Mentally unbalanced person. Unbalanced man

Sometimes it seems that close person gone crazy.

Or it starts to go away. How to determine that “the roof has gone crazy” and it’s not your imagination?

In this article, you will learn about the 10 main symptoms of mental disorders.

There is a joke among people: “There are no mentally healthy people, there are underexamined ones.” This means that individual signs of mental disorders can be found in the behavior of any person, and the main thing is not to fall into a manic search for corresponding symptoms in others.

And the point is not even that a person can become dangerous to society or himself. Some mental disorders arise as a consequence of organic brain damage, which requires immediate treatment. Delay can cost a person not only mental health, but also life.

Some symptoms, on the contrary, are sometimes regarded by others as manifestations bad character, promiscuity or laziness, when in fact they are manifestations of illness.

In particular, depression is not considered by many to be a disease requiring serious treatment. “Pull yourself together! Stop whining! You are a weakling, you should be ashamed! Stop digging into yourself and everything will pass!” - this is how relatives and friends exhort the patient. And he needs specialist help and long-term treatment, otherwise you won’t get out.

Offensive senile dementia or early symptoms Alzheimer's disease can also be mistaken for age-related decline intelligence or bad character, but in fact it’s time to start looking for a nurse to look after the patient.

How can you determine whether you should worry about a relative, colleague, or friend?

Signs of a mental disorder

This condition can accompany any mental disorder and many of them. somatic diseases. Asthenia is expressed in weakness, low performance, mood swings, hypersensitivity. A person begins to cry easily, becomes instantly irritated and loses self-control. Asthenia is often accompanied by sleep disturbances.

Obsessive states

IN wide range Obsessions include many manifestations: from constant doubts, fears that a person is not able to cope with, to an irresistible desire for cleanliness or performing certain actions.

Under power obsessive-compulsive disorder a person may return home several times to check whether he has turned off the iron, gas, water, or whether he has locked the door. Obsessive fear an accident may force the patient to perform certain rituals, which, according to the sufferer, can ward off trouble. If you notice that your friend or relative washes their hands for hours, has become overly squeamish and is always afraid of getting infected with something, this is also an obsession. The desire not to step on cracks in the asphalt, tile joints, avoidance certain types transport or people wearing clothes of a certain color or type is also an obsessive state.

Mood changes

Melancholy, depression, a desire for self-recrimination, talk about one’s own worthlessness or sinfulness, and about death can also be symptoms of the disease. You should also pay attention to other manifestations of inadequacy:

• Unnatural frivolity, carelessness.
• Foolishness, not typical of age and character.
• A euphoric state, optimism that has no basis.
• Fussiness, talkativeness, inability to concentrate, chaotic thinking.
• Heightened self-esteem.
• Projecting.
• Increased sexuality, extinction of natural shyness, inability to restrain sexual desires.

You have cause for concern if your loved one begins to complain of unusual sensations in the body. They can be extremely unpleasant or downright annoying. These are sensations of squeezing, burning, moving “something inside”, “rustling in the head”. Sometimes such sensations can be a consequence of very real somatic diseases, but often senestopathies indicate the presence of hypochondriacal syndrome.

Hypochondria

Expressed in manic preoccupation with the condition own health. Examinations and test results may indicate the absence of diseases, but the patient does not believe it and requires more and more examinations and serious treatment. A person talks almost exclusively about his well-being, does not leave clinics and demands to be treated as a patient. Hypochondria is common hand goes hand in hand with depression.

Illusions

There is no need to confuse illusions and hallucinations. Illusions force a person to perceive real objects and phenomena in a distorted form, while with hallucinations a person perceives something that does not really exist.

Examples of illusions:

• the pattern on the wallpaper seems to be a tangle of snakes or worms;
• the size of objects is perceived in a distorted form;
• the patter of raindrops on the windowsill seems like the careful steps of someone scary;
• the shadows of the trees turn into terrible creatures creeping up with frightening intentions, etc.

If outsiders may not be aware of the presence of illusions, then the susceptibility to hallucinations may manifest itself more noticeably.

