The influence of self-esteem on the social behavior of an individual. Report: The influence of self-esteem on human behavior in society

Self-knowledge and human spiritual development

Why does a person know himself?

Question: " Does self-esteem influence human behavior?“is inherently incorrect, since any assessment destroys our spiritual essence.

From a psychological point of view, self-esteem is a person’s personal attitude towards himself. And how an individual treats himself determines his behavior in society, which is quite logical. Psychologists distinguish between normal, high and low self-esteem.

However, self-esteem is a product of our mind or brain, a completely material object.

And a person is initially the embodiment of a spirit that comes into the world to learn the lessons of the material level. In other words, the spiritual principle chooses a material body as a friend for the duration of its stay in the material world.

Since man is a spiritual being, then how can he evaluate his Spirit with his mind?!

Self-esteem, as a material level tangible through the senses, is consonant with the words “be good!”

But to man you just have to be , the way the Almighty (God, the Universe) created it.

Just To be youreself and being good (pleasing to communicate in society) are mutually exclusive concepts

Learn to be yourself

A person with “normal self-esteem” (interpretation by psychologists), in my opinion, is one of the few on Earth who balanced and able to be himself either from birth or as a result of being raised by balanced parents.

Very few people have genetically inherited a sense of self-worth from their ancestors or grew up in a family where the parents themselves lived with a sense of self-worth and, loving unconditionally, treated their child with respect from infancy.

But most people come into this world learn to be yourself , to be an individual. He comes to correct the mistakes of his ancestors and parents, who have “high” or “low” self-esteem, in the language of psychologists.

Self-esteem arises from internal stress: fear that I'm not like everyone else, malice that everyone doesn’t treat me the way I would like, etc.

Do not agree? Do you think that you have no fears and anger? Then think about how many wishes you have! And every desire is there fear not getting what you want. If you often don’t get what you want, you begin to get angry at yourself, at everyone around you, blame circumstances, etc.

Some people develop low self-esteem: they become timid, unsure of themselves, considering all people smarter, more successful, and happier. They often blame themselves and react painfully to criticism.

Others suffer from high self-esteem. Not satisfied with themselves in their souls, they want to appear better in front of others. Therefore, they behave defiantly, arrogantly, arrogantly. They want everyone to consider them the best, to recognize their superiority. They react aggressively to criticism.

Don't judge yourself, don't question yourself does self-esteem influence human behavior.

What should you do in order not to evaluate yourself, and live in harmony with your soul and spirit, and feel happy?

1. Stop comparing yourself to others and to your past self. You are God's highest creation. You are unique; from birth you have certain talents that you need to discover through trial and error.

2. Stop criticizing and blaming yourself for mistakes in life. After all, if a person does not make mistakes, he will not learn his life lessons and will not correct the mistakes of his ancestors.

3. Love yourself the way God created you! Love unconditionally, forgive yourself for mistakes. Draw conclusions from your mistakes so as not to make them again.

4. Accept each of the people around you for who they are. Don't criticize, don't judge. This is how God created him. Everyone has their own life lessons.

5. Don't try to please everyone. Try To be youreself, listen to your heart, not your inflamed mind. The desire to be liked by others is in every person. But don’t let this desire overwhelm you, don’t let it be excessive and destructive for you.

6. Remember that you are a spiritual being. What does it mean?

You cannot see your spiritual essence in reality. But if you look with your heart, you can imagine it.

Imagine a point from which energy waves emanate in different directions. They are endless. This is you, a person, that is, a spiritual being.

Do you have a beginning or an end? No. There is only the center.

Does life have a beginning and an end? By the sky? From God? No. After all, it is the same energy.

Think about it: “I am limitless, life is limitless, God is limitless. The center of my life is in me, and I and my center are in them.” In other words: “Everything is in me, and I am in everything.”

Each of us could see and feel this in our hearts if we did not limit ourselves fears.

Our limitations lead to stress and illness, to low or high self-esteem.

Dear readers, remember that you are the center of everything that exists! Learn to know yourself and the people around you, then life will not be a problem for you. Your behavior will be natural, dictated by self-respect. And the question will not sound like influence of self-esteem on human behavior.

Dear parents, your children have come to instruct you spiritually, and subsequently to help you physically. Don't treat them like property. If you care about them, love them unconditionally. It is not up to you to decide what kind of person they will grow up to be, it is their choice. But your life example, not psychological terror And moralizing, will help children to be themselves and treat themselves and others with respect.

Dear children, you came into this world to develop your special skill, gift, talent that is inherent in you. Parents are your experienced mentors. Forgive them for their obsessive upbringing with words, take a closer look at their deeds, look for your purpose in life. Each of you is talented in your own way. Always feel worthy.

Happiness to everyone and success in discovering your spiritual essence!

The influence of alcohol on the human psyche and consciousness

Alcoholism is a problem in modern times. Today it is as relevant as ever. Many people mistakenly look for some kind of support and solutions to their problems at the bottom of the bottle. But this is the wrong way. Not everyone thinks about the harmful effects of alcohol and the consequences of its excessive consumption.

First of all, the psyche suffers, changing a person’s attitude towards all areas of normal life.

Let's take a closer look at how alcohol affects the psyche and what diseases its excessive use can lead to.

The effect of alcohol on the body's functioning

Alcoholism has a detrimental effect on all processes in the brain: destroying connections with the outside world and changing the attitude towards what is happening around. The perception of objective reality slows down.

Problems with concentration are not the only consequence of frequent drinking. The importance of perceiving events changes and abstraction from what is happening appears. The patient ceases to see the need for them. Alcohol disrupts plans and upcoming events.

Usually, loved ones begin to notice changes in the behavior and lifestyle of people who drink. It is difficult for a drinker to stay sober, his body is rebuilt. Alcohol affects normal brain activity and behavior. Passion for alcohol leads to degradation.

In patients, there is a sharp variability in the processes of the brain at the level of personal behavior and emotional state. The mood fluctuates chaotically from sadness to joy.

The behavior of other people is not identified correctly, and the logic of thinking breaks down. A person who drinks frequently, as a rule, loses his ability to work and his taste for life. Regardless of the quality and quantity of alcohol, a person’s imagination begins to falter.

It is difficult for an alcoholic to imagine anything remote and beautiful outside of the usual habitats, such as the kitchen, bedroom and restroom. And when the drinker closes his eyes alone, he sees the gray ordinariness.

A person addicted to drinking suffers from a lack of normal sleep, without his evening alcohol intake. And the feeling of vigor in the morning is absent in the morning, regardless of the number of hours allocated to sleep. It is difficult to imagine the dreams of an alcoholic, filled with negative emotions and chaotic, illogical construction.

No one will argue with the fact that alcohol greatly influences a person’s behavior in society: moral prohibitions and ethical standards no longer have their former force. You can expect anything from a drunk person. And lack of alcohol is often the reason for thefts or murders. For an alcoholic, position in society becomes secondary. Alcohol-related divorces are common, including loss of jobs and social connections with loved ones.

Diseases caused by drinking alcohol

Drinking alcohol changes the general condition and leads to all sorts of psychoneurological problems. A common disease among alcoholics is delirium tremens - delirium tremens. In this state, a person is dangerous to himself and others.

A couple of days before the active phase, a potentially ill alcoholic begins to have problems sleeping and a state of unreasonable anxiety appears.

The mind of an alcoholic undergoes changes at the level of mental processes, leading to the appearance of various nightmarish hallucinations. Hallucinations can be more often auditory, less often visual.

The main problem of such a delusional state is a distorted perception of reality; in such a state, the patient sees logic in stopping what is happening by jumping from the window. In a state of insanity, a person can see a threat in people and defend himself from “attackers” with improvised objects, which could be, for example, a knife.

The condition of such a patient is so serious that the people around him, including relatives, are regarded by him as potential enemies. The behavior of a drinking person is antisocial and dangerous. In severe cases, the patient requires hospitalization.

Alcohol provokes the appearance of alcoholic polyneuritis - inflammation of the nerve endings in the brain. Its symptoms are tingling and itching in the lower extremities, decreased sensitivity of the nerve endings of the legs and the body as a whole. Movement during polyneuritis only increases pain. With prolonged use, the drinker begins to move less and his muscles slowly but surely atrophy.

Alcoholic polyneuritis provokes a mental disorder known as Korsakoff's disease. Slight absent-mindedness and poor memory indicate its presence. Alcoholics are often poorly oriented in time and in the objective perception of current events. Gaps in memory are replaced by hallucinations and fantasies of a sick imagination.

