Law on military service. Federal Law on Conscription and Military Service

Document type
Law
Receiving authority
The State Duma Federal Assembly RF
Acceptance date
28.03.1998
06.03.1998
Number
53-FZ
Date at the Ministry of Justice

Number in the Ministry of Justice

Document's name
FEDERAL LAW dated March 28, 1998 N 53-FZ
(ed. dated 07/21/98)
"ON MILITARY RESPONSIBILITY AND MILITARY SERVICE"
(adopted by the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on March 6, 1998)
Publication source
The document was not published in this form.
The original text of the document was published in publications
"Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation", 03/30/98, No. 13, Art. 1475,
"Rossiyskaya Gazeta", N 63-64, 02.04.98.
Information about the publication of documents creating this edition
(link type "Given in the EDITION"), see the help to these documents.
Document Note

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

THE FEDERAL LAW

ABOUT MILITARY LIABILITY AND MILITARY SERVICE

(as amended by Federal Law dated July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ)

Real the federal law carries out legal regulation in the field military duty and military service for the purpose of implementation by citizens Russian Federation constitutional duty and responsibility to protect the Fatherland.

Section I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Military duty

1. Military duty for citizens of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as citizens) provides for:
military registration;
compulsory preparation for military service;
conscription;
completion of military service upon conscription;
staying in reserve;
conscription for military training and military training while in reserve.
2. During the period of mobilization, during martial law and in wartime, the military duty of citizens is determined by federal constitutional laws, federal laws, and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and also provides for:
conscription for military service upon mobilization, during martial law and in wartime;
military service during the period of mobilization, during martial law and in wartime;
military training during martial law and in wartime.
3. Citizens are exempted from military service only on the grounds provided for by this Federal Law.
4. Citizens have the right to fulfill their constitutional duty to defend the Fatherland by voluntarily enlisting in military service in the manner established by this Federal Law.
5. Citizens have the right to replace military service with alternative civilian service in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal law.
6. The fulfillment of military duty by citizens is ensured, within their competence, by state authorities, other state bodies and institutions, local government bodies, organizations, regardless of organizational - legal forms and forms of ownership (hereinafter referred to as organizations) and their officials.
7. Compensation for expenses incurred by organizations and citizens in connection with the implementation of this Federal Law is carried out from the federal budget in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 2. Military service. Military personnel

1. Military service is a special type of federal public service performed by citizens in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as in the border troops of the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation, in internal troops Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, in the Railway Troops of the Russian Federation, troops Federal agency government communications and information under the President of the Russian Federation, civil defense troops (hereinafter referred to as other troops), engineering, technical and road construction military formations under federal executive authorities (hereinafter referred to as military formations), the Service foreign intelligence of the Russian Federation, bodies of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, bodies of the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation, federal bodies of government communications and information, federal bodies state protection, the federal body for ensuring mobilization training of government bodies of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as bodies) and special formations created for wartime.
2. Citizens undergo military service upon conscription, as well as voluntarily (under contract).
3. Citizens undergoing military service are military personnel and have a status established by federal law.
4. Information about military personnel is entered into their personal files and documents military registration, maintenance and storage of which are carried out in the manner established by legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 3. Legal basis conscription and military service

The legal basis for conscription and military service is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in the field of defense, military duty, military service and the status of military personnel, international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Article 4. Responsibilities of officials of state authorities, local government bodies and organizations to ensure the fulfillment of military duty by citizens

1. Managers, other officials (employees) of organizations responsible for military registration work, officials of local self-government bodies are obliged to:
notify citizens about calls (agendas) from military commissariats of districts, cities without district division, other municipal (administrative - territorial) entities (hereinafter referred to as military commissariats) or other bodies carrying out military registration;
provide citizens with the opportunity to timely appear on calls (subpoenas) from military commissariats or other bodies that carry out military registration;
send within two weeks, at the request of military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration, the information necessary for entering into military registration documents information about citizens entering military registration, who are registered with military authorities, as well as those who are not, but are required to be registered with military authorities.
2. Heads of organizations operating residential premises, officials (employees) of these organizations responsible for military registration work are required to report within two weeks to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration information about changes in the composition of citizens permanently residing or staying for more than three months, who are or are required to be registered with the military.
3. Internal affairs bodies, within their competence, are obliged to:
send within two weeks, at the request of military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration, the information necessary for entering into military registration documents information about citizens registered with military records;
carry out a search and, if available, legal grounds carry out the detention of citizens evading military registration, conscription for military service or military training, military service or military training;
send within two weeks to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration, information about cases of identification of citizens who are not registered, but are required to be registered with the military, as well as information about persons who have received citizenship of the Russian Federation and are subject to military registration.
4. Civil registry authorities are obliged to report, within two weeks, to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration, information about changes to the civil status acts of citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military.
5. Inquiry bodies and preliminary investigation bodies are obliged to inform military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration within two weeks about the initiation or termination of criminal cases against citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military, or about the referral of these criminal cases to the court.
6. Federal courts within two weeks, report to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration:
on the initiation or termination of criminal cases against citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military;
about those who joined legal force sentences in relation to citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military, with the sending to military commissariats or other bodies that carry out military registration, military documents of citizens sentenced to compulsory labor, correctional labor, restriction of freedom, arrest or imprisonment.
7. State medical service bodies - social expertise are obliged, within two weeks, to report to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration information about the recognition as disabled of citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military.

Article 5. Measures to ensure that citizens fulfill military obligations or enter military service under a contract

1. To conduct a medical examination, medical examination and medical examination of citizens when registering for military service, conscription or entering military service under a contract, conscription for military training, medical transfer examination of citizens, previously recognized as limitedly fit for military service due to health reasons, as well as for the implementation of other activities related to the conscription or entry of citizens into military service under a contract and conscription for military training, executive authorities in the Russian Federation and local governments are obliged to ensure the provision of equipped territories and premises, medicines, medical equipment, tools, property, transport, to be involved in carrying out these events necessary doctors- specialists, intermediate medical staff, other specialists and technical workers.
2. Citizens participating in activities to ensure the fulfillment of military duties by citizens or the entry of citizens into military service under a contract, during participation in these activities at their place permanent job paid average earnings, they are reimbursed for expenses associated with renting (subletting) housing and paying for travel to another area and back, as well as travel expenses.

Article 6. Material support for citizens in connection with their performance of military duty or their entry into military service under a contract

1. Citizens for the period of a medical examination, medical examination or treatment to resolve issues regarding their registration with the military, compulsory preparation for military service, conscription or voluntary enrollment in military service, conscription for military training, as well as for the duration of their performance of other duties related to military registration, compulsory preparation for military service, conscription or voluntary enrollment in military service and conscription for military training, are exempted from work or study with retention of their place of permanent work or study and payment of average earnings or a scholarship at the place of permanent work or study in the amount of no more than 10 times the minimum wage, they are reimbursed for expenses associated with renting (subletting) housing and paying for travel from their place of residence (work, study) and back, as well as travel expenses.
2. During military training, citizens are exempt from work or study, retaining their place of permanent work or study and paying average earnings or a scholarship at the place of permanent work or study in the amount of no more than 10 times the minimum wage. They are also paid a salary according to a military position provided for by the staff of a military unit, ship, institution, organization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies (hereinafter referred to as the military unit), a salary according to military rank and are reimbursed for travel expenses for the time they are on the road .

Article 7. Responsibility of citizens and officials for violation of this Federal Law

1. In case of failure of citizens to appear at the place and time specified in the summons of the military commissariat or other body carrying out military registration without good reason, as well as in other cases established by this Federal Law, they are held accountable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
2. Valid reasons for a citizen’s failure to appear on a summons from the military commissariat or other body carrying out military registration, subject to documentary confirmation of the reason for failure to appear, are:
illness or injury of a citizen associated with loss of ability to work;
serious condition health of father, mother, wife, husband, son, daughter, sibling, sister, grandfather, grandmother or adoptive parent of a citizen or participation in a funeral specified persons;
an obstacle that arose as a result of force majeure, or another circumstance that does not depend on the will of the citizen;
other reasons recognized as valid by the draft commission, the commission for initial military registration (military commissar - for citizens called up for military service from the reserve) or the court.
3. Doctors - specialists involved in medical examination, medical examination and medical examination of citizens in connection with their military registration, conscription for military service or voluntary enlistment in military service, conscription for military training, members of draft commissions, officials of government bodies authorities, local government bodies and organizations that through their actions contribute to the evasion of citizens from performing military duty or the illegal conscription of citizens for military service, as well as preventing citizens from fulfilling military duty or not fulfilling the duties established by legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, are held accountable provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Section II. MILITARY REGISTRATION

Article 8. Organization of military registration

1. Citizens are required to be registered with the military, with the exception of citizens:
exempted from military service in accordance with this Federal Law;
undergoing military service or alternative civilian service;
serving a sentence of imprisonment;
females who do not have a military registration specialty;
permanently residing outside the Russian Federation.
The procedure and features of military registration of citizens serving in internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system and federal tax police bodies are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation. (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)
2. Military registration of citizens is carried out at their place of residence by military commissariats. In settlements where there are no military commissariats, primary military registration is carried out by local government bodies.
3. Military registration of citizens who have military ranks as officers and are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the bodies of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation is carried out by these bodies in the same manner as determined by this Federal Law.
4. Military registration documents must contain the following information about the citizen:
last name, first name and patronymic;
Date of Birth;
location;
Family status;
education;
place of work;
fitness for military service due to health reasons;
professional suitability for training in military registration specialties and for military service in military positions;
basic anthropometric data;
military service or alternative civilian service;
undergoing military training;
possession foreign languages;
availability of military registration and civilian specialties;
presence of the first sports category or sports title;
initiation or termination of a criminal case against a citizen;
having a criminal record;
reservation of a citizen who is in reserve with a government body, local government body or organization for the period of mobilization and in wartime.
5. The collection, storage, use and dissemination of information contained in military registration documents is carried out in accordance with federal law.
6. The procedure for military registration of citizens is determined by this Federal Law and the Regulations on Military Registration, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
7. State authorities, local government bodies, organizations and their officials perform duties for organizing and maintaining military registration of citizens in accordance with this Federal Law and the Regulations on Military Registration.
8. Citizens permanently residing outside the Russian Federation and who have expressed a desire to perform military service upon conscription in military positions filled by soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, can be registered with the military in military commissariats on the territory of the Russian Federation in the manner determined by the Regulations on military registration, subject to the conclusion and ratification by the Russian Federation of relevant international treaties.

Article 9. Initial registration of citizens for military registration

1. The initial military registration of male citizens is carried out from January 1 to March 31 in the year they reach the age of 17 years by the commission for military registration of citizens created in the district, city without district division or other municipal equivalent (administratively - territorial) formation.
2. Officials of organizations or educational institutions are obliged to provide citizens working or studying in these organizations or institutions with the opportunity to timely appear when summoned by the military commissariat for military registration.
3. If citizens subject to military registration do not work or study, upon receipt of a summons from the military commissariat, they are required to personally arrive at the military commissariat at their place of residence for initial military registration.
4. The initial military registration of female citizens after they have received a military registration specialty, as well as persons who have received citizenship of the Russian Federation, is carried out by the military commissariat throughout the entire calendar year.
5. The commission for registering citizens for military service is approved by the head of the local government body (local administration) in the following composition:
military commissar of a district, a city without a district division or another municipal (administrative-territorial) entity equal to them (hereinafter referred to as the military commissar) or deputy military commissar - chairman of the commission;
specialist in professional psychological selection;
secretary of the commission;
doctors are specialists.
6. The commission for registering citizens for military service is obliged to organize medical examination citizens, determine their suitability for military service for health reasons, carry out measures for professional psychological selection of citizens to determine their suitability for training in military registration specialties and make a decision on registering the citizen for military service or submit the issue of enlistment to the reserve for consideration by the draft commission a citizen recognized as partially fit for military service, or the question of exemption from military duty for a citizen recognized as unfit for military service.
7. The chairman of the commission for registering citizens for military registration or, on his instructions, the secretary of the commission is obliged to announce to the citizens the decision of the commission and explain their responsibilities for military registration.

Article 10. Responsibilities of citizens regarding military registration

1. In order to ensure military registration, citizens are obliged to:
be registered for military service at the military commissariat at your place of residence, in locality where there are no military commissariats - in local government bodies, and citizens who have military ranks of officers and are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation - in the specified bodies;
appear at set times and a place on summons (summons) to the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration, at the place of residence or place of temporary stay;
upon dismissal from military service into the reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, report within two weeks from the date of exclusion from the lists of personnel of the military unit to the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration at the place of residence for military registration;
report within two weeks to the military commissariat or other body carrying out military registration at the place of residence about a change in marital status, education, place of work or position, place of residence within the district, city without district division or other municipality;
deregister from the military register when moving to a new place of residence or place of temporary stay (for a period of more than three months), as well as when leaving the Russian Federation for a period of more than six months, and register with the military within two weeks upon arrival at the new place of residence, place temporary stay or return to the Russian Federation;
carefully store a military ID (a temporary certificate issued in exchange for a military ID), as well as a certificate of a citizen subject to conscription for military service. In case of loss of these documents, within two weeks, contact the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration at your place of residence to resolve the issue of obtaining documents to replace the lost ones.

2. Citizens subject to conscription for military service who leave their place of residence during the conscription period for a period of more than three months must personally report this to the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration at the place of residence.
3. Citizens also perform other duties established by the Regulations on Military Registration.

Section III. MANDATORY AND VOLUNTARY TRAINING
CITIZEN TO MILITARY SERVICE

Article 11. Mandatory preparation of a citizen for military service

1. Mandatory preparation of a citizen for military service provides for:
obtaining basic knowledge in the field of defense;
training in the basics of military service in a state, municipal or non-state secondary (full) educational institution general education, educational institution of primary vocational and secondary vocational education and at training centers of organizations;
military - patriotic education;
training in military registration specialties for soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen in the direction of the military commissariat;
medical examination and medical examination;
carrying out therapeutic and recreational activities.
2. Mandatory preparation of citizens for military service is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 12. Obtaining basic knowledge by citizens in the field of defense

State educational standards General and vocational education provides citizens with basic knowledge about state defense, the military duty of citizens, as well as the acquisition of skills in the field of civil defense.

Article 13. Training of citizens in the basics of military service in educational institutions secondary (complete) general education, educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education and at training centers of organizations

1. Before being called up for military service, male citizens undergo training in the basics of military service in state, municipal and non-state educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education, educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education during the last two years of study.
Training of citizens in the basics of military service is carried out by full-time teachers of these educational institutions in accordance with state educational standards.
The training of citizens in the basics of military service involves holding training camps with them at the end last year training.
2. Citizens who have reached the age of 16 years, working in organizations and who have not undergone training in the basics of military service in the educational institutions specified in paragraph 1 of this article, are involved in classes in the basics of military service at training centers created in organizations by local governments in accordance with the procedure , established by the Government of the Russian Federation.
3. Financing of the training of citizens in the basics of military service is carried out in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation, at the expense of the federal budget.

Article 14. Military-patriotic education of citizens

1. The Government of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments, together with the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, federal executive authorities in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law, and officials of organizations are obliged to systematically carry out work on military-patriotic education citizens.
2. Citizens who have been trained in military-patriotic youth and children's associations are given a preferential right to enroll in military schools of their choice, provided they meet all the requirements for admission to military educational institutions of vocational education.
The training received by citizens in military-patriotic youth and children's associations is taken into account by draft commissions when determining the type and type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as other troops, military formations and bodies in which they will serve.
The regulations on these associations are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
3. Financing of activities for military-patriotic education of citizens is carried out from the federal budget. Additional financing of this activity can be carried out from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local budgets and extra-budgetary funds with the consent of the owners of these funds.

Article 15. Training of citizens in military registration specialties

1. Training of citizens in military registration specialties of soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen in public associations and educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education is carried out in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.
The specified training is received by male citizens who have reached the age of 17 years, including students of educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education, in which such training is integral part professional educational program.
Students (pupils) of other educational institutions do not receive training in the military registration specialties of soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen.
The number of citizens subject to training in the military registration specialties of soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen is determined by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
2. A citizen who has mastered the complex military registration specialty of a soldier, sailor, sergeant, petty officer, included in the list determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, when called up for military service, has the right to choose the type and type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies taking into account the real need for such specialists.
3. Financing and educational and material support for the associations and institutions specified in paragraph 1 of this article are carried out by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on a contractual basis from the federal budget.

Article 16. Medical examination and medical examination of citizens upon initial military registration and carrying out therapeutic and recreational activities with them

1. When initially registering for military service, a citizen is subject to a medical examination by specialist doctors: therapist, surgeon, neurologist, psychiatrist, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, dentist, and, if necessary, doctors of other specialties.
If it is impossible to obtain a medical report on a citizen’s suitability for military service for health reasons, the commission for registering citizens for military service sends him for an outpatient or inpatient medical examination at medical institution, located on the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation in which he resides.
2. If necessary, a citizen may be sent to a medical institution located on the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation in which he lives for medical and recreational activities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of the health of citizens.
3. Financing of medical examination, medical examination and medical and recreational activities related to the performance of military duty by citizens is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, at the expense of the federal budget.

Article 17. Voluntary preparation of a citizen for military service

1. Voluntary preparation of a citizen for military service provides for:
practicing military applied sports;
additional training educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens, in educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education, as well as in military bands of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies (hereinafter referred to as military bands);
training under the training program for reserve officers at military departments at a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties).
2. Voluntary preparation of citizens for military service is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 18. Engagement of citizens in military applied sports

1. Citizens subject to conscription for military service have the right to engage in military applied sports in public associations, educational institutions, sports clubs and sections, regardless of their departmental affiliation.
2. Citizens who, in accordance with the established procedure, have been assigned the first sports rank or sports rank in a military-applied sport, enjoy a preferential right when enrolling in military schools or have the right to choose, when conscripted for military service, the type and type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies in accordance with sports training specified citizens and taking into account the real need for them.

Article 19. Training in additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens in educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education and military bands

1. Educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education with additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens are Suvorov military schools, Nakhimov military schools maritime schools and military music schools created by the Government of the Russian Federation. The Government of the Russian Federation has the right to create other educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education with additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens. Regulations on these educational institutions are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
2. Training in additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens is also carried out in military bands. The regulations on students of military bands are approved by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the relevant federal executive body, in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law.
3. Minor citizens - orphans, as well as minor citizens left without parental care, entering educational institutions specified in paragraph 1 of this article, or military bands, are enrolled in them without exams based on the results of an interview and medical examination.

Article 20. Training of citizens under training programs for reserve officers at military departments

1. A citizen studying full-time in a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), fit for military service for health reasons and meeting the requirements established by this Federal Law, has the right to conclude a contract with the Ministry Defense of the Russian Federation, a contract on training under the training program for reserve officers at the military department at this educational institution and on completing military service upon conscription after receiving the military rank of officer. This contract provides for the obligation of a male citizen to undergo military service upon conscription in the manner established by this Federal Law. A citizen undergoing training under the reserve officer training program is paid an additional scholarship in the manner and amount determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, at the expense of the federal budget.
2. A citizen who has not concluded a contract provided for in paragraph 1 of this article cannot study at a military department at state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education that have state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties).
3. Training of citizens under training programs for reserve officers at military departments at state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation. These programs may provide training for female citizens.
4. The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, in agreement with the state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), selects and appoints teaching staff of the military department at this educational institution.
5. Male citizens enrolled in reserve officer training programs undergo training camps or internships provided for in the reserve officer training programs. The specified training camps or internships are equivalent to military training.

