What type of connection should I specify when setting up my router? Let's find out the necessary information that will be useful during the setup process. How to determine my internet connection type

08.09.2016

Wireless Internet is connected in cases where a wired connection is either unavailable or does not provide adequate quality, such as ADSL, or is prohibitively expensive (tariffs or wire laying). So, we will look at the 5 main types of wireless Internet, their features, pros and cons.

1. Wi-Fi bridge

A popular option for a wireless connection is to organize a Wi-Fi bridge between the connection object and the Internet source (emitter), which in turn is connected to the network by wire. It is worth noting here that an important feature is the organization of the source, i.e. installation of equipment that will broadcast a Wi-Fi signal. If, in principle, everything is clear with the receiving side, then problems may arise with the transmitting side. As a rule, Wi-Fi transmitting equipment is installed in high-rise buildings at the maximum height to avoid possible interference in Wi-Fi signal transmission. Such an object still needs to be found, negotiated with the owners, with the HOA, with the management company, etc., and, if necessary, coordinate the installation of the emitter with other organizations (firefighters, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, TV crews, electric companies, etc.). Next, it is necessary to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the equipment, as well as adequate protection against theft and burglary. In addition, an important condition is the choice of a private Wi-Fi range for organizing the channel. The standard 2.4 GHz band, especially in high-rise buildings, is heavily loaded, which leads to noise on the airwaves and, accordingly, a decrease in signal quality and Internet speed. The use of the 5 GHz band is regulated by the State Radio Frequency Commission (GRKCH), accordingly you need to obtain permission and register the receiving and transmitting equipment. There are also specific Wi-Fi bands such as 3 GHz, 6 GHz, however, difficulties can arise in them too. First of all, with equipment, because... It is not always possible to find receivers, transmitters, antennas and other equipment for specific bands. In addition, you need to understand that the higher the frequency, the worse the signal permeability and, accordingly, the range of the system. Thus, if all organizational problems are solved, as well as the availability of an initial wired channel, when organizing a Wi-Fi bridge, you can get a fairly high Internet speed at the site. The distance from the transmitting to the receiving device can reach 10-15 km (in case of line of sight).
➕ High speed (up to 300 Mbps)
➕ Stability (the connection does not depend on other users, since the channel is exclusive)
➕ Low subscription fee (similar to tariffs for wired Internet, since in fact this is what it is from the point of view of the provider)
➖ High price for installing equipment (30-80 thousand rubles)
➖ Difficulties in organizing a channel
➖ In case of non-compliance with the requirements of the SCRF, large fines with dismantling of equipment are possible
➖ Limited use (only in cities, because you need a source of wired Internet and high-rise buildings to install transmission equipment)

Satellite Internet, as well as satellite television and satellite communications, have been used for quite a long time. The main and, in fact, the only advantage is accessibility and independence from location. Satellite Internet can be installed in the mountains, on an island, in a forest, in a village. At the same time, modern equipment is also quite easy to set up, approximately similar to satellite television. However, there are also significant drawbacks.
➕ Availability (satellite Internet can be installed almost everywhere)
➕ Independence (except perhaps only from weather conditions)
➖ High cost of equipment (40-50 thousand rubles)
➖ Low speed (average 6-8 Mbit/s)
➖ Absence of completely unlimited tariffs
➖ High subscription fee (up to 15 thousand rubles per month)

3. Radio channel

Internet radio is essentially similar to a Wi-Fi bridge, but the carrier channel does not use the widespread IEEE 802.11 standard, but some alternative or specific one. In principle, any data can be transmitted over a radio channel, including the Internet. WiMAX, AirMAX and others are often used.
➕ High degree of security
➕ Potentially high speed, but depends on implementation by specific provider
➕ Low cost of equipment due to ready-made kits from providers
➖ High subscription fee
➖ Extremely low coverage area
➖ Equipment specifics

4. Wireless optical communication channel (BOX)

Internet transmission over an optical wireless channel (not to be confused with optical fiber) is similar to a laser beam. There is a beam transmitter and there is a beam receiver, they must be in line of sight without interference. Data transfer speeds can reach 10 Gbit/s. However, in practical implementation, such technology is extremely rare when connecting end objects. This is primarily due to the high cost of equipment and the complexity of channel implementation.
➕ 100% channel security
➕ High speed up to 10 Gbps
➕ Connection stability
➖ Extremely high cost of equipment (100-150 thousand rubles)
➖ To organize Internet access, an initial wired channel is required
➖ The need for line of sight and absence of interference between the transmitter and receiver

5. 3G/4G Internet (public networks)

