Klion l candles. Indications for use. Pharmacological effects of Klion-D

Health problems can cause a lot of trouble, cause despondency and depression, and also affect your financial situation. Therefore, if you feel unwell or if you notice unusual symptoms, you should consult a doctor. This applies to both men and women. Women's health requires special care; if discomfort occurs, you should consult a doctor, and do not tolerate it under any circumstances. Previously, we wrote about the use of Klion D, in this article on, we will talk about the cost of the drug, about Klion D suppositories and about the use of the medicine during pregnancy and lactation.

Indications for use of Klion D

Most often, women suffer from vaginitis - this is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the female genital organs caused by disturbances in the microflora. Many women do not even suspect that they have this disease, because the immune system of a healthy woman is able to prevent the massive proliferation of bacteria. But once the immune system weakens, symptoms appear.

In this case, doctors prescribe Klion D suppositories. This is a drug whose main substance is metronidazole along with miconazole nitrate. The second substance enhances the effect of the first. Pathogenic microorganisms are completely destroyed, treatment is faster and easier. For this reason, many doctors prefer Klion over cheaper analogues. Klion D instructions contain more complete and detailed information about the action of active substances.

Instructions for use

The drug is prescribed by doctors, immediately determining the dosage and length of the course of treatment. For trichomonas vaginitis, 1 tablet is usually prescribed once a day. It is important to take Klion D orally, along with local treatment. The course of treatment is 10 days; if the form is severe or chronic, the treatment period may be longer. Other types of vaginitis (nonspecific and candidal) are also treated for 10 days, however, only topical use of the drug is sufficient. Klion is taken 1 suppository 2 times a day.

Klion D instructions for use also state that the medicine can be used to treat other infectious diseases. During treatment, patients may experience side effects.

Side effects

Side effects to the drug Klion D are the following reactions:

• Local reaction. Since Klion D 100 is a topical drug, it may cause some discomfort. This is due to the effect of the active substance on inflamed tissue. Itching, burning, and pain may occur. Sometimes white discharge appears.
• Digestive system. Side effects can occur with both local and internal use, since metronidazole is very well absorbed by the mucous membrane. Once in the blood, the substance has an effect on the entire body. From the digestive system, nausea may occur, leading to vomiting, loss of appetite and a metallic taste in the mouth, abdominal pain and indigestion.
• Nervous system. During the course, headaches and dizziness may appear. For this reason, while taking Klion D, patients are not recommended to drive. The ability to work also decreases, fatigue and drowsiness appear, so doctors recommend that their patients take sick leave during the period of treatment.
• Hematopoietic system. Metronidazole can also negatively affect the hematopoietic system. This substance disrupts the formation of leukocytes. There are either too many of them or not enough. And immunity, which is very important during treatment, depends on leukocytes. Therefore, supervision by a doctor during treatment is very important.
• Leather. If during the course a rash appears or some areas of the skin begin to itch, then this is also a side effect of metronidazole.
• Urinary system. The active substance accumulates in the urinary system, so sand or even stones can form in the kidneys and even in the liver. The urine turns reddish-brown during treatment.

Instructions for using candles Klion D 100

If the disease progresses, the doctor prescribes internal treatment along with local treatment. For vaginitis, it is recommended to take 1 tablet 1-2 times a day for 10 days along with local treatment with suppositories. If a patient is prescribed Klion D 100 for the treatment of giardiasis, the course will be 5-7 days, 2 tablets 2 times a day. For amoebiasis, adults are prescribed to take 2 tablets 3 times a day for 7-10 days.

The suppositories should be inserted deep into the vagina, after moistening with water. Topical use of the drug is recommended before bedtime. When inserting a suppository, a woman is recommended to lie on her back and tuck her forehead to her chin. If possible, after introducing the candle, do the “birch tree” exercise for 2 minutes. Then you should go straight to bed.

Separately, it is worth noting that not everyone can take Klion D.

Contraindications:

• Leukopenia. For those who suffer from blood diseases, the use of the drug is not recommended. This is due to the fact that metronidazole almost always causes side effects. A healthy person will not always notice them, but people with specific diseases can suffer serious harm.
• Liver failure. The active substance is toxic to the body, the liver receives a heavy load. If the patient has problems with the liver, the doctor should reduce the dose or select another drug.
• Klion D should also not be taken during pregnancy. It will have a serious destructive effect on the fetus. In this case, the doctor selects another, more gentle treatment. The same goes for those who are breastfeeding.
• Children's age up to 12 years.
• Allergy to any of the components of the drug.

