Orange colored antibiotic name. List of new generation broad-spectrum antibiotics and their use. Treatment of severe pneumonia in the PICU

Broad-spectrum antibiotics are the most popular medications today. They have earned such popularity due to their versatility and ability to combat several irritants at once that have a negative impact on human health.

Doctors do not recommend using such drugs without preliminary clinical studies and without the recommendations of doctors. Unregulated use of antibiotics can aggravate the situation and cause the emergence of new diseases, as well as have a negative impact on human immunity.

New generation antibiotics

Thanks to modern medical developments, the risk of using antibiotics has been practically reduced to zero. New antibiotics have an improved formula and principle of action, due to which their active components affect the pathogenic agent exclusively at the cellular level, without disturbing the beneficial microflora of the human body. And if previously such agents were used in the fight against a limited number of pathogenic agents, today they will be effective against a whole group of pathogens at once.

Antibiotics are divided into the following groups:

• tetracycline group - Tetracycline;
• group of aminoglycosides - Streptomycin;
• amphenicol antibiotics - Chloramphenicol;
• penicillin series of drugs - Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Bilmicin or Ticarcycline;
• antibiotics of the carbapenem group - Imipenem, Meropenem or Ertapenem.

The type of antibiotic is determined by the doctor after a thorough examination of the disease and research into all its causes. Treatment with the drug as prescribed by the doctor is effective and without complications.

Important: Even if previously using one or another antibiotic helped you, this does not mean that if similar or completely identical symptoms occur, you should take the same drug.

The best antibiotics for widespread use of the new generation

Tetracycline

Has the widest range of applications;

What does tetracycline help with:

for bronchitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, prostatitis, eczema and various infections of the gastrointestinal tract and soft tissues.

The most effective antibiotic for chronic and acute diseases;

Country of origin: Germany (Bayer company);

The drug has a very wide range of applications and is included by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in the list of essential medicines;

Has virtually no side effects.

Amoxicillin

The most harmless and universal drug;

It is used both for diseases with a characteristic increase in temperature and for other diseases;

Most effective for:

• infections of the respiratory tract and ENT organs (including sinusitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, otitis media);
• gastrointestinal infections;
• skin and soft tissue infections;
• genitourinary system infections;
• Lyme disease;
• dysentery;
• meningitis;
• salmonellosis;
• sepsis.

Country of origin: Great Britain;

What does it help with?

bronchitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, as well as various respiratory tract infections.

Amoxiclav

An effective drug with a very wide range of applications, practically harmless;

Main advantages:

• minimum contraindications and side effects;
• pleasant taste;
• performance;
• does not contain dyes.

A fast-acting drug with a very wide range of applications;

It is most effective in combating infections that affect the respiratory tract, such as tonsillitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia. It is also used in the fight against infectious diseases of the skin and soft tissues, genitourinary, and intestinal diseases.

Highly active against gram-negative microorganisms;

Country of origin: Russia;

It is most effective in the fight against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, mycoplasmas, legionella, salmonella, and sexually transmitted pathogens.

Avikaz

A fast-acting drug with virtually no side effects;

Country of origin: USA;

Most effective in treating diseases of the urinary tract and kidneys.

The device is distributed in ampoules (injections), one of the fastest-acting antibiotics;

The most effective drug in the treatment of:

• pyelonephritis and inf. urinary tract;
• infection pelvic diseases, endometritis, postoperative infections and septic abortions;
• bacterial lesions of the skin and soft tissues, including diabetic foot;
• pneumonia;
• septicemia;
• abdominal infections.

Doriprex

Synthetic antimicrobial drug with bactericidal activity;

Country of origin: Japan;

This drug is most effective in treating:

• nosocomial pneumonia;
• severe intra-abdominal infections;
• complicated inf. urinary system;
• pyelonephritis, with a complicated course and bacteremia.

Classification of antibiotics by spectrum of action and purposes of use

Modern classification of antibiotics by groups: table

The following are the types of antibiotics in this series and their classification in the table.

Antibiotics by duration of action:

Groups of antibiotics and names of the main drugs of the generation.

Antibiotics are substances that inhibit the growth of living cells or lead to their death. May be of natural or semi-synthetic origin. Used to treat infectious diseases caused by the growth of bacteria and harmful microorganisms.

