Hormonal problems in women. Treatment of hormonal disorders in women

The level of hormones and their balanced interaction have a huge impact on the condition of the female body. Hormonal imbalance is a pathology characterized by insufficient production of sex hormones.

In women, such a failure causes various diseases of the reproductive system and, in combination with immunity disorders, inflammation and sexually transmitted infections, causes a number of serious pathologies: menstrual irregularities, uterine fibroids, hyperplasia, polyps and polycystic disease.

It is very important to regularly conduct gynecological examinations, because a number of diseases of the reproductive system are asymptomatic, without pain, bleeding and other clinical manifestations.

In this article, we will take a closer look at hormonal imbalance in women, find out its first signs, and the main symptoms that are worth paying attention to. Let us not leave unnoticed the current methods of treating this problem in women.

Causes

There are many factors contributing to hormonal imbalance in women. This is primarily due to the dependence of hormonal status on the work of neuroendocrine regulation of the central nervous system, which is located in the brain, and on the proper functioning of the endocrine glands, which are localized in the periphery.

In this regard, the reasons contributing to hormonal disorders can be divided into two large groups:

Causes, caused by disturbances in the functioning of central regulation.
Causes, provoked by pathological processes, occurring in the peripheral glands. Malfunctions in their work can be caused by tumors, infections, inflammatory processes, etc.

So, let’s highlight the main causes of hormonal imbalance in women:

Genetic predisposition. Congenital defects of the hormonal system are a rather complex condition that is difficult to correct. As a rule, the main cause for concern in this case is primary amenorrhea (the complete absence of menstruation in girls after 16 years of age).
Malfunctions of the endocrine system(problems with the proper functioning of the pancreas, thyroid and adrenal glands).
At use of oral contraceptives, they contain hormones, so a disorder begins, which first manifests itself in excess weight.
Because of colds, acute respiratory viral infections, acute respiratory infections, hormone levels can often be disrupted. It has been proven that those girls who often suffered from various infectious diseases have problems with hormonal levels in adulthood.
Poor nutrition, when a girl tortures herself with exhausting diets, when food intake is reduced, the body lacks the necessary elements with the help of which certain hormones are produced.
Diseases of various types, among which are bronchial asthma, polycystic ovary syndrome, uterine fibroids, breast cysts and frequent headaches (migraines).
Surgical operations relating to the internal genital organs of women.
Severe nervous breakdown, stress (including chronic stress), depression– all of the above often negatively affects a woman’s hormonal background.
Excess body weight. The more extra pounds a woman has, the higher the likelihood that she will experience hormonal imbalance.

Such natural conditions of a woman as adolescence, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and menopause can affect the imbalance of hormonal levels, but most often the body itself restores the necessary balance of hormones.

Symptoms of hormonal imbalance in women

The clinical picture of hormonal imbalance in women is directly related to age and physiological state.

In particular, if the formation of secondary sexual characteristics slows down in adolescents, then in women of childbearing age the main symptoms are concentrated on the menstrual cycle and the ability to conceive.

In this regard, the symptoms of hormonal imbalance in women can be different, but the most striking signs indicating this pathology are:

Irregular menstruation. Frequently delayed periods or their absence for a certain period of time.
Mood swings and irritability. The woman’s mood often changes, but most of her mood is bad. Manifestation of anger and aggression towards people around him, pessimism, frequent depression - all this can be another manifestation of hormonal imbalance.
Weight gain. Excess weight, fat deposits quickly appear, while nutrition does not affect it. When a woman is even on a strict diet, eating practically nothing, she still gains weight due to a hormonal imbalance.
Decreased sex drive. It happens that with hormonal imbalance, women note a decrease in sexual desire and interest in sexual life.
Hair loss . A common symptom of hormonal imbalance in women is, which can be very intense.
Headache . Other manifestations may also be characteristic of hormonal imbalance, but they are more of an individual nature. For example, such symptoms may be: the appearance of wrinkles, fibrocystic formations in the breast, uterine fibroids, vaginal dryness.
Insomnia, fatigue. Due to the fact that the woman’s sleep is disturbed, she does not sleep at night, she is tormented by constant weakness and drowsiness. Even when a woman is well rested, she still feels overwhelmed.

Treatment for hormonal imbalance in a woman is prescribed based on the results of a study of general hormonal levels. Usually, to relieve symptoms of hormonal imbalance, medications are prescribed that contain hormones that are produced insufficiently or completely in a woman’s body.

Specific and nonspecific signs

All those signs that indicate the presence of a hormonal imbalance in a woman can be divided into two large groups: specific and nonspecific symptoms.

TO the first group includes:

problems conceiving a child;
an increase in the amount of hair on the body and the rate of its growth;
menstrual irregularities;
a sharp increase in body weight while maintaining the same lifestyle;
uterine bleeding not associated with menstruation.

