What does erosion look like after? Cervical erosion: causes, symptoms, treatment methods. What is true and false erosion

Anna Mironova

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The question of the dangers of cervical erosion arises among modern women quite often. This diagnosis is the most common - it appears in the medical records of every second girl of childbearing age. Read also: What is known about this disease, what are its consequences and causes?

What is cervical erosion and what does it look like - photo

The disease may not manifest itself clinically in any way. Many people find out about erosion only after being examined by a doctor using special mirrors. Although for a final diagnosis one cannot do without special tests and sometimes biopsies . Represents erosion defect of the mucous membrane (2 mm - 2-3 cm) of the cervix in the form of a wound, ulceration .

Externally, erosion is similar to small red spot , located on a light pink background of the mucosa. Contrary to stereotypes, erosion is not a precancerous symptom - it only increases the risk of the disease.

Cervical erosion - causes of the disease

As a rule, it is almost impossible to determine the exact cause of the disease. But some of the possible reasons include:

Infections that are transmitted to a woman sexually (chlamydia, HPV, trichomoniasis, mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea, ureaplasmosis, herpes virus type 2, etc.).
Injury to the mucous membrane.
Menopause period.
Taking oral contraceptives.
Illiterate use of medicinal/contraceptive suppositories.
Careless examination by a gynecologist and subsequent injury to the external pharynx.
Rough sexual intercourse.
Frequent change of partners.
Starting sexual activity too early (you should know that the final protective layer of the vaginal mucosa is formed only after 20 years).
Microtraumas of the cervix after abortion, childbirth.
Reduced immunity.
Prolonged stress.
Hormonal disbalance.
Congenital disease.
Inflammatory diseases (bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, etc.).

Symptoms of cervical erosion - when to sound the alarm?

To begin with, you should understand that there is a concept of pseudo-erosion and true erosion.

Pseudo-erosion(ectopia) is a “velvety” red area of the mucous membrane, which normally occurs in young girls and women who have a high level of estrogen in the blood. That is, in short, this is a change in the cervix due to the characteristics of the female body.
True erosion- This is a wound on the mucous membrane that must be treated.

Unfortunately, erosion does not have any clear symptoms; for many months it may not appear at all. But, however, it may be accompanied by:

Discomfort in the vagina.
Spotting/heavy discharge (bloody) – pink, brown.
Moderate pain at the very bottom of the abdomen.
Pain during sexual intercourse.

Given the difficulties in defining the disease, You should definitely visit your gynecologist regularly . The shorter the duration of the disease, the easier it will be for you to cope with it.

Why is cervical erosion dangerous for nulliparous and parous women?

Of the main consequences of the disease, the following should be especially noted:

The body's vulnerability to infection . In short, erosion is an open door to infection.
Increasing risk development and appearance of various gynecological diseases.
Formation of an environment for the growth of bacteria and subsequent easy penetration of microbes into the uterus and ovaries.
Development of infertility (erosion is a “barrier” to fertilization).
Risk of cervical cancer.

Possible consequences erosions during pregnancy :

Miscarriage.
Premature birth.
The occurrence of colpitis, cervicitis.

Concerning nulliparous women, for them, treating erosion is associated with certain difficulties. Classic treatment of the disease leaves scars, which later, during childbirth, can cause certain problems (cervical ruptures, etc.). Therefore, other methods should be used. With timely treatment, erosion does not pose a great danger.

Pathological processes of the cervix lead in the structure of all female diseases. In this regard, any pathology in this area requires special attention. Ectopia and erosion of the cervix are background diseases and do not cause cancer, but a more serious pathology may be hidden under the guise of erosion. Colposcopy and cytological examination of scrapings from the cervix will help make an accurate diagnosis.

Normal structure of the cervix

Anatomically, the cervix of the uterus (cervix) is divided into two sections:

Vaginal part (exocervix), lined with stratified squamous non-keratinizing epithelium. The task of this portion of the cervix is to protect against mechanical damage due to keratin and from pathogens due to lactate produced by lactic acid bacteria.
Supravaginal part (endocervix, cervical canal, cervical canal), consisting mostly of smooth muscle fibers, surrounding the cervix in a circle, with inclusions of collagen and elastin fibers. The main function of this section during pregnancy is to create a mechanical barrier between the pregnant uterus and the external environment. During childbirth, part of the birth canal is formed from this portion of the cervix. The endocervix is lined with single-layer columnar epithelium.

At the border of the two sections of the cervix there is a layer of reserve cells covered with columnar epithelium. These cells can form both stratified squamous and columnar epithelium.

Most often, the border between the two types of epithelium is located at the level of the external pharynx. But under the influence of various conditions of the internal and external environment, it can shift.

During intrauterine development, a displacement of the border into the exocervix occurs. This is due to the effect of maternal hormones on the fetus. Sometimes this displacement persists until the onset of puberty. But as normal hormonal levels become normal, the zone of transition from stratified squamous epithelium to columnar epithelium moves to the same level as the external opening.

During the period of fertility, changes are observed in the cervix associated with cyclic fluctuations in the level of sex hormones. From 8-10 to 12-14 days of the cycle, the canal opening begins to open. This creates favorable conditions for pathogenic microbes to enter the uterus. To avoid the development of infection, colorless mucus forms in the lumen of the canal, playing the role of a “plug” and a trap for bacteria and fungi. Subsequently, the diameter of the hole decreases, the mucus gradually disappears.

During menopause, due to decreased estrogen production, the transition zone moves into the cervical canal. In parallel with this, atrophy of the mucous membrane of the vagina and uterus occurs, which is fertile ground for infectious and inflammatory processes.

It is necessary to distinguish between two processes that have great similarities, but are fundamentally different from each other in their approach to treatment and possible outcomes.

Erosion (scientifically it is more correct to call this condition true erosion, ESH) is an area of damage to the stratified squamous epithelium of the exocervix, resulting from exposure to various unfavorable factors.

Pseudo-erosion (scientific name - ectopia)- This is a focal replacement of stratified squamous epithelium with cylindrical epithelium.

An important difference between these phenomena is also that true erosion is considered as an unconditional pathological process that requires treatment, while ectopia is perceived by many doctors as a variant of the norm, requiring dynamic observation, and therapy - only in some cases.

Prevalence

True ESM is rarely diagnosed. This may be due to the high healing ability of the epithelium, due to which erosion in most cases disappears within a few days.