By far the most popular and sought-after method of wireless connection to the Internet is the use of 3G and 4G LTE networks of cellular operators. Such networks in our country are offered by both the Big Four operators (Megafon, Beeline, MTS, Tele2) and local operators such as Vainakh Telecom, FreshTel, etc. The undeniable advantage of this method of connecting to the Internet is the versatility of the equipment, due to which you can connect to the Internet almost everywhere, except for the most remote areas, mountains, far north, taiga, etc. However, there are few consumers in these areas. In densely populated areas, operators are actively developing 3G networks and even more actively 4G, because... It is this technology that promises many advantages, primarily high speed and connection stability.
➕ High availability (about 90%)
➕ High speed (up to 300 Mbit/s, on average about 20-30 Mbit/s)
➕ Unlimited Internet (for subscribers)
➕ Low cost and versatility of equipment
➕ Using different 3G/4G networks to connect
➖ Difficulty in self-installation and configuration of equipment

In our information age, it is difficult to find a person who has not used the Internet at least once in his life. The World Wide Web has embraced both large cities and the most remote settlements of our country. Previously, it was possible to connect to the network only using a regular landline telephone using a Dial-Up modem. Now the situation has changed dramatically. Let's look at what methods of connecting to the Internet exist, and talk in detail about the technical aspects of connecting to the World Wide Web.

Methods of connecting to the Internet

Having become the owner of a home computer, within a few days the user begins to think about the possibility of connecting to the World Wide Web. There are a lot of ways to do this. Let's look at the most common ones:

Below are the most popular and accessible methods of connecting to the Internet.

Available to everyone: Internet via ADSL modem

Connecting to the Internet via a Dial-Up modem has long been replaced by ADSL technology. Let's compare these two, until recently the most popular, connection types:

Mobility first: mobile phone and wireless modem

Laptop owners choose a mobile phone or wireless modem to connect to the World Wide Web:

1. GPRS. Packet data transfer is carried out using GSM communication standard. Technology Features:

• Speed ​​up to 171.2 Kbps.
• Payment for traffic (received and sent volume) is carried out for each megabyte used.
• Ability to use the Internet using both a laptop and a smartphone.

1. 3 G and 4G. High-speed network access technologies used in modern wireless modems:

• Speed: 3G up to 3.6 Mbit/s, 4G starts from 346 Mbit/s.
• The protection of data transmission interruptions carried out at high speed (railway transport, cars), which was the “Achilles heel” of 1G, has been worked out.
• The prospect is to achieve transmission speeds of up to 1Gb/s in the coming years.

Massive use and popularity: dedicated channel

Network access when using a dedicated channel, is by far the most widespread and popular. Let us name the main features of this method:

Ways to search for information on the Internet

Every day hundreds of gigabytes of new information appear on the Internet. To find the necessary data, there are search engines like . They are the ones who dig up hundreds of millions of pages around the clock, which in turn are located on tens of thousands of servers, and organize the information thematically. All major “search engines” allow you to search for data using the following criteria:

• Keywords. Keywords that characterize what you are looking for are entered into the search field.
• Photo. The photo is loaded in a special field, and the search engine returns the addresses of sites with similar images.
• Video. While on the video tab, the search engine will return media files with the entered data in their name.

In the search parameters, you can specify the expected date of publication of the desired material on the Internet, which will significantly improve the quality of the result obtained.

Now, knowing what methods of connecting to the Internet exist, you can weigh everything “ behind" And " against” and start looking for a provider of this service - a provider. In addition to technical characteristics, such as information transfer speed and connection stability, it is important to choose a solution that will be feasible from an economic point of view. Fortunately, in large cities, due to competition between Internet providers, the price for using the service is gradually becoming cheaper.

We are confident that the tips provided in our review will will help you make the right choice.

Video about connection methods and the Internet

In this video, IT technology engineer Artem Babakov will tell you what methods of connecting to the World Wide Web there can be in rural areas:

23. 05.2017

Blog of Dmitry Vassiyarov.

What are the different ways to connect to the Internet?

Hello.

Are you going to change your provider or get another access point to the World Wide Web? Then you should know what types of Internet there are, or rather, connections to it. Your choice will determine the speed and ease of operation, as well as the amount you will spend on connection and use.

The Internet has become such a familiar phenomenon for modern people that few people think about what types of it exist and how it was improved to the result that we have now. Interesting to know? Reading the article.

Wired connection

Let's start with the fact that you can connect to the global network using wires or without them. The first option, as a rule, involves higher connection speed and stability. But, as you understand, it is suitable if you are going to use the Internet permanently. This is true? For you, I will tell you about modern types of wired connections and what preceded them.

Dial-UP

One of the most connected to the Internet. Remember the times when users surfed the Internet, and because of this it was impossible for them to call a landline phone? They had a dial-up connection.

