H1n1 flu cure of the year. Flu symptoms: comparison with ARVI. Why is the swine flu epidemic back?

Children, elderly people, pregnant women (especially in the 2nd and 3rd trimester), as well as people with weakened immune systems are most susceptible to infection with swine flu.

1.How is it transmitted?

Swine flu, like any other flu, is transmitted by airborne droplets(when breathing, sneezing, coughing, close contact with an infected person (from 1.5 to 2 meters)).

2. Swine flu symptoms:

In children — bluish color skin; fever and rash.

Other symptoms typical for adults:

• temperature more than 38 degrees, in severe form up to 40 degrees;
• confusion;
• runny nose or dryness of the nasal mucosa and pharynx;
• a sore throat;
• lack of air when breathing;
• heavy sweating;
• muscle and joint pain;
• photosensitivity;
• loss of appetite;
• stomach ache;
• vomit;
• diarrhea.

3.How to distinguish the symptoms of swine flu from a regular ARVI?

The symptoms of swine flu are similar to the symptoms of ARVI, only they are more complex and more aggressive. Swine flu can only be detected in a laboratory! However, it can be suspected if the temperature is consistently high for several days, which is difficult to reduce.

If you suspect that you have symptoms of swine flu, immediately consult a doctor in order to prevent the consequences of complications, the worst of which is pneumonia.

The normal course of the disease lasts up to 10 days, of which the first 4 days are a febrile period, and the rest are stabilization of the body.

4. Post-infectious period

Within 2-3 weeks, after recovery, symptoms are characteristic: fatigue, weakness, headache, irritability, insomnia, etc.

5. Prevention of swine flu

Prevention and treatment of swine flu is fundamentally no different from the prevention and treatment of seasonal flu:

• ventilate the room;
• drink more water (in this case, our article will help you « « );
• periodically disinfect your phone, keyboard, and other equipment, especially if you work in a large office with a constant flow of people;
• Wash your hands often with soap or use hand sanitizer;
• take complex multivitamins, especially in the spring;
• avoid crowded places (pharmacies, public transport, etc.);

If one of your family members is already sick:

• isolate healthy family members if possible (young children can be taken to their grandmother, wear a gauze bandage), let one person care for the sick person;
• give the patient a set of things individual use(your own towel, your own plate and mug, etc.);
• wash your hands more often and/or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer;
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with your hands. That's exactly how it exists Great chance become infected;

6. Treatment at home

Of course, you should not self-medicate. But at the first signs of the flu, you need to:

1. apply measures to reduce the temperature, then call a doctor. Temperature is reduced by rubbing the body warm water, drinking plenty of fluids water and taking antipyretic drugs (paracetamol, Nurofen, ibuprofen, Coldrex, etc.);
2. swine flu is characterized by damage to the respiratory system, so it is worth using expectorants to cleanse the oral cavity;
3. increase your vitamin C intake ( ascorbic acid, oranges, lemons, etc.). This will help the body quickly cope with viruses in the body.

At early treatment see a doctor, identify swine flu and prescribe treatment, the period of illness will be short (4-5 days). If treatment is delayed, complications may occur.

Doctors in all regions of the country announced an epidemic of insidious and dangerous disease. In Russia, swine flu 2016 (H1N1) is already rampant in many cities. There are several dozen cases of fatal illnesses known. The total number of patients with a new type of influenza is growing every day. How to protect yourself from swine flu and how to treat it if the virus has entered the body of children and adults? Is the new disease more dangerous than the usual form of influenza? Read about all this in this article.

Swine flu symptoms 2016

On early stage The development of the swine virus is practically no different from the usual flu, and the symptoms are, accordingly, the same as those of the typical form of the disease: a high temperature rises sharply (within 2-3 hours it rises to 40 degrees), dizziness, a person feels weak, chills , the whole body aches. A runny nose and dry cough may appear only on the second day. Eye redness and irritability are also noted. All of these are, again, symptoms of the usual form of the flu. What is added to them for the H1N1 virus (swine flu)?

