The benefits of work for health treatment. The influence of physical labor on a person. The key to success is in a sense of proportion

It is traditional to celebrate the New Year fully prepared, creatively decorating the house, setting a rich table and wearing the best outfit. Are you tired of the things in your wardrobe? Do you want to show off at the holiday in something new and fashionable? Then take a tailor's tape and a needle in your hands, and fresh ideas in your head.

What is the ideal New Year's dress?

Before you start looking through fashion magazines for patterns, imagine what you want your outfit to look like. If you are going to celebrate the New Year in a restaurant or are going to visit where a decorous evening awaits you, choose a floor-length dress. This outfit looks impressive and visually elongates the silhouette. Looking for a dress for a corporate party? Are you planning to dance at the party? Sew a cocktail outfit: its versatile length will allow you to actively participate in the entertainment. Perfect option for a home celebration - a comfortable tunic dress made of jersey.

When deciding on a model, do not forget about the features of the figure. If you have a disproportion in your physique (hips dominate or, conversely, shoulders and chest), create combination dress, combining plain and printed fabric, light and dark fabric. Emphasize your strengths in every possible way: those with thin waists should take a closer look at feminine new-look outfits, and women with beautiful breasts should take a closer look at empire-line dresses with a deep neckline.

What fabric to choose for the dress?

Your outfit will shine and shimmer beautifully if you sew it from satin, silk muslin or satin. Chiffon is suitable for making a transparent multi-layer skirt, and lace is suitable for decorative inserts. Velvet is distinguished by its deep color and characteristic texture, reminiscent of sheared fur. Have you chosen a model with draperies? Give preference to knitwear. If the dress needs to keep its shape well, buy brocade or taffeta.

As for color, here you can be guided fashion trends. In the winter of 2017-2018, shades of mustard and cranberry, white wine and flax will be relevant. For a New Year's outfit, you can choose fabric in mustard-honey, deep emerald, amethyst or turquoise tones. Believe eastern horoscopes? 2018 is the year of Yellow Earth Dogs, so good luck in New Year's celebration will bring you a yellow outfit.

A new twist on the little black dress

If you don’t have extensive tailoring experience, and perseverance is not your thing, use the idea of the fashionable New Zealand designer Karen Walker. Her charming black '60s-inspired dress is unique and effortlessly stylish and will flatter her slender (boyish) figure. You can sew it in a couple of hours, having 2 m of black crepe chiffon in stock.

Step-by-step instruction:

To get the front and back, cut 2 squares of fabric measuring 0.9 x 0.9 m.
Determine the center of the parts (should follow the shared thread). Set aside the necessary points from it and draw the neckline of the front (green line) and back (blue line).
Connect the shoulder sections (5 cm from the neckline) and sides, and trim the edges of the dress.
Using the remaining fabric, sew a drawstring around the neckline.

Since in itself any little dress black color looks too simple; in a New Year's look it can be complemented with spectacular accessories and shoes.

Lace cocktail dress

A dress of a simple cut can be quite elegant and interesting if it is sewn from openwork fabric. Lace pastel shades will make you more feminine and romantic. Do you prefer the look of a femme fatale? Choose guipure in bright and rich shades.

Necessary materials:

pattern for the base of a dress with a semi-fitting silhouette;
guipure – 1.5×1.1 m;
thin knitwear for lining;
zipper 25 cm.

Step-by-step instruction:

1. Make small adjustments to the base pattern: cut the dress along the waistline, create a V-shaped neckline at the front, deepen the armholes.
2. Place all the details of the dress on the knitwear along the grain thread, trace with chalk and cut out.
3. Cut out the guipure front and back panels so that the neckline lines follow the scallops.
4. Place the front and back panel patterns on the fabric in the same direction, secure with pins and cut out.
5. Leaving the scallops open, apply the lining to the guipure. Stitch all the darts, grabbing the knitwear.
6. Sew the center front and shoulder seams, sew the right side seam (there will be a zipper on the left). Seal the edges.
7. Connect all the parts of the skirt. The central seam of the back panel can not be sewn all the way down - there will be a cut at the bottom. Finish the edges of the cuts.
8. Sew the skirt to the bodice, leaving a gap on the side for the zipper. Overcast the seam along the waistline. Sew in the clasp.
9. Decorate the top of the armhole with scallops (half sleeves), overlay the bottom and hem it.
10. If necessary, also process the bottom of the dress.

