If a person lies for a long time what will happen. Sitting is harmful and increases the risk of developing many diseases. The result of daily showering

Illustrations: Vlad Lesnikov


Cleaning the house provokes the development of asthma

The results of a study proving the harm of cleaning were published in the American journal Family Psychology in 2011. Scientists from the University of California, Darby Saxbe, Rena Repetti and Anthony Grack, thoroughly studied the behavior of 30 married couples in the same occupation. social status. Meticulous scientists invited themselves to visit the couple and recorded the partners’ activities every 10 minutes, simultaneously measuring their hormone levels. It turned out that those who do homework increase cortisol, the stress hormone.

In addition, cleaning products that often accompany cleaning stimulate the development of asthma. This is precisely the conclusion reached by the authors of an article published in the journal “Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology”*, researchers at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. Led by Dr. Jonathan Bernstein, researchers found that Homework Using cleaning products increases the risk of asthma. Dr. Bernstein and his colleagues followed 25 people for 12 weeks. healthy women and 19 women with asthma. In addition to the fact that they thoroughly admired the housewives from different interesting angles, they also found that during cleaning, all participants in the experiment, without exception, had problems with the upper respiratory tract, manifested in sneezing and irritation in the nose. And patients with asthma developed symptoms of lower respiratory tract such as cough and difficulty breathing. As you can see, only a suicidal person would expose himself to unnecessary risks of housework.

* - Note Phacochoerus "a Funtik:
« Ah, youth! I remember this was the first magazine where I came to apply for a job. Still green, full of hopes and aspirations, the fledgling warthog... And he would definitely have gotten a job if the bitch from the reception hadn’t had an allergy to wool»


Fatty foods slow cancer growth

According to research conducted in 2007 in University Clinic German city of Würzburg and published in Time magazine, food from high content fat can defeat cancer. Initially, the assumption was based on the theory of the Nazi doctor Otto Warburg, who argued that cancer was of biochemical origin. Scientists from Würzburg, led by Dr. Melania Schmidt and biologist Ulrike Kemmerer, removed carbohydrates such as fruits, cereals and vegetables from the diet of several cancer patients and included bacon, beef, sausages and fatty fish.

“I recently came into contact with a patient who, while still a boy, was treated under my supervision. He still eats a high fat diet and feels great. I think the results would be even better if so many patients with last stage cancer, when no diet will help,” Kemmerer laments. Despite the fact that research at the University Clinic is still ongoing, it can already be argued that only someone who wishes him to die from cancer can take away smoked pork ribs from a citizen who is peacefully eating them.


In 2001, 14 experimental volunteers took part in the “lying down” experiment of the Space Clinic, located near the French city of Toulouse. The goal is to establish how the human body will react to long-term condition weightlessness. “To participate in this experiment, we selected only men from 25 to 45 years old, physically and mentally healthy,” said Dr. Jacques Bernard, one of the ten scientists who oversaw the experiment. All volunteers lay on the bed in an inclined position, their legs were elevated at an angle of 6 degrees. Participants also performed natural needs and hygienic procedures exclusively in a lying position. In addition, they had a computer, TV and board games at their disposal.

After the end of the experiment, the participants went through a series of psychological tests, which showed that their morale not only did not waver, but even strengthened. The subjects became calmer and more focused (not to mention the fact that each participant in the experiment received the $10,000 owed to him). So a sedentary lifestyle is ideal for those who take care of their mental health.



For 9 years, Dr. Evan Tucker from the Harvard School of Public Health and his colleagues studied medical records smokers - 79,977 women and 63,348 men. So, out of this whole crowd, only 413 people developed Parkinson's disease. Cases among the same number of non-smoking men and women are 73% higher. In 2007, scientists published the results of the study. Chewing tobacco, they said that they had not yet found out what exactly it was in cigarettes that prevented the development of the disease, but most likely it was tobacco. Thus, anyone who prevents a person with a cigarette from walking to the window stands in the way of preventing a very unpleasant disease.


Prolonged sleep promotes weight loss

In 2006, researchers at New York University School of Medicine found a link between healthy sleep and weight loss. Let's give the floor to the program manager " Healthy sleep» New York medical school, MD David Rappoport: “Once upon a time we could only assume that lack or, conversely, excess sleep could affect our body. Today we proved this theory by observing 12 men over several months."

