult a doctor
protect the seam area from ultraviolet radiation, since the skin there is still too thin and susceptible to burns
avoid the possibility of injury to this area

What to do if a seal appears at the site of the postoperative suture?

Often, after the operation, a patient experiences a seal under the suture, which is formed due to the accumulation of lymph. As a rule, it does not pose a threat to health and disappears over time. However, in some cases complications may arise in the form of:

inflammation– accompanied by painful sensations in the suture area, redness is observed, the temperature may increase
suppuration– when the inflammatory process is advanced, pus may leak from the wound
the formation of keloid scars is not dangerous, but has an unaesthetic appearance. Such scars can be removed using laser resurfacing or surgery.

If you observe the listed signs, contact the surgeon who operated on you. And if this is not possible, go to the hospital at your place of residence.

If you see a lump, consult a doctor

Even if it later turns out that the resulting lump is not dangerous and will resolve on its own over time, the doctor must conduct an examination and give his opinion. If you are convinced that the postoperative suture seal is not inflamed, does not cause pain and there is no purulent discharge, follow these requirements:

Follow the rules of hygiene. Keep bacteria away from the injured area
treat the seam twice a day and change the dressing material promptly
When showering, avoid getting water on the unhealed area
don't lift weights
make sure that your clothes do not rub the seam and the areola around it
Before going outside, apply a protective sterile bandage
Do not apply compresses or rub yourself under any circumstances. various tinctures on the advice of friends. This can lead to complications. A doctor must prescribe treatment

Compliance with these simple rules is the key successful treatment seam seals and the possibility of getting rid of scars without surgical or laser technologies.

The postoperative suture does not heal, it is red, inflamed: what to do?

One of a number postoperative complications is inflammation of the suture. This process is accompanied by such phenomena as:

swelling and redness in the suture area
the presence of a seal under the seam that can be felt with your fingers
increased temperature and blood pressure
general weakness and muscle pain

The reasons for the appearance of the inflammatory process and further non-healing of the postoperative suture can be different:

infection in a postoperative wound
During the operation, the subcutaneous tissues were injured, resulting in the formation of hematomas
suture material had increased tissue reactivity
in patients with overweight wound drainage is insufficient
low immunity of the patient being operated on

Often there is a combination of several of the listed factors that may arise:

due to an error by the operating surgeon (instruments and materials were not processed sufficiently)
due to patient non-compliance with postoperative requirements
due to indirect infection, in which microorganisms are spread through the blood from another source of inflammation in the body

If you see redness in the suture, consult a doctor immediately

In addition, the healing of a surgical suture largely depends on individual characteristics body:

weight– y fat people the wound may heal more slowly after surgery
age – tissue regeneration in at a young age happens faster
nutrition – lack of proteins and vitamins slows down the recovery process
chronic diseases – their presence prevents rapid healing

If you notice redness or inflammation of a postoperative suture, do not delay visiting a doctor. It is the specialist who must examine the wound and prescribe the correct treatment:

remove stitches if necessary
washes the wounds
install drainage to drain purulent discharge
will appoint necessary medications external and internal use

Timely implementation necessary measures will prevent the possibility severe consequences(sepsis, gangrene). After medical procedures have been performed by your attending physician, to speed up the healing process at home, follow these recommendations:

treat the suture and the area around it several times a day with the medications prescribed by your doctor
While showering, try not to touch the wound with a washcloth. When you get out of the bath, gently blot the seam with a bandage.
change sterile dressings on time
take multivitamins
add extra protein to your diet
do not lift heavy objects

In order to minimize the risk of an inflammatory process, it is necessary to take preventive measures before surgery:

boost your immunity
sanitize your mouth
identify the presence of infections in the body and take measures to get rid of them
strictly observe hygiene rules after surgery

Postoperative fistula: causes and methods of control

One of negative consequences after surgical intervention is postoperative fistula, which is a channel through which purulent cavities. It occurs as a consequence of the inflammatory process when there is no outlet for purulent fluid.
The reasons for the appearance of fistulas after surgery can be different:

chronic inflammation
the infection is not completely eliminated
rejection by the body of non-absorbable suture material

