Medicine for inflammation in the ear. Review of ear drops for the treatment of otitis media. Treatment tactics for external otitis in adults

There is probably not a single adult who has not encountered a disease such as otitis media at least once in his life. Fortunately, the arsenal of means available to modern medicine for the treatment of ear diseases is quite wide.

But how otitis media is treated depends on many various factors: causes of the disease, rate of its development, presence of complications, age and physical condition of the patient. Therefore, if you suspect that you have otitis media, you should not prescribe medications yourself - the effect may be unpredictable. It is better to go to a doctor who will conduct a comprehensive diagnosis and prescribe a treatment regimen.

Otitis: features and dangers

Otitis is a common name that combines inflammatory processes occurring in various parts of the ear. There are several subtypes of this disease, which are classified by:

localization – external, middle and internal;
etymologies – infectious, allergic, traumatic;
intensity – acute, chronic;
duration – acute, subacute, chronic;
type of inflammation - catarrhal, exudative, purulent.

Which anti-inflammatory drugs for otitis media will be the most effective depends directly on the correct diagnosis. And it is almost impossible to do this on your own. Therefore, it is very important not to delay your visit to the doctor - the sooner treatment is prescribed, the lower the risk of complications.

Advanced otitis media can lead to the most serious consequences. A large accumulation of pus puts strong pressure on the eardrum and can lead to its rupture, which opens the infection to the inner ear, from where it can enter the brain and cause inflammation of the meninges (meningitis).

In addition, the infection can enter the blood and spread throughout the body, causing inflammation of the lymph nodes, and in severe cases– sepsis.

Drug treatment

Modern drugs for the treatment of otitis in adults can cope with even a complicated disease within a few days, but only if the drug and its dosage are chosen correctly.

On initial stage For diseases, anti-inflammatory drugs are usually sufficient. For severe pain and acute symptoms, drops with antibiotics and analgesic components are prescribed.

Often the most effective combination is when drops and tablets are used simultaneously for otitis media in adults. This allows you to simultaneously influence the source of the disease and prevent further spread of the infection. In some cases, physiotherapeutic procedures are additionally used, which significantly speed up the healing process.

The most popular remedies for otitis media in adults are:

These are just a few of the remedies used to treat otitis in adults; in fact, there are many more. It is best if they are selected by a doctor after a comprehensive diagnosis, which includes an analysis of ear microflora.

The course of treatment depends on the severity of the disease, but lasts at least 5-7 days. And under no circumstances should you interrupt it yourself.

Physiotherapy

Any medicine for ear inflammation works much more effectively in combination with physiotherapeutic procedures. They significantly speed up the healing process and help you recover faster. normal condition skin. The most frequently prescribed procedures are:

UHF – deep heating of the ear with electromagnetic pulses high frequency. This promotes the rapid expiration of pus, helps reduce pain and stop the inflammatory process.
Electrophoresis - under its influence, the medicine for otitis, introduced into the ear using a gauze turunda, penetrates into the deeper layers of the epidermis and its effectiveness increases several times. It is used in cases where small doses of antibiotics are sufficient.
Microcurrent therapy is prescribed to patients for whom, for medical reasons, it is desirable not to use antibacterial drugs for otitis media. It promotes the active course of biological processes, rapid cell regeneration and strengthening of the body's protective functions.
Ultraviolet irradiation is destructive for most pathogenic microorganisms, but does not penetrate deeply. Therefore, it is effective only for external otitis or inflammation of the middle ear. Works great against fungal infections and wet eczema. May dry out the skin and cause flaking.

At home, it is useful to warm the ear with a blue lamp if the otitis media is not purulent. General contraindications to physiotherapeutic procedures are: pregnancy, cancer, elevated body temperature and disorders of the cardiovascular system.

Folk remedies

At the initial stage of the disease and with external otitis, time-tested folk remedies also help well, the simplest of which is ordinary boric alcohol. It is instilled into the sore ear 2-3 times a day and helps relieve pain and inflammation.

Here are a few more simple ways to treat it at home if inflammation occurs in the ear:

It is better to decide whether to use folk remedies or traditional medications for otitis media in adults together with your doctor.

In some cases, incorrect use of “grandmother’s methods” can cause very serious complications or accelerate the development of the disease. It is important to remember that otitis media is insidious disease, which may lead to partial or complete loss hearing loss if treated incorrectly.

Otitis is an ENT disease, which is an inflammatory process that can be localized in various parts of the ear. This disease is quite common in adults and children.

Only an otolaryngologist can prescribe the correct treatment method for otitis media. Local therapy for otitis involves the use of special ear turundas, ear drops and warm compresses. Usually along with local treatment For otitis media, the doctor prescribes antibiotics that have a wide spectrum of action.

Choosing ear drops for otitis media

All ear drops that are used in the treatment of otitis media can be divided into three groups:

Drops with a combined composition containing glucocorticoids ( sofradex, garazon, anauran, dexona, polydexa);
Monopreparations containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( Otipax, Otinum);
Antibacterial drugs ( normax, otofa, fugentin, tsipromed).

Anauran drops (281 rubles) prescribed for inflammation of the middle ear, acute and chronic otitis externa, they are used by instillation using a pipette into ear canal. These drops are used to treat adults (5 drops twice a day) and children (3 drops three times a day). Pregnant women and children are prescribed the drug only in extreme cases. Side effects of Anauran drops: peeling of the skin of the ear canal, the appearance of itching and burning. Detection of systemic side effects is unlikely due to the use of small doses of this drug.

