What happened on March 14th. Mother Language Day in Estonia

March 14, 2018 - Wednesday, day 73 of 2018 according to the Gregorian calendar. March 14 corresponds to March 1 of the Julian calendar (old style).

Lent

Holidays on March 14, 2018 in Russia

• Orthodox Book Day. Orthodox Book Day is an annual holiday of the Russian Orthodox Church, which is celebrated on March 14. It was officially established in 2009 on the initiative of Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus'. In December 2009, a meeting of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church was held, during which the issue of expanding church preaching through the book was considered. One of the results of the meeting was the establishment of the annual Orthodox Book Day. The date of the holiday was not chosen by chance - on March 14, 1564 (new style), the first dated printed book in Russia, “The Apostle” (“The Acts of the Saints the Apostle was copied by the Apostle and Evangelist Luke”), printed by Ivan Fedorov and Peter Mstislavets, was published. The first official celebration of Orthodox Book Day took place on March 14, 2010 in all dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Also read:

Holidays March 14, 2018 in Ukraine

• Volunteer Day. In January 2017, a new holiday appeared in the calendar of holidays and memorable dates of Ukraine - Volunteer Day. It was officially established by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and is celebrated on March 14. The date of the holiday was not chosen by chance: after the annexation of Crimea to Russia in February 2014 (Ukrainian sources use the term “annexation of Crimea”) and the beginning of pro-Russian rallies in the southeast of Ukraine, the leadership of the Maidan Self-Defense decided to form a volunteer battalion to defend independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the state. The First Volunteer Battalion of the National Guard included more than 500 Maidan Self-Defense fighters. On March 14, 2014, they arrived at the training ground in Novi Petrivtsi (Kiev region) to undergo military training. After completing an accelerated two-week training course, the volunteers were enrolled in the National Guard of Ukraine. A month later, hundreds of Ukrainian patriots as part of volunteer battalions took part in the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine (ATO).

World and international holidays March 14, 2018

• International Pi Day. On March 14, the world celebrates one of the most unusual holidays - International Pi Day. The Day was first celebrated in 1988 at the popular science museum Exploratorium in San Francisco, and this unofficial holiday was invented a year earlier by San Francisco physicist Larry Shaw, who noticed that in the American system of recording dates (month / number) day March 14 - 3/14 - coincides with the first digits of the number π = 3.14... We encounter this unusual number already in the lower grades of school, when we begin to study the circle and circumference. The number π is a mathematical constant expressing the ratio of the circumference of a circle to the length of its diameter. In numerical terms, π begins as 3.141592... and has an infinite mathematical duration.
• International Day of Action for Rivers and Water (International Day of Action against Dams). March 14 is celebrated annually in different countries around the world as Day of Action for Rivers and Water, also known as International Day of Action against Dams or simply International Rivers Day. This holiday has existed since 1998. A proposal to celebrate the International Day of Action against Dams was made by the environmental organization International Rivers Network from the United States. This proposal was supported at the First International Conference against the Construction of Large Dams, held in March 1997 in the Brazilian city of Curitiba.

Orthodox holidays March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018 in the Orthodox Church: 4th Week of Great Lent, Worship of the Cross; fast day.

The following memorial dates have been established:

• Memorial Day of the Venerable Martyr Eudokia of Iliopolis, Abbess;
• Memorial Day of St. Martyrius of Zelenetsky;
• Memorial Day of the Martyrs Nestor and Trivimius;
• Memorial Day of the Martyr Antonina of Nicea;
• Memorial Day of Martyrs Marcellus and Anthony;
• Memorial Day of St. Domnina of Syria;
• Day of Remembrance of Hieromartyrs Vasily Nikitsky, Peter Lyubimov, Ioanna Streltsov, Veniamin Famintsev, Mikhail Bukrinsky, presbyters, venerable martyr Anthony (Korzh), hierodeacon, venerable martyrs Anna Makandinoy, Daria Zaitseva, Evdokia Arkhipova, Olga Zhiltsova , Alexandra Dyachkova, Matrona Makandin, novices, martyr Vasily Arkhipov, martyr Nadezhda Abbakumova;
• Memorial Day of Hieromartyr Alexander Ilyenkov, presbyter;
• Memorial Day of Hieromartyr Vasily Konstantinov-Grishin, presbyter;

