Nosebleeds in dogs. Nosebleeds in dogs: causes and what to do

Nose bleed in dogs it occurs most often in case of injury

Case study:

The phone call almost woke me up. It was already eleven o'clock in the evening.
A confused story from a dog owner: “A sick neighbor hit him on the head German Shepherd rake on the head. The dog lost consciousness. But when she woke up, she managed to get up and crawl home. Now it lies under the table. Blood trickles from the nose. The dog does not respond to the call. Eyes closed. There’s a huge bump on my forehead.” I called a taxi and rushed to help.

As I expected, the dog was in shock. The gaze is absent, the pupil is dilated. Twilight consciousness. Blood was flowing from the nose. There is a huge hematoma on my forehead. A neighbor broke the bones of the dog's skull.

But I only found out that it was a fracture of the skull bones at night, when the dog started breathing with its forehead. That is, with each inhalation and exhalation, the skin on the forehead rose and fell. So about nosebleeds. It was clearly traumatic in nature. And it was possible to stop the bleeding only with injections of ethamsylate solution. I also recommended ice on the forehead and bridge of the nose. First of all, the dog was brought out of the painful shock. And then surgery was performed.

You're probably wondering what happened to this dog. The dog is alive and well, which is what he wishes for you and me.

Once again about nosebleeds:

1. Traumatic

Traumatic nosebleeds begin as a consequence of injury. The dog can be hit, run over by a car, or hit its head on a hard object while running.

In this case, any movement of the dog is excluded. Don't put your dog down. She should lie with her head on her front paws. Ice wrapped in a towel is placed on the dog's nose. And of course we call the veterinarian.

2. Increased intracranial pressure

Most often it occurs in older dogs with fragile blood vessels. The dog walks with his head hung low. May bump into objects. Nosebleeds can start at any time. In this case, the most important thing is to call a veterinarian in time. First first aid most often not effective.

3. Bleeding from heat stroke

With this type of bleeding, the dog was necessarily in conditions of severe overheating (an exhibition in the summer in the sun, a closed car in the heat, and so on)

First aid:

Place the dog in a cool place, in the shade, in a puddle, and finally, cover it with a wet sheet. Drink water and apply ice or a bottle of water to the bridge of your nose. cold water. Your dog will most likely need the help of a qualified professional.

In this section I do not include diseases such as leptospirosis, piroplasmosis, and zoocoumarin poisoning. Since in these diseases, nosebleeds are not the main symptom and appear during the course of the disease itself.

Remember that nosebleeds are not common in dogs. If you observe a dog with nosebleeds, call your veterinarian immediately.

(Veterinarian Elena Gordeeva: http://zoodoktor.narod.ru)

While waiting for the doctor or on the way to the clinic

Be calm, concentrate and remember some details that will have great importance to make a diagnosis.

1. Make a list of medications you currently give to your dog.

2. Is there rat poison in your house or apartment, or perhaps your dog might have eaten poisoned rodents?

3. Carefully examine the animal's face for asymmetry or deformation. You may notice swelling of the bridge of the nose, loss of integrity or discoloration of the skin on the bridge of the nose, protruding and reddened third eyelid, uneven size eyeballs, lacrimation. Bring this to the doctor's attention.

4. Remember if the dog played too much active games with another animal? Maybe there was a fight?

5. Have you had contact with plants that have hard awns? For example, in the morning a dog ran across a field where wheat or rye is grown.

6. Does the animal sneeze? Does he rub his nose with his paws?

7. Open the animal’s mouth as wide as possible, inspect the gums and lips. Is there blood in oral cavity? Is pallor of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and conjunctiva noticeable? Severe pallor may indicate a large loss of blood, and urgent hospitalization may be required.

Please draw the attention of the clinic reception staff to this; the doctor must accept such a patient without waiting in line.

8. Are there any signs of bleeding from internal organs? Intestinal bleeding may be accompanied by black stools. Sign stomach bleeding is vomiting blood. Attention! If these signs appear after a nosebleed, it may be a consequence of it, since the dog has swallowed a significant amount of blood.

9. Are there any hemorrhages on the skin, swelling on the body (there may be subcutaneous bleeding)?

This information must be passed on to the doctor during the examination.

Based on materials from: http://www.bkvet.ru/

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A dog's nosebleeds invariably cause panic in the owner, and this is understandable, since it is a serious clinical sign possible illness. There are quite a few factors that can provoke such a phenomenon, and it is necessary to determine the reason why a dog’s nose is bleeding.