TO nonspecific signs can be attributed:

weakness of a woman;
rapid fatigue even in the absence of objective reasons for this;
frequent headaches;
sleep disorders (insomnia or, conversely, constant drowsiness);
decreased sex drive;
dryness of the vaginal mucosa.

As a rule, when such symptoms are detected, the doctor prescribes additional examinations that allow differential diagnosis.

Symptoms in girls

Symptoms of failure in teenage girls:

Poorly developed mammary glands.
If the girl is already 16 years old, and she still has never had (had, but very irregularly) menstruation.
Excessive amount of body hair or complete absence.
Excessive thinness, long and thin legs and arms. Weight that does not reach 48 kg.

In many cases, it will be necessary to establish the correct daily routine for the girl and everything will go away on its own. But in severe cases, hormonal medications may be prescribed, which are taken strictly according to the instructions.

Consequences

Hormonal imbalance causes disturbances in the functioning of the whole organism, so if the cause is not recognized in time, there is a risk of complications, such as:

infertility;
obesity;
osteoporosis;
sexual dysfunction;
gynecological diseases of various origins;
hormone-dependent benign or malignant tumors;
with an increased risk of developing .

It must be taken into account that dysfunctions and many diseases caused by hormone imbalance are very difficult to treat. But if you know why hormonal imbalance occurs and how you can cope with it, you can significantly ease such an unpleasant process.

Treatment of hormonal imbalance in women

Due to the fact that any hormonal imbalance can lead to quite serious consequences, this condition requires mandatory correction. However, before starting treatment for hormonal imbalance, a woman should find out the reason that triggered the hormonal shift. To do this, you need to consult an endocrinologist and also take a blood test to check your hormonal status.

Depending on the reason that caused the hormonal imbalance, treatment can be based on:

hormonal therapy and/or treatment of sexually transmitted infections;
following a special diet (for example, selenium-zinc for adolescents or vegetarian during menopause);
sometimes surgery is required.

However, in case of hormonal imbalance in women, in most cases, treatment is associated with replacement therapy, which uses a number of artificial drugs similar in structure to the secretion of the gonads, such as Mastodion, Klimadion, Cyclodion. In view of this, the prescription of complex therapy can only be carried out on the basis of laboratory diagnostics.

Also, much attention is paid to nutrition and physical exercise, adherence to rest and work schedules. Women are often prescribed a diet that increases their intake of fruits and vegetables, herbal infusions and teas, and includes other alternative methods such as nutritional supplements and vitamin complexes. In some clinics, in order to restore the balance of female hormones, hirudotherapy, that is, treatment with leeches, is offered.

Prevention

Everyone knows that preventing a disease is much easier than treating it. Therefore, women who do not want to know about hormonal disorders in women and not have problems with them should do the following as a preventive measure:

Keep a regular menstrual cycle calendar;
monitor the nature of menstrual flow.

And the most important thing is to undergo a preventive examination with a gynecologist twice a year, even if there are no visible reasons for concern - unfortunately, “women’s” diseases tend not to make themselves felt for the time being.

Hormonal stability is one of the most important conditions for maintaining a woman’s health. At the same time, the endocrine system is a delicate apparatus, extremely sensitive to any external influences. The cause of hormonal imbalance can be lifestyle changes (for example, diet), emotional stress, infectious diseases, and taking certain medications. In addition, the work of the endocrine glands has its own natural specificity at certain points in life: at different stages of the menstrual cycle or pregnancy, after childbirth, during breastfeeding or during menopause. In order to consult a doctor on time and minimize problems occurring in the body, it is necessary to monitor hormonal imbalances. To do this, a woman must know how events of this kind affect her health, appearance and mood. Seven main signs can signal hormonal instability.

Source: depositphotos.com

Acne

Contrary to popular belief, the presence of acne (acne) is by no means characteristic only of adolescence. Disruption of the sebaceous glands, accompanied by the appearance of comedones and inflamed acne, is a consequence of an imbalance between male and female hormones in the body. This phenomenon is associated with both too active androgen production and estrogen deficiency. The direct “culprits” may be pathologies of the endocrine glands (for example, Cushing’s syndrome or polycystic ovary syndrome), inflammatory diseases of the genital organs. Acne is often triggered by natural or artificially caused changes in hormonal status: after an abortion or stopping taking oral contraceptives, during pregnancy or breastfeeding. About 70% of women note the regular occurrence of single pimples 2-7 days before menstruation.

Change in hair growth rate

An imbalance of male and female hormones affects the activity of hair follicles and can lead to accelerated male-pattern hair growth (hirsutism). This symptom is typical, for example, for women during menopause. In some types of polycystic ovary syndrome, the combination of facial hair growth and acne is a diagnostic sign.