The theory is that when there is a lack of sleep, the level of the satiety hormone leptin decreases and a person does not feel full, even if he ate a hearty cow. But the level of the appetite hormone ghrelin, on the contrary, increases, and the person feels that he is ready to eat another abundant cow. Those who sleep a lot do not have this problem: during sleep, leptin levels increase and ghrelin levels decrease. Porthos - not a hormone, but a musketeer - spoke the truth when he advised his servant to replace food with sleep.



One of the most common myths of the 20th century is the benefits of daily washing. They say that standing every day under a stream of steaming water in the company of a heavy bar of soap can not only buy a pleasant pink color, but also get rid of germs and protect yourself from many diseases. No matter how. It's the other way around: recent research by dermatologists has proven that too frequent washing works against us.

Here, for example, was the conclusion reached by dermatologist Dr. Nick Lowe in 2011, who had been observing his clean patients for many years at the Cranley Clinic in London: “Hot water and disinfectant soap, especially if used every day, can deprive the skin of its natural protection and lead to dryness, cracks and even infections.” Dr. Lowe recommends washing as little as possible, using room temperature water and a soap-free shower gel.

And Professor Norman Pace from the University of Colorado in Boulder was not lazy and in 2009 carefully examined 50 shower heads in nine different US cities. It turned out that in 30% of cases, aerobic bacteria accumulate in watering cans, especially plastic ones. When water is pumped into the watering can, it pushes bacteria out. They frolic in the air and settle in the lungs of people with weakened immune systems, causing them to cough, rapid breathing and weakness.


Caffeine reduces the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease

Researchers from Portugal have found that coffee effectively fights Alzheimer's disease. Scientists formed two groups of 54 people: one included healthy people, in the other - those suffering from this disease. After exhausting interviews, interrupted only by coffee, it turned out that each participant in the “Alzheimer’s group” had been drinking no more than a cup of coffee a day since the age of 25. And in the “healthy” group, the average amount of coffee per day was 4–5 mugs.



A person who does not make his bed in the morning is not lazy, but prudent. After all, if you believe English scientists from Kingston University (and we have no reason not to believe them, except for paranoia), as soon as you put a blanket on the bed, they begin to reproduce under it bed mites. Suddenly pulling back the covers and shouting: “Aha! Gotcha!” - is useless, because the largest of them do not reach even half a millimeter. And one mediocre bed can become home to 1.5 million bed mites. Skin microparticles and a humid atmosphere are all that bed mites need to be happy. “Tick control is not difficult, try it,” says one of the study leaders, Dr. Steven Pritlov, with excitement. - It is enough not to make the bed in the morning, thus allowing the sheets, pillows and blankets to dry. The ticks will die from dehydration.” Dr Pritlov knows what he's talking about: he analyzed mite populations in the beds of 36 English homes. And Professor of the British Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Andrew Wardlaw generally believes that “bed mites are one of the main causes of asthma, and it is necessary to combat them.”


Swearing helps you endure pain

Swearing is an excellent pain reliever. In December 2011, an English researcher from Keele University, Richard Stevens, published the results of his damning experiment in the scientific publication “American Journal of Pain” (and they also say that the print press is dying). The victims of the study were 71 students of the same University of Kiel. Stevens asked everyone to first immerse their hand in water at room temperature for three minutes, and then move the same hand into a bowl of water no hotter than 5 C°. It seems that 5 C° is not so much low temperature, but with prolonged exposure, such water can cause severe pain.

Those students who, by dipping their hands, strongly demonstrated their dissatisfaction with the world order and Stevens in particular, did not remove their hands from the bowl longer than those who were correctly silent. “Swearing informs the brain that its owner is in this moment uncomfortable, and then a pain-relieving mechanism known as “stress-related analgesia” kicks in, Stevens said.


Alcohol improves hearing

This thesis is supported by a study conducted by Australian scientists Philip Neville and Marianne Golding from McGuire University. From 1997 to 1999, Philip and Marianne observed 2,000 people at least 55 years old - residents of the Australian town of the Blue Mountains. And they found that those residents who drink four servings of alcohol (beer, wine or cocktails) per day are less likely to go deaf than their non-drinking peers. A similar healing effect is achieved, apparently, by stimulating blood circulation with alcohol and a rush of blood to the hair cells of the organ of Corti.



Think that computer games harmful to health means thinking in anachronisms. For example, in 2009, researchers at the American University of Rochester found that shooting games stimulate vision and even treat amblyopia. Typically, owners of this disease are treated by wearing healthy eye bandage. So, one hour of intense play replaces 400 hours of wearing a therapeutic bandage.