If your dog there's blood coming out from the nose, you cannot treat it yourself.

The term "nosebleed" refers to cases of nasal discharge, sometimes accompanied by blood from the mouth. While this phenomenon does not pose a serious danger to humans, it can be quite serious in dogs. serious symptom. Bleeding may be caused by injury or infection respiratory tract.

Nosebleeds occur due to damage to the vessels of the mucous membrane, a tendency to bleeding due to the fragility of the capillaries. Dolichocephalic breeds with long noses are prone to nosebleeds.

Bleeding requires a mandatory determination of the cause and solution to the problem. In this case, the owner must not take the following actions:

• Treat your pet yourself, based on the advice of friends.
• Cause panic by making the dog nervous. Otherwise, your pet's blood pressure may increase and the problem will worsen.
• If the blood has dried and crusts have formed that block the nasal passage, you cannot pick them out.

If the dog is calm, you can apply cold to the muzzle. This technique will narrow the blood vessels and reduce the intensity of discharge.

What to tell your veterinarian

Visiting a veterinary clinic – necessary event with bleeding, even if it was stopped on its own. In order for a doctor to make an accurate diagnosis, he must clearly understand the picture of the disease. Therefore, he needs to provide the following information:

• A list of medications your pet is currently taking.
• The possibility of poisoning a dog with some kind of poison, for example, rat poison. Moreover, the dog could eat directly poisonous substance or a poisoned rodent.
• It is worth drawing the doctor's attention to possible deformation of the muzzle: swelling, swelling of the eyes or nose, reddened eyes. Tearing.
• Possibility of contact with plants that can cause injury.
• Presence of cuts and hematomas on the face.

Important. If there is blood inside the dog’s mouth, the mucous membrane is noticeable pallor, the appointment should take place out of turn. The presence of these signs may indicate the presence internal bleeding, and delay in this case can have serious consequences.

Ways to identify causes

Blood and urine tests may be needed to make a diagnosis. The clinic will conduct a blood test for platelets and a biochemical test to determine the rate of blood clotting. The presence of deviations from the norm will indicate diseases that cause bleeding. These may be autoimmune diseases, ehrlichiosis, tumors, poisoning, disseminated intravascular coagulation, von Willerbrand disease, hemophilia.

If the test results do not reveal any abnormalities, the cause of bleeding should be looked for in the nasopharynx. Preliminarily exclude the presence of pulmonary hemorrhage using x-ray examination breasts

The next diagnostic stage is radiography of the nose and mouth. The condition of the teeth and sinuses is assessed, and the presence of tumors in the nasal cavity is determined. Sometimes the cause of bleeding can be a foreign body in the nose. The doctor can detect this using rhinoscopy.

If standard diagnostic measures do not give results, deep endoscopy of the nasal passages is performed. During the procedure, a tissue biopsy is taken. Absolute indicator for a biopsy is the presence of a tumor in the nasopharynx.

Possible Causes of Nosebleeds in Dogs

A dog's nosebleeds can be a sign of serious illness or result from exposure to the mucous membrane.

IN veterinary practice most common following reasons bleeding from a dog's nose:

• High blood pressure. The pressure of blood destroys fragile capillaries, and blood begins to ooze through the mucous membrane. At high blood pressure bleeding is periodic. The blood flows in a thin stream.
• Polyps on the nasal mucosa. Inflammatory diseases respiratory system dogs lead to the growth of the nasal mucosa and the formation of processes in it - polyps. These growths interfere normal breathing, put pressure on the vessels, and periodically bleed.
• Willerbrand's disease (pseudogemophilia). This serious disease, transmitted by inheritance. With this disease, the blood loses its coagulability.
• Injuries. Any blow to the head area can cause bleeding.
• Heatstroke. Severe overheating of a dog often occurs during the hot season or in a room that is too hot and stuffy. The dog needs to be placed in the shade, in a pond, covered wet towel. The animal must be given a drink and a bottle of cold water placed on the bridge of its nose.

Therapeutic measures

In any case, bleeding therapy begins with stopping it. It is traditional to apply cold or insert tampons with adrenaline into the nasal cavity, which sharply narrows peripheral vessels. When found in the nose foreign body or tumor surgery is performed. At malignant tumors The animal is prescribed a course of chemotherapy.

Treatment of nosebleeds depends on its causes, and the treatment method is completely different in special cases. If bleeding is associated with destruction of the capillaries of the nasal mucosa, outpatient treatment is indicated.