Universal

Broad-spectrum antibiotics - list:

1. Penicillins.
2. Tetracyclines.
3. Erythromycin.
4. Quinolones.
5. Metronidazole.
6. Vancomycin.
7. Imipenem.
8. Aminoglycoside.
9. Levomycetin (chloramphenicol).
10. Neomycin.
11. Monomycin.
12. Rifamcin.
13. Cephalosporins.
14. Kanamycin.
15. Streptomycin.
16. Ampicillin.
17. Azithromycin.

These drugs are used in cases where it is impossible to accurately determine the causative agent of the infection. Their advantage is a large list of microorganisms that are sensitive to the active substance. But there is also a drawback: in addition to pathogenic bacteria, broad-spectrum antibiotics contribute to suppression of the immune system and disruption of normal intestinal microflora.

List of strong new generation antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action:

1. Cefaclor.
2. Cefamandole.
3. Unidox Solutab.
4. Cefuroxime.
5. Rulid.
6. Amoxiclav.
7. Cefroxitin.
8. Lincomycin.
9. Cefoperazone.
10. Ceftazidime.
11. Cefotaxime.
12. Latamoxef.
13. Cefixime.
14. Cefpodoxime.
15. Spiramycin.
16. Rovamycin.
17. Clarithromycin.
18. Roxithromycin.
19. Klacid.
20. Sumamed.
21. Fuzidin.
22. Avelox.
23. Moxifloxacin.
24. Ciprofloxacin.

Antibiotics of the new generation are notable for their deeper degree of purification of the active substance. Thanks to this, the drugs have much less toxicity compared to earlier analogues and cause less harm to the body as a whole.

Narrowly targeted:

Bronchitis

The list of antibiotics for cough and bronchitis usually does not differ from the list of broad-spectrum drugs. This is explained by the fact that the analysis of sputum takes about seven days, and until the causative agent of the infection is precisely identified, a product with the maximum number of bacteria sensitive to it is needed.

In addition, recent studies show that in many cases the use of antibiotics in the treatment of bronchitis is unjustified. The fact is that the prescription of such drugs is effective if the nature of the disease is bacterial. If the cause of bronchitis is a virus, antibiotics will not have any positive effect.

Commonly used antibiotic drugs for inflammatory processes in the bronchi:

1. Ampicillin.
2. Amoxicillin.
3. Azithromycin.
4. Cefuroxime.
5. Ceflocor.
6. Rovamycin.
7. Cefodox.
8. Lendatsin.
9. Ceftriaxone.
10. Macropen.

Angina

List of antibiotics for sore throat:

1. Penicillin.
2. Amoxicillin.
3. Amoxiclav.
4. Augmentin.
5. Ampiox.
6. Phenoxymethylpenicillin.
7. Oxacillin.
8. Cefradine.
9. Cephalexin.
10. Erythromycin.
11. Spiramycin.
12. Clarithromycin.
13. Azithromycin.
14. Roxithromycin.
15. Josamycin.
16. Tetracycline.
17. Doxycycline.
18. Lidaprim.
19. Biseptol.
20. Bioparox.
21. Inhalipt.
22. Grammidin.

The listed antibiotics are effective against sore throats caused by bacteria, most often bethemolytic streptococci. As for the disease caused by fungal microorganisms, the list is as follows:

1. Nystatin.
2. Levorin.
3. Ketoconazole.

Colds and flu (ARI, ARVI)

Antibiotics for the common cold are not included in the list of necessary medications, given the fairly high toxicity of antibiotics and possible side effects. Treatment with antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as restoratives, is recommended. In any case, it is necessary to consult a therapist.

Sinusitis

List of antibiotics for sinusitis - in tablets and for injections:

1. Zitrolide.
2. Macropen.
3. Ampicillin.
4. Amoxicillin.
5. Flemoxin solutab.
6. Augmentin.
7. Hiconcil.
8. Amoxil.
9. Gramox.
10. Cephalexin.
11. Digital
12. Sporidex.
13. Rovamycin.
14. Ampiox.
15. Cefotaxime.
16. Vertsef.
17. Cefazolin.
18. Ceftriaxone.
19. Duracef.

Antibiotics are substances that inhibit the growth of living cells or lead to their death. May be of natural or semi-synthetic origin. Used to treat infectious diseases caused by the growth of bacteria and harmful microorganisms.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics - list:

1. Penicillins.
2. Tetracyclines.
3. Erythromycin.
4. Quinolones.
5. Metronidazole.
6. Vancomycin.
7. Imipenem.
8. Aminoglycoside.
9. Levomycetin (chloramphenicol).
10. Neomycin.
11. Monomycin.
12. Rifamcin.
13. Cephalosporins.
14. Kanamycin.
15. Streptomycin.
16. Ampicillin.
17. Azithromycin.