Menstrual irregularities

Normally, the menstrual cycle ranges from 21 to 35 days. The discharge usually lasts no more than 7 days, its volume is 20-80 ml. Deviation from these values – both in timing and in the number of allocations – is considered a violation. Endocrine causes of menstrual cycle disruptions may lie not only in the production of sex hormones. For example, with hyperthyroidism (hyperfunction of the thyroid gland), irregular and painful menstruation and scant discharge are observed. Type 1 diabetes mellitus often contributes to the formation of a too long menstrual cycle, and also provokes an early onset of menopause. Irregularity of menstruation is also possible with pathologies of the pituitary gland.

Sudden weight changes

Rapid weight loss accompanied by increased appetite may indicate the development of decompensated diabetes or hyperthyroidism. Weight gain is associated with obesity (due to disturbances in insulin metabolism), with the accumulation of large volumes of fluid due to disturbances in the functioning of the thyroid gland.

Increased sweating during sleep

In women during menopause, night sweats are one of the symptoms of hormonal imbalance characteristic of menopause. In younger patients, such a disorder may indicate the onset of hyperthyroidism.

Constant fatigue

With pathologies of the thyroid gland, patients complain of rapid physical and mental fatigue, trembling throughout the body, difficulty performing actions that require minimal stress (for example, when climbing stairs or carrying a small load). However, similar symptoms are observed with other endocrine problems (Cushing's syndrome, insulin metabolism disorders).

The life of a modern woman is not always filled with bright colors, especially at a time when we are talking about possible health problems that negatively affect both the emotional and physical state, as well as the functionality of the reproductive system. A woman’s health depends on many factors, not the least of which is hormonal balance. It is known that mood, sleep, sexual desire, the ability to conceive, give birth and bear a healthy child and other vital functions, without which the female body is not able to function properly, depend on hormonal balance.

Hormones in a woman’s body must be balanced, and any deviation in their quantity can lead to pathological symptoms and the development of hormonal imbalance. Initially, “hormonal imbalance” was attributed to pathologies of the endocrine system, which were manifested by menstruation disorders. However, at the moment, these terms mean a number of disorders against the background of which a large number of diseases develop. According to medical indicators, about 80% of the female population suffers from endocrine disruptions and many of them are unaware of this, attributing their ailments to physical activity or other diseases. What is hormonal imbalance in women, what are the symptoms, signs, what are the consequences of such disorders, how to treat and prevent the development of hormonal disorders? Let's try to figure it out!

What is hormonal imbalance?

Hormonal imbalance is a disorder caused by a decrease or increase in hormone production, which leads to changes in the entire body. Unfortunately, hormonal disorders are not uncommon in our time; their sudden or slow changes can cause various disruptions in the female body, which will affect the well-being and functionality of internal organs and systems. The main hormones of the female body are: progesterone, estrogen, testosterone and prolactin. These hormones are produced by the endocrine system and enter the tissues of internal organs through the blood, where they control their functioning. If a hormonal imbalance occurs in a woman’s body for one reason or another, this will affect not only the health of the reproductive system, but also the appearance, well-being and condition of the internal organs.

Several decades ago, it was believed that hormonal imbalances in women were the symptoms and signs of which were reserved for ladies of “Balzac age”, but now hormonal pathologies have become significantly “younger” and are often found in very young girls.

Hormones and their effect on women's health

In order to become more familiar with the term “hormonal imbalance,” you need to know which female hormones are the most significant, what they are responsible for, and how their amount can affect our health. It is important to note that disorders in the female body, as well as symptoms, occur depending on which of the 4 hormones malfunctions.

Testosterone. A male sex hormone that is present in the female body. It is responsible for sexual desire, the function of sweat and sebaceous glands, and kidney function. Testosterone deficiency leads to frigidity in women and menstrual irregularities.

Excessive amounts of it for women cause the development of the body according to the male type.

Progesterone. An important hormone of the reproductive system, responsible for conception and gestation, the menstrual cycle, and preparing the expectant mother’s breasts for lactation. The lack of this hormone causes inflammatory processes in women in the pelvic organs, heavy menstruation, and acne. It is difficult to conceive a child with progesterone deficiency, but if this happens, there is a high risk of miscarriage.

If the amount of progesterone in a woman’s body goes off scale, kidney failure and benign or malignant formations may develop.

Prolactin. The female hormone, responsible for the development of the mammary glands and the production of breast milk after the birth of a child, takes an active part in water-salt metabolism.

A lack of this hormone leads to improper development of the mammary glands, lack of breast milk after the birth of a child, and irregular menstruation.