Depending on the cause of bleeding, the doctor prescribes special medications:

• Rhinitis is treated with solutions of Povidone or Clotrimazole.
• For cryptococcosis, Sporonox is prescribed.
• Coagulopathy is treated with Prednisolone, Azathioprine, Danazol.
• At bacterial infections a course of antibiotics is prescribed.

Contacting a veterinarian - required condition if your dog has a nosebleed. Only after a thorough diagnosis can any therapeutic measures. Self-medication may worsen the situation or be fatal.

Blood from the nose... Who among us has not encountered this trouble? Few people know that similar problem Some pets were not spared either. Of course, they don’t have problems with blood vessels (that is, they are extremely rare), but there are many others negative factors which may contribute to nosebleeds. So, the dog's nose is bleeding. Your actions? What to do? First, let's deal with the main points.

The term “nasal” may hide cases of hemorrhage from the nostril, the nasal cavity itself, the nasopharynx, or even the mouth. Unlike people in whom this pathology occurs relatively often and in most cases real danger I can’t imagine, in dogs everything can be very serious. Most acute nosebleeds are caused by simple trauma or upper respiratory tract infections. Other reasons may be even more serious and require urgent treatment. Here are the basic rules that a dog owner should follow in these cases:

• Under no circumstances should you try to “treat” your dog yourself. Even if you understand something about veterinary medicine, first consult with a specialist by phone.

• Try not to run around the dog, tearing out your hair screaming: this will not help the matter, and your pet will begin to get nervous, his blood pressure will increase, and therefore the blood will run even faster.

• If your dog is relatively quiet and listens to you, try applying a cold compress to his face. This is especially important when the nosebleed does not stop at all.

• Do not try to pick out dried blood crusts! The dog can breathe through its mouth, but your actions will almost certainly only stimulate the bleeding process.

Read also: Aujeszky's disease - "false rabies" in dogs

What information is advisable to tell the veterinarian?

Now we will give a list useful questions. By answering at least some of them (and remembering to write down the results), you will make life much easier for your veterinarian and your dog:

• Have you recently used rat poison that your pet may have accessed? If he has no appetite, then this version is very likely.

• Did your dog eat one of the poisoned rodents?

• He didn't fight with other dogs, did his nose bleed after the blow?

• Have you walked with your pet through a freshly mown field or meadow, where he could have been injured by grass stubble? Have you ever removed a dozen or so ticks from a dog's skin?

• Does your dog's nose bleed when he sneezes? Have you noticed any blood in his saliva or a broken or damaged tooth in his mouth?

• Have there been any cases of vomiting blood, or has the dog’s feces become tarry in color?

• It will also be useful to mention any episodes of treatment, or any oddities in the animal’s behavior (after a tick bite, for example).

Why can all this happen?

So, why did we write all this out? The answers are hidden in these questions. More precisely, the reasons why your dog’s nose may become like a blood volcano or a spray bottle are partially touched upon.

Read also: Tapeworms in dogs: developmental features, diagnosis and treatment

Firstly, poisoning of animals with rat poisons is not uncommon in the private sector. This is extremely serious, since the effect of such drugs is to block blood clotting in poisoned rodents. Accordingly, if your dog eats a couple of pieces of bait, or tastes an already poisoned mouse, then his blood will stop clotting. Since the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity has a mass of thin capillaries, it is logical that in the event of the slightest scratch or microtrauma, blood will flow from there in a stream. To others extremely dangerous reasons The following can be included:

• Von Willebrand disease (vWD).

• Hemophilia (this happens in dogs too).

• Liver failure .

• Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Let's clarify some points. Firstly, what is Von Willebrand disease? This is extremely difficult hereditary disease(which also exists among people). Its second name is “pseudogemophilia”. We will not go into the intricacies of hematology. All you need to know is that with this pathology, the blood practically does not clot (so blood clots do not form). It differs from classical hemophilia in that loss of coagulation occurs due to the absence of von Willebrand factor in the plasma.

And “in what way” does liver failure relate to predisposing factors? In fact, there is nothing supernatural about this, since the liver is tightly connected to the blood. Severe violations its work seriously impacts the entire body and can also provoke clotting disorders. Other factors that may cause this pathology.

Nosebleeds in dogs.

Nosebleeds may be a sign serious illnesses.
In dogs, nosebleeds are most often accompanied by the growth of a tumor in the nasal cavity, trauma to the nose, inflammatory processes in the nasal passages, a violation of the blood clotting process, and less often the cause is a tooth abscess.
Nosebleeds are caused by the appearance of drops of blood when you sneeze or a persistent drop or stream of blood from one or both nostrils.
What to do if you suspect or discover a nosebleed in your pet?

