The best protection against infections is vaccination. Vaccination is the most effective protection against infectious diseases.

From the first second of birth, a person is exposed to the influence of a huge number of microorganisms, including pathogens. In the 18th century, vaccinations were invented to strengthen the immune system and protect people from diseases. However, the question of the benefits and harms of vaccinations still causes a lot of controversy. In this article we will look at what the immune system is, what immunity is and what the role of vaccinations is in the functioning of our immunity.

Let's consider what the immune system and immunity are

The immune system is a collection of organs, tissues and cells that provide protection and control over the internal constancy of the body’s environment. It includes central organs - red bone marrow and thymus (thymus gland), peripheral organs - spleen, lymph nodes and vessels, Peyre's patches of the intestine, appendix, tonsils and adenoids.

The immune system is scattered throughout the human body, and this allows it to control the entire body. The main function of the immune system is to maintain the genetic constancy of the internal environment of the body (homeostasis).

The body's immunity to various infectious agents (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, helminths), as well as to tissues and substances with foreign antigenic properties (for example, poisons of plant and animal origin), is called immunity.

A malfunction of the immune system can lead to autoimmune processes, when the cells of the immune system do not recognize “friends” and “foes” and damage the cells of their own body, which leads to such serious diseases as: systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroiditis, diffuse toxic goiter, disseminated sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis.

The "cradle" of the immune system is red bone marrow, which is located in the body of tubular, flat and spongy bones. Red bone marrow produces stem cells that give rise to all forms of blood and lymph cells.

The mechanism of immune system cells

The main cells of the immune system are B and T lymphocytes And phagocytes.

Lymphocytes– white blood cells, which are a type of leukocyte. Lymphocytes are main cells of the immune system. B lymphocytes provide humoral immunity(produce antibodies that attack foreign substances), T lymphocytes provide cellular immunity(they directly attack foreign substances).

There are several types of T lymphocytes:

T-killers (T-killers) - destroy infected, tumor, mutated, aging cells of the body.
T-helpers (T - helpers) - help other cells in the fight against “strangers”. They stimulate the production of antibodies through antigen recognition and activation of the corresponding B-lymphocyte.
T-suppressors (T-suppressors) - reduce the level of antibody formation. If the immune system is not suppressed after neutralizing the antigen, then the body's own immune cells will destroy healthy cells of the body, which will lead to the development of autoimmune disorders.

The development of B and T lymphocytes occurs in the red bone marrow. Their predecessor is a lymphoid stem cell. Some of the stem cells in the red bone marrow turn into B lymphocytes, while another part of the cells leaves the bone marrow and enters another central organ of the immune system - thymus, where the maturation and differentiation of T-lymphocytes occurs. Simply put, the organs of the central immune system are the “kindergarten” where B and T lymphocytes undergo initial training. Since later, through the circulatory and lymphatic system, lymphocytes migrate to the lymph nodes, spleen and other peripheral organs, where their further training occurs.

The largest ones will be the first to know about the penetration of a “stranger” into the body through natural barriers (skin and mucous membranes). from leukocytes - phagocytes-macrophages.

The role of phagocyte cells in the immune system was first discovered by the Russian scientist I.I. Mechnikov in 1882. Cells that are capable of absorbing and digesting foreign substances have been called phagocytes, and the phenomenon itself was called phagocytosis.

During the process of phagocytosis, phagocytes-macrophages release active substances – cytokines, capable of recruiting cells of the immune system to work - T and B lymphocytes. Thereby increasing the number of lymphocyte cells. Lymphocytes are smaller than macrophages, more mobile, and are able to penetrate the cell wall and into the intercellular space. T-lymphocytes are able to distinguish individual microbes, remember and determine whether the body has encountered them before. They also help B lymphocytes increase synthesis antibodies (immunoglobulin proteins), which, in turn, neutralize antigens (foreign substances), bind them into harmless complexes, which are subsequently destroyed by macrophages.

It takes time to identify an antigen (previously unknown to the body) and produce enough antibodies. During this period, a person develops symptoms of the disease. Upon subsequent infection with the same infection, the body begins to produce the necessary antibodies, which determine a rapid immune response to the reintroduction of the “stranger.” Thanks to this, the disease and recovery proceed much faster.

Types of natural immunity

Natural immunity can be congenital or acquired.

From the moment of birth, nature itself provides a person with immunity to many diseases, which is achieved thanks to innate immunity, inherited from parents with ready-made antibodies. The body receives antibodies from the mother at the very beginning of its development through the placenta. The main transfer of antibodies occurs in the last weeks of pregnancy. Subsequently, the child receives ready-made antibodies along with breast milk.

Acquired immunity occurs after illness and persists for a long time or for life.

Artificial immunity and vaccines

Artificial (passive) immunity is considered to be obtained through the administration of serum and which lasts for a short time.

Serum contains ready-made antibodies to a specific pathogen and is administered to an infected person (for example, against tetanus, rabies, tick-borne encephalitis).