Venetian dress

Sometimes what seems complex in form is simple in essence. Bright to that an example is the Murano evening dress. It looks extravagant and rich, thanks to the luxurious wine color, asymmetrical hem and criss-crossing waistband, but it is not difficult to sew. All you need is a couple of meters of red jersey.

Step-by-step instruction:

1. Taking into account the location of the grain thread, cut out all the elements of the dress from knitwear.
2. Sew two parts of the belt from the blanks.
3. Stitch along the sides of the lower front and back pieces.
4. Do the same with the upper parts. Sew a belt into the side seams under the bust.
5. Fold top part bodice along the indicated fold line (wrong side inward), press. Sew it to the bottom.
6. Pair the skirt with the bodice. If desired, the sections of the dress can be overcast, although this is not necessary when working with knitwear.

Experimenting with a belt that can be tied in different ways will allow you to look new every time. Such a bright outfit should be worn with exquisite jewelry, for example, made of Murano glass. The shoes you choose should not overshadow the dress.

Sewing a dress is a long process that requires sewing skills, patience and attention to detail. And if you are still a beginner and don’t know how to sew a simple outfit for every day or a festive one for going out, our photo and video tutorials will help you learn how to approach this issue correctly.

We sew a simple beautiful outfit step by step

I suggest moving on to the lesson, which will help you understand the following question “ how to sew a dress with your own hands"(for beginners patterns and step by step description the whole process).

Straight black sheath dress for girls

I would like to note that the most rated, so to speak, classic cocktail dress is a semi-fitting robe (with a pencil skirt at the bottom). It is suitable for any occasion. During the day you can wear it to the office, and by adding a wide belt, you can go to a party after work.

Material is preferably black, but you can choose checkered or velvet. But remember that velvet will make a more formal option. Stylists advise having a removable element (basque or stylish collar) that will help refresh the look. The basque can be sewn separately from the same material, so no one will dare to reproach you for walking around with a removable basque, and buy the collar at a jewelry store.

Overall, small black dress must be in every woman's wardrobe, and if you have not yet become the owner of such a designer creation, urgently drop everything and start creating it.

Reinforce the facing with thermal fabric. Place on the neckline of the dress face to face. Sweep, grind. Unscrew the facing to the wrong side of the sheath dress, sweep clean, and iron.

Hem the sleeves of the sheath dress. Hem the bottom of the sheath dress.

So, how to sew a sheath dress with your own hands (patterns for beginners).

Baste and stitch the darts. Iron them towards the middle. On the back, sweep the darts, stitch, and iron to the middle of the back.

Baste and stitch the side seams. Sew a hidden zipper along the back. Cut out a facing for the neckline and armhole 3 cm wide. Hem the bottom of the product.

Educational videos for fashionistas and needlewomen

On YouTube, beginning needlewomen can find great amount video tutorials that show in detail the entire process of sewing things. For example, a series of lessons from the master Olga Nikishicheva fell in love with the viewers of Channel One, and we can watch them and get inspired. And such good craftsmen there are a lot, so feel free to choose exactly the one you like.

Simple long dress for plus size ladies at home

For a woman with curvaceous figures, floor-length dresses should be tailored individually to her figure, because such a chic lady should be decorated with no less chic outfits.

Ladies often prefer models bat, but stylists advise choosing “tulip”, “case” or “pencil”.

Beautiful jersey with three-quarter sleeves

A knitted garment is very easy to sew, as it does not require undercuts. With a cowl collar and fringe, you can create a boho-style outfit.

For pregnant women with high waist

Expectant mothers have a lot of free time during pregnancy, which allows them to create, create, create.

How to sew a chic dress for yourself (step by step instructions)

Every fashionista dreams of sewing an exquisite dress like the one in the picture. It can be the same for mother and daughter, for example, the flower in which you will be the most beautiful.

A magnificent wedding dress that is sewn quickly and easily

Not every bride can afford an expensive outfit for one day, so if you are serious, be prepared to spend a lot of time, but the result will meet all your expectations.

It is worth remembering that it is advisable to use satin as a base (it is satin that turns out truly chic). The decorating top can be made of neoprene, chiffon, guipure. If you have chosen a model with bare shoulders strapless, where the corset appears (necessarily with lining), the bottom should be sun or half-sun.

Vintage in retro style will allow you to use less material, and Greek in the empire style looks good on any figure.

How to simply and easily create a prom dress

Graduation evening is one of the most long-awaited events for every girl, so you want to choose the most beautiful dress, but in the store you can’t always find exactly the festive lace dress that you dreamed up in your head.