These drugs are used in cases where it is impossible to accurately determine the causative agent of the infection. Their advantage is a large list of microorganisms that are sensitive to the active substance. But there is also a drawback: in addition to pathogenic bacteria, broad-spectrum antibiotics contribute to suppression of the immune system and disruption of normal intestinal microflora.

1. Cefaclor.
2. Cefamandole.
3. Unidox Solutab.
4. Cefuroxime.
5. Rulid.
6. Amoxiclav.
7. Cefroxitin.
8. Lincomycin.
9. Cefoperazone.
10. Ceftazidime.
11. Cefotaxime.
12. Latamoxef.
13. Cefixime.
14. Cefpodoxime.
15. Spiramycin.
16. Rovamycin.
17. Clarithromycin.
18. Roxithromycin.
19. Klacid.
20. Sumamed.
21. Fuzidin.
22. Avelox.
23. Moxifloxacin.
24. Ciprofloxacin.

Antibiotics of the new generation are notable for their deeper degree of purification of the active substance. Thanks to this, the drugs have much less toxicity compared to earlier analogues and cause less harm to the body as a whole.

The list of antibiotics for cough and bronchitis usually does not differ from the list of broad-spectrum drugs. This is explained by the fact that the analysis of sputum takes about seven days, and until the causative agent of the infection is precisely identified, a product with the maximum number of bacteria sensitive to it is needed.

In addition, recent studies show that in many cases the use of antibiotics in the treatment of bronchitis is unjustified. The fact is that the prescription of such drugs is effective if the nature of the disease is bacterial. If the cause of bronchitis is a virus, antibiotics will not have any positive effect.

Commonly used antibiotic drugs for inflammatory processes in the bronchi:

1. Ampicillin.
2. Amoxicillin.
3. Azithromycin.
4. Cefuroxime.
5. Ceflocor.
6. Rovamycin.
7. Cefodox.
8. Lendatsin.
9. Ceftriaxone.
10. Macropen.

List of antibiotics for sore throat:

1. Penicillin.
2. Amoxicillin.
3. Amoxiclav.
4. Augmentin.
5. Ampiox.
6. Phenoxymethylpenicillin.
7. Oxacillin.
8. Cefradine.
9. Cephalexin.
10. Erythromycin.
11. Spiramycin.
12. Clarithromycin.
13. Azithromycin.
14. Roxithromycin.
15. Josamycin.
16. Tetracycline.
17. Doxycycline.
18. Lidaprim.
19. Biseptol.
20. Bioparox.
21. Inhalipt.
22. Grammidin.

The listed antibiotics are effective against sore throats caused by bacteria, most often bethemolytic streptococci. As for the disease caused by fungal microorganisms, the list is as follows:

1. Nystatin.
2. Levorin.
3. Ketoconazole.

Antibiotics for the common cold are not included in the list of necessary medications, given the fairly high toxicity of antibiotics and possible side effects. Treatment with antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as restoratives, is recommended. In any case, it is necessary to consult a therapist.

List of antibiotics for sinusitis - in tablets and for injections:

1. Zitrolide.
2. Macropen.
3. Ampicillin.
4. Amoxicillin.
5. Flemoxin solutab.
6. Augmentin.
7. Hiconcil.
8. Amoxil.
9. Gramox.
10. Cephalexin.
11. Digital
12. Sporidex.
13. Rovamycin.
14. Ampiox.
15. Cefotaxime.
16. Vertsef.
17. Cefazolin.
18. Ceftriaxone.
19. Duracef.

Today even primary school children know what antibiotics are. However, the term “broad-spectrum antibiotics” sometimes confuses even adults and raises many questions. How wide is the spectrum? What antibiotics are these? And, yes, it seems that there are also narrow-spectrum drugs that may not help?

The most surprising thing is that even the all-knowing Internet often cannot help and dispel the fog of doubt. In this article we will try to slowly and methodically figure out what kind of broad-spectrum antibiotics they are, what bacteria they act on, as well as when, how and how many times a day they are used.

The diverse world of bacteria

And we will start from the very beginning - with microbes. Bacteria make up the majority of prokaryotes - single-celled living organisms without a clearly defined nucleus. It was bacteria that first populated the lonely Earth millions of years ago. They live everywhere: in soil, water, acidic hot springs and radioactive waste. Descriptions of about 10 thousand species of bacteria are known, but it is estimated that their number reaches a million.

