Kirkazon herb: medicinal properties, application. Kirkazon herb medicinal properties and contraindications Use in medicine, for decorative purposes

It is considered a medicinal plant and has been used in folk medicine since ancient times, despite its toxicity. However, recent scientific data show that this plant has carcinogenic and mutagenic effects and in some countries the sale and use of drugs containing it are prohibited. In addition, there is a hypothesis that Kirkazon clematis may be the cause of the so-called Balkan endemic nephropathy, a chronic kidney disease found in some areas of the Balkan Peninsula (Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia), where the plant is believed to have been unintentionally consumed through contaminated flour.
A link between kidney failure and aristolochic acid, which contains Kirkasone, was discovered at an obesity clinic in Belgium.
In Russia, a decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation prohibits the import, production and sale of dietary supplements that contain Kirkazon, including Kirkazon clematis.

Botanical description of Kirkazona clematis

Places where Kirkazona clematis grows

Collection and preparation of clematis kirkazona

Chemical composition of Kirkazon clematis

The rhizomes of Kirkazona clematis contain alkaloids - aristolochine, magnoflorin, essential oil, bitter and tannins, aristolochic acid.

Kirkazon leaves contain aristolochine, aristolochic acid, essential oil, saponins, organic acids, carotene.
The seeds contain aristolochine, aristolochic acid and fatty oil.

Pharmacological properties of Kirkazon clematis

Application of Kirkazona clematis in medicine

Medicinal preparations of Kirkazona clematis

Contraindications for the use of Kirkazon clematis

Kirkazon is a woody or herbaceous vine with large beautiful leaves. It is often used for strict landscaping of vertical structures. The healing properties of Kirkazon are also known. In the descriptions you can find the same plant under the names “Aristolochia”, “Laborum”, “Camphora” or “Fever Grass”. It belongs to the Kirkozonaceae family. The genus of plants is so ancient that it existed even before the division of the land into continents. Therefore, individual varieties are found throughout the globe. Most often, kirkazons live in tropical and subtropical zones of Africa, Australia, Asia and Latin America.

Description of the plant

Kirkazon is a herbaceous perennial. It has a branched rhizome, which is located shallow from the surface of the earth. Weakly branched shoots grow 8-14 m in height. In the lower part, woody stems grow vertically. When young, they are covered with green-brown smooth bark, which gradually turns brown and cracks. The upper part of the vine is more flexible and covered with pile.

Kirkazon leaves are very decorative. The large heart-shaped, palmate or arrow-shaped leaf plate is colored light green or bright green. The underside of the leaf is covered with short hairs. The length of the leaf blade is 5-30 cm. The leaves have long arched petioles and are arranged alternately. They form a continuous green cover, receiving maximum light during the day.

The flowering period for Kirkazon occurs in May-October, depending on the species. It lasts up to 20 days. Axillary flowers grow singly or in groups of up to 8 buds. They have a very unusual shape. Curved tubes resemble jugs, saxophones or gramophones. Insects get into them. Since kirkazon is pollinated mainly by flies, its flowers emit an unpleasant smell of rotting. The color of the petals can be red, reddish-brown or yellow. Flowering begins after 5 years of age.

After pollination, hanging seed pods of round or oblong shape ripen. Under the thin skin there are many seeds. The ripe capsule opens on its own, and the trihedral seeds spill out of it or are carried by the wind.

Types of Kirkazon

There are almost 200 species of Aristolochia in the world. Only 7 of them grow in the vastness of Russia. The most common:

Kirkazon ordinary (clematis). A large vine with herbaceous shoots up to 15 m long, it is distinguished by large ovoid leaves with a matte, rough surface. The foliage ends with a blunt edge. At the end of May, small pitchers of yellow flowers appear on the plant. In July, the fruits ripen in the form of elegant spherical boxes, similar to miniature pumpkins or watermelons.

The plant is a vine. The young bark on it is smooth, swamp green. Over the years, it cracks and acquires a light brown tint. The heart-shaped, bright green leaves grow up to 30 cm in diameter. On one shoot, the leaves may differ in shade, giving the vine a mosaic color. In autumn, while remaining green, the leaves fall off. Flowering begins in June; yellow-green tubular flowers, similar to small jugs, bloom in the axils of the leaves. After pollination, oblong seed pods ripen. However, fruiting almost never occurs due to the lack of natural pollinators.