On the second and third days of swine flu, a severe headache in the forehead area begins to ache. You can't open your eyes wide - it's starting sharp pain. The patient may also experience shortness of breath (more often in older people) and difficulty breathing (when it is impossible to take a deep breath).

It is important to understand that most people die not from the H1N1 virus itself, but from its complications, for example, in the form of transient bacterial pneumonia.

Signs of swine flu in an adult

All signs of this type of flu include symptoms of its usual form, plus there are distinctive features diseases. In adults, swine flu 2016 is characterized by the following symptoms:

High (up to 40 degrees) temperature (not observed in all patients)
- Chills and weakness
- Diarrhea, vomiting
- Stuffy nose and dry cough (may appear on the second or third day)
- Body aches
- Photophobia, pain when opening the eyes wide
- Nose bleed
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
- Irritability and severe fatigue

If you find these signs in yourself, try to stay at home as long as possible until complete recovery.

Important: Despite the fact that swine flu in Russia has gained significant momentum, doctors urge not to panic, but to take advantage available means prevention.

Signs of swine flu in a child

In children, swine flu 2016 manifests itself in the same way as in adults - in addition to the symptoms of regular flu, difficulty breathing and, possibly, chest pain are added. It is not difficult to distinguish a child who has an acute respiratory viral infection or the flu from a healthy one: his activity decreases, there is no desire to play, and it is difficult for the baby to wake up in the morning. Parents should be very careful about the health of their children, especially when there is an epidemic of the H1N1 virus (swine flu). In case of illness, immediately contact a doctor who will diagnose accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment.

Treatment of swine flu

During treatment, spend more time at home and follow bed rest, since carrying this disease on your feet is very life-threatening. Be sure to consult a doctor so that he can prescribe everything necessary medications. Use at home Herb tea with lemon and ginger and drink more water.

How to treat swine flu (medicine)

Under no circumstances should treatment be carried out using antibiotics. First of all, buy it at the pharmacy antiviral drugs: Tamiflu and Zanamivir. These drugs act specifically on the virus itself. In addition, you need to use Ingavirin, as well as expectorant and antipyretic tablets (Paracetamol). “Nazivin” will help for a runny nose, and “Sinekod” for a cough. Antibiotics should be prescribed by a doctor and only in case of complications such as pneumonia.

Try not to treat yourself, as such treatment can lead to severe consequences. Folk remedies extremely undesirable for swine flu.

Prevention of swine flu: drugs

Prevention includes following methods protection:

Use oxolinic or viferon ointment. Since the influenza virus most often enters the body through the nasal mucosa, it is useful to treat the nose with a protective ointment.
- Wash your hands often with soap. Especially if you have to use public transport every day or visit various places where people frequent.
- Eat oranges, lemon, ginger, garlic and onions. This way you will boost your immunity.
- Ventilate the rooms daily and wet clean them once a week.

Follow the tips that we have prepared for you in this article, and then you can easily overcome swine flu 2016. Be healthy!

The severity of the consequences of the flu can be called viral systemic disease, since it has a detrimental effect on the entire body:

• respiratory organs suffer;
• joints hurt (infectious arthritis develops in them);
• possible severe complications(on the heart, lungs, kidneys, hearing and respiratory organs, central nervous system).

The H1N1 flu, called “California” and “swine”, has been known to the world’s population since 2009. Then it led to serious panic, a shortage of protective masks and antiviral drugs, and feverish purchases by countries of the expensive Swiss drug Tamiflu (oseltamivir). Humanity was preparing for a long-awaited pandemic, and now it seemed to have arrived. But in 2010, PACE issued an official statement, denying not even the fact of a pandemic, but the fact of a simple epidemic in 2009, stating that in previous years the mortality rate from influenza was even higher. Thus, many perceived the “failed” epidemic as a commercial campaign by pharmaceutical campaigns that cleverly pushed the stale drug Tamiflu to the world.
But now we have waited for the new arrival of a deadly virus. News about the epidemic in Ukraine, which, according to official data, killed 51 people, and according to unofficial data, over 100 people, and about the first twenty victims in Russia are in the top current news.

