Liquid drugs for alcoholism. All about medications for alcoholism

Special medications are used to treat various harmful habits. This category of medicines includes tablets for the treatment of alcoholism. Addiction to alcohol is a complex disease that is difficult to treat. To treat this disease, various drugs are used, available in the form of tablets, drops and solutions for intravenous administration.

Each of the drugs included in this group has its own unique distinctive properties. Conventionally, this series of medicines can be divided into three categories: drugs for coding, drugs that eliminate toxins and drugs that relieve hangover syndrome. Let's look at various drugs for the treatment of alcohol addiction and learn about their features.

Taking medications depends on the body’s tolerance, the stage of alcohol dependence, the presence of diseases and pathologies in the patient

The disease in question belongs to the category of chronic diseases and is a type of substance abuse. This disease can be characterized from a medical point of view as a physiological and mental dependence on the use of ethyl alcohol. The development of the disease leads to the fact that the alcoholic stops fighting his craving for alcohol, which sooner or later leads to various pathologies. There are many risk factors related to the development of this disease. Experts in the field of psychology say that poor heredity may be one of the reasons for predisposition to the disease. In addition, among the provoking factors, experts note:

• low social status;
• lack of will;
• frequent drinking;
• prolonged emotional stress and frequent stress;
• mental peculiarities and tendency to depression.

How to get rid of addiction

Most people suffering from alcohol addiction are unable to cope with their problem on their own. To get out of binge drinking, you should contact a specialized clinic, where experienced specialists will help you find a way out of the current situation. The key point of rehabilitation is based on psychotherapy, which allows patients to free themselves from the shackles of their own subconscious. In clinical settings, drugs are used whose action is aimed at blocking the development of alcoholic fermentopathy.

This disease is typical specifically for people who drink alcohol for a long period of time.

Ethyl alcohol, which is part of any alcohol, leads to changes in the level of enzymes in the blood, which becomes the main cause of destructive processes in the body.

There are two main methods of treating alcohol addiction, which are based on whether the patient recognizes his own addiction:

1. Aversive method. This method is most often used when the patient rejects the diagnosis. Obstruction to treatment and lack of correct perception of one’s own problem leads to the fact that the doctor has to use special means, the purpose of which is to develop a conditioned reflex of aversion to alcohol.
2. Psychological rehabilitation. This technique is used only when the patient understands the severity of his condition. Psychological rehabilitation helps eighty percent of patients get rid of their habits.

Treatment for alcohol dependence is divided into three distinct stages. Let's take a look at the basics of each of these stages:

1. Removing toxins. Detoxification allows not only to remove the patient from a state of binge drinking, but also to prevent the development of complications due to poisoning of the body by the breakdown products of ethyl alcohol. The average duration of this stage varies from fifteen to ninety days. At this stage of treatment, medications are used whose action is aimed at removing harmful toxins from the body.
2. Remission stage. This stage of rehabilitation is aimed at normalizing the functioning of internal systems and organs. At this stage of treatment, various drugs are used, the action of which is aimed at reducing the physical and psychological craving for alcohol. In addition, means are used to restore the functioning of internal organs. In addition to the listed remedies, physiotherapy, vitamin therapy and treatment with antidepressants are used. Among the medications that prevent the development of relapse, it is worth highlighting such drugs as Esperal and Disulfiram. In more complex situations, drugs are used to code the patient.
3. State stabilization stage. At the final stage of treatment, it is very important to consolidate the results obtained. Psychotherapy helps the patient successfully adapt to society.

Medicines for alcohol addiction

Medicines for alcohol dependence are divided into several types, and classified according to the principle of action on internal organs. A number of medications used can reduce the desire to drink alcohol, while other drugs contribute to the development of disgust.

In addition, there are a number of medications to combat the effects of acute toxin poisoning. There are also drugs that can be given to a patient without his knowledge. Each of the listed groups of pharmaceuticals has its own characteristic features in the form of indications for use and side effects.

Medicines in tablet form

In most cases, pills are used to treat alcohol addiction. This type of medication is divided into several groups that differ in their effects on the body. Because of this feature of the drugs, experts do not recommend using potent drugs for self-treatment. Let's look at each group of medications separately:

1. Promoting the development of aversion to alcohol. The principle of operation of these agents is based on blocking the oxidation of ethyl alcohol. Taking pills provokes the development of side effects, among which are panic attacks, attacks of nausea and vomiting, tremors and a general decrease in well-being. From this category of drugs, we should highlight such drugs as “Abstinil”, “Espenal”, “Stoptil”, “Radoter” and “Crotenal”.
2. Reducing the desire to drink alcohol. This category of drugs acts more gently on the body. Among this group of medications, tablets such as “Torpedo”, “Actoplex” and “Proproten-100” should be highlighted.
3. Blockers. The action of blockers is aimed at inhibiting the receptors responsible for the feeling of pleasure. Among the numerous drugs from this group, the drug “Vivitrol” should be highlighted, which has a minimal number of side effects.
4. Medicines that neutralize ethyl alcohol. This group of tablets includes medications that reduce the harmful effects of ethyl alcohol on the human body. This category of pharmaceutical products includes enterosorbents and various vitamin complexes.