And of course, bacteria live in the bodies of plants, animals and humans. Relationships between lower unicellular organisms and higher multicellular organisms can be different - both friendly, mutually beneficial for partners, and openly hostile.

A person cannot exist without “good”, correct bacteria that form the microflora. However, along with valuable bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, microbes that cause a wide variety of diseases enter our bodies.

The microflora also includes so-called opportunistic microorganisms. Under favorable conditions, they do no harm, but as soon as our immunity decreases, these yesterday’s friends turn into vicious enemies. In order to somehow understand the host of bacteria, doctors proposed classifying them.

Gram- and Gram+: deciphering the puzzle

The most famous division of microbes is very often mentioned in pharmacies, clinics, and in drug annotations. And just as often, the living average patient does not understand what we are actually talking about. Let's figure out together what these mysterious expressions gram+ and gram- mean, without which not a single description of the action of antibiotics is complete?

Back in 1885, the Dane Hans Gram decided to stain sections of lung tissue to make the bacteria more visible. The scientist found that the causative agent of typhus, Salmonella typhi, did not change color, while other microorganisms were exposed to the chemical.

The most famous classification today is based on the ability of bacteria to stain according to Gram. A group of bacteria that do not change color are called gram-negative. The second category is called gram-positive, that is, Gram-staining microorganisms.

Gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens: who is who?

Another, no less important classification of antibiotics breaks down drugs according to their spectrum of action and structure. Again, to understand the complex paragraphs of instructions explaining the spectrum of activity and belonging to a specific group, you need to get to know the microbes better.

Gram-positive bacteria include cocci, that is, spherical microorganisms, including numerous families of staphylococci and streptococci. In addition, clostridia, corynebacteria, listeria, and enterococci belong to this group. Gram-positive pathogens most often cause infectious diseases of the nasopharynx, respiratory tract, ear, as well as inflammatory processes of the eye.

Gram-negative bacteria are a not so numerous group of microorganisms that mainly cause intestinal infections, as well as diseases of the genitourinary tract. Much less commonly, gram-negative pathogens are responsible for respiratory tract pathologies. These include Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella (the causative agent of diphtheria), Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Legionella, Klebsiella, Proteus.

Among gram-negative microorganisms there are also causative agents of severe hospital infections. These microbes are difficult to treat - in hospital conditions they develop special resistance to most antibiotics. Therefore, special, often intramuscular or intravenous, broad-spectrum antibiotics are used to treat such infectious diseases.

Empirical therapy is based on this “separation” of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, which involves selecting an antibiotic without prior culture, that is, practically “by eye.” As practice shows, in the case of “standard” diseases, this approach to choosing a drug is completely justified. If the doctor has doubts about whether the pathogen belongs to one group or another, prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics will help “get the ball in the air.”

Broad spectrum antibiotics: the whole army is at gunpoint

So, we come to the most interesting part. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are a universal antibacterial medicine. Whatever the pathogen is the source of the disease, broad-spectrum antibacterial agents will have a bactericidal effect and defeat the microbe.

As a rule, broad-spectrum drugs are used when:

• treatment is prescribed empirically, that is, based on clinical symptoms. When selecting an antibiotic empirically, time and money are not wasted on identifying the pathogen. The microbe that caused the disease will forever remain unknown. This approach is appropriate in the case of common infections, as well as fast-acting dangerous diseases. For example, with purulent meningitis, death can be a foregone conclusion literally within a few hours if antibiotic therapy is not started immediately after the first signs of the disease;
• pathogens are resistant to narrow-spectrum antibiotics;
• a superinfection has been diagnosed, in which several types of bacteria are the culprits of the disease;
• prevention of infection after surgical interventions is carried out.

List of broad-spectrum antibiotics

Let's try to name by name those antibacterial drugs that have a wide spectrum of activity:

• antibiotics of the penicillin group: , Ampicillin, Ticarcycline;
• antibiotics of the tetracycline group: Tetracycline;
• fluoroquinolones: Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Ciprofloxacin;
• Aminoglycosides: Streptomycin;
• Amphenicols: Chloramphenicol (Levomycetin);
• Carbapenems: Imipenem, Meropenem, Ertapenem.

As you can see, the list of broad-spectrum antibiotics is not very large. And we will begin a detailed description of drugs with probably the most popular group - penicillin antibiotics.

