Broad-spectrum antifungal drugs. Systemic antimycotics: a list of new generation antifungals Broad-spectrum antifungals for humans

All patients with ringworm tend to opt for topical, topical treatment of the affected areas of the skin. In some cases, this tactic is really successful. But often after local treatment, mycosis returns and with each relapse it becomes more difficult to get rid of it. In this case, treatment with oral systemic drugs is used.

How the drugs work

Broad-spectrum antifungal drugs in tablets are produced on the basis of synthetic antimycotics. Their action is based on the destruction of the membrane of the fungus, increasing its permeability, reducing the ability to reproduce the colony.

Some fungi develop resistance to certain antimycotics faster than others. Therefore, incomplete treatment may result in the next time you have to select a drug with a different active substance.

The popularity and need for antimycotics is now growing faster, because more and more patients prefer home self-treatment, prescribe antibiotics on their own, take them incorrectly and, as a result, inhibit their own microflora of the body.

Another reason for the popularity of antimycotics is the general decrease in immunity against the background of seasonal respiratory infectious diseases, an unhealthy lifestyle, and chronic diseases.

Consider which broad-spectrum antifungal tablets are most often prescribed today, their action and contraindications.

Polyena

Polyenes represent the class of drugs with the broadest spectrum of activity among all antimycotics. Popular drugs from this group are nystatin, levorin, natamycin. They show their activity against Candida, Trichomonas, and other protozoa.

Resistance to polyenes is shown by dermatomycetes, pseudo-allescheria, therefore polyenes are used for mycoses of the gastrointestinal tract, mucous membranes, and skin.

Nystatin

Highly active drug against fungi of the Candida family. It is not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, but in the last period other drugs have come to replace it, although in their absence it is also prescribed.

Indications for use are candidiasis of the skin, mucous membranes of the oral cavity and pharynx, intestinal tract, stomach. In addition, it is prescribed for the treatment of candidiasis after prolonged treatment with antibiotics based on penicillin and tetracycline. It is prescribed to some patients after surgery on the digestive tract to prevent the development of the fungus.

Contraindication to use is only an individual allergic reaction to the drug. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever.

Levorin

It shows the greatest activity against Candida Albicanis, it is also used against the simplest organisms - Leishmania, amoeba, Trichomonas. It is also used in the treatment of prostate adenoma - when using Levorin, a decrease in the size of the adenoma is noted.

Indications for use are candidiasis of the skin, oropharynx, intestines, carriage of the Candida fungus, mycoses of the gastrointestinal tract.

Contraindicated for use in case of insufficiency of kidney or liver function, in acute intestinal pathologies, non-mycotic nature, during ulcers, pancreatitis, pregnancy. During breastfeeding, it is prescribed only by decision of the attending physician and with careful observation of the patient.

Pimafucin

An antibiotic of an antifungal nature with a pronounced fungicidal effect. Sensitivity to Pimafucin is shown by pathogenic yeast fungi, molds, including:

Candida
Penicillium;
Aspergillus;
Fusarium.

Pimafucin in the form of tablets begins to dissolve only in the intestines, therefore it has practically no effect on other body systems. Indications for use are thrush, atrophic candidiasis, intestinal mycosis, carriage after long-term treatment with corticosteroids, cytostatics, antibiotics. Not prohibited during pregnancy.

Among the contraindications, only individual intolerance. Adverse reactions include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, which usually disappear after a few days and do not require discontinuation of the drug.

Azoles

Azoles include synthetic antimycotics, and this group is considered the most effective. It is represented by ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole. The first of them has already lost its popularity due to increased toxicity, but its counterparts in safer forms continue to be used.

Ketoconazole

The drug is based on the active substance with the same name. Shows a therapeutic effect in relation to yeast fungi, higher and dimorphic, dermatophytes.

Assign for infectious diseases of the skin, hair, mucous membranes. Ketoconazole is prescribed only in case of large areas of fungal infection. Effective in chronic candidiasis, dermatophytosis, lichen, folliculitis.

Among the contraindications are the presence of any diseases of the kidneys, liver, the period of bearing a child and breastfeeding, children under three years of age, treatment with hepatotoxic drugs, as well as during the menopause.

Side effects are manifested in the form of pain in the abdomen, nausea, poor appetite, urge to vomit. Drowsiness, dizziness, anemia, leukopenia, impotence, dysmenorrhea, urticaria, photodermatitis are noted.

Itraconazole

Analogues of the drug are Itrazol, Orungal, Orunit, Irunin. Tablets are effective against yeast fungi, dermatophytes, mold. The first therapeutic effect can be assessed only a month after the start of treatment.

Indications for use are vulvocandidiasis, keratomycosis, ringworm, onychomycosis, aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, versicolor, mycosis of the oropharynx. It is also prescribed for sporotrichosis, blastomycosis, histaplasmosis and other types of fungal infections.