ABOUT healing properties Tetris you must have guessed. Scientists at the Brain Research Complex from the American city of Albuquerque conducted an experiment on 26 teenage girls. The girls were told to play Tetris every day for half an hour for three months. At the end of the experiment, scientists found that the cerebral cortex of the girls who played Tetris was thicker than that of their peers who spent that half hour meeting boys and other nonsense.


Frequent masturbation helps prevent prostate cancer

Those who spend a lot of time alone with themselves can gracefully circumvent a number of health problems. For example, nasal congestion due to allergies. This assumption was put forward by neurologist Sina Zarrintan from Medical University Tabriz, in Iran. “When you ejaculate, the sympathetic nervous system constricts blood vessels throughout the body. This is exactly what is needed for an allergy sufferer who has dilated vessels in the nose, making it difficult for him to breathe,” Dr. Zarrintan said knowledgeably.

As for the benefits of frequent masturbation in the prevention of prostate cancer, it was proven back in 2003 at the Melbourne Association cancer diseases named after Queen Victoria by Professor Chris Hilley and his team. “We found that out of 2,250 men, those who are between the ages of 20 and 50 regularly…” here the professor blushed and coughed were less susceptible to the disease.

Many men and women love to lie in the bath, because it is not so much a hygienic procedure as a real pleasure. You can bask for hours in a warm or hot water and soft foam, but experts say that staying in the bath for a long time is harmful, and there are many important reasons for this.

What happens in hot water

Hot water - about forty to forty-five degrees Celsius - has a good effect on the skin, expands pores, and quickly removes dirt and excess sebum. Also, immersion in such water stimulates a person’s metabolism and has a good effect on blood vessels, they expand, cleanse, and breathing improves. But all this has a beneficial effect if you are in hot tub no more than ten, maximum fifteen minutes. Even if a person feels excellent, then a long procedure begins to negatively affect the same tissues and organs. Doctors say that the heart suffers first of all, especially if the chest area is immersed in hot water for a long time. An increased heartbeat appears, and heart rhythms may fail. Prolonged vasodilation due to hot water lowers overall blood pressure, and for people suffering from hypotension, this can result in fainting. While taking a long hot bath, a person with normal or high blood pressure At the very least, he may suffer from dizziness.

In the presence of any acute or chronic inflammation, especially in case of illness thyroid gland, endometriosis, fibroids, cysts, mastitis, staying in a hot bath for more than ten minutes can be fraught with exacerbation and increase in the severity of the existing pathology.

Moreover, human skin has protective layer, which is washed off even warm water, and even hot and with aggressive bath foams or shower gels this happens even faster. As a result, the skin loses its barrier properties for some time and a person immediately after a bath becomes defenseless against many bacteria and infections. Hot water also exposes the skin to greater heat treatment, and as a result, it begins to age faster, especially on the face, hands and neck.

Even an absolutely healthy person who is accustomed to hot water should stay in such a bath for no more than twenty minutes, otherwise he may experience negative consequences.

Warm bath

The most comfortable and generally beneficial for the body is a warm bath. The water temperature in it should not be lower than thirty-three and higher than thirty-seven degrees. That is, it is a little lower or a little higher normal temperature human body. In such water it is good to perform hygiene procedures for children of any age and adults. A warm bath relaxes muscles and soothes the skin, relieves nervous tension and has a beneficial effect on the condition internal organs. Water close to body temperature does not destroy hair and skin; maceration occurs more slowly in it - water wrinkles on the fingers and feet do not immediately appear. This bath is good to take before bed and sex. And yet, even in warm water you should not lie for a long time; twenty to thirty minutes will be enough to feel the pleasure of bath procedures.

cold bath

lie in cold water not as pleasant as warm or hot, but doctors recommend such procedures for people susceptible to multiple neuroses, neurasthenia, as well as for loss of appetite and for general hardening body. The temperature of the “cold” bath should be no lower than eighteen and no higher than twenty degrees Celsius. Systematically immersing yourself in such water can improve immunity, strengthen muscle turgor, and increase skin tone. After acceptance cold bath To skin blood flow actively rushes, and toxins are quickly removed from the body, and mood improves. But you should remember that you need to lie in cold water from eight to thirty seconds, no more. In this case, the chest area and head should not be immersed in the bath; you should not wash in it. Increasing the time spent in a cold bath threatens the occurrence of respiratory diseases and temporarily elevated blood pressure, which may be accompanied by a headache and the appearance of circles before the eyes.