Hallucinations can affect all senses, that is, be visual and auditory, tactile and gustatory, olfactory and general, and also be combined in any combination. To the patient, everything he sees, hears and feels seems completely real. He may not believe that those around him do not feel, hear, or see all this. He may perceive their bewilderment as a conspiracy, deception, mockery, and become annoyed that he is not understood.

At auditory hallucinations man hears various kinds noise, fragments of words or coherent phrases. “Voices” can give commands or comment on the patient’s every action, laugh at him or discuss his thoughts.

Flavoring and olfactory hallucinations often cause a sensation of unpleasant properties: disgusting taste or smell.

With tactile hallucinations, the patient thinks that someone is biting, touching, strangling him, that insects are crawling on him, that some creatures are inserting themselves into his body and moving there or eating the body from the inside.

Externally, susceptibility to hallucinations is expressed in conversations with an invisible interlocutor, sudden laughter or constant intense listening to something. The patient may constantly shake something off himself, scream, look around himself with a worried look, or ask others if they see something on his body or in the surrounding space.

Rave

Delusional states often accompany psychosis. Delusion is based on erroneous judgments, and the patient stubbornly maintains his false belief, even if there are obvious contradictions with reality. Delusional ideas acquire super-value, significance that determines all behavior.

Delusional disorders can be expressed in erotic form, or in conviction of one's great mission, in descent from a noble family or aliens. The patient may feel that someone is trying to kill or poison him, rob or kidnap him. Sometimes development delirious state preceded by a feeling of unreality of the surrounding world or one’s own personality.

Hoarding or excessive generosity

Yes, any collector can be under suspicion. Especially in cases where collecting becomes obsession, subjugates a person’s entire life. This can be expressed in the desire to drag things found in garbage dumps into the house, hoard food without paying attention to expiration dates, or pick up stray animals in quantities that exceed the ability to provide them with normal care and proper maintenance.

The desire to give away all your property and excessive spending can also be regarded as a suspicious symptom. Especially in the case when a person has not previously been distinguished by generosity or altruism.

There are people who are unsociable and unsociable due to their character. This is normal and should not raise suspicions of schizophrenia or other mental disorders. But if a born cheerful person, the life of the party, a family man and good friend suddenly begins to destroy social connections, becomes unsociable, shows coldness towards those who were recently dear to him - this is a reason to worry about his mental health.

A person becomes sloppy, stops taking care of himself, and in society can begin to behave shockingly - commit acts that are considered indecent and unacceptable.

What to do?

Very hard to accept correct solution in the event that there are suspicions of a mental disorder in someone close to you. Perhaps the person simply difficult period in life, and his behavior changed precisely because of this. Things will get better - and everything will return to normal.

But it may turn out that the symptoms you notice are a manifestation of a serious illness that needs to be treated. In particular, oncological diseases brain in most cases lead to one or another mental disorders. Delay in starting treatment can be fatal in this case.

Other diseases also need to be treated in a timely manner, but the patient himself may not notice the changes happening to him, and only those close to him will be able to influence the state of affairs.

However, there is another option: the tendency to see everyone around as potential patients of a psychiatric clinic may also turn out to be a mental disorder. Before calling an ambulance psychiatric care for a neighbor or relative, try to analyze net worth. What if you have to start with yourself? Remember the joke about the under-examined?

“Every joke has some humor in it” ©

Psychiatry has traditionally dealt with the recognition and treatment of mental illnesses and disorders. Those violations are being studied mental activity a person, which manifest themselves in thoughts, feelings, emotions, actions, and behavior in general. These violations may be obvious, strongly expressed, or may not be so obvious as to speak of “abnormality.” Unbalanced people are not always mentally ill.

The line where pathology begins behind the norm is quite blurry and has not yet been clearly defined either in psychiatry or psychology. Therefore, mental illnesses are difficult to unambiguously interpret and evaluate. If signs of mental disorder are observed in women, they may be the same in men. Obvious gender differences in the nature of the manifestation of mental illness are sometimes difficult to notice. In any case, with obvious mental disorders. But the prevalence rate by gender may vary. Signs of mental disorders in men appear with no less force, although they are not without their originality.