Ectopia, on the contrary, is one of the most common phenomena. Only according to official data, 40% of women show signs of pseudo-erosion. Half of the women who seek gynecological help are carriers of ectopia. Moreover, in 55% of cases this condition is diagnosed at the age of no more than 25 years.

Mechanism of development of erosion and pseudo-erosion

The mechanism for the appearance of true erosion is associated with mechanical, chemical, infectious, thermal or radiation damage to the upper layers of the epithelium of the exocervix. If the traumatic factor affects the epithelium once, restoration mechanisms are activated, and the defect quickly heals.

In some cases (repeated mechanical impact on the same area, malnutrition of the cervix, proliferation of bacteria in the erosion site), the area of damaged epithelium remains “bare” for a long time, which, in turn, is a favorable background for the development of infection and chronicity of the process.

The mechanism of development of pseudo-erosion is different. However, there is still no consensus as to what causes cervical ectopia.

Other researchers believe that the reason for the movement of columnar epithelium into the exocervix is cervical inversion associated with traumatic birth, impaired blood supply or innervation of the uterus.

A common theory for the development of ectopia is hormonal. According to this hypothesis, an imbalance of sex hormones causes the active transformation of reserve cells into columnar epithelium and a displacement of the transition zone into the vaginal part of the cervix.

The immunological theory also has the right to life, according to which pseudo-erosion of the cervix occurs due to a decrease in immunity and activation of “dormant” pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora.

Most experts tend to believe that each of these factors may play a role in the development of ectopia.

Predisposing factors for the development of erosion and pseudo-erosion are:

The presence of cervical ectopia in the mother.
The onset of puberty before 8 years of age.
Entering into sexual activity before the age of 16.
Pregnancy and childbirth up to 16 years of age.
Numerous pregnancies and births.
High level of estrogen in the blood.
Carriage of bacterial and fungal flora, viruses (herpes, human papilloma).
Mechanical damage to the epithelium (gynecological examination, medical abortion, curettage).

Types of erosion and ectopia

By origin, ectopia can be divided into the following groups:

Congenital - “physiological erosion”, most often healing spontaneously.
Acquired.
Recurrent – occurs again after a completed course of therapy.

According to the nature of the flow, pseudo-erosion can be:

Uncomplicated – does not cause discomfort, does not cause sexual dysfunction, and is detected only during a special gynecological examination.
Complicated – accompanies other pathological changes in the cervix, resulting in disturbances in subjective well-being and the sexual sphere.

Based on the histological structure, the following types of pseudo-erosion are distinguished:

Follicular (glandular) - under the layer of cylindrical epithelium there are many inflamed glands.
Papillary - large epithelial growths resembling papillae.
Healing - the appearance of small areas of stratified squamous epithelium against a cylindrical background.
Pseudoerosion with squamous metaplasia - atypical cells are located under a layer of cylindrical cells.

Classification of true erosions

Based on their origin, different types of true erosions can be distinguished:

Inflammatory - occurs as a result of softening and subsequent detachment of the upper layer of the epithelium.
Traumatic – due to direct mechanical impact, for example, gynecological instruments.
Burn - appears as a result of separation of the scab after local exposure to chemical irritants, an electrocoagulator or liquid nitrogen.
Dystrophic - occurs due to malnutrition and innervation of the uterus.
Oncological - appears after the disintegration of a section of the epithelium affected by the cancer process.
Syphilitic.

Reasons for the development of erosions and ectopia

The development of erosion is facilitated by the direct impact of the damaging factor on the stratified squamous epithelium of the vaginal portion of the cervix. Therefore, the immediate cause of true erosion is not difficult to establish.

The situation is different with regard to pseudo-erosion, since the movement of columnar epithelium into the exocervix is facilitated by many factors.

Ectopic cervix in nulliparous women

The most common causes of the development of pseudo-erosion of the cervix in nulliparous girls and women are hormonal disorders (hyperestrogenism) and pathogens of various infections (Trichomonas, chlamydia, gonococci, fungi of the genus Candida, papillomavirus, herpes virus - more often type II). In addition, previous abortions can contribute to the development of ectopia. A number of authors suggest that a decrease in the number of lactic acid bacteria in the vagina entails a change in the pH of the environment, which also plays a role in the development of pseudo-erosion of the cervix in nulliparous women.

Pseudo-erosion after childbirth

Predisposing factors to the development of ectopia after childbirth are trauma to the birth canal (large fetus, use of obstetric forceps or a vacuum extractor, rapid labor). This causes “everting” of the cervical mucosa. This condition is scientifically called ectropion. It is this that is the direct cause of pseudo-erosion of the cervix in the postpartum period. In the area of ectropion, the blood supply and innervation of the cervix are disrupted. As a result, the mucous membrane becomes extremely sensitive to various influences (cervical mucus, infections, changes in acid-base balance). This leads to the proliferation of columnar epithelium in the exocervix.

Ectopic cervix during pregnancy

During pregnancy, a physiological decrease in immunity occurs (this is necessary so that the mother’s body does not reject the embryo). This can lead to activation of the vaginal microflora, previously suppressed by the protective factors of the woman’s body.

In the body of the expectant mother, with the onset of pregnancy, the concentration of estrogen increases tens of times. This causes restructuring of the cervical epithelium.

Both of these factors, mutually reinforcing each other, lead to the development of cervical ectopia.

Psychological reasons

It should be noted that there have been no serious studies of the influence of psychological problems on the development of erosion and pseudo-erosion of cervix. Some psychologists (L. Burbo, V. Sinelnikov, L. Viilma, O. Torsunov, L. Hay, S. Konovalov) see the reason for the development of erosions and ectopia in psychological “blocks” that result in a specific disease.

But it is much more likely that the development of cervical pathology against the background of emotional experiences is associated with hypersecretion of stress hormones. The main one, cortisol, causes a pronounced decrease in immunity. This can lead to activation of the “dormant” vaginal microflora and the development of inflammation of the mucous membrane. In addition, deep emotional shock can cause psychogenic amenorrhea, which can also play a role in the development of ectopia.

Causes of congenital ectopia of the cervix

During the prenatal period, the transition zone shifts into the exocervix of the unborn girl under the influence of the mother's estrogens. After birth, the zone of demarcation between the two types of epithelium begins to gradually shift towards the cervical canal and, most often, by the beginning of puberty it is established at the same level as the external os.

But in some cases (late or early onset of puberty, endocrine diseases, hereditary predisposition) this movement to the onset of puberty does not occur. This phenomenon is physiological, does not require treatment and does not affect the girl’s quality of life. It is extremely rare that congenital pseudoerosion persists into adulthood, but even in this case it should be perceived as a variant of normal sexual development.