Price

Klion D 100 or another dosage can be found in any pharmacy in Russia. One package contains 10 candles. As noted by patients who have taken the drug, its price is quite affordable. The cost in different pharmacies may fluctuate, the difference will be up to several tens of rubles. If you ask any Klion D pharmacy for suppositories, the price of the drug will be about 400 rubles.

Conclusion

Although it is quite easy to buy the drug and there is a lot of information about it on the Internet, you should not self-medicate under any circumstances. If you feel unwell, consult a doctor to completely get rid of the problem and carry out the correct course of treatment without harming other body systems. In the article, you can learn more about how to use the medicine, as well as read consumer reviews.

Price from 313 rubles. The analogue is 21 rubles cheaper

Instructions for use for Klion D 100

Dosage form:

COMPOSITION per 1 tablet:
Active substances: metronidazole - 100 mg and miconazole nitrate - 100 mg;
Excipients: sodium lauryl sulfate - 0.50 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 7.00 mg, magnesium stearate - 13.00 mg, povidone - 26.00 mg, sodium bicarbonate - 90.00 mg, tartaric acid - 100.00 mg, sodium carboxymethyl starch (type A) - 100.00 mg, crospovidone - 100.00 mg, hypromellose - 190.00 mg, lactose monohydrate - 473.50 mg.

DESCRIPTION
Biconvex oval tablets with a pointed end, almost white in color, with “100” engraved on one side.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:

ATX Code: G01AF20.

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Pharmacodynamics
A combined drug for intravaginal use containing metronidazole and miconazole. Metronidazole is an antiprotozoal and antimicrobial drug, a derivative of 5-nitroimidazole. The mechanism of action is the biochemical reduction of the 5-nitro group of metronidazole by intracellular transport proteins of anaerobic microorganisms and protozoa. The reduced 5-nitro group of metronidazole interacts with the DNA of microbial cells, inhibiting the synthesis of their nucleic acids, which leads to the death of bacteria and protozoa. Active against Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Gardnerella vaginalis, Giardia lamblia, as well as obligate anaerobes Bacteroides spp. (including Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides vulgatus), Fusobacterium spp., Veillonella spp., Prevotella (Prevotella bivia, Prevotella buccae, Prevotella disiens) and some gram-positive microorganisms (Eubacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp.). The MIC for these strains is 0.125-6.25 µg/ml.
Aerobic microorganisms and facultative anaerobes are insensitive to metronidazole, but in the presence of mixed flora (aerobes and anaerobes), metronidazole acts synergistically with antibiotics effective against aerobes.
Miconazole is an effective antimycotic agent that acts primarily against dermatophytes and yeast fungi. When used intravaginally, it is active mainly against Candida albicans. Miconazole inhibits the biosynthesis of ergosterol in fungi and changes the composition of other lipid components in the membrane, which leads to the death of fungal cells. Miconazole does not change the composition of normal microflora and vaginal pH.
Pharmacokinetics
When administered intravaginally, metronidazole is absorbed into the systemic circulation. The maximum concentration of metronidazole in the blood is determined after 6-12 hours and is approximately 50% of the maximum concentration that is achieved (after 1-3 hours) after a single oral dose of metronidazole. Metronidazole passes into breast milk and most tissues, crosses the blood-brain barrier and the placenta. Communication with plasma proteins is less than 20%. Metabolized in the liver by hydroxylation, oxidation and glucuronidation. The activity of the main metabolite (2-hydroxymetronidazole) is 30% of the activity of the parent compound.
Excreted by the kidneys - 60-80% of the dose of the systemic drug (20% of this amount unchanged). The metabolite of metronidazole, 2-hydroxymetronidazole, colors urine red-brown due to the presence of a water-soluble pigment formed as a result of the metabolism of metronidazole. The intestines excrete 6-15% of the dose of the systemic drug.
Systemic absorption of miconazole after intravaginal use is low.
Rapidly destroyed in the liver. It overcomes histohematic barriers poorly.
8 hours after using the drug, 90% of miconazole is still present in the vagina. Unchanged miconazole is not detectable in either plasma or urine.