Sofradex ear drops (205 rubles) used for instillation into the ears and eyes, they have a pronounced anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiallergic effect, often used for otitis media (three drops four times a day). Exceeding the doses of medication prescribed by the doctor is not permissible. The use of this drug sometimes causes side effects in the form of allergic reactions of local origin (itching, burning, pain in the ear canal). Contraindicated for women during pregnancy and lactation, newborns, and persons suffering from liver and kidney failure.

Otipax (177 rubles), They have excellent analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Can be used by both adults (pregnant women are no exception) and children (even from infancy). The disadvantages include the absence of a local antibacterial component and an allergic reaction to lidocaine, which is part of the drops. In general, it is recommended for the treatment of otitis media in the initial stages.

Otinum drops (156 rubles) prescribed to patients with inflammation of the middle ear, they are instilled three times a day, three drops. Allergic reactions are extremely rare when using this drug. Otinum drops are not prescribed to patients who have defects in the eardrum, since the salicylic acid compounds they contain when penetrating its damaged surface cause hearing impairment.

Normax (norfloxacin) (101 rubles)– ear drops that have a wide antibacterial spectrum of action; they are prescribed for the treatment of external otitis, chronic and purulent otitis of the middle ear. Side effects of the drug include minor skin rashes, itching and burning in the area of use. If an allergic reaction develops, immediately stop using the drug and consult a specialist.

Otofa (190 rubles). A very effective antibiotic for acute and chronic diseases middle ear. It has a wide spectrum of action and can be used for perforation of the eardrum. It does not have analgesic properties and is prohibited for pregnant and lactating women.

Candibiotic (245 rubles). The drug has proven itself in the treatment of otitis media and external otitis. It contains several antibiotics: chloramphenicol, beclomethasone dipropionate, clotrimazole, lidocaine hydrochloride - that is, everything you need for effective treatment otitis An important feature of the drug is the antifungal component (clotrimazole). Among the disadvantages, it is worth noting possible allergic reactions. Prohibited for pregnant and breastfeeding women and children under 6 years of age.

So, what are the best drops to choose? ENT doctors recommend Normax, Otofa, Otipax and Candibiotic from a wide range of drugs. But it is better for your doctor to prescribe the drug himself.

Ear drops for the treatment of otitis media in children

The use of antibiotics for otitis media

To achieve the maximum therapeutic effect, experts recommend combining the use of drops with taking antibacterial drugs. Antibiotics, like ear drops, should be prescribed exclusively by specialists after diagnosis. Reception of strictly defined medicines due to the localization of inflammation. Thus, in the treatment of acute otitis media, the following drugs are most often used:

Amoxicillin– an antibiotic that has a pronounced bactericidal and antibacterial effect. Side effects of this drug include various allergic reactions and superinfection. Amoxicillin is prescribed in capsule form after meals 3 times a day. The duration of treatment should be at least a week.
Ampicillin trihydrate It belongs to the group of semi-synthetic penicillins; it is used in the form of powder, tablets, or capsules. This drug is contraindicated for people with liver failure, pregnant and lactating women. Main side effects: allergies, dysbiosis, diarrhea, headaches, in rare cases – anaphylactic shock.

For chronic otitis of the middle ear, the following medications are used:

Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone group, which has a broad antibacterial spectrum of action, widely used in medical practice in most European countries. This antibiotic is contraindicated in minors and pregnant women. If ciprofloxacin is prescribed to a woman during lactation, feeding the baby should be suspended for the period of treatment. The most common side effects: diarrhea, nausea, flatulence, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, tachycardia, candidiasis (See,).
Antibiotic Netilmicin- a representative of the group of aminoglycosides, applied topically by ear injection 2 times a day. The duration of administration is determined by the severity of the inflammatory process and does not exceed two weeks. In rare cases possible side effects in the form of allergic reactions. This drug is contraindicated in old age, during pregnancy and lactation.

When using antibiotics, it is important to remember that any of these drugs can cause dysbiosis, so it is advisable to combine treatment with them with taking probiotics.

Painkillers such as paracetamol and ibuprofen cannot cure ear infections and other inflammatory diseases such as sinusitis, sinusitis and colds. But they will likely help your child feel better by reducing pain.

There are many different types of pain relief tablets for ear infections. Very often, doctors recommend paracetamol and ibuprofen for children suffering from otitis media.

Children's paracetamol is available as:

syrup (5 ml of solution contains 0.12 g of paracetamol);
regular tablets (0.2 and 0.5 g);
soluble tablets (0.5 g);
suppositories (suppositories that should be placed in the rectum).

Paracetamol relieves pain and has an antipyretic effect on the body.

Babies from 3 to 6 months can be given no more than 350 mg of paracetamol tablets per day.
For infants from 6 months to 1 year, the maximum dose is 500 mg.
Children from 1 to 3 years old - 750 mg.
From 3 to 6 years - 1 year.
From 6 to 9 years - 1.5 g.
From 9 to 12 years - 2 years.

The drug is taken up to four times a day at 4-hour intervals. Before using paracetamol for a child, you should definitely consult with an otolaryngologist or therapist.

