So, we will talk about how to correctly calculate the dose of medication for a child. How much folic acid to take during pregnancy? Norm of folic acid when planning pregnancy. When is the best time to take

When we finish our training, we often forget a lot of what we went through in the program. For example, not everyone remembers how many milligrams are in a gram. However, this knowledge is sometimes simply necessary in Everyday life. For example, correct dosage of various components in cooking, medicine, cosmetology often depends on how well we have mastered the system of converting mass from kilograms to grams, from grams to milligrams. If you take this lightly, you can easily ruin the result. After all, it is much easier to figure out how much to add and where, knowing how many milligrams are in a gram. Small values are often used when working with small volumes of substances, and it is very important not to confuse the ratio. Even on the Internet, you can sometimes come across statements that confidently say that a gram contains 100 milligrams. But it is quite possible that, after reading such a post, another person will simply make a mistake with his calculations. So, how many milligrams are in a gram? And how to do the calculations correctly?

A milligram is a thousandth of a gram. The value of the prefix "milli" means 10 to the -3 power, respectively, indicating one thousandth. That is, one gram consists of one thousand milligrams. In fact, it is not at all difficult to convert these values even without a calculator. To do this, it is enough to use the most basic knowledge of arithmetic.

To make it easier to understand how many milligrams are in 1 gram, I will present clear example:

1 gram is equal to 1,000 milligrams

And vice versa:

1 milligram is equal to 0.001 grams

It follows that:

1 kilogram is equal to 1,000 grams, which is equal to 1,000,000 milligrams

Using such a simple table, you can correctly calculate the amount of substances.

Knowing how many milligrams are in one gram is necessary if you want to correctly follow various recipes. cosmetics, medicines. After all, situations often arise when we can independently understand all the subtleties and nuances, but ignorance of how many milligrams are in a gram and well-founded uncertainty about the correctness of the calculations prevents us from finding a rational solution.

Suppose you need to give medicine small child. But it is known that the dosage of some drugs differs quite strictly between adults and children. In this case, the most difficult thing is to select the necessary dose that will not cause any side effects and negative effects on health for very young children under three years of age. Having a whole tablet and knowing its standard weight, as well as the amount of active substance, you can easily do this. In an example it looks like this.

Tablet weight is 500 milligrams. The pediatric dose of this drug is 0.25 grams. Difficult? Not at all. One has only to use the elementary school formula and everything will fall into place. You can use two different ways converting quantities - from grams to milligrams or vice versa. This is what the result will be:

500 milligrams = 0.5 grams. And you only need 0.25. We divide the tablet into two parts and get the right dose necessary medicine.

You can do the other way around:

0.25 grams = 250 milligrams

The result is two numbers - 500 milligrams and 250 milligrams. And now it is much easier to understand how to properly split the tablet.

I will give a few more examples of converting grams to milligrams and vice versa.

0.12 grams = 120 milligrams.

540 milligrams = 0.54 grams

0.03 grams = 30 milligrams

36 milligrams = 0.036 grams

Here's how you can easily deal with such incomprehensible quantities. There is no need to divide or multiply if you correctly understand the number of zeros. In the version with 540 milligrams, 0.54 grams can be obtained by simply moving the separating comma three digits forward, which means three zeros in 1000. After all, did you remember that there are 1000 milligrams in one gram? And in the case of converting 0.03 grams to milligrams, the comma is moved back three digits and the missing zero is added. 0.030 = 30.

Liquid volume measures

1 teaspoon = 5 ml.

1 dessert spoon= 2 teaspoons = 10 ml.

1 tablespoon = 3 teaspoons = 15 ml.

Example: 1

Composition - 15 mg / 5 ml. (indicated on the package or in the instructions) This means that 1 teaspoon contains 15 mg. medicine.

If you are prescribed a single dose of 15 mg, then you should take 1 teaspoon of syrup at one time.

If you are prescribed a single dose of 30 mg, then you should take 2 teaspoons of syrup at one time.

Example: 2

The bottle contains 80 mg / 160 ml, where 80 mg is the active ingredient. In this case, it is recommended to take the drug 1 teaspoon 2 times a day.

We calculate the dose of 1 ml: for this, the dose of the substance in the entire volume must be divided by the entire volume of liquid:

Divide 80 mg by 160 ml = 0.5 mg per 1 ml.

Since a teaspoon holds 5 ml, we multiply the result by 5. That is: 0.5 mg X 5 = 2.5 mg.

Therefore, 1 teaspoon (single dose) contains 2.5 mg. active substance.