Recently, in Zaporozhye, at the age of 77, the world-famous weightlifter Leonid Zhabotinsky died of swine flu: he contracted it in the hospital where he underwent surgery after a broken leg. The son of the famous champion said that dad spent four months there, suffered a stroke following the operation, and burned out from the flu in two days.

How does the 2016 swine flu differ from its predecessor, 2009?

Nothing special, except what experts say:

• about its mutations;
• ability to be transmitted from person to person (it is not clear: did those who became ill in 2009 catch the flu exclusively from pigs?);
• the overwhelming majority of those sick with H1N1, and not ARVI (in 2009 there were more cases of ARVI);

If we look up the statistics for 2009, they are as follows for Russia:

• Officially, the first case of swine flu appeared on May 22.
• First death from H1N1 - September 23.
• In just ten months, 545 people died from ARVI and influenza.
• The number of officially registered swine flu patients by November 10, 2009 was 4,563 people.
• The number of deaths from influenza up to November 24 is 125 people.
• The mortality rate from influenza was 2.7%.

At the same time, both epidemics are painfully similar:

• The H1N1 flu causes a complication in the form of pneumonia that develops rapidly, literally by the hour.
• Conflicting statistics.
• Panic and rumors. For example, in Ukraine the following are used:
  • they will spray something from airplanes prophylactic from the flu;
  • the virus was bred by scientists who are enemies of Ukraine in order to spray it over the western regions;
  • people saw planes flying and spraying something, etc.
• Shortage of protective equipment:
  • Ukrainian nurses are forced by their bosses to sew at least three bandages per working day at home.

Reminder: protection against swine flu

You need to protect yourself from the flu both individually and as a whole world as soon as a new one is discovered. dangerous virus. From this moment on, the development of a new vaccine begins.

Vaccination.

• The vaccine does not guarantee that the vaccinated patient will not get sick: it protects against several strains of seasonal flu, and the developers cannot guess which one will be this year, plus the viruses themselves mutate. But still, vaccinated citizens are less likely to get sick, and even if this happens, the flu is usually easier to tolerate.
• Vaccination should be done before the epidemic, and not at its height, and if the person is already sick. (Now it is most likely useless to get vaccinated).

Wearing a mask.

• It is usually worn by healthy people, but in order not to infect surrounding healthy people, a sick person needs to wear a mask.
• For healthy mask remains a means of flu prevention: you need to wear it when visiting public places(in transport, clinic, store).

Hygiene.

Although the virus is transmitted by airborne droplets, the indirect transmitter is the hands:

• The hands of a patient are usually full of viruses. He touches other objects with them (handrails, handles, etc.), which are then taken up healthy people.
• Infection occurs when a person touches with dirty hands to his face or takes food with them.
• The requirement to wash your hands many times a day is not an empty phrase. This is protection against the flu.
• Must be carried with you wet wipes and wipe your hands with them while outside the home.
• Refusing to shake hands during the flu is not an act of impoliteness, but a manifestation of education and love for one's neighbor.

Fresh air.

The influenza virus loves warm rooms with stagnant, dry air, so during an epidemic you need to be outside as much as possible. fresh air.
Remember that your enemy during the flu is not a draft, but a closed window:

• If there is a sick person in the house, and the room is clogged, then soon everyone will get sick.
• If you are not yet sick, but just brought the virus with you, then in an unventilated, warm apartment it will begin to multiply at wild speed.

Maintain optimal temperature and humidity in the room:

• temperature - 20 °C (quite cool, but this is the healthiest temperature during the epidemic season);
• humidity - 50 - 70%.

At home in winter increased dryness, so it is advisable to have a humidifier or keep containers of water open.

Healthy mucous membranes.

The normal condition of the mucous membranes is the primary protection. We are talking not only about microbes, but about dry mucous membranes, which is often observed in winter for the following reasons:

• dry air;
• medication use:
  • drops in the nose, for example, naphthyzine;
  • diphenhydramine, suprastin, etc.

It is good to moisturize the mucous membranes with a spray, using any bottle of spray drops:

• Physiological or normal brine(a teaspoon of salt per liter of water) pour into a bottle.
• Spray the solution into the nose as often as possible, especially in crowded places.