National holidays March 14, 2018

• Avdotya Vesnovka. The national holiday “Avdotya Vesnovka” is celebrated on March 14 (old style – March 1). In the Orthodox calendar, this is the day of honoring the memory of the Venerable Martyr Evdokia of Iliopolis, Abbess. Other names of the holiday: “Avdotya”, “Avdotya Plyushchikha”, “Evdokia-Plyushchikha”, “Evdokia Svistunya”, “Novichok”. The day was nicknamed Vesnovka because on this day the singing of stoneflies began. Saint Eudokia of Iliopolis is an early Christian martyr. In her youth she was distinguished by her beauty and, being a harlot, earned a huge fortune. Evdokia was converted to Christianity by the monk Herman. After this, she gave all her fortune to the Bishop of Heliopolis, and she herself took monastic vows in a convent, where she later became abbess. When the governor Diogenes saw Eudokia, he was delighted with her beauty and tried to take possession of her. Despite the torture, the nun remained faithful to her vow. According to popular beliefs, God instructed Evdokia to resurrect the earth from winter sleep - death and gave her the keys to all spring waters. She could, at her own discretion, “let or not let” spring: “The sun is shining warmly, but Avdotya looks at him - either snow or rain.” According to these ideas, Avdotya Vesnovka’s day “opened” a new life: new work and new worries. The origin of the belief may be connected with the life of Evdokia. In many places this holiday was considered “women's”. Another name for the day, “Novichok,” is due to the fact that from this day, according to ancient chronology, New Year’s festivities began. Until the middle of the 15th century in Rus', cherries were grown for this holiday - at home, in tubs. It was believed that cherry blossoms on New Year's Eve bring peace and harmony, happiness and prosperity. In the old days they also caroled on this day. The peasants were already seriously thinking about the future harvest and were looking for workers. It was on this day that the winter hiring period ended and spring hiring began. They could be different: “from Evdokey to Yegorye” or “from Evdokey to Peter’s Day.” From that day on, the goosekeepers began to talk about goose hunting and the designation of days when to let the geese fight. Another nickname for Evdokia, “Whistler,” is due to the fact that on her holiday the winds usually blew and whistled. According to another version, the saint was so nicknamed because on this day many animals awaken from sleep and announce the approach of spring with their screams and whistles. This day was also called “Avdotya Plyushchikha”, because in the spring the ice and snow are “flattened” and torn to shreds. It was believed that melt water obtained from snow on this day had special healing powers. Dreams on March 14 mean the following: whoever sees icons will be healthy; cutting fabric in a dream means ruin; scratching lice means profit; whoever sees garden greens on this day will grow his family; feasting on baked goods - to sadness; cleaning shoes - for a long journey; looking at yourself in the mirror means change; tearing paper means noise; dream of a wheel - to a trial; glorifying Christ in a dream - to a long life; stroking your belly in a dream - for the arrival of guests.

Holidays on March 14, 2018 in countries around the world

• Holiday in Estonia March 14, 2018 - Mother Language Day. On March 14, Estonia has celebrated Mother Language Day (Emakeelepäev) since 1996. If we translate this word literally, then the Day can also be called the Day of the “mother” language. The date of this holiday was chosen in honor of the birthday of the poet and writer Kristjan Jaak Peterson (1801–1822), who laid the foundation for the development of the Estonian literary language. The purpose of the holiday is to preserve the Estonian people, language and culture. It is not without reason that there is a generally accepted opinion that language is the main carrier of national and cultural identity.
• Holiday in Japan March 14, 2018 - White Day. White Day is a Japanese, Korean and Taiwanese non-public holiday, celebrated annually on March 14, a month after Valentine's Day (February 14). On White Day, men give gifts to women as a thank you for their Valentine's Day gifts.
• Holiday in Korea March 14, 2018 - White Day.
• Holiday in Taiwan March 14, 2018 - White Day.