For a long time it was believed that the immune system could be prepared to meet a future “enemy” through the introduction of vaccines, believing that for this it was enough to introduce “killed” or “weakened” pathogens into the human body, and the person would become immune to it for some time . This immunity is called artificial (active): It is temporary. That is why a person is prescribed repeated vaccinations (re-vaccinations) throughout his life.

Vaccines(from Latin vacca - cow) are preparations obtained from killed or weakened microorganisms and their waste products, intended to produce antibodies to pathogens.

According to all medical canons Only healthy children can be vaccinated however, in practice this is rarely observed , And Even weakened children are vaccinated.

Immunologist G.B. writes about how the idea of vaccination has changed. Kirillicheva: “Initially, vaccination was considered as preventive care in case of obvious danger or misfortune. Vaccination was carried out according to epidemiological indications. Susceptible and contact persons were vaccinated. Receptive! And not everything in a row. Currently, the idea of the purpose of vaccines has become distorted. From emergency prevention means, vaccines have become means of mass planned use. Both susceptible and resistant categories of people are vaccinated.”

Vaccines contain auxiliary components, the most common of which are: antibiotics, merthiolate (organomercury salt), phenol, formalin, aluminum hydroxide, Tween-80. You can find out more about the components of vaccines.

Over the entire period of existence of vaccines, no one has proven that even a small content of poisons in vaccines is completely harmless to a living organism.

It is also necessary to take into account that the child’s body is a hundred times more sensitive to toxins and poisons, and the system of decomposition and removal of poisons from the body in a newborn is not yet fully formed, unlike in an adult. This means that even in small quantities this poison can cause irreparable harm to a child.

As a result, the unformed immune system of a newborn is bombarded with such a quantity of poisons that leads to serious disruptions, first of all, in the functioning of the immune and nervous systems, and then manifests itself in the form of post-vaccination complications.

Here are just some post-vaccination complications included in the official list of August 2, 1999 N 885:

In practice, it is not easy to prove that this complication arose precisely after vaccination, because when we are vaccinated, doctors do not take any responsibility for its results - they simply provide us with medical care, which in our country is voluntary.

In parallel with the increase in the number of vaccinations in the world, the number of childhood diseases, such as autism, cerebral palsy, leukemia, and diabetes, is increasing. Scientists and doctors around the world are increasingly confirming the connection between such serious diseases and vaccinations. For example, Russian scientist Nikolai Levashov spoke at one of his meetings with readers about the connection between vaccinations and autism. You can watch this video.

How do vaccinations affect immunity in general?

Here is what a number of experts write on the topic of immunity and vaccinations:

“Natural diseases that occur in a normal, healthy child help to fine-tune and train the immune system.

Pathogens that enter the body with vaccination bypass the mucous membranes and immediately enter the bloodstream. The body is evolutionarily not ready for such a development of events.

In order to cope with an infection that is not neutralized at the level of the mucous membranes and for the fight against which the body was not prepared by chemical signals received in advance, it is forced to consume many times more lymphocytes than when this occurs during a natural disease.

Thus, according to available estimates, if natural mumps (mumps) absorbs 3-7% of the total number of lymphocytes, then the one that occurs after vaccination - what is called “mild” - is 30-70%. Ten times more!”(A. Kotok “Vaccinations in questions and answers for thinking parents”)

Excerpt from a letter to Committee on Bioethics of the Russian Academy of Sciences oncoimmunologist prof. V.V. Gorodilova:

“We should have thought seriously long ago about the growing childhood leukemia, which Academician L.A. Zilber spoke about already in the early 60s, about the unbalanced immune system as a result of the undying (including) “post-vaccination state”, starting in our maternity hospitals and actively continuing in childhood, adolescence and youth.

It has been proven that in infants the immune system is still immature, that it begins to function within a certain “norm” after 6 months, and before that the body has not yet adapted, has not matured.

You cannot endlessly accumulate excess antibodies - their excess leads to autoimmune processes. Hence the “rejuvenated” autoimmune diseases in young people: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, kidney disease, thyroid disease, disorders of the nervous, endocrine and vascular systems, numerous oncological diseases, and among them - childhood leukemia.

The immune system cannot withstand the “planned onslaught”, it breaks down, its functions are distorted, it “goes off course” prescribed by nature, and a person becomes more vulnerable to colds, allergens, cancer... Allergies are growing among children - are there any children now who would you not suffer from allergic diseases?! It is well known that in the first half of the year children suffer from gastrointestinal dystrophy and changes in the skin caused by food allergens of various etiologies. From the second half of the year, respiratory tract syndromes appear - asthmatic bronchitis (by the way, one of the complications of DPT, ADS-M, ADS). Well, by the age of 3-4 years, clinical symptoms of pollen sensitization, etc., etc., begin to appear. – There are countless publications on these problems.

The immune system is a delicately balanced mechanism and, like all other systems, is susceptible to disorder. As a result of constant irritation - stimulation by vaccines, instead of protecting the body, it destroys its own cells due to the accumulation of antibodies, due to autoimmune processes and functional changes in the properties of cells.