Example: 3

The instructions indicate that 60 ml of the finished solution contains 3000 mg of the active substance.

And 60 ml is 12 teaspoons of 5 ml.

Now let’s do the calculations: the indicated dose of the substance is 3000 mg. divide by 12. That is: 3000 mg / 12 = 250 mg.

This means that 1 teaspoon of the prepared solution is 250 mg.

Example: 4

100 mg. The active substance is contained in 5 ml.

In 1 ml. contains: 100 divided by 5 = 20 mg. active substance.

You need 150 mg.

Divide 150 mg by 20 mg - you get 7.5 ml.

DROPS

1 ml. aqueous solution– 20 drops

1 ml. alcohol solution– 40 drops

1 ml. alcohol-ether solution – 60 drops

STANDARD DILUTION OF ANTIBIOTICS FOR INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION

1 mg = 1000 mcg;

1 mcg = 1/1000 mg;

1000 mg = 1 g;

500 mg = 0.5 g;

100 mg = 0.1 g;

1% corresponds to 10 g/l and 10 mg/ml;

2% 20 g/l or 20 mg/ml;

1:1000 = 1 g/1,000 ml = 1 mg/ml;

1:10,000 = 1 g/10,000 ml = 0.1 mg/ml or 100 µg/ml;

1:1,000,000 = 1 g/1,000,000 ml = 1 μg/ml

If a solvent is not provided in the package, then when diluting the antibiotic by 0.1 g (100,000 units) of powder, take 0.5 ml. solution.

Thus, for breeding:

0.2 g. 1 ml needed. solvent;

0.5 g. You need 2.5-3 ml. solvent;

1 g. need 5 ml. solvent;

Example: 1

The bottle contains 0.5 g of dry medicine. How much solvent do you need to take in 0.5 ml? the solution contained 0.1 g of dry matter.

When diluting the antibiotic by 0.1 g of dry powder, take 0.5 ml. solvent, therefore:

0.1 g of dry matter – 0.5 ml. solvent

0.5 g of dry matter - X ml. solvent

Answer: in 0.5 ml. the solution was 0.1 g of dry matter, you need to take 2.5 ml. solvent.

Example: 2

The bottle contains 1,000,000 units of dry medicine. How much solvent do you need to take in 0.5 ml? the solution contained 100,000 units of dry matter.

100,000 units of dry matter – 0.5 ml. dry matter

1,000,000 units – X ml. solvent

Answer: so that 0.5 ml of solution contains 100,000 units. dry matter you need to take 5 ml. solvent.

Example: 3

The bottle contains 0.25 g of dry medicine. How much solvent do you need to take in 1 ml? the solution contained 0.1 g of dry matter.

1 ml. solution – 0.1 g.

X ml. - 0.25 g.

Answer: in 1 ml. The solution was 0.1 g. You need to take 2.5 ml of dry matter. solvent.

Example: 4

The patient needs to administer 400,000 units. penicillin. Bottle of 1,000,000 units. Dilute 1:1.

How many ml. solution must be taken.

When diluted 1:1 in 1 ml. the solution contains 100,000 units. 1 bottle of penicillin, 1,000,000 units. dilute 10 ml. solution.

If the patient needs to administer 400,000 units, then 4 ml should be taken. the resulting solution.

Attention! Before using medications, you should consult your doctor. The information is provided for informational purposes only.

IU g mg μg

G mg μg

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In field Group of substances select a group of substances.
In field Substance select a substance from the previously selected group.
In field Quantity enter the initial amount of the substance (the active ingredient of the drug).
In field From select the original units of measurement.
In field IN indicate the units of measurement into which the conversion will be made.
In field Decimal places specify the precision (or number of decimal places) for the recalculation result.
Click the button Convert. The results will be displayed below the button.

If you entered, for example, 1000000, and the result turned out to be 0.00, then simply increase the precision, for example, to 6-7 decimal places or switch to smaller units of measurement. Some substances have very small conversion factors in one direction, so the resulting values are also very small. For convenience, the unrounded result is also displayed under the rounded result.

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Brief information about units of measurement "International unit"

International unit (IU)- in pharmacology, a unit of measurement of the amount of a substance based on biological activity. Used for vitamins, hormones, some drugs, vaccines, blood components and similar biologically active substances. Despite its name, ME is not part of international system SI measurements.