Tablets used without the knowledge of the patient

The main difficulty in the fight against alcoholism is that many patients are not aware of the fact that they have an addiction. That is why many relatives of patients use various medications to add to food or drinks. This method of treatment is not recommended for use by many specialists due to possible catastrophic consequences for the patient’s body. In addition, narcologists talk about the low effectiveness of this method of therapy. It is very important that the alcoholic independently comes to the conclusion that treatment is necessary. Otherwise, all measures taken will have a temporary effect. From this category of medicines, we should highlight such drugs as “Kolme”, “Barrier”, “Disulfiram” and “Blocker”.

Tablets that promote the development of aversion to alcohol

This category of medicines includes anti-alcoholism pills, the action of which is aimed at the development of side effects after drinking alcohol. The use of these drugs makes it possible to develop in the alcoholic’s subconscious a strong association of drinking alcohol with worsening well-being. This group of pharmaceutical products includes such medications as Lidevin, Teturam, Desulfiram and Esperal.

Medicines available in the form of drops

Modern drugs for alcoholism are made in the form of drops, which are easier to use. They can be added to the patient's drinks and food. Many people often use this feature of the drops, giving them to patients without their knowledge. Among the drops used to treat addiction to alcohol, we should highlight such products as “Lavital”, “Proproten-100”, “Esperal”, “Stopetil” and “Kolme”.

It should be noted that the use of the above potent drugs without the knowledge of the patient can cause a significant deterioration in the patient’s well-being. The difficulty in using these drugs is characterized by problems with correct dosage calculation. Self-medication often leads to severe intoxication of the body and can cause death. Most patients, having experienced the effects of drugs, come to the conclusion that the alcohol was of poor quality and head to the store for a new portion. It is this situation that leads to disastrous consequences. In case of need for “secret” treatment, experts recommend using “Kolme”, due to its mild effect on internal organs.

Today, there is a wide range of medications used to treat alcohol addiction. Each group of this category of drugs contains several of the most effective medications. According to experts, those means whose action is aimed at reducing the cravings of addiction to alcohol help to achieve lasting results. This type of medicine has a milder effect on the body compared to those that cause various side effects. Narcologists recommend using potent drugs only if the patient refuses therapy and does not admit that he is an alcoholic.

"Acamprosat"

This drug belongs to the category of drugs whose action is aimed at reducing the craving for drinking alcohol. The drug contains a synthetic substance, the effect of which is similar to the amino acid contained in the brain. Once in the body, the active component of the drug acts on glutamate receptors, which are responsible for the craving for ethyl alcohol. This drug is made in the form of tablets for oral administration.

"Teturam"

An inexpensive and effective remedy for combating alcohol addiction, which has received good reviews not only from doctors, but also from patients. The operating principle of Teturam is based on the conversion of ethyl alcohol into a highly toxic substance that affects internal organs. Acute intoxication of the body leads to the development of nausea and vomiting, tachycardia and migraine attacks.

However, this tool also has characteristic disadvantages. First of all, this is high toxicity, which does not allow you to take the medicine yourself. In addition, the “therapeutic” effect is temporary and in the absence of medication the patient may return to drinking alcohol.

"Colme"

A foreign drug that is part of the group of aversive drugs. Using Colme allows you to develop a persistent aversion to drinking drinks containing ethyl alcohol. This feature allows the medicine to be used not only to treat the disease, but also to prevent the development of relapse.

The active ingredient in this product is cyanamide, which is odorless, tasteless and colorless. Due to this, this medication can be used in small quantities for mixing into the patient’s drinks and food. It is important to pay attention to the fact that drinking large amounts of alcohol in combination with Colme can lead to catastrophic consequences for the patient’s condition.

Drugs for the treatment of alcoholism are produced by pharmaceutical companies in various forms: tablets, ampoules, gels, etc. But the most common form of such drugs are drops. Often, relatives do not know how to save a loved one from drunkenness - many do not recognize the addiction and refuse to go to the clinic. Home treatment remains the only remedy. Anti-alcoholism drops can be used secretly from the patient by adding them to drinks. Before starting such treatment, you should consult your doctor, as many drugs have contraindications.

