What do pimples come from? Types of acne. Homemade mask for acne and blackheads

From this article you will learn:

acne on the face: what do they mean for health,
how to get rid of acne - advice from a dermatologist,
what is the best remedy for acne on the face for teenagers, women, and different skin types.

Pimples are inflammatory formations that occur at the site of hair follicles. Pimples are a logical continuation of the development of acne on the face, when bacteria join the latter, i.e. they become infected.

There are two main types of acne: papules and pustules..

Papules (Fig. 1-3) –
A papule is an inflammatory formation in the form of a red bump on the skin, inside of which there is no cavity with pus. Papules can be independent formations and, persisting for up to 2 months, can then disappear without a trace. However, most often papules turn into pustules.

Pustules (Fig. 4-6) –
A pustule is a classic vulgar pimple that rises above the surface of the skin, inside which there is a blister of pus.

If we talk about the face, acne most often appears on the cheeks. Pimples on the chin and pimples on the forehead occur less frequently. Some people experience pimples in the hair on their scalp.

How do acne form?

Pimples are the next stage in the development of acne. Almost all people have acne: they look like white bumps on the surface of the skin or black heads located in the skin pores (Fig. 7-8). Acne consists of sebum and exfoliated skin cells. Acne is located at the surface of the skin, and deep in the skin pores there are hair follicles and associated sebaceous glands (Diagram 10a, b).

Blackheads act as plugs that prevent sebum from being released onto the surface of the skin through its pores. As a result of the appearance of plugs, a closed space is formed inside the hair follicle, where sebum accumulates and the bacteria that get there begin to actively multiply, causing inflammation and the formation of pus. This is how blackheads turn into pimples.

Acne on the face: causes of appearance

So, why do acne appear on the face, and why do acne first form in the skin pores, and then pimples in their place? What do acne on the face mean for the body and what processes are they associated with? The appearance of acne with two main processes:

Strengthening the function of the sebaceous glands around the hair follicles –
As a result, the volume of sebum increases, which is formed by the sebaceous glands and brought to the surface of the skin. This usually happens during puberty against the background of hormonal changes - increased production of androgens (in both young people and girls).
Increase in the number of desquamated cells in the lumen of the follicle –
Hair follicles are covered from the inside with a layer of epithelial cells. Gradually, the cells die and are replaced by new ones. However, with keratosis of the epithelium (i.e., when the process of keratinization of epithelial cells is disrupted), there is a sharp increase in the number of desquamated epithelial cells in the lumen of the hair follicle.

An increase in sebum production and the number of desquamated cells leads to the formation of plugs (blackheads). At the same time, the sebaceous glands still secrete sebum, but which can no longer reach the surface of the skin (Diagram 10b). Therefore, sebum accumulates in the lumen of the hair follicle, thereby stretching its walls. Sebum and confined space conditions are excellent conditions for the growth of bacteria. As a result, either a papule or a pustule develops in the space limited by the walls of the hair follicle.

What factors aggravate the appearance of acne -

Increased hormone production in adolescents and keratoses of the epithelium of the hair follicles are not the only factors that can affect the development of acne. The reasons for the appearance of acne on the face may lie in the details. Acne development is promoted by:

Use of oily cosmetics –
Some cosmetics and skin care products, as well as sebum secreted by the sebaceous glands, can clog skin pores. This will be the case in cases where such products are made on a fat basis. Any cosmetics for you should be water-based only.

Birth control pills and hormonal changes –
Some birth control pills cause acne. This is typical for drugs containing pure progesterone. Also, during the premenstrual period, hormonal levels change, and therefore you can regularly observe the worsening of your acne once a month.

Medicines –
The following drugs can stimulate the appearance of acne: prednisolone, steroid hormones, drugs with lithium, anticonvulsants, iodides, bromides.

Active sweating –
many people sweat frequently. This may be due to increased physical activity, stress, simply due to physiology or working conditions. Keep in mind that excessive sweating also contributes to acne. Therefore, such people need to take even more careful care of their skin.

Remedies for acne on the face -

How to remove acne from the face quickly and without complications? The most difficult thing here is to choose the right drug or combination of drugs and choose treatment regimens. Only a dermatologist (sometimes a cosmetologist) can professionally treat acne on the face. Unfortunately, in most cases, people turn to a specialist late for advice, and this leads to complications - the appearance of superficial scars and age spots that form during the healing of deep acne and cysts.

Acne treatment will not be the same in the following situations:

when you have both acne and pimples,
when there are only acne,
with cystic acne (i.e. when there are large purulent cavities).

How to quickly get rid of acne: a diagram compiled by a dermatologist

Below we will look at all the types of drugs that are listed in this scheme.

1. Benzoyl peroxide –

This is the best acne remedy. One might say – the gold standard of therapy. Benzoyl peroxide is a germicidal ingredient that kills bacteria that cause pus to form inside hair follicles. In addition, benzoyl peroxide has a slight exfoliating effect, which will also help unclog pores.

Benzoyl peroxide can be in gels, lotions or creams, with a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, 10%. It is optimal to use a concentration of 2.5% for the first month, and subsequently use 5% products. For dry skin, cream forms are more suitable, for oily skin - in the form of gels. Lotions are suitable for any skin.

Monocomponent benzoyl peroxide preparations –
very high-quality products made in the USA: “Persa-gel 10”, Proactiv, Desquam, Proderm-cream, in addition there are cool products under the brands Neutrogena and Mary Kay. French production - Eclaran-cream, . And also Benzakne-gel (Poland), Benzoyl Peroxide Gel (India), Oxygel (India).