Today you can celebrate 5 official holidays: Sleep Day - a world holiday, River Day and Pi Day - international holidays, the Slavic holiday Ovsen and the Estonian holiday - Mother Language Day.

Holidays March 14, 2019

World holiday - sleep day

For the first time, Sleep Day was held as a World Holiday on March 14, 2008. Since then, it has been carried out every year as part of the (WHO) - World Health Organization project on sleep and health. Sleep is a special form of existence of the body that a person needs throughout his life.

International holiday - Rivers Day

In many countries around the world, International Rivers Day is celebrated on March 14; this holiday was previously called the International Day of Struggle for Rivers, Water and Life Against Dams...

Slavic holiday Ovsen small

In ancient times, the Slavs celebrated their New Year, it always came according to the old style on March 1 - the first day of spring, and today, according to the new style, this holiday fell on March 14. The Slavs celebrated the New Year widely and cheerfully; the beginning of the new year for the Slavs was a symbol of the beginning of a new time.

Estonia celebrates Mother Language Day

On March 14, Estonia celebrates Mother Language Day every year since 1996. This day is also called “Mother’s” Language Day.

Unusual holidays

On March 14, you can have fun with jokes and amusements to celebrate the unusual, cheerful holiday Day of Great Mood or organize a holiday with various competitions and dedicate it to Albert Einstein’s birthday, you can also celebrate the holiday - Pi Day.

Day of great mood

It's so nice when the day starts with a good mood! Today in your life there will be no place for harmful melancholy and sadness, because March 14 is a very unusual holiday - the Day of Excellent Mood. Today you can’t be sad or sad. Everything you do today should bring you joy.

Albert Einstein's birthday

The greatest physicist of the 20th century and creator of the theory of relativity, Albert Einstein, was born on this day in 1879 in Germany. In 1933, after the Nazis came to power, Einstein emigrated to the United States.
To get ahead of the developments of scientists in Nazi Germany, Einstein in 1939 wrote a letter to US President Roosevelt about the need to create nuclear weapons.
Einstein convinced the US government of its necessity, and then bitterly regretted it and, on behalf of all scientists in the world, Einstein signed a manifesto demanding a complete ban on nuclear weapons.

International holiday - Pi Day

This day is also an unusual holiday. It was first noted in San Francisco in 1988 at the Exploratorium popular science museum on the initiative of San Francisco physicist Larry Shaw. It was he who noticed that in the American date system (month, day), today, March 14, 3.14, coincides with the first digits of the number π = 3.14. In this regard, this day was called Pi Day.

Holiday according to the folk calendar

Evdokia Svistunya, Avdotya Plyushchikha

On this day, Orthodox Christians honor the memory of Saint Eudokia of Iliopolis, an early Christian martyr who in her youth was distinguished by her extraordinary beauty and earned a huge fortune through fornication.
Evdokia was converted to Christianity by the famous monk Herman. Evdokia gave all her ill-gotten wealth to the Bishop of Heliopolis and took monastic vows at a convent, where after some time she herself became abbess.
In the monastery, the governor Diogenes saw Eudokia and, admiring her beauty, tried to take possession of her, but the nun remained faithful to her vow.
According to the old style, Evdokia's Day fell on the beginning of spring - on March 1. The peasants celebrated this holiday solemnly and cheerfully; at this time the saint was nicknamed Vesnovka. Women on Evdokia climbed onto the hills and onto the roofs of barns, from where they sang loudly: “Spring is red! What did you bring us? Red little fly!
The peasants were looking for workers and thinking about the future harvest. On this day, the winter hiring period ended and the spring hiring period began.
The holiday on March 14 on Evdokia was also called Svistunya - this was due to the fact that strong winds still blew and whistled on this holiday. On this day, many animals also wake up from their winter sleep and, with their whistles and screams, announce the approach of spring.
The peasants also called this day Avdotya Plyushchikha. It is on this spring day that the spring ice and snow are torn to shreds and “flattened”.
People believed that melt water obtained from snow on this day had special healing powers.
Name day March 14 at Alexander, Alexandra, Anna, Anton, Antonina, Vasily, Veniamin, Daria, Evdokia, Ivan, Mikhail, Nadezhda, Olga, Peter