If a person believes, for example, that he is Napoleon or has superpowers, or he has observed sharp changes mood, or melancholy begins or he falls into despair because of the most trivial everyday problems, then we can assume that he is exhibiting signs mental illness. There may also be perverted attractions or his actions will be clearly different from normal. Manifestations painful conditions psyches are very different. But what will be common is that, first of all, a person’s personality and his perception of the world will undergo change.

Personality is the totality of a person’s mental and spiritual properties, his way of thinking and responding to changes environment, his character. Personality traits different people have the same differences as bodily, physical - the shape of the nose, lips, eye color, height, etc. That is, the individuality of a person has the same meaning as physical individuality.

By the manifestations of personality traits, we can recognize a person. Personality traits do not exist separately from each other. They are closely interconnected, both in their functions and in the nature of their manifestation. That is, they are organized into a kind of integral system, just as all our organs, tissues, muscles, bones form the bodily shell, the body.

Just like a body with age or under the influence external factors undergoes change, personality does not remain unchanged, it develops and changes. Personality changes can be physiological, normal (especially with age) and pathological. Personality changes (normal) with age, under the influence of external and internal factors happen gradually. The mental appearance of a person gradually also changes. At the same time, personality properties change so that the harmony and integrity of the personality are not violated.

What happens when there is a sharp change in personality traits?

But sometimes, personality can change dramatically (or at least it will seem so to others). People I know suddenly turn from modest to boastful, too harsh in their judgments; they were calm and balanced, but they became aggressive and hot-tempered. They turn from being thorough into frivolous and superficial. Such changes are hard to miss. Personal harmony has already been disrupted. Such changes are already obvious pathological, are mental disorders. It is obvious that mental illness can cause such changes. Both doctors and psychologists talk about this. After all, mentally ill people often behave inappropriately to the situation. And this becomes obvious to others over time.

Factors provoking the emergence and development of mental illness:

• Traumatic injuries to the head and brain. At the same time, mental activity changes dramatically, clearly not in better side. Sometimes it stops altogether when a person falls into an unconscious state.
• Organic diseases congenital pathologies brain. In this case, both individual mental properties and the entire activity of the human psyche as a whole may be disrupted or “drop out.”
• Are common infectious diseases(typhoid, septecemia or blood poisoning, meningitis, encephalitis, etc.). They can cause irreversible changes in the psyche.
• Intoxication of the body under the influence of alcohol, narcotic drugs, gases, medicines, household chemicals(type of glue), poisonous plants. These substances can cause profound changes in the psyche and disruption of the central nervous system (CNS).
• Stress, psychological trauma. In this case, the signs mental disorders may be temporary.
• Burdened heredity. If a person has a history of close relatives with mental disorders chronic diseases, then the likelihood of such a disease occurring among subsequent generations increases (although this point is sometimes disputed).

There may be other reasons among the above factors. There may be many of them, but not all of them are known to medicine and science. Usually, a clearly mentally unbalanced person is immediately noticeable, even to ordinary people. And yet, the human psyche is perhaps the least studied system human body. That is why its changes are so difficult to analyze clearly and unambiguously.

Every case pathological changes The psyche needs to be studied individually. Mental disorder or illness may be acquired or congenital. If they are acquired, it means that a certain moment has come in a person’s life when pathological personality traits came to the fore. Unfortunately, it is impossible to trace the moment of transition from normal to pathology, and it is difficult to know when the first signs appeared. As well as preventing this transition.

Where and when does the “abnormality” begin?

Where is the line beyond which mental illness immediately begins? If there was no obvious interference from the outside in the psyche (head injury, intoxication, illness, etc.), in any case, there was no, in the opinion of both the sick person himself and his environment, then why did he get sick or did mental disorders arise? even if not psychogenic? What went wrong, at what point? Doctors have not yet answered these questions. One can only make assumptions, carefully study the anamnesis, try to find at least something that could provoke the changes.

