Furazolidone capsules. An old faithful remedy, furazolidone. Use for disorders of the liver and kidneys

1. Pharmacological action

Drug group: Furazolidone is an antimicrobial drug from the nitrofuran group. Bacterial activity:

• Shigella of various types;
• Typhoid pathogens;
• Paratyphoid pathogens;
• Escherichia coli;
• Streptococci of various types;
• Staphylococci of various types;
• Bacteria of the genus Proteus;
• Klebsiella of various types;
• Enterobacteriaceae of various species;
• Trichomonas of various types;
• Giardia of various types.

• Pathogens of anaerobic infection;
• Pathogens of purulent infection.

2. indications for use

• various infectious diseases of the digestive system;
• typhus;
• paratyphoid;
• various infectious diseases of the urinary system;
• food poisoning;
• various infectious diseases of the reproductive system;
• trichomonas colpitis;
• trichomonas inflammation of the urethra;
• various infectious diseases of the skin;
• bacillary dysentery;
• trichomonas pyelitis;
• infected wounds (in the form of an ointment or pre-prepared solution);
• infected burns (in the form of an ointment or pre-prepared solution);
• enterocolitis;
• diarrhea of ​​infectious origin;
• trichomonas;

3. Method of application

• dysentery in pediatric patients: determined by the attending physician individually depending on the weight of the patients;
• dysentery in adult patients: two tablets of the drug four times a day for ten days;
• paratyphoid fever in pediatric patients: determined by the attending physician individually depending on the weight of the patients;
• paratyphoid in adult patients: two tablets of the drug four times a day for ten days;
• food toxic infections in pediatric patients: determined individually by the attending physician depending on the weight of the patients;
• foodborne infections in adult patients: two tablets of the drug four times a day for ten days;
• in pediatric patients: 10 mg of the drug per kilogram of weight, divided into three doses per day;
• giardiasis in adult patients: two tablets of the drug four times a day;
• trichomonas inflammation of the urethra in adult patients: two tablets of the drug four times a day for three days;
• trichomonas colpitis in adult patients: two tablets of the drug up to four times a day for two weeks.

4. Side effects

• Various hypersensitivity reactions to Furazolidone: itching of the skin, skin rashes,;
• Hematopoietic system: the appearance of methemoglobin in the blood;
• Respiratory system: cough;
• Metabolic processes: decrease in body temperature;
• Digestive system: nausea, stomach pain, decreased or complete loss of appetite, vomiting;
• Central and peripheral nervous system: toxic damage to nervous tissue.

5. Contraindications

• Use of the drug in patients with end-stage functional failure of normal renal function;
• Simultaneous use of the drug with drugs from the group of antidepressants;
• The presence of deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in patients;
• Simultaneous use of the drug with Ephedrine;
• Hypersensitivity to Furazolidone or its components;
• Simultaneous use of the drug with Tyramine;
• Use of the drug in pregnant women;
• Concomitant use of Furazolidone with drugs that block the action of monoamine oxidase;
• Use of the drug in patients whose activities involve the management of potentially life-threatening mechanisms;
• Concomitant use of the drug with Amphetamine;
• Individual intolerance to Furazolidone or its components;
• Simultaneous use of the drug with Phenylephrine;
• Use of the drug in patients whose activities involve driving any vehicles;
• Use of the drug in nursing mothers;
• The presence of lactase deficiency in patients;
• Use of Furazolidone in patients younger than one month of age.

• in patients suffering from various liver diseases;
• The use of Furazolidone in patients suffering from various diseases of the nervous system.

6. During pregnancy and lactation

Pregnant women can take Furazolidone only in exceptional cases as directed by a specialist. Nursing mothers can take Furazolidone only in exceptional cases as directed by a specialist.

7. Interaction with other drugs

Simultaneous use of the drug with:

• drugs that shift the pH of urine to the acidic side, drugs from the group of aminoglycosides or Tetracycline leads to increased effects;
• medications that shift the pH of urine to the alkaline side leads to a weakening of the effect;
• Ristomycin or Chloramphenicol leads to inhibition of hematopoietic processes;
• medicines containing ethyl alcohol or alcohol-containing drinks leads to the development of disulfiram-like reactions;
• Ephedrine, Tyramine, antidepressant drugs, Amphetamine, drugs that inhibit monoamine oxidase or Phenylephrine lead to increased blood pressure.