Combination benzoyl peroxide preparations –
There are drugs where benzoyl peroxide is combined with an antibiotic or retinoid. Examples of combination drugs:

They are used in the following situations –
1) If you only have acne (without blackheads), and you have undergone a course of treatment with a drug containing pure benzoyl peroxide, but the effect was not sufficient. In this case, you need the drug “benzoyl peroxide + antibiotic”.
2) If you have a mixed form of the disease (acne + pimples) or cystic acne, you need the drug “benzoyl peroxide + retinoid”.

Application diagram –
The drug is applied 1-2 times a day only to areas of skin prone to inflammation. Before each treatment, cleanse your face only with mild cleansers (such as Dove or Neutrogena). The effect of the drug will be noticeable within 5-6 days. But for that. to achieve lasting improvement, you will need to complete a full 6-week course of treatment.

Possible side effects –
Please be aware that itching, burning sensation, dryness, tightness, redness or flaking of the skin may occur after use. But usually these effects are not pronounced, and after use they disappear immediately. If you use the drug during active sunny periods, be sure to use sunscreen, because Benzoyl peroxide makes facial skin more sensitive to sunlight.

2. Retinoids –

How to treat facial acne with retinoids -
the drug with a retinoid should be used once a day before bedtime. The full course of treatment will take at least 3 months, but noticeable results will be visible after 6-7 weeks. To get your skin used to it and not be too irritated, start using the drug 3 times a week. After 1-2 weeks, switch to daily use. Before applying a retinoid, you should wash your face with a mild cleanser. The release forms of retinoids in the form of lotions will be the most effective, in the form of creams - the least.

3. Antibacterial drugs –

How to cure acne on the face with antibiotics? In most cases, antibiotics for acne are prescribed only topically (in gels and creams). The use of antibiotics in the form of ointments is strictly prohibited, because the fatty components of ointments will clog pores and worsen acne.

Antibacterial creams and gels –
To treat acne, they are made on the basis of clindamycin or erythromycin. Gels containing a pure antibiotic can be prescribed specifically for acne (when there is no acne and without the presence of cystic acne). Examples of monocomponent gels with the antibiotic clindamycin:
→ Dalatsin (Fig. 18), Klindovit, Klindatop, etc.
There are also combination gels, where the antibiotic is combined with retinoids, benzoyl peroxide or zinc:
→ Duak-gel (clindamycin + benzoyl peroxide),
→ (erythromycin + retinoid Isotretinoin),
→ Deriva-S, Klenzit-S (clindamycin + retinoid Adapalene),
→ (erythromycin + zinc).
A combined antibiotic gel with a retinoid is best used for mixed acne + pimples, as well as for cystic acne. And gels containing an antibiotic with benzoyl peroxide are best used for acne (without acne), if the initial therapy with monocomponent benzoyl peroxide preparations was ineffective.

Tablet oral antibiotics –
Antibiotic tablets are prescribed immediately (as basic therapy) only for cystic acne. For forms of “acne + pimples” and only for acne, oral antibiotics are prescribed only when the use of basic drugs has not been successful.

4. Azelaic acid –

When to Avoid Birth Control Pills –

presence of heart disease, hypertension, thrombophlebitis,
for bleeding disorders,
oncological diseases (breast, uterine, liver cancer),
liver diseases, diabetes mellitus,
frequent headaches, migraines,
if you are a smoker over 35 years old,
if you are currently pregnant or breastfeeding,
for obesity.

It is also worth knowing that if you are currently using pills containing only progesterone for contraception, then you may not be surprised why there are acne on your face. Pure progesterone stimulates the development of acne.

Androgen blockers –
What causes acne in girls during adolescence is due to an increase in the level of androgens in the blood, which stimulate the production of sebum by the sebaceous glands. You can reduce sebum production with the help of the drug Spironolactone, which blocks androgen receptors.

This drug may be considered for use in women and adolescent girls with acne that is resistant to conventional treatment when even antibiotics do not help. Possible side effects: breast tenderness, menstrual irregularities, increased potassium levels in the blood.

We hope that our article on the topic: How to quickly get rid of acne was useful to you!

Excess sebum leads to acne appearing on the face. Both teenagers and adults suffer from this unpleasant phenomenon. However, it is important to understand that not all of them are the same, which is why acne treatment has a different focus. This is what this article will be devoted to.

Subcutaneous (internal, painful) acne on the face

A pimple under the skin on the face not only spoils the appearance, especially for the fair sex, but also causes unpleasant painful sensations when touched. How to get rid of subcutaneous pimple on the face? Before this, you need to understand exactly the reason for its occurrence.

Causes

Subcutaneous acne is a painful formation on the skin that has various causes for its appearance. These include:

increased sebum secretion;
improper facial care, which provokes blockage of the sebaceous glands with particles of skin, dirt, and cosmetics;
hair follicles grow quite quickly;
when the ducts of the sebaceous glands become a beneficial environment for the development of bacterial microflora;
hormonal imbalances in the body that are associated with adolescence (adolescence), before menstruation;
provocateur - subcutaneous mites;
use of low-quality, expired cosmetics.

Symptoms

Sick acne on the face has the following symptoms:

when inflammation occurs under the skin, a red bump appears on the face;
You may not feel this formation for some time;
over time, when touching the tubercle, unpleasant painful sensations are noted;
If the pus at the site of the pimple grows, the tubercle increases in volume.

The entire process takes from 2 to 3 weeks. When the development of the pimple comes to an end, the painful sensations disappear. However, an additional white head appears in place of the tubercle.