Drops are a liquid solution poured into glass containers for oral administration. As a rule, it is colorless and often has no aroma, which is very convenient for use in secret from the patient. Some products have a pungent odor, which the manufacturer warns about in the instructions.

Drops for alcohol addiction can be divided into two main groups: those that cause intolerance to ethyl alcohol and those that reduce the desire for strong drinks. Their mechanism of action is different.

The funds of the first group show good results. People who use them often give up alcohol altogether. Therefore they are considered effective. Basically, they are used to treat patients with severe forms of the disease (at stages 2-3).

The effect of drugs in the second group is milder and more gentle on the body. Therefore, it is preferable to use them in anti-alcohol therapy. As a result, they have a more long-term effect than the products from the first group. In the West, these funds are widespread, much more than in our country.

Drugs that reduce cravings for alcohol show lasting results in cases where the patient himself strives to eliminate addiction. Doctors recognize that this factor plays an important role in the treatment of chronic drunkenness.

Composition, action

Drops for anti-alcohol therapy are either chemical or based on natural ingredients. The former contain substances such as cyanamide, disulfiram and their analogues. The latter consist of natural elements, such as extracts of herbs, Coprinus mushroom, succinic acid, etc. Additional elements may include:

• distilled water;
• vitamins;
• minerals;
• acetic acid;
• bioflavonoids;
• other excipients.

Anti-drinking drops affect the body in different ways. After taking drugs that cause aversion to alcohol, the patient begins to experience severe nausea and vomiting. Additional symptoms may include headaches, dizziness, weakness, etc. As a result, a person, suffering from constant ailments, stops drinking.

The disadvantage of these drugs is that if the medication is discontinued, a person may return to alcohol again. Therefore, doctors consider the psychological impact on a person to be an important factor in anti-alcohol therapy. Relatives should point out to the patient the need to return to normal life and become healthy. When giving up alcohol, you need to support the patient in every possible way so that the relapse does not recur later.

Medicines that reduce cravings for alcohol have a gentle effect on the body. A person does not feel discomfort when taking them. Many of these drops are classified as dietary supplements. Because of this, such drugs are not considered by experts as highly effective and are recommended as additional measures.

In fact, these are also effective means, since they gradually wean the drunkard’s body off ethanol. Drugs that reduce the need for alcoholic beverages have a cumulative effect. As a result of treatment, a person feels that he no longer wants to drink alcohol and considers this his own decision.

Principle of operation

To understand how drops for alcoholism affect the patient’s condition, let’s consider the mechanism of action in more detail. In the treatment of addiction, aversive therapy is widespread. The method is to make a person get unpleasant sensations from a bad habit. This method is also used in drug treatment.

As a result of treatment, associations are fixed in the mind, which the brain perceives as negative. In the future, the patient will try to prevent any actions that cause undesirable consequences. This happens automatically, on a subconscious level.

The principle of operation of disulfiram is based on this method. When ethanol enters the body, it is processed by the liver into acetaldehyde. It is converted into acetic acid, which, under the action of special enzymes, breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. These substances, which are not dangerous to humans, are freely removed from the system. These are normal reactions in a healthy body.

Disulfiram and its analogues block the enzyme that breaks down acetate. Due to this, acetic acid does not disintegrate, but accumulates in the blood of an alcoholic, causing severe poisoning. He begins to vomit, have an upset stomach, and feel dizzy.

When such symptoms are repeated repeatedly, an association is formed in the brain linking the use of vodka with serious consequences. A person who regularly suffers from deteriorating health stops drinking. The same method is used during coding, when an ampoule with a chemical substance is sewn into the patient’s body.

The action of gentle medicines is based on another principle - homeopathy. They may contain vitamins and minerals that are lacking in an alcoholic's body. Ethanol destroys valuable substances necessary for the system to function. Therefore, heavy drinkers experience exhaustion and vitamin deficiency.

With the help of drops on plant components, the substances needed by the body are replenished. The patient feels much better, his depression goes away, and the craving for alcohol decreases.

New developments are drugs that act on opioid receptors. The active elements of such drugs block the part of the brain that is responsible for receiving pleasure while drinking alcohol. As a result, a person’s addiction disappears and stress decreases.

Indications for use

Anti-alcohol drugs in drops can be taken at all stages of the disease. They give the best effect at the stage when the addiction has not yet developed strongly. Before starting treatment, you should consult your doctor. He will help you choose a remedy and prescribe a dosage regimen.