The exact definition of a single IU varies for various substances and installed international agreement. Biological Standardization Committee at World Organization health care provides reference stocks of certain substances, (arbitrarily) establishes the number of IU units contained in them, and defines biological procedures for comparing other products with reference standards. The purpose of such procedures is to ensure that different preparations having the same biological activity contain equal amount IU units.

For some substances, mass equivalents of one IU were eventually established, and measurement in these units was officially abandoned. However, the IU unit may still remain in widespread use because of convenience. For example, vitamin E exists in eight various forms, distinguished by their biological activity. Instead of accurately indicating the type and mass of the vitamin in the preparation, sometimes it is convenient to simply indicate its quantity in IU.
Wikipedia

International unit (IU)— internationally agreed standards necessary to compare the contents of different subjects biological compounds based on their activity.

If cleaning is not possible chemical methods the substance is analyzed by biological methods, and a stable standard solution is used for comparison. Serum standards are stored in State Institute whey (Copenhagen, Denmark), in National Institute medical research(Mill Hill, UK) and at the World Health Organization (WHO) (Geneva, Switzerland).

International unit established in the form of a certain amount of standard solution (for example, one IU of tetanus antitoxin = 0.1547 mg of standard solution, which is stored in Copenhagen).
Pharmacology And Pharmacotherapeutics (New Revised 21 St Ed.)

New in version 3.3.3

Sodium colistimethate was added to convert to colistin base. Recalculation may be necessary when inhalation use colistimethate sodium. The conversion works either in the direction of [IU colistimethate sodium in mg/g colistin base] or in the direction of [mg/g colistin base in IU colistimethate sodium] // 03.03.2018
Fixed some errors in processing the entered amount, for example 0.9 mg. // 24.05.2017
New insulins have been added according to the European Pharmacopoeia (they are used in most insulin preparations from European manufacturers). // 09.05.2017
Added the ability to enter quantities in the "100,000" format (with spaces as digit separators). // 09.05.2017
All substances and their conversion factors have been revised, and a link to an authoritative source for each substance has been added.
Controversial substances for which data could not be confirmed have been removed.
Substances are divided into groups.
The names of some substances have been corrected.
Added synonyms for some substances.
Added output of unrounded result so that it is clear that the obtained value is too small and it is necessary to change the units of measurement to smaller ones (for example, from grams (g) to milligrams (mg)).
Converter adapted for mobile devices.

Folic acid(vitamin B 9) provides the necessary speed of growth and development of the unborn child, especially at early stages pregnancy. Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy significantly increases the risk of developing birth defects, in particular neural tube defects (for example, spina bifida), hydrocephalus, anencephaly, as well as malnutrition and prematurity.

Who is deficient in folic acid?

Every second woman has folic acid deficiency. Their share is even higher among women taking hormonal drugs and alcohol.

Folic acid before pregnancy: when is B9 most needed?

The body of a pregnant woman needs folic acid most in the first month after conception, that is, up to 2 weeks of delay, since the neural tube is formed on days 16-28 after conception, when future mom sometimes she doesn’t even suspect that she is pregnant.

How to prevent folic acid deficiency during pregnancy?

Even before conception (three to six months before it), as well as throughout pregnancy, to prevent developmental disorders in the embryo, a woman should take at least 800 mcg (0.8 mg) of folic acid daily.

Who needs to take folic acid?

Folic acid is prescribed to all pregnant women, regardless of the nature of their diet. If a woman has already given birth to a child with such a defect in the past or there have been cases in her family similar diseases- the dosage of the vitamin must be increased to 4 mg per day. Developmental defects such as cleft lip and cleft palate can also be a consequence of vitamin B 9 deficiency in pregnant women.

Is it possible to have too much folic acid?

If dose taken significantly exceeds daily requirement in folic acid, the kidneys begin to excrete it unchanged. 5 mg of folic acid taken orally is excreted from the body after 5 hours.

How much folic acid to take during pregnancy? Norm of folic acid when planning pregnancy

Limiting the prophylactic dose of folic acid to 400 mcg outside pregnancy and 800 mcg before and during pregnancy is due to the fact that in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency (this is a completely different vitamin!), excess folic acid can cause irreversible damage nervous system, since the use of folic acid in large doses (5 mg/day) prevents diagnosis pernicious anemia(i.e. vitamin B12 deficiency) due to the fact that folic acid may reduce the neurological manifestations of this condition. Thus, folic acid is not the cause of pernicious anemia, but interferes with timely diagnosis.

What dose of folic acid should I take before and during pregnancy?