March 14 in history

1933 - The activities of the Communist Party are prohibited in Germany.
1939 - A high-ranking Nazi official, Walter Stennes, who later became the most valuable Soviet intelligence officer in Germany, offers his services.
1945 - British aircraft dropped the heaviest bomb in the world, “Grand Slam” (9980 kg), on Germany.
1951 - American troops under the UN flag entered Seoul without a fight.
1953 - N. Khrushchev was elected General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee
1954 - Construction of the Circle Line of the Moscow Metro is completed
1956 - The American company Ampex demonstrated the first video recorder in history.
1990 - The Extraordinary III Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR elected M. Gorbachev as President of the USSR, who became the first and last President of the USSR.
1990 - Article 6 on the leading role of the CPSU was excluded from the USSR Constitution.
1991 - The first non-communist parties appear in the USSR.
2004 - V. Putin was elected President of the Russian Federation for a second term

Around the world, March 14 is celebrated by many as the Day of Action for Rivers, Water and Life, or, in more practical terms, International Day of Action against Dams. Dams, of course, are problematic objects. But the fight against them knows the answers to all questions in advance. And March 14th is Pi Day. It was invented in 1987 by San Francisco physicist Larry Shaw, who noticed that March 14 in the American date system turns into 3/14 - and thus resembles the approximate value of this mathematical constant. And if on this day you take the time 1 hour 59 minutes 26 seconds in the afternoon, you will get the number “pi” accurate to the seventh decimal place. Those who wish can go further even ad infinitum.

On March 14, 1583, Ermak Timofeevich and his squad occupied the city of Isker, the capital of the Siberian Tatars. But in August 1584, the defeated Kuchum attacked the Cossacks of Ermak. Ermak drowned while escaping by swimming across the Irtysh. Does this remind you of anything? That's right, the death of Chapaev. There is a suspicion that in a few centuries some future creator of the “new chronology” will, in the manner of our Anatoly Fomenko (born March 13, 1945), prove that Ermak and Chapaev are the same person...

On this day in 1741, the largest Burgtheater in Austria opened in Vienna, originally called the Royal Palace Theater and intended exclusively for the entertainment of the aristocracy. In 1751, an Austrian dramatic troupe made its debut on its stage, gradually displacing the previously dominant Italian and French artists. In 1776 the theater was renamed the "Court and National" and from that time became the center of dramatic art in Austria.

On the spring day we are considering in 1797, the American Eli Whitney received a patent for a machine he had invented a year earlier for quickly and effectively separating cotton fiber from seeds, husks and other impurities. It was a wooden drum studded with metal hooks, which had to be rotated manually or by horse or mechanical traction. It was the hooks that picked up the fibers and pulled them through the fine wire mesh, freeing them from adhering debris. Before this, cotton had to be ginned with your fingers, which took a long time and was very expensive, so cotton fabrics were considered a luxury. Now labor productivity has increased hundreds of times. Whitney's device breathed new life into the plantations of the US South and is believed to have delayed the abolition of slavery for half a century.

On the day of our review in 1808, the German physician and anatomist Franz Joseph Gall, the creator of the pseudoscientific doctrine about the connection of the human psyche with the relief of the skull - phrenology, presented to the Institute of France in Paris "A Study of the Nervous System in General and the Brain in Particular." Gall's ideas endeared him to many serious scientists, but there were more amateurs among his admirers. Everything changed when Napoleon heard about the visiting foreigner. The Emperor scolded the academicians for their groveling before German science, but most of all they got it for their condescension towards a man who had the audacity to declare that the sloping forehead of Bonaparte himself testified to a purely practical turn of mind and a reluctance to philosophical thinking. Nevertheless, Gall secured a comfortable existence for himself thanks to the success of his sessions in Paris.

"Vice and anarchy." This is how Nicholas I defined the revolutionary events in Europe in his manifesto of March 14, 1848, declaring his readiness to restore order with the help of weapons.