Causes of repeated erosion and pseudo-erosion

The most important principle in the treatment of true erosion and ectopia of the cervical tumor is the elimination, first of all, of the underlying disease, against the background of which the epithelial defect developed. If the cause was identified incorrectly or the underlying disease was treated incorrectly, then removing the source of erosion (pseudo-erosion) will bring only a short-term effect. Under the influence of the same factors that caused the initial appearance of the defect, an area of true erosion or ectopia is formed again. This condition is called recurrent (repeated) erosion (pseudo-erosion).

Complaints and other subjective symptoms during erosion and pseudo-erosion of the cervix

It is important to remember that ESM and cervical ectopia themselves never cause pain. If a woman is bothered by pain and burning, they are associated with the underlying pathology against which these processes develop.

True erosion is not accompanied by any discharge from the genital tract. The exception is the period immediately following injury to the mucous membrane of the cervical cavity. At this time, a woman may notice light red bloody discharge.

Pseudo-erosion, mostly complicated, may be accompanied by mild pain and burning in the vagina. These sensations in most cases are associated with medical procedures, menstruation or sexual intercourse.

A characteristic sign of complicated pseudo-erosion is vaginal discharge (leucorrhoea).

Depending on the underlying disease, they can be of a different nature:

in the presence of bacterial infections: mucous membranes, mixed with pus, may have an unpleasant odor;
with thrush: yellowish, viscous;
contact: most often after sexual intercourse, bleeding occurs. They require additional examination for differential diagnosis with dysfunctional vaginal and uterine bleeding.

It is important to remember that spotting not associated with the menstrual cycle occurs with cancer of the cervix and uterine body.

Diagnosis of true erosions and ectopies

Colposcopy is the main method for diagnosing diseases of the vagina and cervix.

The picture of a true ESM looks like this. An area of damaged epithelium with exposed stroma is identified. This defect has clear edges and is, as it were, pressed into the surrounding intact epithelium. The erosion area is bright red. When you touch the erosion, blood appears.

Certain types of erosion have characteristic features.

Syphilitic ESM It is represented by a small (up to 1 cm) red-gray defect with beveled edges. The bottom of the defect is smooth. In the center of the ulcer, a compaction is visible, slightly raising the entire defect above the surrounding tissue.

Burn ulcer in the first few days it is covered with a scab, which is a hard black crust with brown spots. After the scab falls off, a shallow defect with clear, even edges remains in its place, the bottom of which is located slightly below the level of the surrounding epithelium.

Oncological ESM in appearance it resembles a crater, since its edges are raised like a roller. The bottom of the erosion is dense, lined with contents of an indeterminate dirty color.

Atrophic erosion has a pus-covered bottom surrounded by clearly defined edges.

Radiation ulcers most often occur after irradiation for cancer of the cervix. At the same time, ESM is different in that it does not heal for a long time and constantly progresses. If a radiation ulcer of the cervix has significantly increased in diameter, you should be wary of the recurrence of a cancerous tumor. This type of ESM is also characterized by infection.

Colposcopy for pseudo-erosions makes it possible to identify foci of columnar epithelium surrounded by a transformation zone.

Areas of epithelium appear as round or slightly elongated bright scarlet clusters. The transformation zone is pale gray “tongues” of stratified squamous epithelium.

At advanced stages of pseudo-erosion of the cervix, signs of atypia appear in the transformation zone - the appearance of abnormal formations (for example, leukoplakia), which indicates a violation of the maturation of squamous epithelial cells. These changes in the epithelium can serve as the basis for the malignant degeneration of pseudoerosion. Thus, the chronic course of ectopia is a risk factor for the development of cervical cancer.

Additional examination methods for erosion and ectopia of the cervix:

blood test for syphilis, HIV, chlamydial and mycoplasma infections;
examination of cervical smears for gonococci, trichomonas and Candida fungi;
if cervical cancer is suspected, histological and immunohistochemical examination of materials from the cervix should be performed.

Erosions and pseudo-erosions as a cause of infertility

ESM and ectopia can cause cervicovaginal infertility. Large defects in the epithelium prevent the movement of male germ cells into the uterus. Leukocytes and desquamated epithelial cells change the composition of the vagina, which has a detrimental effect on sperm. Disruption of the glands at the site of injury leads to changes in the composition of the cervical mucus.

Large erosions and pseudo-erosions can lead to narrowing of the lumen of the cervical canal. As a result, the penetration of seminal fluid into the fallopian tubes becomes difficult. Small erosions do not prevent conception and bearing a child.

Treatment

The need for treatment in each specific case is determined individually. Thus, uncomplicated pseudo-erosions of small sizes as well as congenital ectopia do not threaten any complications and require only periodic monitoring. If correction of menstrual function is required, oral contraceptives are prescribed (for example, Tri-Regol, 1 tablet in the evening for 21 days, then a break of 7 days).

In the case of uncomplicated but recurrent ectopia, cauterization is performed with radio waves, laser, liquid nitrogen (if pregnancy is planned in the future). For women who have given birth and do not plan to have children in the future, cauterization is performed with electric current.

Treatment of complicated pseudo-erosion is carried out in several stages.

Treatment of underlying infection:

Bacterial vaginitis: vaginal suppositories "Makmiror Complex" 1 suppository at night for 8 days; Tantum Rose solution in the form of a vaginal douche with a volume of up to 250 ml 2 times a day for 10 days; vaginal tablets "Terzhinan": 1 tablet is inserted into the vagina once a day for 10 days.
Thrush: “Nystatin” 0.5 million units orally (in tablets) 5 times a day + 100 thousand units locally (in the form of vaginal suppositories) once a day for 2 weeks.
To restore the population of lactic acid bacteria, use suppositories (vaginal capsules) “Laktonorm”: 1 capsule 2 times a day for 1 week.

Destruction of the ectopic focus:

if the area of pseudo-erosion is small, cauterization with liquid nitrogen (cryocoagulation), laser, or radio waves is performed in young nulliparous women;
if pseudo-erosion occupies a large area of the epithelium, as well as in women who have given birth and do not plan to become pregnant in the future, cauterization of the ectopic focus with electric current is performed (diathermocoagulation).

Rehabilitation treatment, aimed at restoring damaged vaginal microflora.