Fashionable evening with an open back

An elegant flared A-line (or A-line) lace hem with an open back will allow the lady to be the center of attention at any event.

Elsa outfit from “Frozen” for a teenage girl (12 years old)

After the release of the cartoon “Frozen,” girls from all over the world literally fell in love with Elsa and her image with a train. Therefore, more and more often for a little daughter New Year they sew it exactly. For children New Year's party It fits perfectly in the garden.

What interesting things can you come up with for a teenage girl (12 years old)

A child can create a cloud of tulle literally in the evening.

DIY ballroom for dancing

For a stylish “Barbie” who enjoys ballroom dancing, you can come up with a dress with full skirt with a petticoat. A fabric bow and gloves with an elastic band can become stylish decorations that complement the look.

Figure skating clothing

For performances, elastic thin materials are most often chosen that do not hinder movement and look good in motion. A flashlight and a bell with a shuttlecock are classics of the genre.

We create without using a pattern

In one evening, you can recreate an outfit by hand with one seam in a few minutes, even without a sewing machine. This science is not difficult to master, since it does not require skill or knowledge, but it is worth remembering the small nuances that significantly save time.

Summer scarves from true masters

Craftsmen can make beach attire for the summer even using ordinary thin scarves. You will be surprised how many interesting models can be created using simple scarves.

Hoodie for the hot season

Women's fashionable kimono with one-piece sleeves is designed for sunny days. You literally don’t feel such a flyaway on yourself, and the most important thing is that such a one-piece product is sewn with several stitches.

Loose fit wrap

This product looks like a man's white robe, but female figure it looks special, and all thanks to the flowing fabric.

Shirt + a little imagination = chic outfit for going out

A regular shirt allows you to create more quantity original clothes when there is nothing at hand except your loved one’s shirt.

Have you ever wondered why physical labor is often opposed to being educated, happy and full life, is not respected and honored? For me this is the state of affairs for a long time was a given. But, as often happens in my life, it is time for this question to be questioned and analyzed.

Starting from the last grades of school, I was no longer satisfied with answers like “Everyone lives like this,” “Everyone thinks like this,” “Everyone does this.” So today I will try to show you that in questions physical labor the majority is not right that without it we will not be able to develop harmoniously, achieve success, live happily and fully.

Possible reasons for the wrong attitude

First, let's look at the reasons for the wrong attitude. First reason- laziness is as old as human nature itself. I don’t want to say that laziness is not a hindrance to intellectual work. Sometimes it’s even the opposite: I start doing hard physical labor just to avoid writing an article.

But if a person is offered a choice of any profession, then, most likely, his choice will be more related to intellectual work than to physical work. And what a person does not like, he often tries to present to himself and others as of little use or even unnecessary. This is where they come to the rescue Plato's ideas.

Plato taught that man has an immortal soul - a thinking and feeling entity associated with higher information and spiritual matters. The body for the soul is just a temporary shelter associated with everything low, earthly and unclean. This is where the excessive exaltation of intellectualism over physical labor begins.

By the time Christianity becomes the state religion of the Roman Empire, Plato's ideas are already firmly included in it, despite the fact that the main book of Christians - the Bible - says nothing about the immortal soul in Plato's understanding and denies the afterlife itself.

This attitude permeates all levels of society and the entire culture of Europe. In addition, to combat the Reformation, the Jesuit Order created schools and universities throughout Europe, the system and philosophy of education of which became the foundation in almost all educational institutions modern world.

Thus, in addition to natural laziness, a person from childhood receives the idea that intellectual work is associated with something sublime, spiritual and worthy of honor, and physical work is the lot of the plebeians.

AND third reason follows from the second and, in turn, strengthens it even more strongly in our consciousness. This happens in the following way: a child is lazy to work intellectually and does poorly at school (or he is discouraged from studying), as a result he grows up as a person incapable of intellectual work, self-learning and self-development. Low level intelligence, small lexicon, low culture - the only prospect remains unskilled or low-skilled physical labor.

Looking at such a person, people usually confuse cause and effect and become convinced that physical labor does not contribute to mental and moral development and, in general, to the growth of a person as an individual. Below we will see that in fact when the right approach it's just the opposite.

General benefits of physical activity

Today, scientists are increasingly saying that playing sports helps us.

Useful practical result

And, by the way, about usefulness. Practical results that can be beneficial to you personally and to others are another benefit of physical labor.