• alcohol addiction therapy;
• preventive measures to prevent exacerbation;
• making it easier to get out of a drunken state.

Drugs that reduce cravings for alcohol can be used as adjuvant therapy in combination with basic medications. Products containing herbal ingredients, as a rule, combine well with other categories of medications.

Contraindications

Uncontrolled use of anti-alcohol drugs is prohibited. Most medications cannot be used if you have certain diseases.

Even homeopathic remedies based on herbal components have contraindications. If used thoughtlessly, it can cause harm to the patient.

The list of diseases for which you cannot take certain drops can be found in the instructions for them. It may vary depending on the components. However, there is a list of pathologies common to all anti-drinking remedies:

• diabetes;
• bronchial asthma;
• cerebral vascular lesions;
• second and third stages of tuberculosis;

• peptic ulcers of the stomach and intestines;
• severe mental disorders;
• intolerance to any component of the drug.

How to use

Most people want to wean their loved ones from drinking as quickly as possible, so they are interested in which drug is the strongest and how much it needs to be taken to recover. It has been proven that the effectiveness of therapy largely depends on the patient’s desire to get rid of the bad habit.

Many alcoholics do not realize that they are sick, which is why their families have to provide treatment without their knowledge. It is necessary to choose a solution that is tasteless and odorless so that it can be easily added to food or drinks. The dosage is indicated in the instructions, usually a few drops.

When the patient starts eating, after a while he will feel ill (vomit, etc.). This is a normal reaction to such drugs. Drops should be given daily without stopping treatment. Otherwise, the patient will not stop drinking strong alcohol. The course can take up to three months.

There are compounds that cannot be added to vodka, as they cause severe poisoning. The manufacturer separately indicates compatibility with ethanol in the instructions.

Tools Overview

The pharmaceutical industry has a variety of anti-alcohol drugs that can be purchased inexpensively at the pharmacy. The most popular are the following drops against chronic alcoholism:

• Colma;
• Lavital;
• Coprinol;
• Stopetyl;
• Proprothene-100;
• Alcobarrier.

Colma

These drops for binge alcoholics are very popular, as they are considered one of the most powerful drugs against drunkenness. The main active ingredient is cyanamide. It inhibits the breakdown of ethanol in the liver, causing intoxication. A few drops of the drug are enough to make an alcoholic feel sick and start vomiting.

Cyanamide acts much faster than disulfiram. Symptoms appear within 45 minutes after taking the medicine. In addition to nausea and vomiting, the patient experiences:

• strong rush of blood to the face;
• heaviness in the sternum;
• excessive sweating;
• partial loss of vision.

The patient also experiences panic and increased anxiety. The duration of symptoms is reduced compared to disulfiram-based drugs. Here the withdrawal period is 10-12 hours. When using Colme, the risk of deep fainting in the patient is reduced to almost zero, which is a plus.

The severity of symptoms depends on the amount of alcohol consumed. With a small amount of ethanol in the blood, the addict experiences an upset stomach and headaches. It is recommended to use these drops to remove a person from long-term binge drinking and severe chronic alcoholism.

The product has no taste or smell, which makes treatment convenient without the patient’s knowledge. The solution is added 10-25 drops to food or drink twice a day. The duration of therapy is 90 days.

The price for a package of Colma can reach up to 4,500 rubles. One box contains 4 ampoules with a solution, 15 ml each. The set is equipped with a dispenser with a pipette. You can purchase one ampoule, which will cost about 1100-1200 rubles.

Coprinol

This product consists of natural ingredients, so it is often classified as a dietary supplement. It is actually very effective due to the presence of Coprinus mushroom extract. This is a natural substance that inhibits the breakdown of ethanol in the blood.

Mushroom extract is a strong allergen! Therefore, before giving the drug to an alcoholic, you should make sure that he is not allergic to coprinus.

After regularly taking the medicine, even chronic drunkards develop a stable aversion to alcohol. Many people then cannot even stand the smell of alcohol.

Coprinol contains:

• vitamin complex;
• minerals;
• coprinus extract;
• polyunsaturated acids;
• succinic acid.

The last element also creates ethanol intolerance, so it enhances the effect of Coprinus. An important property of the drops is their lack of color and odor. The medicine can be placed in any food or liquid. The product is quite expensive - its price is about 10,000 rubles.

Propropten-100

Drops are classified as drugs that reduce alcohol dependence. They are recommended to be used in combination with other medications. The active element is antibodies to the protein substance S-100. The drug affects pleasure receptors, which reduces the need for alcohol. Additionally, the drops improve well-being and eliminate depression.