INDICATIONS FOR USE
Local treatment of vaginitis of mixed etiology caused simultaneously by Trichomonas spp. and Candida spp.

CONTRAINDICATIONS
- increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug and other azoles;
- pregnancy (first trimester);
- lactation period;
- leukopenia (including history);
- organic lesions of the central nervous system (including epilepsy);
- liver failure;
- children's age (up to 12 years). WITH CAUTION Diabetes mellitus, microcirculation disorders. USE IN PREGNANCY AND LACTATION Pregnancy Klion-D 100 is contraindicated for use in the first trimester of pregnancy. The use of the drug in the second and third trimesters is possible only in cases where the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus. Lactation period Klion-D 100 passes into breast milk. If you need to use the drug, you should stop breastfeeding. During breastfeeding, the use of Klion-D 100 is contraindicated.

METHOD OF APPLICATION AND DOSES
Intravaginally. 1 vaginal tablet (pre-moistened with water) is inserted deep into the vagina in the evening before bed for 10 days in combination with taking the drug metronidazole orally.

SIDE EFFECT
Local reactions: itching, burning, pain, irritation of the vaginal mucosa; thick, white, mucous vaginal discharge without odor or with a faint odor, frequent urination; burning sensation or irritation of the penis in a sexual partner;
From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, changes in taste, metallic taste in the mouth, decreased appetite, spastic abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation;
Allergic reactions: urticaria, itching of the skin, rash;
From the central nervous system: headache, dizziness;
From the hematopoietic system: leukopenia or leukocytosis;
From the genitourinary system: the red-brown color of urine is caused by a metabolite of metronidazole - 2-oxymetronidazole, due to the presence of a water-soluble pigment formed as a result of the metabolism of metronidazole.

OVERDOSE
There are no data regarding overdose with intravaginal use of metronidazole. However, when used concomitantly with metronidazole orally, systemic effects may develop.
Symptoms of metronidazole overdose: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, generalized itching, metallic taste in the mouth, movement disorders (ataxia), dizziness, paresthesia, convulsions, peripheral neuropathy, leukopenia, darkening of urine.
No symptoms of miconazole overdose have been identified.
Treatment: in case of accidental ingestion of a large number of vaginal tablets Klion-D 100, if necessary, gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal, and hemodialysis can be performed. Metronidazole does not have a specific antidote. Metronidazole and its metabolites are readily eliminated by hemodialysis.
If any symptoms of overdose occur, symptomatic and supportive therapy is recommended.

INTERACTION WITH OTHER MEDICINES
Since the systemic absorption of miconazole is low, interactions with other drugs are caused by metronidazole.
Metronidazole is compatible with sulfonamides and antibiotics. When consumed simultaneously, alcohol causes reactions similar to disulfiram (cramping abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, skin flushing).
Concomitant use with disulfiram is unacceptable (additive effects, may cause confusion).
The drug may enhance the effect of indirect anticoagulants. Prothrombin time may increase, so dose adjustment of indirect anticoagulants is necessary. It is not recommended to combine with non-depolarizing muscle relaxants (vecuronium bromide). Inducers of microsomal oxidation enzymes in the liver (for example, phenytoin, phenobarbital) can accelerate the elimination of metronidazole, which will lead to a decrease in its concentration in the blood plasma.
Cimetidine inhibits the metabolism of metronidazole, which can lead to an increase in its concentration in the blood serum and an increased risk of developing side effects.
The concentration of lithium in the blood may increase during the course of treatment with metronidazole, therefore, before starting to use Klion-D 100, it is necessary to reduce the dose of lithium or stop taking it for the duration of treatment.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
The consumption of alcoholic beverages during the course of therapy with Klion-D 100 is strictly prohibited. During treatment with Klion-D 100, it is recommended to abstain from sexual intercourse. Simultaneous treatment of sexual partners is recommended.
When using Klion-D 100, slight leukopenia may be observed, so it is advisable to monitor the blood picture (the number of leukocytes) at the beginning and at the end of therapy.
Metronidazole can immobilize treponemes, resulting in a false-positive TPI test (Treponema Pallidum Immobilization test or Nelson's treponemal test).

Impact on the ability to drive a car and other mechanical means.
If side effects from the central nervous system occur, you should refrain from driving vehicles and working with potentially dangerous mechanisms.