The appearance of hemorrhagic polioencephalitis clearly reflects the effect of alcohol on a drinking person. Speech disturbances and increased body temperature are common symptoms of this disease. Often a person who drinks enters an unconscious state that does not require activity. And as a result of this lifestyle, bedsores appear.

It is worth clearly understanding that excessive drinking can lead to problems with memory and performance. Your imagination will suffer and your attention will decrease. Sleep will become disturbing, and thinking will become ambiguous, which will lead to problems with self-esteem and personal perception of oneself.

Do not forget that drinking seems to be an imaginary way to solve problems and colorize gray everyday life. It is much better to lead an active lifestyle: an active lifestyle and physical development.

Improving your cultural and intellectual potential. And gray everyday life will be replaced by a bright and eventful life, leaving only good memories.

The influence of frequencies on human behavior

Let's look at the low frequencies right away. At a frequency of 1-2 Hz, a person falls into sleep. Frequencies from 5 to 7 Hz cause a wild feeling of fear in a person. In addition, if there is long-term radiation, then the human brain can resonate and collapse, and the person will die.

Therefore, pilots are prohibited from entering thunderclouds, because there, in thunderclouds, vortices and vibrations are very frequent, operating at a frequency of 5-7 Hz.

In scientific circles, frequencies of 5-7 Hz are called the “voice of the sea.” This is due to the fact that as a result of tectonic movements, the earth's crust shifts under water. This causes either an eruption or underwater earthquakes. They cause a certain wave. When it spreads through water, its speed reaches 700-800 km/h. Imagine, radiation of 5-7 Hz spreads across the surface of the sea at a speed of 700-800 km/h. Very often the so-called “flying Dutchmen” are found. Vessel. Nobody here. Coffee is brewing. Or someone was just sitting at a sewing machine. And not a single living soul on the ship. This radiation just comes out, and people jump overboard in panic. The wave does its job and the person dies.

Many military structures use emitters at these frequencies. Allowed to disperse demonstrations. But this is no longer 5-7 Hz, but from 3.5 to 5 Hz - that’s all, the so-called infrasonic frequencies.

In the 70s, there was a legend about an organ that was used by one of the Western rock bands. They used ultra-low frequencies for greater effect (the ear cannot hear them) and this led to the fact that in panic all the rows were taken out of the hall, all the doors and the people fled.

Frequencies close to auditory perception, sound frequencies, they also affect humans.

Low frequencies are perceived by the lower chakras. The brain, which operates at ultra-high, ultra-high vibrations, for it, of course, a low frequency is destructive.

Here is a person who suffers with his stomach, takes all kinds of pills, goes to procedures, but his stomach hurts and hurts. This person is advised to contact his grandmother. The grandmother whispered something over her stomach, and her stomach stopped hurting. The doctors experimented on him for a year and did not help, but the grandmother was able to help in a few minutes. What did grandma do? And the grandmother read an old prayer or hymn-appeal and whispered at a frequency of 14-16 Hz. Hz is a vibration per second of time. And I already told you that at a frequency of 14-16 Hz we listen to music with our stomach. You listen to organ music, low notes, subcontracts... and your stomach leaps. The ear did not perceive it, but the stomach did.

This suggests that our Ancestors knew in what range the stomach, pancreas, liver, and spleen worked.

Many people look at the conspiracies of the Russian people, the so-called witchcraft. The Christians called this black magic. Conspiracies for pain in the stomach, a conspiracy for pain in the pancreas, so that the kidneys and liver work... and they usually try to read it as a simple text, and then they say: “Some kind of nonsense, it doesn’t help.” And our Ancestors read for years with a certain frequency and helped people.

A conspiracy to subside heart pain - there is already a larger amplitude here. This suggests that our Ancestors had the power of the voice.

If I use a low amplitude voice flow, i.e. If I speak monotonously, very low, then after a while you will begin to nod off and fall asleep. That is, the amplitude of the voice affects a person.

During the war, when the Red Army was retreating, everyone was in a depressed mood, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief made a decision to send artists to the units so that they would influence the psyche with fervent singing, dancing, and concerts, raising the amplitude... Many compared this to a feast during the plague. People are dying everywhere, but these are celebrating.

Normal singing is closer to the range of 400 Hz to 1000 Hz. The tuning fork is tuned to a frequency of 440 Hz, to the note “LA”.

? “is inherently incorrect, since any assessment destroys our spiritual essence.

From a psychological point of view, self-esteem is a person’s personal attitude towards himself. And how an individual treats himself determines his behavior in society, which is quite logical. Psychologists distinguish between normal, high and low self-esteem.

However, self-esteem is a product of our mind or brain, a completely material object.

And a person is initially the embodiment of a spirit that comes into the world to learn the lessons of the material level. In other words, the spiritual principle chooses a material body as a friend for the duration of its stay in the material world.

Since man is a spiritual being, then how can he evaluate his Spirit with his mind?!

Self-esteem, as a material level tangible through the senses, is consonant with the words “be good!”

But to man you just have to be , the way the Almighty (God, the Universe) created it.

Just To be youreself and being good (pleasing to communicate in society) are mutually exclusive concepts

Learn to be yourself

A person with “normal self-esteem” (interpretation by psychologists), in my opinion, is one of the few on Earth who balanced and able to be himself either from birth or as a result
education by balanced parents.

Very few people have genetically inherited a sense of self-worth from their ancestors or grew up in a family where the parents themselves lived with a sense of self-worth and, loving unconditionally, treated their child with respect from infancy.

But most people come into this world learn to be yourself , to be an individual. He comes to correct the mistakes of his ancestors and parents, who have “high” or “low” self-esteem, in the language of psychologists.

Self-esteem arises from internal stress: that I am not like everyone else, malice that everything is not
they treat me the way I would like, etc.

Do not agree? Do you think that you have no fears and anger? Then think about how many wishes you have! And every desire is there fear not getting what you want. If you often don’t get what you want, you begin to get angry at yourself, at everyone around you, blame circumstances, etc.

Some people develop low self-esteem: they become timid, unsure of themselves, considering all people smarter, more successful, and happier. They often blame themselves and react painfully to criticism.

Others suffer from high self-esteem. Not satisfied with themselves in their souls, they want to appear better in front of others. Therefore, they behave defiantly, arrogantly, arrogantly. They want everyone to consider them the best, to recognize their superiority. They react aggressively to criticism.

Don't judge yourself, don't question yourself does self-esteem influence human behavior.

What should you do in order not to evaluate yourself, and live in harmony with your soul and spirit, and feel happy?

Learn to be yourself:

1. Stop comparing yourself to others and to your past self. You are God's highest creation. You are unique; from birth you have certain talents that you need to discover through trial and error.

2. Stop criticizing and blaming yourself for mistakes in life. After all, if a person does not make mistakes, he will not learn his life lessons and will not correct the mistakes of his ancestors.

3. Love yourself the way God created you! Love unconditionally, forgive yourself for mistakes. Draw conclusions from your mistakes so as not to make them again.

4. Accept each of the people around you for who they are. Don't criticize, don't judge. This is how God created him. Everyone has their own life lessons.

5. Don't try to please everyone. Try To be youreself, listen to your heart, not your inflamed mind. The desire to be liked by others is in every person. But don’t let this desire overwhelm you, don’t let it be excessive and destructive for you.

6. Remember that you are a spiritual being. What does it mean?

You cannot see your spiritual essence in reality. But if you look with your heart, you can imagine it.

Imagine a point from which energy waves emanate in different directions. They endless. This is you, a person, that is, a spiritual being.

Do you have a beginning or an end? No. There is only the center.

Does life have a beginning and an end? By the sky? From God? No. After all, it is the same energy.

Think about it: “I am limitless, life is limitless, God is limitless. The center of my life is in me, and I and my center are in them.” In other words: “Everything is in me, and I am in everything.”

Each of us could see and feel this in our hearts if we did not limit ourselves fears.

Our limitations lead to stress and illness, to low or high self-esteem.

Dear readers, remember that you are the center of everything that exists! Learn to know yourself and people, those around you, then life will not be a problem for you. Your behavior will be natural, dictated by self-respect. And the question will not sound like influence of self-esteem on human behavior.

Guess who is the most accurate and sober assessor of one’s own self? This is a child. . He is free from doubts, fears, uncertainty, assessments of others, and does not notice sideways glances. He's just who he is. He believes that this is good, and as proof he receives confirmation of boundless love from his parents and relatives. This is just an example of normal, adequate self-esteem. Low self-esteem - when we begin to perceive ourselves critically, we stop loving ourselves. Maybe our parents instilled this in us, maybe our work colleagues, our bosses, maybe our boyfriends and neighbors. But the fact remains that we believed it. They believed that we were worse and began to compare ourselves with someone else and, alas, not to our advantage. Or, on the contrary, high self-esteem, when a person is constantly told that he is the best, that the whole world is only for him, that everything will be the way he wants.