Treatment

Internal acne on the face requires certain care and treatment. There are ways to deal with subcutaneous acne. To do this you should:

monitor your diet, completely or temporarily eliminating spicy, smoked and fatty foods that provoke the activity of the sebaceous glands;
treating an already formed pimple with antiseptics;
do not use cosmetics and preparations that tend to clog pores on the face;
visit a doctor who will prescribe treatment specifically for this type of formation;
at home you can use drugs that draw out pus, for example, Vishnevsky ointment, Levomekol, in the absence of contraindications, aloe leaf, salt lotions, alcohol tinctures of propolis, etc.

However, a doctor will be able to tell you more about how to remove subcutaneous acne on the face after diagnosis. And in some cases, tests may be necessary.

Blackheads (open comedones) on the face

Comedones on the face can look like blackheads. If you pay attention, many people, regardless of gender, have such formations on their faces. The whole thing is again connected mainly with the improper functioning of the sebaceous glands.

Oil and skin cells accumulate on the surface of the papa (in the pores of the skin). It is a mistake to think that there is dirt in the pores. This color of the blockage results from the fact that sebum comes into contact with air.

Causes

What causes a “black dot” to appear on the face - there are reasons for this:

perhaps the use of cosmetics that clog pores, for example, based on oils;
polluted environment and high air humidity;
frequent use of soap, which dries out the skin, as well as other similar cleansers;
hormonal imbalances in the body;
improper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Their most common locations are the nose, chin and forehead. Sometimes they can also be found on the cheeks

Symptoms

Oily skin is most often prone to blackheads. The first warning sign of the appearance of dark spots is the presence of enlarged pores on the face. If you don't clean them, they start to clog. They are very easy to notice on the face.

Treatment

The basic rule that will help in the treatment of black comedones is thorough and daily cleansing of the face. If unpleasant formations have already appeared on the skin, then you can try:

professional facial cleansing from a cosmetologist: ultrasonic, mechanical (manual), chemical (peeling);
home care products: facial washes, special masks, creams and ointments, scrubs, peelings, lotions and tonics, which are sold in cosmetic stores;
folk remedies, for example, masks made from various products (eggs, gelatin, soda, kefir, fruits;
medications from the pharmacy (Baziron, Dimexide, Zinerit, etc.).

White pimples (closed comedones) on the face

Closed comedones are small pimples on the face that tend to appear more than once. They usually appear on the forehead, nose, cheeks, chin, and above the upper lip in large numbers and are tubercles from 1 to 2 mm (rarely up to 5 mm). Comedones of this type differ from others in that they are not externally visible in open pores.

Causes

Small white pimples, if not touched (scratched, squeezed, etc.) do not cause discomfort. But they spoil the appearance, as they make the skin of the face uneven and rough. Closed white comedones have the following causes:

changes in hormonal levels, for example, in adolescence, during pregnancy, with irregular sex life, the use of various medications, for example, contraceptives;
lack of proper skin care: irregular cleaning, use of cosmetics that are unsuitable for your skin type, etc.;
depression, stress, nervous breakdowns;
eating disorder: eating large amounts of sweet, fatty, spicy, starchy foods, etc.;
presence of bad habits – alcohol, smoking, drugs;
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
genetic predisposition, heredity.

Symptoms

An internal pimple in the form of a closed white comedon appears painlessly. The whole cycle of its life also proceeds, but in the event that it is not squeezed out independently, combed, pierced, that is, not influenced by the wrong methods. Otherwise, whiteheads may begin to become red and inflamed.

Treatment

White pimples (closed comedones) are treated as follows:

use of medications - Zinerit, Skinoren, Ichthyol or Zinc ointments, salicylic acid;
steaming over a hot bath with various herbs followed by peeling the face with abrasive particles;
professional chemical or mechanical peelings, other cosmetic procedures;
manual or instrumental removal by a cosmetologist of already inflamed, festered white comedones;
various cleanings: vacuum, laser, ultrasonic, etc.

How to get rid of small pimples using traditional methods? As mentioned above, you can steam your face by adding herbs to the decoction, for example, St. John's wort, chamomile, and celandine. This way, not only will the pores open, but it will also be disinfected.

Acne (pimples) on the face

Facial acne plagues a large number of people. Most often, this is adolescence from 14 to 17 years for girls and boys. A large amount of inflammation appears on the face in the form of pink formations and black dots.

Causes

What causes pimples (acne) on the face - the reasons are as follows:

hormonal changes due to puberty;
improper facial skin care, which provokes inflammation;
hormonal imbalances in adults, for example, during treatment with medications;
excess skin greasiness;
hereditary predisposition;
drinking alcohol, smoking.

Symptoms

Symptoms of acne become obvious after inflammation appears on the skin, which may look like this:

blackheads (comedones);
whiteheads;
papules;
pustules (pustules);
nodules;
cysts.

Treatment

How to get rid of acne on the face? There are several methods that should definitely help. These include:

do not touch your face frequently so as not to further contaminate the skin;
do not wash your face frequently with soap;
wash with warm water and special cleansers in the morning and evening;
wash off makeup from the face well;
use decorative cosmetics to a minimum;
Do not squeeze out pimples yourself;
using creams and gels with benzoyl peroxide at home;
pimples can only be squeezed out by professionals who use special devices and tools for this;
undergo chemical peelings from a cosmetologist;
use of medications: local and oral antibiotics, various ointments, creams, lotions.

Red pimples on the face

Adults and teenagers may develop unsightly red pimples on their faces. This is one of the most common manifestations of acne, especially in women. The papules are small in size, but cover the skin on the face abundantly.