RELEASE FORM
Vaginal tablets, 100 mg+100 mg.
10 tablets in a soft aluminum foil strip, coated on one side and varnished on the other side. 1 strip with instructions for use in a cardboard box.

STORAGE CONDITIONS
Store at a temperature of 15-30 °C, protected from light and moisture.
Keep out of the reach of children!

BEST BEFORE DATE
5 years.
Do not use after the expiration date.

CONDITIONS OF VACATION FROM PHARMACIES
Dispensed by prescription.

Effective, but causes a lot of inconvenience

Advantages: Effective, relatively inexpensive

Disadvantages: Causes a burning sensation, leaks heavily, turns urine brick-colored

I was treated with it quite recently, just a couple of months ago. I had a mixed infection - both vaginitis and thrush, so the gynecologist gave me a choice of several complex medications. I chose Klion because it turned out to be the best price, plus a friend also used it and was very pleased. I can say the same because I was cured of both diseases in just 8 days. The symptoms did not recur, tests showed that the inflammation and fungus were eliminated, so in terms of effectiveness, I can give Klion an “excellent” rating. But regarding the convenience and comfort of treatment, everything is not so smooth. The tablets cause quite a strong burning sensation, especially in the first days. I introduced them at night, because of this, sometimes I lay awake until midnight and suffered from unpleasant sensations. I also didn’t like the fact that Klion leaks a lot. Even if you use it at night, foamy discharge occurs in a very large volume during the next day, and you cannot do without pads. The last unpleasant moment even scared me a little, because by the end of the treatment my urine began to resemble rust in color. Okay, after finishing the treatment it went away, but I still didn’t understand what it was connected with.

Inexpensive, versatile product

Advantages: Favorable price, cost-effectiveness, efficiency, fast action

Disadvantages: May have side effects

I have been using the drug for several years now, because despite its great advantages, it has very few disadvantages. The price is favorable, it costs about 300 rubles for a package of 10 tablets. This is more than enough for one course of treatment and is very economical. The tablets are universal and help against many diseases. I have already treated both thrush and inflammation, and I managed to get rid of everything successfully, and in a short time. At most, I was treated for a week, for complicated thrush. Klion copes with a regular one in just 3-4 days. Other means, even if effective, do not give such a quick result, so Klion is the best in this matter. Regarding side effects, I can say that they exist, but they are not critical. During the entire history of treatment, I had mild nausea, a headache and a taste of iron in my mouth. But as I was able to notice, these symptoms occur only with long-term (more than 4-5 days) use of the product, and, moreover, they only cause discomfort and not harm to health.

The result is not worth such suffering

Advantages: Effective, helped quickly

Disadvantages: Causes a lot of discomfort, difficult to insert

I definitely won’t use this miracle product again; once was enough for me. The troubles started already when I decided to use the first tablet. It turned out to be large, very rough, and now imagine what it’s like to insert it into a place where everything already hurts and itches unbearably. The pain is incredible, and it would be nice to be able to insert the pill quickly, but no - because of the unsmooth surface, you have to literally stuff it into yourself. The problems do not end after the injection, because then a terrible feeling of burning and stinging begins to drive you to white heat. Judging by my feelings, it was not a pill to treat candidiasis that was placed inside me, but a hive of angry bees. And you don’t expect that this nightmare will go away after half an hour, it lasted me for five hours, and only then I felt a little better. It’s simply unbearable to suffer like this every day, so I didn’t last more than 4 days. During this time, the drug practically cured candidiasis, which was an honor for him, but the treatment itself turned out to be too difficult. And the most important thing is that the same effect can be obtained without the above-described torment. The next time I had the same illness, I tried Pimafucin suppositories, and they cured me just as quickly, without causing absolutely any discomfort. There is very little difference in price between the products, so I personally don’t see any point in taking Klion D.

Klion-D 100 is an antiviral, antifungal drug for external use.

The main feature is the combinatorial chemical interaction of two active substances - metronidazole and miconazole. It is a completely synthetic drug that treats diseases associated with infections of the genital system.

On this page you will find all the information about Klion D: complete instructions for use for this drug, average prices in pharmacies, complete and incomplete analogues of the drug, as well as reviews from people who have already used Klion D suppositories. Do you want to leave your opinion? Please write in the comments.

Clinical and pharmacological group

A drug with antibacterial, antiprotozoal and antifungal effects for topical use in gynecology.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

Dispensed with a doctor's prescription.