Arriving home, you need to do a “general” rinse of the nose to remove the viruses that have settled in it:

• holding one nostril closed, “drink” the saline solution with the other;
• repeat the same with the second nostril.

Flu symptoms: comparison with ARVI

The symptoms of ARVI and influenza are very similar. The main differences relate to the general condition of patients, temperature, onset and duration of the disease:

ARVI symptoms

• For ARVI general state overall may be satisfactory, despite weakness. Prevail local signs- sore throat, runny nose, cough.
• ARVI begins with a slight sore throat, nasal congestion, and coughing. Then the symptoms gradually increase over the course of one or two days.
• The temperature rarely reaches values ​​above 38.5°C and lasts for two to three days.
• Symptoms of a runny nose, sneezing, watery eyes appear, and a dry cough intensifies (after a week it becomes productive with sputum).
• There is a coating on the mucous membranes, redness and looseness of the throat.
• ARVI goes away on average in a week.
• Recovery occurs immediately - the patient is actively involved in his previous life.

Swine flu symptoms

• The general condition is serious:
  • Possible nausea, vomiting, joint and muscle pain, headaches - symptoms of intoxication;
  • chills, sweating, increased sensitivity to light and eye pain;
  • complete loss of strength.
• Lightning-fast onset with a rise in temperature to high values ​​and deterioration of well-being within a few hours.
• The temperature rises to 39° and above and lasts for about five days, reacting poorly to antipyretics.
• Symptoms of a runny nose and nasal congestion are absent with a sore throat.
• Dry cough almost from the first hours.
• Swine flu causes complications:
  • viral pneumonia (in advanced form it is irreversible);
  • thrombosis (increased blood clotting).
• The duration of the acute period of influenza is from a week to ten days.
• Recovery occurs slowly, within two to three weeks after the acute period:
  • All this time, the person who has recovered from the disease continues to feel tired and weak.

Swine flu 2016: how to treat it

There is still no cure for influenza.

• Antibodies of the body's immune system fight viruses, so flu treatment is done by strengthening the immune system.
• Except own strength the body, antiviral agents help, destroying the structure of the virus and preventing their reproduction, but each type of influenza requires its own medicines.
• Antibiotics cannot treat the flu - they are useless and can lead to complications.

You can eat garlic, drink tea with lemon, ginger root - all this is useful, but it is a prevention, not a cure, if a person is already sick.

H1N1 flu drugs

The only effective antiviral drug for H1N1 flu there is still Tamiflu (oseltamivir) - not to be confused with Theraflu!

There is also zanamivir, but it is difficult to find in domestic pharmacies.

• The action of Tamiflu is based on blocking neuraminidase, a protein that is part of the H1N1 virus.
• You need to take Tamiflu in the first two days of illness - in the subsequent days, its effectiveness, like any antiviral drug, sharply decreases.
• You cannot take it as self-medication and “just in case”, since the medicine has many serious side effects.
• The medicine is prescribed by a doctor for severe cases of influenza or for patients at risk (elderly, debilitated, chronically ill, asthmatics, etc.).

Tamiflu is mainly distributed to hospitals, and this is doubly reasonable:

• medicine in a pharmacy is expensive, but in a hospital it should be free;
• the dose is prescribed when it is really needed.

In most cases, H1N1 influenza is relatively mild due to defense forces body: statistics speak about this, so most patients do not need Tamiflu or zanamavir.

• Bed rest from the very first day: no courageous dedication at work with additional infection of others:
  • Most flu victims are workaholics who suffer from the disease on the go.
• If you have flu symptoms, it is preferable to call a doctor or an ambulance at home:
  • Sitting in line for many hours will add three extra viruses to the patient, including the same H1N1, which the person may not have had when entering the clinic.
• The patient needs to be well wrapped, but the room itself should be fresh and humid:
  • it is necessary to ventilate the room where the patient lies several times a day;
  • constant humidification of the indoor air is required.
• Drinking a lot - required condition treatment. You need to drink not just a lot, but a lot:
  • teas with chamomile, calendula, linden, raspberry, black currant;
  • compotes from apples, dried fruits, dried apricots;
  • rosehip decoctions;
  • milk with honey and soda.
• It is unnecessary for a patient to eat food until he wants to. Therefore, you should not persuade children to eat “for strength,” especially children.
• There is no need to lower the temperature above 38 - 38.5 degrees: at high temperatures, viruses die en masse.
  • Fever above 39 in children with flu is reduced with paracetamol or ibuprofen: taking aspirin is dangerous!
  • If the temperature is below forty, wiping the patient’s forehead, hands and feet with a vinegar or alcohol solution will alleviate the condition.