8. Overdose

Symptoms of an overdose of Furazolidone:

• Digestive system: toxic liver damage;
• Circulatory system: toxic damage to the hematopoietic organs;
• Central and peripheral nervous system: multiple toxic damage to nervous tissue.

• Urgent gastric lavage in the first two hours after taking excessive doses;
• Taking any sorbent medications in the maximum dosage;
• Taking saline laxatives;
• Maintaining the water-salt balance at a sufficient level;
• Taking various medications that block histamine receptors;
• Taking various medications containing B vitamins.

9. Release form

Pills. 50 mg - 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 80 or 100 pcs.

10. Storage conditions

• The room humidity level is within normal limits;
• Complete absence of direct sunlight.

11. Composition

1 tablet:

• furazolidone - 50 mg;
• Excipients: potato starch, calcium stearate (calcium stearate), sugar (sucrose), Tween-80 (polysorbate), lactose (milk sugar).

12. Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

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* Instructions for medical use of the drug Furazolidone are published in free translation. THERE ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS. BEFORE USE, YOU MUST CONSULT WITH A SPECIALIST

An antibacterial agent that is used primarily in urology. Effectively fights the causative agent of the disease and rarely causes adverse reactions. Children are prescribed in the form of a suspension, which also has a detrimental effect on pathogenic flora in the gastrointestinal tract.

Dosage form

Furazolidone is available in tablets. The package with the drug contains 2 blisters of 10 tablets each. For children, the medicine can be prescribed in the form of a granulated powder for the preparation of a suspension.

Description and composition

The drug Furazolidone belongs to the antibacterial drugs from the nitrofuran group. The drug has proven its high effectiveness in the treatment of many infectious diseases. It has a broad antimicrobial effect, is highly effective, well tolerated and has low toxicity. In practice, Furazolidone is more often used in nephrology, urology, gastroenterology or dermatology. Compared to other antibiotics, the drug is affordable. Furazolidone has no structural analogues, so the drug can only be replaced with antibiotics with the same principle of action.

One tablet of the drug contains 0.05 g of furazolidone, as well as excipients.

Pharmacological group

Furazolidone is an antimicrobial drug from the nitrofuran group. The use of tablets in the treatment of infectious diseases makes it possible to suppress the aggressiveness and reproduction of a large number of pathogenic bacteria, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as trichomonas, salmonella. It is these bacteria that most often cause the development of diseases of the genitourinary system. The medicine does not show high activity against anaerobic and purulent infections. The mechanism of action of the drug allows you to disrupt the respiration of pathogenic bacteria at the cellular level, suppress their reproduction cycle, and inhibit their biological processes. This effect of the drug allows you to destroy the membrane of bacteria, stop their reproduction and penetration into the deeper tissues of the body. Under the influence of the drug, there is a decrease in toxins produced by bacteria. This effect of the drug allows you to improve the general condition of the patient and reduce the risk of developing intoxication of the body with waste products of bacteria.

Furazolidone is a synthetic antibiotic. When used, a pronounced bacteriostatic effect is manifested, as well as a persistent antimicrobial effect. The drug destroys the integrity of the cell membranes of bacteria, blocks their growth and reproduction, thereby reducing the risk of complications and accelerating recovery.

Indications for use

The instructions for the drug contain a list of diseases, the treatment of which may include taking Furazolidone tablets. The appropriateness of prescribing the drug should be determined by the doctor.

For adults

For adults, Furazolidone tablets are prescribed in combination therapy with other drugs to treat the following diseases and conditions:

• infectious diarrhea;
• enterocolitis;
• giardiasis;
• food toxic infections.

For children

In pediatrics, the medicine is prescribed in the form of granules for the preparation of an oral suspension. The following conditions may be indicated:

Only a doctor can prescribe the drug to a child strictly according to indications, individually selecting the dosage of the drug.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, it is better to avoid using Furazolidone tablets. Clinical trials have not revealed any negative effects of the drug on the fetus, so in some cases, when there is a need to take the medicine, it can be prescribed by a doctor. Pregnant women can be prescribed tablets for intestinal infections, giardiasis and other diseases.