Local use of agents that enhance reparative processes in the vagina during ectopia is not recommended, as this leads to additional disturbances in the differentiation of epithelial cells, which can ultimately lead to malignant degeneration of the pseudoerosion area.

Treatment of true ESM is carried out according to the following scheme.

Elimination of the immediate cause development of the erosion focus: treatment of infection, irradiation of cervical cancer, temporary cessation of sexual intercourse in case of contact erosion.

Stimulation of regenerative processes(contraindicated for oncological and syphilitic erosions). For this purpose, use:

restoratives: multivitamins, adaptogens;
physiotherapy: helium-neon laser, microwave radiation.

Traditional medicine

In traditional medicine, compresses with sea buckthorn and rosehip oil, fish oil, and calendula infusion are widely used.

Complications and consequences

The most terrible complication of cervical pathology is malignant degeneration. Another unpleasant consequence is cervicovaginal infertility.

Deep erosions affecting the underlying layers of the epithelium in contact with blood vessels serve as a target for pathogens. If treatment is not started in time, the infection can spread to the body and appendages of the uterus, which entails serious disturbances in fertility and menstrual functions.

Long-term untreated erosions may be accompanied by constant mild bleeding, which often goes unnoticed. This leads to chronic blood loss and the development of anemia.

Prevention

To prevent the occurrence of erosion and ectopia of the cervix, it is enough to follow some rules:

visit a gynecologist regularly (up to 35 years - every 12 months, after 35 years - every six months);
promptly treat any menstrual dysfunction;
treat chronic bacterial, fungal and viral infections;
prevent unwanted pregnancies and abortions.

Cervical erosion is a defect of the ulcerative type on the mucosa. During the pathological process, normal epithelium, under the influence of any factors, is replaced by cylindrical epithelium from the cervical canal. Usually such a diagnosis does not portend anything serious. It should be said that erosion is a benign process. In extremely rare cases, it can lead to the development of cancer.

Classification

There are several types of erosion:

Signs of the disease

How can cervical erosion manifest itself? Symptoms of pathology are usually absent. In most cases, the disease is detected suddenly during an examination by a gynecologist. However, it also happens that patients turn to a specialist with complaints of bleeding. With cervical erosion, women may experience pain during sex. In some cases, inflammatory processes may join the pathology. In this case, purulent mucous discharge may be observed. Inflammation significantly worsens the course of the disease. Many women are unaware that they are developing cervical erosion. They confuse the symptoms that accompany the pathology with signs of thrush, menstruation, the threat of miscarriage, and so on. For any of the manifestations mentioned above, a woman should immediately contact a gynecologist so that cervical erosion can be detected or excluded in time. The consequences of pathology can be prevented by adequately prescribed treatment or timely prevention. Among the main complications are the progression of the infectious process, the occurrence of problems with the reproductive system, as well as the possible degeneration of a benign tumor into a malignant one.

Diagnostics

The disease can be detected by visual examination by a gynecologist. However, as a rule, this is not enough. To understand how to treat cervical erosion, the doctor must evaluate the entire clinical picture. To do this, the specialist prescribes some additional tests. Among them:

Therapeutic measures

Today there are many options for treating cervical erosion. Therapeutic tactics will depend on the type of pathology, the size of the lesion and concomitant infections or inflammations. Before talking about how to treat cervical erosion, it should be recalled that therapeutic measures should be carried out under dynamic supervision. Congenital erosion, as mentioned above, can be eliminated on its own. Experts recommend getting rid of other types of pathology in a timely manner. Today there are two main methods for treating cervical erosion. Therapy can be conservative. In difficult cases, various surgical interventions are prescribed.

Conservative therapy

If ectopia is accompanied by an infectious or inflammatory process, treatment begins with its elimination. First of all, the specialist identifies the cause of the development of the pathology. Taking into account the identified diseases, the patient is prescribed a course of antibiotics. The drugs prescribed by the doctor usually have a wide range of therapeutic activity. In addition, anti-inflammatory drugs and immunomodulators are prescribed. It is also recommended to locally treat the cervix with drugs that can cause chemical coagulation in the affected area. Such products contain organic acids: nitric, acetic. These medications are intended only for the elimination of benign formations and are recommended to a greater extent for nulliparous patients, since after their use no scars remain. Among the disadvantages of conservative therapy, the likelihood of re-development of the pathology should be noted.

Surgical intervention

Experts recommend regular examinations by a gynecologist, and if signs of pathology appear, do not delay a visit to the doctor, since cervical erosion in advanced cases can only be treated with surgical methods. There are several ways to eliminate the defect surgically.

Types of surgical intervention

Cauterization of cervical erosion, the price of which varies from 300 to 10,000 rubles, is carried out in various ways using various means. The most common options are:

Suppositories for cervical erosion

Drugs for topical use can be prescribed both during conservative therapy and after surgical procedures. Suppositories are considered the most effective and, therefore, popular. Among the drugs, the following should be noted:

Preparing medications at home

There are quite a lot of means that can help eliminate a disease such as cervical erosion. Traditional treatment is usually used after surgery or in the early stages of pathology. To make suppositories, you should take honey - 5 tablespoons, to which you should add propolis (tincture) - 5 g. Add 150 g of butter to these components. The resulting mass is heated until smooth in a water bath. Once a homogeneous mixture is obtained, turn off the heat. The mass is cooled. After the mixture becomes warm, you need to make candles and place them in the refrigerator. There are 7-8 pieces per course. It is recommended to administer 1 suppository at night every day. Douching is also used at home. Tampons soaked in decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs are also used. Sea buckthorn oil is also popular. It is hypoallergenic and non-toxic. It is not contraindicated during pregnancy. A cotton swab moistened with sea buckthorn oil is inserted into the vagina at night. The procedure is repeated daily for two weeks. For douching, as a rule, a two percent solution of calendula tincture is used. The procedure is carried out for ten days after visiting the toilet regularly.

Prenatal therapy

It must be said that erosion does not affect the course of pregnancy, just as ovulation does not affect the development of pathology. Surgical intervention is not performed during the prenatal period. This is due to the fact that after cauterization, childbirth will be more difficult - the cervix will stretch and open less easily. Therefore, surgical procedures should be postponed. During the prenatal period, it is allowed to use folk remedies (sea buckthorn oil, for example). But phytotampons, which have recently become increasingly popular, are contraindicated during pregnancy. If an infectious process is detected, the specialist may prescribe a course of antibiotics and local anti-inflammatory drugs. But in most cases, gynecologists simply carry out dynamic monitoring of pregnant patients with this pathology.