If you have low self-esteem

If you often doubt yourself, are afraid of upsetting someone, think about others more than about yourself, are shy, feel out of place, constantly look around at what they will think of you, how it will look from the outside, you don’t know how to accepting gifts, compliments, it seems to you that you are not worthy, you are afraid to talk about your desires, save on yourself, deny yourself a lot, then this indicates low self-esteem. There can be a great many reasons for low self-esteem: age, presence/absence of a husband, children, social status, financial situation, personal achievements, appearance, the list can be almost endless.

Let's look at the most common of them:

1. The desire to please and please others. A woman who suffers from a lack of self-love strives to receive it from others. She adapts, strives to please, and often has a slightly ingratiating look. She carefully checks her words, deeds, actions, precisely with the feeling of how she will be perceived, and God forbid someone thinks badly of her. She often lives in the feeling that it is important for her to please everyone without exception, everyone - that's it. She is very dependent on the opinions of others, in everything, not only in her own behavior, but also in the behavior of her children, cats, dogs. Sometimes it is easier for her to rein in a child, even to yell at him, than to look bad in the eyes of a teacher, teacher, and so on. Her actions are predominantly guided by the thought “What will others think of me?”

2. Passion for diets, obsession with appearance. The desire to look good is a natural desire for most women, but for women with low self-esteem, this desire develops almost into a phobia. Chasing the next diet, torturing yourself with various cosmetic procedures in order to look “perfect”. Self-flagellation and criticism of one's appearance. Striving for the ideal and living in the expectation that losing those extra pounds will make her happy. Libra strives for that same number, but for some reason happiness does not increase; new reasons are found to be dissatisfied with oneself.

3. Fear of communication. A woman obsessed with complexes will never dare to be the first to start a conversation. She is afraid that they will not pay attention to her, they will refuse her and will not support the conversation. Such a person behaves very unnaturally, stiffly or, conversely, too relaxed, vulgar. Often she is afraid to look into the eyes of her interlocutor, she looks as if through, over, suddenly she will see in these eyes disapproval, condemnation or evaluation, which she is so afraid of. It is because of this that most women with low self-esteem are afraid to create deep, sincere relationships with their partner, because they are afraid to be vulnerable, afraid to trust, to become defenseless, as they really are, and put on the mask of “iron ladies” , but then they themselves suffer.

As you can see, low self-esteem makes a person depressed, leaving him on the sidelines. The result is dissatisfaction and a feeling of hopelessness.

What to do with high self-esteem

If you are always confident in what you do, you think that the last word should be yours, you blame other people and/or current circumstances for all your troubles, if you do not know how to apologize and ask for forgiveness, if it is important for you to be the best and look ideal, but you are afraid to trust and do not like to show your weakness and defenselessness, you love to teach everyone, then these are sure signs that your self-esteem is inflated.

The most common examples of inflated self-esteem:

1. Arrogance. Such a person puts himself above others. He constantly evaluates appearance and status, and is fixated on “his circle” of friends. Likes to humiliate and make fun of other people in public. He will not ask for forgiveness, even if he understands and accepts his guilt. Such people believe that it is better to destroy the relationship and be left alone than to admit that they are wrong.

2. Obsession with your opinion. There is even a famous expression: “Do you want to be right or happy?” If you strive to be right everywhere and everywhere, insist on your own, and do not know how to admit your mistakes, then this path will sooner or later lead to internal self-destruction.

3. Painful reaction to criticism. Inadequate perception of criticism, even a minimal remark is met with hostility. After all, criticism makes it clear that people are imperfect, everyone has their own shortcomings, but admitting all this is unacceptable for such a person. As a result, a lot of effort goes into maintaining an unshakable image. People with high self-esteem have very few real, sincere, close friends. They often have difficulties in their personal lives, in relationships with their partners, or simply lack them. In any relationship with other people, tension, conflict, and alienation arise, be it at home, relatives, work colleagues, or partners.

Why does a person know himself?

Question: " Does self-esteem influence human behavior?“is inherently incorrect, since any assessment destroys our spiritual essence.

From a psychological point of view, self-esteem is a person’s personal attitude towards himself. And how an individual treats himself determines his behavior in society, which is quite logical. Psychologists distinguish between normal, high and low self-esteem.

However, self-esteem is a product of our mind or brain, a completely material object.

And a person is initially the embodiment of a spirit that comes into the world to learn the lessons of the material level. In other words, the spiritual principle chooses a material body as a friend for the duration of its stay in the material world.

Since man is a spiritual being, then how can he evaluate his Spirit with his mind?!

Self-esteem, as a material level tangible through the senses, is consonant with the words “be good!”

But to man you just have to be , the way the Almighty (God, the Universe) created it.

Just To be youreself and being good (pleasing to communicate in society) are mutually exclusive concepts

Learn to be yourself

A person with “normal self-esteem” (interpretation by psychologists), in my opinion, is one of the few on Earth who balanced and able to be himself either from birth or as a result of being raised by balanced parents.

Very few people have genetically inherited a sense of self-worth from their ancestors or grew up in a family where the parents themselves lived with a sense of self-worth and, loving unconditionally, treated their child with respect from infancy.

But most people come into this world learn to be yourself , to be an individual. He comes to correct the mistakes of his ancestors and parents, who have “high” or “low” self-esteem, in the language of psychologists.

Self-esteem arises from internal stress: fear that I'm not like everyone else, malice that everyone doesn’t treat me the way I would like, etc.

Do not agree? Do you think that you have no fears and anger? Then think about how many wishes you have! And every desire is there fear not getting what you want. If you often don’t get what you want, you begin to get angry at yourself, at everyone around you, blame circumstances, etc.

Some people develop low self-esteem: they become timid, unsure of themselves, considering all people smarter, more successful, and happier. They often blame themselves and react painfully to criticism.

Others suffer from high self-esteem. Not satisfied with themselves in their souls, they want to appear better in front of others. Therefore, they behave defiantly, arrogantly, arrogantly. They want everyone to consider them the best, to recognize their superiority. They react aggressively to criticism.

Don't judge yourself, don't question yourself does self-esteem influence human behavior.

What should you do in order not to evaluate yourself, and live in harmony with your soul and spirit, and feel happy?

1. Stop comparing yourself to others and to your past self. You are God's highest creation. You are unique; from birth you have certain talents that you need to discover through trial and error.

2. Stop criticizing and blaming yourself for mistakes in life. After all, if a person does not make mistakes, he will not learn his life lessons and will not correct the mistakes of his ancestors.

3. Love yourself the way God created you! Love unconditionally, forgive yourself for mistakes. Draw conclusions from your mistakes so as not to make them again.

4. Accept each of the people around you for who they are. Don't criticize, don't judge. This is how God created him. Everyone has their own life lessons.

5. Don't try to please everyone. Try To be youreself, listen to your heart, not your inflamed mind. The desire to be liked by others is in every person. But don’t let this desire overwhelm you, don’t let it be excessive and destructive for you.

6. Remember that you are a spiritual being. What does it mean?

You cannot see your spiritual essence in reality. But if you look with your heart, you can imagine it.

Imagine a point from which energy waves emanate in different directions. They are endless. This is you, a person, that is, a spiritual being.

Do you have a beginning or an end? No. There is only the center.

Does life have a beginning and an end? By the sky? From God? No. After all, it is the same energy.

Think about it: “I am limitless, life is limitless, God is limitless. The center of my life is in me, and I and my center are in them.” In other words: “Everything is in me, and I am in everything.”

Each of us could see and feel this in our hearts if we did not limit ourselves fears.

Our limitations lead to stress and illness, to low or high self-esteem.

Dear readers, remember that you are the center of everything that exists! Learn to know yourself and the people around you, then life will not be a problem for you. Your behavior will be natural, dictated by self-respect. And the question will not sound like influence of self-esteem on human behavior.

Dear parents, your children have come to instruct you spiritually, and subsequently to help you physically. Don't treat them like property. If you care about them, love them unconditionally. It is not up to you to decide what kind of person they will grow up to be, it is their choice. But your life example, not psychological terror And moralizing, will help children to be themselves and treat themselves and others with respect.

Dear children, you came into this world to develop your special skill, gift, talent that is inherent in you. Parents are your experienced mentors. Forgive them for their obsessive upbringing with words, take a closer look at their deeds, look for your purpose in life. Each of you is talented in your own way. Always feel worthy.

Happiness to everyone and success in discovering your spiritual essence!

Does self-esteem influence human behavior?

Does a person's behavior influence their self-esteem?