When is it necessary to call a doctor?

However, in practice, during an epidemic, it is not easy to wait for a health worker to arrive - there are not enough of them for all the patients. Family doctor He just doesn’t physically have time to get around all the patients. With ARVI, a delay of 10-20 hours is not scary, but with the flu it is life-threatening.

The increase in cases of viral infections such as influenza has some periodicity. Exacerbations occur annually at the change of seasons. It should also be noted that the virus tends to develop, its strain is constantly changing, which requires the creation of new vaccines. Experts predict a fairly high number of cases. It is expected that their level will exceed the indicators of previous years. But if the cold snap turns out to be sharp enough, this situation can be avoided.

Experts expect that the so-called viral profile will remain the same. That is, the same groups as the past few years will dominate the seasonal surge. The A-virus will be the main one; cases of infection with the B-virus will be sporadic. However, if forecasts about peak rates are confirmed, new mutations may appear, which will significantly complicate the situation in subsequent years, as well as increase the number of patients and the mortality rate among them.

On this moment standard strains are expected to enter the country every year. Scientists say H3N2 and H1N1 will predominate. Therefore, treatment will not be a problem.

Complications

Although the emergence of serious strains is unlikely, common flu can also be dangerous. He is capable of attracting serious complications which significantly undermine the health of the patient. The most dangerous and probable include the following:

• the course of the disease can cause inflammation of the lungs - pneumonia;
• Also, often due to the flu, inflammation of the ear is observed - otitis media;
• the load on the body can cause inflammation of the heart - myocarditis;
• inflammation of areas of the lining of the brain - meningoencephalitis;
• renal inflammation - glomerulonephritis.

They are usually the consequences improper treatment, neglect medical assistance, violation of the prescribed treatment regimen. To reduce the risk of disease, experts advise doing everything necessary vaccinations from this virus. It is recommended to go this procedure one month before normal deadline exacerbation of colds, ARVI and other viral respiratory diseases population.

Signs of influenza in 2018 in adults and children

Next year, as this year, standard strains are expected, that is, the already mentioned H3N2 and H1N1. It follows from this that the symptoms of influenza will not differ from the symptoms of previous years. The incubation period of the virus can last up to 5 days, but there are cases when 12 hours is enough for the pathogen. Symptoms increase quite quickly and can fully appear within five days. These include:

1. Local manifestations of headaches. The areas that patients most often complain about are the eyes, temples and forehead.
2. Fatigue and general weakness.
3. Drowsiness and constant shortage energy.
4. Muscle aches.
5. The appearance of chills, even in a warm room.
6. Temperature that does not subside for about 5 days, sometimes reaching 41 degrees.
7. Difficulty breathing and stuffy nose.
8. Cutting pain in throat. Sometimes dull pain in the lungs.
9. Disorders digestive system manifested by nausea and diarrhea. Occasionally, vomiting is possible.

The first signs of this disease should be the reason to go to the doctor. The infection cannot be started, otherwise there is a high probability of the complications already mentioned above. You should also look at the symptoms of other types of influenza diseases. The likelihood of their appearance is insignificant, but such information will not be superfluous. Here are the signs stomach flu. These include:

1. A sharp rise in temperature and signs of fever.
2. The appearance of diarrhea and vomiting. The color of these discharges may change. For example, the appearance of blood in the stool.
3. Spasmodic pain varying intensity in the abdominal cavity.
4. Signs of respiratory injection. Runny nose, sneezing and cutting pains throat.
5. Weakness.
6. Lack of appetite.
7. Possible pressure drops.