Contraindications are high individual sensitivity, pregnancy and lactation, insufficiency of kidney and liver function, abnormalities in the functioning of the hearing aid, severe pathologies of the lungs and bronchi.

Adverse reactions include leukopenia, hypokalemia, thrombocytopenia, anaphylactic reactions, edema, headaches, neuropathy, dizziness, vomiting, constipation, tinnitus, lack of concentration, hepatitis. Erythema, photodermatitis, myalgia, urticaria, erectile dysfunction, amenorrhea, arthralgia are also noted.

Fluconazole

Its popular analogues are Diflucan, Mikomax, Flucostat. Violate the growth of fungal colonies, reduce their ability to reproduce.

Indications:

Systemic candidiasis affecting the organs of the respiratory system, peritoneum, eyes, reproductive system.
Cryptococcal lesions - infectious infection of the skin, blood, lungs, meningitis. Candidiasis of the mucous membranes, genitals, and also as a prophylaxis of mycosis in cancer patients.
With diseases of the fungus of the skin of the foot, nails, with pityriasis versicolor.

Among the side effects are typical phenomena for antimycotics - diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, dizziness, leukopenia, erythema, urticaria. Such drugs are taken only during meals, and washed down with plenty of water.

Allylamines

This group of drugs is most often used in the treatment of dermatomycosis of various etiologies and onychomycosis at any stage. Analogues are Bramisil, Lamisil, Terbinox, Terbinafine.

Allylamines exhibit an extensive action against most fungal diseases of the hair, nails, skin, and in small concentrations they are able to fight dimorphic and mold fungi.

Indications for use are fungal infections on the scalp, onychomycosis, fungal infections of the skin of the feet, legs, elbows, neck. With multi-colored lichen, it practically does not show activity orally.

Adverse reactions include lupus, headache, taste distortion, dyspepsia, nausea, poor appetite, diarrhea, myalgia, and psoriasis-like rashes. Prohibited for use in patients with severe liver and kidney failure, pregnant and lactating mothers.

Take orally, regardless of meals, washed down with water. The use of alcoholic beverages during therapy with such drugs is strictly contraindicated.

Fungal infections are among the actual and not fully resolved problems of modern medicine. According to statistics provided by the World Health Organization, about 90% of the population has experienced fungal diseases at least once in their lives.

At the same time, a third of all diagnosed cases account for foot mycosis. In order to treat these ailments, various ones have been created in tablets, in the form of ointments, sprays and varnishes.

In the medical field, all fungal diseases of the legs, depending on the type of pathogen, are usually divided into two categories: athlete's foot and rubrophytosis. In the area of damage to fungal pathogens are mainly the soles, the back of the foot and the skin between the fingers.

Factors that can provoke infection with a fungus are:

cracks and abrasions in the interdigital area, which occur against the background or dryness of the skin, regular use of uncomfortable shoes;
vascular diseases;
a decrease in the body's defenses and frequent stressful situations.

People who are in close contact with patients undergoing treatment for these ailments, as well as active visitors to public places such as saunas, baths and pools, are at risk of contracting onychomycosis and athlete's foot. The fungus is very resistant to negative environmental factors, so you can get infected even in places that are regularly disinfected.

The fact that it's time to use an antifungal agent in tablets or in the form of a cream will be indicated by the characteristic symptoms that can be observed already in the first days after infection. So, the first signs of a fungal infection are represented by the appearance of cracks and peeling, reddening of the skin and severe itching.

The main signs of nail fungus include:

the acquisition of a white, yellow, brown or black shade by the nail plate;
crumbling of the nail;
thickening or thinning of the nail plate;
deformation of the shape of the nail.

Features of modern treatment of nail and foot fungus

When identifying the above signs, you should immediately consult a doctor who can choose an effective treatment. In the early stages of the disease, patients are prescribed topical sprays and creams that are designed directly to act on the fungus and do not cause severe side effects.

For the treatment of advanced forms of the disease, accompanied by signs of deep damage, deformation and peeling of the nail plate, broad-spectrum antifungal drugs are prescribed in tablets.

Almost all antifungal tablets are dispensed without a prescription, but it is not recommended to self-medicate with onychomycosis and mycosis of the foot, since the use of the wrong drug and an irresponsible approach to treatment are fraught with deterioration.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that all antifungal antibiotics in tablets have a number of contraindications and can provoke unwanted side effects. This is the reason for the need for a preliminary consultation with a specialist who will determine the duration of treatment and optimal dosages.

The success of treatment depends largely on the patient, who must strictly follow the recommendations of the attending physician, not stop treatment and not skip medications. Otherwise, there is a high risk of recurrence of the disease.

All modern antifungal tablets for skin and nails can be divided into several groups:

Polyenes;
Azoles;
Allylamines.

The first category includes all broad-spectrum antifungal tablets, represented by Nystatin, Nitamycin, Levorin and Amphotericin B. Recently, Nitsatin tablets, which are prescribed for candidal lesions of the skin and mucosa, are used less and less in the treatment. During treatment, patients may experience allergic reactions, bouts of nausea and vomiting, and abdominal pain.