Yes, of course it does. People with low self-esteem are characterized by timidity, self-doubt, and isolation. And those who have it too high often behave with aplomb, some kind of arrogance and condescension towards others. But people with adequate self-esteem adhere to the golden mean; they do not have the arrogance, pressure and excessive self-confidence that is inherent in individuals who are undeservedly rated highly of themselves, nor the timidity, fear of failure and expectation of failure that individuals with low self-esteem are prone to.

And besides, our own self-esteem affects the attitude of others towards us. Probably many have noticed that self-confident people are accepted in society much better than shy and insecure people. That is, our self-esteem also influences the behavior of other people around us.

Self-esteem has a great influence on human behavior:

Low self-esteem makes a person insecure;

Inflated self-esteem makes a person an “arrogant” person with whom no one wants to communicate. Considering yourself better and higher than who you really are is inflated self-esteem, and all the people around you quickly notice it. Therefore, such a person becomes the cause of ridicule and jokes in the team, and because of this, he soon begins to get angry with all people.

I would even say that self-esteem does not just influence behavior, it determines a person’s behavior. There are at least three options for self-assessment. Understated, in which a person becomes timid and unresponsive, leads to the emergence of an eternal loser who is burdened by society and seeks solitude. Inflated self-esteem forces a person to do crazy things and stupid things that harm his image, and leads to the emergence of shameless egoists and impudent people. Finally, objective self-esteem allows a person to be himself, not to be arrogant or timid, to live a full life and at the same time not interfere with the lives of others. Such a person is confident in himself, but allows for the possibility of a personal mistake, without making a tragedy out of such an event. He knows that he is not perfect and an unquestioned authority, but he strives to become better and does not worry about the fact that the ideal is unattainable in principle. Such a person accepts himself as he is.

Does self-esteem influence behavior?

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The full version of the scientific work is available in PDF format

Self-esteem is a person’s assessment of himself, his capabilities, his own qualities, advantages, disadvantages of his place among other people; It is also the degree to which one perceives oneself as good, competent, and worthy of respect.

All definitions and theoretical ideas about self-esteem can be divided into three groups, depending on which components of the system (self-awareness, personality or category “I”) self-esteem plays, and which component of it will play an important role.

Research in the field of social psychology (G.M. Andreeva, E. Aronson, A.A. Bodalev, R. Baron, M.I. Lisina, J. Turner, etc.) made it possible to identify the main channels through which norms are transmitted, values, ideas about oneself in a real context, to better understand the patterns in adolescence. From a developmental point of view, this age period is characterized as extremely important in the formation of personality.

It is known that this developing personality experiences great overload in any society and at any time. However, the problem of studying the dynamics of the development of its mental structures in recent years has become especially acute. A study of the connection between a teenager’s form of communication in the family and the degree of adequacy and stability of his self-esteem showed that among adolescents who have a trusting relationship with their parents, adequate and stable self-esteem prevails, while adolescents from families with a regulated type of communication are characterized by more inadequate self-esteem.

In our study, we tried not only to identify the relationship between the emotional and value attitude of parents towards the child and his self-esteem, but also to trace how the stratification of attitudes and self-attitudes occurs, to see the dialogue that a teenager conducts with grades and parents’ opinions about themselves. 101 teenagers from two 9th and one 8th grades (79 girls and 22 boys) took part in the study.

Analysis of the results of the experimental study indicates an increase in the level of complexity of the tasks facing schools today. Social adaptation of children who need to be prepared for a new reality - for entry into life in dramatically changed social conditions. The formation in a child of stable personality traits that contribute not only to full socialization, but also to social activity and, ideally, creativity.

In this regard, the study of the psychological characteristics of self-esteem and the orientation of the individual in their interrelation is oriented towards identifying effective means of stimulating the activity of the individual. The activity of a person is expressed in her desire to achieve a goal, in her intentions and various motivational attitudes. Carrying out various acts, a person needs some feedback in order to evaluate the points of view of others at each specific moment and determine the image of himself.

The study showed that the study of self-esteem as a prerequisite for self-regulation of behavior in adolescence is of great practical importance, since only taking into account psychological knowledge about its nature and content can the education of schoolchildren be organized on a scientific basis.

When studying sexual preferences in communication among adolescents, we noticed that same-sex associations were more common than opposite-sex associations. Many girls did not want to accept boys into their association, citing the fact that they would ruin everything, and some were simply embarrassed.

When identifying the dependence of a teenager’s behavior on self-esteem, we found that the vast majority of parents treat their children without respect. At the same time, we observed that a similar attitude of parents can be accompanied by opposite types of self-attitude. In cases of the most common parental attitude, namely a combination of sympathy and disrespect, we observed the greatest variety of types of self-esteem in the child. This scatter of data cannot be explained by insufficient development of the child’s social perception: the correlation between the expected assessment and the actual parental assessment reaches a significant level, i.e. In general, adolescents adequately perceive parental attitude. Moreover, in terms of the “respect” parameter, boys have a more accurate coincidence of self-esteem with the expected, rather than the actual, parental assessment.

During the work, types of adolescents with different levels of self-esteem were identified. The theoretical provisions of the work and their testing in practical work allowed us to develop recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of psychological correction. Its effectiveness depends on many factors and, above all, on whether psychologists and teachers will be able to cover with their influence significant areas of adolescent development where functional disorders are possible: goal setting, choice of means, decision making, execution, evaluation, consolidation of results.

When studying a teenager’s self-esteem, we came to the conclusion that it is necessary, first of all, to take into account his personal positions and moral and ethical views, the specifics of his attitude to social norms, and the attitude of his parents towards him. To form a stable, adequate self-esteem of a teenager, it is necessary to include him in a “multilateral assessment system”, which contributes to the development of an adequate standard of assessment, taking into account views of himself and others, and objective assessment by parents.

Thus, correctional and preventive work on the formation of an objective self-assessment of one’s behavior in a teenager should include tasks that make it possible to carry out this kind of pedagogical influence, some of which are based on the mechanism of “mental infection” by a constructive example, a model. The psychological and pedagogical basis for using an example is the tendency and ability of students to imitate and identify with standards that are meaningful to them. The resulting conclusion of our study about the essence of the relationship between self-esteem and personality orientation is the requirement to take into account the psychological characteristics of a teenager against the broad background of the social and ethnocultural environment.

Abdrakhmanova V.G. Dependence of self-esteem on interpersonal and intrapersonal comparison of children // Questions of psychology, 1975. No. 2. P. 138-142.

Andreeva G. M. Social psychology. - M., 1988.

Bozhovich L. I. Personality and its formation in childhood - M., 1969.

Borishevsky M.I. The influence of a teenager’s position on self-regulation of behavior. //Questions of Psychology, 1972. No. 5.S. 121-128.

Borozdina L.V. What is self-esteem // Psychological journal, 1992. No. 4. pp. 12-17.

The influence of self-esteem on human behavior in society

The purpose of this work is to trace the relationship between self-esteem and social behavior of an individual in the works of domestic and foreign authors.

The subject of this study is the relationship between self-esteem and social behavior of an individual.

The object of the study is self-esteem.

1) Conducting a theoretical and methodological review of the literature

2) Discussion of the results of theoretical and empirical research

3) Generalization of the results obtained

4)Formulation of main conclusions

I .Self-esteem as a factor of human personality and its origins

Self-esteem is the value and significance that an individual attributes to himself as a whole and to individual aspects of his personality, activities, and behavior (No. 16, p. 343). Self-esteem acts as a relatively stable structural formation, a component of self-concept, self-knowledge, and as a process of self-esteem. The basis of self-esteem is the individual’s system of personal meanings, the system of values ​​adopted by him. It is considered as a central personal formation and a central component of the self-concept.

In the studies of A.Z. Zak (No. 8, pp. 106 – 108), self-esteem is presented as a means of analysis and awareness by the subject of his own ways of solving problems, on which an internal plan of action, a generalized scheme of an individual’s activity, is built.

T. Shibutani (No. 22, p. 220) speaks about self-esteem this way: “If personality is an organization of values, then the core of such functional unity is self-esteem.”

The leading role is given to self-esteem within the framework of the study of problems of self-awareness: it is characterized as the core of this process, an indicator of the individual level of its development, its personal aspect, organically included in the process of self-knowledge. Self-esteem is associated with the evaluative functions of self-knowledge, which absorb the emotional and value attitude of the individual towards himself, the specifics of his understanding of himself (http:psi.lib/detsad/sbor/saodshv.htm).

B.G. Ananyev (No. 1) expressed the opinion that self-esteem is the most complex and multifaceted component of self-awareness (a complex process of indirect knowledge of oneself, unfolded in time, associated with movement from single, situational images through the integration of similar situational images into a holistic education - the concept own Self (No. 26)), which is a direct expression of the assessment of other persons participating in the development of the individual.