After the cold water procedures the body must be completely rubbed with a towel to prevent any congestion in muscles and joints. Any properly taken bath will only bring benefits to the body, especially if staying in the water gives a person pleasure.

Can you tell exactly how much time you sit during the day? If you don’t think about this issue, the problem does not seem global. But as soon as a timer appears next to you, recording the time you spend on the chair, the result will be quite shocking. Many people work outside of industry, and most of us sit in the office for 8 hours. If we add to this driving a car and lounging on the couch in the evenings, eating or checking children’s homework, it turns out that we are without active movement for the vast majority of hours a day. Even if after work you introduce an hour-long workout into your usual routine, this will not improve the situation. Most of the day modern man remains inactive.

Intense training does not solve the problem

Movement is important and good for our health. But even an intense workout until you break a sweat cannot balance the situation. The danger from sitting on a chair for many hours is so great that in most cases it causes chronic problems with health. One of the authoritative medical publications told the world community about this in January 2015. Unfortunately, sedentary lifestyle life has become the norm for our culture. We are not afraid of the statistics provided World Organization health care: none physical activity Among the adult population, it is the fourth most important risk factor leading to premature mortality.

What happens to the human body when there is insufficient activity?

The report provided notes that sedentary image life causes changes in the human body. Scientists also managed to prove that training twice a week cannot change the situation. Many of us are used to sitting for most of the day. But for some reason we do not in any way connect the problem of the sharply increased statistics of cardiovascular diseases with physical inactivity. In addition to heart disease, inactive citizens risk developing density depletion bone tissue, and even cellular mutations that provoke cancerous tumors. It has been proven that if a person sits on a chair for 8 to 12 hours daily, he increases the risk of type 2 diabetes by 90 percent. Fortunately, these risks can be compensated for by getting up from your chair. at least each hour. Just a two-minute warm-up will help get your blood circulation back on track.

Modern people sit too much

This trend is common to all developed countries. For example, in the United States, the average adult sits 60 percent of their waking hours. If we convert these statistics into hours, the average is more than 6 hours. Recently, the Mayo Clinic reported a study in which they observed people sitting in front of a television or computer. As a result, it turned out that people who spend their leisure time watching movies or chatting in social networks four hours or more have a chance of premature death(regardless of the reason) 50 percent more than those who sit in front of a screen for less than two hours a day. Also during the experiment it turned out that volunteers from less active group(those who watch TV all evening long) increase the risk of cardiovascular disease by more than two times. Note that these results are valid regardless of the number of participants.

Transforming your workspace can save the day

If you sit at your workplace without getting up throughout the working day, and after work you go for a run, you will have the same health risks as your colleague who lies on the couch after work. That's why in many progressive companies, management has equipped standing areas for their employees. That is why in companies that care about the health of their employees, rest rooms are equipped with exercise equipment. That's why many meetings are held informally on a walk, rather than at a round table. And before you start working out good habit regular warm-ups and breaks, we will tell you about the changes that occur in your body during continuous sitting.

Your muscles are weakening

So we know that a sedentary lifestyle can be dangerous. But what exactly is this danger? This problem comes down to the anatomical design of our bodies, which were designed by nature to move. This is why a sedentary lifestyle during long period really affects everything internal systems body, and the muscles suffer first. If we consider modern conditions labor, it is worth noting that people tilt their heads towards the monitor while working, and this puts unbearable strain on the neck and lower back. An unnatural body position while sitting can also be observed during long telephone conversations.

The most common problems that sedentary behavior can give us are few. active image life is problems with the spine. Basically, the emphasis is on problems with posture, pain in the shoulders, neck, back and headaches. But the “bonuses” don’t end there.

This also includes problems with the lungs, heart and stomach. Want to know what happens to your body when you spend too much time at work or on your favorite couch watching TV?

Head

Blood clots that form as a result of sitting for long periods of time can travel through the circulatory system and reach the brain, causing a stroke.

This also includes headaches caused by poor blood flow and problems with the neck and spine. Due to headaches, concentration deteriorates and vision problems may occur.

The fluid that is retained in the legs during a day of sedentary work moves into the neck when you take a horizontal position, that is, you go to bed. And can cause obstructive sleep apnea - sudden stop breathing.