Estrogen. Responsible for the formation and functionality of the mammary glands, uterus, menstrual cycle, the body’s readiness for conception and gestation, and also prevents the development of atherosclerosis, takes part in the production of phosphorus and calcium.

Estrogen deficiency causes infertility, the development of cervical erosion, osteoporosis, and atherosclerosis. There is a high risk of developing a breast tumor.

Based on the above, we can conclude that each of the hormones takes an active part in the functioning of the whole organism. Therefore, their balance is very important for every woman who wants to have healthy offspring and good health.

The main causes of hormonal imbalance in women

Hormonal imbalance in women is not always pathological in nature. Very often, hormonal imbalance occurs at the physiological level. Such disorders do not require medical intervention, as they return to normal on their own over time. Physiological hormonal imbalances include:

Puberty.
Pregnancy and childbirth.
Menopause.
Genetic predisposition - primary amenorrhea (complete absence of menstruation).

In cases where endocrine disruption in women is not a physiological phenomenon, it is a pathology. The cause of hormonal imbalance can be the following disorders or diseases:

Sexually transmitted infections
Frequent viral or infectious diseases
Thyroid diseases
Abortion
Nervous breakdowns

Hormonal imbalance can also be caused by other reasons, which can be determined by the doctor after the results of the examinations.

Clinical signs of hormonal disorders

In order to determine the symptoms of hormonal imbalance in women, you need to know their signs, which can appear in the form of:

Menstrual irregularities
Difficulty conceiving a child
Increased irritability
Sudden change of mood
Weight gain
Recurrent or regular headaches
Chronic fatigue
Bad dream
Decreased sex drive
Hair loss
Excessive sweating
Pronounced thinness

In addition to the above symptoms, women with hormonal imbalance are often diagnosed with gynecological diseases, such as cysts of various etiologies and locations, fibroids, mastopathy and other diseases that do not allow a woman to lead a full life. If you experience one or more signs of hormonal imbalance, you do not need to diagnose yourself. It is quite possible that such symptoms are present in other diseases and disorders.

Consequences of hormonal disorders

Hormonal imbalance causes disturbances in the functioning of the whole organism, so if the cause is not recognized in time, there is a high risk of developing complications, such as:

sexual dysfunction;
infertility;
obesity;
osteoporosis;
hormone-dependent benign or malignant tumors;
atherosclerosis with a high risk of stroke or heart attack;
diabetes;
gynecological diseases of various origins.

Considering that endocrine disruption is fraught with consequences, treatment should be carried out as soon as possible so as not to trigger the progression of any of the diseases that developed against the background of hormonal imbalance.

How to treat hormonal imbalance?

Before treating hormonal imbalance in women, it is necessary to determine its cause. To do this, the doctor prescribes a number of examinations:

General blood analysis.
Hormone analysis.
Ultrasound of internal organs.
Test for STDs.

The results of the examination will allow the doctor to draw up a complete picture of the disease and determine which hormones need to be brought back to normal.

Treatment of hormonal imbalance is aimed at eliminating the very cause that led to hormonal imbalance and restoring stimulation of the production of the desired hormone. Basically, therapeutic therapy consists of taking medications that will normalize hormones; you also need to adhere to the right lifestyle, diet, and follow all the doctor’s recommendations. If treatment is not followed, hormonal imbalance may reappear. Taking medications can take several days, months or years. It all depends on the situation and characteristics of the female body.

Folk remedies for restoring hormonal balance

As an additional therapy to the main treatment, a woman can use traditional medicine, which over the centuries of its existence has collected many recipes and methods for restoring hormonal balance.

Let's look at a few recipes:

Oregano for hormonal imbalance. Promotes the production of hormones, prevents the development of hormonal disorders. To prepare an infusion of oregano you will need: 2 tbsp. l. oregano herbs, pour 0.5 l. boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain and take 100 mil 2 times a day.

Hops infusion. 1 tbsp. l. hops are poured with 0.5 liter of boiling water. Infuse in a thermos, take 50 mil 3 times a day. With the help of this infusion, you can not only prevent the development of hormonal disorders, but also increase the size of the mammary glands.

Flax seeds are a natural source of estrogen. For cooking you will need 1 tbsp. flax seeds + 0.5 l. kefir, natural yogurt or curdled milk. Take half a glass 2 – 3 times a day.

Sage for hormonal imbalance. Allows you to stimulate the production of estrogen. To prepare, you need to brew sage in a thermos and take it from days 6 to 15 of the menstrual cycle.

It is important to note that, despite the safety of traditional medicine, before using any of the recipes, you need to consult a doctor. Some herbs can provoke the development of bleeding, which can be dangerous to a woman’s health.