Self-awareness belongs to the integral subject and serves him to organize his own activities, his relationships with others and his communication with them (azps/articles/tezis/40so.html).

Self-knowledge is a complex multi-level process, individually unfolding over time. Conventionally, two stages can be distinguished: knowledge of one’s own characteristics through knowledge of the characteristics of another, comparison and differentiation; at this stage psychoanalysis is included (azps/articles/tezis/40so.html).

The final product of self-knowledge I am an image or I am a concept, i.e. the totality of an individual’s ideas about himself, coupled with their assessment (R. Burns) (azps/articles/tezis/40so.html).

Self-esteem is one of the aspects of the self-concept (one’s own idea of ​​oneself or self-image, that is, a set of opinions about one’s health, appearance, character, influence on others, abilities and shortcomings; since it is based on one’s own opinion, it does not always correspond to reality ). A person with high self-esteem perceives himself in a positive light, while with low self-esteem the self-concept is negative (No. 10, p. 284).

Structure of Self - Concepts

I.Yu. Kulagina, V.N. Kolyutsky (No. 12, p. 294) say that the formation of the “I” concept is the most important stage in the development of self-awareness.

Self-esteem is also considered as an element of self-attitude, along with self-respect, self-sympathy, self-acceptance, etc. (No. 17, p. 124). This is how I.S. Kon speaks (No. 11, p. 109) about self-respect, defining it as the final dimension of the “I”, expressing the measure of an individual’s acceptance or rejection of himself.

A.N. Leontyev proposes to comprehend self-esteem through the category “feeling” as a stable emotional attitude that has “a pronounced objective character, which is the result of a specific generalization of emotions” (No. 13, p. 304).

(No. 33) Kovel M.I. (Self-esteem as the basis of self-regulation and internal motivation). Self-esteem is the basis of internal motivation and is closely related to the process of cognition. Students are involved in socially significant activities (learning, self-education) if they have internal motivation and self-regulation during this activity.

Gippenreiter Yu. B. (No. 6) gives the difference between self-knowledge, self-esteem, self-awareness and introspection, in the words of the world famous storyteller G.Kh. Andersen from the fairy tale “The Ugly Duckling”: “Remember that exciting moment when the duckling, having become a young swan, swam up to the royal birds and said: “Kill me!”, still feeling like an ugly and pathetic creature. Could he, through one “introspection,” change this self-esteem if his admiring relatives had not bowed their heads before him?

The structure of self-esteem is represented by two components – cognitive and emotional. The first reflects a person’s knowledge about himself, the second – his attitude towards himself as a measure of self-satisfaction (http:psi.lib/detsad/sbor/saodshv.htm).

In the activity of self-assessment, these components function in an inextricable unity: neither one nor the other can be presented in its pure form /I.I. Chesnokova/. Knowledge about oneself, acquired by a subject in a social context, inevitably becomes overgrown with emotions, the strength and intensity of which is determined by the significance of the assessed content for the individual (No. 23).

The basis of the cognitive component of self-esteem is the operation of comparing oneself with other people, comparing one’s qualities with developed standards, and recording a possible discrepancy between these values ​​/L.I. Korneeva/. Suverova E.I. (MOSU) (No. 23).

Self-esteem is characterized by the following parameters:

level – high, medium, low

in relation to real success – adequate and inadequate

structural features - conflict and conflict-free

Based on the nature of their temporal relevance, prognostic, current and retrospective self-esteem are distinguished.

The psychological dictionary says: “The self-esteem of a developed individual forms a complex system that determines the nature of the individual’s self-attitude and includes general self-esteem, reflecting the level of self-esteem, holistic acceptance or non-acceptance of oneself, and partial, private self-esteem, characterizing the attitude towards individual aspects of one’s personality, actions, and the success of individual types of activities. Self-esteem can be of different levels of awareness” (No. 16, p. 343).

The analysis of self-esteem as self-assessment of activity made it possible to identify several of its functions: prognostic (consisting in the regulation of personality activity at the very initial stage of activity), corrective (aimed at monitoring and making the necessary adjustments) and retrospective (used by the subject at the final stage of activity to summarize, correlate goals , ways and means of performing activities with its results (No. 21, pp. 22-23).

Let's analyze self-esteem using the concepts of activity categories - result, means, operations:

As a result of self-assessment, researchers highlight the following characteristics: as a result of self-assessment, the individual finds out whether the performance exceeds the standard, equals it or does not reach it (No. 20, p. 191); the person checks himself against the standard and, depending on the results of the test, is satisfied or dissatisfied with himself (No. 14, p. 410); a person’s statement of the qualitative, meaningful features of his Self, his physical strengths, mental abilities, actions, his attitude towards others and himself (No. 21, p. 9); self-esteem is of two kinds: self-satisfaction and dissatisfaction with oneself (No. 7, p. 88); self-esteem answers the question: “not what I have, but what it’s worth, what it means” (No. 4, p. 99).

Thus, the result of self-esteem is either a statement of certain qualities, or the result of comparing these qualities with a certain standard, or the result of some emotional-sensual relationship.

To study issues of self-esteem, research on self-assessment tools is also of great importance.

As means or standards of self-assessment, the following parameters are used: value orientations and personality ideals (Petrovsky A.V.), worldview (Rubinshtein S.L.), level of aspirations (Bozhovich L.I., Heckhausen H., etc.) , “I”-concept (Sokolova E.T., Stolin V.V.), requirements imposed by the team (Savonko E.I.).

So, the functions of self-esteem means can be of two types: cognitive (self-concept or its individual aspects) and affective (values, ideals, level of aspirations, requirements). Summarizing this point, we can conclude that almost any phenomenon of a person’s existence (including self-esteem itself) can be self-evaluated by him, i.e. The content field of self-esteem is endless.

3) In self-assessment, the following operations are distinguished: self-knowledge as constructing the image “I am real” (No. 4, p. 141), comparison of the assessed quality with the standard (No. 21, p. 24), causal attribution of the result of the comparison (No. 21, vol. 1, p.408); reaction (attitude, self-acceptance) to the achieved result (No. 7, p. 368). Causal attribution of the result is considered as an additional procedure that can be applied to both the result of comparison and the result of self-attitude, if they do not somehow satisfy the self-evaluator . Then it turns out that in self-esteem there are only 2 types of fundamental operations: comparison and self-attitude, which, placed in different contexts, take on different meanings (for example, the projection of the “real self” onto the “ideal self” is based on comparison, Petrovsky A.V. ), self-criticism. As its basis, self-attitude has self-acceptance (Borozdina L, V, ibid.), self-satisfaction and dissatisfaction with oneself (No. 2, p. 368).

Self-esteem is dominant, and its expression is considered to be the level of aspirations, concludes L.V. Borozdina. (No. 4, p. 141). That is, the level of aspirations is considered a manifestation of self-esteem in the action of the individual. A similar problem arises in distinguishing the concepts of self-esteem and achievement motivation. For example, Heckhausen H. states that “the achievement motive acts as a system of self-esteem” (No. 19, p. 194).

According to E.A. Serebryakova (No. 18, pp. 42-44), ideas about one’s capabilities make the subject unstable in choosing goals: his aspirations rise sharply after success and fall just as sharply after failure.

Level of aspiration - characterizes: 1) the level of difficulty, the achievement of which is the common goal of a series of future actions (ideal goal); 2) the subject’s choice of the goal of the next action, formed as a result of experiencing the success or failure of a number of past actions (the level of aspirations at the moment); 3) the desired level of personal self-esteem (I level). The desire to increase self-esteem in conditions when a person is free to choose the degree of difficulty of the next action leads to a conflict of two tendencies - the tendency to increase aspirations in order to achieve maximum success, and the tendency to lower them in order to avoid failure. The experience of success (or failure), which arises as a result of achieving (or not achieving) the level of aspirations, entails a shift in the level of aspirations to the area of ​​more difficult (or easier) tasks. A decrease in the difficulty of the chosen goal after success or an increase in it after failure (an atypical change in the level of aspirations) indicates an unrealistic level of aspirations or inadequate self-esteem (No. 34).

The postulate put forward by W. James (No. 3, p. 162) sounds like this:

“Self-esteem is directly proportional to success and inversely proportional to aspirations, that is, potential successes that an individual intended to achieve,” in the form of a formula this can be presented as follows:

Self-esteem = aspirations / capabilities.

Self-esteem is interpreted as a personal formation that is directly involved in the regulation of human behavior and activity, as an autonomous characteristic of the individual, its central component, formed with the active participation of the individual himself and reflecting the originality of his inner world (http:psi.lib/detsad/sbor/saodshv. htm).