Physiological, natural aging is the process of gradual attenuation, withering of all parts of the immune system. Vaccines accelerate and spur the process of “using up” lymphocytes, artificially leading the human body to premature aging, hence aging diseases in young people. In oncology, the imbalance between the speed of the immune response and tumor growth is fundamental. The growth of cancer outpaces the rate of reproduction of lymphoid cells that respond to it, which are also aimed at combating the constantly arriving antigens - vaccines.

I am absolutely convinced that all oncology begins with a negative restructuring of the immune system, followed by suppression of its functions as a result of “overload”. It is with congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies that a more frequent development of malignant neoplasms is observed...”

Vaccinations are voluntary!

Parents should know that according to Russian Legislation they have every right to both consent and refuse vaccinations.

In accordance with the Federal Law “On the Fundamentals of Protecting the Health of Citizens of the Russian Federation” dated November 21, 2011 N 323-FZ: in accordance with Article 20. Informed voluntary consent to medical intervention and refusal of medical intervention.

And in accordance with the Federal Law “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases” dated September 17, 1998 N 157-FZ: in accordance with Article 5. When carrying out immunization, citizens have the right to: refuse preventive vaccinations.

Our state provides a choice whether to vaccinate a child or not, and refusal to vaccinate does not entail consequences in the form of non-admission to kindergarten, school, or college. If such violations are observed, then they contradict the Constitution of our country. Since Chapter 2 of Article 43 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation states:

Everyone has the right to education.
Universal access and free preschool, basic general and secondary vocational education in state or municipal educational institutions and enterprises are guaranteed.

Very often, parents rely on the opinion of doctors, not wanting to study the topic of vaccinations more deeply on their own: if they tell you to vaccinate, then that’s what you should do. However, this does not relieve parents of responsibility for the fate of the child. It is important to understand that any vaccination is not just an “injection”, but a real invasion of a person’s immunity, which has its own consequences, which is especially fraught at a time when immunity is not yet fully formed. Professor virologist G.P. Chervonskaya writes the following on this subject: “If you protect your child from vaccination at least until he is 5 years old, I bow to you. You will give the body an opportunity to develop the natural defenses of the body.”

Having weighed all the pros and cons, the decision, as well as the right to vaccinate or not to vaccinate their child, should remain with the parents.

What mechanisms protect humans from infections?

Until the baby’s immune system has formed on its own, an important protective mechanism is maternal antibodies, which are transmitted to the child’s body through the placenta and breast milk. The longer a mother breastfeeds her baby, the longer she will be protected. Maternal antibodies protect newborns and infants from infectious diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, measles, rubella, chickenpox, polio and many other ailments for a long time.

As evidence, we will give an example of an observation by obstetrician-gynecologist Zh.S. Sokolova: “The best “vaccine” against all infectious diseases is mother’s milk. It contains all the antibodies that can protect and cope with any infection, and if the baby continues to harden, his immunity will become even stronger without any vaccinations. As convincing evidence, I cannot help but cite the information that under my supervision there are 1,640 children (as of 2002) whose parents did not vaccinate. These children not only do not get sick, but develop differently; they are calmer and more balanced, less irritable and non-aggressive.”

An important protective mechanism against various types of infections is genetics. Not all people are equally susceptible to different diseases.

Virologist G.P. Chervonskaya in her book “Vaccinations: Myths and Reality” writes the following about people’s susceptibility to infectious diseases:

“Most people are immune to infectious diseases. genetically. For example, 99% of people are immune to tuberculosis, 99.5-99.9% are immune to polio, 80-85% are immune to diphtheria, and 85-90% are immune to influenza.
Thoughtless vaccination weakens the immunity inherent in nature, irrevocably changes our genetic code and leads to diseases, including previously unknown ones. I remind you of what is known to specialists around the world, I emphasize - with specialists (!): 1% of all humanity is born susceptible to tuberculosis (8), to polio - 0.1–0.5 % (8.13) (according to Smorodintsev and WHO), to diphtheria - 15-20% (3.5,14.15), to influenza - also no more than 10-15%, etc.
In other words, some are already born immune to tuberculosis (and these are the vast majority!), some will never get diphtheria (and these are also the vast majority!), the third category of citizens is resistant to polio (a Few people get sick and not necessarily paralytic form (8.13), the majority never get sick with the flu, rubella, etc., etc.”

Don't forget about natural defense: It is acquired when a person recovers from an illness. We have all heard about diseases such as chickenpox, measles, mumps, and rubella. People also call these diseases “childhood diseases,” and it is no coincidence, because it is in childhood that people most often get sick with them. By transferring these states in a fairly mild form, a person acquires lifelong immunity and the possibility of transferring antibodies to future generations. Not so long ago there was, and in some places there is still a practice, when parents deliberately bring their children to sick peers, so that the child gets sick in childhood and develops natural immunity. It happens that a child does not get sick at all from such visits: this indicates that he is not genetically susceptible to this disease.

In the history of mankind, there are known facts when, with the improvement of sanitary and hygienic living conditions, humanity got rid of many diseases. For example, in European countries, vaccines were not invented against diseases such as cholera, plague, typhoid fever, anthrax, dysentery, but these diseases were defeated soon as water supply systems and sewers appeared, when they began to chlorinate water, pasteurize milk, when the quality improved food products. With the improvement of sanitary and hygienic conditions, morbidity and mortality from diphtheria, measles, and whooping cough began to decline decades before the advent of vaccines against these diseases. The eradication of smallpox in 1980 throughout the world occurred due to strict sanitary measures, and not due to universal vaccination, as is commonly believed, since during the years of smallpox vaccination, vaccinated people still got sick and died.