More effective against fungal infections caused by Candida fungi is Levorin. But its appointment is not recommended for patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency, as well as gastric ulcer.

Another highly effective broad-spectrum antifungal tablet with fungicidal properties is represented by Pimafucin, to which almost all mold pathogenic yeast fungi are sensitive. The first doses of an antibiotic may be accompanied by a significant deterioration in the condition, nausea, vomiting and dizziness, which, as a rule, disappear in the course of treatment.

Cope with life-threatening progressive fungal infections, disseminated forms of candidiasis and fungal sepsis will help Amphotericin B, which is prescribed only in conditions of urgent need.

Popular drugs for the fungus

No less effective are the drugs belonging to the second group and including various topical agents and antifungal tablets. Reviews coming from people who managed to cope with a fungal infection on the nails and feet make it possible to separately highlight drugs such as Ketoconazole, Itraconazole and Fluconazole.

The listed antimycotics allow you to cope not only with fungal infections of the nail plates and skin, but also with mucosal candidiasis and various types of lichen.

If the causative agent of the disease belongs to dermatophytes, higher fungi or yeast-like fungi, which can be established during an instrumental examination, then the patient is prescribed treatment with Ketoconazole or its analogues.

Often, the use of the drug is also due to the ineffectiveness of the local effect on fungal spores associated with deep damage to the nail plates or skin.

Unfortunately, Ketoconazole is a rather strong antifungal pill that should not be taken during pregnancy and lactation, as well as in patients with kidney or liver failure.

During treatment, the patient may experience nausea, vomiting, headaches and serious disorders of the cardiovascular and genitourinary systems, so it is strongly not recommended to use the drug without a doctor's prescription.

These include the well-known Fluconazole and its analogues, prescribed for generalized candidiasis, systemic infection with the Cryptococcus fungus, foot mycosis, onychomycosis and lichen.

For and mycosis of the foot, drugs of the third group are also prescribed, including synthetic antifungal tablets for nails. Reviews allow you to highlight a drug such as Terbinafine.

Tablets have a wide spectrum of action and allow you to cope with dermatophytes and other fungi that are the causative agents of many diseases of the skin, hair and nails.

Summing up, it can be noted that it is quite difficult to determine which antifungal pills are better, because the appointment of a successful treatment should include a mandatory examination of the patient to determine the nature of the infectious agent and the individual characteristics of the organism.

Only in this case will it be possible to choose the best antifungal tablets that will please with positive results and will not have a negative effect on the body.

Video about pills from the fungus

Therapy of any fungal lesions is impossible without the use of medicines, but for effective healing it is recommended to use only effective and high-quality antifungal drugs. The combination of efficiency and quality does not mean the purchase of expensive medicines. On the pharmacy shelves, there are quite inexpensive medicines against the fungus, which are characterized by fast action and high efficiency. In the treatment of mycosis, analogues of expensive drugs can be used, which give the same result as the original drugs.

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Differences and features of antifungal medicines

Depending on the duration of mycosis, the presence of a concomitant disease, the volume of the affected skin surface and the nature of the manifestations of the fungus, antimycotic drugs are selected.

The forms of release of such medicines are quite diverse - they are available in the form of ointments, tablets, solutions, gels and suppositories. This diversity allows for the treatment of both external forms of mycosis (nail plates on the hands and feet, feet, genitals), and internal fungal manifestations. Antifungal agents in tablets can have a systemic effect; creams, gels, sprays and ointments are used for local therapy.

Treatment of a fungus with one drug most often does not bring the expected result, because several types of pathogens often settle on the body at the same time. For this reason, the doctor usually prescribes complex therapy for the fungus.

The cost of some drugs is relatively low due to the absence of costs for the invention of the active ingredient or the original formula, brand markup, etc. Domestic products are cheaper than foreign counterparts

Groups of the most effective antifungal drugs

Depending on the antifungal agents present in the composition and their pharmacological effects, several groups of antifungal drugs are distinguished.

Polyena

The first group of antimycotics are polyenes, which act on most of the pathogenic microflora.

Preparations included in the polyene group of antimycotics for internal use:

Name of the drug	Tool description	Price	Photo of medication
Nystatin	One of the cheapest preparations of the polyene group. The tool is very effective in the treatment of mycotic lesions such as Candida of the gastrointestinal tract, epithelium and mucous membranes of the larynx, resulting from prolonged use of antibiotics or after surgery. Contraindication - hypersensitivity to the drug. Very rarely, adverse reactions such as fever, histamine reaction and a painful condition of the gastrointestinal tract can occur.	from 60 rub
Levorin	A modern antifungal medicine that also acts on amoebas, Trichomonas and Leishmania. It is used for the treatment of mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, candidiasis of the epithelium, larynx and oral cavity, and in the complex therapy of prostatic hypertrophy in men. It is forbidden to take patients with liver or kidney failure, inflammation of the gallbladder and exacerbation of peptic ulcers, as well as women during pregnancy. Adverse reactions are loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. In rare cases, allergic reactions to individual components of the product may occur.	100 - 130 rubles
Pimafucin	The antibiotic effectively affects yeast mycoses Penicillium, Candida, Cephalosporium, Fusarium. It is used to treat candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract, ears, vagina and atrophic candidiasis while taking antibacterial drugs and hormonal agents. When taken orally, Pimafucin tablets act only in the stomach, without systemic effects in the body. May be used during breastfeeding and pregnancy. Side effects are minor - nausea, indigestion, which disappear after 1-2 doses.	about 250 rubles
Amphotericin B	The release form of the drug is a powder for the preparation of infusions. A strong antimycotic drug that is prescribed for severe forms of life-threatening mycotic lesions - peritonitis, disseminated varieties of candidiasis, sepsis provoked by a fungus, inflammation and infection of internal organs. It has a fungistatic and fungicidal effect. Violates the permeability of the membrane, resulting in the release of intracellular substances into the extracellular space and lysis of the fungus	from 30 to 50 rubles

Azoles

Drugs included in the azole group of antimycotics are inexpensive antifungal agents of synthetic origin.

Medicine name	Tool description	Price	Photo of the drug
Ketoconazole	One of the very cheap drugs for fighting fungi. It belongs to the group of azoles (the best medicines for the fungus of the nail plates of the epithelium, individual strains of lichen and hair). As part of the drug, such an active substance as imidazoledioxolane. This antibiotic is effective in the treatment of higher, yeast-like, dimorphic mycoses and dermatophytes. The use of antifungal tablets is recommended for chronic forms of candidiasis, folliculitis, recurrent vaginal mycosis and versicolor. The drug is more effective in the fight against a fungus that is resistant to other antimycotics. Contraindication - chronic diseases of internal organs. Adverse reactions such as jumps in blood pressure and allergic reactions in the form of rashes, indigestion and nausea, drowsiness and dizziness were observed.	from 100 rubles for 10 tablets
Itraconazole	Chemical antimycotic capsules are effective against a wide range of fungal strains such as yeasts, molds and dermatophytes. Using the remedy, it is possible to defeat vaginal and vulvocandidiasis, ringworm, keratomycosis, multi-colored lichen and candidiasis of the oral mucosa, mycosis of the nail plates and cryptococcosis, blastomycosis and sporotrichosis, as well as histaplasmosis. It is contraindicated to take the medicine during pregnancy and lactation. Possible adverse reactions in the form of vision problems and skin rashes, as well as menstrual irregularities in women	about 285 rubles for 14 capsules
Fluconazole	One of the most effective antifungal agents, preventing the growth of the fungus in the body and opposing their replication. Recommended for the treatment of candidiasis of the genitourinary system, candidiasis of the respiratory tract, generalized candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract, sepsis, candidiasis of the mucous eyes, meningitis caused by Cryptococcus fungi, candidiasis of the larynx, mouth and lower respiratory systems, candidiasis of the genitals, onychomycosis and mycosis of the skin of the feet, mycosis of the epithelium and pityriasis versicolor . It is not recommended for use during lactation, it is prescribed with caution to women during pregnancy and people with heart disease. Possible side effects - an allergic reaction and digestive problems, if there is an individual sensitivity	about 24 rubles for 7 tablets
Mycomax	The antifungal drug disrupts the synthesis of the cell walls of the pathogenic fungus, as a result of which the development of the infection stops. The drug is effective in case of damage to the body by fungi of the genus Candida (Candida), Mycosporum, Cryptococcus or Trichophyton. Mycomax is prescribed for the treatment of thrush, mycoses of the feet, body, groin, pityriasis versicolor and nail fungus. Effective in the fight against candidomycosis of the mucous membranes of the mouth, esophagus, meningitis. Contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, the presence of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug and the age of up to 3 years (capsules)	from 230 rubles for 3 capsules

It is important to remember that the preparations of the azole group are recommended to be taken with food, drinking plenty of water. Antimycotics are incompatible and prohibited for simultaneous administration with Terfenadine, Pimozide, Quinidine, Astemizol and Lovastatin.

alliamids

This group includes synthetic drugs that can remove the fungus from the body. Alliamids affect dermatomycosis - infectious fungi of the epithelium, nail plates and hairline.

Terbinafine is a synthetic broad-spectrum drug used in the treatment of fungal infections of the epidermis, nails and hair caused by fungi and dermatophytes of filamentous fungi. Even a low concentration of the agent can completely kill all types of dermatophytes and molds, as well as types of dimorphic, yeast-like (Candida albicans), yeast fungi.

The drug acts on yeast fungi both in a fungicidal (completely destroying mycosis) and fungicidal (slowing down their growth) method, depending on the variety of microorganisms being destroyed.