First aid
Let's say you're at home and your dog starts bleeding and won't stop.
Try to calm the animal. When dogs are excited, just like people, their blood pressure increases, which leads to increased bleeding.
Without consultation with veterinarian Do not give the animal any sedatives.
Ask family members to remain quiet and calm because nervous excitement transmitted from owners to animals. Again, recall the chain: excitement - increase blood pressure- bleeding from the nose.
Place an ice pack on the bridge of your dog's nose. Make sure this does not obstruct breathing. Cold causes blood vessels to constrict, which reduces bleeding.
If after taking the measures the bleeding does not stop or the animal has problems breathing, immediately contact veterinary clinic or call an emergency veterinarian.

While waiting for the doctor or on the way to the clinic
be calm, concentrate and remember some details that will be of great importance for making a diagnosis.

• Make a list of medications you currently give to your dog.
• Is there rat poison in your house or apartment, or perhaps your dog might have eaten poisoned rodents?
• Carefully examine the animal's face for asymmetry or deformation. You may notice swelling of the bridge of the nose, loss of integrity or discoloration of the skin on the bridge of the nose, a protruding and reddened third eyelid, unequal size of the eyeballs, and watery eyes. Bring this to the doctor's attention.
• Do you remember if the dog played too active games with another animal? Maybe there was a fight?
• Has there been contact with plants that have hard awns? For example, in the morning a dog ran across a field where wheat or rye is grown.
• Does the animal sneeze? Does he rub his nose with his paws?
• Open the animal's mouth as wide as possible, examine the gums and lips. Is there blood in the mouth? Is pallor of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and conjunctiva noticeable? Severe pallor may indicate a large loss of blood, and urgent hospitalization may be required. Please bring this to the attention of the clinic reception staff, The doctor must admit such a patient without waiting in line.
• Are there signs of bleeding from internal organs? Intestinal bleeding may be accompanied by black stools. A sign of stomach bleeding is vomiting blood. Attention! If these signs appear after a nosebleed, it may be a consequence of it, since the dog has swallowed a significant amount of blood.
• Are there any hemorrhages on the skin, swelling on the body (there may be subcutaneous bleeding)?
  This information must be passed on to the doctor during the examination.

To make a diagnosis, in addition to a general clinical examination, the following diagnostic tests may be required:
Blood and urine tests
Clinical blood tests (with a mandatory platelet count) and urine are necessary to assess general health and the degree of blood loss, biochemical research blood - to assess the functioning of internal organs. A study of the blood coagulation system is carried out (the blood coagulation rate and coagulogram are assessed).
Detected deviations from the norm may indicate a blood clotting disorder:

• due to a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood (for example, with autoimmune thrombocytopenia, side effect some drugs for chemotherapy, ehrlichiosis, hemangiosarcoma and other tumors)
• because of pathological changes blood coagulation system (for example, in case of hemolytic poisoning, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, liver failure, von Willebrand disease and true hemophilia).

If the results laboratory research is normal, then the problem probably lies in the nasal cavity itself. But before examining the nasal passages, conditions accompanied by pulmonary hemorrhage should be excluded:
lung tumor, pulmonary edema, injury lung tissue. To do this, an X-ray examination of the chest is performed.

If everything is in order with the lungs, they begin an X-ray examination of the nose, superficial rhinoscopy and examination of the teeth. All these procedures require general anesthesia.
They start with x-rays, since other methods can injure tissue. Radiography allows you to assess the condition of the roots of the teeth and sinuses. In the case of a nasal tumor on x-ray an area of ​​bone destruction may be visible. Such tumors often cause nosebleeds in older dogs.

Superficial rhinoscopy is performed using a special device. It is used to explore nasal cavity and, if necessary, foreign objects that cause bleeding are removed from it.

When examining the oral cavity, teeth are cleaned, turning Special attention on the roots, since a tooth root abscess often affects the nasal sinus cavity.

What's next
If using standard methods studies fail to make a diagnosis, conduct deep endoscopic examination nasal passages. During the study, a tissue biopsy is taken, but only if indicated, because there is a risk of increased bleeding. In addition, it is very difficult to obtain an informative tissue sample:

• since the growth of nasal tumors is often accompanied by severe inflammation, behind which the oncological process is masked
• since in conditions of bleeding it is difficult to select a tissue site for puncture.

Detection of a tumor of the facial part of the skull as a result of an x-ray examination is absolute indication to a biopsy, since the prognosis of the disease largely depends on the type of tumor.