On this spring day of our review in 1875, the premiere of the children's pantomime “Cinderella, or the Crystal Slipper” took place at the Italian Ciniselli Circus. In the play, all the roles were played by children; the youngest was 3 years old. The pantomime was such a success that it stayed in the repertoire for 35 years and was performed 500 times. Circus Ciniselli made a great contribution to the development of circus art in Russia. A family of Italian circus entrepreneurs led by Gaetano Ciniselli first came to Russia in 1869. The best artists in Europe performed in their circus: the famous clowns Billy Gayden and Jacomino, the grotesque rider Mademoiselle Adele, Russian clowns, trainers brothers Anatoly and Vladimir Durov. The circus hosted lavishly decorated pantomimes and water extravaganzas - “Robert and Bertram”, “Fiametta - Queen of Robbers”, “Nibelungs”, and classical wrestling championships were held. Ciniselli's circus was loved no less than opera, which was fashionable at that time.

On the spring day we are considering in 1917, the Petrograd Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies issued order No. 1 for the Petrograd garrison on the legalization of soldiers' committees, to whose disposal all weapons were transferred. Officers were deprived of disciplinary power over soldiers. And the Congress of Cooperators of the Kiev Region began in Kyiv (lasted 2 days). The resolution of the congress proclaimed a course towards autonomy for Ukraine and the organization of village committees in villages to ensure the implementation of the UCR policy on the ground.

On this day in 1919, the Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party presented the American Commissioner William Bullitt with a list of conditions under which the Soviets were ready to make peace with the White Army.
US President Woodrow Wilson expressed his readiness to cooperate with Lenin. But US Foreign Secretary Lasing was cautious. Bullitt went to Moscow with the task of assessing the situation and clarifying under what conditions the Soviet government would agree to peace. The parties could not agree, Bullitt’s mission failed, and Washington had to abandon attempts to improve relations with Moscow. After 15 years, Bullitt returned to the Soviet Union as an American ambassador.

On March 14, 1923, the Russian Society of Voluntary Air Fleet “Dobrolyot” was organized.

On March 14, 1923, the twenty-ninth President of the United States, Warren Harding, became the first American leader to file a tax return. Since the 1970s, all US presidents have voluntarily made their tax information public.

On the day we are considering in 1927, the first torpedo boat “Pervenets”, designed by Andrei Tupolev, was launched in the USSR.

On March 14, 1939, German troops began the occupation of Czechoslovakia. Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia formally declared independence. In the Czech town of Mistek, a company of soldiers under the command of Captain Pavlik engaged German troops in battle - the only case of organized resistance to the German invasion.

On this spring day in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev achieved the separation of party and state power: Georgy Malenkov easily left the post of Secretary of the Central Committee, retaining the position of head of government. The leadership of the Secretariat of the CPSU Central Committee passed to Khrushchev. What happened can be considered a tragic mistake by Malenkov and Beria, who considered it more important to maintain control over state power. Of course, Stalin, as chairman of the Council of Ministers, was an all-powerful master, but he would have been like that even without this position.

The Grammy Awards, also called the Oscars of music, were created by the Recording Industry Association of the United States on March 14, 1958. The idea of ​​its creation was born among professional musicians in Los Angeles in 1957, when the 80th anniversary of the invention of the gramophone by Thomas Edison was celebrated. Hence the name “Grammy” and the shape of the prize statuette (gold-plated gramophone). The first award ceremony took place in 1958. The ceremony was opened by Frank Sinatra, who later received this award twice.