Article 21. Participation of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and federal executive authorities, in which this Federal Law provides for military service, in preparing citizens for military service

1. The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and federal executive authorities in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law:
participate in the development of a list of military registration specialties and military applied sports;
develop, together with the federal executive body for health care, requirements for the health status of citizens conscripted or entering military service, as well as undergoing military service;
develop, jointly with the federal executive body for education, state educational standards, programs and methods for preparing citizens for military service;
participate in the creation, financing and logistical support of educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education, educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education, educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education with additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens, military departments at state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), as well as organizations that prepare citizens for military service on a contractual basis.
2. The selection of citizens subject to conscription for military service, as well as candidates for military service under a contract in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies to perform special duties of military service is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Section IV. CALLING CITIZENS FOR MILITARY SERVICE

Article 22. Citizens subject to conscription for military service

1. The following are subject to conscription for military service:
a) male citizens aged 18 to 27 years, who are or are required to be registered with the military and are not in the reserve (hereinafter referred to as citizens who are not in the reserve);
b) male citizens aged 18 to 27 years who have graduated from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and are enrolled in the reserve with the military rank of officer (hereinafter referred to as citizens enrolled in reserve with the assignment of the military rank of officer).
2. Citizens who, in accordance with this Federal Law, are exempt from military duty, conscription for military service, citizens who have been granted a deferment from conscription for military service, as well as citizens who are not subject to conscription for military service, are not conscripted for military service.
3. The conscription of citizens for military service is carried out on the basis of decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.
4. The decision to conscript citizens for military service can be made only after they reach the age of 18.
5. Male citizens enlisted in the reserves with the military rank of officer, called up for military service, have the status of military personnel performing military service under a contract. The specifics of their military service are determined by this Federal Law and the Regulations on the procedure for military service, approved by the President of the Russian Federation.

Article 23. Citizens exempt from conscription for military service or not subject to conscription for military service

1. Citizens are exempt from conscription for military service:
a) recognized as unfit or partially fit for military service due to health reasons;
b) undergoing or have completed military service in the Russian Federation;
c) undergoing or have completed alternative civil service;
d) have completed military service in another state;
e) having an academic degree of Candidate of Sciences or Doctor of Sciences;
f) in the event of the death of a father, mother, brother, sister in connection with the performance of their military service duties.
2. The following citizens are not subject to conscription for military service:
a) those serving a sentence in the form of compulsory labor, correctional labor, restriction of freedom, arrest or imprisonment;
b) having an unexpunged or outstanding conviction for committing a crime;
c) in respect of which an inquiry or preliminary investigation is underway or a criminal case in respect of which has been transferred to court.

Article 24. Deferment from conscription of citizens for military service

1. Deferment from conscription for military service is granted to citizens:
a) recognized in the manner established by this Federal Law as temporarily unfit for military service due to health reasons - for a period of up to one year;
b) busy constantly caring for father, mother, wife, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother or adoptive parent, if there are no other persons obligated by law to support these citizens, and also provided that the latter are not fully supported by the state and are in need for health reasons in accordance with the conclusion of the state medical and social examination body at the place residence of citizens called up for military service, in constant outside care (assistance, supervision) or are disabled people of the first or second group, have reached old age retirement age or have not reached the age of 18 years;
c) having a child raised without a mother;
d) having two or more children;
e) having a child under three years of age;
f) the mother (father) of whom, in addition to them, has two or more children under the age of eight years or disabled since childhood and is raising them without a husband (wife);
g) those who entered work in their specialty directly after graduating from educational institutions of higher professional education on a full-time basis in state organizations, the list of which is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation - for the duration of this work;
h) those who have graduated from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and serving in internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system, federal tax police authorities and customs authorities of the Russian Federation, and also students in educational institutions specified bodies or who graduated from these educational institutions and received special titles - for the duration of their service in these bodies. (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)
2. The following citizens also have the right to receive a deferment from conscription for military service:
a) full-time students in state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of primary vocational, secondary vocational or higher professional education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) - for the duration of training.
The right to the specified deferment from conscription for military service is granted no more than two times (for obtaining professional education of this or more high level in any two of specified types educational institutions).
Citizens have the right to a deferment for receiving vocational education in case of re-entry into vocational educational institutions this level, as well as in cases of a one-time use of academic leave or a one-time transfer to another educational institution of vocational education of a given level, if the previously specified deferment was granted to them no more than once;
b) receiving postgraduate professional education full-time study in state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and scientific institutions who have licenses to conduct educational activities for educational programs of postgraduate professional education, - for the duration of training and defense of qualifying work;
c) having a higher pedagogical education and constantly working in teaching positions in state, municipal or non-state rural educational institutions with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), - for the duration of this work;
d) permanently working as doctors in rural areas, - for the duration of this work;
e) to whom this right is given on the basis of decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.
3. Citizens enlisted in the reserves with the assignment of the military rank of officer are subject to a deferment from conscription for military service on the grounds provided for in subparagraphs "a", "b", "c", "g" and "h" of paragraph 1 and subparagraphs " b", "c", "d" and "e" of paragraph 2 of this article.

Article 25. Terms of conscription of citizens for military service

1. Conscription of citizens who are not in the reserves for military service is carried out twice a year from April 1 to June 30 and from October 1 to December 31 on the basis of decrees of the President of the Russian Federation with the following exceptions:
a) citizens living in certain areas of the Far North, the list of which is determined by the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, are called up for military service from May 1 to June 30;
b) citizens living in rural areas and directly involved in sowing and harvesting work are called up for military service from October 15 to December 31;
c) citizens who are teaching staff of educational institutions are called up for military service from May 1 to June 30.
2. Conscription for military service of citizens enlisted in the reserve with the assignment of the military rank of officer is carried out within the time limits established by the President of the Russian Federation.

Article 26. Organization of conscription of citizens for military service

1. Conscription of citizens who are not in the reserves for military service includes:
attendance at a medical examination and meeting of the draft commission;
reporting to the military commissariat for dispatch to the place of military service and staying at the military commissariat before being sent to the place of military service.
The conscription of these citizens into military service is organized by the head of the local government body together with the military commissar and carried out by a draft commission, which is created in each district, city without district division, or other municipal entity by decision of the head of the local government body (hereinafter referred to as the conscription commission).
2. Conscription for military service of citizens enlisted in the reserves with the assignment of the military rank of officer includes:
appearing for a medical examination and before the military commissar to make a decision on conscription for military service;
reporting to the military commissariat and receiving an order to leave for the place of military service.
The conscription of these citizens into military service is organized and carried out by the military commissar.
3. Citizens are summoned to events related to conscription for military service by summons from the military commissariat.
4. The procedure for conscription of citizens for military service is determined by this Federal Law, other federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, the Regulations on conscription for military service, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 27. Composition of the draft commission

1. The composition of the draft commission includes:
deputy head of a local government body - chairman of the commission;
military commissar - deputy chairman of the commission;
secretary of the commission;
a doctor who supervises the medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service;
a representative of the relevant internal affairs body;
representative of the relevant education authority.
2. The draft commission may include representatives of other bodies and organizations.

Article 28. Responsibilities of the draft commission and the military commissar for the conscription of citizens for military service and the procedure for the work of the draft commission

1. When conscripting citizens who are not in the reserves for military service, the draft commission is charged with organizing a medical examination of these citizens and making one of the following decisions regarding them:
about conscription for military service;
on referral to alternative civil service;
on granting a deferment from conscription for military service;
on exemption from conscription for military service;
about enrollment in the reserve;
on exemption from military duty.
When conscripting citizens enlisted in the reserves with the military rank of officer, these responsibilities are assigned to the military commissar.
2. In the event of citizens evading conscription for military service, the conscription commission or military commissar sends the relevant materials to the prosecutor at the place of residence of these citizens to resolve the issue of bringing them to justice in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
3. When making a decision to conscript citizens who are not in the reserves for military service, the draft commission determines the type and type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies in which these citizens will serve in military service.
4. The draft commission is also responsible for organizing a medical examination of citizens who have expressed a desire to enroll in military educational institutions of vocational education, and making a decision on sending them to take competitive entrance exams or refusing to do so.
5. The conscription commission (military commissar - for citizens called up for military service from the reserves) makes appropriate decisions on the basis of this Federal Law, other federal laws, the Regulations on conscription for military service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
6. The chairman of the draft commission (military commissar) announces the decision to the citizen in respect of whom it was made, and, at the request of the citizen, gives him a copy of the decision.
7. The decision of the draft commission can be appealed by a citizen in established by law of the Russian Federation, the period from the day the citizen receives a copy of the said decision to the draft commission of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation or to the court, and the decision of the military commissar - to the military commissar of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation or to the court. A citizen’s complaint must be considered within five days from the date of its receipt by the draft commission of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation or the military commissar of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation. In this case, the implementation of the decision of the draft commission or military commissar is suspended until the decision is made by the draft commission of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation, the military commissar of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation or the court decision enters into legal force.

Article 29. Conscription commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation

1. By decision of the head of the executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, a draft commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation is created, which includes:
deputy head of the executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation - chairman of the commission;
military commissar of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation - deputy chairman of the commission;
secretary of the commission;
doctors are specialists involved in conducting medical examinations and medical examinations of citizens;
a representative of the internal affairs body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation;
representative of the executive body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation for education.
The draft commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation may include representatives of other bodies and organizations of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
2. Conscription commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation:
organizes medical checkup citizens who are not in the reserve, called up for military service, before being sent to the place of military service, as well as a control medical examination of citizens who have received an exemption from conscription for military service for health reasons, and citizens who have declared disagreement with the conclusions about their suitability to military service based on the results of a medical examination;
carries out methodological management of the activities of draft commissions;
checks the correctness of granting citizens deferments and exemptions from conscription for military service;
controls the validity of sending citizens for military service in the branches and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies;
considers complaints from citizens conscripted for military service against decisions of conscription commissions.
3. The draft commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation has the right to overturn the decisions of lower draft commissions.
4. The decision of the draft commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation on a citizen’s complaint may be appealed by him to the court within the period established by the legislation of the Russian Federation from the date of receipt of a copy of the said decision. The decision of the draft commission is suspended until the court decision enters into legal force.

Article 30. Medical examination and medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service

1. Citizens subject to conscription for military service undergo a medical examination by specialist doctors: therapist, surgeon, neurologist, psychiatrist, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, dentist, and, if necessary, doctors of other specialties.
If it is impossible to give a medical report on a citizen’s suitability for military service on the spot, the specified citizen is sent for an outpatient or inpatient medical examination to a medical institution located on the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation in which he lives.
2. Doctors supervising the medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service, based on the results of the medical examination, give an opinion on the suitability of these citizens for military service in the following categories:
A - fit for military service;
B - fit for military service with minor restrictions;
B - limited fit for military service;
G - temporarily unfit for military service;
D - not fit for military service.
3. The procedure for organizing and conducting a medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service is determined by the Regulations on military medical examination, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
4. In agreement with the commander (chief) of a military unit (military medical institution), military specialist doctors may be involved in medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service.
5. Financing of medical examination and medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, from the federal budget.

Article 31. Responsibilities of citizens subject to conscription for military service

1. Citizens who are not in the reserve and are subject to conscription for military service are required to appear on a summons from the military commissariat for a medical examination, a meeting of the draft commission or to be sent to a military unit for military service, and also to remain at the military commissariat before being sent to the place of passage military service.
2. Citizens subject to conscription for military service are required to receive summons from the military commissariat against signature. Subpoenas are handed to citizens by employees of the military commissariat or at the citizen’s place of work (study), by other officials (employees) of organizations responsible for military registration work, as well as by officials of local government bodies responsible for military registration work. Subpoenas must indicate the legal consequences of citizens' failure to comply with the requirements set out in them.
If it is impossible for the specified employees, managers or officials to serve summons on citizens subject to conscription for military service, ensuring their arrival at events related to conscription for military service is entrusted to the relevant internal affairs bodies based on a written request from the military commissar.
3. Male citizens enlisted in the reserves with the military rank of officer are required to appear upon summons from the military commissariat for a medical examination, as well as to the military commissar to make a decision on conscription for military service and receive an order to leave for the place of military service.
4. In the event of a citizen’s failure to appear without good reason when summoned by the military commissariat to events related to conscription for military service, the specified citizen is considered to be evading military service and is held accountable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Section V. ENTRY OF CITIZENS INTO MILITARY SERVICE
BY CONTRACT

Article 32. Contract for military service

1. A contract for military service is concluded by a citizen with the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation or the federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service, in writing standard form in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
2. The contract for military service stipulates the voluntariness of a citizen’s entry into military service, the period during which the citizen undertakes to perform military service, and the terms of the contract.
3. The terms of the contract for military service include the obligation of a citizen to perform military service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations or bodies within the period established by the contract, to conscientiously perform all general, official and special duties of military personnel established by law and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as the right of a citizen to respect his rights and the rights of his family members, including receiving benefits, guarantees and compensation established by legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation defining the status of military personnel and the procedure for performing military service.
4. The contract for military service comes into force on the day it is signed by the relevant official in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service and terminates from the day the serviceman concludes another contract for military service, the serviceman is excluded from the lists of the military unit in the event specified in paragraph 6 of this article, as well as in other cases established by federal laws.
5. The conclusion of a contract for military service, its termination, as well as other relations related to it, are regulated by this Federal Law, the Regulations on the procedure for military service, as well as legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation defining the procedure for military service and military status.
6. Military personnel appointed to the position of Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, heads of federal executive bodies in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law, perform military service in the corresponding position without concluding a contract for military service. The contract for military service, which was concluded by military personnel before appointment to the specified position, ceases to be valid. The specified military personnel retain the status of military personnel performing military service under a contract.
After the said military personnel are released from duty, they enter into a new contract for military service or are dismissed from military service on the grounds and in the manner determined by this Federal Law and the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

Article 33. Requirements for citizens entering military service under a contract

1. A citizen entering military service under a contract must meet the medical and professional-psychological requirements of military service for specific military specialties. To determine whether a citizen meets the established requirements, a medical examination and professional psychological selection activities are carried out.
2. Medical examination of citizens is carried out in accordance with the Regulations on military medical examination. Based on the results of the medical examination, a conclusion is given on the citizen’s suitability for military service in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 30 of this Federal Law. A citizen who is recognized as fit for military service or fit for military service with minor restrictions can be accepted for military service under a contract.
3. Activities for professional psychological selection are carried out by specialists in professional psychological selection in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service. According to the results of professional psychological selection one of the following conclusions is made on the professional suitability of a citizen for military service under a contract in specific military positions:
recommended first - first category;
recommended - second category;
conditionally recommended - third category;
not recommended - fourth category.
A citizen who, based on the results of professional psychological selection, is classified in the fourth category of professional suitability cannot be accepted for military service under a contract.
4. A citizen entering military service under a contract, in addition to the requirements specified in paragraph 1 of this article, must also meet the requirements for the level of:
education;
vocational training;
physical training.
5. The requirements provided for in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this article are established by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law.

Article 34. Conclusion of a contract for military service

1. A contract for military service may be concluded by:
military personnel whose previous contract for military service is ending;
military personnel undergoing conscription military service who have served for at least 12 months;
citizens in reserve;
male citizens who are not in the reserves, who have graduated from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties);
female citizens who are not in the reserve;
other citizens in accordance with regulatory legal acts of the President of the Russian Federation.
Citizens admitted to military educational institutions of vocational education enter into a contract for military service in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 35 of this Federal Law.
2. Citizens aged 18 to 40 have the right to enter into the first contract for military service.
3. The selection of candidates for military service under a contract from among citizens not in military service is carried out by military commissariats, and from among military personnel - by military units in the manner established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
4. Determining the compliance of citizens with the requirements established for those entering military service under a contract is entrusted to the commissions of military commissariats for the selection of candidates entering military service under a contract.
Determining whether military personnel meet the requirements established for those entering military service under a contract is the responsibility of the certification commissions of military units.
Representatives of the military units for which the selection is being carried out may take part in the work of the commissions of military commissariats for the selection of candidates entering military service under a contract.
A copy of the commission's decision must be given to the citizen at his request within three days from the date the decision was made.
5. The grounds for refusing a candidate entering military service under a contract to conclude an appropriate contract with him are:
the absence in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies of vacant military positions in accordance with the candidate’s training profile or the military registration specialty he received;
decision of the certification commission of the military unit, approved by the commander (chief) of the military unit, on concluding a contract for military service with another candidate based on the results of a competitive selection;
decision of the commission of the military commissariat or the certification commission of a military unit on the non-compliance of a candidate entering military service under a contract with the requirements established by this Federal Law.
A contract for military service cannot be concluded with citizens in respect of whom a conviction has been made and who have been sentenced, in respect of whom an investigation or preliminary investigation or criminal case has been submitted to the court, citizens who have an unexpunged or outstanding conviction for committing crimes, as well as with citizens serving a sentence of imprisonment.
6. The commander (chief) of a military unit makes a decision to conclude a new contract for military service or to refuse to conclude one with a soldier performing military service under a contract no later than three months before the expiration of the current contract.
7. If a citizen is denied a contract for military service, he has the right to appeal this decision to a higher authority, the prosecutor's office or court.