If the result of sports exercises is the health of the body and mind, then the results of physical labor can be added to vegetables and fruits from your own plot, a cozy and beautiful home environment, or even.

Solution: fall in love with physical labor

What to do now? Quit intellectual work and sports exercises? Of course not. To begin with, you can simply take advantage of every opportunity to physically work: from simply digging a ditch to creating masterpiece furniture from strong oak.

Well, and most importantly: if you work without a good attitude, without a creative approach, then it will be impossible to squeeze out all the bonuses. Is it possible to love physical work? I know from personal experience, which is possible, although not soon and not easy. Think about the benefits it provides, and for free. Usually people pay a lot of money for various trainings, but here we get training for muscles, for the brain, for character, and even with useful external result. Whatever you want, I rushed off to cultivate the vineyard.

Lesson No. 27 “CHRISTIAN FAMILY”

(designed for a strong class)

The purpose of the lesson: give an idea of the family as basic value society, to form in students an idea of a Christian family.

Lesson objectives:

a) educational: introduce the constituent components (categories) necessary to create a Family, introduce their names into the active vocabulary of students; introduce the sacrament of wedding;

b) educational: develop a respectful attitude towards family, family values, educate through lesson examples the concept of “a friendly, happy family.”

c) developing: develop communicative abilities, positive emotions and feelings related to the topic of the lesson.

Participants: 4th grade students

Preparatory work: prepare cards with printed reference words (components), a presentation to accompany theoretical material, a recording of the cartoon “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia”, a recording of the song “Family Anthem”.

Equipment: Computer, projector, presentation “Christian family”, tutorial“Fundamentals of Orthodox culture” grades 4–5, workbooks (for students), magnetic board and magnets, cards with key words.

Keywords: family, wedding, wedding ring, crown, traditions, tact.

During the classes

Organizing time

Checking the presence of students in class, the availability of textbooks, notebooks, and pens.

Checking d/z .

The topic of the last lesson is a Christian at work. Let's remember.

What commandments did the first people receive from the Creator?

multiplication of life (be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.);

Cultivation and storage of the garden;

Knowledge of the world (name the animals.);

Post.

What is fasting? fasting is a temporary abstinence from something good in order to acquire something better.

What kind of work is harmful to humans? a person works only for his own enrichment, work that leads to grief for people.

What does it mean to work conscientiously? If a person works, bringing benefit to people, his work pleases God. A Christian believes that his entire working day passes before God's gaze, and therefore he tries to work honestly. If you climb under the very dome of the ancient temple, you can see the painting as meticulous and beautiful as the one that is right before the eyes of the people standing below. This means that the ancient artists worked conscientiously.

What does work give to a person? Work gives a person experience, knowledge, and strengthens his character.

Imagine that you will be the owner of a business in the future. How will you treat your employees? does not withhold wages to employees. The owner who forces people to work without rest and without days off is also wrong.

Updating students' knowledge - Novel

How did the word “family” come about?

Once upon a time the Earth did not hear about him...

But Adam said to Eve before the wedding:

Now I will ask you seven questions;

“Who will give birth to children for me, my goddess?

And Eva quietly answered “I”,

“Who will raise them, my queen?

And Eva meekly answered “I”

“Who will prepare the food, oh my joy?

And Eve still answered “I”

“Who will sew the dress?

Washing clothes?

Will he caress me?

Decorate your home?

Answer the questions, my friend!”

“I”, “I”...Eva said quietly - “I”, “I”...

She said the famous seven “I”

This is how it appeared on earth family.

Goal setting and motivation

From the poem, guess what it is about we'll talk in class, and ask you to formulate the topic of the lesson.

That’s right, today we will expand our understanding of the concept of “family”, we will see what it includes. So, the topic of our lesson: “Christian family.” - I will ask you to open your workbooks and write down the topic of the lesson.(open the board + d/z : mini-essay my family, lesson 27 at work. notebooks" .) keywords: family, wedding, wedding ring, traditions, tact.

Learning a new topic

Is it necessary to say why a person has a family? I think everyone will answer in their own way, but one simple and true thought will probably be heard - for happiness.

Yes, human happiness is hardly possible without family. Neither the most exciting job nor friends can give what family can give.

Where, if not in the family, does a person get what he strives for at any age: the feeling of being needed by loved ones, the awareness that you are loved or loved by yourself, the belief that there is a place on earth where you are expected and loved.