Causes

To properly treat red pimples, you need to know the causes of their occurrence:

disturbances in the functioning of the stomach and the entire tract;
eating large amounts of fatty foods, as well as spicy, smoked and sweet foods;
frequent drinking of alcohol, smoking;
emotional states such as stress, depression, nervous disorders;
inappropriate skin care or lack thereof;
hormonal imbalances of various origins.

Symptoms

Due to excess sebum, pores begin to become clogged. This causes bacteria to multiply in this area, which causes redness on the facial skin. The appearance of acne is not accompanied by itching.

If one is observed, then this is acne - these are symptoms of another, possibly quite serious disease. To do this, you will need to go to the doctor and get tested.

Treatment

The fastest, most effective, but most expensive remedy is to visit a professional, highly qualified cosmetologist. At the same time, during inflammation on the face, you should not apply a thick layer of cosmetics, which will not allow the acne to heal quickly.

The following methods can be used:

the use of drying gels, creams, ointments, for example, based on zinc or salicylic acid;
use of clay masks;
lotions made from calendula decoction;
soda, potato lotions;
applying a piece of aloe to the inflammation.

If the pimple hurts very badly, then you should consult a doctor to rule out severe inflammation.

Purulent acne on the face

In any case, purulent acne needs treatment. This is an inflammatory disease that should not be left to chance. Purulent pimples spoil the appearance and cause discomfort for a person.

Causes

If acne on the face that has an abscess does not go away, then you definitely need to know the reasons for its appearance. These include:

sweat and sebaceous glands work actively, thereby clogging the pores and causing inflammation;
the stratum corneum on the skin of the face forms quickly, the scales do not have time to die off and clog the pores;
taking antibiotics that cause malfunction of the body;
gastrointestinal diseases;
bad habits;
poor nutrition;
poor skin care, use of low-quality cosmetics;
stressful conditions;
avitaminosis.

Symptoms

As soon as bacteria enter the clogged pores, they begin to multiply and cause inflammation, which manifests itself in the appearance of a purulent pimple on the surface of the skin. Touching him is painful and unpleasant.

Treatment

Many people are interested in how to remove acne inflammation on the face. This will require a trip to the pharmacy. The most inexpensive remedy that draws out pus is Vishnevsky ointment. Various ointments will relieve inflammation and dry out the pimple:

zinc;
salicylic;
synthomycin;
ichthyol, etc.

At home, you can make peeling from lemon juice, sugar and kefir. And for washing you can use tar soap.

Small pimples on the face

Small pimples on the face can have different external manifestations:

white formations (milia, comedones);
red pimples or papules, which can be inflamed or non-inflamed.

Causes

The appearance of small acne on the face is caused by various disorders in the functioning of the human body:

Small pimples appear on the face quite suddenly and their number is not single. The forehead is most often affected, as well as the cheeks and chin. As mentioned above, pimples can be white or red, painful or painless

Treatment

You can contact a dermatologist or cosmetologist who will prescribe medications, select the right care, and carry out the necessary procedures, for example, facial cleansing (chemical, ultrasound, etc.).

For a complete picture, you can contact an allergist, gastroenterologist, gynecologist and endocrinologist.

External manifestations are treated with pharmaceutical ointments that relieve inflammation and dry out. At home, you can take steam baths, wipe the skin with aloe and calendula tincture.

Large pimples on the face

A large pimple on the face is an unpleasant and painful phenomenon. It is very important to know the causes of their occurrence in order to choose the right treatment.

Causes

There are the following reasons:

severe blockage of pores;
hypothermia;
severe squeezing of the skin when blood begins to flow poorly;
occurrence due to allergies;
hormonal disorders;
overdried skin.

Symptoms

Most often, acne is subcutaneous and painful. They climb singly and do not spill out all over your face. At first, slight redness occurs, and then severe inflammation develops over 2-5 days. A visit to a doctor is recommended to determine the correct treatment.

Treatment

A doctor can help you get rid of internal acne. Self-medication may not lead to the desired result. Antibiotics are the most popular prescribed drug.

Self-removal of large pimples is prohibited, as it can cause additional inflammation. It can only be removed through professional surgery.

The use of vitamins, being in the fresh air, and proper skin care are recommended.

Milia (milia) on the face

Milia on the face occur due to blockage of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles by skin particles. Millet looks sloppy and spoils the appearance of spring. However, there is no inflammatory process. The size of the formations is from 2 to 3 mm. Millet on the face is localized in the following areas: cheeks, eyes, temples. They rarely appear on the nose.

Causes

The provoking factors of millet are:

using cosmetics that clog pores every day;
sebum, which is secreted in excess;
improper functioning of the liver and gastrointestinal tract;
frequent visits to the solarium and excessive sun exposure;
puberty (hormonal changes);
alcohol, smoking and other bad habits;
poor facial skin care.

Treatment

There are remedies for white pimples on the face. However, removing milia yourself by squeezing is prohibited!

The following treatment methods are used:

mechanical removal by professionals;
hardware procedures from a cosmetologist;
the use of traditional medicine recipes, mainly masks.

Inflamed acne on the face

This type of acne looks like redness with a tubercle that has an abscess inside.

Causes

Bacteria and microbes that feed on subcutaneous fat cause inflammation on the facial skin. Most often, these are staphylococcus bacteria, which are found in very small quantities in the body of every person. However, under certain conditions they reproduce in greater numbers.

Symptoms

On human skin they can appear as papules (“nodules”) and pustules.

Treatment

Depending on the type, papules and pustules are treated slightly differently. Iodine can be applied pointwise to papules up to three times a day. You can also choose pharmaceutical drugs: Baziron, Zinerit, Differin, etc.).