Clinical trials have shown that in rare cases, taking the medicine by a pregnant woman can provoke glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the child, hemolytic anemia and other conditions. Given the possible risks, only a doctor can prescribe the medicine.

Contraindications

Like any other antibiotic, Furazolidone has a number of contraindications, including:

1. increased sensitivity to the composition;
2. chronic renal failure;
3. pregnancy;
4. breast-feeding;
5. children under 1 year of age.

The medicine is prescribed with caution in case of deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pathologies of the nervous and cardiovascular systems.

Applications and dosages

The antimicrobial drug Furazolidone can be prescribed by a doctor only after determining the cause of the disease and making a diagnosis. Doses are determined by the doctor individually for each patient.

For adults

Furazolidone tablets are taken strictly following the prescribed regimen. Depending on the diagnosis and stage of the disease, the dose may be increased or decreased. The standard dosage regimen is 2 tablets 3 times a day. The treatment course can take from 3 to 7 days. The effect of taking the drug can be noticed already on the 2nd day of use.

For children

For children, a suspension is used. At the age of 1 to 3 years, a single dose of 0.0125 g - 0.015 g (4 - 5 ml) per day is prescribed. Children from 3 to 5 are recommended to take 0.018 - 0.021 g (6 - 7 ml) per day. From 5 years old, no more than 0.084 g (24 - 28 ml) per day is allowed. Along with the bottle, the package contains a measuring spoon, which allows parents to correctly distribute doses of the medicine and eliminate the risk of overdose.

For pregnant women and during lactation

Considering that the drug is contraindicated for pregnant women and can only be used as a last resort, the dosage should be prescribed by a doctor individually for each woman.

Side effects

The drug Furazolidone has slight toxicity, is well tolerated, but can still cause some adverse reactions in the body, including:

• decreased appetite;
• nausea, urge to;
• allergic skin reactions;
• pain in the epigastric region.

The appearance of such symptoms often becomes a reason to discontinue the drug and prescribe analogues. The closest analogues in terms of the mechanism of action are such drugs as Enterol, Enterofuril. Such drugs contain another active component, so only a doctor can prescribe them.

Interaction with other drugs

Furazolidone is an antibacterial drug, so it is not compatible with similar groups of drugs. Taking drugs from the tetracycline group enhances the effect of furazolidone, which increases the risk of side effects. When taking the drug together with drugs from the group of antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, ephedrine, blood pressure may increase. The drug is not compatible with alcohol. If a person has chronic diseases or takes any medications, they must inform their doctor about this.

special instructions

It is strictly forbidden to take the drug without a doctor's prescription. Only a specialist will be able to prescribe the required dose and therapeutic course. If the nature of the disease is not known, it is recommended to undergo additional research methods and only then take the drug.

Overdose

If the prescribed dose of the drug is not observed or if it is used uncontrolled, there is a risk of developing adverse reactions of the body, including:

1. acute toxic hepatitis;
2. polyneuritis;
3. symptoms of poisoning.

There is no antidote for such symptoms and consequences, so only going to the hospital, taking enterosorbents and saline laxatives can improve the patient’s condition.

Storage conditions

You can buy the medicine at the pharmacy without a doctor's prescription, although the instructions contain information about the prescription of the drug. The medicine should be stored in a dark place inaccessible to children at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees. The shelf life of the medicine is 3 years from the date of release.

Furazolidone is a cheap antibiotic. It has good reviews from users, but can only be used as prescribed by a doctor.