It is contraindicated to take the drug to persons with chronic diseases of the kidneys and liver, women during lactation and pregnancy. Possible side effects in the form of allergic rashes, taste bud disorders, headaches and problems with digestion. The drug is taken orally, regardless of the meal. The product is incompatible with alcohol. The price of the drug is from 48 rubles.

Antifungal capsules and tablets require prior appointment by a specialist. During treatment, it is possible to control blood biochemistry. Self-reducing the dose of the drug and stopping therapy is unacceptable. This can provoke the development of resistant strains of the fungus, causing a relapse of the disease.

Echinocandins

The mechanism of action of this group of drugs is unique among antifungal drugs. The powerful action of echinocandins is directed at the cell wall of the fungus, which gives them an advantage because they do not have cross-resistance with other drugs.

Preparations of this group are used in the treatment of various forms of candidiasis, aspergillosis and other mycoses. Available only for intravenous administration. The most common are Caspofungin (used for severe forms of candidiasis as prescribed by a doctor, as it has many contraindications) and Anidulafungin (prohibited for use under 18 years of age, during pregnancy, with liver diseases).

Caspofungin

pyramids

Antimycotics of this group have a wide spectrum of action. They penetrate inside the fungal cell and disrupt the synthesis of proteins important for fungi, destroying their DNA. Pyramids are used to treat complicated candidiasis, cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, chromoblastomycosis.

The representative of this group is the drug Flucytosine (Ankotil), produced in the form of tablets and solution for injection. The drug is usually used together with amphotericin B in the treatment of complicated fungal diseases. Price from 224 rubles.

Flucytosine

A remedy for severe forms of mycosis - a natural antimycotic from the group of grisans

Means Griseofulvin belongs to the group of grisans (non-polyene antibiotics), effective in the fight against dermatomycetes. This is the best cure for fungus. Treatment with the drug is effective in the most severe forms of fungal diseases. But the treatment of mild mycotic manifestations with this remedy is not justified.

The following strains are susceptible to Griseofulvin:

Achorionum;
Trichophyton;
epidermophyton;
microsporum.

A medicine is prescribed for the treatment of microsporia of nails and hair, epithelium, trichophytosis, dermatomycosis, epidermophytosis. Do not take children under 2 years of age and patients with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and blood, with oncology, during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Side effects are possible from the nervous and digestive systems, with individual sensitivity to the ingredients of the drug, allergic manifestations are possible. Price - from 250 to 350 rubles.

You cannot self-medicate. If the antimycotic is chosen incorrectly, then it will not bring the expected effect, and its long-term use can cause skin rashes and damage to internal organs.

Medicines for children

If there is candidal stomatitis (thrush) in a child, then drugs are usually prescribed in the form of tablets or plates. When treating a fungal infection in the organs of vision, the doctor will rely on the use of a suspension containing nystatin. Mycosis of the nail plates in a child is treated with a special varnish that neutralizes fungal colonies, creating a protective film on the nail.

If large lesions of the fungus occur in children, systemic therapy is used. Systemic drugs include:

Terbinafine (from 48 rubles);
Fluconazole (from 24 rubles);
Mikoseptin (from 348 rubles).

In pediatrics, self-treatment with antifungal agents is not allowed, because drugs have a number of contraindications and side effects. The optimal treatment plan should be drawn up only by a qualified doctor.

Treatment of fungal diseases is not complete without the course use of drugs. Moreover, a good and effective drug is not always very expensive, the pharmacy presents a lot of effective medicines at a reasonable price.

Moreover, doctors sometimes prescribe high-quality analogues of expensive drugs that give no less rapid results than the original pills. A noticeable improvement in the condition, the positive dynamics of the disease can be achieved with strict adherence to the doctor's instructions.

What is this article about?

Features of antifungal drugs

Preparations for the fungus are selected depending on the type of infection, the duration of the pathological process, the location and volume of the affected surface. There are various forms of release of medicines, these can be antifungal drugs for internal use, ointments, suppositories, solutions, gels.

A variety of forms of medicines makes it possible to get rid of the external forms of mycoses, the internal manifestations of the fungus. The maximum result is visible under the condition of complex exposure, the tablets are combined with the use of external agents.

The use of only one drug does not ensure recovery, since several types of pathogens usually settle on the body at once. Fungi easily adapt to any conditions, develop resistance to various active substances.

Patients should not independently prescribe treatment for themselves, this can cause a mutation of the fungus, the development of more resistant forms. Tablets are recommended for confirmed pathologies:

foot mycosis;
onychomycosis;
yeast infections of the skin;
epidermophytosis;
fungi of the scalp;
lichen.

The action of medicines is aimed at suppressing and destroying pathogens, stopping further spread. Some drugs are great at fighting dermatophytes, while others help cure yeast fungi.

All medicines equally adversely affect the causative agents of a fungal infection. They destroy cells, increase the permeability of the membrane. After penetration into the nucleus, metabolic processes are inhibited, the death of the fungal flora occurs. As part of universal means, active substances that destroy all pathogenic microorganisms at once.