Pustules are treated in a similar way until they reach a more severe stage. If this happens, then after the tests the doctor prescribes medications to be taken orally in the form of tablets.

Cold pimples on the face

With colds, painful acne may appear on the skin on the face. A distinctive feature is that they appear against the background of the disease during the cold season. They are quite painful, large and take a long time to mature.

Causes

Subcutaneous acne of this type has its own causes. They are:

ARVI, acute respiratory infections, bronchitis, influenza, sore throat and other colds;
vitamin deficiency, when the body lacks useful and nutritious substances;
external factors in the form of drafts, cold indoors, air conditioning.

Symptoms

They appear more often on the forehead, chin, lips and nose. Appears in the form of a tubercle with redness. When you touch it, you feel tightness and pain.

Treatment

If cold acne appears, then you need to do the following:

treat the surface of the pimple with antiseptic agents;
use Vishnevsky’s ointment, which draws out pus, etc.;
apply ichthyol ointment;
Levomekol, Syntomycin ointment, Baziron AS will help well.

Steaming, squeezing, or applying wet compresses is prohibited.

Pimples on the face before menstruation

Before menstruation, acne on the face is a common occurrence for women and girls, especially in adolescence. However, this phenomenon can also haunt adult women.

Causes

Why do acne appear before menstruation? Red pimples before menstruation occur for the following reasons:

natural physiological processes that inevitably occur in a woman’s body - hormonal changes;
active secretion of sebum during this period, when the sebaceous glands become blocked.

Symptoms

In the few days before menstruation, redness and rashes appear on the skin.

Treatment

If this phenomenon occurs constantly, then girls and women should use the most reliable method of treatment - this is prevention in the form of constant facial skin care with various cosmetics (gels, scrubs, lotions, masks) and folk methods (rubbing with a decoction of herbs, masks from various products and etc.).

Hormonal acne on the face

Hormonal acne occurs in adolescents, young adults, and adults. They are inflammatory in nature and require correct diagnosis for proper treatment.

Causes

They can occur due to external factors (exogenous acne), as well as due to improper functioning of the body (endogenous). Common reasons are:

hormonal surges against the background of future periods;
additional intake of hormonal drugs;
poor nutrition, including on the eve of menstruation;
depressed state of the immune system;
heredity.

Symptoms

Inflammations occur only before menstruation, while taking medications, and are cured quite quickly after their cause is eliminated.

Treatment

The doctor may prescribe various medications orally, as well as various ointments and creams externally.

Establishing nutrition and caring for your facial skin with properly selected cosmetics will also help. Good sleep, an established daily routine, and giving up bad habits and low-quality cosmetics are also important.

Dry acne on the face

Dry pimples do not contain purulent formation inside. They can be easily removed from the surface of the facial skin. However, treatment must still take place.

Causes

Too dry skin, like oily skin, is also prone to acne. This happens due to the blockage of pores with dead particles of the epidermis. In addition, dry pimples appear for the following reasons:

allergies due to consumption of certain foods;
stressful and other strong emotional states;
hormonal imbalance;
problems in the field of endocrinology;
gynecological diseases;
gastrointestinal diseases.

Symptoms

A doctor can make an accurate diagnosis. The formations on the face are hard, but completely painless. In appearance, they are not clearly visible on the face, but still require treatment. They appear more often on the forehead.

Treatment

First, you should choose the right cosmetics and care products - masks, scrubs, peelings with a non-greasy consistency. The main thing is to apply them with clean hands and eliminate the allergic component in their composition.

Nutrition matters too. It is worth excluding sweet, spicy and fatty drinks, as well as carbonated drinks.

Among the folk remedies, masks made from chamomile with cottage cheese, milk and honey, with linseed oil, etc. work well.

Allergic acne on the face

Allergic acne is not only an inflammatory phenomenon that makes the appearance unattractive, but the redness is itchy and itchy.

Causes

The main reason is the entry of an allergen into the body. The factors are:

stressful conditions;
external irritants, for example, animal fur, pollen, etc.;
allergies due to taking pills and other medications;
reaction to the sun;
insect bites;
allergic reaction to food;
reaction to cosmetics;
heredity.

Symptoms

Papules, pustules and blisters may form on the skin. They can be diagnosed as allergic based on accompanying factors:

the appearance of swelling on the skin;
difficulty breathing and sneezing;
the appearance of lacrimation;
frequent sneezing;
there is a burning sensation of the skin, itching and peeling, etc.

Treatment

Allergies are treated with medicinal antihistamines. Severe cases may require antibiotics. Various ointments, creams and lotions selected by a medical professional are used externally.

Watery pimples on the face

Watery formations are also a type of acne on the face. They may appear as small bubbles or as blisters. They are a tubercle that seems to have no cavity inside and is filled with liquid. The pain manifests itself individually.

Causes

They appear for a variety of reasons:

insect bites;
contact dermatitis;
hormonal imbalances;
metabolic disorders;
allergies of various origins.

Symptoms

First, the skin appears red to bright red. After 1-2 days, a watery blister appears in its place. If you have an allergy, the blisters may be pink in color with the appearance of a dome within a few hours.

Treatment

For treatment you can use:

pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen-based medications;
external treatment with brilliant green;
taking allergy medications;
wipe externally with cooling gels and lotions to relieve itching.

Acne during menopause on the face

As you know, menopause begins in fairly mature women, who may be surprised to notice that acne appears on their face, like in teenagers.

Causes

The reason for their appearance is hormonal changes in the body. Mature women, unlike teenagers, have much thinner and drier skin. Therefore, acne takes much longer to cure and using slightly different methods.