Talking about congenital, it is assumed that human spiritual properties have never been in harmony. A person was born with a damaged personality. Mental disorders in children and their symptoms represent a separate area for study. Children have their own mental characteristics that differ from adults. And it should be borne in mind that signs of a mental disorder can be obvious and obvious, or they can appear as if gradually and by chance, occasionally. Moreover, anatomical changes (most often this means changes in the brain, first of all) in diseases and mental disorders can be visible and obvious, but sometimes it is impossible to trace them. Or their changes are so subtle that they are this level the development of medicine cannot be traced. That is, with pure physiological point vision, there are no impairments, but the person is mentally ill and needs treatment.

The pathophysiological basis of mental illness should be considered, first of all, disorders of the central nervous system - a violation of the basic processes of higher nervous activity(according to I.P. Pavlov).

If we talk directly about the signs of mental disorders, then we should take into account the peculiarities of the classification of mental illnesses. In each historical period of development of psychiatry, classifications have undergone various changes. Over time, it became obvious that there is a need for consistent diagnosis of the same patients by different psychiatrists, regardless of their theoretical orientation and practical experience. Although even now this can be difficult to achieve, due to conceptual disagreements in understanding the essence of mental disorders and diseases.

Another difficulty is that there are different national taxonomies of diseases. They may differ from each other according to various criteria. On this moment from the point of view of the significance of reproducibility, international classification diseases 10 revision (ICD 10) and the American DSM-IV.

Types of mental pathology (according to the domestic classification) depending on the main causes that cause them:

• Endogenous (under the influence of external factors) mental illness, but with the participation exogenous factors. These include schizophrenia, epilepsy, affective disorders and etc.
• Exogenous (under the influence of internal factors) mental illnesses, but with the participation endogenous factors. These include somatogenic, infectious, traumatic diseases, etc.
• Diseases caused by developmental disorders, as well as due to dysfunctions or disruptions in the functioning of mature body systems. These types of diseases include various personality disorders, etc.
• Psychogenics. These are diseases with signs of psychosis, neuroses.

It is worth considering that all classifications not perfect and are open to criticism and improvement.

What is a mental disorder and how can it be diagnosed?

Patients with mental disorders may visit doctors frequently. They may be in the hospital many times and undergo numerous examinations. Although, first of all, mentally ill people more often complain about their physical condition.

The World Health Organization has identified the main signs of a mental disorder or illness:

1. Clearly expressed psychological discomfort.
2. Impaired ability to perform normal work or school responsibilities.
3. Increased risk of death. Suicidal thoughts, attempts to commit suicide. General violation mental activity.

You should be wary if, even with a thorough examination, they are not identified somatic disorders(and the complaints do not stop), the patient was “treated” for a long time and unsuccessfully different doctors, but his condition does not improve. Mental illnesses or mental illnesses can be expressed not only by signs of mental disorders, but in the clinical picture of the disease there may also be somatic disorders.

Somatization symptoms caused by anxiety

Anxiety disorders occur 2 times more often in women than in men. At anxiety disorders patients more often present somatic complaints than complaints about changes in general mental state. Often somatic disorders are observed when various types depression. It is also a very common mental disorder among women.

Somatization symptoms caused by depression

Anxious and depressive disorders often meet together. ICD 10 even has a separate category for anxiety-depressive disorder.

Currently, in the practice of a psychiatrist, a comprehensive psychological examination is actively used, which includes a whole group of tests (but their results are not a sufficient basis for making a diagnosis, but only play a clarifying role).

When diagnosing a mental disorder, a comprehensive personality examination is carried out and various factors are taken into account:

• The level of development of higher mental functions (or their changes) - perception, memory, thinking, speech, imagination. What is the level of his thinking, how adequate are his judgments and conclusions? Are there any memory impairments, is attention depleted? How well do thoughts correspond to mood and behavior? For example, some people can tell sad stories and still laugh. They evaluate the pace of speech - whether it is slow or, on the contrary, the person speaks quickly and incoherently.
• Evaluate general background mood (depressed or unreasonably high, for example). How adequate are his emotions to the surrounding environment, to changes in the world around him?
• They monitor his level of contact and willingness to discuss his condition.
• Assess the level of social and professional productivity.
• The nature of sleep, its duration,
• Eating behavior. Does a person suffer from overeating or, on the contrary, does he eat too little, rarely, unsystematically?
• The ability to experience pleasure and joy is assessed.
• Can the patient plan his activities, control his actions, behavior, are there any violations of volitional activity.
• The degree of adequacy of orientation in themselves, other people, in time, place - do patients know their name, do they recognize themselves as who they are (or consider themselves a superman, for example), do they recognize relatives, friends, can build a chronology of events in their lives and lives of loved ones.
• The presence or absence of interests, desires, inclinations.
• Level of sexual activity.
• The most important thing is how critical a person is of his condition.