Analogues

The following furazolidone analogues are commercially available:

1. is an antibacterial agent that acts primarily in the intestinal lumen. Therefore, it is prescribed for bacterial infections occurring in this part of the digestive tract. The medication is available in tablets that can be taken by children from 3 years of age.
2. belongs to Furazolidone substitutes in the clinical and pharmacological group. It is an intestinal antiseptic, its active substance is. The drug comes in tablets, capsules and suspensions. It is used for intestinal infections caused by pathogens sensitive to it in children over 2 years of age. Can be used with caution during pregnancy and lactation.
3. refers to nitrofuran derivatives. The medication is available in tablets that contain nifuratel as an active ingredient. It has antibacterial, antimycotic, antiprotozoal effects. The medication is used for infections of the genitourinary system and digestive tract. For children it is prescribed at a dosage of 10-15 mg per kg of weight. You can drink with caution during pregnancy and lactation.
4. belongs to Furazolidone substitutes in the therapeutic group. It is available in capsules and suspensions. Used as an antimicrobial agent for intestinal infections. In suspension, the drug can be given to babies older than 1 month; capsules are allowed from 3 years. It can be used for a short time during lactation.

Drug price

The cost of Furazolidone is on average 80 rubles. Prices range from 48 to 203 rubles.

Furazolidone is a drug with antimicrobial and antiprotozoal effects, a derivative of nitrofuran of synthetic origin. It is an inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase.

Pharmgroup: Antiseptics and antimicrobials for the treatment of gynecological diseases (except for combinations with glucocorticosteroids).

Composition of the drug, release form, price

One tablet of furazolidone contains 0.05 g of furazolidone.

• Tablets 50 mg, 10 pcs each in contour-free and blister packaging, packed in cardboard boxes. 1 package contains 10 (1 blister) or 20 (2 blisters) tablets.
• Tablets No. 10: 44-62 rub.
• Tablets No. 20: 80-130 rub.
• Furazolidone granules. The preparation for the preparation of a suspension is intended for children.
• Furazolidone powder. Veterinary drug.

pharmachologic effect

According to the instructions for use, Furazolidone, being a derivative of nitrofurans, disrupts the biochemical processes of microorganisms, such as cellular respiration and the Krebs cycle, which leads to the destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane or membrane. After several doses of the drug, even before the massive breakdown of microorganisms, there is an improvement in the patient’s general well-being, which is associated with a decrease in the production of toxins by microbial cells.

• Active against a wide group of gram-positive and gram-negative microbes and protozoa: Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas spp., Shigella: dysenteria, boydii, flexneri, sonnei; Salmonella typhi and paratyphi, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Lamblia.
• Inactive against pathogens of anaerobic and purulent infections.
• Characteristic is the slow development of resistance of pathogenic flora to this drug.
• A distinctive feature of Furazolidone is the absence of an inhibitory effect on the immune system.
• As a result of taking Furazolidone, the ability of leukocytes to destroy microorganisms increases.

Pharmacokinetics: There is good absorption when administered orally. In case of inflammation of the meninges, it penetrates well into the cerebrospinal fluid, creating a concentration there equal to that in the blood plasma. Rapidly metabolized by the liver to form an amino derivative, pharmacologically inactive metabolite.

Up to 65% of the drug is excreted by the kidneys, a small concentration is found in feces, equal to the therapeutic dose for etiological pathogens of intestinal infections.

Absolute: hypersensitivity to nitrofurans, end-stage chronic renal failure, pregnancy and lactation, children under 12 months.

Relative (the drug is prescribed with caution): deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, chronic renal failure, pathologies of the nervous system and liver.

Dosage

The drug is used orally, after meals with plenty of water (except for local use for surgical pathology). Treatment should not last more than 10 days.

The maximum daily dose for adults is 800 mg, the maximum single dose is 200 mg.

Side effect

• Gastrointestinal tract - Decreased appetite, up to complete absence, nausea, vomiting.
• Nervous system - Neuritis and polyneuritis (with long-term use).
• Skin - Angioedema, skin rash, redness and itching of the skin.

Overdose: toxic hepatitis, polyneuritis. If an overdose is established, the drug is discontinued and plenty of fluids are prescribed along with symptomatic therapy: antihistamines, enterosorbents, B vitamins.

Drug interactions

• In combination with ethanol-containing drugs or alcohol, disulfiram-like reactions may develop: fever, facial flushing, drop in blood pressure, difficulty breathing, tachycardia, nausea, fear of death, panic.
• In combination with antidepressants, ephedrine, MAO inhibitors, phenylephrine, amphetamine, tyramine, a sharp increase in blood pressure is likely.
• When taking chloramphenicol and ristomycin, furazolidone provokes inhibition of hematopoiesis.
• When taken simultaneously with aminoglycosides and tetracyclines, the antimicrobial properties of furazolidone are enhanced.
• Medicines that alkalinize the urine reduce the effectiveness of furazolidone, while those that acidify the urine increase it.