Previously, problems with sleep apnea were associated with obesity, but according to medical data, about 60% of people suffering from this syndrome are not overweight. According to latest study conducted by Canadian scientists, it turned out that in people who spend almost their entire working day sitting, fluid accumulates in the legs, which then moves to the neck when the person assumes a horizontal position (that is, sleeps). This fluid is what causes breathing problems at night.

Heart

A sedentary lifestyle can lead to cardiovascular diseases. In people who suffer from heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea, at night fluid accumulates in the lungs and neck.

Lungs

In people suffering from heart failure and other heart problems, fluid can accumulate in the lungs, leading to breathing problems. Here you can add pulmonary embolism. The problem is even more unpleasant than its name.

Stomach

A sedentary and sedentary lifestyle can lead to obesity and problems with the gastrointestinal tract (including colon cancer). Enzymes that are responsible for muscle function blood vessels, which, in turn, are responsible for burning fat, are turned off. And the metabolic regulation by which the body burns its fuel (especially glucose and lipids) becomes disrupted.

As a result, your butt takes the shape and size of your desk chair.

Here you can add constipation, hemorrhoids and “other joys of life.”

Legs

As mentioned above, during prolonged sitting, fluid accumulates in the legs, which leads to swelling. Another problem is varicose veins veins.

It is important to know about the problems that arise in long-term patients in order, firstly, to prevent them in time and, secondly, to contribute to their speedy resolution. For some diseases and conditions, early prevention of complications that arise from prolonged lying down means a return to normal life after illness.
Speaking about the problems of long-term patients, one should also remember about prevention, but taking into account the fact that all preventive measures must be agreed with your doctor. All problems can be considered through life support systems.
Respiratory system. A long stay in bed leads to the accumulation of sputum in the bronchi, which becomes very viscous and difficult to cough up. Pneumonia occurs very often. Such pneumonia can be called hyperstatic or hypodynamic, i.e. its cause is either a lot of rest or little movement. How to deal with it? The most important thing is massage chest, physical exercise and taking phlegm thinners - these can be: medicines, and homemade: milk with Borjomi, honey, milk with butter, etc.
It is especially important to solve this problem for older people, so the prevention of pneumonia should be very actively started from the first day after a person falls ill, practically from the first hours.
Vessels. One of the complications as a result of a long stay in bed is thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, i.e. the formation of blood clots in the veins, often accompanied by inflammation of the walls of the veins, mainly in lower limbs. This occurs because a person lies motionless for a very long time, the vessels are compressed, the blood stagnates, which leads to the formation of blood clots and inflammation of the vein walls. The cause may be not only immobility, but also the tense position of the limbs. If we place our legs awkwardly, they are in a tense state, not in a relaxed state. This causes the muscle to contract, keeps the blood vessels constricted and reduces blood flow. Next complication which can occur in connection with blood vessels is orthostatic collapse. When a person long time lies, and then is forced, by doctor’s orders or for health reasons, to get up without preparation, he most often experiences orthostatic collapse when arterial pressure decreases sharply when moving from horizontal position to vertical. The person becomes ill, he turns pale and, most importantly, he gets scared. If the next day or a week later you try to raise such a patient again, he will remember how bad he felt, and it is very difficult to convince him that everything will be okay. Therefore, before you lift a person, raise the head of the head, or sit him down, you should find out how long he has been lying in bed, and whether it is worth doing this now, because you must definitely prepare for lifting exercise. If the vessels are not ready, you will cause orthostatic collapse in the patient. And the third complication is, of course, fainting. Orthostatic collapse sometimes accompanied by loss of consciousness; fainting is always a loss of consciousness. This makes an even stronger impression on the patient; his rehabilitation without eliminating such an unpleasant psychological impact will be very difficult.
Skin covering. The skin suffers greatly because a person lies for a long time and, first of all, we are talking about bedsores. The person’s skin is compressed under the weight of the patient, which is aggravated by his immobility. This problem may occur when serious illnesses already after 4 hours. Thus, a few hours of immobile position are enough, and a person may develop bedsores. The skin may also suffer from friction from underwear. In addition, a person lying in bed is usually covered with a blanket - poor ventilation contributes to the occurrence of diaper rash. Due to the fact that under the blanket it is difficult to notice whether the patient has urinated or not, whether he is lying wet or dry, maceration may appear over time - irritation of the skin from moisture and solid particles contained in the urine. How to deal with this? Firstly, the most important thing is to change underwear and bed linen very often, turn the patient as often as possible, and the best thing is, if possible, to sit him down for at least a short time. Sitting gives a person greater freedom of movement, activity and promotes recovery. If you are caring for a patient individually at home, then this problem is not so insurmountable. The most difficult thing is to provide proper care for patients in the hospital. When choosing among patients those who are able to sit without your help, you should sit them down at least for a while, having then the opportunity to take care of other patients.