How dangerous is the disease?

Experts note that there is no obvious threat to a woman’s health with this pathology. Exceptions, however, are cases of complications. They can be prevented if the disease is not started. Cervical erosion can cause female infertility - damaged tissue can be an obstacle to normal fertilization. In addition, defects in the mucosa during pregnancy can contribute to its termination (miscarriage). Erosion in some cases is the cause of premature birth, colpitis and cervicitis.

Preventive actions

As you know, it is better to prevent pathology than to treat it. To protect yourself, you should follow a number of recommendations:

Visit your doctor regularly (at least twice a year).
Observe hygiene rules. In particular, you should shower at least twice a day, especially during menstruation.
Use condoms when having sex with casual partners to prevent the spread of infections.
Strive for monogamy and regular sex life.
Use protection in cases where pregnancy is not planned. It should be remembered that any abortion complicates the course of the pathology and injures the cervix.

If the gynecologist has identified erosion, it is recommended to lead a healthy lifestyle. You should change pads or tampons regularly during your menstrual period (at least every three or four hours). It must be remembered that erosion contributes to the formation of an ideal environment for the development and subsequent penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the uterine cavity and ovaries.

Finally

It should be noted that in almost all cases (99 out of 100) erosion is treatable. The methods of influence existing today for the most part give excellent results. The main thing is to prevent relapse of the pathology. During rehabilitation after surgical procedures, it is recommended to refrain from heavy physical activity and sexual intercourse for two weeks. This will promote better tissue healing after procedures. During the recovery period, spotting may appear. As a rule, they go away on their own.

For many women, the question of what cervical erosion is remains open even after the doctor gives them the appropriate diagnosis. Usually it is announced to every third patient who comes to the appointment.

Erosion of the uterus (photo can be viewed here) is found in both sexually active, mature women and girls who have not had sexual intercourse. It occurs with equal frequency in both women who have undergone childbirth and women who are carrying a child.

Why does cervical erosion occur, how to properly treat this disease so that recovery is speedy and complete - often a woman cannot receive a complete and detailed answer to these questions from her attending physician.

About erosion and signs of its occurrence

How the uterus works

In order to understand what exactly is affected by erosion, and what specifically needs to be treated when such a diagnosis is made. The uterus (the main reproductive organ of a woman) is hidden inside the pelvis and is the natural end of the reproductive tract. The organ consists of three important parts:

bodies;
cervix.

To communicate between the uterus and the vagina, there is a canal located inside the cervix, the narrowest part of the uterus that communicates with the vagina.

The canal consists of an outer part that connects the vagina and cervix, and an inner part that flows into the uterus.

it is covered on top by a thick mucous layer of epithelial cells;
the middle part is made up of muscle tissue with a circular arrangement of fibers, which, when compressed, close its channel.

If you look at the outer part of the cervix, which protrudes into the vagina, through a microscope, you will see dense rows of closed cells. Such layers of cells cover the cervix in several layers. They are born in the lowest layer of the shell, which is located on the border with the muscle layer. “New” cells, which appeared from the division of the basic ones, rise upward, pushing out the previously formed cell layers. This process promotes constant renewal of the cervical mucosa, rapid healing of defects, and protects it from infection.

But the epithelium of the inner part has a different structure and performs a different function - its cells are cylindrical in shape and arranged in one layer, their function is to produce protective mucus that seals the uterus from the inside, preventing liquids and microorganisms from entering it.

How does erosion occur in women? Microcracks in the mucosa, which appear under the influence of various factors, become infected and inflamed, which interferes with the normal restoration of the layer of integumentary cells and provokes the appearance of wound surfaces. The presence of erosion increases the risk of infecting a partner during open sex.

How pathology is formed and its types

Cervical erosion what is it? The term refers to a defect in the integrity of the epithelium of the outer part of the organ, a thinning of the layer of cells, but the following is fundamental: such a violation does not destroy the lowest layer of cells (basal), in which new squamous epithelial cells are born, which allows the mucous ball to recover.

If the basal layer is injured, restoration of the “native” squamous epithelium is no longer possible and closure of the lesion will take place in one of 2 directions:

the defect will be overgrown with cylindrical cells of the cervix and pseudo-erosion will form;
a scar will form at the site of the lesion.

Only a doctor can determine erosion visually when examining the cervix using mirrors (brightly colored affected areas are revealed instead of a smooth pink surface). The following types of erosion are described:

congenital, which is formed during the development of the embryo, with this disorder the natural boundary between the layers of the epithelium is displaced, which can be seen on the cervix from the vaginal side. The defect is not critical and goes away on its own by the age of 25 without treatment;
true (acquired), develops in combination with inflammation of the reproductive organs (colpitis, vulvitis, endocervicitis). What does cervical erosion look like with this pathology? Outwardly it resembles scratches or scarlet ulcers on the inflamed surface of the mucous membranes, most often on the lower lip of the neck;
ectopia, or pseudo-erosion - a disorder in which the “correct”, multilayered, flat-shaped epithelium of the mucous membranes is replaced by an “incorrect” cylindrical (velvet) one. Outwardly it looks like a richly colored surface with small fibers.

Congenital erosion does not require therapy and is not a pathological condition; it goes away by the age of 23-25 without medical intervention.

The wound surfaces that develop on the cervix with true erosion become inflamed and can infect other internal organs of the woman and provoke diseases. In the most severe cases, damage degenerates into neoplasms.

To properly treat erosion, you need to determine the cause that provoked the pathology, after which the disease can be stopped in 2-3 weeks.

The following types of acquired erosion are distinguished - their common feature is the destruction of the epithelial layer of the cervix:

inflammatory occurs as a result of infection, most often – sexually transmitted infections;
traumatic, resulting from mechanical damage during hard sex, obstetrics, surgical interventions;
chemical, which is provoked as a result of violation of the integrity of the cervical epithelium by medicinal compounds during independent, unprofessional treatment;
burn, its cause is the procedure of cauterization of the cervix during treatment;
trophic, which is provoked by pathologies in the blood supply to the cervix or the consequences of irradiation of the organ during treatment;
specific, which is caused by infection with syphilis, tuberculosis;
oncological, the cause of which is a neoplasm.

True erosion lasts 2-3 weeks, and behaves like any wound - it either heals or turns into a chronic ulceration on the cervix, which looks like a red spot of irregular shape, upon which blood is released when pressed.