Special instructions

To prevent neuritis, if long-term use is necessary, B vitamins are prescribed in parallel.

For information: Nitrofurans, including Furazolidone, etc., are prohibited in the European Union and the USA, since they supposedly increase the risk of kidney cancer with long-term use (but they are not prescribed for a long time). It is possible that this is lobbying for more expensive (ten times) and toxic broad-spectrum antibiotics - fluoroquinolones, which are becoming very popular and are actively prescribed in the European Union and America. Fluoroquinolones are today reserve drugs for tuberculosis with multidrug resistance, and therefore active lobbying and prescription of fluoroquinolones for the treatment of any disease (when other drugs can be used) is dangerous. This jeopardizes the effectiveness of treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis, which is now growing in Russia (see problems of tuberculosis,).

The drug is part of a group of pharmacological drugs that have an antimicrobial effect, for which Furazolidone is used for cystitis, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis and digestive disorders. The chemical structure allows it to be classified as an antibacterial synthetic compound, nitrofurans. It is advisable to use furazolidone for pathologies that develop after the penetration of pathogenic bacteria and protozoa into the human body. Despite its simple composition, the drug has many contraindications and side effects. Therefore, you should not exceed the dosage of Furazolidone recommended by your doctor, as well as the duration of the course of treatment.

Furazolidone tablets have a bacteriostatic and antimicrobial effect

Features of the use of a pharmacological drug

The main pharmacological properties of Furazolidone are bacteriostatic and antimicrobial. This combination also determines the pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. The drug is active against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is capable of destroying chlamydia and some protozoa.

Furazolidone is used for acute forms of various pathologies or exacerbations of chronic diseases. Most often, doctors prescribe the drug for the development of an inflammatory process in one of the parts of the urinary system, as well as for bacterial intestinal infections.

To quickly and effectively treat diseases you need:

• determination of the species of the pathogen;
• establishing its sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.

To do this, laboratories inoculate biological samples in a nutrient medium. Waiting for test results can last for several days, and the patient already suffers from pain when urinating or bouts of vomiting. In this case, doctors immediately prescribe furazolidone to patients. Most pathogenic microorganisms have not developed resistance to its active substance, which provides a wide range of use of the antimicrobial drug. The antibacterial agent quickly and effectively destroys:

• streptococci;
• staphylococci;
• salmonella;
• Trichomonas;
• Klebsiella;
• Trichomonas;
• Giardia.

Furazolidone is not only the well-known little yellow tablets, but also a substance for the preparation of dosage forms for topical use. Suppositories and ointments are prepared from it according to individual recipes. This is done by pharmacists and pharmacists in pharmacies with prescription and production departments.

Limiting the use of nitrofurans in the treatment of diseases

Recently, there has been a reduction in the prescription of nitrofurans, which include the well-known Enterofuril and Furazolidone. In many countries, these chemicals are banned for use due to their alleged carcinogenic effects with long-term use. Considering that Furazolidone is never used for long-term treatment, there is a version of lobbying by manufacturers of other drugs.

This most likely applies to fluoroquinolones:

• Nolitsin;
• Ciprofloxacin;
• Ofloxacin.

They are often prescribed for pyelonephritis, acute and chronic cystitis, and are not only significantly more expensive than nitrofurans, but also much more toxic.

It's all about tuberculosis, a fairly common disease in our country. Fluoroquinolones are used for this infectious pathology only when other tablets and solutions are unsuccessful. If you treat ordinary cystitis with Nolitsin, the bacteria will develop resistance to it and the drug will not have a therapeutic effect when a person is infected with tuberculosis.

What is the use of the drug based on?

The widespread use of Furazolidone in the treatment of bacterial infections is based on the absence of rapid adaptation of pathogenic microorganisms to its main ingredient. This allows the drug to be used in the treatment of patients with chronic diseases during their relapses. Furazolidone is used in the treatment of digestive disorders, when antibiotic therapy is extremely undesirable due to the development of complications, for example, dysbiosis.