The advantage is the almost complete absence of contraindications. The drug does not affect the functioning of the kidneys and liver. The downside is that the medicine has a distinct odor. Carrying out therapy without the knowledge of the patient, it is possible to disguise the drops only in food that emits a strong aroma.

The product is taken 10 ml twice a day. Treatment should be carried out for up to three months. This takes six full packs. The medicine is inexpensive - 250 rubles for one box.

Lavital

These drops also reduce the desire for alcohol. The product is a popular dietary supplement that is used as an adjuvant therapy. It is recommended in the following cases:

• drunkenness;
• treatment of chronic alcoholism in the first and second stages;
• prevention to prevent a return to drinking after treatment.

The drug helps well in removing a person from binge drinking, quickly relieving the symptoms of a hangover. The substances in its composition help eliminate toxins from the body. The patient's sleep stabilizes, normal appetite appears, and anxiety disappears. The medicine strengthens the immune system and improves well-being.

The drug contains plant extracts:

• pharmaceutical camomile;
• Melissa;
• dandelion;
• milk thistle;
• thyme;
• hawthorn;
• motherwort.

In addition, the drops contain a complex of vitamins necessary for the body. The product can be purchased at a pharmacy without a prescription. It does not cause side effects and has almost no contraindications. Take 25 ml drops, adding them to food. The cost of the drug is quite high - about 24,000. The price differs significantly in different regions.

A popular remedy for combating alcohol addiction. Has a natural composition. The effectiveness of treatment is achieved through correctly selected components that enhance each other’s effects. Coprinus, lovage, and thyme cause intolerance to ethyl alcohol in the patient. The remaining ingredients help restore the body:

• Angelica officinalis strengthens the nervous system;
• golden rhododendron has a beneficial effect on blood vessels;
• centaury has an anti-inflammatory effect;
• Beaver musk has powerful regenerating properties.

The product is added to the patient’s food, 10-20 drops. The course of therapy lasts up to 30 days. Alcoprost costs about 1000 rubles.

This remedy is a potent drug. Before you start using it, you should consult a narcologist.

Alcoholism is a serious disease that affects not only the drinker, but also all the people who live next to him. Often an alcoholic does not realize the full danger of his addiction and, not considering himself sick, deliberately refuses treatment and continues to cause a lot of problems for himself and his family. Although it is believed that the adult male population is more susceptible to drunkenness, women and children suffer from it too. There are many reasons that push people onto the dubious path of addiction to the green serpent. This could be dissatisfaction with life, constant stress, unrequited love, problems at work and much more. The genetic factor plays an important role in the spread of alcoholism.

Alcoholism: looking for a way out

The main symptom of alcoholism is a constant desire to drink.

An alcoholic finds any excuse to drink a glass of alcohol. Constant drunkenness leads to personality degradation, after which a person no longer cares what he looks like, what they think about him, or what he needs to do.

Do not forget that any of the drugs for alcoholism should be prescribed by a specialist narcologist. Treatment with prescribed medications should also be carried out under the direct supervision of a doctor. Only a doctor will be able to individually select a drug and explain all the nuances of taking it, and recommend other methods of treatment for alcohol dependence. However, you should not rely entirely on the magical effect of tablets, drops and injections, since not a single drug will help a person suffering from drunkenness if he himself does not want to stop drinking.

Thank you for your feedback

Comments

Megan92 () 2 weeks ago

Has anyone succeeded in ridding their husband of alcoholism? My drink never stops, I don’t know what to do anymore ((I was thinking about getting a divorce, but I don’t want to leave the child without a father, and I feel sorry for my husband, he’s a great person when he doesn’t drink

Daria () 2 weeks ago

I have already tried so many things, and only after reading this article, I was able to wean my husband off alcohol; now he doesn’t drink at all, even on holidays.

Megan92 () 13 days ago

Daria () 12 days ago

Megan92, that’s what I wrote in my first comment) I’ll duplicate it just in case - link to article.

Sonya 10 days ago

Isn't this a scam? Why do they sell on the Internet?

Yulek26 (Tver) 10 days ago

Sonya, what country do you live in? They sell it on the Internet because stores and pharmacies charge outrageous markups. In addition, payment is only after receipt, that is, they first looked, checked and only then paid. And now they sell everything on the Internet - from clothes to TVs and furniture.

Editor's response 10 days ago

Sonya, hello. This drug for the treatment of alcohol dependence is indeed not sold through pharmacy chains and retail stores in order to avoid inflated prices. Currently you can only order from official website. Be healthy!