Acne can be triggered by stress, dehydration, dysbiosis, poor nutrition, exacerbation of chronic diseases, and improper skin care.

Symptoms

The wings, cheeks, forehead and nose are most often affected by the appearance of small rashes on the face. They may flake, itch, and itch.

Treatment

How to treat acne on a woman’s face during menopause? First, you need to visit specialists: a gynecologist, gastroenterologist and dermatologist. You'll have to get tested. Hormonal and non-hormonal drugs for oral administration may be prescribed. Proper external care for aging skin is also necessary.

Acne on the face after ovulation

Many representatives of the fair sex notice that during the period of ovulation, acne often appears locally or extensively. In some cases, they do not have serious health consequences.

Causes

Even careful skin care cannot 100% protect against the appearance of acne after ovulation. The reason lies in the characteristics of the female body, namely, monthly hormonal changes before menstruation. Hormones are to blame - estrogen and progesterone.

Symptoms

Red bumps appear most often on the cheeks, forehead and chin. It is better to visit a gynecologist and dermatologist, who will accurately diagnose the cause of rashes on the face and associate them with ovulation.

Treatment

The following disposal methods are used:

pills that normalize hormonal levels;
special plasters;
in severe cases, injections are prescribed;
External skin care products (cosmetic, folk) are also used.

Bloody pimples on the face

Bloody acne requires special diagnosis and treatment methods. Formations on the skin can be burgundy, bluish and even black. This color occurs when the blood vessels inside the pimple expand, making it appear as if the inside is filled with blood. And if you squeeze it out (which is prohibited), then blood will come out from the burst vessels.

Causes

The causes of this type of acne are:

hormonal changes in the body of adolescents;
improper functioning of the sebaceous glands;
liver dysfunction;
poor personal hygiene;
excess body weight;
poor nutrition;
drinking alcohol, smoking, taking drugs.

However, only a doctor can determine the exact cause of bloody acne, so visiting him is mandatory.

Treatment

Ozone therapy, ultrasonic facial cleansing, chemical and laser facial peels are used.

Pharmacy medications are also prescribed, for example, Zinerit, Klindevit, as well as ichthyol, heparin, and zinc ointments.

The skin can be pre-treated with drying lotions or hydrogen peroxide.

If blood pimples occur against the background of diseases, then this cause must also be treated.

Non-healing acne on the face

There are pimples on the face that, due to various reasons, do not heal for a long time. They not only spoil the appearance, but also create additional discomfort and become painful. This usually concerns purulent acne and severe inflammation of the skin.

Causes

Why acne does not go away - the reasons are:

disruption of the immune system;
serious hormonal imbalances;
constant malnutrition, consumption of low-quality foods;
gastrointestinal diseases;
“female” diseases in the field of gynecology;
seasonal vitamin deficiency;
chronic fatigue;
poor-quality treatment of acne by a cosmetologist or at home, constant squeezing;
reaction to heat and heavy sweating.

Symptoms

Their appearance is quite unattractive. They don't go away for quite some time.

Treatment

How to cleanse your facial skin from acne that does not heal for a very long time? You can use the following tips:

initially consult a dermatologist, who can refer you to other specialists - gynecologist, immunologist, gastroenterologist, etc.;
taking medications orally as prescribed by a medical professional;
external proper care with cosmetics at home (creams, ointments, lotions, tonics, masks, etc.);
the use of folk remedies using calendula, chamomile, aloe;
visiting the procedures of a professional cosmetologist (cleaning, peeling).

As you can see, removing comedones, treating acne, and getting rid of other types of acne can be done using various methods. Most often, internal effects on the body are required, as well as the use of external means of therapy and care. The most important and important thing is to identify the true cause of skin rashes and neoplasms.

But it’s not for nothing that they say: until you understand the causes of the problem, you will reap its consequences. You can’t say more precisely about acne. Doctors confirm: it is impossible to get rid of acne until the cause of its appearance is clear. We talked to a professional and figured out where the hated acne comes from.

Cosmetologist, specialist in hardware techniques at the aesthetic medicine clinic “Premium Aesthetics”

Changes in hormonal levels

Even those with healthy, glowing skin sometimes experience acne. About 70% of women suffer from so-called premenstrual acne. The reason is an increase in steroid hormones in the final phase of the cycle. On the eve of menstruation, even those who are not usually bothered by acne may notice the appearance of 1-2 pimples in the chin area, which is considered normal. Another thing is hormonal acne, which may indicate, for example, a violation of the production of sex hormones, polycystic ovary syndrome, disruption of the adrenal glands or pituitary gland. This problem needs to be treated together with a gynecologist and endocrinologist.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

50% of people with acne suffer from gastritis or dysbiosis, 30% from intestinal diseases. You can understand whether this problem concerns you by studying the “map” of the appearance of acne on your face. If inflammation is most often localized in the forehead area, perhaps the problem is associated with disruption of the small intestine, above the upper lip - the large intestine, in the area between the eyebrows - the liver, on the nose - the duodenum, on the cheekbones and cheeks - the stomach. A gastroenterologist will give you a specific diagnosis.

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Poor nutrition

If your menu contains a lot of simple carbohydrates, few healthy fats and foods containing essential amino acids, then this will certainly affect the skin. An unbalanced diet changes the composition of sebum - it becomes more viscous and dense. As a result, a large number of closed comedones are formed on the skin, which subsequently degenerate into pimples and blackheads. Do you want to have beautiful skin? Then give up “junk” food: fast food, carbonated drinks, industrially produced confectionery. Instead of all this, introduce more vegetables, fish, vegetable oils, nuts and herbs into your diet.