A deciduous woody vine covered with large dark green leaves. On the leaf blades there are glands that emit a camphor aroma. The width of the leaves reaches 30 cm. Flowering occurs from the beginning of May, when creamy-brown axillary flowers bloom on the vines. In autumn, yellowed leaves fall off.

A deciduous climbing plant grows up to 10 m in height. Its young shoots and leaves are densely covered with felt pile. The foliage is a dull light green color. The showy, egg-shaped leaves grow 16 cm in length. Wrinkled yellow flowers about 3.5 cm long bloom in early June.

The liana with beautiful heart-shaped leaves is distinguished by larger flowers. The buds are located singly or in numbers of 4-6 pieces in the leaf axils. The length of the wrinkled curved tube is more than 10 cm, and the width is about 8 cm. The outside of the corolla is cream-colored, and the inside is covered with a network of red-brown veins. The variety blooms in July and pleases with unusual corollas until September.

Reproduction

Although Kirkazon is absolutely easy to care for, its reproduction requires effort. Kirkazon is propagated by seed and vegetative methods (layering, cuttings, dividing the bush). The most convenient method for an amateur gardener is the method of rooting layering. It is enough to dig a part of the vine into the ground and press it down. In this case, the surface of the bark must be slightly scratched. Roots are guaranteed to form, but the process will take a lot of time. Only two-year-old layerings are capable of separation and independent development.

In the southern regions, the method of rooting cuttings is effectively used. In the spring, before the buds open, the shoots are cut off and rooted in open ground. Autumn cuttings are also practiced. It is recommended to treat the lower cut with Kornevin. Rooting is done in wet sand or loose nutritious soil. It needs to be moisturized regularly. For the first month, the cuttings are kept under a transparent cap and covered especially carefully for the winter. The soil is mulched with a thick layer of peat. Next spring, you can transplant young kirkazons to a permanent place.

Some types of vines form many basal shoots. In the spring they can be dug up and replanted separately. Caring for root shoots is no different.

To grow kirkazon from seeds, sowing is done in the fall in open ground. Fresh, mature seeds are distributed into holes up to 3 cm deep. They are sprinkled with soil and mulched with compost. Shoots appear in April-May; in the first year the plant grows only 20-50 cm, but the rhizome actively develops. Transplantation of seedlings to a permanent place is planned at the age of 2-3 years.

Planting a plant

Kirkazon seedlings prefer loose, fertile soils. On depleted or heavy soils, dig a deeper hole (50-60 cm). A drainage layer is laid at the bottom, and the free space is filled with compost, humus, sand, peat and turf soil. Kirkazon does not develop well on acidic soils, so softwood lumber cannot be used for loosening. For the same reason, compost is made from waste from broad-leaved trees.

It is important to maintain distance between plants. Since Kirkazon very actively forms shoots, the distance between seedlings should be at least 0.8-1 m. In order for the vine to better tolerate the procedure, when transplanting, the roots are shortened by 20-30%.

Rules of care

Aristolochia prefers open areas without drafts. Plants develop best in partial shade. In direct sunlight, they bloom worse, and the leaves more often lose turgor. It is recommended to plant Kirkazon near water bodies and along river banks. The plant loves water and high humidity. When watering, water is poured both into the soil and onto the crown. In conditions of high humidity, the bush develops better. Periodic bathing and sprinkling will only benefit the plant.

You can get rid of weeds by weeding and loosening the soil. This way you can destroy the crust after watering and facilitate the penetration of air to the roots. You don’t need to put in a lot of effort; just loosen the top 5-8 cm of soil.

In the summer, once a month, Kirkazon is fed with organic fertilizers. The solution is applied to the soil at the roots, and then a portion of clean water is poured. This way the fertilizers will not burn the shoots.

In spring and summer, the daily growth of shoots reaches 25 cm, so the vines will have to be pruned regularly. In early spring, dried shoots and excess shoots are removed, otherwise the support may not be able to cope with the heavy weight. Before wintering, heat-loving and young kirkazons need careful shelter. The soil is covered with fallen leaves and spruce branches. The plant is completely removed from the support or covered vertically with non-woven material.

Kirkazon in landscape design

A dense vine forms a continuous green cascade, under which any unsightly outbuilding or fence is hidden. Using Kirkazon with large leaves, they create arches, corridors, and also decorate gazebos. The plant is able to form dense shade in which you can spend time pleasantly on a hot day. Kirkazon lives for at least 30 years, gradually increasing in size, decorating the area and purifying the air near the house.