These are only the most general criteria, the list is far from complete. Age will also be taken into account in each specific case. social status, health status, individual characteristics personality. In fact, signs of mental disorders can be ordinary behavioral reactions, but in an exaggerated or distorted form. Of particular interest to many researchers is the creativity of mentally ill people and its influence on the course of the disease. Mental illness- not such a rare companion even for great people.

It is believed that “Mental illnesses have the ability to sometimes suddenly open up the springs of the creative process, the results of which outstrip ordinary life sometimes for a very long time.” Creativity can serve as a means of calm and have a beneficial effect on the patient. (P.I. Karpov, “Creativity of the mentally ill and its influence on the development of art, science and technology,” 1926). They also help the doctor penetrate deeper into the patient’s soul and understand him better. It is also believed that creators in the fields of science, technology and art often suffer from nervous imbalance. According to these views, the creativity of mentally ill people often has no less value than the creativity of healthy people. Then what should mentally healthy people be like? This is also an ambiguous wording and the signs are approximate.

Signs of mental health:

• Behavior and actions adequate to external and internal changes.
• Healthy self-esteem not only of yourself, but also of your capabilities.
• Normal orientation in one's personality, time, space.
• Ability to work normally (physically, mentally).
• Ability to think critically.

A mentally healthy person is a person who wants to live, develop, knows how to be happy or sad (shows a large number of emotions), does not threaten himself or others with his behavior, is generally balanced, in any case, this is how he should be assessed by the people around him. These characteristics are not exhaustive.

Mental disorders most common in women:

• Anxiety disorders
• Depressive disorders
• Anxiety and depressive disorders
• Panic disorders
• Eating disorders
• Phobias
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Adjustment disorder
• Histrionic personality disorder
• Dependent personality disorder
• Pain disorder, etc.

Often, signs of a mental disorder are observed in women after the birth of a child. Especially, signs of neuroses and depression may be observed. of various nature and degree of expression.

In any case, the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders should be carried out by doctors. The success of treatment strongly depends on the timeliness of therapy. The support of loved ones and family is very important. In the treatment of mental disorders, combined methods of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy are usually used.

One in five people in the world today suffers from mental disorders. Now imagine what are your chances of crossing paths with such people? We talked to a psychotherapist about how to behave with a mentally unstable person and how to spot them.

ANTON SAPRONOV
Psychotherapist, supervisor

WHAT IS MENTAL UNBALANCE?

If we talk about mental instability in the context of psychiatry, we mean a violation normal course mental processes. This may occur in the background organic lesions and changes in the brain, personality disorders, situational reactions of a person, as well as a combination of all these factors.

Such disorders can be isolated in nature: decrease, increase or change in mood, impaired attention or memory, irritability, anxiety. All these are called symptoms that each of us can encounter. Uniting in groups, they form syndromes that make up various mental illnesses.

HOW TO DETECT A MENTALLY UNBALANCED PERSON?

First of all, we need to highlight depressive syndrome . In this case, a person’s mood deteriorates, he loses interest, sleep and appetite are disturbed. Nothing makes such a person happy; he looks at the world and his future in gloomy colors, and constantly thinks about death.

This condition can occur against the background of external circumstances, to which the individual cannot adapt, and then we talk about adaptation disorders.

Otherwise this may happen against the backdrop of apparent external well-being. In this case, there are assumptions about the presence of an endogenous process (primary disruption of biochemical processes in the brain), as well as about an internal personal crisis.