On March 14, 1966, the first part of Sergei Bondarchuk’s four-part epic “War and Peace” was released on the wide screen. The film was called "Andrei Bolkonsky". This film adaptation of Leo Tolstoy's great novel was awarded the Academy Award for Best Foreign Film in 1968. There were also prestigious awards at international film festivals in Venice and Moscow. The first attempt to film Tolstoy's novel was made by Gardin and Protazanov back in 1915. A few years later, the film “Natasha Rostova” appeared, directed by Chardynin. A third film, “War and Peace” (directed by Kamensky), was also shot, but it never made it to the screen. And then the Americans took on the largest work of the Russian classic. In 1956, they, led by director Peter Yates, completed filming their “version” of War and Peace. This film version of the novel stars some of the most famous Hollywood actors of its golden times: Audrey Hepburn as Natasha Rostova, Henry Fonda as Pierre Bezukhov and Mel Ferrer as Prince Andrei Bolkonsky, as well as Philippe Noiret, Peter O'Toole, Sian Phillips and John Halam Six screenwriters worked to shorten and simplify Leo Tolstoy's novel (it must be said, it was not easy).In 1957, the American drama was nominated for an Oscar, but this award went to Bondarchuk's film, almost 10 years later. In the American version, the most memorable were the scenes of military action directed by Mario Soldati. But even here, Soviet cinema surpassed the “dream factory”: the scene of the Battle of Borodino is still considered the most grandiose episode in the history of cinema (even without the use of any computer special effects). attended by... one hundred and twenty thousand people It is known that the director was extremely meticulous in the details even in the background, and therefore achieved such impressive authenticity. Starring Vyacheslav Tikhonov, Oleg Tabakov, Oleg Efremov, Anastasia Vertinskaya, Irina Skobtseva, and Sergei Bondarchuk himself in the role of Pierre Bezukhov. “Andrei Bolkonsky” was watched by 58 million viewers. The film took first place at the 1966 box office. The world premiere of the film “War and Peace” (with subtitles) took place two years later, in 1968 in Paris. Well, in 2002, Bondarchuk’s film was digitized in DVD format with translation into 17 languages. So, the classics do not get old, quite the contrary...

On March 14, 1966, China, preparing for the great proletarian cultural revolution, rebuffed US Vice President Hubert Humphrey, who proposed establishing friendship between the two countries. In the official response, this routine statement, in the spirit of diplomatic rhetoric, was called the kiss of Judas.

On this spring day in 1974, a decree was published in newspapers conferring the titles of People's Artists of the USSR to two stars of Russian cinema: Nona Mordyukova and Evgeny Matveev. In those days, they were preparing for filming in the next films: Mordyukova was supposed to play one of the main roles with Alexei Saltykov in “The Ivanov Family” and star in an episode with Sergei Bondarchuk in the Sholokhov film adaptation of “They Fought for the Motherland,” and Matveev - the main role in own film "Earthly Love".

On the day of our review, the American group Bon Jovi celebrates its birthday. The founding fathers in 1983 were Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora and Alec John Such.

On March 14, 1990, in the city of Stryi, Lviv region, for the first time in Soviet times, the Ukrainian national (blue-yellow) flag was raised over the administrative building - the city executive committee.

On the day of our review in 1990, Article 6 on the leading role of the CPSU was excluded from the USSR Constitution.

On the day we are considering in 2000, the American writer Stephen King became the first writer in the world to publish his work on the Internet (2 million people read it in a day).

International Rivers Day

Rivers Day is celebrated annually by many countries around the world. The first environmentally significant event was celebrated in 1998 and was called “International Dam Day” (some called it “Water Day”). So, it all started on March 14, 1998. It was on this day that the organizers of the anti-dam movement in dozens of countries held mass rallies in defense of rivers. In the first months, thousands of concerned citizens took part in demonstrations and river clean-up activities. After another year, there were about one hundred thousand companions. Anti-dam activists have already achieved great results. Several dams were dismantled in the United States, and Sweden adopted a number of laws according to which the country prohibits the construction of such structures more than 15 meters in height. The Russian Federation has not yet been affected by cardinal “coups”.

International Pi Day

Pi Day is an unusual holiday, but very relevant. The event was first celebrated in 1988 by the largest popular science museum located in San Francisco. A person begins to encounter the mathematical value of “Pi” from school, studying the geometric circle. The digital value of Pi is 3.14...and has an infinite duration. It is surprising that this unusual holiday coincides with the birthday of the legendary modern scientist - A. Einstein. For scientists all over the world, Pi Day plays a very important role. As a rule, on March 14, they gather at a symbolic round table, bake pies and round cakes, and then, discussing the mystery of the mathematical constant and the merits of Einstein, drink tea.

Leipzig Book Fair (date for 2013)

The Leipzig Book Fair first opened at the end of the 17th century and today is the second largest in the world after the Frankfurt Book Fair. The event usually lasts four days, presenting literature from a wide variety of publishers and types (from school magazines and calendars to audiobooks). At the exhibition, each visitor can purchase the printed materials he needs, as well as get acquainted with history, attend general educational lectures and personally meet with many outstanding writers of our time.