Article 35. Admission of citizens to military educational institutions of vocational education. Concluding contracts for military service with citizens studying in military educational institutions of vocational education

1. The following have the right to enroll in military educational institutions of vocational education:
citizens who have not completed military service - aged 16 to 22 years;
citizens who have completed military service and military personnel undergoing military service upon conscription - until they reach the age of 24 years;
military personnel performing military service under a contract - in the manner determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law.
Citizens entering military educational institutions of vocational education must meet the requirements established for citizens entering military service under a contract.
Citizens enrolled in military educational institutions of vocational education are appointed to military positions as cadets, students or other military positions in the manner determined by this Federal Law, the Regulations on the procedure for military service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. Citizens who have not undergone military service, upon enrollment in military educational institutions of vocational education, acquire the status of military personnel undergoing military service upon conscription, and enter into a contract for military service upon reaching the age of 18 years, but not earlier than their completion of the first year of study in specified educational institutions.
Military personnel performing military service under a contract, upon enrollment in military educational institutions of vocational education, enter into a new contract for military service.
Citizens who have completed military service under a contract, as well as those who are or have completed military service by conscription, upon enrollment in the specified educational institutions, enter into a contract for military service before the start of training.
Military personnel who refuse to conclude a contract for military service in the manner established by this Federal Law are subject to expulsion from military educational institutions of vocational education.
3. Military personnel undergoing conscription military service who are not enrolled in military educational institutions of vocational education are sent for further military service in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
4. Male military personnel expelled from military educational institutions of vocational education for indiscipline, poor academic performance or unwillingness to study, as well as those who refused to enter into a contract for military service, if by the time of expulsion from these educational institutions they had reached the age of 18 years, had not served the established period of military service conscription service and do not have the right to dismissal from military service, exemption or deferment from conscription, are sent to perform military service upon conscription.
In this case, the following are counted toward the military service member's term of military service:
duration of conscription military service before entering a military educational institution of vocational education;
the duration of military service under a contract before entering a military educational institution of vocational education at the rate of two months of military service under a contract for one month of military service on conscription;
duration of military service during training in a military educational institution of vocational education at the rate of two months of military service in the specified educational institution for one month of conscript military service.
Male military personnel expelled from military educational institutions of vocational education who have not reached the age of 18 are dismissed from military service and sent to the military commissariat for military registration and are subsequently called up for military service on a general basis. In case of dismissal of these persons on the grounds provided for in this paragraph, the duration of military service during training at a military educational institution of vocational education is counted towards the period of military service at the rate of two months of military service in the specified educational institution for one month of military service at conscription .
5. Female military personnel expelled from military educational institutions of vocational education are dismissed from military service:
those who do not have a military registration specialty - without military registration;
having a military registration specialty - with enrollment in the reserve and referral to the military commissariat at the place of residence for military registration.
6. The curricula of military educational institutions of vocational education must provide for students to receive both military registration specialties and civilian specialties, the list of which is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Section VI. MILITARY SERVICE

Article 36. Military service

1. The procedure for military service is determined by this Federal Law, other federal laws, the Regulations on the procedure for military service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. Features of military service upon introduction state of emergency and martial law, as well as in conditions of armed conflicts, are determined by federal constitutional laws, federal laws, the Regulations on the procedure for military service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
3. Citizens undergo conscript military service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the agencies and border troops of the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation, the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Railway Troops of the Russian Federation and the troops of the Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation .
Citizens are sent to other troops, military formations and bodies for conscription military service in accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation after filling military positions filled by military personnel undergoing conscription military service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops and bodies specified in paragraph one of this paragraph.
4. The specifics of military service by military personnel who have been convicted and sentenced are determined by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation, legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 37. Performance of military service duties

1. A military serviceman, as well as a citizen undergoing military training, are considered to be performing military service duties in the following cases:
a) participation in hostilities, performing tasks during a state of emergency and martial law, as well as in armed conflicts;
b) execution job responsibilities;
c) performing combat duty, combat service, serving in a garrison detachment, performing duties as part of a daily detachment;
d) participation in exercises or ship voyages;
e) fulfilling an order or instructions given by the commander (superior);
f) staying on the territory of a military unit during the duty time established by the daily routine or at other times if this is caused by official necessity;
g) being on a business trip;
h) being under treatment, traveling to the place of treatment and back;
i) travel to and from the place of military service;
j) undergoing military training;
k) being in captivity (except for cases of voluntary surrender), in the position of a hostage or internee;
l) unknown absence - until the serviceman is recognized as missing in the manner prescribed by law or declared dead;
m) protection of life, health, honor and dignity of the individual;
o) providing assistance to internal affairs bodies and other law enforcement agencies in protecting human and civil rights and freedoms, maintaining law and order and ensuring public safety; (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)
o) participation in the prevention and mitigation of the consequences of natural disasters, accidents and catastrophes;
p) committing other actions recognized by the court as committed in interests of the individual, society and state.
2. A serviceman or citizen undergoing military training is not recognized as dead (deceased), injured (wounded, traumatized, concussed) or sick while performing military service duties, if this was a consequence of:
a) unauthorized stay outside the location of a military unit or a place of military service established outside a military unit, except for the cases provided for in subparagraphs “l”, “m”, “n”, “o”, “p” and “r” of paragraph 1 of this articles;
b) voluntarily placing oneself in a state of narcotic or toxic intoxication;
c) he has committed an act that is recognized in the prescribed manner as socially dangerous.
3. Commanders (chiefs) are prohibited from giving orders (orders) and instructions that are not related to the performance of military service duties or aimed at violating the legislation of the Russian Federation.
Commanders (chiefs) who gave the indicated orders (instructions) and instructions are held accountable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 38. Duration of military service for military personnel serving under conscription or contract

1. The duration of military service is established:
for military personnel undergoing conscription service - 24 months;
for military personnel who graduated from state, municipal or have state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) of non-state educational institutions of higher professional education, undergoing military service on conscription - 12 months;
for military personnel with the military rank of officer and called up for military service - 24 months;
for military personnel performing military service under a contract - for the period specified in the contract for military service.
2. For military personnel undergoing conscription military service, one day of participation in hostilities or performing tasks in armed conflicts, as well as one day of being in medical institutions due to wounds, concussions, mutilations or diseases received during participation in these actions or conflicts, is counted as two days of conscript military service.
3. The first contract for military service is concluded:
a) with a person entering military service in a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major - for three years;
b) with a person entering military service in a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of ensign, midshipman or officer - for five years;
c) with a military personnel studying at a military educational institution of vocational education - for the duration of study at the specified educational institution and five years of military service after its completion.
4. A soldier undergoing military service under conscription may enter into a first contract for military service for a shorter period, provided that the total duration of his military service under conscription and under the first contract is three years or five years in accordance with subparagraphs “a” and "b" of paragraph 3 of this article.
5. A new contract for military service can be concluded by a military personnel for a period of three years, five years, ten years, or for the duration of training at a military educational institution of vocational education and five years of military service after its completion.
6. A contract for military service may be concluded with a military serviceman for a shorter period - before the onset of age limit his time in military service.
7. With a citizen who is in the reserve and has expressed a desire to enter military service under a contract during emergency circumstances (liquidation of the consequences of natural disasters, implementation of emergency measures, restoration constitutional order and other emergency situations), a contract for military service can be concluded for a period of six months to one year.
8. A serviceman who has completed military service under a contract and entered a military educational institution of higher professional education, as well as entered an adjunct or military doctoral program, enters into a contract for military service for the duration of his studies at the specified educational institution, in an adjunct or military doctoral program and for five years military service after graduation.
9. Military personnel who have an academic degree of Candidate of Sciences or Doctor of Sciences and have reached the age limit for military service are given a preferential right when concluding a contract with them for military service in the manner established by paragraph 3 of Article 49 of this Federal Law.
10. The beginning of military service is considered:
for citizens who are not in the reserve and called up for military service - the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;
for citizens called up for military service from among those who graduated from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and enlisted in the reserve with the assignment of the military rank of officer - the day of departure to the place of military service indicated in the order of the military commissariat;
for citizens called up for military service immediately after graduating from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), who have been awarded the military rank of officer - the day of departure for leave provided by the military commissariat upon completion of these educational institutions;
for citizens who entered military service under a contract - the day the contract for military service came into force;
for citizens who have not completed military service or who have previously completed military service and entered military educational institutions of vocational education - the date of enrollment in the specified educational institutions.
11. The end of military service is considered the date of exclusion of a serviceman from the lists of personnel of a military unit.
A serviceman must be excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of expiration of his military service, except in cases where:
the serviceman is on inpatient treatment;
a female military personnel is on maternity leave or child care leave;
a serviceman undergoing military service upon conscription, at his request, remains in the military unit until the day of departure vehicle carrying out individual or organized transportation of military personnel being transferred to the reserve;
a serviceman participates in ship voyages;
the serviceman is in captivity, in a hostage or interned position;
a serviceman is missing - until he is recognized as missing in the manner prescribed by law or declared dead;
the soldier is under investigation,
as well as in other cases established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
12. The following are not counted towards the period of military service:
the time spent in a disciplinary military unit and the time of serving a disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest;
time of unauthorized abandonment of a military unit or place of military service, regardless of the reasons for abandonment, lasting more than 10 days.
For a soldier released from a disciplinary military unit, subject to his impeccable military service, the time spent in the disciplinary military unit can be counted towards the period of his military service in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

Article 39. Military uniform and insignia of military personnel

1. Military uniforms and insignia are established for military personnel.
Military uniforms and insignia according to military ranks of military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies are approved by the President of the Russian Federation.
Insignia by branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, branches and services, specific military formations according to their functional purpose, personalized insignia, as well as wearing rules military uniform clothing and insignia are determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, the head of the relevant federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service.
2. A serviceman has the right not to wear a military uniform outside the location of a military unit, on vacation, on leave or on leave.
3. Military uniforms and insignia of military personnel are protected by the Patent Law of the Russian Federation.
Uniforms and insignia of non-military employees of federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, organizations, members public associations cannot be similar to military uniforms and insignia of military personnel.
Federal executive authorities and executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation change the uniform and insignia of their employees who are not military personnel, or introduce new ones after their approval by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
The wearing of military uniforms and insignia of military personnel by citizens who do not have the right to do so is prohibited and entails liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
4. Departmental insignia of military personnel are determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, the head of the relevant federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service.

Article 40. Military oath

1. A serviceman who entered military service for the first time, or a citizen who did not undergo military service and was called up for military training for the first time, is taken the Military Oath before National flag Russian Federation and the Battle Banner of the military unit.
2. Approved next text Military oath:
“I, (last name, first name, patronymic), solemnly swear allegiance to my Fatherland - the Russian Federation.
I swear to sacredly observe the Constitution of the Russian Federation, strictly comply with the requirements of military regulations, orders of commanders and superiors.
I swear to fulfill my military duty with dignity, to courageously defend the freedom, independence and constitutional system of Russia, the people and the Fatherland."

Article 41. Taking the Military Oath

1. The taking of the Military Oath is carried out:
upon the arrival of a serviceman to the first place of military service after completing initial military training, the duration of which should not exceed two months;
upon the citizen’s arrival at the first place of military training.
Before taking the Military Oath:
a serviceman cannot be involved in combat missions (participation in hostilities, combat duty, combat service, guard duty) and tasks when a state of emergency is introduced and in armed conflicts;
weapons and weapons cannot be assigned to a military personnel military equipment;
cannot be imposed on a military personnel disciplinary action in the form of an arrest.
2. Taking the Military Oath is carried out in the manner determined by the general military regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Article 42. Military positions

1. A military serviceman performs military service in a military position, with the exception of the cases specified in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this article.
A military personnel can hold only one military position (position).
2. Each military position (position) must correspond to one military rank.
3. A unified list of military positions to be filled by senior officers in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, and the total number of military positions to be filled by colonels, captains of 1st rank in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies approved by the President of the Russian Federation.
Lists of other military positions are approved in the manner determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the relevant federal executive body in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law.
The lists of military positions define military positions that can be filled by female military personnel, civilian personnel, or filled on a competitive basis.
4. A military serviceman may perform military service in non-military positions in the following cases:
being at the disposal of the commander (chief) - no more than three months;
being at the disposal of the commander (chief) in connection with organizational and staffing activities - no more than six months;
being at the disposal of the commander (chief) in connection with the initiation of a criminal case against a serviceman - until a decision is made on the criminal case;
secondment to the bodies, organizations and institutions specified in paragraph 1 of Article 44 of this Federal Law;
in other cases established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

Article 43. Appointment to military positions, release from military positions

1. Appointment to military positions and release from military positions are carried out:
military personnel for whom the state provides for military ranks of senior officers - by decrees of the President of the Russian Federation;
other military personnel - in the manner established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
2. A serviceman may be assigned to temporarily perform duties in a military position that he does not occupy, with his release from performing duties in the military position held - for a period determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
3. A serviceman performing military service under a contract has the right to propose his candidacy for appointment to a vacant or vacant military position for consideration by the relevant certification commission.
4. Carrying out a planned replacement of military personnel performing military service under a contract in the Far North and equivalent areas, areas with unfavorable climatic or environmental conditions, as well as in military units located outside the Russian Federation, is carried out in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
The terms of military service in the specified regions, localities and military units are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 44. Secondment and transfer of military personnel

1. Military personnel may be seconded to federal government bodies, other government bodies and institutions, government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, international organizations in accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation, state unitary enterprises whose property is in federal ownership, joint stock companies, 100 percent of whose shares are federally owned and which perform work in the interests of national defense and state security.
The procedure for seconding military personnel and the specifics of their military service are determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service. The total number of seconded military personnel and the procedure for providing them monetary allowance and other types of allowance, as well as the specifics of secondment of military personnel of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, foreign intelligence agencies and federal state security agencies are determined by the President of the Russian Federation.
2. Military personnel, in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service, may be transferred for further military service:
from the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation to the federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service;
from the federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service, to the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;
from one federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service, to another federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service.

Article 45. Suspension of military service

Military personnel elected by deputies State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, deputies of legislative (representative) bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, heads of executive bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, deputies of representative bodies of local self-government and heads of municipalities and exercising these powers on an ongoing basis, as well as military personnel exercising the powers of members of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, military service in their position is suspended for the entire term of their powers in these bodies with the termination of the contract for their military service and the period of suspension of military service is counted against the serviceman's length of service.
From the date of termination of the grounds for suspension of military service, military personnel enter into a new contract for military service or are dismissed from military service on the grounds and in the manner provided for by this Federal Law.

Article 46. Composition of military personnel and military ranks

1. In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, the following composition of military personnel and military ranks are established:

Soldiers, sailors, ordinary sailor
sergeants, corporal senior sailor
sergeant major junior sergeant sergeant major 2 articles
sergeant sergeant major 1st article
senior sergeant chief petty officer
chief sergeant major
foreman
Ensigns ensign midshipman
and midshipmen senior warrant officer senior midshipman

Officers:
junior officers junior lieutenant junior lieutenant
lieutenant lieutenant
senior lieutenant senior lieutenant
captain captain - lieutenant
senior officers major captain 3rd rank
lieutenant colonel captain 2nd rank
colonel captain 1st rank
senior officers major general rear admiral
Lieutenant General Vice Admiral
Colonel General Admiral
General of the Army Admiral of the Fleet
Marshal of the Russian Federation

2. Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.
3. To the military rank of a serviceman who has a military registration specialty, legal or medical profile, the words “justice” or “medical service” are added accordingly.
4. To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.
5. For persons who are not military personnel, it is prohibited to introduce special ranks or class ranks similar to military ranks.

Article 47. Assignment of military ranks

1. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel:
senior officers - the President of the Russian Federation;
up to colonel or captain 1st rank inclusive - by officials in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
The terms of military service in military ranks and the procedure for their assignment are determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
2. The next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position (position) for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.
3. A military serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution of higher professional education, as well as in postgraduate or military doctoral studies, the next military rank up to and including lieutenant colonel or captain 2nd rank is assigned on the day of expiration of his military service in previous military rank, regardless of the military position (position) he held before entering the specified educational institution.
4. A serviceman may be awarded the next military rank ahead of schedule for special personal merits, but not higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position (position) he occupies.
5. A military serviceman whose period of military service in the assigned military rank has expired, for special personal merits, may be awarded a military rank one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position (position) held by him, but not higher than the military rank of major or captain 3 rank.
6. When a citizen who is serving or has served in the internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system or other law enforcement agencies enters military service, he is assigned a military rank in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service. (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)

Article 48. Deprivation of military rank, reduction in military rank, reinstatement in military rank

1. A military serviceman, as well as a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, may be deprived of his military rank only by a court verdict for committing a grave or especially grave crime.
2. A citizen who has been deprived of a military rank, after the removal or expungement of a criminal record, can be restored to his previous military rank by an official who has the right to assign this military rank in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
3. A serviceman undergoing military service upon conscription may be reduced in military rank, as well as restored to his previous military rank in the manner determined by the Disciplinary Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Article 49. Age limit for military service

1. The age limit for military service is established for:
Marshal of the Russian Federation, army general, fleet admiral, colonel general, admiral - 60 years;
lieutenant general, vice admiral, major general, rear admiral - 55 years old;
colonel, captain 1st rank - 50 years;
for a serviceman with a different military rank - 45 years.
2. For female military personnel, the age limit for military service is 45 years.
3. With military personnel who have reached the age limit for military service, a contract for military service may be concluded for a period of up to 10 years in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service, but not beyond the age of 65 years.

Section VII. DISMISSAL FROM MILITARY SERVICE

Article 50. General provisions for dismissal from military service

1. Dismissal from military service of senior officers is carried out by the President of the Russian Federation, and military personnel in military ranks up to colonels, captains of the 1st rank inclusive - in the manner established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
2. Military personnel are discharged from military service into the reserve, and military personnel who have reached the age limit for being in the reserve at the time of discharge from military service or are recognized as unfit for military service are to retire.

Article 51. Grounds for dismissal from military service

1. A serviceman is subject to dismissal from military service:
a) by age - upon reaching the age limit for military service;
b) upon expiration of the period of military service under conscription or the term of the contract;
c) for health reasons - in connection with his recognition by a military medical commission as unfit for military service;
d) in connection with the recognition by a military medical commission as limitedly fit for military service of a soldier undergoing military service under a contract in a military position for which the state provides for a military rank up to and including senior warrant officer or senior midshipman, or undergoing military service by conscription;
e) in connection with the deprivation of his military rank;
f) in connection with the entry into force of a court verdict imposing a sentence of imprisonment on a military serviceman;
g) in connection with expulsion from a military educational institution of vocational education.
2. A serviceman performing military service under a contract may be early dismissed from military service:
a) in connection with organizational and staffing activities;
b) in connection with the transition to service in internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system, federal tax police bodies or customs bodies of the Russian Federation; (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)
c) due to his failure to fulfill the terms of the contract. A soldier who was discharged this basis, who at the time of dismissal has not completed his conscription military service, is sent for conscription military service with two months of contract military service credited for one month of conscription military service;
d) in connection with the refusal of access to state secrets or deprivation of the said access;
e) in connection with the entry into force of a court verdict imposing a suspended sentence on a military serviceman.
3. A serviceman performing military service under a contract has the right to early dismissal from military service:
a) in connection with a significant and (or) systematic violation of the terms of the contract in relation to him;
b) in connection with his recognition by the military medical commission as limitedly fit for military service;
c) by family circumstances:
due to the impossibility of residence of a family member of a military personnel medical indications in the area in which the serviceman is undergoing military service, and in the absence of the possibility of transferring the serviceman to a new place of military service favorable for the residence of the specified family member;
in connection with a change in the place of military service of the husband - serviceman (wife - serviceman), associated with the need to move the family to another area;
in connection with the need for constant care for a father, mother, wife, husband, sibling, grandfather, grandmother or adoptive parent who, for health reasons, in accordance with the conclusion of the state medical and social examination body at their place of residence, requires constant outside care (assistance, supervision) or who are disabled people of the first or second group or persons who have reached retirement age due to old age or have not reached the age of 18 years, in the absence of other persons obligated by law to support these citizens;
due to the need to care for a child under the age of 18, whom a serviceman is raising without a mother (father);
d) in connection with the exercise of his powers as a member of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;
e) in connection with his election as a deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, a deputy of the legislative (representative) body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, the head executive body state power of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or a deputy of a representative body of local self-government or the head of a municipal entity and the exercise of these powers on an ongoing basis.
A serviceman dismissed from military service on the grounds provided for in subparagraphs "a", "d" and "e" of this paragraph is subject to the rights and benefits provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation on the status of military personnel for military personnel discharged from military service in connection with organizational - regular events.
4. A military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer and is undergoing military service upon conscription has the right to early dismissal from military service if he has the circumstances provided for in subparagraph "e" of paragraph 1 of Article 23 and subparagraphs "b", "c", " d", "e" and "e" of paragraph 1 of Article 24 of this Federal Law.
5. A military serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is undergoing military service upon conscription has the right to early dismissal from military service if he has the circumstances provided for in subparagraph "e" of paragraph 1 of Article 23 and subparagraphs "a", "b" and "c" "Clause 1 of Article 24 of this Federal Law.
6. A serviceman performing military service under a contract, upon the conclusion of the certification commission, may be dismissed from military service early according to at will if he has valid reasons.
7. A deceased (killed) serviceman is excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit with next day after the day of death or death, and a military serviceman recognized as missing or declared dead in accordance with the procedure established by law - after the day the corresponding court decision entered into legal force.