As for Russia, from time immemorial there have been baths on its territory that protected and protected people from various kinds of diseases. And the life expectancy of people then was much longer than in the last century of the existence of vaccinations.

Help the immune system

First of all, it is necessary to give up bad habits, spend time in the fresh air as often as possible, eat well, and give preference to natural rather than artificial vitamins. Antioxidants are especially useful for the immune system - vitamins A, C, E and B vitamins. Microelements - iron, iodine, potassium, magnesium and zinc - are important for good immune function. Good sleep is also important, since it is during sleep that the body best gets rid of waste and toxins, moderate exercise and drinking clean water (1.5-2 liters per day), visiting a bathhouse - all this improves the metabolic process and speeds up the process removing heavy metals and toxins from our body. Supporting a favorable psychological environment in the family (positive emotions, an atmosphere of mutual understanding, love and support) is also a powerful defense against the adverse influences of the outside world, including infections and diseases, since any stress has a destructive effect on human immunity.

New software "Luch-Nik"

The Luch-Nik software is the embodiment of the knowledge of academician N.V. Levashova: this technology is based on a generator of primary matters. The physical body of a person is only the visible part of what a person is. In addition to the physical body, a person has a soul, which is also called essence or biofield. You can read more about what essence (soul) is and how it works in the books of N.V. Levashov “Last appeal to humanity” and “Essence and Reason”.

The physically dense body and essence are a single system. The food we consume is broken down into primary matters, which we need in order to nourish our essence and body - this is what gives us the necessary vital energy. And the quality of primary matter depends on what enters our body, and our well-being and further development depend on this. If a person eats food of poor quality, and moreover, if it contains trans fats or genetically modified foods (GMOs), then the quality of the matter formed during the breakdown of food will be low. Things can turn out much more deplorably if you consume alcohol and drugs in addition... Nikolai Levashov wrote in his books that alcohol contains a powerful ethereal charge, which subsequently destroys the structures of a person’s essence, or his biofield, reveals the natural energy protection from the inside and makes a person more subject to negative external influences. The daily dose of neutralization of poisons and toxins depends on how healthy the human body is and on its individual characteristics.

What works in Luch-Nika is not a tablet, but a generator attached to this tablet. A kind of artificial intelligence without a physical shell. “Luch-Nick” scans the human biofield, reveals in it (in essence) those processes that were the cause of the disturbances manifested in the physical body, and influences these processes with flows of primary matters.

The body may simply not have enough of its quality substances due to sludge, organ soreness and poor-quality nutrition. By independently determining the vector of influence taking into account the user-selected functions, “Luch-Nik” helps restore the structures of cells, organs, and body systems, while increasing the resistance of a person’s protective field (psi-field) to the penetration of pathogenic microflora into the body.

What to include in Luch-Nik software

In order to get rid of many poisons and toxins, including those obtained through vaccinations, it is necessary to normalize the functioning of the excretory systems. In the “BODY SYSTEMS” section there are functions for this: lymphatic; digestive; respiratory; leather; urinary.

Lymphatic system– cleanses our body, through it a huge amount of foreign substances and poisons are removed. The main filtering element of the lymphatic system is the lymph nodes, which over time can be blocked by foreign proteins, heavy metals and toxins. If the lymph node is blocked, then it does not allow fluid to pass through: the body is not properly cleansed, the lymph node swells, which leads to lymphadenitis. Human immunity largely depends on the functioning of the lymphatic system. If the lymph nodes are clogged, then the body cannot pass purulent lymph through the lymph node, it begins to “throw it” out onto the skin. And this manifests itself, for example, in the form atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis.

Along with the lymphatic, it is advisable to include immune system, and with them muscular And nervous system, since the lymph comes into motion due to muscle contractions, and the nervous system is involved in the supply of nerve impulses.

Digestive system– removes a huge amount of waste and toxins through the intestines, so most of the immune cells are located in the gastrointestinal tract.

Respiratory system - helps remove toxins and waste in the form of phlegm and mucus.

Skin and urinary system– ensure the daily release of toxins and waste from the body.

Brain– regulates all vital functions of our body. The strength of the biofield (or psi-field) generated by the brain directly affects the functioning of the immune system. Strong energy protection creates conditions for suppressing pathogenic microflora, while with a decrease in the quality of brain functions, a person’s susceptibility to viral and other inflammatory processes increases many times over.

In the “BODY SYSTEMS” section you can turn on simultaneously: lymphatic, immune, nervous and endocrine systems, actively ensuring homeostasis, i.e. constancy of the internal environment.