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID for short). In small doses, NSAIDs have an analgesic effect for symptoms of otitis media and other diseases. At higher doses, they also reduce inflammation (swelling and redness).

Available in:

tablets (0.2 and 0.4 g);
extended-release tablets (0.8 g);
lozenges (0.2 g);
capsules (0.3 g);
gel (5%) for external use;
cream (5%) for external use.

It is prescribed to children from the age of three months. Children 12 years of age and older initially take 150-300 mg of ibuprofen three times a day. Then the dose is reduced to 100 mg three times a day. Maximum dose drug - 1 g.

How do these medications work?

When your child's ear becomes infected with bacteria or viruses, the body produces chemical substances to fight infection. This causes inflammation. When the outer ear, inner ear, or middle ear is inflamed, areas of the ear are painful, red, or swollen.

Ibuprofen stops the production of substances that cause pain and inflammation.
Paracetamol blocks the transmission of pain signals to the central nervous system, so your child's ear will hurt less. But these otitis pills will not reduce swelling and redness in the ear.

Potential health hazards:

Some children complain of stomach pain or vomiting after taking these painkillers. Typically, these problems are short-term.
You can prevent these problems from occurring by giving children pain pills after meals or with food or milk.
If your child takes paracetamol, do not give him or her other products that contain paracetamol. Large amounts of paracetamol have a negative effect on the liver and kidneys.

It is important to know

Read the labels of other medicines very carefully or ask your pharmacist if you are not sure whether a medicine contains paracetamol. Make sure your child takes the recommended dose for his age.

Tablets for acute otitis media in adults

Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (“Bactrim”). It has a bactericidal effect against all pathogens of the middle ear, influenza, pneumonia, staphylococci and streptococci.

Acute ear infections and chronic otitis media respond well to treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Moreover, it is safe for children.

The dosage is 960 mg tablets for otitis in adults once a day. The course of treatment is from 10 days to two weeks.

Cefuroxime ("Ceftin"). It is considered a second-line choice for the treatment of ear infections for which amoxicillin or amoxicillin and clavulanate are ineffective or cannot be used. Usual Adult Dose: 250 mg, twice daily for 10 days. For more serious infections, the dose is increased to 500 mg twice daily.

Cefpodoxime proxetil (Vantin). It is one of the recommended means for choosing the second line of treatment for otitis media. This remedy is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Frequent side effects"Vantina" are gastrointestinal and dermatological disorders. Adult dosage: 100 to 400 mg every half day.

Cefdinir ("Omnitsef"). These tablets for otitis media in adults are a possible second-line treatment option. Benefits of the drug include pleasant taste, single or double dosage and a five-day course for treatment acute infection ear. Dosage for adults: 300 mg every half day (course from 5 to 10 days) or 600 mg once for 10 days.

It is important to know

You should not prescribe medicine for otitis yourself, otherwise you can “translate” the disease into the category of chronic.

Effective treatment of otitis in adults

Inflammation of the middle ear or otitis media is most often referred to as a childhood disease, but it is also common in adults. Treatment of otitis in adults is not much different from the treatment of childhood otitis. This disease can appear due to the activity of streptococci or pneumococci; otitis media can also cause viral nature or appear as a complication of hypertrophic processes in the nasopharynx. This disrupts the function of the Eustachian tube and reduces resistance.

Course of the disease

The emergence and development of inflammation in the middle ear. Symptoms of otitis media are ear pain, a slight increase in temperature, sleep suffers, appetite decreases, and general malaise occurs. The eardrum is hyperemic and protrudes into the area of the ear canal.
Perforation of the eardrum, discharge of pus. Symptoms at this time: shooting pain in the ear. The pain can last for 5-7 days, after which it subsides and inflammation decreases.
Reconservation, i.e. gradually the discharge of pus stops. The eardrum heals and all physiological processes in the ear are restored.

Therapeutic measures

Treatment of otitis media in adults depends on the pathogen and severity of the disease. If the inflammation is caused by the activity of bacteria, then antibiotic therapy is used. At viral otitis Treatment will take some time and will be more difficult.

In some cases, myringotomy is performed - this is a minimally invasive operation. This involves inserting a small plastic tube into the eardrum. With its help, the remaining fluid is removed in this place, thereby reducing the pressure. The tube remains in the ear for some time and after a certain period falls out of the ear on its own, without causing discomfort to the patient.

Sometimes the cause of otitis may be the growth of adenoid tissue, in which case an operation is performed to remove the adenoids, but this condition is typical of childhood.

In general, treatment of otitis media can be carried out according to the following scheme:

drops for inflammation;
antibacterial therapy;
sulfonamides;
if necessary, antipyretics;
painkillers;
vitamin complex;
the use of compresses, they are usually alternated: first a warming one, and then a cold compress for a few minutes;
Boric acid can be instilled locally, but it is better to consult a doctor first.

Drops in the ears for otitis media

Ear drops for otitis media are divided into three groups according to their action and composition:

Combined drugs. They contain glucocorticoids. These are Sofradex, Anauran, Garazon, Polydexa, Dexona, etc.
Single drugs. They contain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as drops such as Otinum, Otipax.
Preparations containing antibiotics: Otofa, Normax, Tsipromed, Fugentin.