Medicinal properties

All parts of kirkazon, and especially the leaves and shoots, are rich in acids, resins and essential oils. Preparations based on the plant have anti-inflammatory, diaphoretic, disinfecting, analgesic and wound-healing properties. In folk medicine, decoctions and infusions with kirkazon are used to lower blood pressure, improve kidney function, and fight infectious diseases. Compresses with plant juice help cope with boils, itchy skin, heal purulent wounds and alleviate mastitis.

Despite all its positive properties, Kirkazone can be dangerous. Overdose or unreasonable regular use leads to the formation of a tumor in the kidneys and the development of liver failure. Severe allergies may occur as a result of contact with the plant. For these reasons, treatment with kirkazone is practiced only after detailed consultation with a doctor.

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Due to its medicinal properties, the herb kirkazon is considered a cure for all diseases. It is widely used in Chinese traditional medicine - it increases immunity and improves metabolism. But you need to take extracts of this plant with caution. It is poisonous, so it is better to take it as recommended by a doctor. The medicinal properties of the plant were known back in Ancient Greece. Descriptions, photos and recipes for use can be found in medicinal reference books. Even in harsh climatic conditions, planting and care will be successful.

Kirkazon: medicinal properties and contraindications

The aerial part and root are considered medicinal raw materials. In folk medicine, tinctures, decoctions, and infusions are prepared from them. In raw crushed form, it is used externally.

The chemical composition of the plant includes the following medicinal properties and components:

Aristolochic acids;
essential oil;
saponins;
tannins and bitter substances;
phenolic acids;
esters, glycosides, lactones.

To treat fungal infections, compresses and lotions are made from ordinary Kirkazon. It is also used to treat eczema, boils, and abscesses. The plant helps get rid of “female” diseases. Douching with Kirkazone reviews helps with fibroma. The serpentine variety is used as an antidote for snake bites.

Medicinal properties

The plant contains aristocholine, a substance that dilates blood vessels and increases the amplitude of heart contractions. Despite its beneficial medicinal properties, scientists have found that it can cause great harm to the body. Mutagenic and carcinogenic effects can cause the development of Balkan nephropathy. External lotions help with mastitis, infusion - with scabies, smoke from smoldering seeds - with epilepsy.

The herb kirkazon has found application in the treatment of such diseases:

• gout;
• dropsy;
• cystitis;
• varicose veins;
• angina;
• tuberculosis;
• hypertension;
• flu;
• thrombophlebitis;
• angina.

Contraindications

An overdose will lead to destruction of the gastrointestinal mucosa. It is strictly prohibited to use by children, pregnant women, people with gastritis, kidney and liver diseases. Contact with the plant may cause burns. In comparison, they are similar to chemical grades I-II.

Types of Kirkazon

It grows near rivers, along seashores, in ravines. If it grows in gardens and vegetable gardens, it is perceived as a weed. Photos of what Kirkazon looks like can be found on the Internet.

In addition to the usual, the following types are common:

• round;
• clematis;
• long;
• Manchurian;
• large-leaved;
• fluffy.

The weed grows in bushy pastures. So, it does not require planting or special care. You can destroy it from the garden using herbicides.

Methods of propagation of Kirkazon:

• seeds;
• shoots;
• cuttings

Cultivation is specific in many ways, and this is what distinguishes the grass from other garden climbers. When landing, it is better to keep your distance. The distance between plants should be up to 1 m. Resistant to pests, but problems with aphids and spider mites may occur. Young cuttings need to be covered for the winter. After 2-3 years, this need disappears.

Manchurian

Medicinal properties of Manchurian kirkazon:

• antipyretic;
• diuretic;
• pain reliever;
• lactation;
• soothing;
• cardiotonic.

The Manchurian species has also found its application in gynecology. Has a beneficial effect on the female reproductive system. According to reviews from women, it is prescribed for benign tumors in the uterus. Dentists use it for stomatitis. An indispensable assistant for nursing mothers. Normalizes lactation and the functioning of the mammary glands. Homeopaths use it as a prophylactic against mastitis.