Viruses, bacteria and fungi surround humans from birth and enter the body in a variety of ways. When weakened protective barriers, they get inside a person and, in the process of their life, release toxins and wastes that have an adverse effect on our genetics. Therefore, in the “CORRECTION OF THE CAUSES OF DAMAGE” section, it is advisable to include such functions as: viruses, bacteria, fungi, cellular waste, toxins, genetic correction, correction of external influences, biofield correction. It is also advisable to include the function heavy metals: they are found in the environment and enter the human body through food, inhaled air, water, including vaccinations. The accumulation of heavy metals in the body has a depressing effect on the functioning of the immune and other systems.

In the section “PREVENTION. ACUTE CONDITIONS" it makes sense to include lymphadenitis, which was written about above, as well as stress, because stress also leads to a weakening of the body’s protective functions. It is advisable to include preventive measures associated with malfunctions of the immune system - allergies, sore throat, acute respiratory infections, otitis media.

Using the menu section “PREVENTION. GENERAL” can be influenced by different types of processes in essence, which accordingly manifest themselves differently at the level of the physical body. Therefore, for different disorders, you can choose different sets of functions, for example:

For autoimmune disorders : diabetes mellitus, diffuse toxic goiter (Graves' disease), chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland), Sjögren's disease (connective tissue disease);

For skin diseases : dermatitis, neurodermatitis, psoriasis. It is also possible to work with disorders associated with the respiratory system, central nervous system, digestive organs, bones and joints: bronchial asthma, tracheobronchitis, tuberculosis, meningitis(s), multiple sclerosis, polio, autism, mercury poisoning, Crohn's disease (inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract), pancreatitis, hepatitis(s), arthritis(s), osteomyelitis and other preventive measures.

Preventive vaccinations are a highly effective method of developing immunity to certain dangerous infections in humans and animals.

All preventive vaccinations involve the introduction of a vaccine - a medical immunobiological drug. When vaccinated, special weakened or killed pathogens of certain diseases or their certain parts (antigens) are introduced into the human body. In response to this, the human body activates the immune system, which synthesizes antibodies to the infectious agent and artificially forms immunity to this disease. Subsequently, it is these antibodies that provide protection against infection, which, when entering the body of a person who has protective immunity, does not cause disease, or the manifestations of the disease will be very weak.

Immunoprophylaxis in the Russian Federation is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of September 17, 1998 No. 157-FZ “On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases”.

The current National calendar of preventive vaccinations and preventive vaccinations for epidemic indications was approved by order of the Minister of Health of the Russian Federation dated March 21, 2014 No. 125n.

Infectious diseases have accompanied humanity since its formation as a species. The widespread spread of infectious diseases at all times not only led to the death of many millions of people, but was also the main reason for short human life expectancy. Modern medicine knows more than 6.5 thousand infectious diseases and syndromes. And currently, the number of infectious diseases predominates in the overall structure of diseases.

Before the introduction of routine childhood vaccination, infectious diseases were the leading cause of child mortality, and epidemics were common. Every year, about 150 million children are born around the globe, and approximately 12-15 million children die between the ages of 1 week and 14 years. About 10 million children die from infectious diseases, 3 million from infections for which vaccines are available.

For many infectious diseases, immunization is the main and leading preventive measure due to the peculiarities of the transmission mechanism of the infectious agent and the persistent nature of post-infectious immunity. Many years of experience in routine immunization of the population have demonstrated the undoubted effectiveness of this method of combating infectious diseases. Routine immunization has been a decisive and effective measure in the fight against infections such as tuberculosis, diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, measles, polio, mumps, and rubella. Since 2006, work has been carried out to immunize the population against viral hepatitis B, which has already led to tangible results in reducing the incidence and complications of this disease.

Thus, diphtheria infection is widespread everywhere. Thanks to the implementation of mass immunization, the incidence of diphtheria in the USSR decreased from 1959 - the year immunization began - to 1975 by 1456 times, mortality - by 850 times. Compared to the pre-vaccination period, the incidence of measles in Russia has decreased by 600 times.

Smallpox, which killed 5 million people worldwide each year, was completely eradicated in 1978 and today the disease is largely forgotten.

Does vaccination provide 100% protection against the disease?

Unfortunately, no vaccine provides 100% protection for a variety of reasons. But we can say with confidence that out of 100 children vaccinated against tetanus, diphtheria, measles, rubella, and viral hepatitis B, 95% will be protected from these infections. In addition, if a child gets sick with an infectious disease, the disease, as a rule, is much milder and there are no complications leading to disability, as in unvaccinated people.

Vaccination has been around for more than 200 years, but even now, as before, this preventive measure gives rise to fears and concerns among many, largely associated with interference in the life activity of a healthy body, while in case of illness, therapeutic measures, even very dangerous ones, do not cause such fears . Concerns are also associated with reports of complications after vaccinations, although the development of severe illness in the post-vaccination period is most often not associated with vaccination, but represents a coincidence of two events in time.

The well-being of our children today (that is, the absence of the threat of infectious diseases, which posed a great danger in the recent past) is the result of a lot of work. The modern generation of parents no longer knows about this. Vaccination has become as commonplace as other achievements of civilization, without which it is no longer possible to imagine our lives.