Prices

How much do Klion D candles cost? The average price in pharmacies is 400 rubles.

Release form and composition

• Active ingredients: 100 mg metronidazole and 100 mg miconazole nitrate in each vaginal tablet.
• Excipients: sodium lauryl sulfate; colloidal silica anhydrous; magnesium stearate; povidone; sodium bicarbonate; wine acid; sodium carboxymethyl starch type A; crospovidone; hypromellose; lactose monohydrate.

Pharmacological effect

The antifungal effect that the drug Klion-D has is possible due to the content of two powerful components - miconazole and metronidazole.

The first active substance of vaginal tablets fights the fungus itself, by affecting the cell membrane of microorganisms. They begin to weaken and soon die. Miconazole relieves the irritating itching that accompanies all fungal ailments. This component of the drug is poorly absorbed into the blood if introduced into the vagina. Its presence is not detected either in the blood or in waste products. The advantage of miconazole is that even after 8 hours, about 90% of the substance is in the vaginal environment, providing an antifungal effect all this time.

Metronidazole Klion-D 100 acts as an antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent. It penetrates the DNA of microbes and blocks the process of cell division. With the help of this substance, the pathogen stops growth and reproduction.

Indications for use

What do they treat? Klion D is prescribed to eliminate infectious and inflammatory diseases, the cause of which is associated with the negative effect of a number of anaerobic bacteria. Such diseases include osteomyelitis, sepsis, brain abscesses, peritonitis, lung and pelvic abscesses, meningitis, endometritis and gas gangrene.

• It is also used for preventive purposes to get rid of infectious complications (caused by anaerobic streptococci and bacteroides) after surgery in the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs.

In some cases, suppositories are used to treat local vaginal infections.

Contraindications

Klion D should not be taken in the following cases:

1. Klion D should not be used during pregnancy (in the first trimester) and lactation;
2. For blood diseases, leukopenia, problems with coordination of movement, liver failure, disorders of the central nervous system;
3. Patients with diabetes mellitus and blood microcirculation disorders require additional consultation;
4. If the patient is hypersensitive to some components of this drug.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Klion-D 100 is contraindicated for use in the first trimester of pregnancy. The use of the drug in the second and third trimesters is possible only in cases where the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

Metronidazole is excreted in breast milk. During breastfeeding, the use of Klion-D 100 is contraindicated. If it is necessary to use the drug during lactation, breastfeeding should be stopped.

Instructions for use

The instructions for use indicate that Klion-D suppositories are used intravaginally, after moistening the tablet with water.

Typically, the course of treatment with Klion-d 100 lasts 10 days with simultaneous oral administration of drugs containing metronidazole (Klion-d).

Instructions for tablets

Klion-d in tablet form is taken:

1. For giardiasis - 2 tablets 2 times a day for a week;
2. For amoebiasis - 2 tablets three times a day for 7-10 days;
3. For trichomonas - one twice a day, morning and evening, for 10 days. It is possible to use 8 tablets as a single dose in the evening.

Side effects

The drug is well tolerated by patients, but in some cases the following adverse reactions develop:

1. Change in urine color;
2. Increased vaginal discharge;
3. Changes in the clinical blood picture;
4. From the central nervous system – dizziness and headaches;
5. Allergic reactions - skin rash, urticaria, in rare cases, the development of angioedema;
6. From the digestive tract - in rare cases, stool disturbances, changes in taste, dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain, increased gas formation;
7. Local manifestations - discomfort, itching, burning, swelling, redness of the mucous membranes, sensation of a foreign body in the vagina.

Overdose

There are no data regarding overdose with intravaginal use of metronidazole. However, when used concomitantly with metronidazole orally, systemic effects may develop.

Symptoms of metronidazole overdose: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, generalized itching, metallic taste in the mouth, movement disorders (ataxia), dizziness, paresthesia, convulsions, peripheral neuropathy, leukopenia, dark urine.

Treatment: in case of accidental ingestion of a large number of vaginal tablets Klion-D 100, if necessary, gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal, and hemodialysis can be performed. Metronidazole does not have a specific antidote.