Antimicrobial action

The active substance Furazolidone has the ability to disrupt the processes of cellular respiration of pathogenic microbes. After the drug penetrates the gastrointestinal tract, it is absorbed by the mucous membranes and enters first into the systemic bloodstream, and then transferred to the inflammatory focus. The mechanism of the antimicrobial action of Furazolidone lies in its ability to:

• suppress the metabolic breakdown of tricarboxylic acid;
• destroy cytoplasmic membranes and outer shells of microorganisms.

Violation of the integrity of bacterial cells causes inhibition of growth and suppression of the active reproduction of bacteria of pathogenic and opportunistic microflora.

Often, patients with pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, and intestinal infections develop symptoms of general intoxication. They are provoked by toxins that enter the bloodstream - waste products of microbes. The use of Furazolidone prevents the development of events in such a negative scenario, since the number of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, bladder, kidneys and urethra is gradually reduced.

Boosting immunity

The undoubted advantage of Furazolidone is the ability to increase the activity of white blood cells. Under the influence of the drug, the ability of leukocytes increases:

• destroy infectious pathogens;
• prevent their growth and reproduction.

The drug has the ability to quickly reduce the severity of inflammation, from which Furazolidone tablets are taken to increase the body's resistance to infectious agents, as well as strengthen general immunity.

Scope of application of the pharmacological drug

The therapeutic effect of tablets is directly dependent on the concentration of the active substance in the systemic circulation:

• the use of high doses leads to the destruction of bacterial cells;
• a small amount of the drug causes inhibition of the growth and reproduction of infectious pathogens.

Therefore, single and daily doses, as well as the duration of the course of treatment, are determined by a urologist or gastroenterologist. When prescribing, it is based on the results of laboratory tests, taking into account the patient’s age and history of diseases.

Furazolidone is able to destroy pathogens of pyelonephritis

Taking pills for cystitis and pyelonephritis

Furazolidone is often prescribed by urologists to patients who have been diagnosed with acute cystitis or pyelonephritis. Almost all pathogens of these pathologies are sensitive to the active substance of the drug. But there are also application features based on the pharmacokinetics of the drug. Metabolism of the main and auxiliary ingredients of Furazolidone occurs in liver cells (hepatocytes). Under the action of enzymes, large conglomerates are formed, which are excreted:

• with bile acids;
• every time you empty your bladder.

Most of the drug leaves the body with feces, so its significant concentration is found in the intestines. When prescribing Furazolidone for pyelonephritis or cystitis, the urologist takes this feature into account and includes additional antibacterial drugs in the therapeutic regimen.

Use for intestinal infections

The main symptoms of gastrointestinal infections include vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. Such diseases are especially dangerous for young children, as they quickly provoke dehydration and loss of important mineral compounds. Furazolidone is prescribed by gastroenterologists when diagnosing the following pathologies in adults and children:

• rotavirus infection;
• amoebic dysentery;
• salmonellosis;
• cholera;
• giardiasis;
• typhoid fever;
• intestinal flu.

The drug actively destroys infectious agents, a common cause of which they enter the body is dirty hands and unwashed fruits and vegetables. It is not advisable to use Furazolidone for diarrhea of ​​unknown origin. It can occur in humans against the background of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract not associated with infection by microbes.

Advice: “If you need to take Furazolidone tablets with plenty of clean water. During the absorption of the drug by the mucous membranes, they become excessively dry, which negatively affects the background of general dehydration of the body.”

Furazolidone quickly and effectively eliminates the symptoms of intestinal infections

Application in the treatment of children

The drug is not used in the treatment of children under one year of age. What are the indications of Furazolidone for babies older than one year:

• acute, chronic intestinal infections;
• inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder and urethra;
• burns.