Modern parents would hardly be able to calmly accept the fact that their child:

. will definitely get measles and will be exposed to a 1% risk of dying from it and a much greater risk of suffering a severe complication, up to and including damage to the central nervous system in the form of encephalitis;

. will cough painfully for 1-2 months if you have whooping cough and, possibly, will suffer from whooping cough encephalitis;

. has a 10-20% chance of contracting diphtheria, which kills every tenth person;

. risks dying or being crippled for life after suffering from polio;

. will not be protected from tuberculosis, which does not distinguish between rich and poor;

. will suffer mumps (mumps), and the boy may remain infertile;

. may become infected with hepatitis B, with a high probability of subsequently developing chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis or liver cancer;

. will be forced to receive anti-tetanus serum for each injury, which is fraught with the development of anaphylactic shock.

Let us note once again that there is no alternative to vaccinations. No homeopathic remedies or other methods can replace vaccination. No matter how we strengthen the baby’s health, in the absence of vaccination, immunity to a specific infectious agent cannot be formed, and the child will inevitably get sick when he encounters it.

An adult, like a child's parents, have the right to refuse vaccination. The motivation for refusals can be very different - religious, personal, medical and others. In all cases, close cooperation with pediatricians and therapists is necessary in order to competently weigh the pros and cons. It is very important not to refuse immunization, but, together with your doctor, to find the opportunity to carry it out, if necessary, undergoing appropriate training.

Remember that any vaccine is hundreds of times safer than the disease it protects against! If you refuse vaccinations, infections that were considered defeated will definitely return! Timely vaccination prevents the development of the disease, and, therefore, preserves our health!

Children's diseases are usually called measles, diphtheria, chickenpox and most diseases for which vaccinations are given. In fact, they are not children's at all - nothing changes with age.

It's just that all these diseases are easy to catch. Before mass vaccination, people became infected as soon as they encountered pathogens. This happened at an early age, and then those who became ill either died or acquired active immunity, which protected them. So it seemed that only children were sick.

Now there is no need to risk your life for the sake of immunity - there is. But if you haven’t had them done or have had them done for too long, you are at risk.

Currently, no one will warn a person about the timing of immunization: you need to find out the correct time and age of revaccination yourself.

Olga Vladimirovna Shirai, epidemiologist, head of the epidemiological department of St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution "Elizabeth Hospital"

Many adults do not get revaccinated, but still do not get sick thanks to their immunity. Some people have it after an illness, some after a vaccination (even if everyone has forgotten about it), others are protected by collective immunity - epidemics simply have nowhere to roam if the majority are vaccinated. Revaccination is needed to avoid getting sick and not to provoke epidemics.

How can I find out what vaccinations I have had?

In theory, all vaccinations are recorded on a card or vaccination certificate, and cards with data travel with the person from clinic to clinic.

In practice there is none of this. Even if you have been attached to the same clinic all your life, your registration has not changed, all this data can easily be lost. For everyone else, this is a “I remember - I don’t remember” quest. Most likely you don't remember.

If this is so, then there is a guideline for those born in Russia - the national vaccination calendar. If there is a vaccine in it, you may have received it. Then you most likely need a revaccination, because not all vaccinations last a lifetime. If vaccination is not on the national calendar, then you need to get it anyway.

What tests will show that there were vaccinations?

If a person has ever been vaccinated, he has antibodies to this disease. These are proteins that attack bacteria or viruses that have entered the body. They are designated as IgG. - immunoglobulins type G.

Conduct a blood test for the presence of antibodies to viral hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, polio (for three types of virus), measles, rubella, mumps, and whooping cough. To do this, a RPGA reaction is carried out with the appropriate diagnosticum (diphtheria, tetanus, measles, mumps) or ELISA (whooping cough, hepatitis, rubella).
Olga Shirai

For immunity to work, a certain titer is needed - the amount of these same immunoglobulins. If the titer is low, you need to get vaccinated. The indicators for all vaccinations are different; this is discussed with the doctor separately.

But even if you get vaccinated against a disease to which you already have immunity, nothing special will happen - the agents introduced with the vaccine will be destroyed.

What vaccines can you get vaccinated with?

When it comes to vaccines, the rule of thumb is “the newer the better,” because researchers are constantly working on improvements. New vaccines are well tolerated and often protect against several diseases at once.

Even if you were vaccinated with old vaccines as a child, you can safely revaccinate with new ones - there will be no conflict.

We have listed the vaccines that are approved for use in Russia Vaccines of the national vaccination calendar.. To learn more about them, you need to read the instructions and study the contraindications. Some vaccines are not available in clinics, while others are simply difficult to find.

How to get vaccinated against hepatitis B?

Women who have not had chickenpox and are planning a pregnancy should also be vaccinated against this disease, since infection during pregnancy (especially in the early stages) can lead to the development of defects in the fetus and even miscarriage.
Olga Shirai

The chickenpox vaccination can also be done to prevent the disease if there has been contact with a sick person. WHO considers this measure effective if vaccination is carried out no later than 72 hours after contact of a healthy person with a sick person.

Vaccine: Varilrix.

How to get vaccinated against polio?