Combined ear drops are used for inflammation of the middle and outer ear, for acute or chronic disease. Most often they are instilled using a pipette. But it should be noted that drugs containing glucocorticoids are rarely prescribed to children and pregnant women and only in the most extreme cases.

Side effects:

peeling of the skin in the ear;
itching and burning at the injection site.

But such conditions are considered rare, since combined drops prescribed in small doses and for a short period of time.

These drugs, for example, Sofradex, are intended for instillation into the eyes. Sofradex has, in addition to anti-inflammatory effects, antibacterial and antiallergic. Apply it 3-4 drops 2 times a day, no more. Like any other drug, Sofradex may have local allergic side effects - burning, itching, redness, etc. Monopreparations are also anti-inflammatory; they are used 3-4 drops 2 times a day. They have practically no side effects. If the patient has a damaged eardrum, drops containing salicylic acid are not prescribed, as there is a high probability of hearing loss.

Drops containing an antibiotic are used for microbial infections of the outer and middle ear, for purulent otitis media and for the chronic course of the disease. Antibacterial drops, for example Normax, may have side effects such as:

small rash on the skin;
itching and burning at the site of contact with drops;
Quincke's edema.

If these manifestations occur, you should immediately stop taking the drug and seek help from a doctor. Only the attending physician will be able to correctly prescribe the necessary medications.

Antibacterial drugs

The doctor may prescribe, in addition to drops, antimicrobial drugs for oral administration. But these drugs are prescribed only after the correct diagnosis has been made. The location of inflammation also plays an important role. For inflammation of the middle ear, the following antibiotics are recommended:

Amoccicillin. This antibiotic fights the inflammatory process and the bacteria that cause it. Adults are prescribed capsules three times a day after meals. Usually the course of treatment is 7 days.
Ampicillin trihydrate. Release form: powder, tablets or capsules. Contraindications: pregnancy, lactation, renal or liver failure. Adverse reactions include allergic reactions, diarrhea, in rare cases anaphylactic shock, headaches and dysbacteriosis.

Chronic otitis media is characterized by a protracted manifestation of the disease, so a different group of antibiotics is prescribed here.

Ciprofloxacin. Applicable this drug for many inflammations. Ciprofloxacin is not prescribed to pregnant women and people under 18 years of age. If the drug is prescribed to a nursing woman, then breastfeeding should be stopped for the period of treatment. Adverse reactions:

diarrhea;
nausea and bloating;
dizziness;
fatigue;
sleep disturbance;
tachycardia;
skin rash;
candidiasis.

If an overdose occurs, emergency gastric lavage is prescribed.

Netilmicin. It is used by injection. The injection is given 2 times a day in the ear area. The course of application depends on the severity of otitis and lasts up to 14 days. Side effects may include local allergic reactions, and these are extremely rare. Netilmicin should not be used by pregnant and lactating women, newborns and the elderly.

When using all antibacterial drugs, remember the side reactions of any antibacterial agent - this is dysbacteriosis; It is necessary to treat otitis media in adults in combination with probiotics.

A number of complications that may occur with otitis media

Mastoiditis. Inflammatory process in the cells of the mastoid process. This complication appears after 6 years of age.
Penetration of pus into the skull area through the passage between the pyramidal and temporal bones.
Chronic course of the disease.
The occurrence of adhesions and scars, which reduces a person’s hearing.
Persistent dry perforation of the eardrum.
Inflammation of the pyramidal bone (petrositis).
Facial nerve paresis.

Prevention of otitis includes simple rules that can be easily followed without visiting a doctor. Rinse your nose regularly, you can use regular boiled water or special nasal sprays to remove bacteria. These sprays contain xylitol, which fights bacteria. Doctors advise using chewing gum with xylitol.

Antibiotics for otitis media

Otitis is an acute or chronic inflammatory process in various ear zones (external, middle or internal). Antibiotics for otitis are prescribed in mandatory, based on the severity and stage of the process, the sensitivity of microorganisms, the degree of development of clinical symptoms, and the age of the patient.

Previously untreated ear diseases require the prescription of stronger antibiotics. Sometimes it is necessary to use not one, but several types of antibacterial agents, if pathological process is in an advanced stage.

Let's consider the advisability of antibiotic therapy for inflammatory ear diseases.

Are antibiotics needed for otitis media?

Antibiotic therapy is very important in the development of inflammatory processes. However, many experts are of the opinion that until spontaneous perforation of the ear membrane and the release of exudative fluid there is no need to prescribe antibiotics. The acute stage of uncomplicated otitis usually resolves within 5 days. Antimicrobial therapy is included in cases where symptomatic treatment catarrhal otitis does not bring relief to the patient: the ear pain does not go away, hearing acuity worsens, there are signs general intoxication body.

When purulent discharge They take an analysis of the microflora content and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics. If it is not possible to gain access to the exudate, a puncture is performed to take samples of intra-ear contents, or they make do with the prescription of broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs.

Prevention of complications, especially in patients with low immune defenses, may also be an indication for antibiotic therapy.

What antibiotics should I take for otitis media?

The most popular drug, amoxicillin, has excellent antimicrobial and antiseptic effects. If the patient is not allergic to semisynthetic penicillins, it can be successfully prescribed at any stage of the inflammatory process. However, this drug is contraindicated in patients with impaired liver function, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

The aminoglycoside netilmicin is a drug for local injection use, used for no more than 14 days in a row. It has good therapeutic indicators and a minimum of side effects.