Self-medication

The cosmetics market is oversaturated, and if you believe in a loud advertising slogan, you can run into cosmetics that will further aggravate the problem. For example, it may contain comedogenic substances that provoke the formation of acne. These, in particular, include various oils (mineral, corn, coconut, soybean, peach), as well as lanolin, petroleum jelly, sulfur, sodium lauryl sulfate and others. We strongly recommend that girls with problem skin choose care products together with a specialist! By the way, taking oral contraceptives or antibacterial agents without consulting a doctor can also cause acne. Don't self-medicate!

Improper cleansing

It is important to cleanse problematic skin delicately, but at the same time deeply enough. Products with mandelic and salicylic acid, as well as alpha or beta hydroxy acids, are suitable for this. It is very important to cleanse your skin every evening of concealing decorative cosmetics (foundation, powder, blush, concealer), which have a fairly thick texture. I decided to go to bed “in full dress”; don’t be surprised that you wake up in the morning with pimples and acne.

Excessive cleanliness

Often girls prone to acne suffer from manic desires to constantly cleanse their skin, wash their face, lubricate it with something... This obsession violates the natural protective properties of the skin and only leads to an aggravation of the problem. So, control yourself.

Squeezing pimples

Do you have a desire to squeeze out pimples on your own? Step on the throat of your own song. By independently opening the source of inflammation, even in the most sterile conditions, you contribute to the spread of infection over the surface of the skin. It is not surprising that after such an execution, instead of one pimple, you may get five. By the way, the use of abrasive scrubs and currently fashionable cleansing brushes during acne exacerbation can lead to the same consequences.

Weather

High humidity and hot climates can aggravate acne. All owners of problem skin should know this when planning skin care during the holidays. You should be careful with sunbathing. Moderate exposure to UV rays will only benefit your skin - it will dry the skin and disinfect it. But an excess of sun, on the contrary, can reduce the local immunity of the skin, increase the secretion of sebum, and dry out the upper stratum corneum, which can ultimately aggravate the acne problem. By the way, a similar mechanism is typical not only for tanning on the beach, but also in a solarium.

The appearance of a pimple on the face is always unpleasant. In some cases, this phenomenon can be stopped by knowing your body's reaction to certain allergens and maintaining hygiene. Often, the process occurs spontaneously. Usually the rash is accompanied by itching and even pain. The aesthetic side of the issue is no less troubling. Redness, swelling and possible suppuration clearly spoil the appearance. Especially when acne suddenly appeared on the face. The desire to get rid of them quickly can aggravate the situation. Getting your skin in order is only possible with a careful approach that takes into account identifying the causes and determining the type of pimple.

Acne formation and development

Medicine has long established why acne appears on the face. The main role in the formation of pimples is played by the sebaceous glands, or more precisely, the ducts that carry sebum beyond the dermis. In ideal condition, the process of removing sebum occurs freely, without causing harm to the body. Pollution, changes in the functioning of organs, age, environment - all this can cause blockage of the canal. The pore takes the form of a black dot or has a white head. In this case, the outlet opening expands under the influence of sebum coming from the glands.

Under the influence of bacteria that have received a nutrient medium, the clogged pore turns into a reddish tubercle, which marks the formation of a pimple. Redness is accompanied by pain when touched and possible itching. The active proliferation of bacteria leads to an increase in the mound, which bursts when it reaches a critical size. The release of purulent formations to the outside is more or less favorable. When the “explosion” is carried out deeper, things can take a serious turn, in which not only the skin suffers.

The detection of at least one pimple should be accompanied by immediate action to localize it. Poor hygiene often leads to the formation of rashes.

Causes of pimples

There are many factors that determine the appearance of acne. Most of them are inherent in the abnormal functioning of the body. The causes of rashes can be:

metabolic disorders;
hormonal imbalances;
individual organs (liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, etc.);
nervous tension, stress.

Skin is the main outpost and indicator of the body. She is the first to encounter all changes in the environment and sensitively reacts to the slightest disturbances within a person. Acne is one of the signals that informs about some kind of failure.

The influence of the environment on the dermis can be expressed in increased temperature. To prevent dryness, the sebaceous glands begin to intensively secrete fat. Its accumulation on the surface leads to the adhesion of dirt, bacteria and germs. There is a blockage of the channels. The result is that my face is covered in acne.

Approximately the same process is observed during sports and heavy physical activity, only the influence of temperature contributes to increased sweating.

Acne can be caused by toxic substances and cosmetics. They often cause rough, dry skin. The stratum corneum interferes with the normal release of sebum.

Allergic reactions, when the entire face is covered with small pimples, can easily be attributed to the influence of the environment. Irritation is accompanied by redness and severe itching. Scratching increases the area where bacteria spread, causing a lot of pimples to appear.

The most common allergens:

animal hair;
household chemicals and cosmetics;
plant pollen, flowers.

An important factor in the appearance of rashes is hormonal changes. They accompany a person in his youth, when the body is undergoing restructuring. Hormones contribute to the formation of acne during pregnancy.

Age makes its own adjustments. As the skin ages, increasing peeling causes plugs to form in the pores.

Poor nutrition and lack of vitamins (especially vitamin A) weaken the immune system, which immediately affects the skin. He is no longer able to restrain the attacks of bacteria that contribute to pustular rashes.

Interesting information about the causes of acne is included in the video.

What does the location of acne tell you?