Not less than 0.8 mg - this dose is not questioned in any country in the world. Moreover, modern research They say that the preventive effect of congenital malformations is enhanced when taking large doses of folic acid - 3-4 mg per day. This is the dose of folic acid that should be taken by pregnant women who do not have the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency, that is, by those who also take “pregnant” multivitamins. So, look at how much folic acid is in your multivitamins and increase the dose to 3-4 mg, evenly distributing the intake of folic acid along with meals throughout the day.

How much is it in tablets?

Folic acid is usually sold in a dosage of 1 mg = 1000 mcg. That is, the minimum dose is 800 mcg - slightly less than one tablet. But, given that many doctors recommend taking 3-4 mg when planning, it’s definitely not worth breaking off a small piece :)

Should men take folic acid?

Since folic acid plays a huge role in cell development, folic acid deficiency in men can reduce the number of healthy sperm. Therefore, several months before conception (at least three), a man should start taking folic acid in a dose no less than prophylactic - 0.4 mg.

Folic acid is produced in tablet forms. Tablets may contain 1 and 5 mg of acid. Tablets for pregnant women with FC are produced with a dosage of 1 mg or 400 mcg. The dosage of 400 mcg is Folic acid for 9 months. It is specially designed for pregnant women. One tablet of folic acid (1 mg) contains 1 mg of the substance. 1/2 tablet at a dose of 1 mg contains 500 mcg.

Folic acid is involved in the formation of blood cells. Against the background of normal FA concentration, it is maintained normal amount erythrocytes, hemoglobin. With insufficient amounts of a microelement, megaloblastic anemia is formed. This disease is accompanied by the formation of underdeveloped red blood cells. Blood cells cannot fully carry oxygen. Against the background of a lack of FA and a deficiency of vitamin B12, B12-deficiency anemia appears. Iron deficiency anemia may also occur.

Folic acid improves the condition of the intestinal mucosa, improves digestive function. This is especially important for children in the neonatal period. In newborns, the intestines are just beginning to work, so a sufficient amount of folic acid is very important.

Folic acid is involved in the formation of cellular structures, DNA and RNA molecules. This property of the drug allows you to accelerate or maintain normal development placental tissue during gestation, as well as fetal growth in utero. For a child from birth, folic acid also ensures the constant cell division necessary for growth.

A normal amount of microelement helps prevent the formation oncological pathologies. FA deficiency increases risk oncological diseases. According to the instructions, excessive intake pharmaceutical drug FC can provoke the growth of tumor tissue.

Indications and restrictions for use:

You need to take the vitamin at the prescribed dose once a day. The course of therapy is 30 days or more. The microelement is taken after meals.

Folic acid standards

During pregnancy, a woman needs 400 mcg of FA in tablets per day. Together with food, the dose will be 800 mcg of folic acid. A healthy adult needs only 200 mcg of folic acid. When planning a child, men need 400-800 mcg, depending on their health.

Dosages in children:

How much mcg is contained in 1 mg of FA

More often, tablets with a dosage of 1 mg (milligram) are used. 1 mg is 1000 mcg of folic acid. To obtain a dosage of 500 mcg, you need to divide the tablet in half.

Pregnant women are often prescribed 400 mcg. A dosage of 400 mcg of folic acid is slightly less than half a tablet. It is permissible for a woman to take half the tablet form during pregnancy. If there are threats of termination of pregnancy or premature birth Gynecologists even prescribe 2-3 FC tablets. There is no overdose of the drug.

When planning a child, men are also advised to take a dosage of 400 mcg - this is 0.4 mg FA. The dosage is not very convenient to take, so it is permissible to take 500 mcg (half a tablet).

For children, it is inconvenient to divide the tablet, since the dosages are very small. To do this, the 1 mg tablet form is divided into 4 parts. One part is diluted in 25 ml of water. If the dose is 25 mcg, then you need to take 1 ml of solution. If necessary, give the child 50 mcg, take 5 ml of solution. If a child needs a dose of 75 mcg, take 7.5 ml. A new solution must be made each time you take the medicine. Used - throw away.

Children can be given a complex of vitamins. The dosages there are selected according to age. Children are often prescribed Alphabet, Supradin, Complivit. Complexes are much more convenient. They have not only FA, but also other vitamins.

Conclusion

Folic acid is used in gynecology, urology, obstetrics, pediatrics, and neurology. It is indicated for use in cases of FA deficiency, pregnancy, or planning a child (half a tablet - 500 mcg). In children, the drug is indicated for autism, delay in general and speech development, anemia. Before using FC, you should consult a doctor to clarify the dosage and contraindications.

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