The yellow tablets can be swallowed whole or dissolved in plenty of water. The first option is preferable due to the bitter taste of the tablets. But consuming a solution of the drug will allow the active substance to quickly exhibit a therapeutic effect. When treating children, it is strictly prohibited:

• combine the use of Furazolidone with medications that are not included in the therapeutic regimen by the doctor. This can cause unwanted chemical reactions and unpredictable complications;
• exceed the dosages recommended by a pediatric urologist or gastroenterologist, the frequency of tablets taken and the duration of the course of treatment in the hope of a speedy recovery.

If a day after taking Furazolidone the child’s health condition has not improved, then the doctor should be informed about this. He will adjust dosages, replace medications, or supplement the therapeutic regimen with new drugs.

Furazolidone

International nonproprietary name

Furazolidone

Dosage form

Tablets 50 mg

Compound

One tablet contains

active substance - furazolidone 50.0 mg,

Excipients: potato starch, lactose monohydrate, colloidal silicon dioxide (aerosil), calcium stearate.

Description

Yellow tablets with a flat surface. On one side of the tablet there is a chamfer, on the other there is a chamfer and a corporate logo in the form of a cross.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Other antiseptics and antimicrobials

PBX code G01AX06

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacokinetics

Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is 30%.

The maximum concentration of furazolidone in blood plasma after taking a dose of 100 mg is 0.25-0.43 mcg/ml and is achieved after 1.85-3.0 hours.

The time of maintaining therapeutic concentration in blood plasma is 4-6 hours.

Easily penetrates the placenta and blood-brain barrier. Penetrates the lymph very well. In patients suffering from meningitis, the concentrations of furazolidone in the cerebrospinal fluid correspond to those in the blood plasma.

After absorption, the drug is quickly metabolized in the body, mainly in the liver, with the formation of a pharmacologically inactive metabolite.

Furazolidone binds poorly to plasma proteins.

The half-life of elimination from the blood is on average 30 minutes. It is excreted primarily by the kidneys, both unchanged - 85%, and in the form of a pharmacologically inactive metabolite. High therapeutic concentrations of the drug are observed in the intestinal lumen. In patients suffering from renal failure, there is an accumulation of the drug in the body due to a decrease in the rate of its excretion by the kidneys. Pharmacodynamics

Furazolidone is an antibacterial drug from the nitrofuran group. Furazolidone is a synthetic derivative of 5-nitrofurfural, which has pronounced antimicrobial activity against gram-negative aerobic microorganisms; gram-positive aerobic microorganisms, some protozoa and fungi (in particular fungi of the genus Candida) are less sensitive to the action of the drug. The pharmacological effect of the drug directly depends on the dose; when using low doses, furazolidone has a bacteriostatic effect; with increasing doses, pronounced bactericidal activity is observed. In addition, the drug has some immunostimulating effects. The mechanism of the antimicrobial action of the drug lies in the ability of the nitro group of furazolidone under the action of bacterial enzymes to be restored to the amino group. Substances formed as a result of the reduction of the nitro group have a toxic effect, block a number of biochemical processes in the bacterial cell, and disrupt the structure and integrity of the cell membrane. When furazolidone is used, inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid cycle is observed, as a result of which the cellular respiration of microorganisms and the function of the cytoplasmic membrane are disrupted and the death of the microorganism occurs. The furazolidone molecule, due to its ability to form complex compounds with nucleic acids, disrupts the synthesis of a number of proteins in the bacterial cell, as a result of which the growth and reproduction of microorganisms is inhibited.

The mechanism of the immunostimulating effect of the drug lies in its ability to increase complement titer and phagocytic activity of leukocytes. In addition, furazolidone reduces the production of toxins by microorganisms, as a result of which an improvement in the overall clinical picture is noted earlier than microbiological tests give a negative result.

The ability of furazolidone to inhibit monoamine oxidase has been noted, which leads to the development of mild agitation in patients taking this drug. The drug is effective in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by strains of microorganisms sensitive to the action of furazolidone, including: Gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic bacteria: Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Shigella spp. (including Shigella dysenteria, Shigella boydii, Shigella sonnei), Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Esherichia coli, Proteus spp, Klebsiella spp, and bacteria of the genus Enterobacter. The drug is also effective against protozoa, including Trichomonas spp., Lamblia spp. In addition, the drug is effective against fungi of the genus Candida However, before prescribing furazolidone for the treatment of candidiasis, sensitivity tests should be performed. Pathogen microorganisms are practically insensitive to furazolidone anaerobic and purulent infections. Resistance to the drug develops slowly.