Polio viruses have terrible complications: one out of 200 people who recover from the disease suffers complications in the form of paralysis. You need to get vaccinated if you have no immunity and you are going to a country where the disease is common.

The vaccination is done in three stages. It is better to use an inactivated vaccine - the one that comes in injections, it is much safer than drops in the mouth.

Vaccines: Pentaxim, Imovax Polio, Poliorix, Tetraxim, Infanrix Hexa.

How to get vaccinated against hemophilus influenzae infection?

Haemophilus influenzae infection causes severe forms of meningitis, pneumonia, and sometimes leads to sepsis. The infection does not respond well to antibiotics.

Among children, only those who are at risk due to health conditions are vaccinated. This also applies to adults: the elderly, people in contact with sick people, and people with chronic diseases are vaccinated.

Vaccines: Act-HIB, Hiberix Pentaxim, Infanrix Hexa.

How to get vaccinated against papillomavirus?

Some types of papillomavirus (HPV) pose a threat to women's health, causing cervical cancer, genital warts and some other diseases.

Vaccination is recommended for girls and women aged 9 to 26 years, preferably before the onset of sexual activity (because with its onset the risk of becoming infected from a partner increases sharply). The vaccination can also be done at a later age, up to 45 years.
Olga Shirai

Men can also get this vaccination so as not to be teased by the virus that causes cancer (not only of the cervix, but also of other organs) and not to suffer from condylomas. The vaccination is done in three stages according to the instructions.

Vaccines: Gardasil, Cervarix.

How to get vaccinated against pneumococcus?

Adults are vaccinated upon request. Pneumococcal infection, as a rule, joins other diseases and is a complication. It causes meningitis, otitis media, sinusitis,.

adults over 65 years old;
people who frequently come into contact with possible carriers of infection;
employees of preschools, schools, boarding homes;
those who have chronic respiratory diseases, liver diseases, diabetes mellitus;
people suffering from immunodeficiencies;
patients who have an increased risk of meningitis (after traumatic brain injury, neurosurgical interventions on the spine).

Vaccines: Pneumo-23, Prevenar 13.

How to get vaccinated against meningococcus?

Meningococcus causes meningitis, but in a special way. This is always a rapid infection, potentially fatal. Every case of illness is an emergency.

In Russia, vaccination is carried out if there is an outbreak of the disease, as well as among those who are subject to conscription for military service, and those who travel to Africa and Asia.

Modern vaccines protect against several subtypes of the disease at once. One vaccination in adulthood is sufficient.

Vaccines: “Menactra”, “Mencevax ACWY”.

What other vaccinations should I get?

In addition to those listed, there are also vaccinations for epidemic indications. They are done if an epidemic has started somewhere or if a person often encounters rare diseases at work. This is a matter for specialists, but there are several vaccinations that are worth getting without waiting for epidemics.

Tick-borne encephalitis. We have already written about who, how and when to get vaccinated against ticks (start dealing with the issue in February in order to have time to complete the full course and develop immunity before ticks wake up).
Flu. We also already talk in detail about the flu shot. Read everything you want to know. Vaccination is the best protection against influenza. It is worth getting vaccinated before mid-October to meet the epidemic head-on.
Vaccinations for travelers. If you are going to a country where there are frequent outbreaks of infections, you should get vaccinated before traveling. Usually this is hepatitis A (you can get vaccinated against it just for prevention), yellow fever. It all depends on the country you decide to go to.

What to do right now?

To ensure you don't get sick:

Go to your local clinic and ask your therapist what vaccines are on your card.
Get tested for antibodies to those diseases for which this is required.
Find out if the clinic has vaccines and their names.
Find a private medical center that is licensed to provide vaccinations.
Find out which pharmacies sell vaccines.
Set up a vaccination schedule with your doctor. Several vaccines can be administered at the same time; it is not necessary to take breaks between different drugs. It all depends on the instructions for each specific vaccine.
Get your vaccinations on this schedule.
Do not be ill.

GBU RO "OKB im. ON THE. Semashko"

7 infectious diseases department

Infectious disease doctor of the highest category E.V. Soroka

Infectious diseases have always been the main enemies of man. History knows many examples of the devastating consequences of smallpox, plague, cholera, typhoid, dysentery, measles, and influenza.

Vaccination is the most effective and cost-effective means of protection against infectious diseases known to modern medicine. The severe suffering that infections have caused in the past should serve as a constant reminder of the need for timely preventive vaccinations.

Vaccines have enabled humanity to achieve incredible results in the fight against infections. Natural smallpox, a disease that killed millions of people every year, has been completely eradicated from the world. Polio has virtually disappeared, and the global eradication of measles continues. The incidence of diphtheria, rubella, whooping cough, mumps, viral hepatitis B and many others has been reduced hundreds and even thousands of times

dangerous infectious diseases.

As world experience shows, the cessation of mass immunization, even with a negligible incidence, leads to the return of infectious diseases and the development of epidemics.

Classical vaccine preparations can be divided into three groups:

Live vaccines

The active principle in them is weakened microorganisms that have lost the ability to cause disease, but stimulate the immune response. This group includes vaccines against measles, rubella, polio, mumps and influenza.