Physically, it looked like this: the subscriber had a modem, which, when connected to the Internet, dialed the pool number and connected to a device at the provider’s station.

The speed of such a connection was 56 kbit/s. Moreover, the tariff was determined not by the services provided, but by the time spent on the network.

It could even be half an hour.

xDSL (ADSL, VDSL, SHDSL)

The first broadband Internet. What does it mean? This type of connection is implemented via a fiber optic cable or modem, and is faster than its predecessor. Also, when the subscriber is surfing the Internet, he is also available by phone. This was made possible by separating frequencies for data and calls.

In the name of a family of technologies, the symbol “x” conventionally denotes the first letter of a particular subtype. DSL in English stands for Digital Subscriber Line, which means digital subscriber line. Types of connections differ in information encoding and data transfer speed. The highest performance is considered to be up to 24 Mb/s.

As you understand, this connection no longer meets modern needs, so it is practically not found now.

FTTx

This type of connection is the next stage in the development of a broadband network after xDSL. It works according to the following scheme: in an apartment building or near private houses, a switch is installed, connected to the provider’s station using a fiber optic cable; A twisted pair cable is supplied to the client’s home, which is inserted either directly into the computer or into the router.

The abbreviation FTTx represents a family of types of Internet. It stands for “fiber to the x”, which means optical fiber to point “x”. Instead of the last character, different letters can be specified:

• N (node) - network node.
• C/ K (curb/kerb) - means: to the block, microdistrict.
• DP (distribution point) - distribution point.
• P (premises) - generalized: before premises. The most common option includes 2 subtypes: B (building) - the cable reaches the boundary of the building (foundation, basement, technical floor), H (home) - directly to the apartment or house.
• D/S (desktop/subscriber) - the optical fiber is pulled into a media converter or terminal located near the subscriber’s desktop.

E/Z (telecom enclosure/zone) - connection from the server room to the workstation.

The FTTx family is popular these days because it offers good quality at an affordable price. Do you want to get high-speed Internet, television and telephone service in one package? Choose this option. If all 8 wires in the cable and good equipment are used, your connection speed will be approximately 1 Gbps.

Please note the alternative. Using optical fiber and twisted pair, a connection is made to the global network and through another technology - Ethernet, which also provides high-speed data transfer at high speed. By the way, subtypes of Ethernet have already been developed with rates of 2.5, 5, 10 Gbit/s and higher.

Another family of modern broadband connections. Depending on the connection method and Internet speed, other letters are written instead of “x”. The abbreviation contains the phrase “passive optical network”, which translates as “passive optical network”. In reality, it looks like a tree-like fiber cable architecture with passive branches at the nodes.

Simply put, one transceiver module is used for many subscribers. The cable is laid directly to the client’s home and connected to the media converter, terminal or SFP module of the switch. Consequently, all its resources are used by one person. Therefore, Internet failures due to network overload are excluded.

By connecting xPON, you will be able to use gigabit Internet and other Tripple Play services (cable TV and telephony).

Satellite Internet

This type of Internet is also becoming a thing of the past, because it requires high connection costs. Judge for yourself: the subscriber must have at least an expensive satellite dish and receiver, and also pay a lot to the provider for the provision of services. Although in return you get unlimited in tandem with digital television.

Satellite Internet can be organized in two ways:

• One-sided (asymmetrical). Data is received via satellite and transmitted either via 3G/4G or cable.
• Double-sided (symmetrical). Reception and transmission of information is carried out via a satellite channel.

Nowadays, you can consider the option of connecting via satellite if the Internet is required, for example, in a remote village or a house in the forest. That is, where it is not possible to carry out mobile communications and the reception is poor.

Wireless connection

With the regular release of new products among smartphones and tablets, wireless Internet has gained popularity. Compared to a fiber-optic wired connection, it eliminates being tied to one location, but is usually inferior in speed.

This type of Internet can be divided into two main categories: that provided by mobile operators and home or public Internet via a WiFi router.

Mobile connection

It all started with 2G (GSM) technology, which was developed for telephone conversations. When it was necessary to transfer data, an add-on for this channel appeared - GPRS: information is collected in packets and sent over unoccupied voice channels at a speed of 171 Kbps.

Very slow, right? The developers also understood this, as a result of which they came up with another add-on - EDGE, which allows you to exchange data at a maximum speed of 474 Kbps.

3G

User needs were constantly growing, and because of this, EDGE resources became insufficient. This is how a technology emerged that remains popular today. It provides speeds of up to 3.6 Mbps.

To connect, you need a modem that is inserted into the computer or distributes the Internet via . Many gadgets have a built-in 3G device. Services are provided, as a rule, by the same mobile operators.

This technology combines 5 data transmission standards, but the most widely used is CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access).