The last option is something that is often underestimated by those around that person., since he continues to work normally, his sleep and appetite are not disturbed, but periodically he talks out loud pessimistically about the meanings, his value, goals in life, and expresses his insignificance. At the same time, relatives react stereotypically, reminding them that “you have everything, why are you worrying.” The last flash mob on social networks was about this condition.

In children and adolescents, depression manifests itself as behavioral disturbances, frequent illnesses, decreased academic performance, increased aggressiveness, which does not exclude the above symptoms.

At anxiety syndrome a person may express fears for his health, those around him, and the future. He looks fussy, overly tense, speaks quickly, but cannot maintain attention during dialogue. Sleep may also be disrupted, heart rate may increase, and arterial pressure. Abdominal pain, fear of going outside, panic attacks, dizziness, intrusive thoughts, the feeling of unreality of what is happening also comes from here.

All this may be present in various combinations. A person may become irritable and aggressive when trying to calm themselves down. There are combinations of depression and anxiety.

I would like to say in a separate line about irritability and aggressiveness, since this is exactly what others most often react to. Aggression is normal human quality necessary to protect or achieve what is needed. In life, aggression can be natural reaction in a conflict, however, it is necessary to understand the form and degree of its manifestation.

If we are talking about a personality disorder characterized by excessive impulsivity or increased excitability, then aggression will be a habitual reaction this person, with which the environment will have to learn to live.

In addition, aggression can be accompanied by various mental disorders. This could be an attempt to cope with anxiety or heartache(here we often talk about auto-aggression), convey something to the environment. Or be a component of psychotic disorders that are accompanied by hallucinations.

All these phenomena can vary in intensity and extent. It is important to understand this in order to react correctly and provide assistance in a timely manner.

HOW TO BEHAVIOR YOURSELF?

If you are in a relationship with someone who has schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder, remind yourself of your boundaries and your own goals in life. This will help maintain stability, which will have a positive effect on your well-being and the condition of the patient. You can seek help from a psychotherapist to help maintain this stability, otherwise there is a risk that you will be sucked into this person’s anxiety.

If you met in public place with emotionally excitable or aggressive person, then you need to remember that this is a gross violation of your boundaries, so the primary and natural reaction will be fear and anger. At this moment, it is important to restrain yourself physically and not be provoked into insults, literally monitor your own breathing and remind yourself of your own self-esteem. In the end, you can step aside. IN otherwise there is a risk of losing your temper and being provoked, and this can lead to physical aggression.

If you meet a person in hysterics, anxiety, fear in his gaze and he is looking for help, then simply offer him this help: ask if he needs it. This reaction will calm him down a little.

Don't ignore anything a person says, do not devalue him, even if it seems to you that everything is fine in his life. This is your assessment, it may differ for him.

Talk to him, even if he refuses, do it not aggressively. In general, try not to show aggression, although this reaction often occurs among those around a depressed person.

Suggest that he see a specialist, however, in the process, use your ability to help: just be attentive, supportive, make it clear that you care about him, but you have limitations and he may need the help of a professional.

Don't use phrases“forget it”, “it will pass”, “everyone is depressed”, “go dig your garden”, “don’t whine, you’re a man/strong-willed woman”, “you have an apartment, a car, a good salary, what else do you need?”

When someone else is worried, maintain your own stability.. Try not to “get infected” with this anxiety, remind yourself “of yourself” and breathe.

If this is your child, then ask him a question, why his behavior suddenly changed or his performance decreased, what is happening at school, maybe something is wrong in your relationship. Most often the reason is found.

If a person's behavior changes dramatically, he has become “strange”, stopped taking care of himself, self-harms, loses weight sharply, talks about death, experiences hallucinations, then immediately seek help from a specialist.

Try to dissuadesuch peoplefrom visiting grandmothers, healers and psychics. IN in this case you're walking through a minefield because you don't know what level of anxiety a person has. If she is borderline or psychotic, then this approach may stimulate the development of acute psychosis.

AND NOW, VERY BRIEFLY ABOUT HOW TO CONDUCT YOURSELF

Do not underestimate, do not devalue, be included, restrain aggression, be sincere in your emotions of concern for the person and contact specialists in a timely manner if necessary. All this will help us maintain both mental and physical health, as well as life.