The question of prescribing medications is decided by the doctor individually after the results of tests for the microflora of the discharge.

If it is impossible to check the sensitivity of microflora to the action antimicrobial agents broad-spectrum drugs are prescribed:

chloramphenicol, alcohol solution. Use 2-3 drops for purulent otitis media;
amoxicillin 3-3.5 grams per day;
augmentin 375 mg 3 times a day;
cefuroxime intramuscular injection;
ceftriaxone once a day;
ampicillin intramuscular injection.

Adding antibiotics to the treatment regimen for otitis significantly reduces the likelihood of complications and improves the prognosis of the disease.

Antibiotics for otitis media in children

Immediately before prescribing any medications to a child, it is necessary to assess his general condition and determine further tactics treatment.

If you detect signs of otitis in a child, you should not rush to prescribe antibiotics. They are used only in severe, moderate and complicated cases of the disease, especially in children under 2 years of age, when the immune system is still in its infancy.

When the inflammatory process is mild in older children, they usually manage by eliminating the clinical manifestations of the disease, using analgesics, ear drops, compresses, ointments, and lotions. But if there is a characteristic picture of general intoxication of the body, there is an elevated temperature, persistent headaches - you cannot do without antibiotics. In such cases, the sick child must be hospitalized in a hospital, where the doctor decides on the further use of drugs. Usually, preference is given to the well-known and effective antibiotic amoxicillin. However, if the child’s well-being has not improved within two days from the moment of administration, another drug is prescribed, for example, from the cephalosporin series.

During treatment with antibiotics, the prescribed dosage should be strictly observed throughout the entire prescribed course, even in cases of persistent improvement in the patient's general condition. Due to an unmotivated dose reduction, weakened but living bacteria can gain new strength, and then the inflammatory process will flare up again.

Antibiotics for otitis in adults

Otitis in adults often has an infectious etiology. Therefore, antibacterial drugs are used quite often, along with analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, with warming procedures and rinsing with antiseptic agents.

The type of antibiotic prescribed is determined depending on the infection present in the ear. In severe cases, simultaneous use of several types of antibiotics is possible, for example, orally and in the form of intramuscular injections.

In acute otitis media, antibiotics are prescribed without fail: amoxicillin, amoxiclav, doxycycline, rovamycin. The drugs are prescribed in the form of tablets and capsules for internal use, and in severe and unfavorable cases of the disease, intramuscular or intravenous injections are used.

Antibiotic therapy is prescribed with caution to elderly people and is strictly contraindicated for women during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Antibiotics for acute otitis media

Acute otitis is characterized by a sharp increase in symptoms, rapid deterioration general well-being the patient is worried about excruciating pain in the ear, radiating to the entire half of the head and to the teeth, and a rapid rise in body temperature to 39 degrees.

Antibacterial agents applied topically, in the form of drops and ointments, are very effective in such situations. But in many cases there is a need to take systemic drugs. Combined antibiotics have a wider spectrum of action and high functional activity. Combinations of drugs such as neomycin + bacitracin, polymyxin + hydrocortisone have high performance efficiency.

For the treatment of acute otitis media, any of the broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used, which have a pronounced bactericidal effect and restore the natural slightly acidic environment of the ear canal. The most acceptable preparations are semisynthetic penicillins that are resistant to beta-lactamases (dicloxacillin orally or oxacillin intravenously, also a group of cephalosporins).

Antibiotics for chronic otitis media

Chronic otitis develops, as a rule, with improper or untimely treatment of acute inflammation.

Chronic otitis is characterized by a wide variety of pathogens, mixing of different types of bacteria in the exudate, which significantly complicates the choice of antibiotic and the prescription of a general treatment regimen. The destruction of polymicrobial flora requires the use of stronger drugs, sometimes their combinations.

In the case of long-standing and difficult-to-treat chronic forms of otitis, medications such as Sparflo (orally 400 mg at first, 200 mg daily in subsequent days), Avelox at a dose of 400 mg daily at a time are prescribed. The course of treatment should last from 10 to 14 days, with mandatory background intake of antifungal and microflora-normalizing medications and vitamin complexes.

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is especially popular in medical institutions in Europe. This drug is good because it has a detrimental effect on both active and immobile bacteria. Taken on an empty stomach three times a day, the maximum daily dose is 750 mg.

Antibiotics for otitis media

Otitis media, the most common form of otitis, is an inflammatory process in the middle ear.

Antibiotic therapy is prescribed, as a rule, when complications develop, the disease is protracted, and there is fluid in the ear cavity. The most suitable drug is selected based on the allergic sensitivity of the patient, his condition and age. If it is impossible to clarify which specific pathogen caused the disease, a systemic antibiotic is prescribed that acts on a wide range of the most typical pathogens of otitis (pneumococcal infection, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella, etc.).

Most often, amoxicillin is preferred in the treatment of otitis media. The usual dosage for adults is 3 g daily, three times a day. Children take 85 mg per kg of body weight per day.

If after 2-3 days clinical picture does not improve, it is necessary to replace this antibiotic with a stronger combination drug - for example, amoxiclav, cefuroxime.