Where, if not in the family, does a person receive a charge of love and vigor, creative and spiritual strength, without which he cannot live and work normally.

Where, if not in the family, do people receive a wonderful gift - the happiness of motherhood and fatherhood?

Working with the concept

What does the word family mean? How do you think?

Family is the most important thing in life for every person.

Family is the house where I, dad, mom, sister, etc. live.

Family - where everyone takes care of each other.

Dictionary entry FAMILY- a group of close relatives living together

Its main features:

a) marriage or blood family ties between all its members,

b) living together in the same room,

c) general joint budget.

Practical work

- Which important questions should each family decide? (we remove unnecessary things on the board)

Maintain general

farming

Bring up

Make fun of your neighbors

be happy only for your successes

Everyone worries about themselves

Organize

joint leisure

Take care

about elders

Family plays a special role in our lives. In the family, many people learn about the traditions of their people, their country, and the foundations of faith. Family in Orthodoxy is often called the Church, but not a big one, in which there are bishops and priests, but a small one, small, but also - Church. Writing in a notebook

At each desk I prepared material for work - Russian folk proverb. However, you only have the first part folk wisdom, and now you will try to finish the second one.

Proverb: “A family without children, what... like an empty box, a world without sun, like an empty house.

– People said: "A family without children, what hearth without fire ». What thought did the Russian proverb lead us to? We are loved in the family not for something, but for the fact that we were born, for the fact that we are.

– Right. You are daughters and sons, you are grandchildren, nephews and nieces. They love you for this already. The birth of a child fills family life with light, joy, and meaning. (On a magnetic board - "Family", "Joy".)

– Guys, when you say the word “family,” what or who do you imagine in the first seconds? Your home, mother, favorite toys, grandparents,

Working with textbook text

Now open page 86 of the textbook. Read the first sentence.

Practical work

Make up a syncwine for the concept of “family”

Compose a syncwine on the topic “Family”

Topic name_______________( one noun)
Description________________________( two adjectives)
Actions ____________________________( three verbs)
Feeling______________________________ (phrase)
Summary of the essence_______________________________

Dear, beloved, the best

Loves, supports, educates, protects,

Family is the closest thing to me, good mood

Protection, support

Well done.

Two people met and fell in love. Every meeting of lovers brings them joy. But love is not always joy. Sometimes it also includes pain. Why? Answers. To love means to make another person’s whole life your own, and if he is sick, worried, I feel bad.

Front work

Let's return to the textbook page 86 - commented reading

What is marriage called in Orthodoxy? wedding

What do they place on the heads of the bride and groom during the wedding? crown

What are the meanings of a crown? A reward for people's determination to give themselves to each other

What does the “crown of martyrdom” remind you of? about the crown of thorns of Christ

What are you really ready for? loving friend friend the bride and groom? To endure everything to save the family.

Why does a crown, like a wedding ring, have no end? Husband and wife must be faithful to each other until death. Even if there are illnesses and misfortunes in their lives, they must stay together and support each other

conclusion: “The difference between an Orthodox family is that a bride and groom who truly love each other are ready to endure everything to preserve the family, even if there are illnesses and misfortunes in their lives, they must stay together.” On slide

Reading and analysis of texts

On your desks you have cards with texts on the options. Read your stories yourself and prepare an answer to the question (orally).

1 option

There lived a potter in one village. He was a famous master; important gentlemen also came to him with orders. And among the neighbors it was considered a matter of honor to keep dishes made by this potter in the house. In a word, the master’s products were highly valued by everyone.

The potter sculpted it himself, painted it himself, and fired it himself. And his assistants were sons and daughters, and a wife - a golden soul. They will rise in the sun, pray, and get to work. Some heat the stoves, some knead the clay, and some draw flowers and cockerels. They work and sing, they sing and work.

If the cart's wheels are spinning, that's business

Harness your horse to the cart and go about your business boldly,

Hey, hey, don't be lazy,

Hey hey, smile!

If the wheels are spinning, then there is no need to grieve,

If the work is difficult, you need to sing together,

Hey, hey, don't be lazy,

Hey hey, smile!

Question: Prayer and song united all members of the potter's family. Think about what else is the connecting link for everyone in this family? In the family of a potter, in addition to prayer and song, the connecting link is work. Everyone in the family worked, even small children.

(On a magnetic board - "Everyone's work"; "Common cause".)