The origins of the ability to evaluate oneself are laid in early childhood, and its development and improvement occurs throughout a person’s life (No. 23).

According to many psychologists, personality structure and the foundations of self-esteem are formed in the first five years of a person’s life (No. 3, p. 103)

Usually, an opinion about oneself is based on the attitude of other people towards us (No. 10, p. 284). There are several sources of self-esteem formation that change the weight of significance at different stages of personality development: assessment of other people; circle of significant others or reference group; current comparison with others; - comparison of the real and ideal self (No. 27).

Self-esteem is also formed on the basis of assessing the results of one’s own activities, as well as on the basis of the relationship between real and ideal ideas about oneself (No. 16, p. 343).

Low self-esteem can be due to many reasons: it can be learned in childhood from parents who have not dealt with their personal problems; it can develop in a child due to poor performance at school; due to ridicule from peers or excessive criticism from adults; Personal problems and inability to behave in certain situations also form a person’s unflattering opinion of himself (No. 19, p. 484).

Sanford and Donovan, corroborating what C.T. Faulcan said, say that the assessment came from the outside - from parents "who reprimanded you, told you that you were bad, peers who made fun of your red hair, your nose or the fact that you couldn't do math quickly... No one can acquire low self-esteem in isolation, Sanford points out, and none of us can change it alone." (No. 27).

R. Burns speaks similarly on this matter: “If parents, acting as a social mirror for a child, show love, respect and trust in their treatment of him, the child gets used to treating himself as a person worthy of these feelings” (No. 3, p. 157).

I.Yu. Kulagina, V.N. Kolyutsky (No. 12, p. 272) emphasize that in children with high or low self-esteem, it is extremely difficult to change its level.

Coopersmith notes that to form a positive self-esteem, three conditions are necessary: ​​complete internal acceptance by parents of their child; clear and consistent requirements; respect for the child’s individuality within established limits (No. 3, p. 159)

Chuck T. Faulcan (No. 19, p. 485) says that if a person does what he loves, over time he gains experience and skill of which he has the right to be proud. This is one of the conditions that make up normal self-esteem. Each person creates for himself an image of an ideal “I”. It has qualities that are valuable in the eyes of parents, peers, teachers and people in authority (No. 10, p. 286). It may change depending on the environment. If actual qualities match or approach the ideal, the person will have high self-esteem.

A sober and objective attitude towards oneself forms the basis of normal self-esteem (No. 19, p. 485).

To summarize, we can conclude: self-esteem is a component of self-awareness, has a reflexive nature, includes such elements as: the image of the “real self”, the “ideal self”, the result of comparing these images and self-attitude to the result of the comparison. Self-esteem is a reflexive component of self-awareness that performs a regulatory function. Self-esteem is the attitude of an individual to the results of comparing his images of the real and ideal “I”.

II .Study of the influence of self-esteem on the social behavior of an individual

Self-esteem plays a very important role in organizing effective management of one’s behavior; without it, it is difficult or even impossible to determine one’s self in life (No. 27).

A person’s relationships with others, his criticality, self-demandingness, and attitude toward successes and failures depend on self-esteem. Self-esteem is closely related to the level of a person’s aspirations, that is, the degree of difficulty of the goals that he sets for himself. The discrepancy between a person’s aspirations and real capabilities leads to the fact that he begins to incorrectly evaluate himself, as a result of which his behavior becomes inadequate (emotional breakdowns, increased anxiety, etc. occur). Self-esteem receives objective expression in how a person evaluates the capabilities and results of the activities of others (for example, he belittles them with inflated self-esteem) (No. 34).

The first to identify the type of family situation that forms a positive self-concept in a child was Scott (No. 3, pp. 144-145). Having studied 1,800 teenagers, he found that those who have an atmosphere of mutual respect and trust between parents and children at home, a willingness to accept each other, are more adjusted in life, independent, and have higher self-esteem. On the contrary, teenagers from families where there is discord are less well adjusted.

Virginia N. Quinn speaks out on this issue as follows: “Children with low self-esteem lack self-confidence and have a poorly developed sense of self-worth. They are more likely to have difficulty communicating with other children, who, in turn, are reluctant to accept them. As a result, children with negative self-concepts often develop behavioral problems and are treated less favorably by peers, teachers, sports coaches, and other group leaders. And this “undermines” the self-esteem of such children even more. There have been cases when problems with the “I” concept that arose in the first grade affected the child’s entire future life” (No. 10, p. 285).

Thus, high self-esteem develops in children in families characterized by cohesion and solidarity. (No. 3, pp. 149-150) . The mother's attitude towards her husband is more positive here. In the eyes of a child, parents are always successful. He readily follows the behavioral patterns they set, persistently and successfully solves the daily tasks that confront him, as he feels confident in his abilities. He is less susceptible to stress and anxiety, and perceives the world around him and himself kindly and realistically.

Boys with high self-esteem have a higher level of aspirations (No. 3, p. 150). Thus, children with high self-esteem set higher goals for themselves and are more likely to achieve success. Conversely, children with low self-esteem are characterized by very modest goals and uncertainty about the possibility of achieving them.

Coopersmith (ibid., p. 150) describes boys with high self-esteem this way: they are independent, self-reliant, sociable, and convinced of the success of any task entrusted to them. This self-confidence helps them stick to their opinions, allows them to defend their views and judgments in controversial situations, and makes them receptive to new ideas. Self-confidence, along with a sense of self-worth, gives rise to conviction that one is right and courage to express one’s beliefs. This attitude and corresponding expectations provide them not only with a more independent status in social relations, but also with considerable creative potential and the ability for energetic and positive social actions. They usually take an active position in group discussions. By their own admission, they do not experience any particular difficulties when approaching new people, they are ready to express their opinion, knowing that it will be met with hostility. An important feature of children with high self-esteem is that they are less preoccupied with their internal problems.

“High self-esteem,” says R. Burns, “(No. 3, p. 151) ensures good mastery of the technique of social contacts, allows the individual to show his worth without making much effort. The child acquired the ability to cooperate in the family, the confidence that he is surrounded by love, care and attention. All this creates a solid foundation for his social development.”

The behavior of people with high self-esteem (No. 3, p. 151) is the opposite of the picture of behavior of people experiencing depression, well known to psychotherapists. The latter are characterized by passivity, lack of self-confidence, in the correctness of their observations and judgments; they do not find the strength to influence other people, resist them, and cannot easily and without internal hesitation express their opinion.

Poor self-esteem, Sanford and Donovan say, is at the root of many of the problems women may have, from overeating to alcoholism. “If we don't love ourselves, we marry men unworthy of us, choose jobs that are too easy for us, and make other mistakes, ranging from poisoning ourselves with drugs to too much tolerance, which is based on, Sanford notes, lies our opinion that we deserve it" (med-site.narod/wo67.htm). Research shows that self-deprecating (“if only…”) behaviors, such as focusing on one's shortcomings or exaggerating the importance of failure, are associated with depression. According to the American Psychological Association, low self-esteem is clearly an important factor in the development of depression. Low self-esteem has been cited as a factor influencing the high prevalence of depression among women, who suffer from depression twice as often as men.

“Self-esteem is an important factor, since it reflects a person’s confidence in his professional and personal strengths, his self-esteem and adequacy to what is happening. Optimal – high self-esteem (job-today/issue/s09_99_1.htm), self-respect with a sober (realistic) assessment of one’s capabilities and abilities. Low self-esteem leads to “learned helplessness” - a person gives up in advance in the face of difficulties and problems, since he is still not capable of anything. Inflated self-esteem is fraught with excessive demands for attention to one’s person and rash decisions.”

The Internet site (testonlaine.webservis/test/test3/index.php) says that a person with low self-esteem is not appreciated by anyone except his closest friends: “Uncertainty is a kind of signal for others, since no one knows a person better than he does.” himself, and he admits his insolvency in advance, thereby showing his uncertainty.”

Much of what a person does or refuses to do depends on the person's level of self-worth. T. Shibutani puts it this way: “Those who do not consider themselves particularly talented do not strive for very high goals and do not show grief when they fail to do something well... A person who thinks of himself as worthless worthless object, often reluctantly makes efforts to improve his lot. On the other hand, those who value themselves highly often tend to work under great stress. They consider it beneath their dignity to not work well enough (No. 22, p. 220).