Sonya 10 days ago

I apologize, I didn’t notice the information about cash on delivery at first. Then everything is fine if payment is made upon receipt.

Margo (Ulyanovsk) 8 days ago

Has anyone tried traditional methods to get rid of alcoholism? My father drinks, I can’t influence him in any way ((

Andrey () A week ago

I haven’t tried any folk remedies, my father-in-law still drinks and drinks

Chronic alcoholism is one of the diseases in which it is not the patient himself who wants recovery, but his relatives and those around him. To save a loved one from addiction, relatives are ready to give life-saving pills for alcohol addiction without the knowledge of the patient. Narcologists are convinced that drugs for alcoholism are effective only if the patient is aware of his illness and actively participates in the treatment process.

The lack of a complete understanding of the neurochemical mechanisms of the formation of alcohol dependence is the reason for the lack of special means that completely suppress this desire. The State Pharmacopoeia allows you to select for complex therapeutic effects a group of medications aimed at reducing cravings for alcoholic beverages and causing aversion to drinking alcohol in any form.

The first group of drugs aims to cause aversion to alcohol. There are 2 subgroups:

• drugs that can cause vomiting;
• inhibitors of enzymes involved in ethanol metabolism.

The second group sets the task of reducing cravings for alcoholic beverages.

The third group does not have a therapeutic effect in chronic alcoholism, but alleviates the course of hangover syndrome.

The fourth group is used for the treatment of mental disorders arising from prolonged alcoholism.

The fifth group reduces the pharmacological effect and metabolic disorders associated with ethanol intake.

The doctor prescribing treatment takes into account the stage of chronic alcoholism and the patient’s health status, the results of examination and laboratory tests. Treatment, as a rule, is complex and in addition to the narcologist, other specialists are involved in the process - a psychotherapist, hypnologist, cardiologist, gastroenterologist, neurologist and others.

Most alcohol addiction treatments are prescribed on an outpatient basis or at home.

As a rule, before starting treatment, the patient must endure a period of light - abstinence from alcohol for at least 12 - 24 hours.

Drugs that cause aversion to alcohol

In the last century, in the absence of a choice of drugs for the treatment of chronic alcoholism, the tactic of developing a conditioned reflex in the form of vomiting to drink alcohol was used. The methodology used was as follows. The patient received a subcutaneous injection of Apomorphine in a dose of up to 1 ml, after a few minutes he was asked to sniff ethanol. When nausea appeared, he was given 30-50 ml of ethanol to drink, after which vomiting occurred. This session was held in the hospital twice a day. After 25-30 sessions, the patient formed a negative conditioned reflex to ethanol. Currently, this injection for alcoholism is not used.

In the subgroup of enzyme inhibitors that ensure ethanol metabolism, the leading place is occupied by Disulfiram and its substitutes.

This subgroup contains such funds as:

• Torpedo;
• Tetlong -250;

The principle of action is that the active substance Disulfiram blocks the action of the enzyme acetaldehyde dehyrogenase. As a result, ethanol is not broken down into acetate (acetic acid), but remains in the form of the toxic compound acetaldehyde. It is with this that the serious condition after active libation is associated. Cell membranes are damaged, since acetaldehyde is an even more toxic substance to the body than alcohol itself. All organ systems suffer - digestive, cardiovascular, respiratory, but the nervous system and brain suffer the greatest damage.

Narcologists know that if, while taking medications containing Disulfiram, ethanol taken even in small quantities causes the so-called disulfiramethanol reaction. It manifests itself as a sharp deterioration in well-being, the appearance of a feeling of panic, and fear of death. The patient then experiences palpitations, shortness of breath, hand tremors, nausea, vomiting, and the attack is accompanied by a rush of blood to the face and neck.

The disadvantage of this group of drugs is a significant list of contraindications, most of which are characteristic of patients with chronic alcoholism. Among them:

• atherosclerosis and cardiosclerosis, history of stroke;
• asthma and tuberculosis;
• diabetes mellitus and thyrotoxicosis;
• optic and auditory neuritis, glaucoma;
• peptic ulcer, kidney and liver damage;
• aged patients after 60 years.

Adverse reactions most often occur in the form of polyneuritis, rarely hepatitis. Ascorbic acid reduces side effects.

During treatment, you should not drink alcohol because of the risk of developing a disulfiram-ethanol reaction.

There are not only pills for alcoholism. Coding was previously performed with the drug Torpedo, an injection was given intravenously for alcoholism, after which a dose of alcohol was given, followed by a negative reaction. At the same time, instructions were given to give up alcohol. Sometimes other drugs or placebos are used under the Torpedo brand.