Prevention of hormonal imbalance

In order to prevent the development of hormonal imbalance, a woman needs to monitor her health, regularly undergo hormone tests, undergo examinations by a gynecologist once every six months, give up bad habits, and also eliminate all factors that can lead to hormonal imbalances.

For a woman's body to remain healthy, hormones must be balanced. When any of them increases or decreases significantly, hormonal imbalance can occur, which can further lead to serious problems and diseases. If you notice unusual symptoms and suspect you have an endocrine disorder, see your doctor as soon as possible to get tested and receive the right treatment.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF HORMONAL DISORDERS IN WOMEN

Hormonal imbalance and its effect on the body. How to recognize the signs of the most common hormonal disorders.

Estrogens

Estrogens are primarily produced in the ovaries, but are also produced in the adrenal glands. These hormones are important for a woman's sexual and reproductive development. Teenagers often have high testosterone levels and lower estradiol levels, but as they get older, the amount of testosterone decreases and the female hormone increases.

If it is present in a woman’s body, a hormonal disorder and so-called estrogen dominance may occur. This condition causes symptoms such as:

weight gain,
changes in the menstrual cycle,
worsening PMS symptoms,
cysts in the breast,
tides,
decrease in sexual desire,
dry skin,
mood swings.

Too little estrogen can also lead to hormonal imbalance, irregular or absent periods, and even early menopause. A woman in this case may experience symptoms of menopause. Improper production of one estradiol often leads to disturbances in the production of other hormones. Conversely, estrogens can go beyond normal limits, for example due to excessive prolactin production or low progesterone. Also, the amount of this hormone in the body is affected by some tumors, diseases (for example, cirrhosis of the liver), physical activity and nutrition.

Testosterone

Testosterone stimulates the development of male characteristics and the internal and external reproductive organs necessary for the production of sperm. Normally, a woman should have less of this hormone than a man. High testosterone usually occurs in young children. In women, its increased content may be an indicator of a hormonal disorder, including polycystic ovary syndrome. The main features include:

(even in adulthood) and oily skin,
on the body and face,
severe and baldness,
increase in muscle mass.

Low levels of this hormone occur in women taking oral contraceptives or following a strict diet.

Progesterone

The steroid hormone progesterone plays an important role in the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy in the early stages. One of its main tasks is to prepare the endometrium, which lines the internal cavity of the uterus, for possible conception after ovulation. Women with low progesterone levels (luteal phase deficiency) tend to have irregular periods and fertility problems.

During pregnancy, a lack of this hormone increases the chance of miscarriage and premature birth. Increased progesterone also leads to hormonal disorders in women, including uterine bleeding.

Insulin

The hormone insulin is released into the bloodstream by special beta cells found in the pancreas. It controls the body's use of carbohydrates and fats from food. Insulin allows cells in the liver, muscle and fat to absorb sugar from the bloodstream. Glucose can also be converted into fat to provide energy when sugar levels are too low.

If a woman's body becomes insensitive to insulin, the body begins to produce it in increased quantities, which subsequently leads to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Obesity, which is often observed in this case, further worsens the situation. In addition, with problems with insulin, a woman often develops a hormonal disorder such as.

Signs of high blood sugar:

strong thirst
headache,
blurred vision,
frequent urination,
fatigue.

Symptoms of low blood sugar:

dizziness,
absent-mindedness,
sticky sweat
nervousness,
rapid pulse,
hunger.

Thyroid hormones

The thyroid gland is a small organ that is located in the front of the neck. It absorbs iodine(s) from foods and converts them into thyroid hormones. They, in turn, regulate vital body functions such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature and weight, muscle strength, menstrual cycle, etc.

A hormonal disorder in which women have too much thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) and too little TSH is called hyperthyroidism. It is accompanied by the following symptoms:

anxiety,
hyperactivity,
sweating or high temperature,
hair loss,
absent or short menstruation.

A hormonal imbalance in which TSH rises and thyroid hormones fall is called hypothyroidism. Its symptoms include:

drowsiness,
fatigue,
dry skin or hair,
depression,
sensitivity to cold temperatures,
heavy periods, ovarian dysfunction,
muscle pain.

Cortisol

Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced in the adrenal cortex. Once in the bloodstream, it is distributed throughout the body, helping to regulate metabolism. It may act as an anti-inflammatory and affect blood pressure.

Cortisol is also known as the stress hormone because it helps a woman cope with nervous tension by shutting down certain functions so that the body can direct its energy to combat stress. A stressful state usually does not harm the body if it does not last long. Chronic stress and increased stress over a long period, including Cushing's syndrome, which is characterized by the following symptoms:

rapid weight gain in the face, chest and abdomen, with thin arms and legs,
red face,
high blood pressure,
osteoporosis,
bruises,
muscle weakness,
mood swings, anxiety and depression,
urinating frequently.