Numerous diseases of the human body can be eliminated after using different groups of drugs, but antibiotics are considered the most effective and fastest-acting. But only the attending physician can prescribe such medications, since they involve a list of contraindications and risks of side effects. In addition, irrational use can lead to a number of other disorders in the body.

The most popular today are broad-spectrum antibiotics of the new generation, since these drugs have been improved and are less toxic due to their modifications. But their most important advantage is that a large number of pathogens show resistance to them. You need to take antibiotics strictly as prescribed by your doctor and as prescribed by him.

The principle of action of such drugs

New antibiotics have an improved formula and principle of action, due to which their active components affect the pathogenic agent exclusively at the cellular level, without disturbing the beneficial microflora of the human body. And if previously such agents were used in the fight against a limited number of pathogenic agents, today they will be effective against a whole group of pathogens at once.

For reference! The latest broad-spectrum antibiotics (ABSA) have one advantageous difference from previous antibiotics - minimal risks of causing damage to the patient's body.

Some of these drugs have a depressing effect on the synthesis of the outer cell membrane, but no negative effect on it is expected (penicillins or cephalosporins). Others disrupt protein synthesis at the cellular level in bacteria, such as tetracyclines or macrolides.

Modern broad-spectrum antibiotics can be prescribed in several cases:

• the pathogen is not susceptible to the active substance of the narrow-profile antibiotic;
• in case of superinfection provoked by several infectious or bacterial agents;
• if you need to prevent infection after surgery;
• in the presence of certain clinical symptoms, but without the ability to determine the type of pathogen.

Antibiotics of this type are strong drugs, so they can be used by doctors in the complex treatment of otitis, lymphadenitis, colds and other ailments caused by pathogenic microbes and microorganisms.

Names of the latest generation batteries

Before choosing the right ABSS in a particular case, you need to know the classification of such drugs according to groups according to the active substance. All of them can be produced in different forms - tablets or capsules, injection solutions or topical agents.

So, there are several groups of ABHS:

• tetracycline group - Tetracycline;
• group of aminoglycosides - Streptomycin;
• amphenicol antibiotics - Chloramphenicol;
• penicillin series of drugs - Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Bilmicin or Ticarcycline;
• antibiotics of the carbapenem group - Imipenem, Meropenem or Ertapenem.

Each of these drugs can be used only after determining the type of pathogenic agent that caused the disease in humans. Therefore, the patient undergoes a comprehensive diagnosis, after which the attending physician chooses a new generation antibiotic based on the data obtained. ABSS are less toxic; they act deeply and only on opportunistic flora, without suppressing the immune system and beneficial microflora of the human body.

Treatment of bronchitis

The names of bactericidal agents for the disease bronchitis are varied, but most often experts give preference to the new generation ABSS, but always after examining the patient’s sputum in the laboratory. If there is not enough time to study the bronchitis bacteria, doctors may prescribe the following ABSS:

• in case of intolerance to penicillins, macrolides are prescribed - Erythromycin or Clarithromycin;
• penicillin drugs - Amoxiclav, Augmentin, and Panclave;
• chronic bronchitis at the acute stage is treated with fluoroquinolone drugs - Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin or Moxifloxacin;
• Cephalosporins are also effective (if bronchitis is obstructive) - Ceftriaxone and Cefuroxime.

The above drugs penetrate deep into the human body, identifying the pathogenic agent. As practice has shown, most of them do not cause side effects if used strictly according to the doctor’s instructions.

Antibiotics for sinusitis

In medical practice, the most effective antibiotics for this type of infection are two groups of antibiotics - macrolides or cephalosporins. And if penicillin drugs were used in the past, today numerous pathogenic microorganisms have developed immunity to them.

Treatment of sinusitis is appropriate when using the following ABSS:

• Cefuroxine;
• Cefexime;
• Cecefoxitin;
• Cefotaxime;
• Cefachlor;
• Azithromycin;
• Macropen.

Moreover, macrolides are prescribed even in the most advanced cases, since they demonstrate the highest percentage of effectiveness against such a disease. It is only important to follow the treatment regimen prescribed by the doctor.

Sore throat and antibiotics

If earlier in medical practice a sore throat was treated with penicillins, over the years the causative agent of the disease has developed immunity to them. In addition, recent studies have confirmed that cephalosporins and macrolides are most effective against such a pathogen. Today they are most often used in the treatment of bacterial infections of the nasopharynx.

The most popular drugs for angina are as follows:

• Cephalexin;
• Spiramycin;
• Erythromycin;
• Leucomycin;
• Aziromycin;
• Azitral;
• Clarithromycin;
• Dirithromycin.