Option 2

There lived two brothers. The eldest was married and had children. And the youngest was single. The brothers did not want to live together and divided everything they had. When they divided the grain, the pits in which it was stored ended up with the elder on one side of the mill, and with the younger on the other.

The elder brother secretly took grain from his hole and poured it into his brother’s hole, saying:

– God gave me a wife and children, I have someone to earn my bread. And my brother has no one. Let him eat this bread.

But the younger brother also took grain from his hole and secretly poured it into the hole of his elder brother, saying:

– I am alone on earth, no matter where I wander, I can easily find food. My brother has a family, he needs more than me. Let this bread go to him.

They lived like this all their lives. God increased the good of both brothers, and the share of each did not become scarce. The Lord always helps in good and good deeds.

Question: Why did God increase the goodness of both the elder and younger brother? God increased the goodness of each of the brothers, as both helped each other. Everyone cared not about themselves, but about their brother. (On a magnetic board - "Brotherly Love", "Moral Duty".)

– Look, our concept of “family” has been enriched with very new words.

Physical education minute. We worked very well together. Now it's time for us to warm up

Working with textbook text (selective reading)

We continue to work. In a family, it is very important to notice in advance what can cause pain dear person. Let's turn to the textbook page 87 last paragraph. What is this skill called? Tact. An example from the book. In a family, life is impossible without constant mutual forgiveness and patience. That. words are added on the board. (On a magnetic board - Tactfulness, constant forgiveness and patience).

These components are necessary for a Christian family to be friendly and strong. And if you read the fourth paragraph on page 87, you can tell me a few more components.

– What holidays does the author pay attention to?

- Christmas, Easter.Why?These days people are becoming closer friend to friend.What holidays dedicated to family do you know?Mother's Day, Elderly Day, Family Day. Children's Day.What else does the author highlight to preserve a close-knit family? Family traditions That which has been passed on from one generation to another, that which has been inherited from previous generations. What traditions does your family have?(Put on a magnetic board - General events and holidays. Traditions).

Well done.

Guys, now our reference record is presented widely and succinctly. Look carefully at how many components are needed for a Christian Family to be happy, friendly, and strong. Let's read it out loud.

– Please tell me what value we did not mention with you. After all, it is with her that the family begins and we need to put her first in the concept of “family”? Love.

I gave you a priority task - to read the legend about Peter and Fevronia of Murom. Let's remember. Watching the cartoon “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia”

- Guys, who wrote this story for us?writer and publicist Ermolai-Erasmus (Ermolai the Pregreshny).

You watched the cartoon. read the legend. What is it about?

STUDENT'S MESSAGE - The story tells about the prince's illness, his meeting with Fevronia and his miraculous healing, their life together and tests. According to legend, the blessed prince Peter suffered from leprosy. His serious illness could not be treated, but one day in a dream the prince had a vision: the maiden Fevronia from Ryazan land. The virgin healed Prince Peter, became his wife, they suffered persecution, but then again reigned safely in Murom. Peter and Fevronia became models of marital fidelity, mutual love and family happiness during their lifetime. According to legend, they died on the same day - June 25 (July 8 according to the new style) 1228. Their bodies, placed in different places, miraculously ended up in one coffin, which was considered a miracle. Peter and Fevronia were canonized at a church council in 1547. Their relics are kept in the Church of the Holy Trinity of the Holy Trinity Monastery in Murom.

Well done.

Peter and Fevronia became an example for many Christian families. Why? They showed that family should appear only out of love, you need to be true friend friend, loyal and live in harmony.

Today everyone knows that February 14 is St. Valentine's Day, the patron saint of all lovers. But our own intercessors of love, Peter and Fevronia, are often forgotten. - patrons and whose marital union is considered a model. Introduced in Russia since 2008 new holiday - "Day of Family, Love and Fidelity".

The initiative to hold the “All-Russian Day of Family, Love and Fidelity” belongs to the residents of the city of Murom, where the bodies of Peter and Fevronia found their peace. It was in Murom that the first monument to the saints was erected. To popularize the holiday, performances were also staged in many Russian cities: Arkhangelsk, Sochi, Tula, Blagoveshchensk, Omsk, Irkutsk, etc.

To the best families On the day of the holiday, July 8, Russia is awarded a medal for love and fidelity (public award). Families must meet the following criteria:

Long story family union(from 25 years old);
- Strength of relationships based on love and fidelity;
- The well-being of the family, ensured by the work of its members;
- Raising children as worthy members of Russian society.