Finally
it must be said that sometimes bleeding areas are only accessible for examination surgical method. This procedure is the most traumatic and is accompanied by severe bleeding, so it is used only in exceptional cases to remove a hard-to-reach foreign object or take a tissue sample.

Our health four-legged pets Often it bothers us no less than our own, which is why we perceive any problem with excitement and a desire to get rid of it as quickly as possible unpleasant symptom. One such reason that worries owners is nosebleeds - a situation when blood flows out of the animal's nasal passages or blood clots fly out.

Causes of nosebleeds

Bleeding can be either sharp and profuse, or mild, occurring from time to time. In the first case they talk about acute form, in the second - about problems that are chronic. Regardless of the form, bleeding in dogs can occur for the following reasons:

• Injury. Occurs in case of damage to the soft and bone tissues of the head as a result of an impact, a fall from high altitude or . In this case, bleeding is accompanied by swelling and visible abrasions. To ease your dog's condition, we recommend that you lay your pet down so that his head rests on his paws. The danger of this condition is that it is often internal damage much more dangerous than external ones, which is why the dog should be shown to a doctor as quickly as possible.
• Heatstroke. Long stay in a stuffy room or can also lead to bleeding from the nasal passages. I would like to say that this symptom is in this case not the most dangerous and subsequent exposure to the heat can result in coma and even death of the dog. The animal should be immediately removed to a cool place, covered with a damp sheet, given a drink and a bottle of cool water placed on the bridge of the nose.
• Old age. Intracranial pressure, as well as the fragility of blood vessels caused by, can also lead to bleeding. In this case, we recommend that you do not self-medicate, but consult a doctor who will prescribe maintenance therapy.
• Poisoning., as well as a number of other toxic compounds, leads to the destruction of blood vessels and blocking blood clotting. If you suspect that your pet may have eaten rat poison or eat a poisoned rodent, immediately induce vomiting in the dog and immediately contact a veterinary clinic.
• Ostyug. cover fields and lawns in abundance in June-July, often inhaled by dogs and bitten into soft fabrics nose, causing swelling and suppuration. If the problem is that Ostyug or another foreign body gets into the nasal passage, blood, and subsequently pus, will come from only one, damaged nostril.
• Malignant neoplasms.
  Development squamous cell carcinoma or also destroys or compresses blood vessels. Alas, in this case it is most often impossible to help the animal, but you can significantly prolong its life and relieve it from excruciating pain with specially selected therapy.
• Endocrine pathologies. Hyperfunction thyroid gland or increased secretion adrenal glands of the hormone cortisol - also common reason Problems. Such symptoms can occur under different autoimmune diseases, for example, Cushing's syndrome.
• Infectious diseases. Inflammatory processes in the nose caused by bacteria and viruses, as well as foci of fungal diseases can also manifest as nosebleeds.
• Mechanical irritation. The nasal mucosa is rich blood vessels and at the same time quite tender. Any scratch, even the smallest one, often causes profuse bleeding.
• Oral problems. or gum disease can cause this heavy bleeding that some of the blood will come out through the nose. In this case, the dog often coughs, choking on blood.
• Genetic diseases. There are many conditions in which blood clotting is impaired. Most of these disorders are specific to a specific breed, such as thrombosthenia in Otterhounds or von Willebrandt coagulopathy in Dobermans and Shelties. With this diagnosis, bleeding occurs quite often, and owners have difficulty stopping the bleeding. Without qualified help, dogs can even bleed and die, and animals whose body weight does not exceed 5 kg are at risk.
• Kidney failure. Increased arterial pressure, which is a symptom of this pathology, creates a large load on the vessels, leading to microtraumas and ruptures. In addition to nosebleeds, this disease is accompanied by general lethargy of the animal, thirst and quick loss weight.
• for medicines. Well antibacterial drugs or chemotherapy can lead to increased fragility of the vessels in the nose and permanent injuries accompanied by blood loss.
• Avitaminosis. Deficiency of vitamin K (phylloquinone) leads to a decrease in the formation of prothrombin and, as a result, damage to small capillaries, which are rich in the nasal mucosa. Fortunately, such vitamin deficiency is observed quite rarely in dogs and most often occurs as a consequence general violation metabolism.

What to do?