Photo: from the hero's personal archive.

Instructions

IN Soviet time The law provided for the forced isolation of patients with schizophrenia and other mental disorders. A medical examination was ordered and, if the person was really sick, he was treated in a specialized institution. But now it is quite difficult to insist on hospitalization of a mentally unstable family member if you are not a close relative.

Therefore, if it so happens that you live under the same roof with a psychotic, work on your behavior in order to minimize the risk of aggression on his part. Unbalanced people are dangerous because of their unpredictability. Therefore, you need to be constantly on your guard. Even an accidental and completely harmless collision or touch can cause aggression in an unstable person.

If you feel that the patient’s behavior is changing for the worse, it is better to leave the apartment or, if this is not possible, distract the person’s attention with his favorite topics. Usually relatives already know what can calm the “psycho.” Some people are immediately distracted when they turn on cartoons, others when they hear music.

You also need to remember that people susceptible to manic-depressive psychosis practically do not feel pain. That is, it is better not to use force and gas canisters, you will only enrage the sick person. If he intends to make a direct confrontation with you, run away and call for help. But it is not always possible to be saved in this way, therefore, in as a last resort, you can use self-defense techniques to neutralize and bind the aggressor.

Of course, always try to avoid conflict and behave as kindly and calmly as possible. Take care of maintaining a healthy environment in the family, do not quarrel or swear with other household members, because a mentally unstable person can fly into a frenzy from loud screams.

Sources:

• Beware of seasonal psychos
• mentally unstable person

Relationship with relatives are of a completely different nature than with other people. They have known you throughout your life, you have been through a lot together, and your communication occurs on a different level.

Instructions

Respect your family, this feeling plays a huge role in relationships between relatives. In any situation, do not forget that these people have known you all your life and together you have gone through many difficulties. Despite some points on which you fundamentally disagree, try to remain respectful of other people's opinions.

Be tolerant. Patience is another important point in family communication. Conflicts can happen daily until someone finally becomes a little more tolerant of other relatives. Try to take into account problems at work, personal troubles and other factors that affect the mood of your family members. Understand them, put yourself in someone else's shoes, and communication will become much more pleasant.

Know how to forgive. What can you not hear from the lips of relatives in rare moments of anger. You have a choice - to be offended for the rest of your life and stop communicating, or to forgive and continue to live.

Speak openly. Feel free to voice your complaints to your family members. Naturally, your words should not contain aggression. But always carefully consider whether it is worth starting a scandal - perhaps your small claim can be held back until better times, because it may be taken more seriously than you expect.

Meet more often. It happens that work, friends and other circumstances alienate members of the same family from each other. Break the vicious circle, offer to get together on a holiday or on a regular day off. Introduce new traditions (for example, celebrating every birthday among your relatives).

Don't forget the older generations. There is nothing worse than lonely old people abandoned by their relatives. Visit your grandparents, drop by your mothers for tea more often.

Video on the topic

Helpful advice

Be sincerely interested important events in the lives of your relatives. Listen to stories to the end, without interrupting or reducing the conversation to yourself.

A mentally ill person does not perceive reality quite adequately and has behavioral deviations. Communication with such people may also deviate from existing standards. The main thing to remember is that a person not only behaves abnormally, he is sick.

Instructions

Treat the mentally ill with love. After all, it’s not his fault that he’s in trouble. And although it will undoubtedly be very difficult for you, try to restrain yourself and continue to respect him. Don't talk to him in a dismissive or condescending tone, even if you have to ask him for something many times.

Maintain a certain distance. Don’t be offended by his actions, because he doesn’t do them on purpose. Treat negative behavior as a symptom of illness.

Be calm. Understand that his inappropriate behavior is the result of a severe mental disorder. During periods of exacerbation, the patient's feelings may be very intense, so do not yell at him. At such moments, he simply will not be able to understand everything that you are trying to convey to him. Your calmness will help him cope with anxiety, confused thoughts and improve mental condition. Conflict and quarrel, on the contrary, can cause a relapse.