Inactivated vaccines

Anatoxins- bacterial toxins in a modified harmless form.

These include well-known and widely used vaccines against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough.

With the beginning of the rapid development of molecular biology, genetics and genetic engineering methods, a new class of vaccines has emerged - molecular vaccines. They use recombinant proteins or protein fragments of pathogenic microbes, synthesized in the cells of laboratory strains of bacteria, viruses, and yeast. So far, only three such drugs have entered into practice:

recombinant hepatitis B vaccine
Lyme disease vaccine and
detoxified pertussis toxin, which is included in the DTP vaccine used in Italy.

As part of the National Preventive Vaccination Calendar, the following vaccinations are mandatory.

Everyone who has not been vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus, vaccination is carried out (consists of 2 vaccinations) and revaccination. Subsequent revaccinations are carried out every 10 years from the last vaccination.

Vaccination against viral hepatitis B is carried out to persons under the age of 55 years who have not been vaccinated previously. The vaccine complex consists of 3 vaccinations.

All persons under 35 years of age not previously vaccinated against measles Those who have not had measles and do not have information about vaccinations against measles are given two vaccinations with an interval of at least 3 months. Persons vaccinated once are given a booster vaccination against measles.

Vaccinations against rubella Girls and women from 18 to 25 years of age who have not had rubella, have not been vaccinated before, have no information about vaccinations against rubella, and have been vaccinated once are eligible.

Vaccination against flu is carried out annually to persons at risk - medical workers, workers in education, transport, the service sector, students of higher and secondary educational institutions, persons over 60 years of age, persons subject to conscription for military service; people with chronic diseases, including lung disease, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders and obesity.

Are there complications after vaccinations?

Modern vaccines do not cause serious adverse reactions. Possible pain at the injection site, slight fever, and very rarely allergic reactions. These phenomena quickly pass on their own. The overall incidence of any adverse events is 2-5%.

List of medical contraindications for preventive vaccinations:

All vaccines- severe reaction or post-vaccination complication to a previous dose
All live vaccines, incl. oral live polio vaccine (OPV)- immunodeficiency state (primary), immunosuppression, malignant neoplasms. Pregnancy.
BCG- child’s birth weight is less than 2000 g, keloid scar, including after the previous dose
DTP- progressive diseases of the nervous system, history of afebrile seizures
Live measles vaccine (LMV), live mumps vaccine (LMV), rubella, as well as combined single and trivaccines (measles-mumps, |measles-rubella-mumps)
Hepatitis B vaccine- allergic reaction to baker's yeast
Vaccines ADS, ADS-M, AD-M- have no permanent contraindications

*Acute infectious and non-infectious diseases, exacerbation of chronic diseases are temporary contraindications for vaccinations. Scheduled vaccinations are carried out 2-4 weeks after recovery or during the period of convalescence or remission. For mild ARVI and acute intestinal diseases, vaccinations are carried out immediately after the temperature has normalized.

The administration of live vaccines to pregnant women is contraindicated, which is associated not so much with the danger of their teratogenic effect (such cases have not been described in the world literature), but with the possibility of associating the birth of a defective child with vaccination, for example, with a birth defect or hereditary disease.

After administration of the rubella vaccine, women of childbearing age are prescribed contraception for 2 months. If this vaccine is administered during an undiagnosed pregnancy, it will not be interrupted.

Foreign preparations of measles and mumps vaccines are prepared on chicken embryos and therefore they are not administered to persons with anaphylactic reactions to chicken protein (immediate shock reaction or swelling of the tissues of the face and larynx). Domestic measles and mumps vaccines are prepared using Japanese quail eggs, although this contraindication does not directly apply to them; the possibility of cross-allergic reactions should be kept in mind.

Preventive vaccinations are provided to citizens in medical organizations free of charge. Before carrying out a preventive vaccination, the person to be vaccinated is explained the need for immunoprophylaxis of infectious diseases, possible post-vaccination reactions and complications, as well as the consequences of refusing a preventive vaccination. Before vaccination, the patient is examined by a doctor or paramedic. Parents of children must be notified in advance about immunization in preschool institutions and schools.

Vaccination calendar for epidemic indications

In addition to the National Calendar, there is also a Vaccination Calendar for epidemic indications - in the event of complications in the sanitary and epidemiological situation or the threat of an epidemic (natural disasters, major accidents on the water supply and sewerage networks).

Conscripts are considered to be at risk. According to the calendar, they must be vaccinated against meningococcal infection, pneumococcal infection, chickenpox and influenza.

Vaccinations against ticks

Epidemic indications also include travel to regions with an unfavorable epidemic situation for tick-borne encephalitis. In the indigenous population, who have lived for a long time in areas of tick-borne encephalitis, antibodies to it are found in the blood - that is, immunity from this disease. But only vaccination can protect visitors from tick-borne encephalitis.

Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is carried out using inactivated vaccines, which are administered in at least two doses with an interval of at least a month. The third vaccination is done for revaccination. Even an “emergency” vaccination scheme requires at least one and a half months. This vaccine does not protect against Lyme disease (tick-borne borreliosis), tick-borne typhus, or other infections carried by ticks.