Antibiotics for purulent otitis media

The development of purulent otitis is characterized by a breakthrough of the internal membrane and the release of purulent contents to the outside.

During this period, it is advisable to prescribe rinses with antimicrobial agents (that do not have an ototoxic effect, that is, do not depress auditory function), and introduce combined antibiotic solutions into the ear cavity. Such procedures are carried out exclusively in a hospital or clinic by an otolaryngologist.

General therapeutic methods for purulent otitis do not differ from those for a standard inflammatory process. Antibacterial therapy is carried out with complex drugs erythromycin, clarithromycin, amoxiclav, ceftriaxone. If complications develop and the disease lasts for a long time, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac, olfen) are added. The well-known first-generation drug ampicillin remains popular, although the use of newer drugs - amoxicillin (flemoxin, ospamox) - is more rational.

Antibiotics for external otitis

Otitis externa affects the skin of the ear, the outer area of the ear canal and the periosteum, which is located just under the skin. If it is not possible to examine the condition of the eardrum and exclude a deeper spread of the process, treatment is prescribed simultaneously for both external and internal otitis.

The main point in the treatment of external otitis is the use of antibiotics in the form of ear drops (ofloxacin, neomycin). You can also use a cotton swab with antimicrobial ointment or antibiotic solution inserted deep into the ear canal. This tampon should be changed every 2.5 hours throughout the day.

It is imperative to include additional treatment methods, such as warm compresses, vitamin therapy, and support for intestinal microflora.

Most often, when treating otitis externa, there is no need to prescribe antimicrobial agents. Antibiotic therapy is carried out only in cases of complications or in patients with critically weakened immune forces of the body.

Drops for otitis with antibiotic

Drops used to treat ear inflammation are usually very effective, as they are injected directly into the site of inflammation. They can be of several types:

hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs (otinum, otipax);
antibiotic solutions (chloramphenicol, normax, tsipromed, fugentin);
combined solutions combining the action of an antibiotic and a glucocorticoid (sofradex, anauran, polydex, garazon).

The drug Anauran is applicable for all types of acute and chronic forms of otitis, used by adults and children 3-5 drops three times a day.

Sofradex drops can be used in medicinal purposes for otitis and conjunctivitis, they have a strong anti-inflammatory and antiallergic local effect.

Drops, as a rule, have a fairly wide spectrum of action. Use topically, 4 drops twice a day in the affected ear, for children 2-3 drops three times a day.

Ear drops containing corticosteroids are prescribed with caution to small children and pregnant women.

If you suspect the possibility of an allergic reaction (swelling of the ear, rash, itching), the use of the drops is stopped, and the doctor reviews the treatment regimen and replaces the drug with a more suitable one.

The best antibiotic for otitis media

The best antibiotic for otitis is determined by the results of a microflora analysis. As for broad-spectrum drugs, special mention should be made of amoxicillin, which is most often used in medical practice for various types of otitis and in most cases has a positive effect. therapeutic effect in all age groups.

Amoxicillin belongs to the penicillin series of antibiotics and inhibits the action of most harmful microorganisms: streptococci, staphylococci, E. coli, etc.

The drug is taken orally separately from meals, 0.5 g 3 times a day, for complicated diseases up to 3 g per day. The duration of taking amoxicillin, like any other antibiotic, is at least 8-10 days. Even with a noticeable improvement in the patient’s well-being and the disappearance of clinical symptoms, treatment is continued until the specified period. Untimely discontinuation of antimicrobial drugs can provoke a relapse of the inflammatory process, and in a more severe form.

How to cure otitis media without antibiotics?

Therapeutic actions for uncomplicated otitis may not include the prescription of antibiotics. Sometimes conservative complex treatment of the inflammatory process is more than enough:

if necessary, antipyretics are prescribed (aspirin, paracetamol);
three times a day, the drug otipax - 2 drops in the sore ear;
the use of a nasal spray to relieve swelling of the mucous membrane (nasivin, noxprey, etc.);
at regular intervals, change ear swabs with a medicinal substance (boric alcohol, vodka, onion juice);
for external otitis, lubricate the ear and surrounding area with a bactericidal agent;
in case of inflammation, you should drink a lot of liquid, as in case of a cold (raspberry, currant, rose hip, linden tea);
Provide the patient with peace and ensure there are no drafts.

At the first signs of otitis, you can try using traditional methods treatment of the disease. Even those plants that grow directly in the house, on the window, can be useful: aloe, colanchoe, agave, geranium. A freshly picked leaf or part of it is rolled into a turunda and inserted into the sore ear. You can squeeze the juice from the plants and instill 3-5 drops of it into the sore ear.

Can also be used as drops warm solution honey, celandine juice, mint tincture, boric alcohol.

During treatment, you should drink plenty of fluids; it would be a good idea to take multivitamin complexes, as well as medications that strengthen the immune system.

If the patient’s condition clearly worsens, it is still necessary to consult a doctor in order to prevent further progression of the disease and the development of complications.

To avoid inflammation in the ear area, remember that in the cold season it is not permissible to go outside without a hat, especially not immediately after taking a shower or bath. After visiting the pool or swimming on the beach, it is necessary to dry your ears well, avoiding prolonged presence of water, especially dirty water, in the ear canals.

If the disease does occur, treatment is best carried out under the supervision of a specialist who will prescribe the appropriate treatment for you and necessary antibiotics with otitis.