March 14 in the folk calendar

Avdotya Plyushchikha and Evdokia Svistunya

On March 14, people remember the Holy Great Martyr Evdokia of Iliopolis. In her youth, Evdokia was very beautiful, and, being a harlot, she earned a considerable fortune. Everything changed when on the path of life the woman met the monk Herman. According to legend, the saint converted a harlot to Christianity. After this, Evdokia distributed her wealth and took monastic vows. Soon the monk became the abbess of the convent. Admired by her beauty, the governor tried to take possession of the girl, but Evdokia remained faithful to her vow.

In Rus', Evdokia was nicknamed the Whistler, and this is due to the fact that on her day, as the peasants noted, strong winds “whistled”. This day was also called Avdotya Plyushchikha, since spring begins to “flatten” the ice and snow, tearing them to shreds. People believed that the snow that melted on March 14 had healing powers. There were also many weather omens for this day. For example, if warm winds blow on Evdokia, then the summer will be damp. A warm day testified to a fine spring, sunny summer and a great harvest.

Historical events of March 14

March 14, 1797– American Eli Whitney patented a machine he invented for separating cotton fiber from garbage, seeds and husks. The fiber processing apparatus was a wooden drum equipped with many metal hooks. It rotated with the help of hands or with the help of “horse artillery”. Before this, people ginned cotton by hand, which was too time-consuming. Therefore, cotton products were considered a luxury at that time.

March 14, 1875– the Italian circus Ciniselli presented for the first time the children's pantomime “Cinderella, or the Crystal Slipper.” The participants in the performance were children, the youngest of whom was about three years old. The premiere was a stunning success and over a couple of decades was played five hundred times in many countries around the world, including Russia.

March 14, 1939– The Germans began the occupation of Czechoslovakia. Subcarpathian Rus' and Slovakia were formally declared independent. In the city of Mistek, resistance broke out under the command of Captain Pavlik - his army entered into battle with the Nazis, which was the only case of organized resistance against the German invasion.

March 14, 1953– Nikita Khrushchev achieved the separation of powers: into state and party. Georgy Malenkov resigned as secretary of the Central Committee, and leadership passed into the hands of Khrushchev. Later it became clear that what had happened was a big mistake by Beria and Malenkov, who considered it more important to maintain control over state power.

March 14, 1956– The American company Ampex demonstrated the first video recorder intended exclusively for professional television needs. Ordinary people could not afford such an expensive pleasure, and the dimensions of the equipment left much to be desired, or rather, less. Ampex products were an incredible success. By the way, two years later the Soviet company Kadr released its video recorder, which was smaller in size and more convenient “style” of use.

March 14, 2004– Re-election of V. Putin to the post of president. Candidates for the post of President of the Russian Federation were nominated by: Sergei Glazyev, Vladimir Putin, Oleg Malyshkin, Irina Khakamada, Ivan Rybkin and Nikolai Kharitonov. Already the first round produced the expected results: more than 71% of the votes were cast for Vladimir Putin. Let us recall that Vladimir Vladimirovich first became President as a result of popular elections held in 2000.

Born on March 14

- Born on March 14, 1879 in a small German town Albert Einstein- a legend of world science. Despite his love for science, Einstein was a deeply religious man. Even as a child, he became interested in scientific works and reading relevant literature. The theoretical physicist's research and hypotheses turned the scientific world upside down. In fact, Albert Einstein became the “father” of theoretical physics in its modern variations. Acquaintances described him as an extremely modest, friendly, kind and sympathetic person. He never put himself above other scientists and willingly, with humor, admitted his mistakes.

— Michael Caine(born 1933) is a talented British actor, two-time Oscar winner. He played roles in such famous films as “The Eagle Has Sat,” “Detective,” “Dirty Rotten Scoundrels,” “The Man Who Would Be King,” etc.

— Nikolai Korolev(1917-1974) – Soviet boxer, coach. Honored Master of Sports. An entire era of Russian boxing is associated with his name.