No symptoms of miconazole overdose have been identified.

special instructions

1. Metronidazole can immobilize treponemes, resulting in a false-positive TPI test (Nelson test).
2. During the period of use of the drug, you should not drink alcohol (risk of developing disulfiram-like reactions).
3. When using Klion-D 100, slight leukopenia may be observed, so it is advisable to monitor the blood picture (the number of leukocytes) at the beginning and at the end of therapy.
4. During the period of use of the drug, it is recommended to abstain from sexual intercourse. Simultaneous treatment of sexual partners is recommended.

If side effects from the central nervous system occur, you should refrain from driving vehicles and working with potentially dangerous mechanisms.

Drug interactions

Klion-D 100 may cause negative reactions with other medications, or, on the contrary, increase effectiveness. Do not combine the drug with the following compounds:

1. Phenobarbital leads to a decrease in metronidazole concentrations.
2. Cimetidine can cause toxicity as it impairs metabolism.
3. Muscle relaxants of the non-depolarizing category.
4. Absolute antagonism with ethanol.
5. The content of lithium components increases, which requires adjustment of the dosage of such medications.

The drug is compatible with antibiotics of different groups, including para-aminobenzenesulfamides. You should refrain from intimacy during the course.

Trade name of the drug: Klion

International nonproprietary name:

Chemical rational name: 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol

Dosage form:

Compound:

Description:
Tablets are white or white with yellowish-greenish to light yellow with a greenish tint, flat-cylindrical in shape with a chamfer on both sides and a score on one side.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:

CodeATX:

Pharmachologic effect:
Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial drug, a derivative of 5-nitroimidazole. The mechanism of action is the biochemical reduction of the 5-nitro group by intracellular transport proteins of anaerobic microorganisms and protozoa. The reduced 5-nitro group interacts with the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the microbial cell, inhibiting the synthesis of their nucleic acids, which leads to the death of bacteria.
Active against Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolitica, Gamerella vaginalis, Giardia intestinalis, Lamblia spp., as well as obligate anaerobes Bacteroides spp. (including Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides vulgatus), Fusobacterium spp., Veillonela spp., Prevotella (P. bivia, P. buccae, P. disiens), and some gram-positive microorganisms ( Eubacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp.).
The minimum inhibitory concentration for these strains is 0.125 μg/ml. In combination with amoxicillin, it is active against Helicobacter pylori (amoxicillin suppresses the development of resistance to metronidazole). Aerobic microorganisms and facultative anaerobes are not sensitive to metronidazole, but in the presence of mixed flora (aerobes and anaerobes), metronidazole acts synergistically with antibiotics that are effective against common aerobes. Increases the sensitivity of tumors to radiation, causes sensitization to alcohol (disulfiram-like effect), stimulates reparative processes.

Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption - high (bioavailability of at least 80%). It has high penetrating ability, reaching bactericidal concentrations in most tissues and body fluids, including lungs, kidneys, liver, skin, cerebrospinal fluid, brain, bile, saliva, amniotic fluid, abscess cavities, vaginal secretions, seminal fluid, breast milk. Penetrates the blood-brain and placental barrier. Volume of distribution: adults - approximately 0.55 l/kg, newborns - 0.54 - 0.81 l/kg.
The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood (Cmax) ranges from 6 to 40 mcg/ml, depending on the dose. Time to reach maximum concentration (TC max) - 1-3 hours.
Communication with plasma proteins - 10-20%.
About 30-60% of metronidazole is metabolized in the body by hydroxylation, oxidation and glucuronidation. The main metabolite (2-oxymetronidazole) also has antiprotozoal and antimicrobial effects.
The half-life (T 1/2) with normal liver function is 8 hours (from 6 to 12 hours), with alcoholic liver damage - 18 hours (from 10 to 29 hours), in newborns: those born during pregnancy - 28-30 weeks . - approximately 75 hours, respectively 32-35 weeks. - 35 hours, 36-40 weeks. - 25 hours. 60-80% is excreted by the kidneys (20% unchanged), through the intestines - 6-15%.
Renal clearance - 10.2 ml/min. In patients with impaired renal function, accumulation of metronidazole in the blood serum may occur after repeated administration (therefore, the frequency of dosing should be reduced in patients with severe renal impairment).
Metronidazole and its main metabolites are quickly removed from the blood during hemodialysis (T1/2 is reduced to 2.6 hours). During peritoneal dialysis, it is excreted in small quantities.