Section VIII. RESERVE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION,
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SERVICES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, FEDERAL
SECURITY SERVICES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Article 52. Enrollment in the reserve

1. The reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is created from among the citizens:
discharged from military service and enlisted in the reserves;
those who have completed training in the training program for reserve officers at military departments at state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education that have state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties);
those who have not completed military service due to exemption from conscription;
those who have not completed military service due to the provision of deferments upon reaching the age of 27 years;
not called up for military service for any other reason;
have completed alternative civil service;
females with a military registration specialty.
The reserve of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation is created in the manner determined by this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. A citizen who has successfully completed the training program for reserve officers at a military department at a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), simultaneously with enlistment in the reserve, is awarded the military rank of officer by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation .
Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen, warrant officers and midshipmen of the reserve who have received a higher professional or secondary vocational education in a civilian specialty related to the training profile of the corresponding military specialty by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation may be awarded the military rank of reserve officer after their certification in the manner , determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.
3. A citizen who has not completed military service in connection with an exemption from conscription for military service or the granting of a deferment, as well as a citizen deprived of a military rank by a court decision, simultaneously with enlistment by a military commissar or an official of another body carrying out military registration, assigned the military rank of private or sailor.
4. A citizen who is in the reserve undergoes a medical examination to determine his suitability for military service in accordance with the Regulations on military medical examination.
5. For citizens serving in internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system, federal tax police bodies and customs bodies of the Russian Federation, the military registration specialty is established by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in agreement with the heads of these bodies. (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)

Article 53. Composition of stock

1. Citizens in reserve are divided into three categories:

Soldiers, sailors, sergeants,
petty officers, warrant officers and
midshipmen up to 35 years old up to 45 years old up to 50 years old

Junior officers up to 45 years old up to 50 years old up to 55 years old

Majors, captains 3rd rank,
lieutenant colonels,
captains 2nd rank up to 50 years old up to 55 years old up to 60 years old

Colonels, captains 1st rank up to 55 years old up to 60 years old

Senior officers under 60 years old up to 65 years old

2. Female citizens who are in the reserve belong to the third category: those with military ranks of officers remain in the reserve until they reach the age of 50 years, and the rest - until they reach the age of 45 years.
3. A citizen who is in the reserve and has reached the age limit for being in the reserve or is recognized in the manner established by this Federal Law as unfit for military service due to health reasons, is transferred by the military commissar or an official of another body carrying out military registration, retired and removed from the military service. accounting.

Article 54. Military training

1. To prepare for military service, citizens in the reserves may be called up for military training.
Military training for other purposes is not permitted.
2. The duration of military training, the place and time of its holding are determined by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation or the federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service.
3. The duration of military training cannot exceed two months. The total duration of military training in which a citizen is involved during his stay in the reserve cannot exceed 12 months.
4. The frequency of conscription of citizens for military training cannot be more than once every three years.

Article 55. Exemption from military duties

1. Female citizens are exempt from military training.
2. The following are also exempt from military duties:
a) citizens reserved for government bodies, local government bodies and organizations for the period of mobilization and in wartime;
b) employees of internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system, federal tax police authorities and customs authorities of the Russian Federation; (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)
c) civilian personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, as well as internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system, federal tax police bodies and customs bodies of the Russian Federation; (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)
d) flight technical personnel, as well as workers and employees of aviation and railway transport, directly carrying out and providing transportation or engaged in the maintenance and repair of aircraft (helicopters), airfield equipment, rolling stock and railway transport devices;
e) floating convoy of vessels navy, as well as the floating composition of the river fleet and the fishing industry fleet - during the navigation period;
f) citizens directly involved in sowing and harvesting work - during the period of such work;
g) citizens who are teaching staff of educational institutions;
h) citizens studying full-time and part-time (evening) forms of study in educational institutions;
i) citizens studying by correspondence in educational institutions - for the period of examination and test sessions and writing thesis;
j) citizens discharged from military service - within two years from the date of transfer to the reserve;
k) citizens with three or more minor children;
l) citizens who have a deferment from conscription for military service on the grounds provided for in Article 24 of this Federal Law, with the exception of the grounds provided for in subparagraphs “d” and “e” of paragraph 1 of this article;
m) citizens staying outside the Russian Federation;
o) members of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, deputies of legislative (representative) bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, heads of executive bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as deputies of representative bodies of local self-government or heads of municipalities carrying out their powers on a permanent basis.
3. The military commissar has the right to exempt a citizen from conscription for military training if there are valid reasons.

Article 56. Procedure for military training

1. The procedure for military training for citizens in the reserves is determined by the Regulations on military training, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
2. Material support for citizens undergoing military training is carried out at the expense of the federal budget in the manner and amount determined by the Regulations on military training.

Article 57. Assignment of military ranks to citizens in reserve

1. Citizens in the reserves may be assigned regular military ranks upon the recommendation of the official in charge military training, only after completing military training and passing tests established by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, but no more than twice during the stay of these citizens in the reserve:
a) soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major, warrant officer and midshipman:
up to and including the chief petty officer - military commissar;
up to senior warrant officer, senior midshipman inclusive - military commissar of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation;
b) officer:
up to major, captain 3rd rank inclusive - commander of the military district;
up to colonel, captain 1st rank inclusive - by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
2. Citizens who are in the reserve and do not have the military rank of officer, who have successfully passed tests under the reserve officer training program during military training, may be awarded the military rank of officer by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
3. Reserve employees of internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system, federal tax police authorities, customs authorities of the Russian Federation, as well as persons dismissed from service in these institutions and bodies, are assigned military ranks by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in the attestation form order taking into account the special ranks they have. (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)
4. Citizens who are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation are assigned military ranks in the manner established by regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Section IX. FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 58. Effect of previously adopted normative legal acts

Regulatory legal acts adopted by the Main Command of the United Armed Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States before the formation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Main Command of the Border Troops of the Commonwealth of Independent States before the formation of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation on issues regulated by this Federal Law remain in force to the extent that does not contradict this Federal law.

Article 59. Effect of exemptions and deferments from conscription for military service

Citizens who have been exempted from conscription for military service or who have been granted a deferment from conscription for military service in accordance with the Law of the USSR "On General Military Duty" and the Law of the Russian Federation "On Military Duty and Military Service" enjoy the specified exemptions and deferments until expiration of their validity period or until their grounds disappear. Citizens serving in internal affairs bodies, institutions and bodies of the penal system on the day this Federal Law enters into force, for the duration of their service in these institutions and bodies, also have the right to a deferment from conscription for military service. (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998) (see text in the previous edition)

Article 60. Validity of previously concluded contracts for military service

Military service contracts concluded before the entry into force of this Federal Law are valid for the periods for which they were concluded.

Article 61. On the inclusion of the period of active military service in the total duration of military service

The duration of a serviceman's active military service before March 1, 1993 is included in the total duration of his military service.

Article 62. On military ranks not provided for by this Federal Law

Military personnel and citizens who are in the reserve or retired are retained military ranks that are not provided for by this Federal Law and were previously assigned to them.

Article 63. On bringing regulatory legal acts into compliance with this Federal Law

To propose to the President of the Russian Federation and instruct the Government of the Russian Federation to bring its regulatory legal acts into compliance with this Federal Law.

Article 64. On the recognition of certain legislative acts as invalid in connection with the adoption of this Federal Law

In connection with the adoption of this Federal Law, the following shall be declared invalid:
Law of the Russian Federation "On Military Duty and Military Service" (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and Supreme Council Russian Federation, 1993, No. 9, Art. 325);
Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for bringing into force the Law of the Russian Federation "On Military Duty and Military Service" dated February 11, 1993 N 4457-1 (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1993, N 9, Art. 326);
Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation "On some measures related to the implementation of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Military Duty and Military Service" dated May 19, 1993 N 4983-1 (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1993, N 24, art. 859);
Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation "On Amendments to the Resolutions of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation "On the Procedure for Enacting the Law of the Russian Federation "On Defense" and "On the Procedure for Enacting the Law of the Russian Federation "On Military Duty and Military Service" dated July 23, 1993 No. 5506-1 (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1993, No. 32, Art. 1270);

Approved
Federation Council
March 12, 1998
(as amended by Federal Laws of July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ,
dated 08/07/2000 N 122-ФЗ, dated 07/11/2000 N 135-ФЗ, dated 02/12/2001 N 15-ФЗ,
dated 12.02.2001 N 16-FZ, dated 19.07.2001 N 102-FZ, dated 13.02.2002 N 20-FZ,
dated May 21, 2002 N 56-FZ, dated June 28, 2002 N 75-FZ, dated July 25, 2002 N 112-FZ,
dated July 25, 2002 N 113-FZ, dated July 25, 2002 N 116-FZ, dated December 30, 2002 N 186-FZ,
dated 22.02.2003 N 27-FZ, dated 30.06.2003 N 86-FZ, dated 11.11.2003 N 141-FZ,
dated 02/22/2004 N 4-FZ, dated 04/22/2004 N 20-FZ, dated 04/26/2004 N 29-FZ,
dated June 19, 2004 N 53-FZ, dated June 29, 2004 N 58-FZ,
as amended by Federal Law dated December 23, 2003 N 186-FZ)

This Federal Law carries out legal regulation in the field of military duty and military service in order for citizens of the Russian Federation to fulfill their constitutional duty and obligation to protect the Fatherland, as well as legal regulation of foreign citizens entering military service and military service in the Russian Federation (as amended by the Federal Law dated 11.11.2003 N 141-FZ, see text in the previous edition).

Section I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Military duty

1. Military duty for citizens of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as citizens) provides for:
- military registration;
- compulsory preparation for military service;
- conscription for military service;
- completion of military service upon conscription;
- staying in reserve;
- conscription for military training and military training while in reserve.

2. During the period of mobilization, during martial law and in wartime, the military duty of citizens is determined by federal constitutional laws, federal laws, and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and also provides for:
- conscription for military service upon mobilization, during martial law and in wartime;
- military service during the period of mobilization, during martial law and in wartime;
- military training during martial law and wartime.

3. Citizens are exempted from military service only on the grounds provided for by this Federal Law.

4. Citizens have the right to fulfill their constitutional duty to defend the Fatherland by voluntarily enlisting in military service in the manner established by this Federal Law.

5. Citizens have the right to replace military service with alternative civilian service in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal law.

6. The fulfillment of military duty by citizens is ensured, within the limits of their competence, by state authorities, other state bodies and institutions, local government bodies, organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership (hereinafter referred to as organizations) and their officials.

7. Compensation for expenses incurred by organizations and citizens in connection with the implementation of this Federal Law is carried out from the federal budget in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 2. Military service. Military personnel

1. Military service is a special type of federal public service performed by citizens in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as in the border troops, in the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, in the civil defense troops (hereinafter referred to as other troops), engineering, technical and road - construction military formations under the federal executive authorities (hereinafter referred to as military formations), the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, bodies federal service security, federal body for special communications and information, federal bodies of state security, federal body for ensuring mobilization training of government bodies of the Russian Federation (hereinafter - bodies), military units of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Disaster Relief and special formations created for wartime, as well as by foreign citizens in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies (as amended by Federal Laws dated July 25, 2002 N 116-FZ, dated June 30, 2003 N 86-FZ, dated 11.11.2003 N 141-FZ, dated 29.06.2004 N 58-FZ, see text in the previous edition).

2. Military service is carried out:
- citizens - by conscription and voluntarily (under contract);
- foreign citizens - under contract in military positions subject to replacement by soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies (clause 2 as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see the text in the previous edition).

3. Citizens (foreign citizens) undergoing military service are military personnel and have a status established by federal law (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition)

4. Citizens (foreign citizens) undergoing military service are subject to mandatory state fingerprint registration in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (clause 4 introduced by Federal Law dated November 7, 2000 N 135-FZ, as amended by Federal Law dated April 26, 2004 N 29 -FZ, see text in the previous edition).

5. Information about military personnel is entered into their personal files and military registration documents, the maintenance and storage of which is carried out in the manner established by legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 3. Legal basis of conscription and military service

The legal basis for military duty and military service is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in the field of defense, military duty, military service and the status of military personnel, international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Article 4. Responsibilities of officials of state authorities, local government bodies and organizations to ensure the fulfillment of military duty by citizens

1. Managers, other officials (employees) of organizations responsible for military registration work, officials of local government bodies responsible for military registration work are obliged to:
- notify citizens about calls (agendas) from military commissariats of districts, cities without district division, other municipal (administrative-territorial) entities (hereinafter referred to as military commissariats) or other bodies carrying out military registration;
- provide citizens with the opportunity to timely appear on calls (subpoenas) from military commissariats or other bodies that carry out military registration;
- send within two weeks, at the request of military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration, information necessary for entering into military registration documents information about citizens entering military registration, who are registered with military authorities, as well as those who are not, but are required to be registered with military authorities.

2. Heads of organizations operating residential premises, officials (employees) of these organizations responsible for military registration work are required to report within two weeks to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration information about changes in the composition of citizens permanently residing or staying for more than three months, who are or are required to be registered with the military.

3. Internal affairs bodies, within their competence, are obliged to:
- send, within two weeks, at the request of military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration, the information necessary for entering into military registration documents information about citizens who are registered with the military;
- carry out a search and, if there are legal grounds, detain citizens evading military registration, conscription for military service or military training, military service or military training;
- send within two weeks to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration, information about cases of identification of citizens who are not registered, but are required to be registered with the military, as well as information about persons who have received citizenship of the Russian Federation and are subject to military registration.

4. Civil registry authorities are obliged to report, within two weeks, to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration, information about changes to the civil status acts of citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military.

5. Inquiry bodies and preliminary investigation bodies are obliged to inform military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration within two weeks about the initiation or termination of criminal cases against citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military, or about the referral of these criminal cases to the court.

6. Federal courts, within two weeks, report to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration:
- on the initiation or termination of criminal cases against citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military;
- on sentences that have entered into legal force in relation to citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military, with the sending to military commissariats or other bodies that carry out military registration, military documents of citizens sentenced to compulsory labor, correctional labor, restriction of freedom, arrest or deprivation freedom.

7. Civil service bodies medical and social examination are obliged, within two weeks, to report to military commissariats or other bodies carrying out military registration information about the recognition as disabled of citizens who are or are required to be registered with the military.

Article 5. Measures to ensure the fulfillment of military duty or entry into military service under a contract

1. To conduct a medical examination, medical examination and medical examination during military registration, conscription or entry into military service under a contract, conscription for military training, medical re-examination of those previously recognized as limitedly fit for military service for health reasons, as well as for the implementation other events related to conscription or enrollment in military service under a contract and conscription for military training, executive authorities in the Russian Federation and local governments are obliged to ensure the provision of equipped territories and premises, medicines, medical equipment, instruments, property, transport, and to attract for carrying out these activities by the necessary medical specialists, nursing staff, other specialists and technical workers (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition).

2. Citizens participating in activities to ensure the fulfillment of military duty or entering military service under a contract, during participation in these activities at the place of their permanent work, are paid an average salary, they are reimbursed for expenses associated with hiring (subletting) housing and paying for travel to another area and back, as well as travel expenses (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition).

Article 6. Material support for citizens in connection with their performance of military duty or their entry into military service under a contract

1. Citizens for the period of a medical examination, medical examination or treatment to resolve issues regarding their registration with the military, compulsory preparation for military service, conscription or voluntary enrollment in military service, conscription for military training, as well as for the duration of their performance of other duties related to military registration, compulsory preparation for military service, conscription or voluntary enrollment in military service and conscription for military training, are exempted from work or study with retention of their place of permanent work or study and payment of average earnings or a scholarship at the place of permanent work or study in the amount of no more than 1,000 rubles, they are reimbursed for expenses associated with renting (subletting) housing and paying for travel from their place of residence (work, study) and back, as well as travel expenses (as amended by the Federal Law of 07.08.2000 N 122-FZ, see text in the previous edition).

2. During military training, citizens are exempt from work or study, retaining their place of permanent work or study and paying average earnings or a scholarship at the place of permanent work or study in the amount of no more than 1,000 rubles. They are also paid a salary according to a military position provided for by the staff of a military unit, ship, institution, organization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies (hereinafter referred to as the military unit), a salary according to military rank and are reimbursed for travel expenses for the time they are on the road (as amended by Federal Law No. 122-FZ of August 7, 2000, see the text in the previous edition).

Article 7. Responsibility of citizens and officials for violation of this Federal Law

1. In case of failure of citizens to appear at the place and time specified in the summons of the military commissariat or other body carrying out military registration without good reason, as well as in other cases established by this Federal Law, they are held accountable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Valid reasons for a citizen’s failure to appear on a summons from the military commissariat or other body carrying out military registration, subject to documentary confirmation of the reason for failure to appear, are:
- illness or injury of a citizen associated with loss of ability to work;
- serious health condition of the father, mother, wife, husband, son, daughter, sibling, grandparent or adoptive parent of a citizen or participation in the funeral of these persons;
- an obstacle that arose as a result of force majeure, or another circumstance that does not depend on the will of the citizen;
- other reasons recognized as valid by the draft commission, the commission for initial military registration (military commissar - for citizens called up for military service from the reserve) or the court.

3. Medical specialists involved in medical examination, medical examination and medical examination of citizens in connection with their registration with the military, conscription for military service or voluntary enlistment in military service, conscription for military training, members of draft commissions, officials of government bodies authorities, local government bodies and organizations that through their actions contribute to the evasion of citizens from performing military duty or the illegal conscription of citizens for military service, as well as preventing citizens from fulfilling military duty or not fulfilling the duties established by legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, are held accountable provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Section II. MILITARY REGISTRATION

Article 8. Organization of military registration

1. Citizens are required to be registered with the military, with the exception of citizens:
- exempted from military service in accordance with this Federal Law;
- undergoing military service or alternative civilian service;
- serving a sentence of imprisonment;
- females who do not have a military specialty;
- permanent residents outside the Russian Federation.

The procedure and features of military registration of citizens serving in internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, emergency situations and liquidation of consequences of natural disasters, institutions and bodies of the penal system and authorities for control of turnover narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation (as amended by Federal Laws dated July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ, dated July 25, 2002 N 116-FZ, dated June 30, 2003 N 86-FZ, see the text in the previous edition).

2. Military registration of citizens is carried out at their place of residence by military commissariats. In settlements where there are no military commissariats, primary military registration is carried out by local government bodies.

3. Military registration of citizens who have the military ranks of officers and are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation is carried out by the indicated bodies in the same manner as determined by this Federal Law (as amended by the Federal Law of June 30, 2003 N 86-FZ, see text in the previous edition)

4. Military registration documents must contain the following information about the citizen:
- last name, first name and patronymic;
- Date of Birth;
- location;
- Family status;
- education;
- place of work;
- fitness for military service due to health reasons;
- professional suitability for training in military specialties and for military service in military positions;
- basic anthropometric data;
- military service or alternative civilian service;
- passing military training;
- knowledge of foreign languages;
- availability of military and civilian specialties;
- presence of the first sports category or sports title;
- initiation or termination of a criminal case against a citizen;
- presence of a criminal record;
- reservation of a citizen who is in reserve with a government body, local government body or organization for the period of mobilization and in wartime.

5. The collection, storage, use and dissemination of information contained in military registration documents is carried out in accordance with federal law.