The false form is defined as a consequence of healing of ulcers caused by true erosion, in which the lesion heals by being covered by an atypical columnar epithelium. This deforms the cervix and provokes the appearance of cystic growths and provokes an infectious focus.

Symptoms of the disease and diagnosis

Pathology of the cervical epithelium in most cases develops asymptomatically, without disturbing the woman, and is detected only during examination by a gynecologist.

Symptoms of cervical erosion do not appear clearly, which allows the disease to develop, provoking chronic inflammation of the woman’s reproductive organs. Detecting it is complicated by the fact that the cervix is deprived of innervation, which in many cases prevents a woman from feeling pain during sexual intercourse. For some, the menstrual cycle is not disrupted, even with long-term erosion.

Symptoms of the disease manifest themselves differently depending on the type of erosion:

congenital pathology practically does not cause symptoms and is detected only during examination by a doctor;
true erosion, as an acute condition, forms purulent discharge interspersed with mucus and a specific odor, the cause of which is cervicitis (inflammation of the cervical mucosa);
false erosion can provoke copious discharge due to the large area of columnar epithelium.

It is believed that a healthy woman should not have discharge. The appearance of thick, white, profuse discharge from the vaginal canal (leucorrhoea), which leaves a specific mark on a woman’s underwear, is a symptom of pathology and associated infection. During a visual examination, the doctor pays attention to swelling, redness of the mucous membranes of the cervix and excessive discharge, which are symptoms of cervicitis. An additional symptom of this inflammatory process is swelling and hardening of the tissues on the cervix. Emerging cervicitis, as a concomitant pathology of a disease such as erosion, provokes frequent urge to go to the toilet and discomfort when urinating.

With prolonged erosion of the cervix, the symptoms of heavy discharge with a pungent odor are complemented by the appearance of traces of blood after sexual intercourse. The reason is the open wound surface of the affected cervix and the proximity of blood vessels. In pregnant women, erosion bleeds especially heavily - this is due to the fact that in this state of patients the blood clots poorly and the mucous membranes are more vulnerable.

Minor cervical erosion that develops over a long period of time can cause complications:

leukoplakia - the appearance of dense white areas on the cervix;
erythroplakia - the formation of bright red bleeding areas.

The appearance of these complications sharply reduces the protective functions of a woman’s body and provokes the appearance of inflammatory foci in the internal genital organs.

If a woman does not treat cervical erosion, the epithelium of the vaginal mucosa can increase the rate of cell division and degenerate. This condition is called dysplasia and is considered a precancerous form of pathology.

The most severe complication of erosion is the development of infertility (it cannot directly lead to such a disorder, but is a catalyst for inflammation in the internal genital organs, which prevents fertilization).

An attentive woman, having noticed the first signs of trouble, should consult a doctor in time. Unpleasant symptoms include:

vaginal discharge including pus, mucus and blood;
discomfort and pain during sexual intercourse;
violation of the monthly cycle.

Timely detection of pathology will allow the doctor to correctly build a treatment regimen and prevent complications.

Diagnosis of pathology

During the first examination of the patient and collection of anamnesis, the doctor makes the first, preliminary diagnosis - pseudoerosion. To clarify the diagnosis, a number of additional studies are done. The gynecologist prescribes:

carrying out analytical blood tests for syphilis, hepatitis B and C, determining the presence of HIV;
taking a smear and conducting bacteriological culture to study the vaginal flora;
examination of a smear for the appearance of atypical cells, and determination of cytograms of inflammation and endocervicosis;
determination of pathological changes caused by infections that are sexually transmitted using the polymerase chain reaction method, primarily the human papillomavirus;
general clinical and biochemical blood tests, determination of hormonal status;
colposcopy, or a detailed examination of signs of damage to the cervix under a microscope. For the study, solutions of special substances are used that do not cause any discomfort to the patient and allow one to obtain a contrast image in a microscope, which allows one to determine whether a woman has erosion or pseudo-erosion;
selection of a small piece of tissue from the cervix for histological analysis (biopsy), carried out during the colposcopy procedure, used mainly when malignant neoplasms are suspected;
Ultrasound of the reproductive organs and abdominal organs to determine concomitant inflammatory and systemic diseases.

A biopsy is the most painful research method for a woman, requiring a recovery period and some restrictions.

There are two types of intervention:

trephine biopsy, or tissue sampling from ulcers on wound areas of the organ. It can be performed as a simple puncture; if necessary, an endocervical biopsy is performed by scraping tissue from the cervical canal. There is also a loop biopsy, in which tissue is taken with a special loop with an electric current;
conization, which is carried out with a laser or scalpel. In this case, a wedge-shaped piece of fabric is taken away.

Some biopsies require anesthesia. To do this, it is recommended that the patient refrain from eating for 12 hours before tissue collection. For the procedure, local anesthesia is used - a lidocaine spray is used or an injection is made into the cervix, the procedure is carried out on the 7th day of the monthly cycle. After the procedure, bleeding and pain are possible, which can be relieved with antispasmodics.

Contraindications for the study include inflammation in the genital organs and blood clotting disorders. After the procedure, a woman cannot have sex, bathe in a hot bath, or physically work.

An experienced gynecologist during the initial examination can determine the nature of the associated infection by the nature of the leucorrhoea:

beige or light brown leucorrhoea often indicates mechanical damage to the mucous membrane;
the same color of discharge indicates extensive inflammation of the endometrium, as a consequence of developing erosion of the cervix;
yellowish discharge indicates injury to the mucous membranes and aggravation by infection (staphylococci, streptococci, etc.);
Milky or very light-colored leucorrhoea, known as thrush, indicates infection with Candida fungi.

Instrumental diagnostics allows you to determine the cause and nature of the pathology (what it is), how to treat the disorder.

Causes of pathology

Gynecology does not have an exact answer to the question of why cervical erosion occurs? A large number of causes have been identified that cause this pathology, so it can be considered a complex disease. The list of main provoking factors includes:

sexually transmitted infectious diseases;
hormonal disruptions and disorders;
disorders of sexual life (too infrequent sexual contacts, or contacts with casual partners);
low protective threshold of the body, resulting from constant nervous tension, previous infections, childbirth, feeding;
early sexual debut;
first pregnancy too early, early first birth;
insufficient personal hygiene of a woman, promiscuity in sexual contacts and frequent changes of partners, which leads to the introduction of pathogenic flora into the vagina and disruption of its natural composition;
infliction of mechanical injuries to a woman’s genitals during surgical interventions - abortions, medical procedures, and improper douching;
violations when using intravaginal and intrauterine contraceptives;
infection with pathogenic bacteria and viruses that cause inflammatory diseases of the cervix and internal genital organs;
inflammation of the kidneys and urinary tract.