Indications:
Protozoal infections: extraintestinal anabiasis, including amoebic liver abscess, intestinal amebiasis (amebic dysentery), trichomoniasis, giardiasis, balantidiasis, giardiasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, trichomonas vaginitis, trichomonas urethritis. Infections caused by Bacteroides spp. (including B. fragilis, B. distasonis, B. ovatus, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. vulgatus): infections of bones and joints, infections of the central nervous system (CNS), incl. meningitis, brain abscess, bacterial endocarditis, pneumonia, empyema and lung abscess.
Infections caused by Bacteroides species, including the B.fragilis group, Clostridium, Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus species: abdominal infections (peritonitis, liver abscess), pelvic infections (endometritis, endomyometritis, fallopian tube and ovarian abscess, vaginal vault infections after surgery) , skin and soft tissue infections.
Infections caused by Bacteroides species, including the B.fragilis group and Clostridium species: sepsis, pseudomemranous colitis (associated with the use of antibiotics).
Gastritis or duodenal ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori, alcoholism.
Prevention of postoperative complications (especially interventions on the colon, perirectal area, appendectomy, gynecological operations).
Radiation therapy for patients with tumors - as a radiosensitizing agent, in cases where tumor resistance is due to hypoxia in tumor cells.

Contraindications:

Directions for use and dosage:

Side effects:
From the digestive system: diarrhea, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, intestinal colic, constipation, “metallic” taste in the mouth, dry mouth, glossitis, stomatitis, pancreatitis.
From the nervous system: dizziness, impaired coordination of movements, ataxia, confusion, irritability, depression, increased excitability, weakness, insomnia, headache, convulsions, hallucinations, peripheral neuropathy.
Allergic reactions: urticaria, skin rash, skin hyperemia, nasal congestion, fever, arthralgia.
From the genitourinary system: dysuria, cystitis, polyuria, urinary incontinence, candidiasis, red-brown coloring of urine.
Other: neutropenia, leukopenia, flattening of the T wave on the electrocardiogram.

Interaction:
Strengthens the effect of indirect anticoagulants, which leads to an increase in the time of prothrombin formation.
Similar to disulfiram, it causes ethanol intolerance. Concomitant use with disulfiram can lead to the development of various neurological symptoms (the interval between prescriptions is at least 2 weeks).
Cimetidine inhibits the metabolism of metronidazole, which may lead to an increase in its concentration in the blood serum and an increased risk of side effects.
The simultaneous administration of drugs that stimulate microsomal oxidation enzymes in the liver (phenobarbital, phenytoin) can accelerate the elimination of metronidazole, resulting in a decrease in its plasma concentration.
When taken simultaneously with lithium preparations, the concentration of the latter in plasma may increase and symptoms of intoxication may develop.
It is not recommended to combine with non-depolarizing muscle relaxants (vecuronium bromide).
Sulfonamides enhance the antimicrobial effect of metronidazole.

Special instructions:

Release form
Tablets 250 mg. Packaging: 10 tablets per blister pack, 2 packs with instructions for use per pack.

Storage conditions
List B.
At a temperature of 15 to 30 ° C in a place protected from light, out of reach of children.

Best before date
5 years.
Do not use after expiration date.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
By doctor's prescription.

Manufacturer
CJSC "Gedeon Richter-Rus"
140342 Russia, Moscow region, pos. Shuvoe, Lesnaya, 40.

Klion D is an antibacterial and antifungal pharmacological product used in gynecology.

International nonproprietary name

Metronidazole.

ATX and registration number

J01XD01 - Antimicrobial agents for systemic use.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Intravaginal antiseptic and antifungal imidazole derivatives prescribed in therapeutic regimens for gynecological diseases.

Antibiotic or not

Combined antibacterial pharmacological product.

Mechanism of action

The effectiveness is due to the presence of active ingredients - metronidazole (group 5 nitroimidazole) and miconazole.

Metronidazole affects the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid by the bacterium, which subsequently leads to its death. Effective against protozoan microorganisms and anaerobic bacteria.

Miconazole is active against dermatophytes, yeast, yeast-like and other pathogenic fungi. At the same time, it does not change the composition of the normal vaginal microflora.

Acting simultaneously, they have antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, and antifungal effects.

Composition and release form

Produced in the form of intravaginal, each of which contains:

• metronidazole - 100 mg;
• miconazole nitrate - 100 mg.

What does it treat?