The most effective medications for otitis media

Otitis is a serious ENT disease localized in different parts ear. As a rule, medications for otitis should be prescribed by an otolaryngologist. Taking into account the fact that people of any age and with different health conditions are susceptible to the disease, it is the doctor who determines the treatment methods, the form of medications and their dosage. Most often, complex therapy is used to cure otitis media, including taking antibiotics, using ear drops and warm compresses.

Drops for use in otitis media

Modern pharmaceuticals offer many medications for instillation into the ears. If we consider drops, they are divided into 3 groups and can be:

antibacterial (Normax, Tsipromed, Otofa, Fugentin, etc.);
anti-inflammatory based on non-steroidal drugs (Otipax, Otinum, etc.);
combined based on glucocorticoid hormones (Anauran, Dexona, Sofradex, etc.).

Drops of combined action are prescribed for otitis media localized in the outer or middle ear. Can be used by both adults and children. But due to the presence of many side effects, glucocorticoid-based drugs are prescribed to children only in extremely severe cases.

Antibacterial drugs are used in case of development of purulent or chronic otitis media located in the middle ear.

Like any antibiotics, drops of this group can cause allergic reactions, which are manifested by skin rashes, itching or burning in the ear canal, and even Quincke's edema.

In recent years, new antibacterial agents. Since the likelihood of developing an allergy when using them is extremely low, they are prescribed to children of any age.

Use of antibiotics for otitis media

In order for the treatment process to be as effective as possible, complex therapy includes taking antibiotics. For acute otitis media, the doctor may prescribe the following medications:

Ampicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin, available in the form of capsules, powder or tablets. Not recommended for use by people suffering from liver failure, pregnant or lactating women. It is often accompanied by side effects, the main ones being: dysbacteriosis, allergic reactions, headache, diarrhea, anaphylactic shock.
Amoxicillin is an antibacterial and bactericidal properties, produced in the form of capsules. Allergies and superinfections may occur as side effects.

If a patient is diagnosed with chronic otitis media, the doctor may prescribe the following medications:

Netilmicin is a drug from the group of aminoglycosides in the form of ear drops. Side effects are extremely rare; despite this, it is contraindicated in the elderly, newborns, pregnant and lactating women.
Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic belonging to the group of fluoroquinolones and has a wide spectrum of action. Admission may be accompanied by side effects such as insomnia, candidiasis, tachycardia, diarrhea, dizziness and nausea. It is used as the main remedy in the treatment of otitis in many European countries, but is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women and children under 18 years of age.

In children, taking antibiotics must be treated with extreme caution, strictly following all doctor’s recommendations and prescriptions, since uncontrolled treatment can cause serious harm to a fragile body.

Compresses for otitis media

Most often, compresses are used in complex therapy when treating children. The main thing here is to remember that compresses can only be done if the child does not have an elevated body temperature.

A cotton swab moistened with heated boric alcohol and inserted into the ear canal of the sore ear can serve as a compress. Alternatively, you can use vodka or Vaseline oil, heated to body temperature.

To make a real warming compress, you should take 3-4 gauze napkins and fold them on top of each other. Then a hole the size of an ear is cut in the center of the napkins. The fabric is wetted with a small amount camphor oil or alcohol, diluted in equal proportions with water, and applied to the ear so that Auricle passed through the hole. First, the ear area should be lubricated with a thick cream or vegetable oil. Place cellophane or wax paper for compresses on top of the napkins, then a piece of cotton wool and secure everything with a scarf or scarf.

Usually, alcohol compresses used 2 times a day: during the day for 3-4 hours and throughout the night.

Same therapeutic effect It also has a herbal compress, which can be prepared from basil, sweet clover and chamomile. It is necessary to mix all the herbs in equal proportions, then take 3 tbsp. l. raw materials and pour 1 cup of boiling water. The mixture is infused for 0.5 hours, then filtered. Subsequent steps are similar to those performed when applying an alcohol compress.

You can also make a mint compress. He takes great pictures painful sensations, therefore it will be especially good for treating children. To make a compress, squeeze out 1 tsp from fresh leaves of narrow-leaved fireweed and peppermint. juice, which is diluted with 500 ml hot water. Then 1 tsp is added to the solution. honey Soak a napkin in the liquid and apply a compress.

Traditional medicine

Preparations made at home according to traditional medicine recipes have proven themselves well as remedies for otitis media. So, hare fat has an excellent effect. It can be heated to a liquid state and instilled into the ear canals, or wipes can be soaked in it and used as compresses.

To treat otitis, an alcoholic infusion of wormwood flowers is used. You should take 1 tsp. raw materials and pour 70 ml of medical alcohol. Then the liquid is placed in a dark place and infused for 10 days. From time to time the tincture needs to be shaken. When the product is ready, soak a cotton swab in it and place it in the ear canal of the affected ear overnight. The otitis should go away in a few days.

If otitis media manifests itself as hearing loss, but there is no pain, you should use baked onion juice. The medicine is prepared as follows: the middle of a large onion is cut out, 1 tsp is placed in the hole. powdered cumin seeds. Then the hole is covered with a lid from the cut out part and the onion is placed in the oven. As soon as the onion is baked, you need to remove it and squeeze out the juice. The still warm juice is instilled into the sore ear in the amount of 6 drops (3 drops are used for a child) and covered with cotton wool. The procedure should be repeated 2 times a day until the pus is completely discharged and the condition improves.