Inflammatory processes of the internal genital organs are important causes of cervical erosion; gynecologists assign a special role to endocervicitis, which causes disturbances in the functioning of the tissues and glands of the epithelium in the cervix.

Another cause of epithelial destruction is considered to be the influence of secreted uterine contents (in the presence of polyps, fibroids, endometriosis). As a result of prolonged exposure to the mucous membrane, exfoliation and degeneration of the cervical epithelium may occur. The resulting true erosion, the causes of which is infection with pathogenic microorganisms (Trichomonas, gonococci, HPV), will be manifested by copious mucopurulent discharge.

Doctors who have been practicing in gynecology for a long time name the reasons for the appearance of erosions:

smoking;
hereditary (genetic) causes;
treatment of patients with hormonal drugs;
living in environmentally hazardous regions;
sexual “games” in which a woman uses objects inserted into the vagina;
dysfunction of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands;
overweight women;
frequent stress and neuroses.

Many doctors dispute the influence of stress and constant nervous tension on the occurrence and course of erosion, believing that the connection between these phenomena has not been clinically proven.

Treatment of cervical erosion

For cervical erosion, treatment is determined by the cause of the lesion. Before prescribing therapy, the doctor is obliged to determine the type of defect, its development and tendency to progression. It is mandatory to conduct possible analytical and instrumental studies.

Since the disease is complex, treatment is carried out in a number of areas simultaneously:

elimination of pathogenic flora, relief of inflammation, restoration of vaginal flora;
actions aimed at eliminating the “wrong” epithelium and stimulating the growth of normal, flat epithelium;
strengthening the immune system and protective properties of the body.

To stimulate healing of wound surfaces, they are cauterized. This is necessary for the natural healing of wounds or for the formation of a scar. The burn that appears on the mucous membrane after the procedure stimulates tissue repair processes, enhances blood microcirculation, and provokes an influx of immune cells to the affected area. All this leads to the fastest restoration of mucous membranes in the erosion zone.

For complete treatment, mutual understanding between the doctor and the woman is necessary. The work of some domestic doctors introduces psychotherapy as an additional direction in the treatment of erosion.

Primary observation

It is not recommended to start treatment if bacteriological culture does not reveal vaginal infection. If the smear does not identify atypical cells, no specific treatment is prescribed - the doctor monitors the patient for several weeks. In a healthy woman, small erosion of the epithelial layer can recover on its own.

To monitor the condition, periodic smears are prescribed to detect pathological changes. If a cytological examination reveals the appearance of altered cells, the doctor will begin the course. There are treatment of erosion using medicinal and non-medicinal methods.

Drug treatment

Before cauterization, all inflammatory processes detected in the genital organs, primarily those caused by sexually transmitted infections, must be cured, and the vaginal microflora must be restored. To relieve inflammation, antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used; for candidiasis, antifungal drugs are used. First of all, sexually transmitted diseases are eliminated. Properly administered therapy, lasting at least 5 months, provides a cure in 9 out of 10 cases.

The doctor selects the medications; local drugs are often used that interact directly with the lesion. Medications are also used to speed up the healing process after cauterization. The most commonly used drugs:

Depantol (suppositories) course – 21 days;
Hexicon (suppositories) course – 21 days, used to relieve inflammation and restore vaginal flora;
Livarol (single-administration suppositories) is an anti-inflammatory and flora-normalizing agent;
Fitorovye suppositories – used after the cauterization procedure;
Clotrimazole (suppositories) – anti-inflammatory, course of use is a week;
Olazol (liquid product) reduces pain and itching, relieves inflammation, removes inflammation;
Levovinisole – reduces inflammation;
Miramistin – reduces inflammation and reduces leucorrhoea, normalizes vaginal flora;
Solcoseryl - used to restore the damaged epithelial layer.

Treatment with folk remedies must be agreed upon with a doctor; their use is not always effective.

Cauterization as a radical method of treatment

The second method of treatment involves cauterization of cervical erosion:

ultra-low temperatures;
electric shock;
laser;
using radio waves;
using pharmacological agents.

Cauterization is carried out in the first 7 days of the monthly cycle, preferably immediately after menstruation.

Chemical cauterization

To cauterize small ulcers, use the drug Solkovagin (contains zinc compounds, nitric acid, vinegar). The doctor applies the ointment with a swab to the affected area, after a few days a crust forms, which takes up to 7 days to peel off; complete recovery requires 60 days.

It consists of cauterizing the erosion zone with current. The method has been used for a long time, is very painful and ineffective. The advantage is that it is cheap and can be performed at any antenatal clinic.

Disadvantages - due to too deep tissue damage, a rough scar is possible that changes the cervix, which can lead to ruptures during childbirth.

Rehabilitation after manipulation – 6 weeks. It is performed in the second half of the cycle and is not recommended for nulliparous women.

Cryodestruction

With this method, the affected tissue is exposed to liquid nitrogen and is destroyed. During manipulation, it is impossible to accurately calculate the area of influence, which leads to a longer recovery period and strong vaginal discharge. Rehabilitation takes 45 days. The procedure is less painful than electric cauterization.

Laser coagulation

The method is considered the most effective and safe. Laser equipment allows you to dose the impact and act at a precisely specified point.

Allows you to act at different depths, which minimizes harmful effects and creates a short recovery period. The method provides complete tissue restoration or minimal scarring. It takes 30 days for complete recovery.

Radio wave treatment of cervical erosion

This effect is carried out using a special device called Surgitron. Exposure to radio waves destroys the necessary areas of the surface without destroying the deep layers of tissue. Does not leave a scar after exposure.

Before the procedure, the woman needs to be prepared.

Cervical erosion is a treatable pathology, but it is best to prevent its occurrence. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to observe the rules of personal hygiene and regularly visit a doctor. A full sex life with a regular partner (with protected sex). Timely treatment of diseases and a healthy lifestyle will help maintain high immunity and women's health.