This disease is most likely to occur in children. Similar symptoms at stomach flu. The difference is that the stool may have a yellow tint with an accompanying acidic odor. One of the most severe is the avian strain H5N1. It can be recognized by:

1. Fever. Temperature rises to 39 degrees.
2. Dry cough.
3. Manifestation of headache.
4. Muscle aches.
5. Pharyngitis.
6. Conjunctivitis.
7. Particularly severe cases are characterized by difficulty breathing and vomiting. Often the condition progresses to pneumonia and often leads to the death of the patient.

The number of deaths, according to unconfirmed data, is about 60%. Therefore, even the slightest manifestations of viruses of this group should not be neglected. Here are also the symptoms of swine flu:

1. This variety makes itself felt with high temperatures. Usually its level reaches 38 degrees, but in severe forms it rises to 41 degrees.
2. As with other types, sore throat is observed.
3. Swine flu is also characterized by a barking, painful, dry cough.
4. Feel dull pain in the area of ​​the sternum.
5. The nasopharyngeal mucosa dries out.
6. Aches all over the body. Joints and muscles hurt.
7. Constant feeling of weakness throughout the body.
8. Abdominal pain.
9. Headache.

The disease can occur in mild form. IN in this case most of it characteristic features will be mild. Tangibly listed symptoms make themselves known when moderate severity this disease. IN severe cases the temperature rises to 40.5-41 degrees. The patient experiences seizures and convulsions. In addition, patients experience hallucinations. IN individual situations there is vomiting.

Influenza is a fairly common infectious disease, defeating bronchi, severe toxicosis of the body and a very unpleasant punitive phenomenon. The infection affects men and women of all age groups and annually, especially in cold autumn and winter periods, causes massive epidemics that “cover” approximately 15% of people living on Earth.

A little history of influenza until 2019

The first documented influenza epidemic dates back to 1580. Then this disease literally “mowed down” people in batches, partly due to the fact that in those distant times humanity knew little about viral infections and the prevention of combating them. During the period 1918-1920, the pandemic of this infectious disease, which appeared in severe form, even received the peculiar name “Spanish flu”. In these two years we recorded very high level mortality from influenza. Young, strong and healthy people almost immediately suffered from pulmonary edema, and then “burned out” before our eyes in a matter of days.

Despite its nature and regular negative effect on people, the viral component of influenza was first identified in 1933. It was then that three English scientists managed to isolate specific form virus, which had a very unpleasant feeling V respiratory tract experimental hamsters. This one is viral infectious agent Influenza A received its first name. A little later (in 1940), another group of scientists managed to discover influenza B, and then in 1947, the third, most common and widespread type of this infection was found - influenza C.

It was then that scientists were able to determine that a viral infection of this type is very long time can “live” at sub-zero temperatures (from -25 to -70 degrees Celsius), while at the same time, even a few hours spent at room temperature almost completely kill this infection. It is also destroyed during drying, exposure to chlorine, ultraviolet lighting, heating, and exposure to ozone.

How can you get infected?

The most common source of viral infection is a previously infected person. At the same time, he can have both obvious signs of the disease and act as a carrier who does not show any complications. It is important to note that the infection is transmitted through the air in the form of microscopic droplets released by sick people when they sneeze, cough, and even talk. An already infected person poses the maximum level of danger in the first days of infection, when the virus is still in the incubation period. If the form of the disease is not complex, then after 5-6 days the sick person does not pose a danger to others. If pneumonia appears, then the likelihood of catching an infection from a sick person rapidly increases and can persist for up to three weeks from the moment the infection enters the body.

The likelihood of catching the virus increases greatly in autumn and winter, when it is wet and cold outside. As statistics show, epidemics of influenza type A occur every 2-3 years, which occur on an explosive basis, when up to 50% of the population can fall ill over a period of a month and a half. Influenza B behaves somewhat differently. It progresses more slowly (up to 3 months), usually affecting up to 25% of the population.

Forms of the disease

The incidence of influenza can occur in different ways. It depends on many factors, and is divided into the following basic forms.