— Vasily Peskov(born in 1930) - Soviet and Russian writer, traveler, journalist and TV presenter. The country especially remembered him as the host of the documentary TV show “In the Animal World.”

Name day March 14

Denis, Peter, Matilda, Agapius, Daria, Antonina, Alexander, Alexey, Anatoly, Anna, Donat, Veniamin, Vasily, Domna, Evdokia, Matrona, Ivan, Nestor, Mikhail, Nadezhda, Olga, Nikifor, Sophrony and Sylvester.

Day of Action for Rivers, Water and Life This is an international holiday, a day that is celebrated in many countries around the world; at first glance, it seems that it has a rather strange name. On the other hand, it is clear that without water there is no life on earth, and therefore it is necessary to protect and preserve all bodies of water that exist on the planet.

The day is a working day, it has been celebrated since 1998, activists hold various events, information and advertising campaigns.

Pi Day A mysterious number that has no end has always attracted mathematicians from all over the world. In the end, they agreed to celebrate it on March 14, because according to the date recording system adopted in the United States, the month is written first, then the day - 3/14.

Following this rule, all fans of the number pi can raise a glass and eat pi-rog in honor of the hero of the occasion, however, this must be done at 1:59:26 (that is, try not to fall asleep and not miss the moment).

Holidays around the world

Mother Language Day in the Republic of Estonia The writing in this Baltic state is based on the Latin alphabet; a feature of the language is the presence of three types of vowels. Most of the people who use Estonian live in the country, and about a hundred thousand live outside their homeland.

White Day in Japan, Korea, Taiwan This is a kind of continuation of Valentine's Day, celebrated a month earlier. For Japanese or Korean men, this is a reason to pamper your loved ones, give them gifts and flowers, since according to local traditions, on February 14, it is customary to give gifts only to men, while beloved girls and wives must make them with their own hands.

In response, exactly a month later they receive white gifts - chocolate or marshmallows, jewelry, white linen, the cost of the offering for the lady should be three times more than the price received by the man.

Holidays according to the national calendar March 14, 2019

New Year This is another opportunity to celebrate a cheerful holiday, which was once celebrated by people on March 1 (old style), the first day of spring. After this, the peasants began active spring field work.

Evdokia Day (Vesnovka, Svistunya, Avdotya Plyushchikha) The ancestors celebrated the beginning of spring on this day, the Orthodox Church honored the memory of the Venerable Evdokia of Iliopolis, who earned a lot of money and then went to a monastery.

The name of the holiday - “Whistling” - is associated with the strong winds blowing these days, and Avdotya Plyushchikha reminded that spring has come, and therefore the snow is flattening. People washed themselves with melt water collected on this day for beauty and health.

In Orthodoxy - Alexander and Alexandra, Vasily, Mikhail, Peter, Anna, Daria, Evdokia (Avdotya).
In Catholicism - Matilda.

Events in the history of this date

The coat of arms of the city of St. Petersburg was approved (1730) The main heraldic symbol of the Northern capital of Russia is very solemn, beautiful, filled with deep symbolism - in a scarlet field there are two intersecting silver anchors (one is sea, the other is river) and a golden scepter, a symbol of state power.

The word “photography” was mentioned for the first time (1839) This term was first coined by John Herschel, speaking to his few colleagues. He would be very surprised to see that after some 150 years even a child can be a photographer.

The foundation of the Shukhov Tower was laid (1920) In terms of fame, it is naturally inferior to the Eiffel Tower in Paris, but for millions of Soviet residents it has become a symbol of a new era - the era of television.

Debut performance of Metallica In 1982, the band that later became a cult band called Metallica first appeared on stage. This significant event took place in California, in the town of Anaheim, on the stage of the local Radio City concert hall.

For Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin began his next term as President of the Russian Federation (2004).

Celebrities born on this day

1804 – Johann Strauss, who enriched world culture with the Viennese waltz;

1932 – Naina Yeltsina, faithful companion of B.N. Yeltsin, the very first president of the Russian Federation;

1932 – two-time Oscar winner Michael Caine;

1979 - actor, one of the most prominent participants in the Comedy Club project Pavel Volya.