Learn to recognize and respond correctly to them. If anger and irritability are a feature of the disease, do not argue with him or limit communication altogether for a while. When it is closed, start. If you have difficulty concentrating, repeat what was said and speak in short phrases. Don’t support delusional beliefs, but don’t argue with them either. sick open. And if you have self-doubt or low self-esteem, treat him with understanding and respect.

Support him and celebrate even small successes. This will help not only him, but also you. After all, communicating with a mentally ill person and constantly hoping for improvement is very difficult.

Keep it familiar. If sick for a long time lay, find out: time for lunch, dinner or sleep. And if possible, create them at home. For mentally unhealthy people Predictability and calm are very important. Give him simple daily activities to keep him busy. This will make him feel more wealthy and needed.

Sources:

• how to deal with a schizophrenic

Crazy people walk the streets like normal people. They cross paths with passers-by and sometimes engage in conversation. But it is necessary to adhere to some rules so as not to hurt the feelings of a mentally ill person and not suffer from him.

Psychopath or sociopath - terrible diagnosis. And not only for the carrier of the disease, but also for those who come into contact with him. If you find these 12 signs in your relationship, then you need to sound the alarm: perhaps you are dating a mentally unstable person.

Also read:

External charm and self-obsession

Psychopaths love to talk about themselves. They often dominate the conversation, preventing others from getting a word in edgewise. They can also seem quite attractive in society.

Emotional detachment

For a psychopath, relationships are often just an opportunity for manipulation. Psychopaths form artificial, shallow relationships in ways that benefit them. They view people as pawns to further their goals and psychopaths rarely feel guilty towards anyone.

Impulsiveness

Of course, this quality is also characteristic healthy people, however, in people with mental disorder it is expressed very clearly and causes many problems.

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Manipulation

The intense need to control people and situations leads psychopaths to engage in manipulative behavior. The psychopath carefully develops a trap plan that will help him get what he wants. If your partner often uses the phrase “if you really love me, you will do this,” then make sure that he is not trying to manipulate you.

Regularly breaking or ignoring the law

Psychopaths certainly cannot be called law-abiding citizens. Rather, they seek to twist the law in their favor and make efforts to avoid getting caught. They believe they are above the law and believe they are "too smart" to get caught.

They get bored quickly

They are constantly in search of a new dose of sensations and emotions. Nervous system The psychopath is very irritated, and in order to discharge, they need to constantly do something to gain new sensations.

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Chronic lies

If you see frequent lies from your partner, especially about small things, this could also be a sign. Psychopaths act as if they are smarter than others and too cunning to be caught lying. It is often focused on how they want to use you for their own gain, and are only willing to tell you what you want to hear, rather than the truth. Yes, it's very selfish.

Lack of empathy

If your significant other almost never shows care, interest or empathy towards you and other people, it's worth considering. Psychopathy is characterized by a lack of empathy, as well as a lack of conscience and the ability to experience deep emotions.

A psychopath may also blame their partner for relationship problems, but not themselves. A sociopath, for example, calls his ex-partner crazy and blames him exclusively for the breakup.

Arrogance and an exaggerated sense of self-importance

Psychopaths tend to have an inflated sense of self-worth. Does your significant other brag about his achievements too much and doesn’t say a word about yours, and your opinion doesn’t matter to him? These are all signs of psychopathy.

Obsessiveness

Even when you break up with a psychopath, he is in no hurry to break ties with you. He will constantly write to you, look for meetings with you and promise to change his behavior and say what you want to hear. And all this to regain control over you. If you not gain strength and if you don’t break up with him completely, he will continue to play his game with you.

Treason

Psychopaths tend to have multiple sexual partners. Relationships with a psychopath are usually marked by a lack of emotional connection and empathy. They have difficulty forming deep relationships. Consequently, psychopaths have no problems moving from one sexual partner to another. Quantity is more important to them than quality. Hence the frequent betrayals.

Irresponsibility

Psychopaths verbally present themselves as reliable people, but in reality they tend to shirk responsibility. No matter how global the task, the psychopath will find ways to avoid responsibility for it.