Treatment with tablets against fungi provides for a preliminary diagnosis of the body.

In the process of therapy, it is necessary to control the biochemistry of the blood, it is strictly forbidden to interrupt the course, to arbitrarily change the dosage.

Classification of funds from the fungus

Antifungal tablets are usually classified depending on the chemical structure, spectrum of action, purpose. The most popular and widespread at the moment are the drugs of the group of polyenes, azoles, allylamines.

Polyena

Medicines have a wide spectrum of action, are presented in the form of ointments, tablets. Often they are used to treat candidiasis of the skin. Most often, patients are prescribed: Nystatin, Levorin, Pimafucin.

Nystatin

Nystatin is also produced in the form of an ointment, the remedy is indicated for the treatment of candidiasis.

Tablets have practically no contraindications, side effects include allergic reactions of the body.

The duration of therapy is from 10 to 14 days, with a severe course of a fungal disease, the doctor develops an individual therapy regimen. The average cost of Nystatin is 40 rubles. The drug is released without a prescription.

Tablets are used for candidiasis of the skin, they work against Trichomonas. Doctors call contraindications children's age up to 2 years, the period of pregnancy, breastfeeding, kidney and liver failure.

The price of tablets is about 100-150 rubles, the cost depends on factors:

dosage;
manufacturer;
trade markup.

Levorin is not prescribed for intestinal ulcers, diseases of the digestive system.

Pimafucin

This medication has an effect on many pathogenic fungi that affect the human body. Pimafucin is recommended for candidiasis, it is used to treat pathological conditions caused by long-term use of antibiotics and corticosteroid hormones. For the packaging of the medicine, the patient will need to pay from 250 rubles.

Azoles

Azoles - synthetic drugs, are prescribed for the treatment of mycosis of the scalp, skin, fingernails and toenails, various forms of lichen. Ketoconazole, Fluconazole have proven themselves well.

Ketoconazole

An inexpensive medication is aimed at destroying the infection:

dimorphic, yeast-like fungi;
dermatophytes;
depriving;
chronic candidiasis;
seborrheic dermatitis.

Often, tablets are used to get rid of the fungus of the head, skin, especially with a high degree of damage, the presence of resistance to other antifungal drugs. The price of a package of medicine varies in the range of 100-170 rubles.

Fluconazole

A strong antimycotic has a wide spectrum of action, the use is justified for candidiasis, lichen, onychomycosis. Capsules are prescribed with caution during pregnancy, pathologies of the gastrointestinal system, liver, kidneys. The cost is not higher than 50 rubles.

Allylamines

Antifungal drugs are prescribed against dermatomycosis of nails, hair, integument. A prominent representative of this group is Terbinafine.

Terbinafine

Tablets are called the best remedy against fungi, an antimycotic of synthetic origin, used to get rid of onychomycosis, mycosis of the skin, scalp.

A modern fungicidal drug is quite strong, it is taken with caution in diseases of the kidneys, liver, especially of a chronic nature. The remedy is drunk regardless of the meal, always in the strict dosage recommended by the doctor. The price of a pack of tablets is 600 rubles.

Why do we need analogues

Pharmacology offers a large list of antimycotics, in most cases they are analogues of each other. The reason for this phenomenon is simple - over time, a patented dosage form inevitably becomes available to other pharmaceutical companies.

They begin to produce on its basis medicines identical in composition and action, they are called generics. These tablets are more affordable. Analogues have their own name, you can determine whose generic drug is by the active substance on the package of the drug.

One of the most effective and popular active ingredients for fungal infection is terbinafine. It can be found in the drugs Binafin, Lamikan, Exifin, Terbizil, Fungoterbin.

Fluconazole is contained in tablets:

Diflucan;
Mycosist;
Fucis;
Mycoflucan.

An analogue of ketoconazole is Nizoral, Mycozoral, Fungavis.

It is noteworthy that the cost of antifungal drugs is not always related to their quality. Very often, expensive imported tablets are not inferior to cheap domestic counterparts.

The price for equal efficiency ranges from very low to too high. The cheapest analogues for preparations based on fluconazole. The middle position was occupied by terbinafine analogues.

The most expensive were drugs made on the active ingredient itraconazole (Orungamine,).

Remedies for running mycoses

It is necessary to fight severe, advanced cases of diseases with drugs from the group of non-polyene antibiotics. These include Griseofulvin. The drug is prescribed for the treatment of microsporia of nails and hair, skin, epidermophytosis, ringworm, trichophytosis.

Contraindications include children under two years of age, chronic diseases of the digestive system, blood, oncological processes, pregnancy, lactation. During treatment, there is a possibility of side effects from the digestive and nervous systems, individual intolerance to the active or excipients of the drug.

It is necessary to take the treatment after or before meals, the tablet is washed down with a tablespoon of vegetable oil. Self-medication or changing the dosage of the medication without the doctor's permission threatens to develop allergies, severe rashes, and serious damage to internal organs.