Leptin

This hormone is released from fat cells and helps regulate body weight. The higher a woman's weight, the more leptin will circulate in the blood. In obesity, levels of this hormone are very high, the brain does not receive the signal that it is full, and as a result a condition known as leptin resistance can occur. The person continues to eat, leptin levels rise, and weight increases.

The main signs of a hormonal disorder called leptin resistance:

obesity, excess weight and difficulty losing it,
constant craving for food.

HORMONAL IMBALANCE IN WOMEN: TREATMENT

How is low estrogen treated?

If estradiol is low, hormonal treatment may be prescribed. Women between the ages of 25 and 50 are usually prescribed a high dose of estrogen to reduce the risk of bone loss, cardiovascular disease and other hormonal problems. The actual dose depends on the severity of the condition and route of administration. Estrogen can be taken:

orally,
externally,
vaginally,
through injections.

In some cases, long-term treatment may be required even after estrogen levels return to normal. Lower doses may be prescribed to maintain hormonal balance.

In addition, estrogen treatment may ease the severity of menopausal symptoms and reduce the risk of fractures. Long-term estrogen therapy is primarily recommended for women who are approaching menopause or have had a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus). In all other cases, estrogen therapy is recommended to be continued for no more than 1–2 years, as it can potentially increase the risk of cancer, blood clots and stroke.

Increased estrogen in women

High levels of female hormones, which are not associated with the presence of serious diseases, can be lowered using folk remedies. After consultation with a doctor, a woman may be prescribed the drug DIM, Indole, Zinc Picolinate, Calcium D Glucarate. Other benefits include detoxifying the liver, improving bowel function by eating fiber and avoiding processed foods, losing excess weight and reducing insulin resistance, and reducing alcohol consumption and aromatase enzyme activity.

Hormonal imbalance associated with high testosterone

Low doses of corticosteroids, such as prednisone or dexamethasone, given daily for 2 to 3 months, can reduce adrenal androgen production. Glucocorticosteroids reduce acne and may improve fertility and moderately reduce acne in women.

For elevated testosterone caused by insulin resistance, the drug is usually prescribed. It helps in weight loss, which also reduces androgen levels and reduces excess hair growth.

Oral contraceptives can also reduce testosterone levels in women. COCs reduce acne and hirsutism, and also help prevent alopecia.

Spironolactone is a drug that blocks the action of aldosterone and reduces hair loss. However, this medicine may cause birth defects and should not be taken by women who may become pregnant. When taken, side effects may occur such as fatigue, dizziness, headaches and decreased desire.

Lifestyle changes may help with a slight increase in test levels. Thus, 55–65% of women with elevated testosterone levels are overweight. Losing just 7% of your body weight can reduce symptoms of hyperandrogenism and improve fertility. Regular exercise also helps normalize blood glucose levels.

Hormonal imbalances with low testosterone

It is rare and requires specialist consultation. Sometimes doctors prescribe the medicine Estratest, which contains both estrogen and testron. If indicated, women may be prescribed injections or androgel, usually prescribed to men. DHEA supplements may also be prescribed.

All these drugs can only be taken as prescribed by a doctor. Too much increase in testosterone can lead to acne, hirsutism, and infertility.

Low or high progesterone

Reduced hormone progesterone sometimes causes problems with conception, bleeding and menstrual irregularities. For severe symptoms of menopause, Progron is also often prescribed in combination with estrogen. Treatment can be prescribed in the form of:

cream or gel for topical or vaginal use,
suppositories,
vaginal ring,
oral medications, such as Provera.

Hormone therapy can relieve symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats and vaginal dryness, and reduce the risk of osteoporosis and diabetes. Oral progesterone provides a calming effect, improving sleep.

Home remedies to improve low progesterone levels include:

increasing the intake of vitamins B and C,
adding more foods with zinc to your diet,
control stress levels, since when stress is high, cortisol is released instead of progesterone.

The most common cause of high progesterone is due to the use of medications containing this hormone. If the level of progron in the blood is too high, the doctor may adjust the dose of the drug. Another reason may be excessive production of progesterone by the adrenal glands. Stress increases progesterone levels. In this case, it is recommended to reduce caffeine consumption, reduce nervous tension and physical activity (if it is excessive), lower cortisol and check DHEA, change your diet by reducing the intake of refined carbohydrates.

In addition, changes in thyroid function alter progesterone and cortisol levels and affect obesity. If progesterone is elevated, it is necessary to examine the thyroid gland, measure the levels of insulin, leptin, and testosterone in the blood.

Insulin and hormonal disorders

Insulin resistance is associated with hormonal imbalances, obesity, diabetes, PCOS, as well as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, breast and endometrial cancer, and Alzheimer's disease.