As a rule, rashes, at least initially, occupy certain areas of the skin. Having discovered a lot of pimples on the face, you can make a preliminary diagnosis of the pathology of any organ or identify deviations in the normal functioning of the body:

The skin of the nose is often characterized by enlarged pores and provides fertile ground for the appearance of acne. A sudden formation in this area indicates a lack of oxygen and poor blood supply. The situation is typical for people who neglect fresh air and lead a sedentary lifestyle;
rashes on the bridge of the nose can form due to stress and can be hormonal in nature;
pimples around the lips may indicate gastritis and even an ulcer;
a weakened immune system signals the formation of acne in the ear area;
abnormal functioning of the female reproductive system is indicated by rashes on the chin;
if acne suddenly appears on the cheeks, the body is overwhelmed with toxins and waste. Rashes indicate poor nutrition;
pimples on the cheekbones can indicate malfunctions of the kidneys and problems with urination;
a rash on the forehead can indicate intestinal diseases, cholecystitis and gallbladder pathology.

You can read more about acne areas. But always remember, these phenomena are not a 100% diagnosis. Isolated cases are not a cause for particular concern. Systematic, constant acne is much more dangerous. What to do in this case can only be determined by a specialist.

Types of acne

Successful and quick elimination of a pimple is closely related to its type. The most common rashes are:

comedones. Characterized by black dots representing plugs in the sebaceous ducts;
papules. They are a consequence of the penetration of pathogenic bacteria into comedones and are accompanied by inflammatory processes;
pustules. They represent the process of development of papules and are distinguished by the appearance of suppuration on the surface of the pimple.

Healing procedures

Preliminary preparation for eliminating pimples

Having determined the number of negative formations, you can first determine what to do with acne on your face. If there are less than 10 of them, then most likely, external agents will be sufficient for treatment. When the number of pimples approaches 50, external treatment will have to be accompanied by internal preparations. A larger number requires immediate medical attention.

Before eliminating a pimple, care should be taken to ensure cleanliness and sterility. Opening a comedone and allowing bacteria to enter it can lead to quite serious consequences.

Home conditions

To quickly get rid of acne, you need to clear it of pus. Squeezing is possible only if you are convinced that it is ripe and pressing will not require effort, accompanied by pain, the formation of a bruise and a scar later. The affected area is wiped with a cotton swab soaked in medical alcohol. It is advisable that hands be treated appropriately. The core of the pimple is compressed without affecting the surrounding surface. This will completely clear the sebaceous duct.

After removing the pus, the wound is treated with alcohol. After about an hour, a small amount of Levomikol, Baziron or Baserit is applied to the affected area. These products can always be purchased at your nearest pharmacy.

After procedures to cleanse the skin of pimples, you should limit as much as possible the use of makeup and other cosmetics that can lead to inflammatory processes.

A lotion made from chamomile and celandine, brewed in equal proportions, will also help prevent redness. It is advisable to use it before bed and in the morning treat the area with ice cubes.

Traditional methods have many remedies that can quickly remove sudden rashes. The beneficial effects are based on the use of natural products that minimize the negative effects of home treatments.

A few proven recipes:

The pimple is treated with aloe juice, which is previously kept in the refrigerator for three days.
Chamomile (inflorescences) is poured with boiling water and infused. The resulting infusion is used to wipe the skin three times a day.
You can reduce and remove a pimple by applying a baked onion to the damaged area and leaving it for 2-3 hours.
Good results are achieved with lemon slices used as a mask before bed.
Baking soda is mixed with water to form a paste-like consistency. The resulting mass is applied to the pimples and left for 2-3 minutes, then washed off with warm water.
You can eliminate a pimple using beaten egg white, which is spread on the inflamed area and left for about 10 minutes.
A noticeable beneficial effect is noted by applying warm tea leaves to the pimple.

Combining natural products with the contents of a home first aid kit increases the chances of a speedy restoration of the skin. Only in this case it is necessary to exercise great caution.

The pimple or wound is treated with iodine after squeezing out the pus. After about 30 minutes, the area is wiped with a swab dipped in lemon juice. Iodine disinfects the wound, lemon dries, relieves inflammation and removes yellowness.

An effective remedy against pimples is salicylic-zinc ointment.

Visit to the salon

Cosmetic procedures significantly increase the chances of getting rid of acne. This ensures that the skin looks normal and the effects of rashes are masked. Specialists use professional means to ensure safety and prevent negative consequences.

Among salon methods, peeling is popular, which can be chemical or ultrasonic in nature. The procedures cleanse the skin of dead particles and excess sebaceous secretions. Ultrasonic peeling massages the skin, improves blood microcirculation and strengthens the immune system.

Photo and laser therapy actively help against acne, promoting the effective destruction of bacteria.

Acne and medicine

If nothing helps with acne or if it becomes a real disaster, you need to seek medical help. The varied nature of the appearance of rashes is often not limited to communication only with a dermatologist. You may need specialists such as:

allergist;
endocrinologist;
gynecologist;
gastroenterologist

Often, complex therapy is required to treat acne.

The most common anti-acne medications include: Prednisolone, Loratadine, Cetrin and Diazolin.

Preventive measures

It is almost impossible to completely avoid acne. However, by following certain rules, you can minimize the possibility of their formation. Required:

Maintain hygiene and regularly care for your skin.
Minimize the use of cosmetics or use products based on natural ingredients.
Try to avoid contact with allergens.
Lead a healthy lifestyle.
Eat normally.
Avoid dehydration.
Be regularly examined by specialists.

Some people, without thinking, start using unfamiliar, advertised drugs when they see that their face is covered in acne, which is highly not recommended. Only a reliable, proven remedy and consultation with a specialist guarantees complete relief from rashes.