Musculoskeletal system. Joints and muscles also undergo some changes because a person lies down. From a stationary and tense position, the joints begin to “ossify.” The first stage is the formation of contractures, i.e., a decrease in the amplitude of movement, the second is ankylosis, when the joint is completely immobilized in the position in which it is accustomed to being, and it is almost impossible to change its amplitude and restore movement.
In addition, you should pay attention to the foot. In a supine position, the foot, as a rule, sag a little, is in a relaxed state, and if you do not worry about its physiological position, then even when a person can get up, a sagging and relaxed foot will interfere with walking. In female neurology, we had the following case: a young woman lay in bed for a long time after a right-sided stroke, we did not take care of her leg in time. And when she was finally able to walk almost independently, this drop foot bothered her extremely; she constantly clung to everything, dragged and did not allow her to walk normally. We were forced to bandage the foot with a bandage, but still it was already relaxed.
Bones. Over time, prolonged lying causes osteoporosis, i.e., thinning of bone tissue, and the formation of platelets, cells that actively participate in the immune and blood coagulation system, decreases. With little movement, no matter how much calcium a person consumes, it will not bring the desired result. Calcium is absorbed by bones only during active muscle work. It is very important to monitor the body weight of patients who are susceptible to osteoporosis. Therefore, the prevention of osteoporosis is not only proper nutrition, but also in compulsory physical activity.
Urinary system. Prolonged lying down leads to increased calcium release. If a person does not actively move, then calcium, both obtained from food and contained in the bones, begins to be excreted from the body. Calcium is released through the urine, i.e., by the kidneys. The physiological position (lying down) contributes to the fact that calcium is deposited in the bladder, first in the form of “sand”, and then in the form of stones, so long-term patients begin to suffer from urolithiasis over time.
There are factors that contribute to urinary problems. Sometimes urinary incontinence is preceded by frequent urination. Over time, people, especially older people, suddenly “out of the blue” experience urinary incontinence, which is not functional disorder. This may be due to two reasons. Due to the patient's lying position, firstly, he is irritated large surface bladder and, secondly, fluid is redistributed, the load on the heart increases by 20%, as a result of which the body tries to throw out excess liquid due to urination. When a person is actively working, some of his fluid comes out through sweating, breathing, etc., and in a bedridden patient, the release of water occurs, for the most part, through bladder. In the hospital, in case of acute shortage medical personnel, the most important thing is to give patients the opportunity to learn how to use various items so that urination can occur not in the bed, but in some container.
People who depend on others for care often experience discomfort, which can lead to another complication: urinary retention. A person often cannot urinate on his own, because both an uncomfortable position and inability to use a vessel or duck - all this causes acute urinary retention. However, all these problems can be dealt with, especially if you know about them in advance. It is believed that men suffer more from urinary disorders.
Urinary incontinence, in itself, can lead to the formation and increase of bedsores - this is one of the most powerful factors. Urinary incontinence does not cause the formation of bedsores, but it greatly contributes to it. We need to remember this. It happens that, having once urinated in bed, the patient begins to suffer from severe skin irritation in the area of ​​the buttocks, thighs, etc.
Urinary incontinence is a problem that is very often expected by healthcare workers themselves, especially nurses. It seems that if I entered the ward old man with some impairment of consciousness, which means you can expect problems with incontinence. This waiting psychology is very harmful and should be eliminated.
Gastrointestinal tract. After just a few days in bed appears minor violation digestion. Lost appetite. At first, the patient may experience constipation, and subsequently constipation, interspersed with diarrhea. At home, all foods served to the patient must be fresh. You should always try them yourself first. This rule is written down even in the manuals of the last century for nurses.
Factors that contribute to various impairments in performance gastrointestinal tract- this, of course, is a lying position, immobility, constant use of a bedpan, uncomfortable conditions, lack of active muscle load, which increases intestinal tone.