The last reason is the most common. The threads that connect tissues during surgery are called ligatures. Therefore, a fistula that occurs due to its rejection is called ligature. Around the thread is formed granuloma, that is, a seal consisting of the material itself and fibrous tissue. Such a fistula is formed, as a rule, for two reasons:

hitting the wound pathogenic bacteria due to incomplete disinfection of threads or instruments during surgery
weak the immune system patient, due to which the body weakly resists infections, and occurs slow recovery after the introduction of a foreign body

A fistula can manifest itself in different postoperative period:

within a week after surgery
after a few months

Signs of fistula formation are:

redness in the area of inflammation
the appearance of compactions and tubercles near or on the seam
painful sensations
discharge of pus
temperature increase

After surgery there may be very unpleasant phenomenon- fistula

In case of observation at home listed symptoms, be sure to consult a doctor. If measures are not taken in time, the infection can spread throughout the body.

Treatment postoperative fistulas determined by a doctor and can be of two types:

conservative
surgical

The conservative method is used if inflammatory process just started and didn't lead to serious violations. In this case, the following is carried out:

removal of dead tissue around the seam
washing the wound from pus
removing the outer ends of the thread
patient taking antibiotics and immune-boosting drugs

The surgical method includes a number of medical measures:

make an incision to drain the pus
remove the ligature
wash the wound
if necessary, perform the procedure again after a few days
if there are multiple fistulas, you may be prescribed complete excision of the suture
the stitches are reapplied
a course of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs is prescribed
complexes of vitamins and minerals are prescribed
standard therapy prescribed after surgery is carried out

IN Lately appeared new way treatment of fistulas - ultrasound. This is the most gentle method. Its disadvantage is the length of the process. In addition to the methods listed, healers offer folk remedies for the treatment of postoperative fistulas:

mumiyo dissolve in water and mix with aloe juice. Soak a bandage in the mixture and apply to the inflamed area. Keep it for several hours
wash the wound with a decoction St. John's wort(4 tablespoons of dry leaves per 0.5 liters of boiling water)
take 100 g of medical tar, butter, flower honey, pine resin, crushed aloe leaf. Mix everything and heat in a water bath. Dilute with medical alcohol or vodka. Apply the prepared mixture around the fistula, cover with film or plaster
Apply a sheet to the fistula at night cabbage

However, do not forget that folk remedies are only supportive therapy and do not cancel the visit to the doctor. To prevent the formation of postoperative fistulas it is necessary:

Before the operation, examine the patient for the presence of diseases
prescribe antibiotics to prevent infection
carefully handle instruments before surgery
avoid contamination of suture materials

Ointments for healing and resorption of postoperative sutures

Used for resorption and healing of postoperative sutures. antiseptics(brilliant greens, iodine, chlorhexidine, etc.). Modern pharmacology offers other preparations of similar properties in the form of ointments for local impact. Using them for healing purposes at home has a number of advantages:

availability
wide spectrum of action
the fatty base on the surface of the wound creates a film that prevents tissue from drying out
skin nutrition
Ease of use
softening and lightening of scars

It should be noted that for wet wounds The use of ointments on the skin is not recommended. They are prescribed when the healing process has already begun.

Based on the nature and depth of skin damage, different kinds ointments:

simple antiseptic(for shallow superficial wounds)
containing hormonal components (for extensive, with complications)

Vishnevsky ointment- one of the most affordable and popular pulling agents. Promotes accelerated release from purulent processes
levomekol– has a combined effect: antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. Is an antibiotic wide range. Recommended for purulent discharge from the seam
vulnuzan– a product based on natural ingredients. Apply to both wound and bandage
levosin– kills microbes, removes inflammation, promotes healing
stellanine– a new generation ointment that removes swelling and kills infection, stimulates skin regeneration
eplan- one of the most powerful remedies local treatment. Has an analgesic and anti-infective effect
solcoseryl- Available in the form of a gel or ointment. The gel is used when the wound is fresh, and the ointment is used when healing has begun. The drug reduces the likelihood of scar formation. Better to put under a bandage
actovegin– more cheap analogue solcoseryl. Successfully fights inflammation, practically does not cause allergic reactions. Therefore, it can be recommended for use by pregnant and lactating women. Can be applied directly to damaged skin
agrosulfan– provides bactericidal effect, has an antimicrobial and analgesic effect

Ointment for treating seams

naftaderm – has anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, it relieves pain and softens scars.
Contractubex - used when the healing of the suture begins. Has a softening, smoothing effect in the scar area
Mederma – helps increase tissue elasticity and lightens scars

Listed medicinal products prescribed by a doctor and used under his supervision. Remember that you cannot self-medicate postoperative sutures in order to prevent wound suppuration and further inflammation.