To combat insulin resistance, doctors prescribe drugs such as. Additionally, it is recommended to switch to a diet consisting of small amounts of lean meat and other proteins, fiber, grains and plenty of vegetables and legumes, leafy greens and fruits. Regular half-hour exercise 3-5 times a week helps regulate metabolic function and maintain hormonal balance.

Hormonal disorders associated with the thyroid gland

The standard treatment for hypothyroidism is replacement therapy, such as levothyroxine, which is taken by mouth to replace missing thyroid hormone. Treatment is usually long-term.

Hyperthyroidism can be treated with iodine (including radioactive iodine), antithyroid drugs, or surgery. Radioactive iodine can destroy part of the thyroid gland. This may be enough to control hyperthyroidism. In at least 80% of cases, one dose of radioactive iodine can cure hyperthyroidism.

Cortisol and hormonal imbalance

For low or high cortisol, stress reduction is recommended, including reducing exposure to chemical and biochemical stressors, such as avoiding excess sugar and processed foods. For minor deviations from the norm, natural supplements with ashwagandha and fish oil may be useful. In case of severe violations, consultation with a specialist will be required.

The role of leptin in hormonal disorders

For obesity and leptin resistance, it is recommended to avoid processed foods, which disrupt intestinal function and cause inflammation in the body, consume soluble fiber and protein, and lower triglycerides in the blood if they are elevated. Physical activity and proper sleep also improve leptin sensitivity.

Hormonal imbalance in a woman’s body can provoke disorders of the reproductive system, disrupt the condition of the whole organism, worsen health and cause the development of gynecological diseases.

A woman’s body, from puberty to menopause, undergoes monthly cyclic hormonal changes that affect not only the reproductive system, but also the functioning of the whole organism. A woman’s health directly depends on her hormonal background, which consists of a certain amount of hormones, which are biologically active substances produced by the endocrine glands and non-glandular tissues of the internal organs. The main purpose of hormones in the body is to regulate the functioning of internal organs and systems. In a woman’s body, hormones are produced by many endocrine glands: the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thyroid gland, hypothalamus, pancreas and others, and each hormone is responsible for a specific function of the female body. After the glands produce hormones, they, along with the bloodstream, spread throughout the entire body, entering the internal organs, influencing them and influencing their functioning.

The general condition of the female body depends on hormones

In the female body there are more than 60 hormones that are closely related to each other and are responsible for the growth of hair, nails, skeletal structure, skin structure, reproductive system and other indicators. A woman’s hormonal background consists of the following main hormones:

Oxytocin- is a hormone of love and affection. This hormone influences the formation of maternal instinct. Also, the more oxytocin in the body, the more attached the mother is to the child;
Endorphin- hormone of good mood;
Progesterone- hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, help slow down the aging process, stimulate the function of the thyroid gland, and restore the production of bone tissue. This hormone prevents the development of cancer of the mammary glands and pelvic organs of a woman, also preserves pregnancy, normalizes the level of nutrients in the body;
Dopamine- produced by the adrenal glands and is responsible for human pleasure and adaptation.
Estrogens are formed in the follicle of the corpus luteum. This hormone combines several female sex hormones responsible for the functionality of the reproductive system and the functions of the pelvic organs;
Testosterone- responsible for libido, regulates the menstrual cycle, kidney function, sebaceous glands;
Pheromone- help a person communicate with the opposite sex;
Prolactin- necessary during lactation, directly related to childbirth;
Serotonin- hormone of happiness;
Melatonin is a hormone of the pituitary gland (pineal gland), regulates sleep, and is responsible for biorhythm.

In addition to the above hormones, special attention is paid to prolactin, estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone, which are responsible for the woman’s reproductive system, conception, gestation and birth of a child. In addition, hormonal disorders lead to the development of many diseases of the female reproductive system: polycystic ovary syndrome, menstrual irregularities, infertility, uterine fibroids. Also, the consequences of these violations negatively affect the psychological state of a woman who experiences various ailments, chronic fatigue, suffers from obesity and other disorders.

Any disturbance in the production of hormones affects health

Hormonal disorders occur when the amount of one of the hormones increases or decreases in a woman’s body.