For otitis it is very good to use mumiyo. You can use two recipes based on this substance:

Take mumiyo and butter. 0.5 tsp. Mix mummy with 50 g of heated oil, drop 1 drop into the sore ear in the morning and before bed.
Take mumiyo, milk and honey. Mix 1 glass of milk, 1 tsp. honey and 0.5 tsp mumiyo. The mixture is taken daily, 1 glass. The medicine relieves inflammation and pain.

If aloe and Kalanchoe grow in your apartment, then you can use their medicinal properties to heal. You need to take 2 plant leaves (preferably equal in size), chop them thoroughly and put them in gauze. Make a tampon from gauze, apply it to the sore ear overnight and secure it with a scarf or handkerchief.

Also, medicine for otitis media can be prepared from bay leaf, which every housewife has in her house. You should take 2 laurel leaves, chop them and pour them into 1 glass of boiling water. The mixture is infused for 2 hours, then filtered. The finished medicine is instilled into the ear canal before bedtime, 4 drops each.

Very simple but effective remedies, when used in complex therapy with medications prescribed by a doctor, will help eliminate otitis media and prevent its complications. They will relieve inflammation, pain and cleanse the ear of pus.

Ear drops for otitis media

For self-treatment For ear pain, people use the most effective and affordable remedy - drops. They are convenient to use and easy to buy without a prescription. Let's find out which children's ear drops for otitis are safe, which will help adults cope with the disease. Let's try to understand the names and composition of the medications offered, find out which drops to use for ear pain, and what to give preference when being treated with antibiotics.

Drops in the ears for inflammation

All ear drops for otitis are divided into four types:

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
medications with antibacterial action;
combination drugs with glucocorticosteroid hormones;
medicines against fungus.

Anti-inflammatory

At the initial stage of inflammation, the inexpensive and safe “Albucid” (sodium sulfacyl) is effective. When the disease is prolonged or complicated, combined anti-inflammatory drugs or non-steroidal drugs are prescribed. The latter are alcohol-based and include phenazone and the anesthetic lidocaine. Drops in the ears for inflammation have a drying and anti-inflammatory effect:

"Otinum" (analogues - "Brotinum", "Holycaps");
"Otipax";
"Ototon";
"Droplex";
"Otosporin";
"Oticaine."

List of combined drugs for the effective treatment of purulent inflammation:

"Garazon";
"Dexona";
"Dex";
"Sofradex";
"Anauran";
"Otipol";
"Polydex";
"Combinil Duo";
"Genodex";
"Pledrex";
"Dexon"
"Aprolat."

With antibiotic

Ear antibiotics are drugs that contain broad-spectrum antibacterial substances (rifampicin, chloramphenicol, etc.). The use of such medications quickly stops the spread of the infection that caused the inflammation. Antibiotics for otitis in adults and children prevent the release of pus and possible perforation of the eardrum. Effective drugs:

"Otofa";
"Tsipromed";
"Ciprofloxacin";
"Normax";
"Norfloxacin" (analogue of "Normax");
"Fugentin";
"Ofloxacin";
"Dancil";
"Rifonat".

Separately, it is worth noting the combined drug “Candibiotic” with the active antimycotic component clotrimazole. Experts consider this medicine to be the only effective treatment for ear inflammation caused by fungus. The drug is effective for the treatment of allergic and infectious inflammations, thanks to the antibiotic chloramphenicol and the glucocorticosteroid hormone beclomethasone.

What to put in your ear for pain

Is it possible to drip hydrogen peroxide into your ear when it hurts? Yes, but the solution will only help cleanse the ear canal of pus and dissolve the wax plug. It does not have a long-term analgesic effect, so it is necessary to use medications with an anesthetic (lidocaine). When using medications, you need to pay attention to contraindications, because not all medications are approved for children and have restrictions for adults.

For adults

For adults, there are no contraindications to the use of ear drops. A number of drugs are prohibited for use by pregnant women, breastfeeding and intolerance to individual components of the drug. For example, lidocaine can cause an allergic reaction. Of the popular painkillers, preference should be given to the following ear drops for otitis media:

"Candibiotic";
"Otipax" (allowed during pregnancy);
"Anauran";
"Viotik".

To kid

Not all ear drops for otitis media are approved for use by children. They are only suitable for medications with local effects that do not enter the bloodstream if the eardrum is intact. Pediatricians recommend using the following ear drops for otitis media in children:

"Otipax" and "Otirelax" are effective painkillers that are approved for children from birth.
"Otofa" is a remedy with a pronounced antimicrobial effect, but is not capable of relieving pain. It can even be used for infants.
"Otinum" - for children from 1 year.
“Candibiotic” is a combination drug with an anti-inflammatory effect. Do not use for children under 6 years of age or with a damaged eardrum.
"Garazon" - antibiotic products, allowed from 8 years of age.

Video: how to properly drip into your ears

Watch the video instructions on how to properly instill the medicine into the external auditory canal. An experienced nurse shows on a mannequin the order and features of the instillation procedure, accompanying her actions with detailed comments. Find out what additional tools you may need, what mistakes are often made when using ear drops for inflammation, and how to do it so as not to harm yourself or others.