Plaster for healing postoperative sutures

One of effective means for the care of postoperative sutures is a plaster made on the basis of medical silicone. This is a soft self-adhesive plate that is fixed to the seam, connecting the edges of the fabric, and is suitable for minor damage to the skin.
The advantages of using the patch are as follows:

prevents pathogenic microorganisms from entering the wound
absorbs discharge from the wound
does not cause irritation
breathable, allowing the skin under the patch to breathe
Helps soften and smooth out scars
retains moisture well in fabrics, preventing drying out
prevents scar enlargement
easy to use
There is no skin injury when removing the patch

Some patches are waterproof, allowing the patient to shower without risk of suture damage. The most commonly used patches are:

cosmopore
mepilex
mepitak
hydrofilm
fixopore

For achievement positive results in the healing of postoperative sutures, this medical product must be applied correctly:

remove the protective film
apply the adhesive side to the seam area
change every other day
periodically peel off the patch and check the condition of the wound

We remind you that before using any pharmacological agent, you should consult your doctor.

Video: Treatment of postoperative suture

Get rid of postoperative scars, especially on open areas skin, not easy. Self-medication in this case helps little. Only the use of modern medical and cosmetic procedures makes scars a thing of the past for more patients.

Stages of formation

Scars after surgery can be present on any part of the body, having different size and depth. Typically, healing of a suture after surgery and formation of a scar takes from 1 month to 1 year.

After surgery on the face or other part of the body, two processes begin in the skin - the formation of connective tissue and its splitting. The duration of this biological mechanism depends on many factors: the location of the suture and its size, the characteristics of the patient’s body.

From the moment of surgery until complete healing, certain changes occur in the tissues, which are divided into 4 stages:

First – period from 1 to 10 days. At this stage, the edges of the wound are connected by granulation tissue rather than scar. If sutures are removed or the muscles are strained excessively, the wound may rupture.
Second – the period of fibrillogenesis and the formation of a fragile scar, takes from 10 days to 1 month. Granulation tissue is formed, the number of collagen and elastic fibers increases. By the end of the stage, a fragile scar with a large number of vessels appears at the suture site.
Third – formation of a durable scar, formed in the period from 30 to 90 days. The number of fibrous structures increases, and there are practically no cellular elements and vessels left in the scar tissue. With proper healing, the scar becomes less bright and less noticeable.
Fourth – scar transformation lasts from 3 months to 1 year. The scar tissue matures completely with the disappearance of blood vessels. In some cases, the scar is almost invisible. You can determine the possibility of scar correction and the prognosis for its complete elimination.

Types of scars

It's hard to remove scars after abdominal operations such as appendicitis, umbilical hernia, C-section or other abdominal surgery. The mark remains for life, and the scar can only be partially removed. Be careful when treating a scar after heart surgery, since any hardware intervention can disrupt the functioning of the organ.

In surgery, there are several types of scars:

Physiological – is formed during normal healing and the absence of postoperative complications. The seam is almost invisible, the color is close to the color of the skin. Such scars are formed on the back with small and shallow incisions.
Atrophic – appears during superficial incisions, after unsuccessful removal of a mole or papilloma. Outwardly, it resembles a small depression in the skin with uneven edges. Its appearance indicates insufficient collagen production in the body.
Hypertrophic – formed after burns, suppuration, lacerations or skin trauma. Also, the cause of its appearance may be appendectomy (removal of appendicitis ) or a predisposition to connective tissue proliferation. Externally, the seam protrudes above the surface of the skin and has a pink tint.
Keloid – looks like a tumor. Localized in the navel area, on the face, chest. Its formation is caused by burns, tattoos, removal of appendicitis, or trauma after soft tissue rupture. The scar has a bright red or bluish color and is firm to the touch. Over time, it fades and may sink into the skin.