4G

An advanced technology that has not yet displaced the previous generation due to insufficient coverage points and high cost. In 4G, the data transfer speed is increased to 100 Mbit/s when moving with a gadget, and up to 1 Gbit/s for stationary subscribers.

This became possible due to the fact that communication is not divided into voice and Internet - only the latter is valid. In this case, there are also several standards: WiMax and LTE.

WiFi

Many people use this term every day, but few know what it actually means. The abbreviation is derived from the English phrase “wireless fidelity,” which translates as “wireless precision.”

But now “Wi-Fi” is used as a separate, independent concept.

Among wireless types of Internet, Wi-Fi is the highest speed (up to 100 Mbit/s). It is based on radio signals: they are sent by the provider, and you only need to have a receiver. It could be a router, a special module for a desktop computer, a smartphone, a tablet, etc.

That's all.

I wish you pleasant communication and fruitful work on the Internet, no matter which type of connection you choose.

And today we will look at devices with which we can access the Internet.

Methods for connecting to the Internet

First, let's look at the most common ways to connect to the Internet:

1. Local computer network or Ethernet(sometimes called fixed Internet access);

2. Via telephone line(ADSL and Dial-Up);

3. Mobile access(GPRS, EDGE, 3G);

4. Via cable TV(DOCSIS).

Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Conclusion

In this lesson we looked at the main devices for connecting to the Internet. I didn’t touch on satellite Internet and other, more exotic options, so as not to overload you with specific information (it’s a big lesson anyway).

If there are any unclear points or additional questions, write in the comments, we will try to figure it out.

Let me remind you about the opportunity to receive news about the latest IT lessons to myself by e-mail. To do this, follow this link and then confirm your subscription in the email you received.

Copying prohibited

Dial-up connection via modem. Today, the cheapest way to connect to the Internet is access to the provider’s computer via analog and analog-digital lines of telephone networks via a modem. The oldest dial-up method of connecting to the Internet has disadvantages: low speed and a busy line. The upper speed limit is 56 Kbps.

A dial-up connection via ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) allows you to transfer data at speeds of up to 9 Mbps in the forward direction and 1 Mbps in the reverse direction over regular telephone lines.

A dial-up connection via ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) allows you to connect to the Internet over networks in which the access line to providers can be completely digital. This allows you to transfer a digital signal from one computer to another without conversion. Due to this, information is transmitted at speeds of up to 384 Kbps.

Connection via dedicated lines. You get the opportunity to use the Internet 24 hours a day without paying for the services of the telephone company at a temporary tariff. In this case, a fiber-optic cable is laid to the user's premises. The speed and quality of transmission over the channel in this case is guaranteed.

Connection via frame relay. When the information load on lines is uneven, it is often more profitable to use a connection via frame relay networks (“variable structure”). The principle of operation of such networks is simple: the minimum guaranteed channel capacity is determined, and if necessary, the bandwidth is expanded to possible limits. Such “forced” transmission of information is allowed if the line is not busy with other users. The expediency of using such networks in a small office, where the likelihood of simultaneous access to the network by several services is low, is obvious. From a financial point of view, a frame relay network is quite profitable.

Connection via cable television networks. If this technology is implemented, we immediately get a TV, telephone and Internet. Transmission speeds enable high-quality Internet telephony, real-time video conferencing, and broadcasting television programs on the World Wide Web. Data transmission is carried out through an HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coaxial) cable - a combined opto-coaxial cable. In this case, the data transfer protocol will remain IP (Internet Protocol) or newer protocols.

Connection via radio modem. This method will allow you to get rid of the telephone company.

Is becoming widespread Connectionvia mobile communication devices.

Internet services

Internet services usually refer to the types of services that are provided by servers on the network. The following are the oldest services available since the birth of the network:

1. Usenet (newsgroups, newsgroups) is an outdated service that allows you to organize network discussions on certain topics.

2. FTP - file transfer service) allows you to transfer and receive files from FTP file servers connected to the Internet.

3. Telnet - a service for remote access to computers.

4. Electronic mail (e-mail) - message transmission service.

5. World Wide Web (WWW, Web, “World Wide Web”) - a service for searching and viewing hypertext documents, including graphics, sound and video.

Of the above services, the last two remain popular to date. Other services have been added to them. Currently, the most popular services can be arranged in the following order: Email. WWW (search engines, news sites, forums, blogs, social networks), IRC messaging services (chat rooms), Internet shops, electronic payment systems, Internet telephony. In addition, popular modern services include instant messaging services (ICQ, GoogleTalk, Skype), wikis, bulletin boards, Internet television, social networking services, virtual dating service, accurate time service, distributed computing, cloud computing, YouTube, etc.