Causes of hormonal disorders in women

There are a number of reasons why hormonal imbalances may occur. In most cases, failures occur against the background of increased or decreased estrogen levels. However, any of the four vital hormones can provoke a number of disorders. The main causes of hormonal imbalance:

Genetic predisposition– congenital defects of the hormonal system. This pathology is more often diagnosed in adolescence, when a girl does not have menstruation. If the cause of a hormonal disorder is heredity, treatment is long and very complex;
Climax– these disorders are typical for women after 40 years of age. During this period, the female body does not produce eggs, which are responsible for the function of the female reproductive system;
Puberty– when reproductive functions are formed;
Pregnancy and childbirth- during this period a large number of hormonal changes occur in the woman’s body;
Use of hormonal drugs- contraceptives, hormonal oral contraceptives, quite often cause the development of disorders;
Stress and anxiety– this imbalance can develop due to nervous disorders, negative emotions and stressful situations. Stress negatively affects the functioning of the central nervous system and the endocrine system;
Wrong lifestyle- unbalanced daily routine, lack of sleep, physical and psychological stress. Also, drinking alcohol and smoking often cause hormonal imbalance;
Poor nutrition– a reduction in the amount of vitamins, minerals and nutrients in the diet leads to these disorders. The risk group includes women who adhere to diets;
Excess weight– the problem of obesity very often leads to hormonal imbalance;
Gynecological disorders and diseases of various origins;
Sexually transmitted infections;
Decreased immunity;
Surgical intervention in the female genital area– abortion;
Viral, infectious diseases– provoke hormonal imbalance, especially if the disease had a course with severe complications.

In addition to the above factors that can provoke hormonal imbalance, studies have found that in 30% of women, the reasons lie in poor ecology.

Symptoms of hormonal disorders

All hormones in a woman’s body must have a stable balance, but if their level and quantity changes, an imbalance occurs, which leads to certain symptoms that require examination and treatment under the supervision of a doctor. The main symptoms of hormonal disorders:

Irregular menstruation – delayed or absent periods;
Increased irritability and frequent mood swings;
Weight gain;
Sleep disturbances or chronic fatigue;
Decreased sexual desire - lack of sexual interest in the opposite sex;
Frequent headaches, dizziness;
Hair loss, splitting of nails - some women experience slow or intense hair loss, they can also flake or break;

Hormonal disorders can also show other signs and have an individual character. For example, some representatives of the fairer sex may experience increased hair growth in areas characteristic of men: mustaches, on the chest. Vaginal dryness, various benign or malignant cystic neoplasms of the genital organs, and premature aging may also be noted.

Hormone problems can cause increased irritability

All of the above symptoms may indicate other disorders in the body, therefore, only a doctor can determine the cause, make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment after the results of the examination.

Diagnosis of hormonal imbalance

After contacting a medical specialist with complaints about certain ailments, a gynecologist will conduct a gynecological examination, collect anamnesis and, if necessary, refer for examinations that will help identify the cause:

General blood test - will determine the number of white and red blood cells, as well as hemoglobin;
Urinalysis - assesses kidney function;
Colposcopy - evaluates changes in the uterine mucosa;
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs - determines the condition of the ovaries, uterus, their structure, possible deviations from the norm;
Ultrasound of the mammary glands - allows you to detect the presence or absence of lumps or tumors in the mammary glands;
PAP smear is a cystological examination that allows you to detect the presence of tumors in the pelvic organs;
Blood hormone analysis is considered one of the important tests when hormonal imbalance is suspected. Allows you to determine the amount and level of female hormones.

The results of the examinations will help the doctor identify disorders or diseases in the woman’s reproductive system, also establish the cause of their occurrence, and determine the amount and level of hormones. Also, based on the results of these studies, the woman is diagnosed and treated.

Treatment of hormonal disorders

Treatment of hormonal disorders consists of hormone therapy, which can eliminate symptoms and restore hormonal levels, the menstrual cycle and prevent the development of relapses. However, hormone therapy may not always be effective in treating abnormalities; then the doctor prescribes surgery. Drug treatment of hormonal imbalance in women is effective at the beginning of their development, when serious diseases requiring surgical treatment are not diagnosed in the woman’s body. Quite often, hormone therapy is prescribed after surgery; this helps restore and normalize hormonal levels.

Treatment of hormonal disorders in a woman’s body is aimed at eliminating the causes that caused the imbalance and providing the body with the necessary hormone. The duration of treatment depends on the level of imbalance and sometimes lasts from several weeks to several months or years.

It should be noted that treatment of hormonal imbalance should only be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. Self-medication or incorrectly selected therapy can lead to serious pathological changes that are life-threatening to a woman.

Prevention

In the treatment of hormonal disorders, prevention is considered important, which will prevent disturbances in the body. Every woman should monitor her health and keep a menstruation diary. Also, at the first violation, seek help from a gynecologist or endocrinologist, who can not only identify the cause, but also provide quality treatment. Equally important in prevention is unscheduled visits to the doctor, which should be carried out once every six months.

By paying due attention to your health, you can not only prevent the development of a number of diseases, but also be confident in your usefulness and ability to conceive, give birth and bear a healthy baby, who will be the greatest joy in life.