On one side of the medal the symbol of the holiday “daisy” is depicted, on the reverse - the faces of Saints Peter and Fevronia. The slogan of the medal is: for love and loyalty to the family. Along with the medal, valuable gifts are also awarded, which correspond to the “family theme”, and are determined by local authorities and organizers.

Let's look at the symbol of the holiday. - What do the petals of a flower symbolize? Family members.

What are the petals held on? On the core.

What can happen to the petals if the core is damaged? - He will die.

What does the core symbolize? The values on which a family is based.

In our area there are also 2 families who were awarded this award: 2011 - the Krayushin family: Alexey Mikhailovich and Tatyana Nikolaevna - residents of the village of Oktyabrskoye. 2012 - the Kondratyev family: Stepan Grigorievich and Fedora Alekseevna - residents of the village of Ilyinka. 2 – 6 children each.

In addition to the medal and symbol, this holiday also has an anthem, which is called “Anthem to the Family.”

Watch the video “Hymn to the Family.”

Consolidation

- What was the lesson today?

- What did you learn that was new to you in class today?

- Poem - Antonina

Family Family is happiness, love and luck,Family means trips to the country in the summer.Family is a holiday, family dates,Gifts, shopping, pleasant spending.The birth of children, the first step, the first babble,Dreams of good things, excitement and trepidation.Family is work, caring for each other,Family means a lot of housework.Family is important!Family is difficult!But it is impossible to live happily alone!Always be together, take care of love,Drive away grievances and quarrels,I want my friends to say about us:How nice your family is!

Home/w: mini-essay “My Family”, lesson No. 27 in the workbook.

Reflection

Introduction

Labor physiology is a science that studies the functioning of the human body during work.

Its task is to develop principles and norms that contribute to the improvement and improvement of working conditions, as well as standardization of labor.

Physiology is the science of the life activity of the organism and its individual parts- cells, organs, functional systems. Physiology studies the mechanisms of the functions of a living organism (growth, reproduction, respiration, etc.), regulation and adaptation to external environment. In particular, she studies the regulatory and integrating role of the nervous system in the body.

WITH physiological point From a perspective, labor is an expenditure of physical and mental energy of a person, but it is necessary and useful to a person. And only in harmful conditions or with excessive strain on a person’s powers, they may manifest themselves in one form or another Negative consequences labor. Work is usually characterized by heaviness and tension.

The severity of labor is a characteristic of the labor process, reflecting the predominant load on musculoskeletal system And functional systems of the body (cardiovascular, respiratory, etc.), ensuring its activity. The severity of labor is characterized by physical dynamic load, the mass of the load being lifted and moved, total number stereotypical working movements, the magnitude of the static load, the nature of the working posture, the depth and frequency of body tilt, and movements in space.

Labor intensity is a characteristic of the labor process, reflecting the load primarily on the central nervous system, sense organs, emotional sphere employee. Factors characterizing labor intensity include: intellectual, sensory, emotional stress, the degree of monotony of workload, and work mode.

Ergonomics is a science that studies human functionality in labor processes from the point of view of anatomy, anthropology, physiology, psychology and hygiene in order to create tools and working conditions, as well as technological processes that best meet the requirements of the human body.

Ergonomics and aesthetics of production are components production culture, i.e. a set of labor organization measures aimed at creating a favorable working environment. Improving the production culture is based on the requirements of the scientific organization of labor. Production culture is achieved proper organization work processes and relations between employees, improvement of workplaces, aesthetic transformation of the working environment.

There is a distinction between mental and physical work.

Physical work

As for physical labor, quite objective criteria for assessing severity have been defined for it, these are energy consumption.

All types of physical work are performed with the participation of muscles, which, when contracting, perform work in the physiological sense of the word. Replenishment of muscle energy occurs due to their consumption nutrients, constantly entering the bloodstream. The same blood flow carries away waste substances from the muscles - oxidation products. The main source of energy is the oxidation of glycogen by oxygen, also contained in the blood. Glycogen is a polysaccharide formed by glucose residues. It is deposited in the cytoplasm of liver and muscle cells. When there is a lack of glucose in the body, glycogen is broken down by enzymes into glucose, which enters the blood.

Physical work is usually divided into three groups according to its severity. This division is based on oxygen consumption as one of the objective indicators of energy consumption available for measuring. In this regard, work is distinguished: light, moderate severity and heavy.