6. The procedure for military registration of citizens is determined by this Federal Law and the Regulations on Military Registration, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

7. State authorities, local government bodies, organizations and their officials perform duties for organizing and maintaining military registration of citizens in accordance with this Federal Law and the Regulations on Military Registration.

8. Citizens permanently residing outside the Russian Federation and who have expressed a desire to perform military service upon conscription in military positions filled by soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, can be registered with the military in military commissariats on the territory of the Russian Federation in the manner determined by the Regulations on military registration, subject to the conclusion and ratification by the Russian Federation of relevant international treaties.

Article 9. Initial registration of citizens for military registration

1. The initial military registration of male citizens is carried out from January 1 to March 31 in the year they reach the age of 17 years by the commission for military registration of citizens created in a district, a city without district division or another municipal (administrative) equal to them. territorial) formation.

2. Officials of organizations or educational institutions are obliged to provide citizens working or studying in these organizations or institutions with the opportunity to timely appear when summoned by the military commissariat for military registration.

3. If citizens subject to military registration do not work or study, upon receipt of a summons from the military commissariat, they are required to personally arrive at the military commissariat at their place of residence for initial military registration.

4. The initial military registration of female citizens after they have received a military registration specialty, as well as persons who have received citizenship of the Russian Federation, is carried out by the military commissariat throughout the entire calendar year.

5. The commission for registering citizens for military service is approved by the head of the local government body (local administration) in the following composition:
- military commissar of a district, a city without a district division or another municipal (administrative-territorial) entity equal to them (hereinafter referred to as the military commissar) or deputy military commissar - chairman of the commission;
- specialist in professional psychological selection;
- secretary of the commission;
- medical specialists.

6. The commission for registering citizens for military registration is obliged to organize a medical examination of citizens, determine their suitability for military service for health reasons, carry out measures for professional psychological selection of citizens to determine their suitability for training in military registration specialties and make a decision on registering a citizen for military registration. military registration or submit for consideration by the draft commission the issue of enlisting a citizen recognized as partially fit for military service, or the issue of exempting a citizen recognized as unfit for military service from military duty.

7. The chairman of the commission for registering citizens for military registration or, on his instructions, the secretary of the commission is obliged to announce to the citizens the decision of the commission and explain their responsibilities for military registration.

Article 10. Responsibilities of citizens regarding military registration

1. In order to ensure military registration, citizens are obliged to:
- be registered with the military at the place of residence in the military commissariat, in a locality where there are no military commissariats - in local government bodies, and citizens who have military ranks of officers and are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, - in the specified bodies (as amended by Federal Law No. 86-FZ of June 30, 2003, see the text in the previous edition);
- to appear at the established time and place upon summons (summons) to the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration at the place of residence or place of temporary stay;
- upon dismissal from military service into the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, report within two weeks from the date of exclusion from the lists of personnel of the military unit to the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration at the place of residence for military registration;
- inform within two weeks the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration at the place of residence about a change in marital status, education, place of work or position, place of residence within the district, city without district division or other municipal entity;
- deregister from the military register when moving to a new place of residence or place of temporary stay (for a period of more than three months), as well as when leaving the Russian Federation for a period of more than six months and register with the military within two weeks upon arrival at the new place of residence, place of temporary stay or return to the Russian Federation;
- carefully store a military ID (a temporary certificate issued in place of a military ID), as well as a certificate of a citizen subject to conscription for military service. In case of loss of these documents, within two weeks, contact the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration at your place of residence to resolve the issue of obtaining documents to replace the lost ones.

2. Citizens subject to conscription for military service who leave their place of residence during the conscription period for a period of more than three months must personally report this to the military commissariat or other body that carries out military registration at the place of residence.

3. Citizens also perform other duties established by the Regulations on Military Registration.

Section III. MANDATORY AND VOLUNTARY TRAINING
CITIZEN TO MILITARY SERVICE

Article 11. Mandatory preparation of a citizen for military service

1. Mandatory preparation of a citizen for military service provides for:
- obtaining basic knowledge in the field of defense;
note:
In accordance with paragraph 7 of Article 14 of the Law of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1992 N 3266-1, military training in civilian educational institutions can be carried out only on an optional basis with the consent of students and (or) their parents (legal representatives).
- training in the basics of military service in a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of secondary (complete) general education, educational institution of primary vocational and secondary vocational education and at training centers of organizations;
- military-patriotic education;
- training in military specialties for soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen as directed by the military commissariat;
- medical examination and medical examination;
- carrying out therapeutic and recreational activities.

2. Mandatory preparation of citizens for military service is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 12. Obtaining basic knowledge by citizens in the field of defense

State educational standards for general and vocational education provide for citizens to obtain basic knowledge about state defense, about the military duty of citizens, as well as the acquisition of skills in the field of civil defense.

Article 13. Training of citizens in the basics of military service in educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education, educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education and at training centers of organizations

1. Before being called up for military service, male citizens undergo training in the basics of military service in state, municipal and non-state educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education, educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education during the last two years of study.

Training of citizens in the basics of military service is carried out by full-time teachers of these educational institutions in accordance with state educational standards.

The training of citizens in the basics of military service involves conducting training camps with them at the end of the last year of training.

2. Citizens who have reached the age of 16 years, working in organizations and who have not undergone training in the basics of military service in the educational institutions specified in paragraph 1 of this article, are involved in classes in the basics of military service at training centers created in organizations by local governments in accordance with the procedure , established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

3. Financing of the training of citizens in the basics of military service is carried out in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation, at the expense of the federal budget.

Article 14. Military-patriotic education of citizens

1. The Government of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments, together with the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, federal executive authorities in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law, and officials of organizations are obliged to systematically carry out work on military-patriotic education citizens.

2. Citizens who have been trained in military-patriotic youth and children's associations are given a preferential right to enroll in military schools of their choice, provided they meet all the requirements for admission to military educational institutions of vocational education.

The training received by citizens in military-patriotic youth and children's associations is taken into account by draft commissions when determining the type and type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as other troops, military formations and bodies in which they will serve.

The regulations on these associations are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

3. Financing of activities for military-patriotic education of citizens is carried out from the federal budget. Additional financing of this activity can be carried out from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local budgets and extra-budgetary funds with the consent of the owners of these funds.

Article 15. Training of citizens in military specialties

1. Training of citizens in the military specialties of soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen in public associations and educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education is carried out in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

The specified training is received by male citizens who have reached the age of 17 years, including students of educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education, in which such training is an integral part of the professional educational program.

Students (pupils) of other educational institutions do not receive training in the military specialties of soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen.

The number of citizens subject to training in the military specialties of soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen is determined by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

2. A citizen who has mastered the complex military specialty of a soldier, sailor, sergeant, petty officer included in the list determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, when called up for military service, has the right to choose the type and type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies taking into account the real need for such specialists.

3. Financing and educational and material support for the associations and institutions specified in paragraph 1 of this article are carried out by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on a contractual basis from the federal budget.

Article 16. Medical examination and medical examination of citizens upon initial military registration and carrying out medical and recreational activities with them

1. When initially registering for military service, a citizen is subject to a medical examination by medical specialists: therapist, surgeon, neurologist, psychiatrist, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, dentist, and, if necessary, doctors of other specialties.

If it is impossible to obtain a medical report on a citizen’s suitability for military service for health reasons, the commission for registering citizens for military service sends him for an outpatient or inpatient medical examination to a medical institution located on the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation in which he lives.

2. If necessary, a citizen may be sent to a medical institution located on the territory of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in which he lives for medical and recreational activities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of the health of citizens.

The effect of paragraph 3 of Article 16 regarding the financing of medical examinations and medical and recreational activities at the expense of the federal budget was suspended from January 1 to December 31, 2004 by Federal Law No. 186-FZ of December 23, 2003.

3. Financing of medical examination, medical examination and medical and recreational activities related to the performance of military duty by citizens is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, at the expense of the federal budget.

Article 17. Voluntary preparation of a citizen for military service

1. Voluntary preparation of a citizen for military service provides for:
- practicing military applied sports;
- training in additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens in educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education, as well as in military bands of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies (hereinafter referred to as military bands);
- training under the training program for reserve officers at military departments at a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties).

2. Voluntary preparation of citizens for military service is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 18. Engagement of citizens in military-applied sports

1. Citizens subject to conscription for military service have the right to engage in military-applied sports in public associations, educational institutions, sports clubs and sections, regardless of their departmental affiliation.

2. Citizens who, in accordance with the established procedure, have been assigned the first sports rank or sports rank in a military-applied sport, enjoy a preferential right when enrolling in military schools or have the right to choose, when conscripted for military service, the type and type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies in accordance with the sports training of these citizens and taking into account the real need for them.

Article 19. Training in additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens in educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education and military bands

1. Educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education with additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens are Suvorov military schools, Nakhimov naval schools and military music schools created by the Government of the Russian Federation. The Government of the Russian Federation has the right to create other educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education with additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens. Regulations on these educational institutions are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. Training in additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens is also carried out in military bands. The regulations on students of military bands are approved by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the relevant federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service.

3. Minor orphan citizens, as well as minor citizens left without parental care, entering educational institutions specified in paragraph 1 of this article, or military bands, are enrolled in them without exams based on the results of an interview and medical examination.

Article 20. Training of citizens under training programs for reserve officers at military departments

1. A citizen studying full-time in a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), fit for military service for health reasons and meeting the requirements established by this Federal Law, has the right to conclude a contract with the Ministry Defense of the Russian Federation, a contract on training under the training program for reserve officers at the military department at this educational institution and on completing military service upon conscription after receiving the military rank of officer. This contract provides for the obligation of a male citizen to undergo military service upon conscription in the manner established by this Federal Law. A citizen undergoing training under the reserve officer training program is paid an additional scholarship in the manner and amount determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, at the expense of the federal budget.

2. A citizen who has not concluded a contract provided for in paragraph 1 of this article cannot study at a military department at state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education that have state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties).

3. Training of citizens under training programs for reserve officers at military departments at state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation. These programs may provide training for female citizens.

4. The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, in agreement with the state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), selects and appoints teaching staff of the military department at this educational institution.

5. Male citizens enrolled in reserve officer training programs undergo training camps or internships provided for in the reserve officer training programs. The specified training camps or internships are equivalent to military training.

Article 21. Participation of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and federal executive authorities, in which this Federal Law provides for military service, in preparing citizens for military service

1. The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and federal executive authorities in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law:
- participate in the development of a list of military specialties and military-applied sports;
- develop, together with the federal executive body for health care, requirements for the health status of citizens conscripted or entering military service, as well as undergoing military service;
- develop, jointly with the federal executive body for education, state educational standards, programs and methods for preparing citizens for military service;
- participate in the creation, financing and logistical support of educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education, educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education, educational institutions of secondary (complete) general education with additional educational programs aimed at military training of minor citizens, military personnel departments at state, municipal, or having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), non-state educational institutions of higher professional education, as well as organizations that prepare citizens for military service on a contractual basis.

2. The selection of citizens subject to conscription for military service, as well as candidates for military service under a contract in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies to perform special duties of military service is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Section IV. CALLING CITIZENS FOR MILITARY SERVICE

Article 22. Citizens subject to conscription for military service

1. The following are subject to conscription for military service:
a) male citizens aged 18 to 27 years, who are or are required to be registered with the military and are not in the reserve (hereinafter referred to as citizens who are not in the reserve);
b) male citizens aged 18 to 27 years who have graduated from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and are enrolled in the reserve with the military rank of officer (hereinafter referred to as citizens enrolled in reserve with the assignment of the military rank of officer).

2. Citizens who, in accordance with this Federal Law, are exempt from military duty, conscription for military service, citizens who have been granted a deferment from conscription for military service, as well as citizens who are not subject to conscription for military service, are not conscripted for military service.

3. The conscription of citizens for military service is carried out on the basis of decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.

4. The decision to conscript citizens for military service can be made only after they reach the age of 18.

5. Male citizens enlisted in the reserves with the military rank of officer, called up for military service, have the status of military personnel performing military service under a contract. The specifics of their military service are determined by this Federal Law and the Regulations on the procedure for military service, approved by the President of the Russian Federation.

Article 23. Exemption from conscription for military service. Citizens not subject to conscription for military service (as amended by Federal Law No. 102-FZ of July 19, 2001, see the text in the previous edition)

1. Citizens are exempt from conscription for military service:
a) recognized as unfit or partially fit for military service due to health reasons;
b) undergoing or have completed military service in the Russian Federation;
c) undergoing or have completed alternative civil service;
d) have completed military service in another state;
e) f) excluded. (Federal Law of July 19, 2001 N 102-FZ, see the text in the previous edition)

2. The following citizens have the right to exemption from conscription for military service:
a) having the prescribed state system certification of the scientific degree of candidate of sciences or doctor of sciences;
b) who are sons (siblings):
- military personnel who died (died) in connection with their performance of military service duties, and citizens undergoing military training, who died (died) in connection with their performance of military service duties during military training;
- citizens who died as a result of injury (wounds, trauma, concussion) or illness received in connection with the performance of their military service duties, after dismissal from military service or after the end of military training (clause 2 introduced by Federal Law of July 19, 2001 N 102- Federal Law).

3. The following citizens are not subject to conscription for military service:
a) those serving a sentence in the form of compulsory labor, correctional labor, restriction of freedom, arrest or imprisonment;
b) having an unexpunged or outstanding conviction for committing a crime;
c) in respect of which an inquiry or preliminary investigation is underway or a criminal case in respect of which has been transferred to court.

Article 24. Deferment from conscription of citizens for military service

1. Deferment from conscription for military service is granted to citizens:
a) recognized in the manner established by this Federal Law as temporarily unfit for military service due to health reasons - for a period of up to one year;
b) those who are constantly caring for a father, mother, wife, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother or adoptive parent, if there are no other persons obligated by law to support these citizens, and also provided that the latter are not fully supported by the state and for health reasons, in accordance with the conclusion of the state medical and social examination body at the place of residence of citizens called up for military service, require constant outside care (assistance, supervision) or are disabled people of the first or second group, have reached retirement age in old age or have not reached age 18 years;
c) having a child raised without a mother;
d) having two or more children;
e) having a child under three years of age;
f) the mother (father) of whom, in addition to them, has two or more children under the age of eight years or disabled since childhood and is raising them without a husband (wife);
g) those who entered work in their specialty directly after graduating from educational institutions of higher professional education on a full-time basis in state organizations, the list of which is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation - for the duration of this work;
h) those who have graduated from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and serving in internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Disaster Relief, institutions and bodies of the penal system, bodies for control over the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and customs authorities of the Russian Federation, as well as those studying in educational institutions of these bodies or who have graduated from these educational institutions and received special ranks - for the duration of service in these bodies ( as amended by Federal Laws No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998, No. 116-FZ of July 25, 2002, No. 86-FZ of June 30, 2003, see the text in the previous edition);
i) having a wife whose pregnancy is at least 26 weeks (clause “i” introduced by Federal Law No. 20-FZ of April 22, 2004);
j) elected deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, deputies of legislative (representative) bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, senior officials of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (heads of the highest executive bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation), deputies of representative bodies of local self-government or heads of municipal entities and exercising their powers on an ongoing basis - for a term of office in the specified bodies (paragraph "k" introduced by Federal Law of June 19, 2004 N 53-FZ);
k) registered in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on elections as candidates for positions filled through direct elections or for membership in bodies (chambers of bodies) of state power or local government bodies, - for the period until the day of official publication (promulgation) overall results elections inclusive, and in case of early retirement - up to and including the day of retirement (clause "l" introduced by Federal Law No. 53-FZ of June 19, 2004).

2. Citizens have the right to receive a deferment from conscription for military service (as amended by Federal Law No. 53-FZ of June 19, 2004, see the text in the previous edition):

The provision of the paragraph of the first subparagraph "a" of paragraph 2 of Article 24, on the basis of which citizens studying full-time in non-state educational institutions of higher professional education that do not have state accreditation are not granted the right to receive a deferment from conscription for military service for the duration of their studies, recognized as not contradicting the Constitution of the Russian Federation (Resolution Constitutional Court RF dated October 21, 1999 N 13-P).

a) full-time students in:
- state, municipal or state-accredited non-state educational institutions of basic general and secondary (complete) general education, - for the duration of study, but until these citizens reach the age of 20 years;
- state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of primary vocational, secondary vocational and higher vocational education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), - for the duration of training, but not beyond the standard time limits for mastering basic educational programs.

The right to a deferment from conscription for military service to obtain vocational education provided for in this subparagraph is reserved for citizens in the event of their re-entry into an educational institution of the same level (provided that they studied for no more than three years in a previous educational institution of the same level) or a one-time transfer to educational institution of the same level, as well as in the case of a one-time use of academic leave.

The right to a deferment from conscription for military service provided for in this subparagraph does not apply to citizens expelled from educational institutions for violating their charters or internal regulations.

Citizens have the right to take advantage of the deferment from conscription for military service provided for in this subparagraph no more than two times (to obtain education of this and a higher level) (paragraph “a” as amended by Federal Law No. 20-FZ of February 13, 2002, see text in previous edition)

b) those receiving full-time postgraduate professional education in state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education and scientific institutions that have state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and scientific institutions that have licenses to conduct educational activities in educational programs of postgraduate professional education - on time of training and defense of qualifying work;

c) having a higher pedagogical education and constantly working in teaching positions in state, municipal or non-state rural educational institutions with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), - for the duration of this work;

d) permanently working as doctors in rural areas - for the duration of this work;

e) to whom this right is given on the basis of decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.

3. Citizens enlisted in the reserves with the assignment of the military rank of officer are subject to a deferment from conscription for military service on the grounds provided for in subparagraphs “a”, “b”, “c”, “g”, “h”, “k” and “l” of paragraph 1 and subparagraphs “b”, “c”, “d” and “d” of paragraph 2 of this article (as amended by Federal Law No. 53-FZ of June 19, 2004, see the text in the previous edition).

Article 25. Terms of conscription of citizens for military service

1. Conscription of citizens who are not in the reserves for military service is carried out twice a year from April 1 to June 30 and from October 1 to December 31 on the basis of decrees of the President of the Russian Federation with the following exceptions:
a) citizens living in certain regions of the Far North or certain localities equated to regions of the Far North are called up for military service from May 1 to June 30 or from November 1 to December 31. The list of these areas and localities, as well as the terms of conscription for military service of citizens living in these areas and localities, are determined by the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (paragraph "a" as amended by Federal Law No. 4-FZ of February 22, 2004, see . text in the previous edition);
b) citizens living in rural areas and directly involved in sowing and harvesting work are called up for military service from October 15 to December 31;
c) citizens who are teaching staff of educational institutions are called up for military service from May 1 to June 30.

2. Conscription for military service of citizens enlisted in the reserve with the assignment of the military rank of officer is carried out within the time limits established by the President of the Russian Federation.

Article 26. Organization of conscription of citizens for military service

1. Conscription of citizens who are not in the reserves for military service includes:
- attendance at a medical examination and meeting of the draft commission;
- reporting to the military commissariat for dispatch to the place of military service and staying at the military commissariat before being sent to the place of military service.

The conscription of these citizens into military service is organized by the head of the local government body together with the military commissar and carried out by a draft commission, which is created in each district, city without district division, or other municipal entity by decision of the head of the local government body (hereinafter referred to as the conscription commission).