Esperal - an injection is made into the muscle under the shoulder blade. The drug is administered in the form of a gel and lasts longer than six months. Before administering the drug, the patient signs an Agreement stating that he has been warned about the prohibition of alcohol.

Teturam is available in the form of tablets of 2 types:

• for internal administration by mouth;
• for subcutaneous or interfascial suturing.

Torpedo, Esperal, Teturam are used as drugs for coding against alcoholism.

Antabuse - the same disulfiram in a dose of 200 or 400 mg is contained in effervescent tablets.

Tetlong-250 are 1 ml ampoules containing 250 mg of disulfiram. An injection for alcoholism is given with the patient lying on his stomach, slowly, once a month, for a course of 10-12 injections. Only a medical professional has the right to perform an injection as prescribed and under the supervision of a narcologist. Before the injection, the patient signs a reasoned refusal to drink alcohol.

Lidevin - tablets for alcoholism with the same active ingredient, in a dosage of 500 mg. In addition, they contain vitamins B3 and B4 to support the nervous system during treatment.

The drug Kolme has a similar mechanism of action, but a difference in composition. It is based on cyanamide, which also blocks acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, increasing the level of acetaldehyde in the blood with all the ensuing consequences. The package contains ampoules and a dispenser-dropper for oral administration.

All these remedies can be used only as prescribed by a doctor when the patient decides to get rid of drunkenness. Giving medications for alcoholism based on cyanamide without the knowledge of the patient, by adding them to food or drink, is not only not recommended, but is strictly prohibited, since drinking alcohol during such “secret” therapy can cause fatal complications.

Coprinol is a dietary supplement based on the dung beetle plant containing disulfiram. There is no official registration, reviews are contradictory, clinical testing has not been provided.

Drugs that reduce cravings for alcoholic beverages

Among this group of drugs, the most famous are:

• Acamprosat;

Acamprosat, a drug known abroad, is not officially registered in Russia, but it can be purchased through foreign pharmacies at an expensive price, about 150 euros per package.

The base is calcium acetyl homoaurate. It restores the balance of chemicals and receptor sensitivity disturbed by ethanol. The effect of the drug has not yet been studied, but it has been established that its use in combination with psychotherapeutic effects reduces cravings for alcohol due to its neuroprotective effect and neutralization of free radicals. The medicine is combined with simultaneous use of antidepressants and Disulfiram analogues. You can start taking pills after detoxification therapy, after eliminating withdrawal symptoms and quitting binge drinking.

Acamprosate is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women, persons with severe kidney and liver diseases, withdrawal symptoms, hypersensitivity, and those over 65 years of age.

The course of treatment is about a year, the number of tablets taken depends on the weight, they are taken 3 times a day.

Side effects are possible from any organs and systems:

• Central nervous system (fatigue, headache, depression, hearing loss, fainting);
• respiratory (cough, asthma attacks, rhinitis, bronchitis);
• sexual dysfunction;
• digestive (nausea, vomiting, flatulence, dry mouth).

Drinking alcohol during treatment is prohibited.

Selincro is a new drug from a Danish company, approved for use in Russia, but not yet available in pharmacies. They are imported from abroad at a price of over 300 euros.

The basis of the drug is nalmephine, which blocks the activity of opioid receptors, which, when drinking alcohol, are actively involved in intensely produced opioids, resulting in increased dependence. Accumulating in the body, it gives the effect of the absence of euphoria from drinking alcohol and the craving for drinking weakens. At the same time, alcohol consumption is not prohibited during treatment; a person has the opportunity to control the dose of the strong drink he drinks. Moreover, it is permissible to take the drug on the days of supposed active libation.

Selincro is sold in tablets, ampoules for intramuscular and intravenous injections and suppositories. The course of treatment is prescribed by the doctor according to an individual scheme and lasts from 6 to 12 months. Already from the first doses, the dose of alcohol is halved; in the future, a mug of beer is enough for a person to satisfy the need for alcohol. Selincro treatment must be accompanied by psychotherapeutic influence on the patient to achieve the best effect.

The drug is not without contraindications and side effects similar to other anti-alcohol drugs.

An analogue of Selincro is Vivitrol, a powder based on naltrexone, from which a suspension is prepared for intramuscular administration. The injection is performed once a month. The cost of 1 injection of Vivitrol is in the range of 18,500-19,000 rubles. Side effects include suicidal tendencies.

Drugs that reduce hangover

This group of drugs does not have a therapeutic effect in chronic alcoholism; these are symptomatic drugs used to relieve hangover syndrome. These include:

• Metadoxine;
• Biotredin;
• Medichronal;
• Alka-Seltzer.