Used in complex treatment for:

• candidiasis;
• bacterial and/or fungal vaginitis;
• trichomoniasis;
• giardiasis;
• extraintestinal amoebiasis.

Contraindications to the use of Klion D

According to the instructions for use, the drug is not used if the patient’s medical history includes:

• intolerance to the constituent components of the medication;
• some blood diseases;
• pathological processes in the liver;
• congenital lactose intolerance or lactase deficiency;
• CNS diseases.

In addition, it is not prescribed at the initial stage of pregnancy, during the lactation period and under the age of 12 years.

Directions for use and dosage

Intravaginally. The therapeutic regimen and its duration are determined by the gynecologist depending on the clinical manifestations of the disease.

For trichomoniasis

1 intravaginal pill into the vagina in the morning and evening. The highest daily dosage is 8 units of the drug.

For thrush

1 time per day, 1 suppository at night. Use within 10 days.

How to insert

Intravaginally. Pre-moistened with water.

Special instructions when using Klion D

When combined with alcohol, there is a risk of developing disulfiram-like reactions. In addition, alcohol-containing drinks neutralize the effect of the antibiotic.

During the course of use, it is necessary to exclude sexual contact.

Simultaneous therapy of the male sexual partner is necessary.

When using intravaginal suppositories, signs of leukopenia may be observed.

During menstruation

During pregnancy and lactation

Contraindicated in the early stages of pregnancy.

Prescription in the 2nd trimester is possible when all potential risks to the mother and fetus are taken into account. Maximum effectiveness can be achieved after 36 weeks of pregnancy.

Absorbed into mother's milk, therefore use during the lactation period is prohibited.

In childhood

Not prescribed for girls under 12 years of age.

In old age

In older patients, pharmacokinetic properties may slow down.

For liver dysfunction

Not prescribed for liver failure.

For impaired renal function

Does not require changing the mode of application.

Side effects of Klion D

During treatment, sometimes unpleasant reactions of the body occur in the form of local manifestations:

• itching, burning, discomfort in the vagina;
• profuse, odorless white discharge;
• irritation of the partner's penis.

The body's response from the gastrointestinal tract can be expressed in the form of nausea, diarrhea, constipation, dysfunction of taste buds or decreased appetite.

In addition, some women report dizziness, headaches, allergic rashes, as well as frequent urge to urinate and dark colored urine.

Discharge

The use of vaginal suppositories may cause unusual secretion in the vagina. The amount and nature of discharge depend on factors such as:

• nature of the disease;
• neglect of the pathological process;
• patient's age;
• the presence of other pathologies of the genitourinary system;
• presence of allergies.

Burning

This is a normal vaginal reaction to the use of this type of pill. May appear on any day of use. It is not an indication for stopping treatment.

Effect on driving

Not found.

Overdose

There is no information about cases of overdose. With simultaneous use of metronidazole orally, systemic effects may develop. In this case, the clinical manifestations of poisoning are:

• gastrointestinal disorders;
• dizziness;
• numbness of the limbs;
• convulsive conditions;
• motor dysfunction.

There is no specific antidote for metronidazole, so restorative therapy is carried out according to symptoms.

Drug interactions

Incompatible with medications containing:

• ethanol;
• disulfiram.

Not combined with non-depolarizing muscle relaxants.

Prescribed with caution when taking:

• Cimetidine;
• lithium preparations;
• indirect anticoagulants;
• inducers of microsomal liver enzymes.

Alcohol compatibility

Drinking alcoholic beverages while using intravaginal suppositories can lead to the following:

• dizziness;
• chest pain;
• increased heart rate;
• lowering blood pressure;
• general weakness;
• stomach ache;
• facial skin hyperemia;
• nausea and vomiting.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

With a doctor's prescription.

How much does it cost in Russia and Ukraine

The price in Russia can vary from 320 to 600 rubles. In Ukraine it can be purchased in the price range from 160 to 260 grams.

Storage conditions

In a dark and dry place with a temperature no higher than 30˚C. Hide from children.

Best before date

Analogs

Substitutes are:

• Gainex;
• Limenda;
• Neo-Penotran Forte et al.

Which is better - Klion or Klion D

The difference between intravaginal suppositories and traditional oral pills is not only in the method of use, but also in the composition. The presence of miconazole provides an additional local antimycotic effect, which is a clear advantage of this dosage form.