2. Conscription for military service of citizens enlisted in the reserves with the assignment of the military rank of officer includes:
- appearing for a medical examination and to the military commissar to make a decision on conscription for military service;
- reporting to the military commissariat and receiving an order to leave for the place of military service.

The conscription of these citizens into military service is organized and carried out by the military commissar.

3. Citizens are summoned to events related to conscription for military service by summons from the military commissariat.

4. The procedure for conscription of citizens for military service is determined by this Federal Law, other federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, the Regulations on conscription for military service, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 27. Composition of the draft commission

1. The composition of the draft commission includes:
- deputy head of local government - chairman of the commission;
- military commissar - deputy chairman of the commission;
- secretary of the commission;
- a doctor who supervises the medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service;
- representative of the relevant internal affairs body;
- a representative of the relevant education authority;

2. The draft commission may include representatives of other bodies and organizations.

Article 28. Responsibilities of the draft commission and the military commissar for the conscription of citizens for military service and the procedure for the work of the draft commission

1. When conscripting citizens who are not in the reserves for military service, the draft commission is charged with organizing a medical examination of these citizens and making one of the following decisions regarding them:
- about conscription for military service;
- about referral to alternative civil service;
- on granting a deferment from conscription for military service;
- on exemption from conscription for military service;
- about enlistment into the reserve;
- on exemption from military duty.

When conscripting citizens enlisted in the reserves with the military rank of officer, these responsibilities are assigned to the military commissar.

2. In the event of citizens evading conscription for military service, the conscription commission or military commissar sends the relevant materials to the prosecutor at the place of residence of these citizens to resolve the issue of bringing them to justice in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3. When making a decision to conscript citizens who are not in the reserves for military service, the draft commission determines the type and type of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies in which these citizens will serve in military service.

4. The draft commission is also responsible for organizing a medical examination of citizens who have expressed a desire to enroll in military educational institutions of vocational education, and making a decision on sending them to take competitive entrance exams or refusing to do so.

5. The conscription commission (military commissar - for citizens called up for military service from the reserves) makes appropriate decisions on the basis of this Federal Law, other federal laws, the Regulations on conscription for military service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

6. The chairman of the draft commission (military commissar) announces the decision to the citizen in respect of whom it was made, and, at the request of the citizen, gives him a copy of the decision.

7. The decision of the draft commission can be appealed by a citizen within the period established by the legislation of the Russian Federation from the day the citizen receives a copy of the said decision to the draft commission of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation or to the court, and the decision of the military commissar - to the military commissar of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation or to the court. A citizen’s complaint must be considered within five days from the date of its receipt by the draft commission of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation or the military commissar of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation. In this case, the implementation of the decision of the draft commission or military commissar is suspended until the decision is made by the draft commission of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation, the military commissar of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation or the court decision enters into legal force.

Article 29. Conscription commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation

1. By decision of the head of the executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, a draft commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation is created, which includes:
- deputy head of the executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation - chairman of the commission;
- military commissar of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation - deputy chairman of the commission;
- secretary of the commission;
- medical specialists involved in conducting medical examinations and medical examinations of citizens;
- representative of the internal affairs body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation;
- representative of the executive body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation for education;
- a representative of the relevant body of the federal state employment service (regarding issues related to the alternative civil service) (paragraph introduced by Federal Law of July 25, 2002 N 113-FZ).

The draft commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation may include representatives of other bodies and organizations of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

2. Conscription commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation:
- organizes a medical examination of citizens who are not in the reserve, called up for military service, before sending them to the place of military service, as well as a control medical examination of citizens who have received an exemption from conscription for military service for health reasons, and citizens who have declared disagreement with conclusions about their suitability for military service based on the results of a medical examination;
- carries out methodological management of the activities of draft commissions;
- checks the correctness of granting citizens deferments and exemptions from conscription for military service;
- controls the validity of sending citizens for military service in the branches and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies;
- considers complaints from citizens conscripted for military service against decisions of conscription commissions.

3. The draft commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation has the right to overturn the decisions of lower draft commissions.

4. The decision of the draft commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation on a citizen’s complaint may be appealed by him to the court within the period established by the legislation of the Russian Federation from the date of receipt of a copy of the said decision. The decision of the draft commission is suspended until the court decision enters into legal force.

Article 30. Medical examination and medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service

1. Citizens subject to conscription for military service undergo a medical examination by medical specialists: therapist, surgeon, neurologist, psychiatrist, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, dentist, and, if necessary, doctors of other specialties.

If it is impossible to give a medical report on a citizen’s suitability for military service on the spot, the specified citizen is sent for an outpatient or inpatient medical examination to a medical institution located on the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation in which he lives.

2. Doctors supervising the medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service, based on the results of the medical examination, give an opinion on the suitability of these citizens for military service in the following categories:
A - fit for military service;
B - fit for military service with minor restrictions;
B - limited fit for military service;
G - temporarily unfit for military service;
D - not fit for military service.

3. The procedure for organizing and conducting a medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service is determined by the Regulations on military medical examination, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

4. In agreement with the commander (chief) of a military unit (military medical institution), military medical specialists may be involved in medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service.

5. Financing of medical examination and medical examination of citizens subject to conscription for military service is carried out in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, from the federal budget.

Article 31. Responsibilities of citizens subject to conscription for military service

1. Citizens who are not in the reserve and are subject to conscription for military service are required to appear on a summons from the military commissariat for a medical examination, a meeting of the draft commission or to be sent to a military unit for military service, and also to remain at the military commissariat before being sent to the place of passage military service.

2. Citizens subject to conscription for military service are required to receive summons from the military commissariat against signature. Subpoenas are handed to citizens by employees of the military commissariat or at the citizen’s place of work (study) by managers, other officials (employees) of organizations responsible for military registration work, as well as officials of local government bodies responsible for military registration work. Subpoenas must indicate the legal consequences of citizens' failure to comply with the requirements set out in them.

If it is impossible for the specified employees, managers or officials to serve summons on citizens subject to conscription for military service, ensuring their arrival at events related to conscription for military service is entrusted to the relevant internal affairs bodies based on a written request from the military commissar.

3. Male citizens enlisted in the reserves with the military rank of officer are required to appear upon summons from the military commissariat for a medical examination, as well as to the military commissar to make a decision on conscription for military service and receive an order to leave for the place of military service.

4. In the event of a citizen’s failure to appear without good reason when summoned by the military commissariat to events related to conscription for military service, the specified citizen is considered to be evading military service and is held accountable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Section V. ENTRY INTO MILITARY SERVICE UNDER CONTRACT

(as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition)

Article 32. Contract for military service

1. A contract for military service is concluded by a citizen (foreign citizen) with the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation or the federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service, in writing in a standard form in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service (as amended Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see the text in the previous edition)

2. The contract for military service stipulates the voluntariness of a citizen (foreign citizen) entering military service, the period during which the citizen (foreign citizen) undertakes to perform military service, and the terms of the contract (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141 -FZ, see text in the previous edition).

3. The terms of the contract for military service include the obligation of a citizen (foreign citizen) to perform military service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations or bodies within the period established by the contract, to conscientiously perform all general, official and special duties of military personnel, established by legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as the right of a citizen (foreign citizen) to respect his rights and the rights of his family members, including receiving benefits, guarantees and compensation established by legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation defining the status of military personnel and procedure for military service (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition).

4. The contract for military service comes into force on the day it is signed by the relevant official in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service and terminates from the day the serviceman concludes another contract for military service, the serviceman is excluded from the lists of the military unit in the event specified in paragraph 6 of this article, as well as in other cases established by federal laws.

5. The conclusion of a contract for military service, its termination, as well as other relations related to it, are regulated by this Federal Law, the Regulations on the procedure for military service, as well as legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation defining the procedure for military service and military status.

6. Military personnel appointed to the position of Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, heads of federal executive bodies in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law, perform military service in the corresponding position without concluding a contract for military service. The contract for military service, which was concluded by military personnel before appointment to the specified position, ceases to be valid. The specified military personnel retain the status of military personnel performing military service under a contract.

After the said military personnel are released from duty, they enter into a new contract for military service or are dismissed from military service on the grounds and in the manner determined by this Federal Law and the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

Article 33. Requirements for citizens (foreign citizens) entering military service under a contract(as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition)

1. A citizen (foreign citizen) entering military service under a contract must speak the state language of the Russian Federation, as well as meet the medical and professional-psychological requirements of military service for specific military specialties. To determine whether a citizen meets the established requirements, a medical examination and professional psychological selection measures are carried out (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition).

2. Medical examination of citizens (foreign citizens) is carried out in accordance with the Regulations on military medical examination. Based on the results of the medical examination, a conclusion is given on the suitability of the citizen (foreign citizen) for military service in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 30 of this Federal Law. A citizen (foreign citizen) who is recognized as fit for military service or fit for military service with minor restrictions (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see the text in the previous edition) can be accepted for military service under a contract.

3. Activities for professional psychological selection are carried out by specialists in professional psychological selection in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service. Based on the results of professional psychological selection, one of the following conclusions is made on the professional suitability of a citizen (foreign citizen) for military service under a contract in specific military positions (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition):
- recommended first - first category;
- recommended - second category;
- conditionally recommended - third category;
- not recommended - fourth category.

A citizen (foreign citizen) who, based on the results of professional psychological selection, is classified in the fourth category of professional suitability (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see the text in the previous edition) cannot be accepted for military service under a contract.

4. A citizen (foreign citizen) entering military service under a contract, in addition to the requirements specified in paragraph 1 of this article, must also meet the level requirements (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see text in previous edition):
- education;
- professional training;
- physical training.

5. The requirements provided for in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this article are established by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law.

Article 34. Conclusion of a contract for military service

1. A contract for military service may be concluded by:
- military personnel whose previous contract for military service is ending;
- military personnel undergoing conscription military service who have served for at least 6 months (as amended by Federal Law No. 15-FZ of February 12, 2001, see the text in the previous edition);
- citizens in reserve;
- male citizens who are not in the reserves, who have graduated from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties);
- female citizens who are not in the reserve;
- other citizens in accordance with regulatory legal acts of the President of the Russian Federation.

Citizens admitted to military educational institutions of vocational education enter into a contract for military service in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 35 of this Federal Law.

Foreign citizens legally present in the territory of the Russian Federation also have the right to enter into a contract for military service (paragraph introduced by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ).

2. The first contract for military service may be concluded by:
- citizens aged 18 to 40 years;
- foreign citizens aged 18 to 30 years (clause 2 as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition).

3. The selection of candidates for military service under a contract from among citizens not in military service and foreign citizens is carried out by military commissariats, and from among military personnel - by military units in the manner established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service (as amended by the Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see text in the previous edition).

4. Determining the compliance of citizens (foreign citizens) with the requirements established for those entering military service under a contract is entrusted to the commissions of military commissariats for the selection of candidates entering military service under a contract (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see the text in the previous edition).

Determining whether military personnel meet the requirements established for those entering military service under a contract is the responsibility of the certification commissions of military units.

Representatives of the military units for which the selection is being carried out may take part in the work of the commissions of military commissariats for the selection of candidates entering military service under a contract.

A copy of the commission's decision must be issued to the citizen (foreign citizen) at his request within three days from the date of the decision (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition).

5. The grounds for refusing a candidate entering military service under a contract to conclude an appropriate contract with him are:
- the absence in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies of vacant military positions in accordance with the candidate’s training profile or the military specialty he received;
- decision of the certification commission of the military unit, approved by the commander (chief) of the military unit, on concluding a contract for military service with another candidate based on the results of a competitive selection;
- a decision of the commission of the military commissariat or the certification commission of a military unit on the non-compliance of a candidate entering military service under a contract with the requirements established by this Federal Law.

A contract for military service cannot be concluded with citizens in respect of whom a conviction has been made and who have been sentenced, in respect of whom an investigation or preliminary investigation or criminal case has been submitted to the court, citizens who have an unexpunged or outstanding conviction for committing crimes serving a sentence of imprisonment. A contract cannot be concluded with citizens who have been deprived for a certain period of time by a court decision that has entered into legal force of the right to occupy military positions during the specified period (as amended by Federal Law No. 112-FZ of July 25, 2002, see the text in the previous edition).

6. The commander (chief) of a military unit makes a decision to conclude a new contract for military service or to refuse to conclude one with a soldier performing military service under a contract no later than three months before the expiration of the current contract.

7. In case of refusal to a citizen (foreign citizen) to conclude a contract for military service, he has the right to appeal this decision to a higher authority, prosecutor's office or court (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see the text in the previous editors).

Article 34.1. Test upon entry into military service under contract (introduced by Federal Law dated April 26, 2004 N 29-FZ)

1. For those who entered military service under a contract for military positions to be filled by soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen (except for those studying in military educational institutions of vocational education), in order to verify their compliance with the requirements of federal laws, general military regulations and other regulatory legal acts The Russian Federation, which defines the general, official and special duties of military personnel, establishes a test for a period of three months.

The period of probation does not include periods when the serviceman was actually absent from the military unit or place of military service.

2. The serviceman is not assigned another military rank before the end of the probationary period.

3. If during the test period commanders (superiors) establish that a serviceman does not comply with the requirements of federal laws, general military regulations and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation defining the general, official and special duties of military personnel, he is recognized as the commander (chief) of a military unit not passed the test and is dismissed from military service (sent for military service upon conscription) on the grounds established by this Federal Law.

4. Upon expiration of the test period, the serviceman is considered to have passed the test and continues his military service.

Article 35. Admission of citizens to military educational institutions of vocational education. Concluding contracts for military service with citizens studying in military educational institutions of vocational education

1. The following have the right to enroll in military educational institutions of vocational education:
- citizens who have not served in the military - aged 16 to 22 years;
- citizens who have completed military service and military personnel undergoing military service upon conscription - until they reach the age of 24 years;
- military personnel performing military service under a contract - in the manner determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law.

Citizens entering military educational institutions of vocational education must meet the requirements established for citizens entering military service under a contract.

Citizens enrolled in military educational institutions of vocational education are appointed to military positions as cadets, students or other military positions in the manner determined by this Federal Law, the Regulations on the procedure for military service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

2. Citizens who have not undergone military service, upon enrollment in military educational institutions of vocational education, acquire the status of military personnel undergoing military service upon conscription, and enter into a contract for military service upon reaching the age of 18 years, but not earlier than their completion of the first year of study in specified educational institutions.

Military personnel performing military service under a contract, upon enrollment in military educational institutions of vocational education, enter into a new contract for military service.

Citizens who have completed military service under a contract, as well as those who are or have completed military service by conscription, upon enrollment in the specified educational institutions, enter into a contract for military service before the start of training.

Military personnel who refuse to conclude a contract for military service in the manner established by this Federal Law are subject to expulsion from military educational institutions of vocational education.

3. Military personnel undergoing conscription military service who are not enrolled in military educational institutions of vocational education are sent for further military service in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

4. Male military personnel expelled from military educational institutions of vocational education for indiscipline, poor academic performance or unwillingness to study, as well as those who refused to enter into a contract for military service, if by the time of expulsion from these educational institutions they had reached the age of 18 years, had not served the established period of military service conscription service and do not have the right to dismissal from military service, exemption or deferment from conscription, are sent to perform military service upon conscription.

In this case, the following are counted toward the military service member's term of military service:
- duration of conscription military service before entering a military educational institution of vocational education;
- duration of military service under a contract before entering a military educational institution of vocational education at the rate of two days of military service under a contract for one day of military service by conscription (as amended by the Federal Law of April 26, 2004 N 29-FZ, see the text in the previous edition );
- duration of military service during training in a military educational institution of vocational education at the rate of two days of military service in the specified educational institution for one day of conscription military service (as amended by Federal Law of April 26, 2004 N 29-FZ, see the text in the previous editors).

Male military personnel expelled from military educational institutions of vocational education who have not reached the age of 18 are dismissed from military service and sent to the military commissariat for military registration and are subsequently called up for military service on a general basis. In the event of dismissal of these persons on the grounds provided for in this paragraph, the duration of military service during conscription during training at a military educational institution of vocational education is counted towards them in the period of military service at the rate of two days of military service in the specified educational institution for one day of military service under conscription (as amended by Federal Law No. 29-FZ of April 26, 2004, see the text in the previous edition).

5. Female military personnel expelled from military educational institutions of vocational education are dismissed from military service:
- without a military registration specialty, - without military registration;
- having a military registration specialty - with enlistment in the reserve and referral to the military commissariat at the place of residence for military registration.

6. Excluded (Federal Law of May 21, 2002 N 56-FZ, see the text in the previous edition).

Section VI. MILITARY SERVICE

Article 36. Military service

1. The procedure for military service is determined by this Federal Law, other federal laws, the Regulations on the procedure for military service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

2. The specifics of military service during the introduction of a state of emergency and martial law, as well as in armed conflicts, are determined by federal constitutional laws, federal laws, the Regulations on the procedure for military service and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

3. Citizens perform military service upon conscription in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, border agencies and border troops, in the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (as amended by Federal Laws of June 30, 2003 N 86-FZ, of June 29, 2004 N 58- Federal Law, see text in the previous edition).

Citizens are sent to other troops, military formations and bodies for conscription military service in accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation after filling military positions filled by military personnel undergoing conscription military service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops and bodies specified in paragraph one of this paragraph.

4. The specifics of military service by military personnel in respect of whom a guilty verdict has been passed and to whom punishment has been imposed are determined by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation, legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 37. Performance of military service duties

1. A military serviceman, as well as a citizen undergoing military training, are considered to be performing military service duties in the following cases:
a) participation in hostilities, performing tasks in a state of emergency and martial law, as well as in armed conflicts (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition)
Military personnel who are foreign citizens participate in performing tasks under martial law, as well as in armed conflicts, in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms international law, international treaties of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation (paragraph introduced by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ);
b) performance of official duties;
c) performing combat duty, combat service, serving in a garrison detachment, performing duties as part of a daily detachment;
d) participation in exercises or ship voyages;
e) fulfilling an order or instructions given by the commander (superior);
f) staying on the territory of a military unit during the duty time established by the daily routine or at other times if this is caused by official necessity;
g) being on a business trip;
h) being under treatment, traveling to the place of treatment and back;
i) travel to and from the place of military service;
j) undergoing military training;
k) being in captivity (except for cases of voluntary surrender), in the position of a hostage or internee;
l) unknown absence - until the serviceman is recognized as missing in the manner prescribed by law or declared dead;
m) protection of life, health, honor and dignity of the individual;
o) providing assistance to internal affairs bodies and other law enforcement agencies in protecting human and civil rights and freedoms, maintaining law and order and ensuring public safety (as amended by Federal Law No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998, see the text in the previous edition);
o) participation in the prevention and mitigation of the consequences of natural disasters, accidents and catastrophes;
p) committing other actions recognized by the court as committed in the interests of the individual, society and the state.

On the procedure for applying paragraph 2 of Article 37, see Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated February 14, 2000 No. 9.

2. A serviceman or citizen undergoing military training is not recognized as killed (deceased), injured (wounded, traumatized, concussed) or sick while performing military service duties, if this was a consequence of:
a) unauthorized stay outside the location of a military unit or a place of military service established outside a military unit, except for the cases provided for in subparagraphs “l”, “m”, “n”, “o”, “p” and “r” of paragraph 1 of this articles;
b) voluntarily placing oneself in a state of narcotic or toxic intoxication;
c) he has committed an act that is recognized in the prescribed manner as socially dangerous.