Macrolides are often prescribed for patients in the treatment of tonsillar pathologies; moreover, they do not affect the digestive organs and do not cause reactions from the nervous system due to minimal toxicity.

Treatment of colds and flu

Such common diseases as colds and flu occupy a leading position in their prevalence and frequency of cases. The following new generation ABSS are used in treatment:

• Sumamed- a drug from the macrolide group, despite its broad antibacterial effect, it does not affect the gastrointestinal tract, and after the end of treatment it lasts for another week. It is not allowed in the treatment of children.
• Cefaclor– a second-generation drug that demonstrates high effectiveness against numerous human respiratory diseases.
• Cefamandole- a group of second generation cephalosporins, the release form is presented in the form of solutions for injection. The best antibiotic with a bactericidal effect for intramuscular administration.
• Rulid- a medicine from the group of macrolides with a narrow focus only against agents of respiratory diseases or inflammation of the ENT organs.
• Avelox- a strong drug in tablet form, belonging to the latest generation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics, which exhibits a pronounced bactericidal effect.
• Clarithromycin- macrolide of semi-synthetic composition, which is produced in the form of capsules. Its antibacterial effect affects numerous pathogenic microorganisms.

For reference! All of these drugs have been tested by time, research by pharmacologists and scientific experts. Under no circumstances should you prescribe such drugs on your own without consulting a doctor. Despite the wide range of influences, only a medical specialist can select the right group of drugs for a specific pathogen.

Infections of the genitourinary system

Selecting a new generation of ABSS is more difficult, since there are many more varieties of such diseases, many of them involve different pathogens and etiologies.

1. For cystitis- Monural, Palin, Nocilin or Levomecitin, .
2. For urethritis- cephalosporins Suprax or Ceftriaxone in case of gonococcal origin, but if the disease is provoked by trichomoniasis, Metronidazole is used together with Azithromycin.
3. For pyelonephritis- combined antibiotics Amoxicillin or Amoxil, if acute kidney infiltration is observed - Cefaclor, Cephalexin or Ofloxacin.
4. For prostatitis- Amoxiclav, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin.

Most of the listed remedies help cope with the unpleasant symptoms of inflammation of the genitourinary system already on the first day of use.

Antifungal antibiotics

These diseases require careful comprehensive diagnosis; only after accurately identifying the pathogenic microorganism can the right drug be selected. Doctors identify the following latest generation ABSS against fungi:

• AB polyene first generation for candidiasis or dermatomycosis - Amphotericin B, Levorin, Nystatin;
• second generation from fungi of the genitourinary system - Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole, Miconazole;
• Third generation AB - Terbinafine, Naftifine or Antraconazole for fungi;
• fourth generation drugs for different strains of fungi - Caspofungin, Posaconazole, Voriconazole or Ravuconazole.

Self-medication with such medications is unacceptable, since fungal infections tend to quickly spread throughout the body, multiplying en masse.

Treatment of eye diseases

In recent years, ophthalmology has introduced into practice the use of numerous latest-generation ABSSs for local therapy of a wide variety of diseases. The latest medication and the most effective is Maxaquin, effective in the fight against bacterial keratitis or conjunctivitis of chlamydial etiology. Also no less popular are such products as Okacin, Torbex, Eubetal, Vitabact or Colbiocin.

Pneumonia

Treatment of such a disease requires a careful approach from a specialist and accurate diagnosis, since the causative agents of pneumonia can be numerous pathogenic microorganisms - mycoplasmas, staphylococci, streptococci, chlamydia or E. coli bacteria.

Abs for pneumonia are as follows:

• gram-negative bacteria - cephalosporins Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime or Ceftazidime;
• gram-positive cocci - cephalosporins Cefazolin, Cefuroxime, and Cefoxin;
• Pneumocystis form - Cotrimoxazole or macrolide antibiotics;
• atypical form of the course - Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Azithromycin or Midecamycin;
• anaerobic infections - Metronidazole, Lincomycin, Clindamycin;
• cytomegalovirus pneumonia - Cytotect, Acyclovir or Ganciclovir.

In recent years, more than 7,000 substances with antimicrobial and bactericidal action have been developed in medicine, against the background of which new and improved antibiotics are regularly released.

Calculations over the last decade have identified more than 160 such drugs, 20 of which are new generation drugs. Some of them are cheap, others cost an order of magnitude more, but the factor in choosing drugs should be solely the recommendations of a specialist.