Proper care of a postoperative scar

Removal of scars after surgery is carried out only after a certain time. Do not take any measures immediately after surgery. Methods of exposure should be chosen by the attending physician.

It is important to properly care for the suture after surgery. Initially, care is carried out in a hospital setting medical workers and is aimed at eliminating inflammation or suppuration. Rules for caring for scars depend on their location and the size of the stitches.

apply warm compresses to the suture area;
accept hot bath or visit the bathhouse for 3 weeks;
use scrubs or a hard washcloth;
scratch the wound;
touch the scar with your hands;
peel off the crust that appears;
use aggressive antiseptics.

More detailed tips Your doctor will give you instructions on how to care for your suture. In order for the scar to decrease in size and heal, it is important to behave correctly at home. How long a suture heals after surgery depends on its size and depth, but in any case you need to care for it daily.

If an umbilical hernia, appendicitis has been removed, or a postpartum suture is present, lifting heavy objects is strictly prohibited and physical exertion should be avoided.

Removal methods

There are two medical indications to remove scars. Firstly, if a suture is present on the face, and when it heals, deformation of the mouth or eyelid occurs. Secondly, when the seam causes psychological discomfort and is a pronounced cosmetic defect.

To ensure that the resorption of the scar after surgery is successful and that there are no obvious marks left on the body, doctors recommend several effective ways impact.

Drugs

The pharmaceutical industry offers big choice drugs to remove scarring on the skin. These medications are available in the form of ointments or gels. What to apply to the seam and for how long will depend on the size and depth of the damage.

Among effective drugs The following are distinguished:

Contractubex – combined gel based on onion extract. Its use relieves inflammation, inhibits cell growth, and softens scar tissue. Promotes wound healing, is well tolerated and has a rapid healing effect.
Gel and spray Kelo-kot – a preparation with silicone and polysiloxane. After application, a film appears in the seam area, which prevents the growth of scar tissue. It allows you to restore the water balance in the tissues, eliminates itching and a feeling of tightness. The drug is not applied to a healing postoperative wound.
Skargard – cream for scars after surgery. It has a resolving effect, reduces the scar after a month of treatment. The composition contains hydrocortisone, which has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.
Gel Fermenkol – consists of enzymes that break down collagen. The enzyme compound of the drug allows it to be used both in the early postoperative period and to eliminate old scars.

Cosmetology procedures

Scars can be treated using cosmetic procedures in a dermatocosmetologist's office. The following procedures are effective:

Dermabrasion – involves grinding the surface of the skin and removing excess connective tissue. Often used for hypertrophic scars. The procedure can be carried out using various substances and components - diamonds, lasers, mechanical means.
Grinding – allows you to remove a scar after several procedures, but is carried out only on the recommendation of a doctor. You cannot treat damaged skin surfaces on your own.
Cryodestruction (cold exposure) is a common method for removing scar tissue. Unlike grinding, it is carried out under the influence low temperatures. The procedure reduces the likelihood of fibrous tissue enlarging and growing.
Beech therapy – used to remove an old suture by irradiating the affected area. It has a complication in the form of a hyperpigmented stripe, which occurs after the procedure in 60% of patients.

Hardware and surgical methods

Postoperative scars can be removed surgically or using hardware. The procedures are performed in a hospital setting, where the patient remains under medical supervision for several days.

Plastic surgery provides the following opportunities:

Z-plasty – allows you to change the direction of the seam, making it more natural. Appendicitis is the main indication for the procedure, as are stitches on the face.
Flap surgery – complex procedure for scar removal. Intervention occurs not only in adipose tissue, but also in blood vessels, muscles.
Expander plastic – carried out to remove large scars. Expanders are placed in the area of the removed scar, i.e. silicone bags that prevent the skin from sagging.

There are other methods, but any intervention has certain risks that need to be excluded during consultation with a doctor.

Scars after surgery cause some discomfort, especially if they are present on the face or other visible part of the body. You can really cope with the problem if you don’t self-medicate after surgery. Polishing or healing ointments - a consultation with a cosmetologist or surgeon will help you make the right choice.

Useful video on how to remove scars after surgery

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