Main symptoms:

Pain during sexual intercourse
Purulent mucous vaginal discharge
Bloody discharge during sexual intercourse

Cervical erosion is a pathological, but benign process, manifested in the form of rounded red formations localized in the area of the cervical mucosa; the diameter of such formations can reach about two centimeters. Cervical erosion, the symptoms of which manifest themselves in the form of characteristic formations, can exist in several varieties, being congenital erosion, true erosion or pseudo-erosion.

general description

First of all, it should be noted that cervical erosion is one of the most common diseases of the female genital organs. The course of the pathology is characterized by replacement due to the influence of one or another type of factor of the normal mucous epithelium in the area under consideration by the cervical columnar epithelium.

As a rule, this disease does not pose a significant threat, if only for the reason that erosion itself is a benign process, and accordingly, it can become the cause of serious diseases, including tumor processes, in the rarest cases.

This disease, which is also defined as cervical ectopia, occurs in about half of women of reproductive age, while it does not occur in women who have passed the age of forty. As for the opinion regarding erosion and its harmfulness in particular, although it is somewhat common, for the most part experts attribute it to a number of normal physiologically variable conditions. Let us consider the types of erosion we previously noted in more detail.

Types of cervical erosion

Erosion is congenital. The congenital variety of this disease consists of displacement of the cervical columnar epithelium. Congenital erosion is observed in childhood or adolescence, while the symptoms of the disease mostly do not manifest themselves in any way. Detection of erosion occurs when, where the presence of a bright red area is determined that cannot be stained using Lugol’s solution. It is noteworthy that congenital erosion does not predispose in its course to subsequent development into malignant formations, and therefore treatment, as a rule, is not provided.

Erosion is true. With true erosion, its characteristic manifestations are localized in the area of the pharynx (on its outer side, in some cases on the back); localization in the area of the lip of the cervix is much less common. True erosion manifests itself in the form of a small rounded area with pronounced coloring, sometimes bleeding is noted. For this type of erosion, a characteristic manifestation is often endocervicitis, as a result of which the damaged part of the mucosa may have purulent discharge. The duration of true erosion is about 10-14 days, then the cervix is covered with epithelial cells belonging to neighboring areas. Pseudo-erosion is in this case the next stage in the development of the disease.

Pseudo-erosion. It appears in the form of a rounded area of pronounced red color, in some cases it does not have a specific shape; the diameter can range from several millimeters to several centimeters. The surface of the formation may be characterized by the formation of mucous discharge on it, which in some cases may be purulent. The duration of this type of erosion can be quite a long time, which is determined based on the characteristics of the inflammatory process that provoked it. The danger of pseudo-erosion lies in the possibility of recurrence; accordingly, in this case there is a high risk of developing cancer, which must be taken into account in treatment.

In addition to the main types of erosion, the following variants are also distinguished:

Ectropion. In this case, we mean a kind of eversion of the cervical mucosa, which occurs as a result of abortion or after childbirth.
cervix. It is characterized by the process of transplantation of the endometrium of the uterine cavity to the surface of the cervix.
. Characterized by keratinization of squamous stratified epithelium.
Polyps of the cervical canal, polyps of the cervix.
Genital warts.

Causes of the disease

Mechanical injuries appearing as a result of rough and frequent sexual intercourse, as well as during abortion and childbirth. With physical impact, the stratified squamous epithelium begins to thicken, which leads to the subsequent formation of an inflammatory process.
Sexually transmitted infections. These include genital and other diseases.
Incorrect and untimely treatment of genital tract infections.
Early onset of sexual activity, late onset of sexual activity.
Rare sexual contacts, or, conversely, frequent changes of partners.
Current disturbances in hormonal status, disturbances in the menstrual cycle.
Changes in the immunological scale (decrease in immunity).
The presence of inflammatory diseases relevant to the pelvic organs (, etc.).
A combination of some of the above reasons.

The occurrence of the disease in elderly patients is possible due to the pressure exerted by the uterine ring. In addition, there is also “physiological” erosion, determined in young women (up to 25 years), which has a tendency to heal independently.

Cervical erosion: symptoms

The vast majority of reported cases of the disease in women indicate that it extremely rarely manifests itself in the form of specific clinical symptoms, and therefore in most cases the diagnosis of the disease is made randomly. Meanwhile, it also happens that patients turn to a specialist based on the occurrence of the following symptoms:

spotting not associated with menstruation, especially often appearing after sexual intercourse;
pain during sexual intercourse;
purulent-mucosal discharge (whose occurrence is explained by the addition of an inflammatory disease to erosion, as a result of which the disease itself significantly worsens in the peculiarities of its own course), which women often independently confuse with menstrual discharge, thrush or harbingers of miscarriage in the case of pregnancy.

Diagnosis of cervical erosion

The diagnosis can be established already at the first visit to the doctor. Meanwhile, in many cases, visual examination is only half the battle in diagnosing the disease. Therefore, patients will need to undergo the following tests:

flora smear;
extended colposcopy;
cytological examination;
PCR diagnostics, aimed at identifying the main types of infections (genital herpes, trichomoniasis, mycoplasmosis, etc.);
blood test for hepatitis, HIV, syphilis;
bacteriological culture;
biopsy (if the patient is suspected of having a malignant tumor).

Treatment of erosion

The tactics of treatment suitable for each specific case are developed individually, based on the type of erosion and the size characteristic of it, including the presence of concomitant infections. Thus, congenital erosion requires dynamic observation, as a result of which its independent disappearance can be noted. In general, treatment can be conservative or surgical, again based on the specific characteristics of the course of the disease.

Conservative treatment involves eliminating the cause that provoked the erosion. Therefore, based on the concomitant disease identified in the patient, antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action can be prescribed. Additionally, anti-inflammatory drugs and immunomodulators may be prescribed.

The cervix is treated locally with drugs that lead to chemical coagulation in the affected area. These drugs are used only for benign formations; they are more suitable for nulliparous girls, since the treatment does not leave scars in the cervical area, which is a significant advantage of the method. Its disadvantage is the possible relapse of the disease, but it is applicable to any type of erosion.

If the effect of conservative therapy is insignificant or completely absent, then cauterization is prescribed (which is the surgical method in this case). In addition, any of the following methods can be used:

electrosurgery;
cryosurgery;
laser destruction;
radiosurgery;
thermocoagulation.

As for such widespread proposals regarding folk remedies in the treatment of erosion, experts have ambivalent attitudes towards them - the effectiveness of any of the options in the treatment of erosion has not been proven. Among non-traditional methods of treating cervical erosion, some effectiveness is most often observed with the use of acupuncture (acupuncture) and physiotherapy.

If alarming symptoms appear, which is especially important due to the predominantly asymptomatic course of uterine erosion, you should consult a gynecologist.

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