L. Peplo, M. Miceli and B. Morali (No. 15, p. 274) express the opinion that low self-esteem can be both a cause and a consequence of loneliness. They say (ibid., p. 276) that low self-esteem is a certain set of opinions and behavior that interferes with the establishment or maintenance of satisfactory social relationships. People with low self-esteem interpret social interactions in a self-deprecating way. They tend to attribute failures in communication to internal, self-blaming factors. Such people react more strongly to calls for communication and refusal to communicate... Individuals with low self-esteem are especially responsive towards partners who are friends and are especially hostile towards partners who reject them... People with low self-esteem interpret ambiguous social exchanges to a greater extent as negative than people with high self-esteem.

“Low self-esteem,” continues L. Peploe, M. Miceli and B. Morali (p. 276), “affects people’s social behavior. People with low self-esteem experience greater social insecurity and are less prone to taking risks in social matters, and therefore less likely to form new relationships or deepen existing ones.”

The above authors (ibid., p. 277) conclude that low self-esteem is embodied in an interconnected set of self-deprecating cognitions and behaviors that distort social competence, putting people at risk of loneliness.

Cutrone, Russell, and Peploe found that self-esteem plays an important role in whether new college students experience only temporary loneliness or remain lonely for seven months. Students with high self-esteem, already at the beginning of the new academic year, are significantly more predisposed to overcoming their loneliness and successful social adjustment in college than students with low self-esteem (ibid., p. 277).

F. Zimbardo (No. 9, p. 282) writes that what we think about ourselves has a profound impact on our entire lives. “People who are aware of their own importance tend to spread an aura of satisfaction around themselves. They are less dependent on the support and approval of others because they have learned to stimulate themselves. Such people, with their enterprise and initiative, make the social mechanism rotate, and accordingly they get the lion's share of the benefits provided by society.

People with high self-esteem are not upset when they are criticized and do not fear rejection. They are more likely to be grateful for “constructive advice.” Having received a refusal, they do not perceive it as humiliation of their person. They consider the reasons for it differently: they should have made more efforts, not made a breakthrough; the request was excessive or, conversely, insignificant; the time and place were chosen poorly; the person who refused is suffering from some problems himself and therefore needs understanding. In any case, the reasons for refusal are not

How low self-esteem affects relationships with people

February 23, 2015

Most of us have friendships, don't we? In an ideal friendship, you and your friend have a great understanding of each other's value, and mutual respect prevails in the relationship. However, if you have low self-esteem, the friendship will not be balanced. Low self-esteem can negatively affect your choice of friends and prevent you from effectively leaving conflict situations. In addition, low self-esteem can cause obsession in relationships with new acquaintances.

The same is true for other relationships - professional, romantic, family, etc. If you do not respect yourself, do not value yourself as you are, then by your own ideas and intentions you will either attract people into your life who are not suitable for you or who treat you with disrespect, or allow people who are already in your life (for example , relatives) do not take into account your desires, values, and yourself. Why, because you yourself do not take into account your desires, values ​​and yourself...

To better understand how a lack of self-esteem can affect relationships with people, we need to define what the term “self-esteem” means. Discussions about self-esteem in society can be very confusing. Some people look down on those who talk about self-esteem and equate such topics with whining about dissatisfaction with life. Others believe that low self-esteem comes from discipline and inhibitions in childhood.

Lack of self-esteem and relationships

Self-esteem and its lack are formed somewhat more complexly than described above. For our purposes, consider the best definition offered by Dictionary.com: “a realistic image of a positive feeling about oneself; self-respect."

The word “realistic” is key here. Too little and you have low self-esteem, too much and you have problems with an inflated ego.

Problems with self-esteem can be formed due to many factors (from parental violence and training by a society that instills self-hatred from childhood, to unhappy love and an unfair boss) and affect you from time to time, making you think that you do not deserve good people, good events in your life and, in principle, get All, what do you want.

Signs of Low Self-Esteem in Friendships

Think your self-esteem needs a boost? The following are signs of low self-esteem in friendships.

Is this all about you? The good news is that you can change your self-esteem and improve your relationships. This process will require serious effort, diligent study and the ability to objectively evaluate oneself. This will not be easy and will require a lot of patience.

Obsessive behavior

Low self-esteem can affect the way you communicate with people. Every friendship has its own natural rhythm of development. Some people are able to instantly switch from existing friendships to new acquaintances, while others need time to create friendships.

If your self-esteem is low, you can speed up the process of developing a relationship and scare off a new friend or partner. Obsessiveness can also take the form of a panic about being alone, even briefly, or in the form of a refusal to form new connections.

Difficulty creating friendships

Your level of self-esteem can have a major impact on your ability to form new relationships. If you don't believe that you are worthy of good friends, you may begin to refuse offers to go to a party or meet for a cup of coffee. You may believe that as soon as you open up to someone, they will immediately form a negative impression of you, and as a result, you will stop trying.

This is a vicious circle and the only way to get out of the situation is to stop listening to the inner voice that says that no one wants to be your friend.

Low self-esteem and toxic friendships

Be careful about the type of friendships you make. Due to old habits and established ideas about the “comfort zone,” you could surround yourself with unsuitable people. If deep down you consider yourself unworthy of good friendship, there may be people in your life who underestimate and disrespect you.

The first thing you need to do is stop and give an objective assessment of your friendship. Do your friends make you feel bad? Let's find out how toxic friends behave:

• They say insulting and humiliating things to you,
• They constantly criticize you
• They are not interested in your opinion, only they have the right to vote. If you try to convey your point to them, they don't pay any attention to you,
• They only get in touch if they need something. If you need something, they won't be there.

To counter this pattern of things, move away from such people and make new acquaintances, but do not isolate yourself from society. It will take some time, but after getting rid of negative acquaintances and being around positive people, there will be a noticeable effect - the higher the quality of the people you keep in touch with, the more satisfaction you have in life.

Building self-esteem takes time and at times it may feel like you are slipping and falling back into negative relationships. Don't let facts like these derail your path to building high self-esteem. You deserve quality people in your life - learn to find them, be a decent person yourself, be sure to work it out, and over time, high self-esteem will become unconditional, regardless of who you are, what you are, what kind of connections you have with people, with what kind of people, and so on. And then real self-sufficiency is just around the corner.

The influence of self-esteem on learning success in primary school age

In educational activities, a junior schoolchild needs the ability to set goals and control his behavior, to manage himself. To manage yourself, you need knowledge about yourself and self-assessment. The process of forming self-control depends on the level of development of self-esteem. Younger schoolchildren can exercise self-control only under the guidance of an adult and with the participation of peers. Self-image is the basis of self-esteem in younger schoolchildren. The child’s self-awareness is realized in educational activities.

The child compares the level of his aspirations with the results of his activities and by comparing himself with other people. The higher the level of aspirations, the more difficult it is to satisfy them. Successes and failures in any activity significantly affect the assessment of one’s abilities in this type of activity: Failures tend to lower aspirations, while success increases them. The moment of comparison is no less important: when evaluating himself, an individual, voluntarily or involuntarily, compares himself with others, taking into account not only his own achievements, but also the entire social situation as a whole. A person’s overall self-esteem is also strongly influenced by his individual characteristics and how important the assessed quality or activity is to him.

The study of the role of self-esteem in cognitive activity found that the child attaches special importance to his intellectual capabilities, grade these he is always very worried about the possibilities of others. Thus, in the survey I conducted, none of the students (including those who were unsuccessful), listing the reasons for their insufficient or poor performance, referred to difficulties in understanding educational material, in mastering skills, methods of mental activity, etc. All children preferred to count themselves (and be considered) lazy, undisciplined, but no one attributed their failure to insufficient intellectual abilities.

Self-esteem is a complex dynamic personal formation, one of the parameters of mental activity. Inflated grades and self-esteem lead to the formation of such personality traits as self-confidence, arrogance, uncriticality, etc. Constant underestimation of a person by others and the individual himself creates timidity, lack of self-confidence, isolation, shyness, etc. Adequate assessment and self-esteem ensures a favorable emotional state, stimulates activity, and gives a person confidence in achieving his goals.

Children who have adequate self-esteem are active, resourceful, cheerful, with interest and independently look for their mistakes in their work, choose tasks that correspond to their capabilities. After success in solving a problem, they choose the same or more difficult one. After failure, they test themselves or take on a less difficult task.

Children with high adequate self-esteem are distinguished by their activity and desire to achieve success in educational activities. They are characterized by maximum independence. They are confident that through their own efforts they will be able to achieve success in their educational activities. This is based on correct self-assessment of your capabilities and abilities. Inadequate low self-esteem in younger schoolchildren is clearly manifested in their behavior and personality traits. Children choose easy tasks. They seem to protect their success, are afraid of losing it, and because of this, they are somewhat afraid of the educational activity itself. The normal development of children with low self-esteem is hampered by their increased self-criticism and lack of self-confidence. They are only waiting for failure.