1. Light form. The most common. The human body temperature does not rise above 38 degrees, there are mild symptoms of intoxication, or there are none at all.
2. Medium severity. Here the temperature human body is at the level of 38.5 - 39.5 degrees, there is a classic set of intoxication, expressed in a fairly severe headache, weakness, pain in the joints, muscles, copious discharge sweat. The nose is stuffy, the throat becomes red and swollen, the person's voice becomes hoarse, and there is a constant dry cough.
3. Severe form. It is accompanied by very pronounced intoxication of the body, the body temperature goes beyond 40 degrees, convulsions, hallucinations, vomiting begin to appear, and often the person’s nose begins to bleed.

Hypertoxic form. With this form, the body temperature does not drop below 40 degrees. Symptoms of body intoxication are expressed to the maximum, as a result of which toxicosis spreads to the nervous system. Quite often at this stage of the disease the brain begins to swell, and a person can even get an infectious-toxic shock. In many cases, at this stage of the disease, a person begins to respiratory failure.

Lightning form. This type of disease is dangerous because it can be fatal for the patient. This form of infection affects people who have weakened immune system, or with a specific type congenital pathology. Often the disease is accompanied by pulmonary edema, brain activity is disrupted, and heavy bleeding, respiratory failure, as well as other very dangerous complications.

Symptoms and signs of influenza 2019

The peculiarity of the flu is that it literally takes over the body almost immediately after it enters. The virus has a very small incubation period, which can last from several hours to 5 days. After this, the person begins to experience some discomfort, as well as clinical symptoms diseases. The very first and, perhaps, most important sign that a person is starting to get sick is an increase in body temperature. In addition, the body’s condition begins to deteriorate

Symptoms of influenza in an adult

• quite severe headache;
• Patients almost always experience chills;
• breathing accompanies a dry cough;
• muscle and joint pain;
• unpleasant dryness in the nasopharynx;
• practically complete absence appetite;
• unreasonable fear of light;
• unpleasant sore throat;
• unusually increased sweating;
• weakness of the whole body;
• specific pain behind the sternum.

Flu symptoms in children

In addition, in order to promptly detect a disease in a child and take preventive measures to treat it, you should show your baby to a doctor if you begin to observe the following symptoms:

• the child developed shortness of breath, his breathing became difficult;
• nasal congestion begins, the timbre of the voice changes;
• the baby’s skin color has changed to bluish or slightly grayish;
• the child began to refuse to drink liquids;
• vomiting began without any reason;
• the reaction to others disappeared, the baby became withdrawn, sleeps more than usual;
• a high level of overexcitation appeared;
• The baby began to have a dry “barking” cough or a feverish state with an increase in temperature.

It should be noted that, unlike a regular acute respiratory infection, when all the symptoms of the disease and its course occur relatively smoothly and gradually, in the case of influenza the disease develops quite rapidly, progressing almost immediately and providing its “ward” with a very unpleasant condition. In this case, such a febrile state, as a rule, lasts for the first 2-6 days, after which a period of stabilization begins. You need to understand that high body temperature for several days in a row can cause various kinds complications, so you shouldn’t hesitate to visit a doctor if you get the flu.

Influenza virus strains expected in 2019–2020

Considering the cyclical nature of influenza disease, scientists have learned to accurately predict possible manifestations certain strains of viral infections in order to minimize Negative consequences their impact on people.

And next year the following types of infections are expected:

H1N1 is a strain that is a subtype of the well-known swine flu. He gained his fame in 2009, when he caused a very high-profile epidemic that covered almost the entire population of the planet. The danger of this viral infection is that it can cause numerous complications, some of which can even lead to fatal outcome. As an example, some of these complications are: pneumonia, inflammatory processes in the brain area, as well as sinusitis.

H3N2 is a strain that is a subtype of influenza A. It is important to note that global epidemics have not been observed with this virus before, which is why scientists call it “young.” The unusual nature of this infection is that today it is still little studied, and its main “weapon” is defeat vascular system organism, something that has not yet been encountered on a global scale.