3. Commanders (chiefs) are prohibited from giving orders (orders) and instructions that are not related to the performance of military service duties or aimed at violating the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Commanders (chiefs) who gave the indicated orders (instructions) and instructions are held accountable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 38. Duration of military service for military personnel serving under conscription or contract

1. The duration of military service is established:
- for military personnel undergoing conscription service - 24 months;
- for military personnel who graduated from state, municipal or have state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) of non-state educational institutions of higher professional education, undergoing military service on conscription - 12 months;
- for military personnel who have the military rank of officer and are called up for military service - 24 months;
- for military personnel performing military service under a contract - for the period specified in the contract for military service.

2. Lost power. - Federal Law of April 26, 2004 N 29-FZ (see text in the previous edition)

3. The first contract for military service is concluded:

a) with a citizen entering military service in a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of soldier, sailor, sergeant, foreman - for three years (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see text in previous edition);

b) with a foreign citizen entering military service in a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major - for five years (paragraph "b" was introduced by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ) ;

c) with a citizen entering military service in a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer, midshipman or officer - for five years (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see the text in the previous edition );

d) with a military personnel studying at a military educational institution of vocational education - for the duration of study at the specified educational institution and five years of military service after its completion.

4. A soldier undergoing military service under conscription may enter into a first contract for military service for a shorter period, provided that the total duration of his military service under conscription and under the first contract is three years or five years in accordance with subparagraphs “a” and "b" of paragraph 3 of this article.

With a military serviceman undergoing conscription military service and expressing a desire to enter military service under a contract during emergencies (liquidation of the consequences of natural disasters, implementation of emergency measures, restoration of constitutional order and other emergency situations) or to participate in activities to maintain or restore international peace and security, no earlier than one month before the expiration of military service, a contract for military service for a period of six months to one year can be concluded (paragraph introduced by Federal Law of February 12, 2001 N 16-FZ).

5. A new contract for military service can be concluded by a soldier who is a citizen for a period of three years, five years, ten years or for the duration of training at a military educational institution of vocational education and five years of military service after graduation (as amended by the Federal Law dated 11.11.2003 N 141-FZ, see text in the previous edition).

Upon expiration of the first contract, military personnel who are foreign citizens are dismissed from military service on the grounds and in the manner determined by this Federal Law and the Regulations on the Procedure for Military Service (paragraph introduced by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ).

6. A contract for military service may be concluded with a military serviceman for a shorter period - until the age limit for his military service.

7. With a citizen who is in the reserve and has expressed a desire to enter military service under a contract during emergencies (liquidation of the consequences of natural disasters, implementation of emergency measures, restoration of constitutional order and other emergency situations) or to participate in activities to maintain or restore international peace and security, a contract for military service can be concluded for a period of six months to one year (as amended by Federal Law No. 15-FZ of February 12, 2001, see the text in the previous edition).

8. A serviceman who has completed military service under a contract and entered a military educational institution of higher professional education, as well as entered an adjunct or military doctoral program, enters into a contract for military service for the duration of his studies at the specified educational institution, postgraduate or military doctoral program and five years military service after graduation.

9. Military personnel who have an academic degree of Candidate of Sciences or Doctor of Sciences and have reached the age limit for military service are given a preferential right when concluding a contract with them for military service in the manner established by paragraph 3 of Article 49 of this Federal Law.

10. The beginning of military service is considered:
- for citizens who are not in the reserve and called up for military service - the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;
- for citizens called up for military service from among those who graduated from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and enlisted in the reserve with the assignment of the military rank of officer, - the day of departure to the place of military service, specified in the order of the military commissariat;
- for citizens called up for military service immediately after graduating from state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), who have been awarded the military rank of officer - the day of departure for leave provided by the military commissariat upon completion of the specified educational institutions;
- for citizens (foreign citizens) who entered military service under a contract - the day the contract for military service comes into force (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition);
- for citizens who have not completed military service or who have previously completed military service and entered military educational institutions of vocational education - the date of enrollment in the specified educational institutions.

11. The end of military service is considered the date of exclusion of a serviceman from the lists of personnel of a military unit.

A serviceman must be excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of expiration of his military service, except in cases where:
- the serviceman is undergoing hospital treatment;
- a female military personnel is on maternity leave or child care leave;
- a serviceman undergoing military service upon conscription, at his request, remains in the military unit until the day of departure of the vehicle carrying out individual or organized transportation of military personnel being transferred to the reserve;
- a serviceman participates in ship voyages;
- the serviceman is in captivity, in the position of a hostage or internee;
- a serviceman is missing - until he is recognized as missing in the manner prescribed by law or declared dead;
- the soldier is under investigation,
as well as in other cases established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

12. The following are not counted towards the period of military service:
- time of stay in a disciplinary military unit and time of serving a disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest;
- time of unauthorized abandonment of a military unit or place of military service, regardless of the reasons for abandonment, lasting more than 10 days.

For a soldier released from a disciplinary military unit, subject to his impeccable military service, the time spent in the disciplinary military unit can be counted towards the period of his military service in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

Article 39. Military uniform and insignia of military personnel

1. Military uniforms and insignia are established for military personnel.

Military uniforms and insignia according to military ranks of military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies are approved by the President of the Russian Federation.

Insignia by branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, branches of troops and services, specific military formations according to their functional purpose, personalized insignia, as well as rules for wearing military uniforms and insignia are determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, the head of the relevant federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service.

2. A serviceman has the right not to wear a military uniform outside the location of a military unit, on vacation, on leave or on leave.

3. Military uniforms and insignia of military personnel are protected by the Patent Law of the Russian Federation.

The uniform and insignia of non-military employees of federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, organizations, members of public associations cannot be similar to the military uniform and insignia of military personnel.

Federal executive authorities and executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation change the uniform and insignia of their employees who are not military personnel, or introduce new ones after their approval by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The wearing of military uniforms and insignia of military personnel by citizens who do not have the right to do so is prohibited and entails liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

4. Departmental insignia of military personnel are determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, the head of the relevant federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service.

Article 40. Military oath and obligation (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition)

1. A soldier who is a citizen who has entered military service for the first time, or a citizen who has not undergone military service and has been called up for military training for the first time, takes the Military Oath in front of the State Flag of the Russian Federation and the Battle Banner of the military unit (as amended by the Federal Law of November 11. 2003 N 141-FZ, see text in the previous edition)

2. The following text of the Military Oath is approved:
“I, (last name, first name, patronymic), solemnly swear allegiance to my Fatherland - the Russian Federation.

I swear to sacredly observe the Constitution of the Russian Federation, strictly comply with the requirements of military regulations, orders of commanders and superiors.

I swear to fulfill my military duty with dignity, to courageously defend the freedom, independence and constitutional system of Russia, the people and the Fatherland."

3. A military serviceman who is a foreign citizen who first entered military service in the Russian Federation gives an obligation.

The following text of the obligation is approved:
“I, (last name, first name, patronymic), give an obligation to comply with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, strictly comply with the requirements of military regulations, orders of commanders and superiors, and fulfill military duty with dignity” (clause 3 introduced by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ)

Article 41. Taking the Military oath and making an obligation (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition)

1. Taking the Military oath (taking an obligation) is carried out (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition):
- upon the arrival of a serviceman to the first place of military service after completing initial military training, the duration of which should not exceed two months;
- upon the citizen’s arrival at the first place of military training.

Before taking the Military Oath (giving an obligation) (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition):
- a serviceman cannot be involved in combat missions (participation in hostilities, combat duty, combat service, guard duty) and tasks when a state of emergency is introduced and in armed conflicts;
- weapons and military equipment cannot be assigned to a military personnel;
- a disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest cannot be imposed on a military personnel.

2. Taking the Military Oath (taking an obligation) is carried out in the manner determined by the general military regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (as amended by Federal Law of November 11, 2003 N 141-FZ, see the text in the previous edition).

Article 42. Military positions

1. A serviceman performs military service in a military position, except for the cases specified in paragraph 4 of this article (as amended by Federal Law No. 75-FZ of June 28, 2002, see the text in the previous edition).

A military personnel can hold only one military position (position).

2. Each military position (position) must correspond to one military rank.

3. A unified list of military positions to be filled by senior officers in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, and the total number of military positions to be filled by colonels, captains of 1st rank in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies approved by the President of the Russian Federation.

Lists of other military positions are approved in the manner determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation or the head of the relevant federal executive body in which military service is provided for by this Federal Law.

The lists of military positions define military positions that can be filled by female military personnel, foreign military personnel, civilian personnel, or filled on a competitive basis (as amended by Federal Law No. 141-FZ of November 11, 2003, see the text in the previous edition)

4. A military serviceman may perform military service in non-military positions in the following cases:
- being at the disposal of the commander (chief) - no more than three months;
- being at the disposal of the commander (chief) in connection with organizational and staffing activities - no more than six months;
- being at the disposal of the commander (chief) in connection with the initiation of a criminal case against a serviceman - until a decision is made on the criminal case;
- secondment to the bodies, organizations and institutions specified in paragraph 1 of Article 44 of this Federal Law;
- in other cases established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

Article 43. Appointment to military positions, release from military positions

1. Appointment to military positions and release from military positions are carried out:
- military personnel for whom the state provides for military ranks of senior officers - by decrees of the President of the Russian Federation;
- other military personnel - in the manner established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

2. A military serviceman may be assigned to temporarily perform duties in a military position that he does not occupy, with his release from performing duties in the military position held - for a period determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

3. A serviceman performing military service under a contract has the right to propose his candidacy for appointment to a vacant or vacant military position for consideration by the relevant certification commission.

4. Carrying out a planned replacement of military personnel undergoing military service under a contract in the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas, areas with unfavorable climatic or environmental conditions, as well as in military units located outside the Russian Federation, is carried out in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for passing military service.

The terms of military service in the specified regions, localities and military units are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 44. Secondment and transfer of military personnel

1. Military personnel may be seconded to federal government bodies, other government bodies and institutions, government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, international organizations in accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation, state unitary enterprises whose property is in federal ownership, joint-stock companies, 100 percent of whose shares are federally owned and who perform work in the interests of the country's defense and state security.

The procedure for seconding military personnel and the specifics of their military service are determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service. The total number of seconded military personnel and the procedure for providing them with monetary allowance and other types of allowances, as well as the specifics of seconding military personnel of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, foreign intelligence agencies and federal state security agencies are determined by the President of the Russian Federation.

2. Military personnel, in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service, may be transferred for further military service:
- from the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation to the federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service;
- from the federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service, to the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;
- from one federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service, to another federal executive body, in which this Federal Law provides for military service.

Article 45. Suspension of military service

Military personnel undergoing military service under a contract, elected deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, deputies of legislative (representative) bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, senior officials of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (heads of the highest executive bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation), deputies of representative bodies local self-government and heads of municipalities and exercising these powers on a permanent basis, as well as military personnel undergoing military service under a contract, exercising the powers of members of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, military service in their position is suspended for the entire term of their powers in these bodies with termination the validity of the contract for their military service and the offset of the period of suspension of military service against the serviceman's length of service (as amended by Federal Law No. 53-FZ of June 19, 2004, see the text in the previous edition).

From the date of termination of the grounds for suspension of military service, military personnel enter into a new contract for military service or are dismissed from military service on the grounds and in the manner provided for by this Federal Law.

Article 46. Composition of military personnel and military ranks

1. In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, the following composition of military personnel and military ranks are established:

2. Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.

3. The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.

4. To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.

5. For persons who are not military personnel, it is prohibited to introduce special ranks or class ranks similar to military ranks.

Article 47. Assignment of military ranks

1. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel:
- senior officers - the President of the Russian Federation;
- up to colonel or captain 1st rank inclusive - by officials in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

The terms of military service in military ranks and the procedure for their assignment are determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

2. The next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position (position) for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.

3. A military serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution of higher professional education, as well as in postgraduate or military doctoral studies, the next military rank up to and including lieutenant colonel or captain 2nd rank is assigned on the day of expiration of his military service in previous military rank, regardless of the military position (position) he held before entering the specified educational institution.

4. A serviceman may be awarded the next military rank ahead of schedule for special personal merits, but not higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position (position) he occupies.

5. A military serviceman whose period of military service in the assigned military rank has expired, for special personal merits, may be awarded a military rank one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position (position) held by him, but not higher than the military rank of major or captain 3 rank.

6. When entering military service a citizen who is or has served in the internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief, institutions and bodies of the penal system or other law enforcement agencies, military the rank is assigned to him in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service (as amended by Federal Laws of July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ, of July 25, 2002 N 116-FZ, see the text in the previous edition).

Article 48. Deprivation of military rank, reduction in military rank, reinstatement in military rank

1. A military serviceman, as well as a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, may be deprived of his military rank only by a court verdict for committing a grave or especially grave crime.

2. A citizen who has been deprived of a military rank, after the removal or expungement of a criminal record, can be restored to his previous military rank by an official who has the right to assign this military rank in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

3. A serviceman undergoing military service upon conscription may be reduced in military rank, as well as restored to his previous military rank in the manner determined by the Disciplinary Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Article 49. Age limit for military service

1. The age limit for military service is established for:
- Marshal of the Russian Federation, army general, fleet admiral, colonel general, admiral - 60 years;
- lieutenant general, vice admiral, major general, rear admiral - 55 years;
- colonel, captain 1st rank - 50 years;
- a serviceman with a different military rank - 45 years old.

2. For female military personnel, the age limit for military service is 45 years.

3. With military personnel who have reached the age limit for military service, a contract for military service may be concluded for a period of up to 10 years in the manner determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service, but not beyond the age of 65 years.

Section VII. DISMISSAL FROM MILITARY SERVICE

Article 50. General provisions for dismissal from military service

1. Dismissal from military service of senior officers is carried out by the President of the Russian Federation, and military personnel in military ranks up to colonels, captains of the 1st rank inclusive - in the manner established by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

2. Military personnel are discharged from military service into the reserve, and military personnel who have reached the age limit for being in the reserve at the time of discharge from military service or are recognized as unfit for military service are to retire.

Article 51. Grounds for dismissal from military service

1. A serviceman is subject to dismissal from military service:
a) by age - upon reaching the age limit for military service;
b) upon expiration of the period of military service under conscription or the term of the contract;
c) for health reasons - in connection with his recognition military medical commission unfit for military service;
d) for health reasons - in connection with the recognition by a military medical commission as limitedly fit for military service of a serviceman serving under a contract in a military position for which the state provides for a military rank up to sergeant major or chief petty officer, inclusive, or undergoing military service on conscription (as amended by Federal Laws dated June 28, 2002 N 75-FZ, dated December 30, 2002 N 186-FZ, see the text in the previous edition);
e) in connection with the deprivation of his military rank;
f) in connection with the entry into force of a court verdict imposing a sentence of imprisonment on a military serviceman;
g) in connection with expulsion from a military educational institution of vocational education;
h) in connection with the entry into force of a court verdict depriving a serviceman of the right to hold military positions for a certain period (clause “z” introduced by Federal Law No. 112-FZ of July 25, 2002);
i) in connection with the election of a military serviceman undergoing conscription military service as a deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, a deputy of the legislative (representative) body of state power of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, a senior official of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (head of the highest executive body of state power of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation ), a deputy of a representative body of local self-government or the head of a municipal entity and the exercise of these powers on an ongoing basis (clause “and” introduced by Federal Law of June 19, 2004 N 53-FZ)

2. A serviceman performing military service under a contract may be early dismissed from military service:
a) in connection with organizational and staffing measures;
b) in connection with the transition to service in the internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief, institutions and bodies of the penal system, bodies for control of the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances or the customs authorities of the Russian Federation (as amended by Federal Laws dated July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ, dated July 25, 2002 N 116-FZ, dated June 30, 2003 N 86-FZ, see the text in the previous edition);
c) due to his failure to fulfill the terms of the contract (as amended by Federal Law No. 29-FZ of April 26, 2004, see the text in the previous edition);
d) in connection with the refusal of access to state secrets or deprivation of the said access;
e) in connection with the entry into force of a court verdict imposing a suspended sentence on a serviceman, as well as in connection with the entry into force of a court verdict depriving a serviceman of the right to hold military positions for a certain period (as amended by the Federal Law dated 07/25/2002 N 112-FZ, see text in the previous edition);
f) as having failed the test (clause “e” was introduced by Federal Law No. 29-FZ of April 26, 2004).

2.1. Military personnel who have entered into a contract for military service during the period of conscription military service, who are subject to dismissal from military service on the grounds provided for in subparagraphs “c” and “e” of paragraph 2 of this article, and at the time of dismissal have not completed their conscription military service, sent for military service upon conscription. In this case, the duration of military service under a contract is counted towards the period of military service under conscription at the rate of two days of military service under a contract for one day of military service under conscription (clause 2.1 introduced by Federal Law of April 26, 2004 N 29-FZ).

3. A serviceman performing military service under a contract has the right to early dismissal from military service:
a) in connection with a significant and (or) systematic violation of the terms of the contract in relation to him;
b) for health reasons - in connection with recognition by the military medical commission as limitedly fit for military service (with the exception of persons specified in subparagraph "d" of paragraph 1 of this article);
- (clause “b” as amended by Federal Law No. 75-FZ of June 28, 2002, see the text in the previous edition).
c) for family reasons:
- due to the impossibility of living for a family member of a serviceman for medical reasons in the area in which the serviceman is doing military service, and in the absence of the possibility of transferring the serviceman to a new place of military service favorable for the residence of the specified family member;
- in connection with a change in the place of military service of the husband-soldier (wife-soldier), associated with the need to move the family to another area;
- in connection with the need for constant care for a father, mother, wife, husband, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother or adoptive parent who, for health reasons, in accordance with the conclusion of the state medical and social examination service at their place of residence, needs a permanent stranger care (assistance, supervision) or who are disabled people of the first or second group or persons who have reached retirement age for old age or have not reached the age of 18, in the absence of other persons obligated by law to support these citizens;
- due to the need to care for a child under 18 years of age, whom a serviceman is raising without a mother (father);
d) in connection with the exercise of his powers as a member of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;
e) in connection with his election as a deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, a deputy of the legislative (representative) body of state power of a subject of the Russian Federation, a senior official of a subject of the Russian Federation (the head of the highest executive body of state power of a subject of the Russian Federation) or a deputy of a representative body of local self-government or the head of a municipal entity and the exercise of these powers on an ongoing basis (as amended by Federal Law No. 53-FZ of June 19, 2004, see the text in the previous edition).

3.1. Military personnel upon dismissal from military service on the grounds provided for in subparagraphs "a", "d" and "e" of paragraph 3 of this article, and citizens dismissed from military service on these grounds, are subject to the rights and benefits provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation on the status of military personnel for military personnel upon dismissal from military service in connection with organizational and staffing measures and citizens dismissed from military service on this basis (as amended by Federal Laws of June 28, 2002 N 75-FZ, of April 26, 2004 N 29-FZ, see . text in the previous edition).

4. A military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer and is undergoing military service upon conscription has the right to early dismissal from military service if he has the circumstances provided for in subparagraph "b" of paragraph 2 of Article 23 and subparagraphs "b", "c", " g", "e" and "e" of paragraph 1 of Article 24 of this Federal Law (as amended by Federal Law No. 102-FZ of July 19, 2001, see the text in the previous edition).