In addition, they take vitamin complexes, minerals, food supplements, for example, Chitosan.

External remedies for mycoses

Against a fungal infection, doctors also recommend using local remedies, they ensure the rapid penetration of active substances to the lesion. With an integrated approach, recovery comes much faster.

Before using the medicine, the nails and skin must be steamed out, and the stratum corneum should be detached. External agents with a keratolytic effect are available and easy to use. Medicine suggests using salicylic acid, sulfur, tar, ichthyol. From mycosis, doctors prescribe antifungal ointments Triderm, Travocort, Sinalar, Sangviritrin, Lotriderm.

A deep effect is provided by antifungal varnishes, when the drug is applied on the nail, a thin film is created that has a therapeutic effect. A good result is given by Lotseril, Batrafen.

Have not lost their relevance in the treatment of mycoses and simple, well-known for many years means based on:

iodine;
tar;
sulfur.

For the treatment of fungi of the scalp, depriving shampoos are recommended. The most popular were Mycozoral, Nizoral, Mikanisal. Women note that such products also get rid of dandruff, improve the condition of the hair.

To get rid of fungal diseases of skin folds, smooth skin, and scalp, antifungal ointments are used, the list of the most effective includes Nystatin, Amyclone.

The use of local remedies for mycosis, onychomycosis is limited, they are undesirable for factors:

childhood;
pregnancy;
breast-feeding.

Self-medication is dangerous, fraught with serious health consequences. There is a high probability of developing allergic reactions, dermatoses, liver disorders.

Systemic treatment with antifungal agents causes much less problems if the patient additionally takes vitamins, drugs to protect the liver.

Antifungals for children

The skin of children is more delicate, subject to the aggressive effects of a fungal infection much more often. Newborns and children under 3 years of age are especially affected. Various diaper rash become the entrance gate for fungi, primarily Candida. Such patients are contraindicated in many drugs, both tablets and external agents.

Despite the ever-growing standard of living, the fungus is found in almost every second inhabitant of the earth. Treatment of any fungal infection is impossible without the use of medicines, but for successful healing it is necessary to use only high-quality and effective antifungal drugs from the list of the best medicines.

The combination of quality and efficiency does not always mean the purchase of super-expensive medicines. There are quite inexpensive drugs against the fungus, which are highly effective and fast acting. In addition, in the treatment of fungus, you can use analogues of expensive drugs that give the same result as the original drug.

Differences and features of antifungal drugs

Preparations against the fungus are selected depending on the duration of the course of mycosis, on the volume of the affected surface, the presence of concomitant diseases, the nature of the manifestations of the fungus.

Forms of release of antifungal agents are diverse - they are available in the form of tablets, ointments, gels, solutions, suppositories. A variety of release forms allows you to treat not only the external forms of mycosis (feet, genitals, toenails and hands), but also the internal manifestations of the fungus. Antifungal drugs in tablets have a systemic effect; gels, ointments, sprays, and creams are used for local treatment.

Modern pharmacology allows you to successfully treat fungal diseases of any nature.

Note! Therapy with a single drug usually does not bring the desired effect, because. often several types of pathogens settle on the body at once. Therefore, the doctor must prescribe a comprehensive treatment of the fungus.

Fungal infection easily adapts to any conditions, quickly developing resistance to various active substances. Therefore, you should not choose the drug for the fungus on your own, because. this can lead to the mutation of the fungus and the development of more resistant forms.

When to use antifungals:

Mycosis of the foot;
yeast infection of the skin;
Cryptococcosis;
Fungal infections of the respiratory tract, eyes;
Vaginal;
Paracoccidioidomycosis;
Histoplasmosis;
Epidermophytosis of the inguinal region;
yeast infection of the skin;
candidemia;
esophagus and oral cavity;
Sporotrichosis;
Fungus of the scalp;
diaper rash;
Body skin fungus.

Medicines against the fungus are aimed at the destruction and destruction of pathogens, and stop the spread of infection. Some of the drugs successfully defeat dermatophytes (mold fungi), others are aimed at destroying yeast fungi directly. Therefore, drugs are selected depending on the type of pathogen, which is determined by the doctor after conducting appropriate tests.

An overview of drugs against fungus

Fungal drugs are classified according to their chemical structure, clinical purpose, and spectrum of action. The most common and effective drug antifungal agents belong to the groups of azoles, polyenes and allylamines.

Polyene group

Polyenes are broad-spectrum antifungal drugs in tablets and ointments that are most popular in the treatment of mycoses. Most often they are used in the treatment of candidiasis of the mucous membranes, skin, gastrointestinal tract.