Indications for use

Dysentery

Paratyphoid

Foodborne illnesses

Giardiasis

Trichomonas urethritis

Directions for use and doses

For dysentery, paratyphoid fever, foodborne infections in adults, use 50-150 mg (1-3 tablets of 50 mg each) 4 times a day for 5-10 days. In children, doses are reduced according to age.

For giardiasis, adults: 100 mg (2 tablets of 50 mg) 4 times a day; children at the rate of 10 mg/kg/day in 3-4 doses for 5-10 days.

For trichomonas urethritis, 100 mg 4 times a day for 3 days.

Maximum doses for adults: single 0.2 g, daily 0.8 g.

To reduce side effects, it is recommended to take furazolidone with plenty of liquid.

Side effects

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting

Skin rash, itching, urticaria, Quincke's edema, hyperemia,

angioedema Possible

Shortness of breath, cough

Dizziness, polyneuritis

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to furazolidone and other components

drug

Severe renal dysfunction, chronic renal

failure, oliguria

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Acute porphyria

Children under 6 years old

Pregnancy and lactation

Drug interactions

Agents that alkalize urine (sodium bicarbonate, trisamine) reduce the effect of furazolidone (by accelerating its excretion in the urine), and agents that acidify urine (solutions of amino acids, ascorbic acid, methionine, potassium orotate) increase it.

Aminoglycosides and tetracyclines enhance the antimicrobial effect of furazolidone.

When used together with chloramphenicol and ristomycin, it enhances the hematotoxic effect (the ability to inhibit hematopoiesis) of these drugs.

It has a disulfiram-like effect, sensitizing the body to the products of ethanol metabolism. During treatment with furazolidone, the use of drinks containing alcohol is contraindicated.

When used together with antidepressants from the group of MAO inhibitors (nialamide, tranylcypramine, moclobemide), tricyclic antidepressants (imipramine, amitriptyline), sympathomimetics (ephedrine, cocaine), there is a risk of developing a hypertensive crisis.

B vitamins weaken the neurotoxic undesirable effects of furazolidone.

special instructions

Furazolidone is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and appropriate precautions should be taken when using it. Furazolidone increases the body's sensitivity to ethyl alcohol, which can lead to the development of nausea and vomiting when consuming alcohol and furazolidone simultaneously.

Furazolidone inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO); when using it, fermented foods containing tyramine (red wines, smoked meat and meat products, oysters, soft cheeses, chocolate, products with soy protein) should be excluded from the diet. Acidic fruit juices enhance the effect of furazolidone, up to the possibility of developing a toxic effect

Features of the effect of the drug on the ability to drive vehicles and other potentially dangerous mechanisms

Considering the side effects of the drug, the drug should not be prescribed to patients whose work involves driving a car and potentially dangerous mechanisms.

Overdose

Symptoms: When high doses are administered, neurotoxic reactions, polyneuritis, acute toxic hepatitis, and disorders of the hematopoietic system may occur.

Treatment: discontinuation of the drug, taking large amounts of fluid to increase urinary excretion of the drug, hemodialysis, symptomatic therapy (antihistamines, B vitamins). There is no specific antidote.

Release form and packaging

10 tablets in a blister pack made of polyvinyl chloride or imported film and aluminum or imported foil.

Contour cellular packaging is placed in cardboard boxes for consumer packaging. Each box contains approved instructions for medical use in the state and Russian languages.

Storage conditions

Store in a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding

Keep out of the reach of children!

Shelf life

After the expiration date, do not use the drug.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

On prescription

Manufacturer

JSC "Khimpharm", REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN,

Shymkent, st. Rashidova, b/n, t/f: 561342

Registration Certificate Holder

JSC "Khimpharm", Republic of Kazakhstan

Address of the organization that accepts claims from consumers regarding the quality of products (products) on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan

JSC "Khimpharm", Shymkent, REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN,

st. Rashidova, w/n, t/f: 560882

Phone number 7252 (561342)

Fax number 7252 (561342)

E-mail address [email protected]