These children are very sensitive to approval, to anything that would increase their self-esteem.

Children with high self-esteem overestimate their capabilities, the results of educational activities, and personal qualities. They choose tasks that are beyond their capabilities. After failure, they continue to insist on their own or immediately switch to the easiest task, driven by the motive of prestige.

A junior schoolchild’s stable self-esteem shapes his level of aspirations. At the same time, the younger student has a need to maintain both self-esteem and the level of aspirations based on it.

Knowing a person’s self-esteem is very important for establishing relationships with him, for normal communication, in which people, as social beings, inevitably engage. It is especially important to consider the child’s self-esteem. Like everything in him, it is still being formed and therefore, to a greater extent than in an adult, is susceptible to influence and change.

Determining the influence of self-esteem of a primary school student on educational success.

The hypothesis of the study was the assumption that self-esteem influences learning success: throughout primary school age, the dynamics of the development of self-esteem are observed; initially, the success of learning affects self-esteem, and then self-esteem affects the success of learning.

The effectiveness of a student’s educational activities depends not only on a system of well-learned knowledge and mastery of mental activity techniques, but also on the level of self-esteem.

To study self-esteem, I used the A.I. method. Lipkina "Three assessments".

Students are encouraged to complete any learning task in writing. The teacher gives three grades to the students' work: adequate, overestimated, underestimated. Before handing out notebooks, students are told: “Three teachers from different schools checked your work. Each had their own opinion about the completed task, and therefore they gave different grades. Circle the one you agree with."

Then, in an individual conversation with students, the answers to the following questions are clarified:

1. What kind of student do you consider yourself: average, weak or strong?

2. Your work deserves a grade of “3”, but the teacher gave you a “5”. Will you be happy about this or will it upset you?

3. Which grades make you happy and which ones make you sad?

The level of self-esteem of schoolchildren is determined based on the data obtained on the following indicators:

– coincidence or discrepancy of self-assessment with an adequate assessment of the teacher;

– nature of self-assessment argumentation:

a) argumentation aimed at the quality of the work performed;

b) any other argument.

– stability or instability of self-esteem, which is judged by the degree of agreement between the grade given to oneself and the answers to the questions posed.

Self-esteem influences the success of learning; throughout primary school age, the dynamics of the development of self-esteem is observed; the following studies have been conducted:

1. Based on the results of the second grade, out of 41 students, 36 had grades of “4” and “5” in mathematics, and 5 people had satisfactory grades in mathematics.

How people evaluate themselves directly determines how they live their lives. People with low self-esteem struggle enormously to achieve success and happiness, mainly because they themselves do not feel worthy of it.

Lack of self-worth affects every area of ​​life, especially relationships with other people. People with low self-esteem often abuse alcohol or drugs because it offers a temporary solution to problems, but in the long term it only results in suffering and addiction.

Definition of self-esteem

Self-esteem is a term used in psychology to describe how a person evaluates the importance and worth of their own personality. It can also be described as general confidence and satisfaction with one's life. The terms "self-esteem" and "self-worth" are usually used interchangeably; although self-esteem is usually a more stable and lasting feeling than a sense of self-worth.

Reasons for low self-esteem

Here are some of the most common causes of low self-esteem:

• If a person suffered abuse as a child, it can seriously affect how they feel about themselves in the future. Children lack the knowledge and experience to understand the situation, so they end up blaming themselves. And then the feeling that something is wrong with them remains and goes with them into adulthood. Physical, emotional or sexual abuse can have long-term effects on a child's self-esteem.
• If parents do not make a child feel valued and important, he or she will develop low self-esteem. Often the problem is not what parents said, but what they didn't say. Children are very sensitive to the world around them and are in great need of care. If young people feel they don't measure up to their parents' standards, they are less likely to feel valued.
• Being overly critical when growing up leaves psychological scars. People who are constantly told that they are losers eventually begin to believe it.
• How people interact with their peers is also important for self-esteem. One of the most important functions of a peer group is feedback. Negative feedback can leave deep scars on a teenager's soul.
• Having become a victim of racism or prejudice, a person usually changes the way he views himself.
• Those who experience problems with their appearance easily develop feelings of low self-esteem. In today's world, there is too much emphasis on physical beauty and the media is largely responsible for this obsession. Feeling unattractive leads to low self-esteem.
• When people fail to fit in, it negatively affects their self-esteem. A lack of sense of community with others is especially common among those who lack a sense of self-worth.

Problems of low self-esteem

Those dealing with low self-esteem may face the following problems:

• Failure to value yourself leads to failure to take care of yourself. The person sees no point in making special efforts to take care of his body and soul and is likely to suffer from poor physical and mental health. Low self-esteem can even cause premature death.
• Lack of self-belief limits your potential. A person may be reluctant to put in the necessary effort to achieve a dream because they do not believe it will bring results. Such people are convinced that mediocrity is all they deserve.
• People with low self-esteem often turn to alcohol or drugs as a way to escape their own problems.
• And they are more likely than others to find themselves in relationships that involve mental or physical abuse because they feel that such relationships are all they deserve.
• When people don't value themselves, they easily succumb to pressure and influence from others. Many people who fall into dangerous cults suffer from low self-esteem.
• These people may find it difficult to trust others. They believe that anyone who tries to help them has ulterior motives. Or they go to the other extreme and trust unworthy people too much.
• These people are extremely insecure about relationships. Those who don't value themselves have a hard time believing that other people can value them.

Symptoms of Low Self-Esteem

A person with low self-esteem can be seen by their behavior. Here are some of the symptoms:

• Fear of change and uncertainty. Such a person is unwilling to take the risks necessary to achieve success in life.
• The tendency to believe that other people think poorly of them. More often than not, this assumption turns out to be incorrect.
• People with low self-esteem tend to see everything in black and white. Everything is either right or wrong. This principle of thinking is questionable because there are enough areas and gray in life. This rigid way of thinking leads to ignorance, intolerance and a general feeling of unhappiness.
• Belittling one's merits. A little self-irony is charming, but some people have nothing nice to say about themselves.
• When people have low self-esteem, they are always suspicious of other people's motives.
• Having high expectations from other people, followed by disappointment and a feeling of being let down, upsets them. People with low self-esteem can often seem to expect too much from others and too little from themselves.
• Low self-esteem leads to jealousy in relationships.
• Such people, even if they achieve something, still feel dissatisfied.
• They don't really like compliments and doubt the sincerity of those who give them.
• These people may need constant care, which can put pressure on their relationships. They also tend to choose unsuitable partners for themselves.

Addiction and low self-esteem

Low self-esteem is one of the characteristics of a dependent personality. When people start using alcohol or drugs, it increases their self-confidence and their concern about what others think of them decreases. And the person begins to rely on psychoactive substances in order to somehow cope with life. With the advent of addiction, a person’s life is rapidly destroyed, since now his self-esteem is at an all-time low. In Alcoholics Anonymous, a similar situation goes like this: “Alcohol gave me wings, but then it took away the sky.” At the same time, low self-esteem continues to keep people trapped in addiction.

Underage children, drug abuse and low self-esteem

Children with low self-esteem are much more likely to abuse alcohol or drugs. They are more likely to give in to peer pressure, and are less likely to stay away when their friends start experimenting with alcohol or drugs. The idea of ​​escaping reality is more attractive to them because this way they can escape from themselves.

Teens who start using alcohol or drugs at an early age have a much greater risk of developing addiction in the future.

How to increase self-esteem

Here's a list to help you boost your self-esteem:

• Awareness of inner thoughts. The "mental chatter" in your head is often the real source of the problem. Practicing mindfulness meditation () will help you understand what is happening with your thinking model. Once the problem is identified, it is much easier to deal with it. Try “love and kindness meditation” - it's a great way to boost your self-esteem!
• It is essential to learn to challenge your faulty thinking. For example, if you suddenly decide that someone doesn’t like you, you need to impartially study the situation and understand whether there is objective confirmation of this. If you don't have the ability to read minds, you won't be able to know what other people think about you. There is no point in forever assuming that others are thinking about you all the time and necessarily in a bad way.
• Helping other people is a great way to build self-esteem. This helps a person feel needed and also means that they will spend less time judging themselves.
• You can replace your negative thinking patterns with more positive ways of interacting with the world. Keeping a Gratitude Diary and focusing on the positive moments in life helps a lot with this. It is important to question any statements that start with “I should” that pop into your head. It's usually just a means of making themselves feel guilty for something they don't do.
• Learning to accept the fact that other people can make mistakes will help a person accept their own shortcomings. Nobody is perfect. Each of us is good enough. Relax and live happily and soberly! 😊