List of drugs:

Nystatin - is available in the form of ointments and tablets for the treatment of fungus of the mucous membranes and skin of the body. Used for candidiasis of the skin, intestines, vagina, oral cavity. It has practically no contraindications, side effects in the form of allergic manifestations are possible. The course of treatment lasts from 10 to 14 days (according to the instructions). Price - from 40 rubles.
Levorin - used for candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract and skin, has high activity against trichomonas, Candida fungi, leishmania. Not allowed for use during pregnancy, under the age of 2 years, during lactation, with hepatic and, with, ulcers of the intestines and stomach. Price - 100-130 rubles.
Pimafucin - has an effect on a huge number of pathogenic fungi that affect the body. It is prescribed for candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract, vagina, to remove the effects of taking antibiotics and corticosteroids. Price - from 250 rubles.

Azole group

Azoles are synthetic drugs used in the treatment of mycoses of the scalp, skin, toenails and hands,. Some drugs in this series are used to treat candidiasis of the mucous membranes and thrush.

List of antifungal drugs:

Ketoconazole is a drug against dimorphic and yeast-like fungi, folliculitis, dermatophytes, seborrheic dermatitis, chronic candidiasis. Often used for the skin and treatment of head fungus if there is a high degree of damage and resistance to infection. The drug can cause extensive side effects, it is prescribed with caution to children and elderly patients. Price - from 100 rubles.
Mycozoral is an ointment for the treatment of epidermophytosis, pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis, ringworm, candidiasis of various types. Antifungal drugs for nails, hands, feet, based on the active ingredient ketoconazole, are also available in the form of shampoos and oral tablets. Price - from 200 rubles.
Sebozol is a drug in the form of an ointment shampoo used against yeast-like fungi, dimorphites, and. Used to treat fungal infections of the feet, nails, scalp, hands. Price - from 130 rubles.
Fluconazole - has a wide range of effects in the defeat of Cryptococcus fungi, candidiasis of the oral cavity and pharynx, respiratory system, organs of the reproductive system, nail fungus, lichen. Capsules are used with caution during pregnancy, with pathological diseases of the liver and heart. Price - from 20 rubles.

Note! Ointments from the fungus can be used as an independent remedy for mycosis, if the affected area is insignificant and the disease is in its initial stage. In other cases, ointments are used as part of the complex therapy of the fungus.

Allylamine group

Preparations of this series are actively fighting ringworm - fungal infections of hair, skin, nails.

The most common drug in this group is Terbinafine. This is a topical preparation (cream, ointment) used in the treatment of nail and skin fungi, dimorphic and mold pathogenic microorganisms. It is prescribed for severe fungal infections of the nails, feet, head, torso. Price - from 48 rubles.

The active substance terbinafine destroys the fungal membrane cells and provokes the death of the fungal colony. In addition, the substance does not accumulate in the body and is removed entirely through the liver, which allows the use of drugs based on it for the treatment of mycoses in pregnant women and children.

Inexpensive antifungal analogues

There are a lot of drugs against the fungus, but basically these drugs are analogues of each other. This happens because, over time, a patented medicinal formula becomes available to other pharmaceutical companies that produce generics based on it - medicines that are identical in composition and action, but at the same time are not so expensive in price.

Generics have their own name of the drug, but you can calculate whose analogue they are by the active substance of the drug, which is prescribed on the package.

Terbinafine, one of the most effective anti-fungal agents, has the following analogues:

Terbizol;
Binofin;
Fungoterbin;
Exifin;
Lamikan.

The active substance fluconazole is contained in preparations:

Fucis;
Diflucan;
Nofung;
Mycosist;
Mycoflucan.

Ketocanazole has active analogues - Fungavis, Nizoral, Mycozoral.

The cost of antifungal drugs is not always related to quality. Cheap analogues of expensive antimycotic drugs, as a rule, are in no way inferior in effectiveness.

The price of drugs against fungi ranges from very expensive to very cheap drugs with absolutely identical drug efficacy. The most inexpensive analogs are found in a series of drugs based on ketoconazole and fluconazole. Terbinafine analogues occupy a middle position, and the most expensive are preparations based on itraconazole (Itramicol, Irunin, Itrazol, Canditral).

Antifungals for children

Antifungal drugs for children are mainly used topically - ointments, creams, sprays, powders for external use, varnishes, drops, shampoos. Means of local application are based on the action of the active substances of triazole, allialamine, imidazole.

Topical preparations are most effective in the treatment of candidiasis, athlete's foot and tinea versicolor.

With a candidal child, drugs are prescribed in the form of tablets or plates for resorption. Treatment of a fungal infection in the organs of vision is based on the use of a suspension with nystatin. in children, it is treated with a special varnish, which not only neutralizes fungal colonies, but also creates a protective film on the nail plate.

The most common topical preparations are:

Mycosan;
Nystatin;
Amorolfine.

Systemic therapy is carried out only under the condition of the occurrence of large lesions and their rapid spread. Systemic drugs include:

Fluconazole;
Mycoseptin;
Terbinafine.

Self-treatment with antifungal drugs in pediatrics is not allowed, because. medicines have a number of side effects and contraindications. The correct treatment plan can only be drawn up by a qualified doctor.