The Yamagata virus is a strain that is a subtype of influenza B. And although most health experts do not call it the most dangerous due to the fact that no complications have previously been observed with it, nevertheless, due to the difficulty of detecting it and diagnostics, it can create a fairly large number of problems for doctors if it develops into an epidemic.

A little about flu treatment

Treatment of influenza has its own characteristics. When an acute period of illness begins, it is advisable to “wait it out” by taking bed rest. The truth in modern world Few people resort to this method anymore, trying to “drown out” unpleasant symptoms various kinds medicines. The danger with this decision is that in this case you are literally forcing your body to work with double force, increasing the load on the heart and other vital functions. important organs, which can cause various kinds of complications in the future.

It should be noted that mild treatment and moderate forms can be performed at home. And in the event of more severe forms of the disease, you should immediately contact a medical institution for hospitalization. During the treatment of influenza infection, it is recommended to drink plenty of warm drinks in the form of tea, compotes, fruit drinks, and juices. Here, various antiviral agents, such as anaferon, arbidol, or rimantadine, viferon or groprinosin, should be used comprehensively.

If a person has a fever, he should start taking antipyretic drugs, the most common of which are paracetamol or ibuprofen. It is important to remember that such drugs should be taken if the body temperature rises above 38 degrees.

You should fight a runny nose by using various salt or vasoconstrictor drops. Their list can include no-sol, quix, farmazolin, as well as rhinazolin, vibrocil, nazol and others.

To strengthen your immune system, you should take fortified preparations. It is important to understand that flu symptoms and consequences long absence their treatments can cause very unpleasant complications Therefore, it is very important to promptly seek medical help and begin a course of treatment with minimal manifestations of the infectious disease. If in large quantities Children start getting sick in schools, like in Moscow for example.

Do not forget that treatment for influenza in children is somewhat different than treatment for adults. Therefore, already at the first manifestations of the disease you should:

• call the local pediatrician, or take the child to the hospital;
• regularly monitor the baby’s body temperature, and if it has crossed the mark of 37.5 degrees, start giving him an antipyretic;
• There is no need to try to give your child antibiotics, especially in the early stages of the flu. During this period they are simply useless. Their use is practiced in case of complications caused by infection, such as pneumonia, bronchitis and others;
• abandon the practice of forcing the baby to eat if he has lost his appetite, while increasing the amount of plentiful warm drink is mandatory;
• when high temperature and lack of response to antipyretics, you should immediately call an ambulance.

In any case, remember that even with minimal symptoms of a viral infection, you should not begin self-medication and hope that you will be able to “pass” this period. Very often, this approach causes serious complications in your body and can even cause irreversible consequences, when a person can even become disabled.

Flu prevention

Given that the fight against influenza has been going on for quite some time, many people have learned that if you stick to the right image life, harden the body, avoid certain places, you can significantly reduce the risk of disease and provide yourself with fairly high guarantees that you will be on the list of people who escaped the epidemic.

It should be noted that the rules of such behavior and way of life are very simple and accessible to every person.

If you find yourself in a region affected by an infectious epidemic, avoid crowded places, in particular large shopping centers, public transport, minimize the likelihood of prolonged exposure to crowds on the street, try not to directly contact people who already have symptoms similar to a viral infection.

Take care of your hygiene, do not forget to wash your hands regularly using soap. If it is not possible to wash your hands or clean any surface, you should use special alcohol-based wipes for these purposes. Make it a rule not to touch your nose, eyes, oral cavity with unwashed hands or not wiped with a special napkin.

Carefully monitor the condition of your body, pay attention to minimal changes in your condition or the condition of your family and friends. If there are any changes, immediately measure your body temperature in order to be able to detect the disease at the earliest stages.

Ensure regular ventilation of your home; during an epidemic, wash floors with disinfectants daily.

Keep up the good physical fitness, lead healthy image life, eat right, allocate the necessary amount of time for sleep, avoid various stressful situations.

Take fortified medications, eat fruits, berries, and natural products.

To ensure high guarantees of your body’s resistance to various viral infections Get a special flu shot. A the best vaccination the body against the flu is a healthy lifestyle, sports and positive emotions!

A healthy mind creates a healthy body!!!