Nervous system. The first problem here is insomnia. Patients who have been in the ward for one or two days immediately have their sleep disturbed. They begin to ask for sedatives, sleeping pills, etc. To prevent insomnia, the most important thing is to involve the person as much as possible during the day so that he is occupied with various medical procedures, self-care, communication, i.e. so that he stays awake. If it was not possible to cope with insomnia in this way, you can, with the permission of a doctor, resort to soothing decoctions, mixtures, etc., but not strong tablets, because the sleeping pills have a very serious effect on the brain, and in older people this may result in impaired consciousness.
Separately, it should be said about patients who already have a disease of central or peripheral nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis or some kind of lesion spinal cord etc. If for some reason a person is forced to lie in bed, then his ability to lead an active lifestyle decreases. Even a short-term illness affects the functioning of all body systems. And in people who have diseases of the nervous system, this period increases three to four times. For example, if a patient with multiple sclerosis forced to lie down due to a broken leg, then he recovery period very big. A whole month of various physiotherapeutic procedures is needed for a person to learn to walk again and return to the lifestyle that he led previously. Therefore, if patients with a disease of the nervous system are in a supine position for a long time, they need to be especially intensively engaged in gymnastics and massage so that later they can return to normal way life.
Hearing. When people are admitted to the hospital, they often experience various, often progressive hearing impairment, especially in the elderly. Our foreign colleagues note that this is due to the fact that the hospital is very large premises, and where there are large rooms - there is an echo, and where there is an echo - there the hearing is constantly strained and weakens over time.
Nurses often do not understand that a person requires such an expenditure of strength to overcome pain that in order to distinguish the words addressed to him by medical personnel or people around him, additional effort is required, beyond his capabilities. For these cases you can give simple recommendations. You need to talk to a person on the same level. In hospitals, in particular, and maybe at home, nurses get used to “hovering” over the patient’s bed, and talking to the person above you is very difficult, psychological depression arises - the patient no longer understands what is being said to him. Therefore, when you communicate with a patient, it is better to sit on a chair or the edge of the bed, so that you are on the same level with him. It is imperative to see the patient’s eyes in order to determine whether he understands you or not. It is also important that the patient can see your lips, then it is easier for him to understand what you are saying. If you are communicating in a really large room, then there is another technique - talk not in the middle of this large hall or room, but somewhere in a corner, where there is less echo and the sound is clearer.
Another group of patients are those who have hearing aids. When a person gets sick, he may forget about his hearing aid and this, of course, will complicate his communication with other people. Also, remember that hearing aids operate on batteries, the battery may run out and hearing aid will not act. There is another problem related to hearing. When we communicate with a person, not knowing that he does not hear us, his behavior sometimes seems very strange to us. He smiles when he is asked about something serious, when there is no need to smile at all. And it seems to us that the person is a little “out of his mind.” So, first you need to check your hearing, vision and speech. And only if it turns out that hearing, vision and speech are normal, then we can talk about mental disorders.
Another problem for long-term patients is maintaining their dignity. As a rule, any sick person lying in bed, often half naked or not very tidy, forced to resort to the help of other people with physiological functions, hygiene procedures, suffers greatly if the caring staff does not comply with the most simple rules to preserve his human dignity. Then this feeling becomes dull, and it often happens that those patients who are taken to surgery, research, or escorted to the toilet room, sufficient it doesn’t matter in what form they go out into the corridor.
Of course, there is a lot of work in the hospital, it is difficult to think about the dignity of the patients. However, everyone medical worker must constantly remember this problem - no less than the fact that he must give an enema, give injections, write out a prescription, fill out some documentation.
When a person is admitted to the hospital, a reason to go to bed automatically appears for him. A patient enters, for example, a course of chemotherapy, he gets into the ward, he is told: here is your bed, your bedside table, often there is nowhere to even sit down - you have to lie down right away. It's all overwhelming vital activity human, and this should, if possible, be combated. The distance to the bed must be somehow lengthened, and various barriers must be placed. There may be other ways. When we come to a seriously ill patient, we really want to console him, feel sorry for him, and alleviate his suffering, but very often the prevention of complications is associated with the fact that we need to go through pain, through inconvenience, through “I can’t.” The nurse in this case should be not only a nurse, but also an educator, a teacher in some sense.
T.E. Bashkirova,
teacher of St. Dimitrievsky
College of Sisters of Mercy