5. A military serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is undergoing military service upon conscription has the right to early dismissal from military service if he has the circumstances provided for in subparagraph "b" of paragraph 2 of Article 23 and subparagraphs "a", "b" and "c" "Clause 1 of Article 24 of this Federal Law (as amended by the Federal Law of July 19, 2001 N 102-FZ, see the text in the previous edition).

6. A serviceman performing military service under a contract, upon the conclusion of the certification commission, may be dismissed from military service early at his own request if he has valid reasons.

7. A deceased (deceased) serviceman is excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit from the next day after the day of death or death, and a serviceman who, in accordance with the procedure established by law, is recognized as missing or declared dead - after the day the corresponding court decision enters into legal force.

Section VIII. RESERVE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION,
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SERVICES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, FEDERAL SECURITY SERVICE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Article 52. Enrollment in the reserve

1. The reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is created from among the citizens:
- discharged from military service and enlisted in the reserves;
- those who have successfully completed the training program for reserve officers at military departments at state, municipal or non-state educational institutions of higher professional education with state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) and who have graduated from these educational institutions (as amended by Federal Law No. 27 dated 22.02.2003 -FZ, see text in the previous edition);
those who have not completed military service due to exemption from conscription;
- those who have not completed military service due to the provision of deferments upon reaching the age of 27 years;
- not called up for military service for any other reason;
- those who have completed alternative civil service;
- females with a military specialty.

The reserve of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation is created in the manner determined by this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

2. A citizen who has successfully completed training in the training program for reserve officers at a military department at a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), simultaneously with enlistment in the reserve, is awarded the military rank of officer by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation .

Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen, warrant officers and midshipmen of the reserve who have received a higher professional or secondary vocational education in a civilian specialty related to the training profile of the corresponding military specialty by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation may be awarded the military rank of reserve officer after their certification in the manner , determined by the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

3. A citizen who has not completed military service in connection with an exemption from conscription for military service or the granting of a deferment, as well as a citizen deprived of a military rank by a court decision, simultaneously with enlistment by a military commissar or an official of another body carrying out military registration, assigned the military rank of private or sailor.

4. A citizen who is in the reserve undergoes a medical examination to determine his suitability for military service in accordance with the Regulations on military medical examination.

5. Citizens serving in the internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief, institutions and bodies of the penal system, drug control agencies and psychotropic substances and customs authorities of the Russian Federation, the military specialty is established by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in agreement with the heads of these bodies (as amended by Federal Laws of July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ, of July 25, 2002 N 116-FZ, of June 30, 2003 N 86-FZ, see text in the previous edition).

Article 53. Composition of stock

1. Citizens in reserve are divided into three categories:

2. Female citizens who are in the reserve belong to the third category: those with military ranks of officers remain in the reserve until they reach the age of 50 years, and the rest - until they reach the age of 45 years.

3. A citizen who is in the reserve and has reached the age limit for being in the reserve or is recognized in the manner established by this Federal Law as unfit for military service due to health reasons, is transferred by the military commissar or an official of another body carrying out military registration, retired and removed from the military service. accounting.

Article 54. Military training

1. To prepare for military service, citizens in the reserves may be called up for military training.

Military training for other purposes is not permitted.

2. The duration of military training, the place and time of its holding are determined by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation or the federal executive body in which this Federal Law provides for military service.

3. The duration of military training cannot exceed two months. The total duration of military training in which a citizen is involved during his stay in the reserve cannot exceed 12 months.

4. The frequency of conscription of citizens for military training cannot be more than once every three years.

Article 55. Exemption from military duties

1. Female citizens are exempt from military training.

2. The following are also exempt from military duties:
a) citizens reserved for government bodies, local government bodies and organizations for the period of mobilization and in wartime;
b) employees of internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Disaster Relief, institutions and bodies of the penal system, authorities for control of the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and customs authorities of the Russian Federation ( as amended by Federal Laws No. 117-FZ of July 21, 1998, No. 116-FZ of July 25, 2002, No. 86-FZ of June 30, 2003, see the text in the previous edition);
c) civilian personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, as well as internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Disaster Relief, institutions and bodies of the penal system, authorities for control over the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and customs authorities of the Russian Federation (as amended by Federal Laws dated July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ, dated July 25, 2002 N 116-FZ, dated June 30, 2003 N 86-FZ, see text in the previous edition);
d) flight technical personnel, as well as workers and employees of aviation and railway transport, directly carrying out and providing transportation or engaged in the maintenance and repair of aircraft (helicopters), airfield equipment, rolling stock and railway transport devices;
e) floating composition of sea fleet vessels, as well as floating composition of the river fleet and fishing industry fleet - during the navigation period;
f) citizens directly involved in sowing and harvesting work - during the period of such work;
g) citizens who are teaching staff of educational institutions;
h) citizens studying full-time and part-time (evening) forms of study in educational institutions;
i) citizens studying by correspondence in educational institutions - for the period of examination and test sessions and writing a thesis;
j) citizens discharged from military service - within two years from the date of transfer to the reserve;
k) citizens with three or more minor children;
l) citizens who have grounds for a deferment from conscription for military service, provided for in subparagraphs “a”, “b”, “c”, “f”, “g”, “h”, “i”, “j” and “l” "Clause 1 and Clause 2 of Article 24 of this Federal Law (clause "m" as amended by the Federal Law of June 19, 2004 N 53-FZ, see the text in the previous edition);
m) citizens staying outside the Russian Federation;
o) members of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (clause “o” as amended by Federal Law No. 53-FZ of June 19, 2004, see the text in the previous edition);
p) citizens who have completed alternative civil service (clause “p” was introduced by Federal Law No. 113-FZ of July 25, 2002).

3. The military commissar has the right to exempt a citizen from conscription for military training if there are valid reasons.

Article 56. Procedure for military training

1. The procedure for military training for citizens in the reserves is determined by the Regulations on military training, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. Material support for citizens undergoing military training is carried out at the expense of the federal budget in the manner and amount determined by the Regulations on military training.

Article 57. Assignment of military ranks to citizens in reserve

1. Citizens in the reserves may be assigned the next military rank on the recommendation of the official in charge of military training only after passing military training and passing tests established by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, but no more than twice during the stay of these citizens in the reserve :
a) soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major, warrant officer and midshipman:
- up to and including the chief petty officer - military commissar;
- up to senior warrant officer, senior midshipman inclusive - military commissar of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation;
b) officer:
- up to major, captain 3rd rank inclusive - commander of the military district;
- up to colonel, captain 1st rank inclusive - by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

2. Citizens who are in the reserve and do not have the military rank of officer, who have successfully passed tests under the reserve officer training program during military training, may be awarded the military rank of officer by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

3. Reserve employees of the internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief, institutions and bodies of the penal system, authorities for control of the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, customs authorities of the Russian Federation, as well as to persons dismissed from service in the specified institutions and bodies, military ranks are assigned by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in the certification procedure, taking into account the special ranks they have (as amended by Federal Laws dated July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ, dated July 25 .2002 N 116-ФЗ, dated 06/30/2003 N 86-ФЗ, see the text in the previous edition).

4. Citizens who are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation are assigned military ranks in the manner established by regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Section IX. FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 58. Effect of previously adopted normative legal acts

Regulatory legal acts adopted by the Main Command of the United Armed Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States before the formation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Main Command of the Border Troops of the Commonwealth of Independent States before the formation of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation on issues regulated by this Federal Law remain in force to the extent that does not contradict this Federal law.

Article 59. Effect of exemptions and deferments from conscription for military service

Citizens who have been exempted from conscription for military service or who have been granted a deferment from conscription for military service in accordance with the Law of the USSR "On General Military Duty" and the Law of the Russian Federation "On Military Duty and Military Service" enjoy the specified exemptions and deferments until expiration of their validity period or until their grounds disappear. Citizens serving in the internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief, institutions and bodies of the penal system on the date of entry into force also have the right to a deferment from conscription for military service. of this Federal Law, for the duration of service in these institutions and bodies (as amended by Federal Laws of July 21, 1998 N 117-FZ, of July 25, 2002 N 116-FZ, see the text in the previous edition).

Article 60. Validity of previously concluded contracts for military service

Military service contracts concluded before the entry into force of this Federal Law are valid for the periods for which they were concluded.

Article 61. On the inclusion of the period of active military service in the total duration of military service

The duration of a serviceman's active military service before March 1, 1993 is included in the total duration of his military service.

Article 62. On military ranks not provided for by this Federal Law

Military personnel and citizens who are in the reserve or retired are retained military ranks that are not provided for by this Federal Law and were previously assigned to them.

Article 63. On bringing regulatory legal acts into compliance with this Federal Law

To propose to the President of the Russian Federation and instruct the Government of the Russian Federation to bring its regulatory legal acts into compliance with this Federal Law.

Article 64. On the recognition of certain legislative acts as invalid in connection with the adoption of this Federal Law

In connection with the adoption of this Federal Law, the following shall be declared invalid:
- Law of the Russian Federation “On Military Duty and Military Service” (Vedomosti of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1993, No. 9, Art. 325);
- Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation “On the procedure for enacting the Law of the Russian Federation “On Military Duty and Military Service” dated February 11, 1993 N 4457-1 (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1993, N 9 , Art. 326);
- Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation “On some measures related to the implementation of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Military Duty and Military Service” dated May 19, 1993 N 4983-1 (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1993, N 24, art. 859);
- Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation “On Amendments to the Resolutions of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation “On the Procedure for Enacting the Law of the Russian Federation “On Defense” and “On the Procedure for Enacting the Law of the Russian Federation “On Military Duty and Military Service” dated July 23 1993 N 5506-1 (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1993, N 32, Art. 1270);
- Federal Law “On Amendments and Additions to the Law of the Russian Federation “On Military Duty and Military Service” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1995, No. 18, Art. 1597);
- Federal Law “On Amendments to the Law of the Russian Federation “On Military Duty and Military Service” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1996, No. 20, Art. 2322).

Article 65. On the entry into force of this Federal Law

This Federal Law comes into force on the date of its official publication.

The president
Russian Federation
B.YELTSIN
Moscow Kremlin
March 28, 1998
N 53-ФЗ

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A source of information:

In the Russian Federation, all men are required to perform military service, with the exception of citizens not liable for military service due to poor health. The recruitment procedure and other aspects are specified in Federal Law No. 53.

Description of the law

The Federal Law “On Military Duty and Military Service” was adopted by members of the State Duma on March 6, 1998. 6 days after its adoption, the bill received approval from the Federation Council (March 12). Law 53 came into force on March 28, 1998.

This legislative act implements legal regulation in the field of military service and military duties. The publication of a law is necessary in order to implement Russian men constitutional duty and responsibility to defend the Motherland. Federal Law No. 53 also provides legal regulation in relation to foreign citizens who can enroll in military service on Russian territory.

The law in question consists of 9 sections and 65 articles:

• The 1st section stipulates general provisions law;
• Section 2 regulates the nuances of military registration;
• Section 3 contains aspects related to voluntary preparation for the army;
• section number 4 - stipulates the principles and conditions for conscripting men to serve in the military;
• Section 5 establishes the rules for entering military service on the basis of a contract;
• section number 6 - contains the norms and process of military service;
• Section 7 establishes the reasons and procedure for dismissal from the army;
• Section 8 - characterizes the reserves of the Armed Forces;
• section 8.1 - establishes standards for the mobilization of human reserves of the Armed Forces;
• Section 9 reflects the final provisions of the legislative act.

Legal regulation of military affairs is carried out by:

• this Federal Law No. 53;
• Constitution of Russia:
• laws in the field of defense.

According to this bill, the following are included in military service:

• citizens of the Russian Federation called to serve on a voluntary or contract basis;
• citizens of other states.

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According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, military service is a federal public service, which is performed by citizens of Russia and persons of foreign countries.

The Federal Legislative Act contains many aspects and nuances regarding the conditions, procedures, terms of military service and the registration procedure. For a detailed study of the bill “On conscription and military service”, you can download its latest edition at

Latest changes to Federal Law No. 53

Over time, changes, additions and amendments are made to each legislative act (with the exception of resolutions on the budget for the coming year). Members of the State Duma make changes in order to make the law relevant at the present time.

Federal Law No. 53 has been improved and amendments, modifications and additions have been made to it several times. In the bill last changes were entered on December 28, 2016. The innovations affected 51 articles.

Article 51 p 1

The article is devoted to the grounds for exemption from military service. The grounds for dismissal are:

• age - according to the law, a man who has reached the age limit for serving in a military body is subject to release from duties;
• the end of military service (under contract or conscription) has arrived;
• an unsatisfactory state of health leads to unsuitability for serving in the military forces (only a military medical commission has the right to issue a conclusion on the state of health);
• deprivation of military rank;
• the serviceman has lost the trust of a person in the highest rank and authorized to draw up a notice of dismissal.

In paragraph 1 of article 51 an addition was made to subparagraph “d1”. The additions concern the definition of foreign financial instruments and read: “In this case, the concept of “foreign financial instruments” is used in the meaning defined by the specified Federal Law.

1 article 53 of the law

This article talks about military duty procedure:

• mandatory service training;
• call;
• serving at the post;
• staying in stock.

Amendments were made to this article in 2004 and 2005; in the latest edition it remains unchanged.

Art. 2 F No. 53

According to the provisions of Article 2 of this law, men may serve in:

• Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;
• Troops national guard Russia;
• Engineering and technical;
• Road construction military formations;
• Rescue military units;
• Foreign Intelligence Service;
• State security authorities;
• Bodies of the Investigative Committee.

Article 2 has been amended many times, but in the latest edition it has not been adjusted.

Every citizen knows what military service is. But is the Federal Law “On Military Service and Military Duty” known to all residents of Russia? The main provisions of this bill will be presented in the article.

Military service

What does the Federal Law “On Military Duty” say about the very concept of military-type service? According to the bill, this is a special type of state service performed by Russian citizens who do not have foreign citizenship. How exactly should the service be carried out? According to the law, ordinary citizens - voluntarily or by conscription, and foreign nationals - by contract.

The service is carried out in the following instances:

• armed forces of the Russian Federation;
• Russian National Guard;
• engineering, technical and other military formations;
• rescue units;
• Russian foreign intelligence agencies;
• authorities of the Russian Federal Security Service;
• Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation and in some other instances and bodies.

Military duty

The Federal Law “On Military Duty and Military Service” considers military duty as a combination of the following elements:

• Military registration.
• Call for service.
• Preparation for military service.
• Stay in stock.
• Conscription service.
• Military training.

The Law “On Military Service and Military Duty” also regulates the processes that should take place during the mobilization period. Thus, in wartime, military service for Russian citizens should be determined by federal or federal constitutional laws. Regulatory acts related to mobilization processes, as a rule, provide for:

• conscription during wartime, martial law or mobilization;
• passing special education and direct implementation of the service.

Citizens of the Russian Federation may be exempt from military duty only in exceptional cases prescribed in the relevant federal laws. It is worth noting the possibility of carrying out alternative (civil) service instead of military service.

Military registration

The Law “On Military Service and Military Duty” also regulates the process of organizing military registration. Everyone must be accounted for Russian citizens, with the exception of:

• women;
• persons serving sentences in places of deprivation of liberty;
• persons exempted from military service;
• persons already serving in military service.

The entire procedure for military registration is regulated by the presented federal law, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. Registration must be carried out by military commissariats at the place of residence of citizens. Sometimes commissariats may have their own structural divisions. All powers of military commissars can be transferred to local governments. In this case we'll talk about the so-called primary military registration.

Military registration and enlistment offices are required to collect the following information about each registered citizen:

• first name, patronymic and last name;
• Family status;
• Date of Birth;
• citizen education;
• place of work;
• degree of suitability for military service and some other data.

On preparing a citizen for service

The Federal Law “On Military Duty and Military Service” also regulates the process of preparing citizens for military service. In particular, it is worth highlighting the following:

• gaining knowledge in the field of defense;
• patriotic education;
• training in the basics of military service;
• training in registration and military specialties for sailors, soldiers, foremen and sergeants.

Every citizen who is expected to serve in military structures must have basic knowledge in the field of defense and military affairs. Obtaining knowledge should be carried out in educational organizations as part of the secondary education program.

About conscription

The Law “On Military Duty and Military Service” regulates the entire process of conscription. Thus, according to the bill under consideration, the following categories of citizens are subject to military conscription:

• males from 18 to 27 years old;
• persons in reserve;
• persons who are registered with the military, or persons who are not on the lists, but are required to be registered.

The following categories of citizens have the right to exemption from military service:

• persons already performing military service;
• persons recognized as limitedly fit for service due to health reasons.

Not subject military service the following persons:

• having a criminal record - outstanding or unexpunged;
• serving sentences;
• against whom a criminal case has been initiated.

Certain categories of citizens may receive a so-called deferment from military service. Here it is worth highlighting persons studying at higher educational institutions, citizens raising two or more children, as well as citizens constantly caring for a close relative.

Contract service

The Federal Law of Russia “On Military Duty and Military Service” also regulates military service under a contract. What is a contract? This is an agreement concluded between a citizen and the Russian Ministry of Defense. The contract must contain provisions on the voluntariness of a citizen’s entry into service, as well as on the timing of military service.

The contract comes into force from the date of its signing. It ceases to operate on the day the serviceman is removed from the special lists. The conclusion of a contract is regulated by the Federal Law in question, various provisions and regulations.

A foreigner can also perform military service under a contract. To do this, you must undergo a special medical examination. A foreigner entering the service must have a good command of the Russian language and meet special psychological selection.

On the performance of duties

The Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On Military Duty and Military Service” regulates the main responsibilities of military personnel. Thus, a person performing military duties must:

• take part in hostilities, perform their duties in conditions of emergency or martial law;
• participate in the maintenance of international peace and security;
• perform their main job duties;
• carry out combat duty, perform duties as part of a daily squad;
• carry out instructions or orders given by the commander;
• be on a business trip;
• be, if necessary, undergoing treatment;
• undergo military training;
• go to the place of military service, as well as perform many other assigned duties.

About dismissal

The Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Military Duty and Military Service", namely its seventh section, regulates the procedure for dismissal from service. What should be highlighted here?

If we're talking about about senior officers, then dismissal can only be carried out by the President of Russia. As a rule, military personnel are transferred to the reserve - with the exception of those who retire for health reasons. Which military personnel do not have the right to dismissal with subsequent registration? It is worth highlighting here:

• those dismissed;
• female persons dismissed or expelled from military professional organizations;
• foreign citizens;
• persons in respect of whom a court sentence imposing a sentence has entered into force;
• persons elected upon dismissal permanent place residence abroad.

What should be the grounds for dismissal? Here it is worth highlighting the types of dismissals:

• according to the age;
• upon expiration of service under contract or conscription;
• because of poor condition health;
• in connection with the deprivation of a previously received military rank;
• due to loss of trust from senior officials.

Thus, the Federal Law of Russia “On Military Duty and Military Service” establishes sufficient a large number of issues related to layoffs.

About the armed reserve

What is the reserve in the ranks of the army of the Russian Federation? The bill under consideration says in this case on the so-called mobilization deployment of all military formations of the Russian Federation in necessary cases.

By reserve we mean a human mobilization reserve. This reserve includes citizens who have entered into an agreement with the Ministry of Defense to remain in reserve. Upon the recommendation of the President of the Russian Federation or a separate federal body, the military reserve will have to be collected and formed on a territorial basis.

It is also worth noting that enrollment in the reserves should come from among those discharged from military service, as well as from among citizens who have successfully completed their studies in military higher education organizations.