Manchurian Kirkazon - photo

In gardening it is used as an ornamental flowering plant. When planting, you need to choose a shady place protected from the winds. The main rule of caring for vines is to avoid stagnant water. In the Moscow region the stem grows up to 7 m, in its homeland (China, Balkans, Korea, Primorsky Territory) - up to 15 m.

Clematis

Kirkazon clematis and hops are an excellent option for vertical gardening. Photos of landscape design are available online and in periodicals. Before planting, the roots of the clematis vine are slightly trimmed. Needs regular watering. In summer, it is advisable to spray the leaves. Aristolochia will bloom only 5 years after planting. The use of the plant in folk medicine has a beneficial effect on heart function and kidney function.

Ordinary

Liana Kirkazon photo helps the body adapt to climate change. Herbal preparations help with constipation and chronic colitis. The fruits of the common ficus contain a lot of carotene. The alkaloid aristoloquine reduces the tone and strength of uterine contractions.

large-leaved

Large-leaved kirkazon is a vine up to 12 m high. In the photo, the leaves are large, light green, up to 30 cm in diameter. In ornamental gardening, they are used to create green tunnels and roofs, and decorate balconies and terraces. Loves moisture. To simplify care and solve the issue of maintaining moisture, it is better to plant grass near bodies of water, in lowlands. It is recommended to install a support before planting. Care is the same as for other species.

Kirkazon clematis or common is a perennial plant, a liana. It belongs to the Kirkazonov family. This vine has creeping roots, a bare straight stem, and round leaves of light green color, as in the photo.

This vine blooms yellow, usually in early summer. The leaves of this plant have a not very pleasant smell. Kirkazon loves moisture very much, so it prefers to be located near ponds, swamps, or simply on soils with high humidity.

Kirkazon vulgaris originally comes from European countries. The plant is quite valuable in medicine.

Avicenna also suggested using this vine to treat certain types of ulcers. Sometimes this clematis can also be found in Asia and North America. Wild relatives of these plants can sometimes also grow in Belarus, the Caucasus, and Russia.

In medicine, plants of a poisonous nature are often used in a certain way, and clematis is no exception.

Chemical components

The roots of this vine contain healing substances such as alkaloids, aristolochic acid, bitter and tannic substances, and essential oils. The composition also contains carotene and organic acids.

Benefits for humans

All these substances can be used to cure various diseases. For example:

• Aristolochic acid is able to increase the number and amplitude of contractions of the heart muscles. This substance can stimulate the human respiratory system, as well as have a diuretic effect and help strengthen the vascular system.
• Herbal preparations are also produced from Kirkazon; they have an excellent effect on protozoa and various types of bacteria.
• Kirkazon vulgaris is widely used in folk treatment. It is used for gout, edema, diseases of the respiratory system, and chronic physical and psychological fatigue.
• Preparations that are based on this plant are used if a person has been bitten by a poisonous snake.
• If a person is sick with dermatomycosis, pyoderma, furunculosis, mastitis, or skin itching, then compresses based on this plant can be prescribed.
• If a person is sick with scabies, then an alcohol-based tincture is prepared from Kirkazon.
• Folk treatment advises epileptics to inhale the smoke from the seeds of burnt kirkazon.

Is it safe?

For the sake of fairness, it must be said that traditional medicine has recognized Aristolochic acid as a poison that negatively affects capillaries. The resulting accumulation of this substance can lead to hemorrhagic nephritis. It is for this reason that in Russia, medicines containing this clematis kirkazon were banned.

Are there any contraindications for use?

Even traditional medicine says that the use of medicine based on this plant is contraindicated in the following cases:

• It is dangerous, and therefore prohibited, to treat children with this plant. It is difficult for them to calculate the dosage. In addition, a child’s immune strength is much lower than that of an adult.
• Pregnant women should not use medications based on this plant.
• Contraindications are chronic and acute diseases of the digestive system.
• The plant should not be used if the kidneys or liver are diseased: these organs must thoroughly cleanse the body of poison.

It is very dangerous to independently calculate the dosage of this plant; you may not guess correctly. This task must be entrusted to a good specialist.

This is a poisonous plant. Even a slight excess of the dose can lead to destructive processes in the mucous membrane of the stomach and the entire gastrointestinal tract. Extreme caution should be exercised not only when taking the medicine orally. Exceeding the dose of poison in compresses can lead to burns. These can be first- and second-degree burns, so treatment with this vine can only be carried out under the supervision of an experienced medical specialist.