Proproten-100 supports the ability of special proteins to ensure the interaction of information and metabolic processes in the brain structures involved in the formation of alcohol dependence, and increases the brain’s resistance to hypoxia and toxic influences. The drug is available in drops, which are sold in pharmacies without a prescription.

For mild to moderate hangovers, it reduces psychopathological and somatovegetative phenomena such as anxiety, irritability, insomnia, mood swings, nausea, tachycardia, weakness, sweating. 10 drops the drug is dissolved in st. spoon of water and take every half hour for 2 hours, then reducing the dose. Except for pregnant and lactating women, it is not recommended for persons with idiosyncrasies.

Metadoxine increases the detoxification properties of the liver, accelerating the metabolism of ethanol to non-toxic products, reduces the time of hangover relief, and has an antidepressant and anxiolytic effect.

Metadoxine exists in tablets and ampoules. It should be used with caution in persons suffering from bronchial asthma, as well as in pregnant and lactating women. In case of severe withdrawal syndrome, it is administered intravenously.

Carbamizepine at a dose of 200 mg 3 times a day in combination with other drugs can treat withdrawal symptoms. The drug is an anticonvulsant. It is used as monotherapy for epilepsy. This is a prescription drug and has contraindications.

Biotrendin is a sublingual tablet of threonine and vitamin B6, which, when acted together, transforms into glycine and endogenous acetaldehyde, thereby achieving the effect of improving mood, relieving psycho-emotional stress, and reducing hangover syndrome. The action begins 10-20 minutes after administration.

Medichronal - packets of glucose and glycine granules, they are diluted in water or a non-carbonated drink. The drug has a detoxifying effect, increases brain performance, and reduces the load on the liver. Medichronal taken before drinking alcohol reduces the degree of intoxication.
The drug is not prescribed to patients with diabetes mellitus, arterial hypotension and idiosyncrasy to glycine.

Cannot be used simultaneously with drugs based on.

Analogue of Medichronal - . The tablets are placed under the tongue or behind the cheek until dissolved.
Alka-Seltzer effervescent tablets consist of acetylsalicylic acid, citric acid and soda. They help eliminate headaches after drinking alcohol.

It is impossible to treat alcoholism without the knowledge of the patient, but giving some drugs to get rid of a hangover is quite possible.

Drugs for the treatment of mental disorders after prolonged alcoholism

The arsenal of psychotropic, sedatives, tranquilizers, antidepressants, and anxiolytics is quite large.

Afabazole is intended to relieve the feeling of anxiety that is inherent in patients suffering from chronic alcoholism. Sleep improves, feelings of fear and tension decrease, tearfulness and anxiety decrease. It does not have a cumulative effect and is quickly eliminated from the body. When used together with Diazepam, mutually reinforcing sedative effects occur. When interacting with Carbamazepine, the anticonvulsant effect of the latter is enhanced.

Particular attention is paid to the treatment of alcoholic delirium. The drug of choice is Clomethiazole, which, unfortunately, is not registered in Russia. In our country, a group of benzodiazepines is used to treat delirium - Diazepam, Chlordiazepoxide, Midazolam. Their disadvantage is respiratory depression and an increased risk of aspiration.

In severe cases, combined injection of benzodiazepines and Haloperidol or Droperidol into a vein is used. Manipulations are carried out only in the PICU. Additional anticonvulsant therapy is carried out with hydantoin or barbiturates. successfully copes with convulsions in the initial stage of delirium, and is effective in relieving psychotic syndrome.

Sympathetic hyperactivity and increased blood pressure are also relieved by alpha-blockers.

It must be remembered that the development of alcoholic delirium can be fatal, so measures should be taken to hospitalize the patient as soon as possible in the intensive care unit.

Agents that reduce the strength of the pharmacological effect of ethanol

Before the intended feast, it is recommended to take olive oil and enterosorbents (Enterosgel, Polysorb). When consuming ethanol, it is advisable to use choleretic agents (Allochol), pancreatic enzymes (Mezim, Pancreatin, Festal), hepatoprotectors (Essentiale Forte), and agents that improve metabolism (, Thiamine). Eating and drinking plenty of fluids reduce the effect of ethanol.
In case of acute alcohol poisoning, infusion therapy is performed.

The information presented allows us to make sure that treating alcoholism is not a hopeless endeavor. It is important not to begin treatment for alcoholism without the knowledge of the patient, but to convince him to contact the Narcology Center, where specialist doctors will select a treatment regimen and prescribe complex therapy.

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