Light work includes work performed while sitting, standing or associated with walking, but without systematic stress, without lifting and carrying heavy objects. These are works in clothing production, precision instrument making and mechanical engineering, printing, communications, etc.

The medium-heavy category includes work related to constant walking and carrying small (up to 10 kg) weights, and performed while standing. This is work in mechanical assembly shops, mechanized open-hearth, rolling, foundry, forging, thermal shops, etc.

The heavy category includes work associated with systematic physical stress, as well as with constant movement and carrying of significant (more than 10 kg) weights. These are blacksmith works with hand forging, foundry works with manual filling and pouring of flasks, etc.

To increase the delivery of oxygen and nutrients, as well as to remove their oxidation products the cardiovascular system increases blood flow. This is done in two ways: by increasing the heart rate and increasing the volume of each heart contraction.

So, the main physiological reactions of the body to physical work are increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, increased breathing and increased pulmonary ventilation, changes in blood composition, increased sweating. Changes gradually increase, reaching a certain level at which the increased work of organs and systems is balanced with the needs of the body.

Upon termination of work, recovery period, when the changed functions gradually return to normal. But the recovery time various functions not the same:

pulse, pressure, respiratory rate and pulmonary ventilation are restored in 10-15 minutes;

blood composition, etc. - in 45-50 minutes.

This is due to the fact that during intensive work the body’s internal resources are mobilized, non-working tissues and organs are depleted of oxygen and nutrients, as well as the absorption of the reserves themselves. muscle cells which, due to these internal reserves, can work for some time without consuming oxygen (the so-called anaerobic phase of muscle work). To replenish these reserves during rest, the body continues to consume increased amount oxygen.

If, during prolonged hard work and with the mobilization of all the body’s resources, delivery required quantity oxygen and nutrients are not provided, muscle fatigue occurs.

Muscles work not only when a person moves weights, but also when he holds them in place, or holds the weight of his own body or its individual parts (torso, arms, head).

In this regard, the main indicators of the severity of the labor process are:

· weight of cargo lifted and moved manually;

· stereotypical labor movements;

· working posture;

· body tilts, movement in space.

A forced and even more uncomfortable body position, even in the case of light work, can lead to rapid fatigue, because static load on the same muscle groups is more tiring. The working posture can be free, uncomfortable, fixed or forced. Free poses include comfortable sitting postures, with the possibility of changing the working position of the body or its parts. Fixed working posture is the impossibility of changing the relative position of various parts of the body relative to each other. Similar postures are encountered when performing work related to the need to distinguish small objects during work. The most rigidly fixed working postures are for representatives of those professions who have to perform their main production operations using optical magnifying devices - magnifiers and microscopes. Uncomfortable working postures include postures with a large bend or turn of the torso, with arms raised above shoulder level, with uncomfortable placement lower limbs. Forced postures include working postures lying down, kneeling, squatting, etc.

Physiologists distinguish several stages in the work process:

· at the beginning, performance increases (workability);

Having reached a maximum, labor productivity remains at this level more or less long time(stable work);

· then a gradual decrease in performance (fatigue) occurs.

b Organizing short breaks at the end of maximum performance reduces fatigue and increases overall labor productivity.

Except physiological changes in the form of fatigue, different kinds physical stress can also cause some pathological phenomena in the body, i.e. diseases:

· long work in an awkward position can lead to curvature of the spine to the side (scoliosis) or forward (kyphosis);

· at long standing or walking under load - flat feet or varicose veins veins of the lower extremities;

· constant static tension or monotonous movements during hard intensive work lead to neuromuscular diseases (inflammation of the tendons, neuroses, lumbago, etc.);

· frequent and prolonged tension of the same groups of abdominal muscles - hernias;

· tension in the organs of vision - myopia.

ь Particularly sensitive to adverse effects various harmful factors in the female body. In particular, when physical activity over 15 kg, prolapse of the uterine body is observed. Constant static and dynamic load on the spine and legs in women can lead to disruption of the shape and function of the feet, changes in the sacropelvic angle. Women whose working conditions are associated with vibration may experience spontaneous abortions, premature birth, toxicosis of the first and second halves of pregnancy. Big practical significance represents an effect on specific functions of the female body chemical substances, even when their content does not exceed maximum permissible concentrations (MPC).

The term “health” in the charter World Organization Health Care (WHO) is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” In this sense, the health of the population is influenced by working and living conditions, housing conditions, wage levels, food supply and their quality, condition medical care, climatic and geographical and other social and hygienic factors.