It is quite difficult to determine the cause of bleeding by eye. This can be done by contacting a specialist and analyzing a number of associated symptoms. However, the first thing the owner must do is try to stop the bleeding. Here is an action algorithm that will help you not get confused in an extreme situation:

• Calm down. Your panic, as you know, is immediately transmitted to the animal, and excitement increases the pet’s blood pressure. And, as a result, bleeding increases, despite the measures taken.
• Cool. Cold compress on the bridge of the nose will lead to vasoconstriction and blood stoppage. In order for the effect of the compress to be stronger, try to fix the animal motionless and hold it for several minutes, without pressing the ice too hard to the head.
• Inspect. Now that first aid has been provided, it’s time to conduct a preliminary examination of the dog. First, dry your face thoroughly. wet wipe, getting rid of traces of blood and inspect the bridge of the nose and nasal passages for swelling, damage and the presence of foreign bodies. If it is clear what the problem is, you can alleviate the dog’s condition yourself, for example, by treating a wound or removing a splinter from the nose. But you need to do this only if you are completely confident in yourself and the correctness of your actions. If you have the slightest doubt, entrust the treatment to a specialist.
• Do not touch the crusts. Very often, crusts form in the dog’s nose, preventing free breathing. Do not be afraid that your pet experiences discomfort when breathing with its mouth - this process is quite natural for animals. Small scabs of dried blood not only prevent the dog from breathing, but also act as a natural blockage damaged vessel and stop bleeding.
• Take him to the clinic. Even if the bleeding has stopped and general state your pet does not inspire suspicion, be sure to show it to the veterinarian. Often, bleeding is a symptom of quite serious diseases, which can only be diagnosed by a specialist.

Additional symptoms

Most often, nosebleeds appear suddenly, and owners are at a loss, not knowing what is causing the bleeding. However, if you carefully observe your pet, you will find several others, obvious or hidden signs, which will help significantly facilitate subsequent diagnosis. What should you pay attention to during a self-examination?

• Asymmetry and deformation of the animal's muzzle. Possible bruising and swelling indicate traumatic cause bleeding. In this case, the doctor should pay attention to the presence of other injuries - possible fractures or hematomas.
• Paleness of the mucous membranes. Pale color of the conjunctiva of the eye and mucous membranes of the mouth may be a sign of large blood loss caused by internal bleeding.
• Vomiting blood and black stools. These symptoms also indicate damage to internal organs and excessive internal bleeding.
• Continuous sneezing. With the help of this physiological process the animal tries to clear the nasal passages of blood and ease breathing. Most often this indicates that bleeding it's already underway for a long time non-stop and not only the dog’s nose, but also the dog’s mouth is full of blood. This often happens with hemophilia or other pathologies in which the blood clotting process is slowed down.
• Heavy breathing and loss of consciousness. If this happens in the warm season or in a stuffy room, most likely we are dealing with heat stroke or overheating in the sun.
• Restlessness, attempts to rub his face with his paws. This is a sign of a foreign body in the nose or mouth. Carefully examine your pet by looking into the nasal passages with a flashlight. If the foreign body is far away, do not try to pull it out yourself - you may drive it even deeper. The veterinarian, using special tools, can easily remove both the splinter and the foreign object.
• Swelling of the skin. If, when pressing on the dog’s paw or side, the hole from the toe does not straighten out immediately, we can talk about swelling of the soft tissues, indicating problems with the kidneys.

Diagnosis and treatment

To diagnose your dog, the doctor will need as much information about the animal as possible. It would be good if, after conducting a preliminary inspection, you immediately inform him about additional symptoms accompanying bleeding. In addition, for the diagnosis to be as accurate as possible, the doctor will need to prescribe a series of laboratory examinations, clarifying the picture:

• Urine and blood tests (including tests for genetic pathologies), as well as serological tests that determine the presence of specific proteins in the blood serum.
• Rhinoscopy, which allows you to closely examine the sinus area.
• X-ray of the nasal passages and chest cavity. In the first case, the suspicion of the presence of malignant neoplasms in the nasopharynx, in the second you can find out the presence of internal bleeding.
• Endoscopy, in which material is taken from the nasal mucosa for biopsy.
• to remove a foreign body or benign neoplasm.

To treat the condition, hemostatic agents are used primarily. medications, designed to speed up blood clotting, as well as various medications designed to eliminate the very cause of bleeding.

In case of large blood losses, the animal is indicated for blood transfusion and supportive therapy to restore strength.

When endocrine disorders good effect provides hormone therapy, which should only be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.

Unfortunately, there is no way to prevent nosebleeds, but a quick and correct response to similar symptom- a guarantee that for you the problem will end with a slight fright, and your health four-legged friend will not be seriously injured.

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